International Center of Bethlehem Annual Report 2001
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Ground to a Halt, Denial of Palestinians' Freedom Of
Since the beginning of the second intifada, in September 2000, Israel has imposed restrictions on the movement of Palestinians in the West Bank that are unprecedented in scope and duration. As a result, Palestinian freedom of movement, which was limited in any event, has turned from a fundamental human right to a privilege that Israel grants or withholds as it deems fit. The restrictions have made traveling from one section to another an exceptional occurrence, subject to various conditions and a showing of justification for the journey. Almost every trip in the West Bank entails a great loss of time, much uncertainty, friction with soldiers, and often substantial additional expense. The restrictions on movement that Israel has imposed on Palestinians in the West Bank have split the West Bank into six major geographical units: North, Central, South, the Jordan Valley and northern Dead Sea, the enclaves resulting from the Separation Barrier, and East Jerusalem. In addition to the restrictions on movement from area to area, Israel also severely restricts movement within each area by splitting them up into subsections, and by controlling and limiting movement between them. This geographic division of the West Bank greatly affects every aspect of Palestinian life. B’TSELEM - The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories Ground to a Halt 8 Hata’asiya St., Talpiot P.O. Box 53132 Jerusalem 91531 Denial of Palestinians’ Freedom Tel. (972) 2-6735599 Fax. (972) 2-6749111 of Movement in the West Bank www.btselem.org • [email protected] August 2007 Ground to a Halt Denial of Palestinians’ Freedom of Movement in the West Bank August 2007 Stolen land is concrete, so here and there calls are heard to stop the building in settlements and not to expropriate land. -
Bethlehem Governorate: Fragmentation and Humanitarian Concerns January 2015
UNITED NATIONS Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs occupied Palestinian territory BETHLEHEM GOVERNORATE: FRAGMENTATION AND HUMANITARIAN CONCERNS JANUARY 2015 KEY FACTS � Around 210,000 Palestinians currently live in Bethlehem governorate, including some 6,000 in 17 residential areas located in Area C, which is directly controlled by Israel. � There are over 100,000 Israeli settlers residing in 19 settlements and settlement outposts across the governorate, including in those parts de facto annexed by Israel to the Jerusalem municipality. � More than 85% of Bethlehem governorate is designated as Area C, the vast majority of which is off limits for Palestinian development, including almost 38% declared as “firing zones”, 34% designated as “nature reserves”, and nearly 12% allocated for settlement development.1 � Less than 1% of Area C in Bethlehem has an outline plan approved by the Israeli authorities allowing Palestinians to build legally. � Since 2009 the Israeli authorities demolished 118 Palestinian structures in Area C of Bethlehem governorate, citing lack of building permits, displacing 174 people; around half of the structures demolished were funded by donors. � 56 km of the Barrier’s route are located within Bethlehem governorate, of which 42% are complete and 20% under construction. If completed as planned, 12 communities, will be physically separated from the rest of the governorate. � Farmers in at least 22 communities across the governorate require visitor permits or prior coordination to access their privately-owned land located behind the Barrier or in the vicinity of settlements. � From 2009 through 2014, OCHA recorded 162 settler attacks resulting in Palestinian casualties or property damage, as well as 73 Palestinian attacks resulting in Israeli casualties or damage to property throughout the governorate. -
Greater Jerusalem” Has Jerusalem (Including the 1967 Rehavia Occupied and Annexed East Jerusalem) As Its Centre
4 B?63 B?466 ! np ! 4 B?43 m D"D" np Migron Beituniya B?457 Modi'in Bei!r Im'in Beit Sira IsraelRei'ut-proclaimed “GKharbrathae al Miasbah ter JerusaBeitl 'Uer al Famuqa ” D" Kochav Ya'akov West 'Ein as Sultan Mitzpe Danny Maccabim D" Kochav Ya'akov np Ma'ale Mikhmas A System of Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid Deir Quruntul Kochav Ya'akov East ! Kafr 'Aqab Kh. Bwerah Mikhmas ! Beit Horon Duyuk at Tahta B?443 'Ein ad D" Rafat Jericho 'Ajanjul ya At Tira np ya ! Beit Liq Qalandi Kochav Ya'akov South ! Lebanon Neve Erez ¥ ! Qalandiya Giv'at Ze'ev D" a i r Jaba' y 60 Beit Duqqu Al Judeira 60 B? a S Beit Nuba D" B? e Atarot Ind. Zone S Ar Ram Ma'ale Hagit Bir Nabala Geva Binyamin n Al Jib a Beit Nuba Beit 'Anan e ! Giv'on Hahadasha n a r Mevo Horon r Beit Ijza e t B?4 i 3 Dahiyat al Bareed np 6 Jaber d Aqbat e Neve Ya'akov 4 M Yalu B?2 Nitaf 4 !< ! ! Kharayib Umm al Lahim Qatanna Hizma Al Qubeiba ! An Nabi Samwil Ein Prat Biddu el Almon Har Shmu !< Beit Hanina al Balad Kfar Adummim ! Beit Hanina D" 436 Vered Jericho Nataf B? 20 B? gat Ze'ev D" Dayr! Ayyub Pis A 4 1 Tra Beit Surik B?37 !< in Beit Tuul dar ! Har A JLR Beit Iksa Mizpe Jericho !< kfar Adummim !< 21 Ma'ale HaHamisha B? 'Anata !< !< Jordan Shu'fat !< !< A1 Train Ramat Shlomo np Ramot Allon D" Shu'fat !< !< Neve Ilan E1 !< Egypt Abu Ghosh !< B?1 French Hill Mishor Adumim ! B?1 Beit Naqquba !< !< !< ! Beit Nekofa Mevaseret Zion Ramat Eshkol 1 Israeli Police HQ Mesilat Zion B? Al 'Isawiya Lifta a Qulunyia ! Ma'alot Dafna Sho'eva ! !< Motza Sheikh Jarrah !< Motza Illit Mishor Adummim Ind. -
Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid Over Palestine
Metula Majdal Shams Abil al-Qamh ! Neve Ativ Misgav Am Yuval Nimrod ! Al-Sanbariyya Kfar Gil'adi ZZ Ma'ayan Baruch ! MM Ein Qiniyye ! Dan Sanir Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid over Palestine Al-Sanbariyya DD Al-Manshiyya ! Dafna ! Mas'ada ! Al-Khisas Khan Al-Duwayr ¥ Huneen Al-Zuq Al-tahtani ! ! ! HaGoshrim Al Mansoura Margaliot Kiryat !Shmona al-Madahel G GLazGzaGza!G G G ! Al Khalsa Buq'ata Ethnic Cleansing and Population Transfer (1948 – present) G GBeGit GHil!GlelG Gal-'A!bisiyya Menara G G G G G G G Odem Qaytiyya Kfar Szold In order to establish exclusive Jewish-Israeli control, Israel has carried out a policy of population transfer. By fostering Jewish G G G!G SG dGe NG ehemia G AGl-NGa'iGmaG G G immigration and settlements, and forcibly displacing indigenous Palestinians, Israel has changed the demographic composition of the ¥ G G G G G G G !Al-Dawwara El-Rom G G G G G GAmG ir country. Today, 70% of Palestinians are refugees and internally displaced persons and approximately one half of the people are in exile G G GKfGar GB!lGumG G G G G G G SGalihiya abroad. None of them are allowed to return. L e b a n o n Shamir U N D ii s e n g a g e m e n tt O b s e rr v a tt ii o n F o rr c e s Al Buwayziyya! NeoG t MG oGrdGecGhaGi G ! G G G!G G G G Al-Hamra G GAl-GZawG iyGa G G ! Khiyam Al Walid Forcible transfer of Palestinians continues until today, mainly in the Southern District (Beersheba Region), the historical, coastal G G G G GAl-GMuGftskhara ! G G G G G G G Lehavot HaBashan Palestinian towns ("mixed towns") and in the occupied West Bank, in particular in the Israeli-prolaimed “greater Jerusalem”, the Jordan G G G G G G G Merom Golan Yiftah G G G G G G G Valley and the southern Hebron District. -
The Security Fence Around Jerusalem: Implications for the City and Its Residents
The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies Founded by the Charles H. Revson Foundation The Security Fence Around Jerusalem: Implications for the City and its Residents Editor: Israel Kimhi כל הזכויות שמורות למכון ירושלים לחקר ישראל The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies Established by the Charles H. Revson Foundation The Security Fence Around Jerusalem: Implications for the City and Its Residents Editor: Israel Kimhi 2006 כל הזכויות שמורות למכון ירושלים לחקר ישראל The JUS Studies Series, No. Ill The Security Fence Around Jerusalem: Implications for the City and Its Residents Editor: Israel Kimhi Maps: Yair Assaf-Shapira Layout and design: Esti Boehm Production and printing: Hamutal Appel We wish to thank Al Levitt of San Francisco, the Yaakov and Hilda Blaustein Foundation, the Frankel Foundation, the Charles H. Revson Foundation, the New Israel Fund, the Jerusalem Fund and the National Security Council for making this project possible. The views expressed in this book are solely the responsibility of the authors © 2006, The Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies The Hay Elyachar House 20 Radak St., 92186 Jerusalem http://www.jiis.org.il E-mail: [email protected] כל הזכויות שמורות למכון ירושלים לחקר ישראל About the authors Israel Kimhi — Urban planner, senior researcher and Jerusalem Studies Coordinator at the Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies. Headed the Jerusalem Municipality's Policy Planning Division. Lecturer in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Geography Department and at the Institute of Urban and Regional Studies. -
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West Bank Closures
Deir NHidahllaamish (Neve Zuf) Al Mazra'a ash Sharqiya Access to Jerusalem 'Atara L E B A N O N Deir Abu Mash'al Jibiya Ateret 466 Gilgad West Bank Barrier 'Ein Samiya Planned and constructed Burham West Bank Closures - SJhuqbea rusalem Kobar 465 Kafr Malik Netiv Hagedud 60 April 2007 M E D I T E R R A N E A N Qibya Beitillu Abu Shukheidim 'Atara Silwad S E A Jammala Yabrud Shabtin Nehali'el JERUSALEM CLOSURES Bir Zeit 'Ein Siniya Deir 'Ammar Camp Deir 'Ammar Budrus Deir Jarir 449 Niran Checkpoints 13 Nili Jifna Na'ale Dura al Qar' Kokhav Hashahar Partial Checkpoints 1 Al Mazra'a al Qibliya Ofra Roadblocks 4 At Tayba 446 Al 'Auja Road Gates 7 Ni'lin Deir Qaddis Abu Qash Al Jalazun Camp 'Ein Yabrud Kharbatha Bani Harith Yitav Earth Mounds 11 Ras Karkar 466 Al Janiya Bet El Surda Earth Walls 0 Al Midya 455 Talmon W e s t Nilin Rammun 449 B a n k Trenches 0 Rimmonim Modi'in Illit Nahal Zori Bil'in Beitin Road Barriers 0 Hashmon'im Mattityahu 'Ein Qiniya Kafr Ni'ma Dolev 463 a e S Shilat At Tayba Badiw al Mu'arrajat TOTAL 36 Lapid Deir Ibzi' d Bet El DCO Yitav a e Kfar Ruth D Deir Dibwan G a z a 'Ein 'Arik Saffa Al Bireh Nwemeh No'omi S t r i p Ramallah - Al Bireh 458 Beit 'Ur at Tahta Khirbet Kafr Sheiyan Pesagot Burqa Beituniya 90 Makkabim An Nuwei'ma Beit Sira Al Am'ari Camp 457 'Ein ad Duyuk al Fauqa I S R A E L Maccabim Kharbatha al Misbah Beit 'Ur al Fauqa 443 Kochav Ya'akov Beituniya Ma'ale Mikhmas 'Ein as Sultan Camp Beit Horon Kafr 'Aqab Deir Quruntul Mikhmas Beit Liqya At Tira Rafat 'Ein ad Duyuk at Tahta Mitzpe Ilon Qalandiya Camp -
The Ghettoization of Arab Jerusalem Nazmi Al-Ju'be1
The Ghettoization of Arab Jerusalem Nazmi al-Ju'be1 Palestinians and Israelis are exchanging accusations over the outbreak of the current Intifada, and there are international protestations against the mutual violence. At the same time, voices calling for an end to the strategic Israeli violence devouring the land, altering the demography and creating an irreversible impediment to peace have vanished. Some people assume that upcoming negotiations will start from the point where the Camp David and Taba negotiations ended, as if nothing at all has changed. This assumption is unrealistic and ignores the results of the de facto clashes on one hand, and the results of the work of Israeli bulldozers, on the other. Indeed, it may not be an exaggeration to 1 This article is based on the joint work of my colleagues in the Jerusalem Technical Team at the Department of Negotiations. I extend to them my greatest gratitude. 5 Spring.p65 5 13/09/23, 01:31 ã say that it is too late to work towards an regions with a series of settlements in the independent national state with Jerusalem Etzion Bloc. This bloc consists of the as its capital, because a realistic settlement of Bitar Ellit, located between understanding of Israeli activities leads us the Arab communities of Wadi Fukeen and to conclude that Israel is doing its best to Nahhaleen, and inhabited by religious ruin hopes of Palestinian independence, or settlers (followers of the Shas Movement), at least ruin the possibility for the and extending westwards to soon reach the Palestinian state to succeed. -
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Savory Politics : : Land, Memory, and the Ecological Occupation of Palestine Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/485943qz Author Sharif, Lila Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Savory Politics: Land, Memory, and the Ecological Occupation of Palestine A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Sociology and Ethnic Studies by Lila Sharif Committee in charge: Professor Yen Le Espiritu, Co-Chair Professor Ivan Evans, Co-Chair Professor Gary Fields Professor Roshanak Kheshti Professor Adria Imada Professor Richard Madsen 2014 Copyright Lila Sharif, 2014 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Lila Sharif is approved, and is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Co-Chair ________________________________________________________________________ Co-Chair University of California, San Diego 2014 iii DEDICATION For Adib and Salwa, for planting and nourishing my roots. iv -
Shrinking Space: Urban Contraction and Rural Fragmentation in the Bethlehem Governorate
UNITED NATIONS Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs occupied Palestinian territory SPECIAL FOCUS MAY 2009 Photo by Steve Sabella Steve Photo by SHRINKING SPACE: URBAN CONTRACTION AND RURAL FRAGMENTATION IN THE BETHLEHEM GOVERNORATE This report on the Bethlehem governorate docu- plan ning and development at the governorate level. If ments how the central-urban core is constricted by a Barrier construction goes ahead as planned in the west- combination of Israeli infrastructure, including the ern part of the governorate, the rural hinterland will Barrier, selements and selement outposts. In the be cut off, reducing access to land and water resources. eastern governorate, administrative restrictions (Area Some 21,000 Palestinian residents will face additional C, closed military areas and nature reserves) also limit restrictions on access to markets, health services, and the potential for urban expansion, graz ing, and for higher education in the Bethlehem urban area. P. O. Box 38712 East Jerusalem 91386 l tel. +972 (0)2 582 9962 l fax +972 (0)2 582 5841 l [email protected] l www.ochaopt.org TIMELINE 1947: UN Partition Plan envisages Bethle- hem and Jerusalem as belonging to neither the proposed Arab nor Jewish state, but a corpus separatum under international trusteeship. 1948: Bethlehem communities lose land as a result of 1st Arab-Israeli War: three refugee camps set up in Bethlehem for Palestinian refugees. 1967: June War: Israel occupies West Bank. Bethlehem land annexed to the Jerusalem municipal boundary expanded by Israel. Settlement con- struction begins. 1993: General closure imposed on West Bank. Permits required for West Bank ID holders, including residents of Bethlehem, to enter East Jeru- salem & Israel. -
Jerusalem Badiw Al Mu'arrajat Lapid Deir Ibzi' Janu4a55ry 2006
Talmon Bet El Rammun The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concRerinminmg thoen leimgal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Nahal Zori MattityaMhoudi'in Illit 455 UN Office for the CoBoil'irndination of Humanitarian Affairs Beitin Dolev 'Ein Qiniya At Tayba WEST BANK Kafr Ni'ma Bet El DCO West Bank Closures - Jerusalem Badiw al Mu'arrajat Lapid Deir Ibzi' Janu4a55ry 2006 R a m a l l a h 449 Gaza Kfar Ruth R a m a l l a h Deir Dibwan JORDAN No'oImSRAiEL 'Ein 'Arik Ramallah EGYPT Saffa Al Bireh Nwemeh Beit 'Ur at Tahta Khirbet Kafr Sheiyan Pesagot Burqa 60 Makkabim Beituniya Maccabim An Nuwei'ma 3 Beit Sira 457 Al Am'ari Camp 'Ein ad Duyuk al Fauqa Kharbatha al Misbah Beit 'Ur al Fauqa 90 443 Beituniya W E S T B A N K B A R R I E R Ma'ale Mikhmas Kochav Ya'akov 'Ei(np lasn nSeudltan Camp Beit Horon & built) Deir Quruntul Rafat Kafr 'Aqab Beit Liqya At Tira Mikhmas 45 'Ein ad Duyuk at Tahta Jerusalem Airport Qalandiya CamSpha'ar Bunyamin Industrial Zone Giv'at Ze'ev Qalandiya Beit Nuba Qalandiya Jericho (Ariha) Beit Duqqu 437 Al Judeira Jaba' Atarot Jaba' (Tajammu' Badawi) Beit 'Anan Al Jib Atarot Industrial Area 458 Beit Ijza Bir Nabala Geva Binyamin Mevo Horon Ar Ram & Dahiyat al Bareed Giv'on Hahadasha Deir al Qilt Aqbat Jaber Camp Kharayib Umm al Lahim Al Ram Neve Ya'akov Jerusalem Al Qubeiba Governorate -
An Update on Palestinian Movement, Access and Trade in the West Bank and Gaza
World Bank Technical Team Report, August 15, 2006 40461 An Update on Palestinian Movement, Access and Trade in the West Bank and Gaza Summary Public Disclosure Authorized Background This paper provides an updated assessment of movement and access for goods and people in WBG1, which was initiated by the World Bank after the December 2004 Ad Hoc Liaison Committee Meeting when all parties (including the Government of Israel and the Palestinian Authority) agreed that Palestinian economic revival was essential, that it required a major dismantling of today’s closure regime and that closure needed to be addressed from several perspectives at once. In today’s environment of confrontation and heightened risk, movement and access controls have increased and earlier relaxations have been reversed. However, the relationship between Palestinian economic revival and stability and Israeli security remain unarguable and of fundamental importance to both societies’ well-being. Recent initiatives by US-security advisor General Dayton to significantly enhance the security of the Karni crossing between Gaza and Israel in order to ensure an efficient and predicable corridor for trade recognizes this relationship. Public Disclosure Authorized Movement of goods Between Gaza and Israel Growth prospects for the West Bank and Gaza depend critically on its openness to trade. Prior to the Intifada, the flow of cargo into and out of Gaza was largely determined by market demand, with most cargo moving in convoys or through the (then) relatively simple Erez crossing. Today, all cargo flows between Israel and Gaza must be channeled through the Karni crossing point. From a low base of only 43 export trucks per day in the six months prior to the Israeli disengagement from Gaza, actual daily export numbers through mid-June 2006 have fallen to less than 25 trucks a day.