WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNALTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS IRCF REPTILES • VOL15, & N OAMPHIBIANS 4 • DEC 2008 189 • 23(2):93–94 • AUG 2016

IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FEATURE ARTICLES Attempted. Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis Predation catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: on a Smooth-scaled On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: WormA HypotheticalLizard, Excursion ...... Gymnophthalmus Robertunderwoodi W. Henderson 198 (GrantRESEARCH ARTICLES 1958) by a Rainbow Whiptail, . The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ...... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida Cnemidophorus ...... Brian J. Camposano,lemniscatus Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen(Linnaeus M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 2121758)

CONSERVATION ALERT . World’s Mammals in Crisis ...... in Suriname 220 . More Than Mammals ...... 223 . The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ...... Rawien Jairam 225 Vertebrate Department,HUSBANDRY National Zoological Collection of Suriname, Anton de Kom University, Leysweg-86, Suriname ([email protected]) . Captive Care of the Central Netted Dragon ...... Shannon Plummer 226

PROFILE . Kraig Adler: A Lifetime Promoting Herpetology ...... Michael L. Treglia 234 he lizard genus Cnemidophorus (Wagler 1830) comprises by us walking through the trimmed grass field. Closer inspec- COMMENTARY sixteen currently recognized species (Harvey et al. 2012). tion revealed that it had something in its mouth that was still T . The Turtles Have Been Watching Me ...... Eric Gangloff 238 The Rainbow Whiptail (Cnemidophorus lemiscatus) ranges throughout much BOOKof Central REVIEW and northern South America. . Threatened Amphibians of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox, Most prey items taken R.by Berridge, C. lemniscatusP. Ramani, and B.E. are Young invertebrates ...... Robert Powell 243 (Hoogmoed 1973; Avila Pires 1995), but plant material (Vitt et al. 1997; Mijares-Urrutia CONSERVATION et al. 1997), RESEARCH including REPORTS: fruits Summaries (Vitt of Published Conservation Research Reports ...... 245  NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ...... 247 and Carvalho 1995; NEWBRIEFS Vitt et al...... 1997), also are consumed. 248 Although the diet mightEDITORIAL vary seasonally INFORMATION (Mesquita ...... and Colli 251 2003), I found no recordFOCUS ofON C. CONSERVATION lemniscatus :taking A Project any You verteCan Support- ...... 252 brate prey. I herein document the first observed predation attempt by C. lemniscatus on a Smooth-scaled Worm Lizard Front Cover. Shannon Plummer. Back Cover. Michael Kern (Gymnophthalmus underwoodi) onTotat Tonka et velleseque Island audant (4°55'N, mo Totat et velleseque audant mo 55°07'W), located in the Professorestibus inveliquoDr. Ir. velique W. rerchil J. van estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus Blommenstein Lake in Suriname.aut The dolor van apicto Blommenstein invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum Lake, more commonly referred to fugiatisas Lake maionsequat Brokopondo eumque due fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- to its location in the district of Brokopondo,ma derrovitae is voluptam, one of as the quos old - tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as est reservoirs in the tropics (Van deraccullabo. Heide 1982; Mol et al. 2007). The Brokopondo Lake has a surface area of approxi- mately 1,600 km² and contains approximately 1,100 islands (Van der Heide 1982), although this number varies when high water levels “create” new islands or low levels connect islands close to shore with the mainland. Tonka Island, which has been isolated from the mainland for approximately 52 years, is a well-known tourist destination. In addition to accommo- dating tourists, its owner, Frits van Troon, actively promotes biodiversity-related research. The presence of basic accom- modations, a relatively short distance from the capital, and a diversity of habitats make it an ideal location for students. During a fieldtrip in April 2016, I led a group of five Fig. 1. A Rainbow Whiptail (Cnemidophorus lemniscatus; top) and a students conducting a survey of the herpetofauna on the Smooth-scaled Worm Lizard (Gymnophthalmus underwoodi) from Tonka grounds. We noticed a C. lemniscatus apparently disturbed Island, Suriname. Copyright © 2016. Rawien Jairam. All rights reserved. 93 JAIRAM IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 23(2):93–94 • AUG 2016 moving. Approaching carefully, we identified the object as a contents of C. lemniscatus and A. ameiva might determine G. underwoodi, a species we had already documented during whether or not this predation attempt was an isolated event. the morning survey. Although we retreated quietly, the C. lemniscatus, disturbed by our presence, shook the captured G. Acknowledgments underwoodi a few times and then released it. I captured the C. I thank the MSc students of the Institute for Graduate lemniscatus and, after some searching in the grass, spotted the Studies and Research (IGSR) who participated in the survey G. underwoodi, which was collected by one of the students. and kindly provided information on the relative abundance Unfortunately, photographs taken of the C. lemniscatus with of C. lemniscatus and G. underwoodi observed during their the G. underwoodi in its mouth failed to show the predation survey. Vanessa Kadosoe provided the photograph of C. lem- attempt due to distance and the inadequacies of our simple niscatus in Figure 1. camera. After completion of the survey, I placed both indi- viduals in a container hoping that the C. lemniscatus would Literature Cited Avila-Pires, T.C.S. 1995. Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata). resume its efforts to catch the G. underwoodi, but apart from Zoologische Verhandelingen 299: 1–706. biting it a few times, which might have occurred due to the Harvey, M.B., G.N. Ugueto, and R.L. Gutberlet, Jr. 2012. Review of teiid mor- stress of confinement, we observed no other predatory behav- phology with a revised taxonomy and phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: iors. Both specimens were euthanized, fixed in 4% formalin in Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156. Hoogmoed, M.S. 1973. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Surinam IV: The lizards and the field, subsequently transferred to 70% ethanol, and acces- amphisbaenians of Surinam. Biogeographica 4: 1–419. sioned in the National Zoological Collection of Suriname Mesquita, D.O. and G.R. Colli. 2003. Geographical variation in the ecology of (NZCS) as NZCS R683–684. populations of some Brazilian species of Cnemidophorus (Squamata, Teiidae). Copeia 2003: 285–298. One possible explanation for the selection of G. under- Mijares-Urrutia, A., B. Colvee, and R.A. Arends. 1997. Cnemidophorus lemniscatus woodi as prey by C. lemniscatus would be the relative abundance (NCM). Herbivory. Herpetological Review 28: 88. of the former on Tonka Island. During the two-hour survey, Mol, J.H., B.D. Mérona, P.E. Ouboter, and S. Sahdew. 2007. The fish fauna which covered an area of approximately 3.4 ha, we counted 22 of Brokopondo Reservoir, Suriname, during 40 years of impoundment. Neotropical Ichthyology 5: 351–368. C. lemniscatus and 15 G. underwoodi (Fig. 1). The only other Van der Heide, J. 1982. Lake Brokopondo: Filling Phase Limnology of a Man-made lizard species observed were Giant Ameivas (Ameiva ameiva), Lake in the Humid Tropics. Kanters, Alblasserdam, The Netherlands. introduced Tropical House Geckos (Hemidactylus mabouia), Vitt, L.J. and C.M. de Carvalho. 1995. Niche partitioning in a tropical wet season: and Mourning Geckos (Lepidodactylus lugubris). An analysis of Lizards in the lavrado area of northern Brazil. Copeia 1995: 305–329. Vitt, L.J., P.A. Zani, J.P. Caldwell, M.C. de Araujo, and W.E. Magnusson. 1997. the stomach contents of the C. lemniscatus specimen revealed Ecology of whiptail lizards (Cnemidophorus) in the Amazon region of Brazil. only a few invertebrates. Additional examination of stomach Copeia 1997: 745–757.

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