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Jerry's Class Struggle in Edward Albee's the Zoo

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Jerry's Class Struggle in Edward Albee's the Zoo JERRY’S CLASS STRUGGLE IN EDWARD ALBEE’S THE ZOO STORY A Thesis Presented to The Graduate Program in English Language Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Magister Humaniora (M.Hum.) in English Language Studies by JOHAN KRISTANTO Student Number: 076332005 The Graduate Program in English Language Studies Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta 2010 i ii iii STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY This is to certify that all the ideas, phrases, and sentences, unless otherwise stated, are the ideas, phrases, and sentences of the thesis writer. The writer understands the full consequences including degree cancellation if he took somebody else‟s idea, phrase, or sentence without a proper reference. Yogyakarta, August 23, 2010 Johan Kristanto iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma: Nama : Johan Kristanto Nomor Mahasiswa : 076332005 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul: JERRY’S CLASS STRUGGLE IN EDWARD ALBEE’S THE ZOO STORY beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas dan mempublikasikannya di media internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta izin dari saya maupun memberi royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal 23 Agustus 2010 Yang menyatakan Johan Kristanto v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is a pleasure for me to thank all those who helped in the process of completing the thesis. It is my pleasure to name some of them. I am indebted so much to Prof. Dr. C. Soebakdi Soemanto, S.U. for his patience, willingness, commitment, guidance, advice, and consolation to discuss this thesis. He invited me to think more deeply about it by asking challenging and curious questions. Meeting with him could last hours but it was fun, satisfying, and relieving. I believed that without him I could not complete my thesis. I am very grateful for never-ending encouragements he gave to me in finishing the thesis and his invaluable support especially when I was down. His moral support and continuous guidance enabled me to finish this thesis. My gratitude goes also to Mrs. Lana Indrayati, his wife, for her hospitality, advice, and sharing at the dining table. They always received me warmly and tenderly at their house. I would like to appreciate and thank Dr. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A. (Hons.) for giving me help, great and insightful ideas as well as encouragements. My thanks go to Dr. J. Bismoko. Several times in several meetings he tapped my shoulder warmly asking my condition. Sometimes he just tapped my shoulder and smiled but his attitudes meant a lot to me. I must extend my thanks to the head of the Graduate Program in English Language Studies Dr. F.X. Mukarto, M.S. for his support and warmth, Dr. B.B. Dijatmoko, M.A., Prof. Dr. Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo, M.A., who encouraged me to show my identity by speaking „Banyumasan‟ and to Dr. vi Fr. B. Alip, M.Pd., M.A. for his rare smile. I offer my special thanks to Dr. St. Sunardi and B. Rahmanto, M.Hum. for their effort and critical suggestions. I should express my gratitude to Dr. Priyono Marwan SJ, Prof. Dr. Melani Budianta, M.A., Prof. Dr. Anita Lie, M.A., Yunita Linawati, Apt., MSc., Dr. I. Praptomo Baryadi, M.Hum., Dr. F.X.B. Tulus Wardaya SJ, Prapta Diharja SJ, M. Hum., Mrs. Maria Caecilia Sri Mahyarati, Mrs. Florentina Haryati, Tony Cahyawanto, S.T., and Desi Muditamurni, S.E. for their support by letters and meetings. My deepest and sincere gratitude goes to my super mother, brothers, sisters, and sisters-in-law for their unceasing prayers, supportive courage, and understanding. I wish to express appreciation to C. Sumardhi, S.Pd., and P. Sugeng, S.Pd. for permitting me to leave my educational work to pursue my degree and to Mgr. Julianus Sunarka who supports me to continue and to complete my study. Accordingly my gratitude goes to my fellow graduate students: Charles, „simpatik‟ Amalia, „Peter Parker‟ Chosa, „Mary Jane‟ Siegfrieda, „supportive and wise mom‟ Thinneke, ‟Solonese‟ Gracia, Yuniar, Siwi, Meylina, Sriyanti, Nico Garum, Mariska, ‟Banyumasan‟ Josephine, Amalia, Suyono, Trisnowati, Katarina, Oh Pan Suk, „Romo Koko‟ Bambang Santoso, Pratitis, Dian, and Manupapami for their sharing, support, jokes, advice, and prayers. And to many others whose names are not mentioned here. Finally, I must thank all those who have taken so much trouble to help bring this thesis into existence. vii This thesis is dedicated to my grandmothers, my mother, my brothers and sisters, and my dear late father who passed away on March 9, 2009. viii Day after day O, Lord of my life, shall I stand before thee face to face. With folded hands O, Lord of all worlds, shall I stand before thee face to face. Under thy great sky in solitude and silence with humble heart, shall I stand before thee face to face. In this laborious world of thine, tumultuous with toil and with struggle among hurrying crowds, shall I stand before thee face to face. And when my work shall be done in this world O, King of Kings, alone and speechless, shall I stand before thee face to face. (Rabindranath Tagore) Our heart is restless until it repose in Thee. (Augustine of Hippo) ix TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE .................................................................................. i APPROVAL PAGE ........................................................................ ii DEFENSE APPROVAL PAGE ..................................................... iii STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .............................................. iv PUBLICATION APPROVAL PAGE ........................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................ vi DEDICATION PAGE ..................................................................... viii POEM ............................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................ x ABSTRACT ..................................................................................... xii ABSTRAK ....................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ............................................................................. 1 B. Problem Limitation ...................................................................................... 6 C. Problem Formulation ................................................................................... 7 D. Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 7 E. Research Method ......................................................................................... 8 F. Benefits of the Study .................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW A. Review on Related Studies .......................................................................... 10 B. Review on Related Theories ........................................................................ 30 1. Marxism in Literature .............................................................................. 31 2. Sociological Approach ............................................................................ 34 3. Class ........................................................................................................ 36 C. Theoretical Framework ............................................................................... 37 CHAPTER III: SOCIAL CONDITON IN THE ZOO STORY A. Class Distinction .......................................................................................... 41 B. Characters .................................................................................................... 43 x CHAPTER IV: CHARACTER BEHAVIOUR TO OVERCOME THE SOCIAL CONDITION A. Jerry‟s Attempt to Oppose the System ......................................................... 51 B. Peter‟s Action to Keep His Position ............................................................ 56 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ...................................................... 60 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................... 64 APPENDICES Appendix 1 ......................................................................................................... 68 Appendix 2 ......................................................................................................... 72 Appendix 3 ......................................................................................................... 75 Appendix 4 ......................................................................................................... 77 xi ABSTRACT Johan Kristanto. 2010. Jerry’s Class Struggle in Edward Albee’s The Zoo Story. Yogyakarta: English Language Studies. Graduate Program. Sanata Dharma University. The Zoo Story was the first theatre of the absurd that was made and performed by an American. Its appearance is inspired by the successful appearance of En attendant Godot or Waiting for Godot in France. For the first time, American public does
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