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Elite Strategies and Contested Dominance in Kampala
ESID Working Paper No. 146 Carrot, stick and statute: Elite strategies and contested dominance in Kampala Nansozi K. Muwanga1, Paul I. Mukwaya2 and Tom Goodfellow3 June 2020 1 Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Email correspondence: [email protected] 2 Department of Geography, Geo-informatics and Climatic Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Email correspondence: [email protected]. 3 Department of Urban Studies and Planning, University of Sheffield, UK Email correspondence: [email protected] ISBN: 978-1-912593-56-9 email: [email protected] Effective States and Inclusive Development Research Centre (ESID) Global Development Institute, School of Environment, Education and Development, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK www.effective-states.org Carrot, stick and statute: Elite strategies and contested dominance in Kampala. Abstract Although Yoweri Museveni’s National Resistance Movement (NRM) has dominated Uganda’s political scene for over three decades, the capital Kampala refuses to submit to the NRM’s grip. As opposition activism in the city has become increasingly explosive, the ruling elite has developed a widening range of strategies to try and win urban support and constrain opposition. In this paper, we subject the NRM’s strategies over the decade 2010-2020 to close scrutiny. We explore elite strategies pursued both from the ‘top down’, through legal and administrative manoeuvres and a ramping up of violent coercion, and from the ‘bottom up’, through attempts to build support among urban youth and infiltrate organisations in the urban informal transport sector. Although this evolving suite of strategies and tactics has met with some success in specific places and times, opposition has constantly resurfaced. -
Re Joinder Submitted by the Republic of Uganda
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO v. UGANDA REJOINDER SUBMITTED BY THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA VOLUME 1 6 DECEMBER 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 : THE PERSISTENT ANOMALIES IN THE REPLY CONCERNING MATTERS OF PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE ............................................... 10 A. The Continuing Confusion Relating To Liability (Merits) And Quantum (Compensation) ...................... 10 B. Uganda Reaffirms Her Position That The Court Lacks Coinpetence To Deal With The Events In Kisangani In June 2000 ................................................ 1 1 C. The Courl:'~Finding On The Third Counter-Claim ..... 13 D. The Alleged Admissions By Uganda ........................... 15 E. The Appropriate Standard Of Proof ............................. 15 CHAPTER II: REAFFIRMATION OF UGANDA'S NECESSITY TO ACT IN SELF- DEFENCE ................................................. 2 1 A. The DRC's Admissions Regarding The Threat To Uganda's Security Posed By The ADF ........................ 27 B. The DRC's Admissions Regarding The Threat To Uganda's Security Posed By Sudan ............................. 35 C. The DRC's Admissions Regarding Her Consent To The Presetnce Of Ugandan Troops In Congolese Territory To Address The Threats To Uganda's Security.. ......................................................................4 1 D. The DRC's Failure To Establish That Uganda Intervened -
Uganda Date: 30 October 2008
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: UGA33919 Country: Uganda Date: 30 October 2008 Keywords: Uganda – Uganda People’s Defence Force – Intelligence agencies – Chieftaincy Military Intelligence (CMI) – Politicians This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Please provide information on the Uganda Peoples Defence Force (Ugandan Army)/Intelligence Agencies and a branch of the Army called Chieftaincy Military Intelligence, especially its history, structure, key officers. Please provide any information on the following people: 2. Noble Mayombo (Director of Intelligence). 3. Leo Kyanda (Deputy Director of CMI). 4. General Mugisha Muntu. 5. Jack Sabit. 6. Ben Wacha. 7. Dr Okungu (People’s Redemption Army). 8. Mr Samson Monday. 9. Mr Kyakabale. 10. Deleted. RESPONSE 1. Please provide information on the Uganda Peoples Defence Force (Ugandan Army)/Intelligence Agencies and a branch of the Army called Chieftaincy Military Intelligence, especially its history, structure, key officers. The Uganda Peoples Defence Force UPDF is headed by General Y Museveni and the Commander of the Defence Force is General Aronda Nyakairima; the Deputy Chief of the Defence Forces is Lt General Ivan Koreta and the Joint Chief of staff Brigadier Robert Rusoke. -
Ethnicity and the Politics of Land Tenure: Reform in Central Uganda
Working Paper Series ISSN 1470-2320 2005 No.05-58 Ethnicity and the Politics of Land Tenure Reform in Central Uganda: Elliott D. Green Published: April 2005 Development Studies Institute London School of Economics and Political Science Houghton Street Tel: +44 (020) 7955 7425/6252 London Fax: +44 (020) 7955-6844 WC2A 2AE UK Email: [email protected] Ethnicity and the Politics of Land Tenure Reform in Central Uganda Elliott D. Green1 Development Studies Institute London School of Economics [email protected] 1. Introduction Land tenure reform is certainly one of the most divisive yet important topics in Sub-Saharan Africa today. For countries with high rural populations and high population growth rates, an efficient and fair land tenure system is commonly seen as necessary in order to alleviate poverty and reduce conflict.2 Yet in the central Uganda region of Buganda land tenure has been a heated issue ever since the British created a grossly unequal land tenure system in 1900 that gave large tracts of land to the political elite while turning most Baganda into tenant farmers. While there has been limited success over the past century in limiting the powers of landlords, the system itself has remained. Indeed, Bugandan landlords have been one of the strongest forces in opposition to current attempts at land reform by the ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM), led by President Yoweri Museveni. Recent analyses of land tenure reform in Africa often stop here, limiting discussions to landlords and rural elites on one hand vs. the central government and donors on the other. -
Rule by Law: Discriminatory Legislation and Legitimized Abuses in Uganda
RULE BY LAW DIscRImInAtORy legIslAtIOn AnD legItImIzeD Abuses In ugAnDA Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 3 million supporters, members and activists in more than 150 countries and territories who campaign to end grave abuses of human rights. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. First published in 2014 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW United Kingdom © Amnesty International 2014 Index: AFR 59/06/2014 Original language: English Printed by Amnesty International, International Secretariat, United Kingdom All rights reserved. This publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee for advocacy, campaigning and teaching purposes, but not for resale. The copyright holders request that all such use be registered with them for impact assessment purposes. For copying in any other circumstances, or for reuse in other publications, or for translation or adaptation, prior written permission must be obtained from the publishers, and a fee may be payable. To request permission, or for any other inquiries, please contact [email protected] Cover photo: Ugandan activists demonstrate in Kampala on 26 February 2014 against the Anti-Pornography Act. © Isaac Kasamani amnesty.org CONTENTS 1. Introduction -
LRA Uganda Chapter for DASH.Pdf
Northern Uganda: Protracted Conflict and Structures of Violence The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Matthew Kustenbauder. 2010. Northern Uganda: protracted conflict and structures of violence. In War and Peace in Africa, ed. Toyin Falola and Raphael Chijioke Njoku, 451-482. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2010. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:5128469 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA 19 falola njoku cx3 2/11/10 2:25 PM Page 451 Chapter 19 Northern Uganda: Protracted Conflict and Structures of Violence Matthew Kustenbauder Abstract This chapter identifies reasons for protracted, low-intensity civil war in Uganda dur- ing the last two decades. The first is located in Uganda’s history, in which social, politi- cal, and religious processes established the basic structures of violence that continue to operate in contemporary Uganda, reinforcing cleavages along regional, ethnic, and reli- gious lines. The second is located in the complex balancing act involved in running a modern African state. After providing some historical background that frames the con- flict, the chapter examines how both the NRM government of Yoweri Museveni and rebel insurgent movements have benefited from insecurity in the country. It argues that the government accrued political dividends while the Lord’s Resistance Army gained personal benefits so long as the conflict continued. -
Chased Away and Left to Die
Chased Away and Left to Die How a National Security Approach to Uganda’s National Digital ID Has Led to Wholesale Exclusion of Women and Older Persons ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Publication date: June 8, 2021 Cover photo taken by ISER. An elderly woman having her biometric and biographic details captured by Centenary Bank at a distribution point for the Senior Citizens’ Grant in Kayunga District. Consent was obtained to use this image in our report, advocacy, and associated communications material. Copyright © 2021 by the Center for Human Rights and Global Justice, Initiative for Social and Economic Rights, and Unwanted Witness. All rights reserved. Center for Human Rights and Global Justice New York University School of Law Wilf Hall, 139 MacDougal Street New York, New York 10012 United States of America This report does not necessarily reflect the views of NYU School of Law. Initiative for Social and Economic Rights Plot 60 Valley Drive, Ministers Village Ntinda – Kampala Post Box: 73646, Kampala, Uganda Unwanted Witness Plot 41, Gaddafi Road Opp Law Development Centre Clock Tower Post Box: 71314, Kampala, Uganda 2 Chased Away and Left to Die ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report is a joint publication by the Digital Welfare State and Human Rights Project at the Center for Human Rights and Global Justice (CHRGJ) based at NYU School of Law in New York City, United States of America, the Initiative for Social and Economic Rights (ISER) and Unwanted Witness (UW), both based in Kampala, Uganda. The report is based on joint research undertaken between November 2020 and May 2021. Work on the report was made possible thanks to support from Omidyar Network and the Open Society Foundations. -
Militarization in East Africa 2017
Adams Annotated Bibliography on Militarization in East African 1 SSHRC Partnership: Conjugal Slavery in Wartime Masculinities and Femininities Thematic Group Annotated Bibliography on Militarization of East Africa Aislinn Adams, Research Assistant Adams Annotated Bibliography on Militarization in East African 2 Table of Contents Statistics and Military Expenditure ...................................................................................... 7 World Bank. “Military Expenditure (% of GDP).” 1988-2015. ..................................................... 7 Military Budget. “Military Budget in Uganda.” 2001-2012. ........................................................... 7 World Bank. “Expenditure on education as % of total government expenditure (%).” 1999-2012. ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 World Bank. “Health expenditure, public (% of GDP).” 1995-2014. ............................................. 7 World Health Organization. “Uganda.” ......................................................................................... 7 - Total expenditure on health as % if GDP (2014): 7.2% ......................................................... 7 United Nations Development Programme. “Expenditure on health, total (% of GDP).” 2000- 2011. ................................................................................................................................................ 7 UN Data. “Country Profile: Uganda.” -
ICC-02/04-01/15-T-185-Red-ENG WT 22-10-2018 1/84 SZ T
ICC-02/04-01/15-T-185-Red-ENG WT 22-10-2018 1/84 SZ T Trial Hearing (Open Session) ICC-02/04-01/15 WITNESS: UGA-D26-P-0018 1 International Criminal Court 2 Trial Chamber IX 3 Situation: Republic of Uganda 4 In the case of The Prosecutor v. Dominic Ongwen - ICC-02/04-01/15 5 Presiding Judge Bertram Schmitt, Judge Péter Kovács and 6 Judge Raul Cano Pangalangan 7 Trial Hearing - Courtroom 3 8 Monday, 22 October 2018 9 (The hearing starts in open session at 9.31 a.m.) 10 THE COURT USHER: [9:31:53] All rise. 11 The International Criminal Court is now in session. 12 PRESIDING JUDGE SCHMITT: [9:32:11] Good morning, everyone. 13 Could the court officer please call the case. 14 THE COURT OFFICER: [9:32:21] Good morning, Mr President, your Honours. 15 The situation in the Republic of Uganda, in the case of The Prosecutor versus 16 Dominic Ongwen, case reference ICC-02/04-01/15. 17 And for the record, we are in open session. 18 PRESIDING JUDGE SCHMITT: [9:32:35] Thank you. 19 I ask for the appearances of the parties. Mr Gumpert, for the Prosecution first, 20 please. 21 MR GUMPERT: [9:32:42] Good morning, your Honours. Ben Gumpert for the 22 Prosecution. With me today, Pubudu Sachithanandan, Adesola Adeboyejo, 23 Colleen Gilg, Julian Elderfield, Hai Do Duc, Jasmine Suljanovic, Grace Goh, and I'm 24 very sorry to say that I have made inadequate preparation with the regard to the lady 25 who sits at the back of the court. -
An Independent Review of the Performance of Special Interest Groups in Parliament
DEEPENING DEMOCRACY AND ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN UGANDA DEEPENING DEMOCRACY AND ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN UGANDA An Independent Review of the Performance of Special Interest Groups in Parliament Arthur Bainomugisha Elijah D. Mushemeza ACODE Policy Research Series, No. 13, 2006 i DEEPENING DEMOCRACY AND ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN UGANDA DEEPENING DEMOCRACY AND ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN UGANDA An Independent Review of the Performance of Special Interest Groups in Parliament Arthur Bainomugisha Elijah D. Mushemeza ACODE Policy Research Series, No. 13, 2006 ii DEEPENING DEMOCRACY AND ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN UGANDA TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................. v 1.0. INTRODUCTION............................................................. 1 2.0. BACKGROUND: CONSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF UGANDA.......................................................... 2 3.0. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY................................................... 3 4.0. LEGISLATIVE REPRESENTATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE.................................................................... 3 5.0. UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPTS OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND REPRESENTATION.................................................. 5 5.1. Representative Democracy in a Historical Perspective............................................................. -
Chased Away and Left to Die
Chased Away and Left to Die How a National Security Approach to Uganda’s National Digital ID Has Led to Wholesale Exclusion of Women and Older Persons ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Publication date: June 8, 2021 Copyright © 2021 by the Center for Human Rights and Global Justice, Initiative for Social and Economic Rights, and Unwanted Witness. All rights reserved. Center for Human Rights and Global Justice New York University School of Law Wilf Hall, 139 MacDougal Street New York, New York 10012 United States of America This report does not necessarily reflect the views of NYU School of Law. Initiative for Social and Economic Rights Plot 60 Valley Drive, Ministers Village Ntinda – Kampala Post Box: 73646, Kampala, Uganda Unwanted Witness Plot 41, Gaddafi Road Opp Law Development Centre Clock Tower Post Box: 71314, Kampala, Uganda 2 Chased Away and Left to Die ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report is a joint publication by the Digital Welfare State and Human Rights Project at the Center for Human Rights and Global Justice (CHRGJ) based at NYU School of Law in New York City, United States of America, the Initiative for Social and Economic Rights (ISER) and Unwanted Witness (UW), both based in Kampala, Uganda. The report is based on joint research undertaken between November 2020 and May 2021. Work on the report was made possible thanks to support from Omidyar Network and the Open Society Foundations. Research and drafting for this report, both from Uganda and abroad, has been conducted by the following individuals (in alphabetical order with organizational affiliation): Katelyn Cioffi (CHRGJ), Kiira Brian Alex (ISER), Dorothy Mukasa (UW), Angella Nabwowe – Kasule (ISER), Salima Namusobya (ISER), Nattabi Vivienne (UW), Adam Ray (CHRGJ), Sempala Allan Kigozi (UW), and Christiaan van Veen (CHRGJ). -
Beat Lead 1 and 2.Indd
32 THE BEAT Friday, March 9, 2018 ART REACTION... MUSEVENI’S TAKE THE TRIBUTE MONUMENT President Yoweri Museveni is said to have been impressed in 2006. He only expressed doubt about if the type of gun he held on February 6, 1981 as he commanded his soldiers was similar to that in the sculpture. Although it is not appreciated in Uganda, visual art remains perhaps one of the most important channels to document and preserve our and many society’s history and heritage. recollections from Tumwine and his colleagues to reconstruct the attack, thus enabling them to capture the February 6, 1981 atmosphere. This was to, among other things, enable the artists conceptualise the work. “We understood the risks that accompanied the attack and the context in which it was manoeuvred. We knew that what we were reconstructing represented a decisive The moment that dramatically changed the course of Uganda’s sculptors history forever,” Kyeyune recalls. say it The artistes found a secure place to work at Maria was hard Naita’s home in Mutundwe. Given the limited time to recreating fi nish the work, they had to think fast and spend long a youthful hours at work. In what they describe as a mixture of Museveni excitement and tears, Kyeyune, Naita, Kigozi and team worked under a makeshift studio to complete this work under unforgiving conditions. “The hot sun and dry desiccating wind made WHAT DO clay modelling a harrowing experience. It was YOU THINK? a nightmare keeping the clay moist and soft TWEET US @ which is essential for clay modelling.