DOCSLIB.ORG

I FORECASTING PELAGIC FISH in MALAYSIA USING ETS STATE

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I FORECASTING PELAGIC FISH in MALAYSIA USING ETS STATE CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by UTHM Institutional Repository i FORECASTING PELAGIC FISH IN MALAYSIA USING ETS STATE SPACE APPROACH HADIZA YAKUBU BAKO A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Master of Science Faculty of Science, Technology and Human Development University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia DECEMBER, 2014 v ABSTRACT Modelling and forecasting fish catch has been undertaken for a long time over the world. However, From time to time, researchers are always looking for a new model that can predict more accurately the number of fish catch. The objective of this study is to propose the Error Trend and Seasonal (ETS) state space approach.In this study, two techniques of time series analysis were used to forecast fish catch of three commercial fish species found in the Malaysian waters. One of such techniques is the Box-Jenkins method which concerns the building of linear and stochastic dynamic models with minimum data requirements. The second technique is the Error Trend and Seasonal (ETS) state space exponential method which requires no assumptions about the correlations between successive values of the time series. The two class models were used to model and forecast two years monthly catches of the three fish species based on the collected data for the period 2007 – 2011. The SARIMA(1,1,1)(0,0,1)[12], SARIMA(1,1,4)(0,0,1)[12], SARIMA(2,1,1)(0,0,1)[12] and ETS (M, A, M), ETS (M, N, M), ETS (M, A, M) for Dussumiera acuta (tamban buloh), Rastrelliger kanagurta (kembong) and Thunnus tonggol (Tongkol hitam) were proposed respectively. The diagnostic checking for all the fitted models confirmed the adequacy of the models. Results based on the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) demonstrated that the ETS models per- formed better for Thunnus tonggol and Rastrelliger kanagurta, while SARIMA model performed better for Dussumiera acuta. This shows that ETS model which has so far not been used in fisheries in Malaysia is our main contribution in this research. Nevertheless, both models have proven successful in describing and forecasting the monthly fishery dynamics. These forecasts proves helpful in formulating the needed strategies for sustainable management and conservation of the stocks, and can also help the decision makers to establish priorities in terms of fisheries management. vi ABSTRAK Permodelan dan ramalan tangkapan ikan telah dijalankan untuk masa yang lama di seluruh dunia. Namun, terdapat masalah dalam mencari model yang sesuai yang boleh memperoleh dinamik data tang sebagai atribut kepada data tangkapan ikan. Dari masa ke semasa, penyelidik sentiasa mencari model baru yang boleh meramal lebih tepat lagi beberapa tangkapan ikan. Dalam kajian ini, dua teknik analisis siri masa telah digunakan untuk meramal hasil tangkapan ikan daripada tiga spesies ikan komersial yang terdapat di perairan Malaysia. Salah satu teknik itu adalah kaedah Box-Jenkins yang berkaitan dengan pembinaan model dinamik linear dan stokastik dengan keperluan data minimum. Teknik yang kedua ialah ETS keadaan ruang kaedah eksponen yang tidak memerlukan andaian tentang hubungan antara nilai-nilai berturut-turut siri masa. Kedua-dua kelas model digunakan untuk dimodelkan dan meramal dua tahun tangkapan bulanan daripada tiga spesies ikan berdasarkan data yang dikumpul bagi tempoh 2007 - 2011. SARIMA (1,1,1) (0,0,1)[12], SARIMA (1,1,4) (0,0,1)[12], SARIMA (2,1,1) (0,0,1)[12] dan ETS (M, A, M), ETS (M, N, M) , ETS (M, A, M) untuk Dussumiera acuta (tamban Buloh), Rastrelliger kanagurta (Kembong) dan Thunnus tonggol (Tongkol hitam), telah dibangunkan. Semakan diagnostik untuk semua model dipasang mengesahkan kecukupan model. Keputusan berdasarkan punca min ralat kuasa dua (RMSE) dan bermakna ralat mutlak (MAE) menunjukkan prestasi model ETS lebih baik untuk Thunnus tonggol dan Rastrelliger kanagurta, manakala prestasi model SARIMA lebih baik untuk Dussumiera acuta.Ini menunjukkan model ETS yang belum pernah digunakan di perikanan Malaysia ialah penyumbang utama dalam kajian ini. Walau bagaimanapun, kedua- dua model telah terbukti berjaya dalam menerangkan dan meramal dinamik peri- kanan bulanan. Ramalan boleh membantu dalam merangka strategi yang diperlukan untuk pengurusan dan pemuliharaan stok yang berterusan, malah membantu pembuat keputusan untuk menubuhkan keutamaan dari segi pengurusan perikanan. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ii DEDICATION iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv ABSTRACT v ABSTRAK vi TABLE OF CONTENTS vii LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xii LIST OF PLATES xv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xvi LIST OF APPENDICES xvii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background of the study 2 1.2 Important fish species found in Malaysian waters 3 1.2.1 The Tuna Fish 3 1.2.2 The Mackerel 5 1.2.3 The Sardines 7 1.3 Fishing Methods 9 1.3.1 Purse seining method 9 1.3.2 Gill-netting 10 1.3.3 Hook and Line 11 1.4 Fishing seasons in Malaysia 12 1.5 Status of Pelagic fisheries 13 1.6 Problem Statement 13 viii 1.7 Objective of the research 14 1.8 Scope of the research 14 1.9 Significance of the Study 14 1.10 Outline of the Dissertation 15 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 16 2.1 Introduction 16 2.2 Time Series Analysis 16 2.3 Modelling and Forecasting Fisheries Time Series 17 2.4 Box-Jenkins Methodology on Fisheries Time Series 25 2.5 ETS state space approach on Fisheries Time Series 29 2.6 Chapter Summary 31 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 32 3.0 Introduction 32 3.1 Time Series 32 3.2 Time Series Analysis 33 3.3 Box-Jenkins Methodology 33 3.3.1 Stationarity 35 3.3.2 Seasonal ARIMA Model 36 3.3.3 Seasonal ARIMA Model Estimation 37 3.4 Models Diagnostic Checking 37 3.4.1 Ljung-Box Test 37 3.5 ETS Modeling 38 3.5.1 Time Series Components 38 3.5.2 State Space Exponential smoothing models (ETS) 40 3.5.3 ETS Model selection 42 3.5.4 Forecasting with ETS models 43 3.6 Measures of Comparison between Fitted Models 45 3.7 Chapter Summary 46 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 47 4.0 Introduction 47 4.1 Data used 47 4.2 Data Exploration 47 ix 4.2.1 Time Plot 48 4.2.2 Autocorrelation functions of the fish catch data sets 50 4.2.3 Time Series Transformation 52 4.2.4 Autocorrelation Function of first difference series 55 4.3 Seasonal ARIMA Model Estimation 58 4.3.1 Diagnostic Results for the fitted Seasonal ARIMA Models 59 4.3.2 Observed and Fitted values from SARIMA Models 62 4.3.3 Forecasts from Seasonal ARIMA models 65 4.4 ETS state space exponential smoothing modelling 70 4.4.1 Time Series components 70 4.4.2 ETS State Space Exponential Smoothing Models Estimation 73 4.4.3 Diagnostic Results for the fitted ETS Models 74 4.4.4 Observed and Fitted Values from ETS Models 77 4.4.5 Forecasts from ETS models 80 4.5 ETS State Space and SARIMA Models Comparison 86 4.6 Chapter Summary 87 CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND FUTURE WORK 88 5.1 Summary 88 5.2 Conclusion 88 5.3 Recommendation and Future work 89 REFERENCES 90 APPENDICES 97 x LIST OF TABLES 1.1 Tuna species found in Malaysian waters 4 1.2 Mackerel species found in Malaysian waters 5 1.3 Sardine species found in Malaysian water 8 2.1 Summary on Modelling and Forecasting Fisheries Time Series 21 2.2 Summary on Applications of Box-Jenkins Methodology on Fisheries Time Series 27 2.3 Summary on Applications of Exponential Smoothing Methods on Fisheries Time Series 30 3.1 ETS state space exponential smoothing models 40 3.2 15 ETS State Space Exponential smoothing models equations 41 4.1 Parameter estimates for the fitted SARIMA models 59 4.2 24 monthly forecasts of Dussumiera acuta catches with SARIMA model 66 4.3 24 monthly forecasts of Rastrelliger kangurta catches with SARIMA model 68 4.4 24 monthly forecasts of Thunnus tonggol catches with SARIMA model 66 4.5 Summary results for the fitted ETS state space exponential smoothing models parameters 73 4.6 Seasonal components monthly fish catch 74 4.7 24 monthly forecasts of Dussumiera acuta production with ETS (MAM) model 81 4.8 24 monthly forecasts of Rastrelliger kangurta production with ETS (MNM) model 83 4.9 24 monthly forecasts of Thunnus tonggol production xi with ETS (MAM) model 85 4.10 Comparison of the fitted SARIMA and ETS state space exponential smoothing models for Rastrelliger kanagurta 86 4.11 Comparison of the fitted SARIMA and ETS state space exponential smoothing models for Thunnus tonggol 87 4.11 Comparison of the fitted SARIMA and ETS state space exponential smoothing models for Dussumiera acuta 87 xii LIST OF FIGURES 3.1 Box-Jenkins methodology flowchart 35 3.2 Flowchart of ETS state space modeling 44 3.3 Flowchart summarizing the methodological framework 33 4.1 Time series plot of monthly catches of Dussumiera acuta 48 4.2 Time series plot of monthly catches of Rastrelliger kanagurta 49 4.3 Time series plot of monthly catches of Thunnus tonggol 49 4.4 ACF plot of monthly fish catch data of Thunnus tonggol 50 4.5 ACF plots of monthly fish catch data of Rastrelliger kanagurta 51 4.6 ACF plots of monthly fish catch data of Dussumiera acuta 52 4.7 Time series plot of the first difference series of monthly fish catch data of Thunnus tonggol 53 4.8 Time series plot of the first difference series of monthly fish catch data of Rastrelliger kanagurta 54 4.9 Time series plot of the first difference series of monthly fish catch data of Dussumiera acuta 55 4.10 ACF plots of the first difference series of monthly fish catch data of Thunnus tonggol 56 4.11 ACF plots of the first difference series of monthly fish catch data of Rastrelliger kanagurta 57 4.12 ACF plots of the first difference series of monthly fish catch data of Dussumiera acuta 57 4.13 Diagnostic results for the fitted SARIMA (1,1,1)(0,1,1)[12] ] xiii for Dussumiera acuta 60 4.14 Diagnostic results for the fitted SARIMA (1, 1, 4)(0, 1, 1)12 for Rastrelliger kanagurta 61 4.15 Diagnostic results for the fitted SARIMA (2, 1, 1)(0, 1, 1)12 for Thunnus tonggol 62 4.16 Comparison graph of observed vs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    Monday, October 2, 2006 Part II Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 50 CFR Parts 300, 600, and 635 Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Recreational Atlantic Blue and White Marlin Landings Limit; Amendments to the Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic Tunas, Swordfish, and Sharks and the Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic Billfish; Final Rule VerDate Aug<31>2005 18:21 Sep 29, 2006 Jkt 208001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\02OCR2.SGM 02OCR2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with RULES_2 58058 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 190 / Monday, October 2, 2006 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ADDRESSES: Copies of the Final the Environmental Protection Agency Consolidated HMS FMP and other (EPA) published the Notice of National Oceanic and Atmospheric relevant documents are available from Availability (NOA) for the Draft Administration the Highly Migratory Species Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) Management Division website at and the accompanying Draft 50 CFR Parts 300, 600, and 635 www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sfa/hms or by Consolidated HMS FMP (70 FR 48705). contacting Karyl Brewster-Geisz at 301– The 60-day comment period on the [Docket No. 030908222-6241-02; I.D. 713–2347. proposed rule was initially open until 051603C] FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: October 18, 2005. However, because Karyl Brewster-Geisz, Margo Schulze- many of NMFS’ constituents were RIN 0648–AQ65 Haugen, or Chris Rilling at 301–713– adversely affected by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005, and the resultant Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; 2347 or fax 301–713–1917; Russell Dunn at 727–824–5399 or fax 727–824– cancellation of three public hearings in Recreational Atlantic Blue and White the Gulf of Mexico region, NMFS Marlin Landings Limit; Amendments to 5398; or Mark Murray-Brown at 978– 281–9260 or fax 978–281–9340.
    [Show full text]
  • IOTC–2013–WPEB09–41 Buoy Gear
    IOTC–2013–WPEB09–41 Buoy gear – a potential for bycatch reduction in the small-scale swordfish fisheries: a Florida experience and Indian Ocean perspective Evgeny V. Romanov(1)*, David Kerstetter(2); Travis Moore(2); Pascal Bach(3) (1) PROSPER Project (PROSpection et habitat des grands PÉlagiques de la ZEE de La Réunion), CAP RUN – ARDA, Magasin n°10 – Port Ouest, 97420 Le Port, Ile de la Réunion, France. (2) Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center, 8000 North Ocean Drive Dania Beach, FL 33004 USA. (3) IRD, UMR 212 EME „Ecosystèmes Marins Exploités‟, Centre de Recherche Halieutique Méditerranéenne et Tropicale Avenue Jean Monnet, BP 171, 34203 Sète Cedex, France. * Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], Tel : +262 (0) 262 43 66 10, Fax: +262 (0) 262 55 60 10 Page 1 of 12 IOTC–2013–WPEB09–41 ABSTRACT A swordfish buoy gear, an innovative fishing practice developed in USA in early 2000s, provide a possibility of direct swordfish targeting yielding high CPUE of target species and very low bycatch levels. Here we present a summary of US experience and discuss potential application of this gear in the Indian Ocean region in the perspective of small-scale fisheries development and bycatch reduction. Introduction Heavy exploitation of swordfish in the Atlantic Ocean during 1980s – early 1990s led to an overfished state in both the North Atlantic and South Atlantic stocks (ICCAT, 2009). High levels of juvenile bycatch in certain areas (in particular, the Florida Straits between Florida, Cuba, and the Bahamas) was considered as a major detrimental factor for the stock sustainability.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishing Methods and Gears in Panay Island, Philippines
    Fishing Methods and Gears in Panay Island, Philippines 著者 KAWAMURA Gunzo, BAGARINAO Teodora journal or 鹿児島大学水産学部紀要=Memoirs of Faculty of publication title Fisheries Kagoshima University volume 29 page range 81-121 別言語のタイトル フィリピン, パナイ島の漁具漁法 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10232/13182 Mem. Fac. Fish., Kagoshima Univ. Vol.29 pp. 81-121 (1980) Fishing Methods and Gears in Panay Island, Philippines*1 Gunzo Kawamura*2 and Teodora Bagarinao*3 Abstract The authors surveyed the fishing methods and gears in Panay and smaller neighboring islands in the Philippines in September-December 1979 and in March-May 1980. This paper is a report on the fishing methods and gears used in these islands, with special focus on the traditional and primitive ones. The term "fishing" is commonly used to mean the capture of many aquatic animals — fishes, crustaceans, mollusks, coelenterates, echinoderms, sponges, and even birds and mammals. Moreover, the harvesting of algae underwater or from the intertidal zone is often an important job for the fishermen. Fishing method is the manner by which the aquatic organisms are captured or collected; fishing gear is the implement developed for the purpose. Oftentimes, the gear alone is not sufficient and auxiliary instruments have to be used to realize a method. A fishing method can be applied by means of various gears, just as a fishing gear can sometimes be used in the appli cation of several methods. Commonly, only commercial fishing is covered in fisheries reports. Although traditional and primitive fishing is done on a small scale, it is still very important from the viewpoint of supply of animal protein.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Cover Page – Characterization of the Catch by Swordfish Buoy Gear
    1. Cover Page – Characterization of the Catch by Swordfish Buoy Gear in Southeast Florida NOAA Cooperative Research Program Grant Number: NA07NMF4540075 Award Period: 8/1/2007 to 8/31/2009 (reflecting “no-cost” extension granted 7/31/2008) David Kerstetter, Ph.D.* (Project Principal Investigator) and Shannon Bayse Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center 8000 North Ocean Drive Dania Beach, FL 33004 *Corresponding Author: [email protected] December 2009 2. Abstract – This project had the goal of characterizing the target catch and bycatch species and disposition within the directed swordfish fishery in southeast Florida that utilizes the so- called “swordfish buoy gear” (SBG). All fieldwork was completed by the end of August 2009 as expected with the “no-cost” extension granted in 2008. The preliminary analyses of the collected data indicate that catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) for catch and bycatch is much higher for SBG than pelagic longline gear. The fishery encounters very little bycatch, and those animals that are captured by the gear are almost always alive at gear retrieval and subsequent release. This project did not encounter any marine mammals, sea turtles, or sea birds. The descriptions of the behavior of the fishing gear itself, such as effective fishing depths and relationships of effective fishing depths with gear configuration indicate that the gear fishes somewhat shallower than simple additions of the lengths of the gear sections would indicate. The various iterations of the field datasheet that captures all of the fishing activities (deployment, “tending”, and retrieval) and gear characteristics has also been provided as an Appendix to this final report.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue 2020 (€)
    CARP TRADE CATALOGUE 2020 (€) @starbaits_official Starbaits France STARBAITS TV starbaits.com TRADE CATALOGUE (€) - CARP 2020 EDITORIAL Sensas groups together 4 major brands that are market leaders in European leisure fishing. Our flagship carp brand is STARBAITS. Our product range has evolved over the years in close collaboration with our field testers. The result is an exciting and innovative range of carp tackle and baits that is at the cutting edge of modern angling. Our Pro Fishing book is designed so that retailers can advise customers on exactly what products they need and serves as a logistics tool to help with smooth ordering. Our 2020 catalogue reflects our commitment to our retailers. It contains a great mix of classic best sellers and innovative and exciting new products that are sure to make 2020 a great year of us all. BAITS PERFORMANCE CONCEPT...................................................5 FLUORO LIGHT POP UPS ���������������������������������������������������28 PROBIOTIC �������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 14 PREPARATION X �������������������������������������������������������������������� 30 FEEDZ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 20 EAZI STICK MIX �����������������������������������������������������������������������32 GRAB AND GO �������������������������������������������������������������������������24 ADD IT ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������33 COOKED
    [Show full text]
  • Fox Rig Guide 5 UK.Pdf
    HOW TO: CARP FISHING GUIDE mini Swinger FREE! EASY TO FOLLOW ‘HOW TO’ GUIDE THE COMPLETE EDGES RANGE! Use PVA Bait the Spot Fish Zig Rigs Tie a Pop-Up Rig Fox Rig Guide 2018_1-13.indd 1 14/05/2018 10:45:26 HOW TO: CARP FISHING GUIDE WELCOME... to the brand-new Edges ‘How To’ Guide your one-stop shop for mastering the basics of carp shing. The aim of this new guide is to arm you with lots of short bursts of information that will not only help you to catch more carp but also ensure that when you do catch the sh they are cared for correctly too. We have focussed on making the guide very picture-heavy to give lots of visual guidance on how to master a number of tactics. Often much of the information in circulation these days be it in magazines or online is aimed at the more experienced angler and takes many of the basics for granted so we were keen to strip things back and help any newcomers to carp shing to get things right from the o ! The second half of the guide is a classi ed look at our whole Edge range of accessories, for those of you in the market for new accessories that have been designed by carp anglers to help other carp anglers catch more carp you are sure to nd this section very valuable... We really hope you enjoy what’s in store for you over the coming pages... UK Headquarters European Distribution Centre foxint.com 1 Myrtle Road, Brentwood, Transportzone Meer, Riyadhstraat 39, Essex, CM14 5EG 2321 Meer, Belgium /foxInternational Free Fishing Guide not for re-sale.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishermen Engagement in Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas a Key Element to the Success of Artisanal Fisheries Management
    REPORT 2014 FISHERMEN ENGAGEMENT IN MEDITERRANEAN MARINE PROTECTED AREAS A key element to the success of artisanal fisheries management WWF -- FishermenAires Marines Engagement Protégées in Mediterraneanet Pêche artisanale Marine - page Protected 53 Areas - page 1 WWF - Aires Marines Protégées et Pêche artisanale - page 1 EDITORS The WWF is the largest global conservation organi- sation. It has more than 5 million donors throughout the world. The organisation has an operational network in 100 countries offering 1,200 nature protection programmes. WWF’s mission is to halt and then reverse the process of degradation of the planet. www.wwf.fr The MedPAN North project is a transnational European project whose general aim is to improve the effectiveness MEDPAN of the managementPROJET of the marine protected areas of the NORTH north Mediterranean.MEDPAN It is conducted under the aus- pices of the MedPAN network and is coordinated by the PROJECT WWF France. ItNORD unites 12 partners from 6 European countries that border the Mediterranean: Spain, France, Greece, Italy, Malta and Slovenia. The project is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund Med Programme, and has a budget of €2.38 million. The project began in July 2010 and will end in June 2013. www.medpannorth.org Port-Cros National Park is a marine, coastal and insular national park. It was established in 1963 and is the first national marine park created in Europe. http://www.portcrosparcnational.fr AUTHORS The ECOMERS research laboratory of the University Nice-Sophia Antipolis
    [Show full text]
  • 1455189355674.Pdf
    THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN Cover by: Peter Bradley LEGAL PAGE: Every effort has been made not to make use of proprietary or copyrighted materi- al. Any mention of actual commercial products in this book does not constitute an endorsement. www.trolllord.com www.chenaultandgraypublishing.com Email:[email protected] Printed in U.S.A © 2013 Chenault & Gray Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Storyteller’s Thesaurus Trademark of Cheanult & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. Chenault & Gray Publishing, Troll Lord Games logos are Trademark of Chenault & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS 1 FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR 1 JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN 1 INTRODUCTION 8 WHAT MAKES THIS BOOK DIFFERENT 8 THE STORYTeller’s RESPONSIBILITY: RESEARCH 9 WHAT THIS BOOK DOES NOT CONTAIN 9 A WHISPER OF ENCOURAGEMENT 10 CHAPTER 1: CHARACTER BUILDING 11 GENDER 11 AGE 11 PHYSICAL AttRIBUTES 11 SIZE AND BODY TYPE 11 FACIAL FEATURES 12 HAIR 13 SPECIES 13 PERSONALITY 14 PHOBIAS 15 OCCUPATIONS 17 ADVENTURERS 17 CIVILIANS 18 ORGANIZATIONS 21 CHAPTER 2: CLOTHING 22 STYLES OF DRESS 22 CLOTHING PIECES 22 CLOTHING CONSTRUCTION 24 CHAPTER 3: ARCHITECTURE AND PROPERTY 25 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND ELEMENTS 25 BUILDING MATERIALS 26 PROPERTY TYPES 26 SPECIALTY ANATOMY 29 CHAPTER 4: FURNISHINGS 30 CHAPTER 5: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 ADVENTurer’S GEAR 31 GENERAL EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 2 THE STORYTeller’s Thesaurus KITCHEN EQUIPMENT 35 LINENS 36 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
    [Show full text]
  • La Roche Students Are Not As Dry As the Campus
    The La Roche Courier March 27, 2015 La Roche College • 9000 Babcock Boulevard • Pittsburgh, PA 15237 • 412.847.2505 Vol. 19, Issue 5 Are religion and science conflicting? By Sydney Harsh Science Writer cience or religion? Who’s right in the law of causality, he said, can- and who’s wrong? not accept that a God (or divine be- One hundred members of ing) is controlling or manipulating Sthe La Roche College community, the universe.” including students, faculty, and staff Out of the 70 percent who said responded to a survey about their they believe there is a connection be- beliefs on science and religion. The tween science and religion, 52 per- survey found that 70 percent of La cent said they are religious. Roche College students, faculty, and “I’ve been a Christian all my life, staff believe there is a connection and nothing has led me to believe between science and religion. They much against it,” Thomas Carney, a responded to the survey in February. sophomore computer science major, “As a scientist, it seems as though, said. in general, religion is always trying Fifteen out of 100 La Roche stu- to keep science down,” Dr. Becky dents, faculty, and staff said they are Bozym, chemistry professor, said. religious personally, but not publi- Matthew Puller, senior English cally. However, 38 out of 52 religious studies: language and literature ma- students, faculty, and staff said sci- jor, said, “They have a bad relation- ence and religion are in conflict. ship right now, at least for the most “They don’t have to be,” fresh- part.
    [Show full text]
  • Quality Carp Tackle for Monster Specimens. High Quality Rods and Reels, Tried and Tested Accessories, Irresistible Baits – All Combined with a Cool Image
    Quality carp tackle for monster specimens. High quality rods and reels, tried and tested accessories, irresistible baits – all combined with a cool image. Radical is the epitomy of modern carp sport par excellence. CONTENTS REELS RA 3 RODS RA 4 ACCESSORIES RA 8 Tent & Brolly RA 38 Ritual SLO RA 3 Old School III Traditional RA 4 Boilies & Additive RA 8 Tent & Bed Chair RA 40 Old School III Hard River RA 4 Display RA 27 Accessories RA 42 Long Range RA 4 Tiger Nuts RA 28 Landing Nets RA 42 Warchild III RA 6 Lines & Rigs RA 28 Sticker RA 44 Warchild Tele Carp III RA 6 Accessories, Leads & Tools RA 30 Warchild Spod RA 6 Bite Alarm RA 32 Bank Sticks, Rod Pods RA 33 Holdall, Carryal, Bags & Bowls RA 35 STANDARD TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT: · Large-surface multi-disc front drag system · CNC stainless steel handle · Anti-twist line roller · Powerful gears · Aluminium Long Stroke™ spool · Aluminium spare spool · Wormshaft oscillation system RITUAL SLO Large waters and monster fish require the ultimate fighting equipment. Now, carp anglers can present their bait where others cannot even begin to look. The Ritual SLO also impresses with its high-performance gears, making it your future partner for extreme requirements. Thanks to the slow spool stroke, line distribution is also of the highest standard, allowing the thinnest braids to be used and flow effortlessly from the spool. Code Model m / mm Gear Ratio Retrieve BB Drag F. Weight Spare Spool Model m / mm Material 0354 070 1070 330 / 0,40 4,9:1 102 cm 10 10,0 kg / 22 lbs 715 g 0987 110 Sp.Spool Ritual SLO 1070 330 / 0,40 Alu 0354 080 1080 420 / 0,40 4,9:1 105 cm 10 10,0 kg / 22 lbs 745 g 0987 111 Sp.Spool Ritual SLO 1080 420 / 0,40 Alu RA2 RA3 CARP RODS Code Model Length Sections C.W.
    [Show full text]
  • English Police Fly Fishing Association River Championship Rules
    English Police Fly Fishing Association River Championship Rules The two-day match will be fished in four sessions across two beats, with each competitor fishing both a morning and afternoon session on each beat. Fishing will be carried out in the spirit of, and with respect for, the traditions of the sport. Trout and grayling are the only permitted species. Catch and release will apply with all fish being carefully returned to the river, making sure they can swim away before release. The match organiser, hereinafter referred to as the ‘organiser’ will fix the hours of fishing, divide the competition venue into beats, advise competitors of any venue specific rules, and conduct the draw for both pairings and beats. Within drawn pairings, each competitor will act as their partners controller, and will be responsible for ensuring adherence to the rules and that fish measurement and scorecard completion is done with accuracy. Competitors must use artificial flies on barbless or de-barbed single hooks. Not more than three flies shall be mounted on a cast. Flies may be artificially weighted. Hooks will measure not more than five-eighths of an inch overall, including the eye. The overall length of the fly shall not exceed fifteen-sixteenths of an inch. Flies may be of any pattern and material and may be fished floating or sunk. Attractor chemicals and the use of light emitters are debarred. A competitor may use only one rod at a time (maximum length 12 feet) but may have a second ready mounted as a spare. Leaders must not exceed two rod lengths in length.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Discourse Regarding Collllllon Characteristics of Fishing Clubs and Their Men1bers by Richard G. Bell
    A Mother Club, a Mystery, and Best of the Worsts Man's life is but vain; For 'tis subject to pain, And sorrow, and short as a bubble; 'Tis a hodge-podge of business and money and ca re, and care and money and tro uble. But we'll take no care when the weather proves fair; Nor will we vex now though it rain; We'll banish all sorrow and sing to tomorrow, and angle and angle again. hus singeth Walton and friends as recorded in The Compleat Angler. Groups of anglers bonding over com- Tmon experience and common water is as old as . .. well, at least as old as Walton, with Thatcht-House being dubbed the Mother Club by author Richard G. Bell. In "Common Threads among the Gold: A Brief Discourse Regarding Common Characteristics of Fishing Clubs and Their Members," Bell begins with the Bible and Berners for stories of fishermen, angling, and attitude. But, he claims, it is Walton who gives us "clubness." Bell's article, originally a presentation to the Lime- stone Club of East Canaan, Connecticut, is filled with stories and songs of anglers banding together for the sake of tradition to fish, eat, drink, be merry, exaggerate, and complain. This rather lively piece begins on page 2. About ten years ago, Frederick Buller found a collection of flies at a rummage sale in a box marked "Unusual Salmon Flies (circa 188o) ." Since then, he's been researching these flies and asking the opinions of others. The flies are, in fact, still a bit of a mystery.
    [Show full text]