Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Plant Checklist - November 2013

Column Definition

Family The family of plants to which the taxon belongs.

Nomenclature follows that of published volumes of "Flora of North America" (FNA). For those families not yet MN DNR Scientific Name published by FNA, nomenclature follows that of Gleason & Cronquist's "Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Canada".

Common name The preferred MNDNR common name.

B = broadleaf evergreen, D = broadleaf deciduous, E = needleleaf evergreen, G = graminoid, H = forb, L = lichens Physiognomy and moss, C = climber, K = stem succulent, X = epiphyte, F = floating aquatic, S = submerged aquatic

N = native to the state of MN, I = Introduced, U = Native Status Undetermined

State Rarity Status: E = Endangered, T = Threatened, SC = Rarity Status Special Concern, W = Watch List, H = Historical

FN = Federal noxious weed, SN = State prohibited noxious weed, RN = State restricted noxious weed, PI = DNR Invasive Status Prohibited invasive species, PS = State prohibited weed seed, RS = State restricted weed seed

Physiog- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name nomy Status status Status Pinaceae Abies balsamea balsam fir E N Malvaceae Abutilon theophrasti velvet leaf H I Euphorbiaceae Acalypha rhomboidea three-seeded mercury H N Aceraceae Acer ginnala amur maple D I Aceraceae Acer negundo box elder D N Aceraceae Acer negundo var. interius box elder D N Aceraceae Acer negundo var. negundo box elder D N Aceraceae Acer nigrum black maple D N Aceraceae Acer platanoides Norway maple D I Aceraceae Acer rubrum red maple D N Aceraceae Acer saccharinum silver maple D N Aceraceae Acer saccharum sugar maple D N Aceraceae Acer spicatum mountain maple D N Asteraceae Achillea alpina Siberian yarrow H N T Asteraceae Achillea millefolium common yarrow H U Asteraceae Achillea ptarmica pearly yarrow H I Poaceae Achnatherum hymenoides Indian rice grass G N E Acoraceae Acorus americanus sweet flag H N Ranunculaceae Actaea pachypoda white baneberry H N Ranunculaceae Actaea rubra red baneberry H N Pteridaceae Adiantum pedatum maidenhair fern H N Fumariaceae Adlumia fungosa Allegheny vine H N SC Adoxaceae Adoxa moschatellina moschatel H N Apiaceae Aegopodium podagraria goutweed H I Apiaceae Aethusa cynapium fool's-parsley H I Orobanchaceae Agalinis aspera rough false foxglove H N Orobanchaceae Agalinis auriculata eared false foxglove H N E Orobanchaceae Agalinis gattingeri round-stemmed false foxglove H N E Orobanchaceae Agalinis purpurea purple false foxglove H N Orobanchaceae Agalinis purpurea var. parviflora purple false foxglove H N Orobanchaceae Agalinis purpurea var. purpurea purple false foxglove H N W Orobanchaceae Agalinis tenuifolia slender-leaved false foxglove H N Lamiaceae Agastache foeniculum blue giant hyssop H N Lamiaceae Agastache nepetoides yellow giant hyssop H N H Lamiaceae Agastache scrophulariaefolia purple giant hyssop H N Asteraceae Ageratina altissima var. altissima white snakeroot H N Asteraceae Agoseris glauca var. glauca glaucous false dandelion H N Rosaceae Agrimonia gryposepala common agrimony H N Rosaceae Agrimonia pubescens downy agrimony H N Rosaceae Agrimonia striata roadside agrimony H N Poaceae Agropyron cristatum crested wheatgrass G I Caryophyllaceae Agrostemma githago var. githago purple cockle H I Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 1 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Poaceae Agrostis gigantea redtop G I Poaceae Agrostis hyemalis winter bentgrass G N E Poaceae Agrostis perennans autumn bentgrass G N Poaceae Agrostis scabra rough bentgrass G N Poaceae Agrostis stolonifera spreading bentgrass G I Alismataceae Alisma gramineum narrow-leaved water plantain H, S N SC Alismataceae Alisma subcordatum heart-leaved water plantain H N Alismataceae Alisma triviale common water plantain H N Brassicaceae Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard H I SN Liliaceae Allium canadense var. canadense wild garlic H N Liliaceae Allium cernuum nodding wild onion H N SC Liliaceae Allium schoenoprasum wild chives H N E Liliaceae Allium stellatum prairie wild onion H N Liliaceae Allium textile white wild onion H N Liliaceae Allium tricoccum wild leek H N Liliaceae Allium tricoccum var. burdickii Burdick's leek H N Liliaceae Allium tricoccum var. tricoccum wild leek H N Betulaceae Alnus incana subsp. rugosa speckled alder D N Betulaceae Alnus viridis subsp. crispa green alder D N Poaceae Alopecurus aequalis var. aequalis short-awn foxtail G N Poaceae Alopecurus carolinianus Carolina foxtail G N Poaceae Alopecurus geniculatus water foxtail G I Poaceae Alopecurus pratensis meadow foxtail G I Brassicaceae Alyssum alyssoides alyssum H I Amaranthaceae Amaranthus albus tumbleweed amaranth H N Amaranthaceae Amaranthus blitoides prostrate pigweed H I Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus smooth pigweed H I Amaranthaceae Amaranthus powellii Powell's amaranth H I Amaranthaceae Amaranthus retroflexus redroot amaranth H I Amaranthaceae Amaranthus tuberculatus tubercled amaranth H N Asteraceae Ambrosia acanthicarpa annual bursage H I Asteraceae Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed H N Asteraceae Ambrosia psilostachya western ragweed H N Asteraceae Ambrosia trifida great ragweed H N Rosaceae Amelanchier alnifolia saskatoon juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier arborea downy serviceberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier bartramiana northern juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier humilis low juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier interior inland juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier ×intermedia intermediate juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier laevis smooth juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier sanguinea round-leaved juneberry D N Rosaceae Amelanchier spicata creeping juneberry D N Orchidaceae Amerorchis rotundifolia small round-leaved orchis H N Lythraceae Ammannia coccinea ammannia H N Poaceae Ammophila breviligulata subsp. breviligulata beachgrass G N T Fabaceae Amorpha canescens leadplant D N Fabaceae Amorpha fruticosa false indigo D N Fabaceae Amorpha nana fragrant false indigo D N Fabaceae Amphicarpaea bracteata hog peanut H N Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis pimpernel H I Primulaceae Anagallis minima chaffweed H N H Asteraceae Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting H N Boraginaceae Anchusa arvensis alkanet H I Ericaceae Andromeda polifolia var. latifolia bog rosemary B N Poaceae Andropogon gerardii big bluestem G N Primulaceae Androsace occidentalis western androsace H N Primulaceae Androsace septentrionalis northern androsace H N SC Ranunculaceae Anemone acutiloba sharp-lobed hepatica H N Ranunculaceae Anemone americana round-lobed hepatica H N Ranunculaceae Anemone canadensis canada anemone H N Ranunculaceae Anemone caroliniana Carolina thimbleweed H N Ranunculaceae Anemone cylindrica long-headed thimbleweed H N Ranunculaceae Anemone multifida var. multifida cutleaf anemone H U H Ranunculaceae Anemone patens var. multifida pasqueflower H N Ranunculaceae Anemone quinquefolia var. quinquefolia wood anemone H N Ranunculaceae Anemone virginiana tall thimbleweed H N Ranunculaceae Anemone virginiana var. alba tall thimbleweed H N Ranunculaceae Anemone virginiana var. virginiana tall thimbleweed H N Apiaceae Anethum graveolens dill H I Apiaceae Angelica atropurpurea angelica H N Asteraceae Antennaria howellii Howell's pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria howellii subsp. canadensis Howell's pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria howellii subsp. neodioica Howell's pussytoes H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 2 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Asteraceae Antennaria howellii subsp. petaloidea Howell's pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria microphylla tiny-leaved pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria neglecta field pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria parlinii Parlin's pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria parlinii subsp. fallax Parlin's pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria parlinii subsp. parlinii Parlin's pussytoes H N Asteraceae Antennaria parvifolia small-leaved pussytoes H N SC Asteraceae Antennaria plantaginifolia plantain-leaved pussytoes H N Asteraceae Anthemis cotula dog fennel H I Poaceae Anthoxanthum hirtum sweet grass G N Apiaceae Anthriscus sylvestris chervil H I Fabaceae Apios americana groundnut H N Orchidaceae Aplectrum hyemale puttyroot H N Apocynaceae Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane H N Apocynaceae Apocynum cannabinum American hemp H N Apocynaceae Apocynum ×floribundum intermediate dogbane H N Apocynaceae Apocynum sibiricum clasping dogbane H N Ranunculaceae Aquilegia canadensis columbine H N Brassicaceae Arabidopsis lyrata subsp. lyrata lyre-leaved rock cress H N Brassicaceae Arabis laevigata var. laevigata smooth rock cress H N SC Brassicaceae Arabis pycnocarpa var. pycnocarpa hairy rock cress H N Araliaceae Aralia hispida bristly sarsaparilla D N Araliaceae Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla H N Araliaceae Aralia racemosa American spikenard H N Viscaceae Arceuthobium pusillum dwarf mistletoe X N Asteraceae Arctium minus common burdock H I Ericaceae Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry B N Caryophyllaceae Arenaria serpyllifolia var. serpyllifolia thyme-leaved sandwort H I Orchidaceae Arethusa bulbosa dragon's mouth H N Araceae Arisaema dracontium green dragon H N SC Araceae Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit H N Poaceae Aristida basiramea base-branched three-awn G N Poaceae Aristida dichotoma var. curtissii churchmouse three-awn G N Poaceae Aristida longespica var. geniculata slimspike three-awn G N E Poaceae Aristida oligantha prairie three-awn G N Poaceae Aristida purpurea var. longiseta red three-awn G N SC Poaceae Aristida tuberculosa seaside three-awn G N T Brassicaceae Armoracia rusticana horseradish H I Asteraceae Arnica lonchophylla long-leaved arnica H N T Asteraceae Arnoglossum plantagineum tuberous Indian plantain H N T Asteraceae Arnoglossum reniforme great Indian plantain H N T Rosaceae Aronia melanocarpa black chokeberry D N Poaceae Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. elatius tall oat grass G I Asteraceae Artemisia abrotanum southernwood H I Asteraceae Artemisia absinthium absinthe wormwood H I Asteraceae Artemisia biennis biennial wormwood H I Asteraceae Artemisia campestris subsp. caudata field sagewort H N Asteraceae Artemisia dracunculus tarragon H N Asteraceae Artemisia frigida sage wormwood H N Asteraceae Artemisia ludoviciana subsp. ludoviciana white sage H N Asteraceae Artemisia serrata saw-tooth wormwood H N Asteraceae Artemisia vulgaris common wormwood H I Aristolochiaceae Asarum canadense wild ginger H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias amplexicaulis clasping milkweed H N T Asclepiadaceae Asclepias exaltata poke milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias hirtella prairie milkweed H N T Asclepiadaceae Asclepias incarnata var. incarnata swamp milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias lanuginosa woolly milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias ovalifolia oval-leaved milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias purpurascens purple milkweed H N H Asclepiadaceae Asclepias speciosa showy milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias stenophylla narrow-leaved milkweed H N E Asclepiadaceae Asclepias sullivantii Sullivant's milkweed H N T Asclepiadaceae Asclepias syriaca common milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias tuberosa var. interior butterflyweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias verticillata whorled milkweed H N Asclepiadaceae Asclepias viridiflora green milkweed H N Liliaceae Asparagus officinalis asparagus H I Aspleniaceae Asplenium platyneuron ebony spleenwort H N SC Aspleniaceae Asplenium rhizophyllum walking fern H N Aspleniaceae Asplenium trichomanes subsp. trichomanes maidenhair spleenwort H N T Fabaceae Astragalus adsurgens var. robustior prairie milk-vetch H N Fabaceae Astragalus agrestis fieldmilk-vetch H N Fabaceae Astragalus alpinus var. alpinus alpine milk-vetch H N E

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 3 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Fabaceae Astragalus canadensis Canada milk-vetch H N Fabaceae Astragalus crassicarpus var. crassicarpus ground plum H N Fabaceae Astragalus flexuosus var. flexuosus slender milk-vetch H N SC Fabaceae Astragalus lotiflorus lotus milk-vetch H N Fabaceae Astragalus missouriensis var. missouriensis Missouri milk-vetch H N SC Fabaceae Astragalus neglectus Cooper's milk-vetch H N Fabaceae Astragalus racemosus var. racemosus racemose milk-vetch H N H Fabaceae Astragalus tenellus loose-flowered milk-vetch H N H Dryopteridaceae Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum lady fern H N Chenopodiaceae Atriplex patula spearscale H I Chenopodiaceae Atriplex prostrata thinleaf orach H N Scrophulariaceae Aureolaria grandiflora var. pulchra large-flowered false foxglove H N H Scrophulariaceae Aureolaria pedicularia fernleaf false foxglove H N T Poaceae Avena fatua wild oats G I Poaceae Avena sativa cultivated oats G I Poaceae Avenula hookeri spike oat G N SC Chenopodiaceae Axyris amaranthoides Russian pigweed H I Azollaceae Azolla mexicana Mexican mosquito-fern H N SC Scrophulariaceae Bacopa rotundifolia water-hyssop H N T Fabaceae Baptisia bracteata var. glabrescens plains wild indigo H N SC Fabaceae Baptisia lactea var. lactea white wild indigo H N SC Brassicaceae Barbarea orthoceras winter-cress H I Brassicaceae Barbarea vulgaris yellow rocket H I Gentianaceae Bartonia virginica yellow bartonia H N E Poaceae Beckmannia syzigachne American slough grass G N Berberidaceae Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry D I Berberidaceae Berberis vulgaris common barberry D I Brassicaceae Berteroa incana hoary alyssum H I RS Apiaceae Berula erecta stream parsnip H N SC Scrophulariaceae Besseya bullii kitten-tails H N T Betulaceae Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch D N Betulaceae Betula cordifolia heart-leaved birch D N Betulaceae Betula nigra river birch D N Betulaceae Betula papyrifera paper birch D N Betulaceae Betula pumila bog birch D N Betulaceae Betula ×purpusii Purpus' birch D N Betulaceae Betula ×rosendahlii Rosendahl's birch D N Betulaceae Betula ×sandbergii Sandberg's birch D N Asteraceae Bidens beckii water marigold F, H, S N Asteraceae Bidens cernua nodding bur marigold H N Asteraceae Bidens connata swamp beggarticks H N Asteraceae Bidens discoidea discoid beggarticks H N SC Asteraceae Bidens frondosa leafy beggarticks H N Asteraceae Bidens trichosperma showy beggarticks H N Asteraceae Bidens tripartita tufted beggarticks H N Asteraceae Bidens vulgata common beggarticks H N Polygonaceae Bistorta vivipara alpine bistort H N T Lamiaceae Blephilia hirsuta woodmint H N Lamiaceae Blephilia subnuda Cumberland pagoda plant H I Brassicaceae Boechera canadensis sicklepod H N Brassicaceae Boechera collinsii Collins' rockcress H N H Brassicaceae Boechera dentata stellate rock cress H N Brassicaceae Boechera grahamii spreading rock cress H N Brassicaceae Boechera missouriensis green rockcress H N Brassicaceae Boechera retrofracta Holboell's rock cress H N T Brassicaceae Boechera stricta Drummond's rock cress H N Urticaceae Boehmeria cylindrica false nettle H N Cyperaceae Bolboschoenus fluviatilis river bulrush G N Cyperaceae Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. paludosus prairie bulrush G N Asteraceae Boltonia asteroides false aster H N Asteraceae Boltonia asteroides var. latisquama false aster H N Asteraceae Boltonia asteroides var. recognita false aster H N Ophioglossaceae Botrychium acuminatum tailed grapefern H N SC Ophioglossaceae Botrychium ascendens upswept moonwort H N E Ophioglossaceae Botrychium campestre prairie moonwort H N SC Botrychium crenulatum dainty moonwort H N Ophioglossaceae Botrychium dissectum dissected grapefern H N Ophioglossaceae Botrychium gallicomontanum Frenchman's bluff moonwort H N E Ophioglossaceae Botrychium lanceolatum subsp. angustisegmentum narrow triangle moonwort H N T Ophioglossaceae Botrychium lineare slender moonwort H N E Ophioglossaceae Botrychium lunaria common moonwort H N T Ophioglossaceae Botrychium matricariifolium matricary grapefern H N Ophioglossaceae Botrychium michiganense Michigan moonwort H N W Ophioglossaceae Botrychium minganense Mingan moonwort H N SC

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 4 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Ophioglossaceae Botrychium mormo goblin fern H N T Ophioglossaceae Botrychium multifidum leathery grapefern H N Ophioglossaceae Botrychium oneidense blunt-lobed grapefern H N T Ophioglossaceae Botrychium pallidum pale moonwort H N SC Ophioglossaceae Botrychium rugulosum St. Lawrence grapefern H N SC Ophioglossaceae Botrychium simplex least moonwort H N SC Ophioglossaceae Botrychium spathulatum spatulate moonwort H N E Ophioglossaceae Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern H N Poaceae Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula side-oats grama G N Poaceae Bouteloua gracilis blue grama G N Poaceae Bouteloua hirsuta var. hirsuta hairy grama G N Poaceae Brachyelytrum aristosum northern shorthusk G N Poaceae Brachyelytrum erectum bearded shorthusk G N Cabombaceae Brasenia schreberi watershield F, H N Brassicaceae Brassica juncea Indian mustard H I Brassicaceae Brassica nigra black mustard H I Brassicaceae Brassica rapa field mustard H I Asteraceae Brickellia eupatorioides var. corymbulosa false boneset H N Poaceae Bromus ciliatus fringed brome G N Poaceae Bromus inermis smooth brome G I Poaceae Bromus japonicus Japenese brome G I Poaceae Bromus kalmii Kalm's brome G N Poaceae Bromus latiglumis broad-glumed brome G N Poaceae Bromus pubescens hairy brome G N Poaceae Bromus secalinus rye brome G I Poaceae Bromus tectorum cheatgrass G I Poaceae Buchloe dactyloides buffalo grass G N SC Cyperaceae Bulbostylis capillaris densetuft hairsedge G N Butomaceae Butomus umbellatus flowering rush H I PI Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis bluejoint G N Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis var. canadensis bluejoint G N Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis var. langsdorfii bluejoint G N Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis var. macouniana G N Poaceae Calamagrostis lacustris narrow reedgrass G N SC Poaceae Calamagrostis montanensis Plains reedgrass G N SC Poaceae Calamagrostis purpurascens purple reedgrass G N E Poaceae Calamagrostis stricta slimstem reedgrass G N Poaceae Calamagrostis stricta subsp. inexpansa G N Poaceae Calamagrostis stricta subsp. stricta narrow reedgrass G N Poaceae Calamovilfa longifolia var. longifolia prairie sandreed G N Araceae Calla palustris wild calla H N Callitrichaceae Callitriche hermaphroditica autumn water starwort F, H N Callitrichaceae Callitriche heterophylla larger water starwort F, H N T Callitrichaceae Callitriche palustris spring water starwort F, H N Orchidaceae Calopogon oklahomensis Oklahoma grass pink H N H Orchidaceae Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus tuberous grass pink H N Ranunculaceae Caltha natans floating marsh marigold H N E Ranunculaceae Caltha palustris common marsh marigold H N Onagraceae Calylophus serrulatus toothed evening primrose H N Orchidaceae Calypso bulbosa var. americana fairy slipper H N Convolvulaceae Calystegia sepium hedge bindweed H N Convolvulaceae Calystegia spithamaea upright bindweed H N Brassicaceae Camelina alyssum European false flax H I Brassicaceae Camelina microcarpa small-seeded false flax H I Brassicaceae Camelina sativa large-seeded false flax H I Campanulaceae Campanula americana tall bellflower H N Campanulaceae Campanula aparinoides marsh bellflower H N Campanulaceae Campanula aparinoides var. aparinoides marsh bellflower H N Campanulaceae Campanula aparinoides var. grandiflora marsh bellflower H N Campanulaceae Campanula cervicaria bristly bluebells H I Campanulaceae Campanula rapunculoides European bellflower H I Campanulaceae Campanula rotundifolia harebell H N Asteraceae Canadanthus modestus modest aster H N W Cannabaceae Cannabis sativa marijuana H I PS Brassicaceae Capsella bursa-pastoris shepherd's-purse H I Fabaceae Caragana arborescens Siberian peashrub D I Brassicaceae Cardamine bulbosa spring cress H N Brassicaceae Cardamine concatenata cut-leaved toothwort H N Brassicaceae Cardamine impatiens narrowleaf bittercress H N Brassicaceae Cardamine parviflora small-flowered bitter cress H N Brassicaceae Cardamine pensylvanica Pensylvania bitter cress H N Brassicaceae Cardamine pratensis cuckoo flower H N T Asteraceae Carduus acanthoides subsp. acanthoides plumeless thistle H I SN,PS Asteraceae Carduus nutans nodding thistle H I SN,PS

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 5 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Cyperaceae Carex adusta browned sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex albursina white bear sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex alopecoidea foxtail sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex annectens yellow-fruit sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex aquatilis aquatic sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex aquatilis var. aquatilis aquatic sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex aquatilis var. substricta aquatic sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex arcta northern clustered sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex arctata drooping wood sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex assiniboinensis assiniboine sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex atherodes slough sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex aurea golden-fruited sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex backii Back's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex bebbii Bebb's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex bicknellii Bicknell's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex blanda charming sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex brevior short sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex bromoides subsp. bromoides brome-like sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex brunnescens brownish sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens brownish sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex brunnescens subsp. sphaerostachya brownish sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex buxbaumii Buxbaum's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex canescens silvery sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex canescens subsp. canescens silvery sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex canescens subsp. disjuncta silvery sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex capillaris hair-like sedge G N W Cyperaceae Carex careyana Carey's sedge G N E Cyperaceae Carex castanea chestnut-colored sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex cephaloidea cluster bracted sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex cephalophora oval-headed sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex chordorrhiza creeping sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex communis var. communis colonial sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex comosa bristly sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex conjuncta jointed sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex conoidea field sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex crawei Crawe's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex crawfordii Crawford's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex crinita var. crinita fringe sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex cristatella crested sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex crus-corvi raven's foot sedge G N H Cyperaceae Carex cryptolepis cryptic sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex davisii Davis' sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex debilis var. rudgei weak sedge G N W Cyperaceae Carex deflexa var. deflexa northern sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex deweyana var. deweyana Dewey's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex diandra lesser panicled sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex disperma soft-leaved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex duriuscula spike rush sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex eburnea ivory sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex echinata subsp. echinata slender sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex emoryi Emory's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex exilis coastal sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex festucacea fescue sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex filifolia var. filifolia thread-leaved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex flava yellow sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex foenea hay sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex formosa handsome sedge G N E Cyperaceae Carex garberi Garber's sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex gracillima graceful sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex granularis granular sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex gravida heavy sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex grayi Gray's sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex grisea ambiguous sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex gynandra nodding sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex gynocrates feminine sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex hallii Hall's sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex haydenii Hayden's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex hirtifolia hairy-leaved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex hitchcockiana Hitchcock's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex hookerana Hooker's sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex houghtoniana Houghton's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex hystericina porcupine sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex inops subsp. heliophila sun-loving sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex interior interior sedge G N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 6 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Cyperaceae Carex intumescens bladder sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex jamesii James' sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex ×knieskernii Kniekern's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex lacustris lake sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex laeviconica smooth-cone sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex laevivaginata smooth-sheathed sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex lasiocarpa subsp. americana fen wiregrass sedge G N Carex laxiculmis var. copulata spreading sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex lenticularis var. lenticularis lenticular sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex leptalea bristle-stalked sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex leptonervia fine-nerved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex limosa candle-lantern sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex livida lead-colored sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex lucorum var. lucorum Blue Ridge sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex lupulina hop umbrella sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex lurida sallow sedge G N W Cyperaceae Carex magellanica subsp. irrigua poor sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex meadii Mead's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex media intermediate sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex merritt-fernaldii Fernald's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex michauxiana Michaux's sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex molesta troublesome sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex muehlenbergii Muhlenberg's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex muehlenbergii var. enervis Muehlenberg's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex muehlenbergii var. muehlenbergii Muhlenberg's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex muskingumensis Muskingum sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex normalis right-angle sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex novae-angliae New England sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex obtusata blunt sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex oligocarpa few-fruited sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex oligosperma bog wiregrass sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex ormostachya necklace sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex pallescens pale sedge G N E Cyperaceae Carex pauciflora few-flowered sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex peckii Peck's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex pedunculata long-stalked sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex pellita woolly sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex plantaginea plantain-leaved sedge G N E Cyperaceae Carex praegracilis very slender sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex prairea prairie sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex praticola prairie-dweller sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex projecta projecting sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex pseudocyperus cyperus sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex radiata eastern star sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex retrorsa retrorse sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex richardsonii Richardson's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex rosea starry sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex rossii Ross' sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex rostrata beaked sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex sartwellii Sartwell's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex saximontana Rocky Mountain sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex scirpoidea subsp. scirpoidea northern single-spike sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex scoparia var. scoparia pointed broom sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex siccata dry spike sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex sparganioides bur-reed sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex sprengelii Sprengel's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex sterilis sterile sedge G N T Cyperaceae Carex stipata var. stipata awl-fruited sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex stricta tussock sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex supina subsp. spaniocarpa weak arctic sedge G N E Cyperaceae Carex sychnocephala many-headed sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tenera marsh straw sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tenera var. echinodes marsh straw sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tenera var. tenera marsh straw sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tenuiflora sparse-flowered sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tetanica rigid sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tonsa shaved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tonsa var. rugosperma shaved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tonsa var. tonsa shaved sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex torreyi Torrey's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex tribuloides var. tribuloides blunt broom sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex trichocarpa hairy-fruited sedge G N W Cyperaceae Carex trisperma three-seeded bog sedge G N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 7 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Cyperaceae Carex tuckermanii Tuckerman's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex typhina cattail sedge G N SC Cyperaceae Carex umbellata umbel sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex utriculata beaked sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex vaginata sheathed sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex vesicaria inflated sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex viridula var. viridula green sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex vulpinoidea fox sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex woodii Wood's sedge G N Cyperaceae Carex xerantica dry sedge G N SC Betulaceae Carpinus caroliniana subsp. virginiana blue beech D N Apiaceae Carum carvi caraway H I Juglandaceae Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory D N Juglandaceae Carya ovata var. ovata shagbark hickory D N Scrophulariaceae Castilleja coccinea Indian paintbrush H N Scrophulariaceae Castilleja septentrionalis northern paintbrush H N E Scrophulariaceae Castilleja sessiliflora downy paintbrush H N Bignoniaceae Catalpa speciosa cigar tree D I Berberidaceae Caulophyllum thalictroides blue cohosh H N Rhamnaceae Ceanothus americanus var. pitcheri American New Jersey tea D N Rhamnaceae Ceanothus herbaceus oval-leaved New Jersey tea D N Celastraceae Celastrus orbiculatus Asian bittersweet C I SN Celastraceae Celastrus scandens climbing bittersweet C N Ulmaceae Celtis occidentalis hackberry D N Poaceae Cenchrus longispinus sandbur G N Poaceae Cenchrus spinifex coastal sandbur G N Asteraceae Centaurea cyanus cornflower H I Centaurea jacea brown knapweed H I Asteraceae Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos spotted knapweed H I SN Rubiaceae Cephalanthus occidentalis buttonbush D N Caryophyllaceae Cerastium arvense field chickweed H N Caryophyllaceae Cerastium arvense subsp. arvense field chickweed H I Caryophyllaceae Cerastium arvense subsp. strictum field chickweed H N Caryophyllaceae Cerastium brachypodum short-stalked chickweed H N Caryophyllaceae Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare mouse-ear chickweed H I Caryophyllaceae Cerastium nutans var. nutans nodding chickweed H N Ceratophyllaceae Ceratophyllum demersum common coontail S, H N Ceratophyllaceae Ceratophyllum echinatum spiny coontail S, H N W Scrophulariaceae Chaenorrhinum minus dwarf snapdragon H I Caesalpiniaceae Chamaecrista fasciculata partridge pea H N Ericaceae Chamaedaphne calyculata leatherleaf B N Rosaceae Chamaerhodos erecta Nuttall's groundrose H N Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce missurica Missouri spurge H N SC Pteridaceae Cheilanthes feei slender lip fern H N Papaveraceae Chelidonium majus celandine H I Scrophulariaceae Chelone glabra white turtlehead H N Scrophulariaceae Chelone obliqua purple turtlehead H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium album white lamb's quarters H I Amaranthaceae Chenopodium berlandieri pitseed goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium berlandieri var. bushianum pitseed goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium berlandieri var. zschackei pitseed goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium capitatum var. capitatum strawberry blite H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium desiccatum narrow-leaved lamb's quarters H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium glaucum oak-leaved goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium glaucum var. glaucum oak-leaved goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium glaucum var. salinum oak-leaved goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium pratericola desert goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium rubrum alkali blite H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium rubrum var. humile alkali blite H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium rubrum var. rubrum alkali blite H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium simplex maple-leaved goosefoot H N Amaranthaceae Chenopodium standleyanum woodland goosefoot H N Pyrolaceae Chimaphila umbellata subsp. umbellata pipsissewa B N Saxifragaceae Chrysosplenium americanum American golden saxifrage H N Saxifragaceae Chrysosplenium iowense Iowa golden saxifrage H N E Asteraceae Cichorium intybus chicory H I Apiaceae Cicuta bulbifera bulb-bearing water hemlock H N Apiaceae Cicuta maculata var. maculata spotted water hemlock H N Poaceae Cinna arundinacea stout woodreed G N Poaceae Cinna latifolia drooping woodreed G N Onagraceae Circaea alpina var. alpina alpine enchanter's nightshade H N Onagraceae Circaea ×intermedia hybrid enchanter's nightshade H N Onagraceae Circaea lutetiana var. canadensis common enchanter's nightshade H N Asteraceae Cirsium altissimum tall thistle H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 8 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Asteraceae Cirsium arvense Canada thistle H I SN,PS Asteraceae Cirsium discolor field thistle H N Asteraceae Cirsium flodmanii Flodman's thistle H N Asteraceae Cirsium muticum swamp thistle H N Asteraceae Cirsium pumilum var. hillii Hill's thistle H N SC Asteraceae Cirsium vulgare bull thistle H I PS Cyperaceae Cladium mariscoides twig rush G N SC Portulacaceae Claytonia caroliniana Carolina spring beauty H N Portulacaceae Claytonia virginica Virginia spring beauty H N Ranunculaceae Clematis occidentalis var. occidentalis clematis H N Ranunculaceae Clematis virginiana virgin's bower H N Liliaceae Clintonia borealis bluebead lily H N Orchidaceae Coeloglossum viride long-bracted orchid H N Polemoniaceae Collomia linearis linear-leaved collomia H N Santalaceae Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax H N Santalaceae Comandra umbellata var. pallida bastard toadflax H N Santalaceae Comandra umbellata var. umbellata bastard toadflax H N Commelinaceae Commelina erecta slender dayflower H N E Myricaceae Comptonia peregrina sweet fern D N Apiaceae Conium maculatum poison hemlock H I Brassicaceae Conringia orientalis hare's ear mustard H I Convolvulaceae Convolvulus arvensis field bindweed H I PS Asteraceae Conyza canadensis horseweed H N Asteraceae Conyza ramosissima spreading fleabane H N Ranunculaceae Coptis trifolia goldthread H N Orchidaceae Corallorhiza maculata spotted coralroot H N Orchidaceae Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata spotted coralroot H N Orchidaceae Corallorhiza maculata var. occidentalis spotted coralroot H N Orchidaceae Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odontorhiza autumn coralroot H N Orchidaceae Corallorhiza striata var. striata striped coralroot H N Orchidaceae Corallorhiza trifida early coralroot H N Asteraceae Coreopsis lanceolata lance-leaved coreopsis H I Asteraceae Coreopsis palmata bird's foot coreopsis H N Asteraceae Coreopsis tinctoria plains coreopsis H I Chenopodiaceae Corispermum americanum var. americanum American bugseed H N Chenopodiaceae Corispermum pallasii hyssop-leaved bugseed H I Chenopodiaceae Corispermum villosum eastern bugseed H N W Cornaceae Cornus alternifolia pagoda dogwood D N Cornaceae Cornus amomum var. schuetzeana silky dogwood D N Cornaceae Cornus canadensis bunchberry H N Cornaceae Cornus racemosa gray dogwood D N Cornaceae Cornus rugosa round-leaved dogwood D N Cornaceae Cornus sericea red-osier dogwood D N Fabaceae Coronilla varia crownvetch H I Fumariaceae Corydalis aurea var. aurea golden corydalis H N Fumariaceae Corydalis micrantha var. micrantha slender fumewort H N Fumariaceae Corydalis sempervirens pale corydalis H N Betulaceae Corylus americana American hazelnut D N Betulaceae Corylus cornuta subsp. cornuta beaked hazelnut D N Asteraceae Cota tinctoria golden marguerite H I Crassulaceae Crassula aquatica water pygmyweed H N T Rosaceae Crataegus calpodendron late hawthorn D N SC Rosaceae Crataegus chrysocarpa fireberry hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus coccinea scarlet hawthorn D N H Rosaceae Crataegus douglasii black hawthorn D N SC Rosaceae Crataegus flabellata fanleaf hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus macracantha large-thorned hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus macrosperma bigfruit hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus mollis downy hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus punctata dotted hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus scabrida rough-leaved hawthorn D N H Rosaceae Crataegus sheridana Sheridan's hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus submollis Quebec hawthorn D N Rosaceae Crataegus succulenta fleshy hawthorn D N Asteraceae Crepis runcinata subsp. runcinata incised hawk's beard H N Asteraceae Crepis tectorum yellow hawk's beard H I Fabaceae Crotalaria sagittalis rattlebox H N SC Euphorbiaceae Croton glandulosus northern croton H I Pteridaceae Cryptogramma stelleri slender cliff brake H N Apiaceae Cryptotaenia canadensis honewort H N Cuscutaceae Cuscuta cephalanthi buttonbush dodder H N Cuscutaceae Cuscuta coryli hazel dodder H N Cuscutaceae Cuscuta glomerata aster dodder H N Cuscutaceae Cuscuta gronovii var. gronovii swamp dodder H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 9 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Cuscutaceae Cuscuta indecora collared dodder H N Cuscutaceae Cuscuta megalocarpa large-fruit dodder H N H Cuscutaceae Cuscuta obtusiflora var. glandulosa southern dodder H N H Cuscutaceae Cuscuta pentagona bur clover dodder H N Cuscutaceae Cuscuta polygonorum smartweed dodder H N H Asteraceae Cyclachaena xanthifolia marsh elder H N Chenopodiaceae Cycloloma atriplicifolium winged pigweed H N Apiaceae Cymopterus glomeratus plains spring parsley H N SC Boraginaceae Cynoglossum officinale hound's tongue H I Boraginaceae Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale wild comfrey H N Cyperaceae Cyperus acuminatus short-pointed umbrella sedge G N T Cyperaceae Cyperus bipartitus brook nut sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus diandrus sedge galingale G N Cyperaceae Cyperus erythrorhizos red-rooted cyperus G N Cyperaceae Cyperus esculentus var. leptostachyus cocoa cyperus G I Cyperaceae Cyperus fuscus brown flatsedge G I Cyperaceae Cyperus houghtonii Houghton's cyperus G N W Cyperaceae Cyperus lupulinus slender nut sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus lupulinus subsp. lupulinus slender nut sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus lupulinus subsp. macilentus slender nut sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus ×mesochorus Midland sand sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus odoratus fragrant cyperus G N Cyperaceae Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz's nut sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus squarrosus awned umbrella sedge G N Cyperaceae Cyperus strigosus straw-colored umbrella sedge G N Orchidaceae Cypripedium acaule stemless lady's slipper H N Orchidaceae Cypripedium ×andrewsii Andrew's lady's slipper H N Orchidaceae Cypripedium arietinum ram's head orchid H N T Orchidaceae Cypripedium candidum small white lady's slipper H N SC Orchidaceae Cypripedium parviflorum yellow lady's slipper H N Orchidaceae Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin yellow lady's slipper H N Orchidaceae Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens yellow lady's slipper H N Orchidaceae Cypripedium reginae showy lady's slipper H N Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris bulbifera bulblet fern H N Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris fragilis fragile fern H N Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris laurentiana hybrid bladder fern H N W Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris protrusa protruding fragile fern H N Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris tennesseensis Tennessee bladder fern H N W Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris tenuis Macay's brittle fern H N Poaceae Dactylis glomerata orchard grass G I Fabaceae Dalea candida white prairie clover H N Fabaceae Dalea candida var. candida white prairie clover H N Fabaceae Dalea candida var. oligophylla western white prairie clover H N SC Fabaceae Dalea leporina foxtail dalea H N Fabaceae Dalea purpurea var. purpurea purple prairie clover H N Fabaceae Dalea villosa var. villosa silky prairie clover H N Poaceae Danthonia spicata poverty grass G N Rosaceae Dasiphora fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil D N Solanaceae Datura stramonium jimsonweed H I Solanaceae Datura wrightii angel's trumpet H I Apiaceae Daucus carota Queen Anne's lace H I Lythraceae Decodon verticillatus var. laevigatus waterwillow H N SC Ranunculaceae Delphinium carolinianum subsp. virescens Carolina delphinium H N Dryopteridaceae Deparia acrostichoides silvery spleenwort H N SC Poaceae Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa tufted hair grass G N Poaceae Deschampsia flexuosa slender hair grass G N T Brassicaceae Descurainia incana Richardson's tansy mustard H N H Brassicaceae Descurainia pinnata subsp. brachycarpa pinnate tansy mustard H N Brassicaceae Descurainia sophia herb sophia H I Mimosaceae Desmanthus illinoensis prairie mimosa H N SC Fabaceae Desmodium canadense Canada tick trefoil H N Fabaceae Desmodium cuspidatum var. longifolium big tick trefoil H N T Fabaceae Desmodium glutinosum pointed-leaved tick trefoil H N Fabaceae Desmodium illinoense Illinois tick trefoil H N Fabaceae Desmodium nudiflorum stemless tick trefoil H N T Caryophyllaceae Dianthus armeria subsp. armeria Deptford pink H I Poaceae Diarrhena obovata obovate beakgrain G N E Fumariaceae Dicentra canadensis squirrel corn H N SC Fumariaceae Dicentra cucullaria dutchman's breeches H N Poaceae Dichanthelium aciculare subsp. angustifolium narrow-leaved panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium acuminatum hairy panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. fasciculatum hairy panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. implicatum hairy panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium acuminatum subsp. lindheimeri hairy panic grass G N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 10 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Poaceae Dichanthelium boreale northern panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium depauperatum poor panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium latifolium broad-leaved panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium leibergii Leiberg's panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium linearifolium linear-leaved panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium oligosanthes Scribner's panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium oligosanthes subsp. oligosanthes Scribner's panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium oligosanthes subsp. scribnerianum Scribner's panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium ovale long-haired panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium ovale subsp. praecocius long-haired panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium ovale subsp. pseudopubescens white-haired panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium ovale subsp. villosissimum long-haired panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium perlongum long-stalked panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium wilcoxianum Wilcox's panic grass G N Poaceae Dichanthelium xanthophysum yellow panic grass G N Lythraceae Didiplis diandra water purslane H N H Caprifoliaceae Diervilla lonicera bush honeysuckle D N Scrophulariaceae Digitalis grandiflora yellow foxglove H I Scrophulariaceae Digitalis lanata Grecian floxglove H I SN Poaceae Digitaria cognata fall witch grass G N Poaceae Digitaria ischaemum smooth crabgrass G I Poaceae Digitaria sanguinalis hairy crabgrass G I Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea villosa wild yam H N Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum complanatum northern groundcedar H N Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum complanatum × digitatum running-pine H N Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum digitatum southern groundcedar H N Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum ×habereri Haberer's groundcedar H N Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum tristachyum wirey groundcedar H N Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum ×zeilleri Zeiller's groundcedar H N Dryopteridaceae Diplazium pycnocarpon narrow-leaved spleenwort H N T Dipsacaceae Dipsacus laciniatus teasel H I Thymelaeaceae Dirca palustris leatherwood D N Poaceae Distichlis spicata salt grass G N Primulaceae Dodecatheon amethystinum jeweled shooting star H N W Primulaceae Dodecatheon meadia prairie shooting star H N E Asteraceae Doellingeria umbellata flat-topped aster H N Asteraceae Doellingeria umbellata var. pubens flat-topped aster H N Asteraceae Doellingeria umbellata var. umbellata flat-topped aster H N Brassicaceae Draba arabisans Arabian whitlow grass H N SC Brassicaceae Draba cana hoary whitlow grass H N E Brassicaceae Draba nemorosa yellow whitlow grass H N Brassicaceae Draba norvegica Norwegian whitlow grass H N E Brassicaceae Draba reptans Carolina whitlow grass H N Lamiaceae Dracocephalum parviflorum dragonhead H N Droseraceae Drosera anglica English sundew H N SC Droseraceae Drosera intermedia spatulate-leaved sundew H N Droseraceae Drosera linearis linear-leaved sundew H N SC Droseraceae Drosera ×obovata obovate-leaved sundew H N Droseraceae Drosera rotundifolia round-leaved sundew H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris ×boottii Boott's shield fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose shield fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris cristata crested fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris expansa spreading wood fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris fragrans fragrant fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's fern H N SC Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris intermedia glandular wood fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris marginalis marginal shield fern H N E Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris ×triploidea triploid shield fern H N Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris ×uliginosa swamp shield fern H N Cyperaceae Dulichium arundinaceum var. arundinaceum three-way sedge G N Chenopodiaceae Dysphania botrys Jerusalem oak H I Asteraceae Dyssodia papposa fetid marigold H I H Asteraceae Echinacea angustifolia narrow-leaved purple coneflower H N Poaceae Echinochloa crus-galli cockspur barnyard grass G I Poaceae Echinochloa muricata rough barnyard grass G N Poaceae Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya rough barnyard grass G N Poaceae Echinochloa muricata var. muricata rough barnyard grass G N Poaceae Echinochloa walteri Walter's barnyard grass G N Cucurbitaceae Echinocystis lobata wild cucumber H N Boraginaceae Echium vulgare blue weed H I Asteraceae Eclipta prostrata yerba de tajo H I Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive D I Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus commutata silverberry D N Elatinaceae Elatine minima small waterwort S, H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 11 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Elatinaceae Elatine triandra three-stamened waterwort S, H N SC Cyperaceae Eleocharis acicularis least spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis coloradoensis dwarf spikerush G N SC Cyperaceae Eleocharis compressa flattened spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis compressa var. acutisquamata flattened spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis compressa var. compressa flattened spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis elliptica elliptic spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann's spikerush G N W Cyperaceae Eleocharis erythropoda bald spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis flavescens var. olivacea olivaceous spikerush G N T Cyperaceae Eleocharis intermedia intermediate spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis macrostachya large-spike spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis nitida neat spikerush G N SC Cyperaceae Eleocharis obtusa blunt spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis ovata ovoid spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis palustris marsh spikerush G N Cyperaceae Eleocharis quinqueflora few-flowered spikerush G N SC Cyperaceae Eleocharis robbinsii Robbins' spikerush G N T Cyperaceae Eleocharis rostellata beaked spikerush G N T Cyperaceae Eleocharis wolfii Wolf's spikerush G N E Hydrophyllaceae Ellisia nyctelea ellisia H N Hydrocharitaceae Elodea bifoliata two leaf waterweed S, H N E Hydrocharitaceae Elodea canadensis Canadian elodea S, H N Hydrocharitaceae Elodea nuttallii Nuttall's elodea S, H N Poaceae ×Elyhordeum macounii Macoun's barley G N Poaceae Elymus canadensis var. canadensis nodding wild rye G N Poaceae Elymus curvatus awnless wild rye G N Poaceae Elymus diversiglumis interrupted wild rye G N Poaceae Elymus hystrix bottlebrush grass G N Poaceae Elymus repens quackgrass G I RS Poaceae Elymus trachycaulus G N Poaceae Elymus trachycaulus subsp. subsecundus unilateral wheatgrass G N Poaceae Elymus trachycaulus subsp. trachycaulus slender wheatgrass G N Poaceae Elymus villosus downy wild rye G N Poaceae Elymus virginicus var. virginicus Virginia wild rye G N Poaceae Elymus wiegandii Weigand's wild rye G N Empetraceae Empetrum atropurpureum purple crowberry B N E Empetraceae Empetrum nigrum black crowberry B N E Ranunculaceae Enemion biternatum false rue anemone H N Ericaceae Epigaea repens trailing arbutus B N Onagraceae Epilobium angustifolium fireweed H N Onagraceae Epilobium angustifolium var. angustifolium fireweed H N Onagraceae Epilobium angustifolium var. canescens fireweed H N Onagraceae Epilobium ciliatum var. ciliatum American willow herb H N Onagraceae Epilobium coloratum purple-leaved willow herb H N Onagraceae Epilobium glandulosum northern willow herb H N Onagraceae Epilobium leptophyllum linear-leaved willow herb H N Onagraceae Epilobium palustre marsh willow herb H N Onagraceae Epilobium strictum downy willow herb H N Onagraceae Epilobium ×wisconsinense Wisconsin willow herb H N Orchidaceae Epipactis helleborine helleborine H I Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense field horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum ×ferrissii Ferriss' scouring rush H N Equisetaceae Equisetum fluviatile water horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum hyemale subsp. affine tall scouring rush H N Equisetaceae Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring rush H N Equisetaceae Equisetum ×litorale shallow-water horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum ×mackaii Mack's horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum ×nelsonii Nelson's scouring rush H N Equisetaceae Equisetum palustre marsh horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum pratense meadow horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum scirpoides dwarf scouring rush H N Equisetaceae Equisetum sylvaticum woodland horsetail H N Equisetaceae Equisetum variegatum subsp. variegatum variegated scouring rush H N Poaceae Eragrostis cilianensis stink grass G I Poaceae Eragrostis frankii Frank's lovegrass G N Poaceae Eragrostis hypnoides creeping lovegrass G N Poaceae Eragrostis minor little lovegrass G I Poaceae Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea tufted lovegrass G N Poaceae Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass G N Poaceae Eragrostis trichodes sand lovegrass G I Asteraceae Erechtites hieraciifolius var. hieraciifolius pilewort H N Asteraceae Erigeron acris var. kamtschaticus bitter fleabane H N E Asteraceae Erigeron annuus annual fleabane H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 12 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Asteraceae Erigeron glabellus var. pubescens smooth fleabane H N Asteraceae Erigeron lonchophyllus short ray fleabane H N T Asteraceae Erigeron philadelphicus var. philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane H N Asteraceae Erigeron pulchellus poor robin's fleabane H N Asteraceae Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus poor robin's fleabane H N Asteraceae Erigeron pulchellus var. tolsteadii poor robin's fleabane H N W Asteraceae Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane H N Asteraceae Erigeron strigosus var. septentrionalis daisy fleabane H N Asteraceae Erigeron strigosus var. strigosus daisy fleabane H N Eriocaulaceae Eriocaulon aquaticum pipewort S, H N Poaceae Eriochloa villosa hairy cupgrass G I Cyperaceae Eriophorum angustifolium subsp. angustifolium tall cottongrass G N Cyperaceae Eriophorum chamissonis Chamisso's cottongrass G N Cyperaceae Eriophorum gracile slender cottongrass G N Cyperaceae Eriophorum tenellum delicate cottongrass G N Cyperaceae Eriophorum vaginatum tussock cottongrass G N Cyperaceae Eriophorum virginicum tawny cottongrass G N Cyperaceae Eriophorum viridicarinatum green-keeled cottongrass G N Geraniaceae Erodium cicutarium storksbill H I Brassicaceae Erucastrum gallicum dog mustard H I Apiaceae Eryngium yuccifolium rattlesnake master H N SC Brassicaceae Erysimum asperum western wallflower H N Brassicaceae Erysimum cheiranthoides wormseed mustard H I Brassicaceae Erysimum inconspicuum small-flowered wallflower H N Liliaceae Erythronium albidum white trout lily H N Liliaceae Erythronium albidum × propullans trout lily H N Liliaceae Erythronium americanum subsp. americanum yellow trout lily H N Liliaceae Erythronium propullans dwarf trout lily H N E Cactaceae Escobaria vivipara ball cactus K N E Celastraceae Euonymus atropurpureus wahoo D N Asteraceae Eupatorium altissimum tall boneset H N Asteraceae Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset H N Asteraceae Eupatorium sessilifolium upland boneset H N T Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia corollata var. corollata flowering spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia cyathophora painted leaf H I Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia cyparissias cypress spurge H I Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia dentata toothed spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia esula leafy spurge H I SN,PS Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia geyeri Geyer's spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia glyptosperma ridge-seeded spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia helioscopia sun spurge H I Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia hexagona six-angled spurge H N H Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia maculata prostrate hairy spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia marginata snow-on-the-mountain H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia nutans nodding spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia serpyllifolia thyme-leaved spurge H N Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia spathulata prairie spurge H N Scrophulariaceae Euphrasia hudsoniana var. ramosior Hudson Bay eyebright H N SC Scrophulariaceae Euphrasia officinalis tartary eyebright H I W Asteraceae Eurybia macrophylla large-leaved aster H N Asteraceae Euthamia graminifolia grass-leaved goldenrod H N Asteraceae Euthamia gymnospermoides great plains goldenrod H N Asteraceae Eutrochium maculatum spotted Joe pye weed H N Asteraceae Eutrochium maculatum var. bruneri spotted Joe pye weed H N Asteraceae Eutrochium maculatum var. foliosum spotted Joe pye weed H N H Asteraceae Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum spotted Joe pye weed H N Asteraceae Eutrochium purpureum sweet-scented Joe pye weed H N Asteraceae Eutrochium purpureum var. holzingeri sweet-scented Joe pye weed H N Asteraceae Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum sweet-scented Joe pye weed H N Polygonaceae Fagopyrum esculentum buckwheat H I Polygonaceae Fallopia ×bohemica bohemian knotweed H I Polygonaceae Fallopia cilinodis fringed black-bindweed H N Polygonaceae Fallopia convolvulus black-bindweed H I Polygonaceae Fallopia japonica var. japonica Japanese knotweed H I Polygonaceae Fallopia scandens false buckwheat H N Poaceae Festuca rubra red fescue G I Poaceae Festuca rubra subsp. fallax chewing fescue G I Poaceae Festuca rubra subsp. rubra red fescue G I Poaceae Festuca saximontana var. saximontana mountain fescue G N Poaceae Festuca subverticillata nodding fescue G N Poaceae Festuca trachyphylla long-leaved fescue G I Cyperaceae Fimbristylis autumnalis autumn fimbry G N SC Cyperaceae Fimbristylis puberula var. interior hairy fimbry G N E Limnanthaceae Floerkea proserpinacoides false mermaid H N T

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 13 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Rosaceae Fragaria vesca var. americana wood strawberry H N Rosaceae Fragaria virginiana common strawberry H N Rhamnaceae Frangula alnus glossy buckthorn D I RN Oleaceae Fraxinus americana white ash D N Oleaceae Fraxinus nigra black ash D N Oleaceae Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash D N Amaranthaceae Froelichia floridana prairie cottonweed H N Asteraceae Gaillardia aristata blanket-flower H N SC Asteraceae Gaillardia pulchella rose-ring gaillardia H I Orchidaceae Galearis spectabilis showy orchis H N Lamiaceae Galeopsis tetrahit hemp nettle H I Lamiaceae Galeopsis tetrahit var. bifida hemp nettle H I Lamiaceae Galeopsis tetrahit var. tetrahit hemp nettle H I Asteraceae Galinsoga parviflora var. parviflora small-flowered galinsoga H I Asteraceae Galinsoga quadriradiata hairy galinsoga H I Rubiaceae Galium aparine cleavers H N Rubiaceae Galium asprellum rough bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium boreale northern bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium circaezans var. hypomalacum licorice bedstraw H N W Rubiaceae Galium concinnum shining bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium labradoricum labrador bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium mollugo false baby's breath H I Rubiaceae Galium obtusum var. obtusum obtuse bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium tinctorium var. tinctorium small bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium trifidum var. trifidum three-cleft bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium triflorum var. triflorum sweet-scented bedstraw H N Rubiaceae Galium verum yellow bedstraw H I Ericaceae Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry B N Ericaceae Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen B N Onagraceae Gaura biennis var. biennis biennial gaura H N W Onagraceae Gaura coccinea scarlet gaura H N Ericaceae Gaylussacia baccata black huckleberry D N T Gentianaceae Gentiana affinis northern gentian H N SC Gentianaceae Gentiana andrewsii bottle gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentiana andrewsii var. andrewsii bottle gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentiana andrewsii var. dakotica bottle gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentiana ×billingtonii Billington's gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentiana flavida yellowish gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentiana puberulenta downy gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentiana rubricaulis great lakes gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentianella amarella felwort H N SC Gentianaceae Gentianella quinquefolia var. occidentalis stiff gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentianopsis crinita greater fringed gentian H N Gentianaceae Gentianopsis procera lesser fringed gentian H N Santalaceae Geocaulon lividum northern comandra H N Geraniaceae Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's cranesbill H N Geraniaceae Geranium carolinianum Carolina cranesbill H N Geraniaceae Geranium maculatum wild geranium H N Geraniaceae Geranium sibiricum Siberian cranesbill H I Rosaceae Geum aleppicum var. strictum yellow avens H N Rosaceae Geum canadense white avens H N Rosaceae Geum laciniatum rough avens H N W Rosaceae Geum macrophyllum var. perincisum big-leaved avens H N Rosaceae Geum rivale purple avens H N Rosaceae Geum triflorum prairie smoke H N Lamiaceae Glechoma hederacea creeping charlie H I Caesalpiniaceae Gleditsia triacanthos honey locust D N W Poaceae Glyceria borealis northern manna grass G N Poaceae Glyceria canadensis var. canadensis rattlesnake grass G N Poaceae Glyceria grandis var. grandis tall manna grass G N Poaceae Glyceria striata fowl manna grass G N Fabaceae Glycyrrhiza lepidota wild licorice H N Asteraceae Gnaphalium uliginosum low cudweed H I Orchidaceae Goodyera pubescens downy rattlesnake plantain H N Orchidaceae Goodyera repens lesser rattlesnake plantain H N Orchidaceae Goodyera tesselata tesselated rattlesnake plantain H N Scrophulariaceae Gratiola neglecta disk hyssop H N Asteraceae Grindelia hirsutula hairy gumweed H N Asteraceae Grindelia squarrosa curly cup gumweed H N Dryopteridaceae Gymnocarpium ×brittonianum Britton's oak fern H N Dryopteridaceae Gymnocarpium dryopteris common oak fern H N Dryopteridaceae Gymnocarpium ×intermedium intermediate oak fern H N Dryopteridaceae Gymnocarpium jessoense subsp. parvulum nahanni oak fern H N Dryopteridaceae Gymnocarpium robertianum northern oak fern H N SC

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 14 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Caesalpiniaceae Gymnocladus dioica Kentucky coffee tree D N SC Caryophyllaceae Gypsophila muralis low baby’s-breath H I Caryophyllaceae Gypsophila paniculata common baby’s-breath H I Boraginaceae Hackelia deflexa var. americana nodding stickseed H N Boraginaceae Hackelia virginiana Virginia stickseed H N Gentianaceae Halenia deflexa var. deflexa American spurred gentian H N Hamamelidaceae Hamamelis virginiana witch-hazel D N T Asteraceae Hasteola suaveolens sweet smelling Indian plantain H N E Lamiaceae Hedeoma hispida mock pennyroyal H N Lamiaceae Hedeoma pulegioides American pennyroyal H U H Rubiaceae Hedyotis longifolia bluets H N Asteraceae Helenium autumnale autumn sneezeweed H N Cistaceae Helianthemum bicknellii hoary frostweed H N Cistaceae Helianthemum canadense Canada frostweed H N SC Asteraceae Helianthus annuus common sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus giganteus giant sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus hirsutus hairy sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus ×laetiflorus bright sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus maximiliani Maximilian's sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus nuttallii subsp. rydbergii Nuttall's sunflower H N SC Asteraceae Helianthus occidentalis subsp. occidentalis western sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus pauciflorus stiff sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus pauciflorus subsp. pauciflorus stiff sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus pauciflorus subsp. subrhomboideus stiff sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus petiolaris subsp. petiolaris prairie sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus strumosus woodland sunflower H N Asteraceae Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke H N Asteraceae Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra ox-eye H N Apiaceae Heracleum lanatum cow parsnip H N Brassicaceae Hesperis matronalis dame's rocket H I Poaceae Hesperostipa comata subsp. comata needle-and-thread grass G N Poaceae Hesperostipa spartea porcupine grass G N Pontederiaceae Heteranthera dubia water stargrass S, H N Pontederiaceae Heteranthera limosa mud plantain S, H N T Asteraceae Heterotheca stenophylla var. angustifolia stiff-leaf golden aster H N Asteraceae Heterotheca villosa hairy golden aster H N Asteraceae Heterotheca villosa var. ballardii hairy golden aster H N Asteraceae Heterotheca villosa var. foliosa hairy golden aster H N Asteraceae Heterotheca villosa var. minor hairy golden aster H N Asteraceae Heterotheca villosa var. villosa hairy golden aster H N Saxifragaceae Heuchera richardsonii alumroot H N Malvaceae Hibiscus laevis rose mallow H N Malvaceae Hibiscus trionum flower-of-an-hour H I Asteraceae Hieracium aurantiacum orange hawkweed H I Asteraceae Hieracium caespitosum meadow hawkweed H I Asteraceae Hieracium ×floribundum smooth king-devil H N Asteraceae Hieracium longipilum long-bearded hawkweed H N W Asteraceae Hieracium pilosella mouse-ear hawkweed H I Asteraceae Hieracium piloselloides king devil hawkweed H I Asteraceae Hieracium scabrum sticky hawkweed H N Asteraceae Hieracium umbellatum rough hawkweed H N Asteraceae Hieracium vulgatum common hawkweed H I Hippuridaceae Hippuris vulgaris mare's tail S, H N Poaceae Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum foxtail barley G N Poaceae Hordeum pusillum little barley G N Poaceae Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare Nepal barley G I Cistaceae Hudsonia tomentosa beach heather B N T Cannabaceae Humulus japonicus Japanese hops H I Cannabaceae Humulus lupulus common hops H N Cannabaceae Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides common hops H N Cannabaceae Humulus lupulus var. pubescens common hops H N Lycopodiaceae Huperzia appalachiana Appalachian fir moss H N SC Lycopodiaceae Huperzia appalachiana × selago fir moss H N Lycopodiaceae Huperzia appalachiana X lucidula fir moss H N Lycopodiaceae Huperzia ×bartleyi Bartley's clubmoss H N Lycopodiaceae Huperzia ×buttersii Butters' fir moss H N Lycopodiaceae Huperzia lucidula shining fir moss H N Lycopodiaceae Huperzia porophila rock fir moss H N T Lycopodiaceae Huperzia selago northern fir moss H N Violaceae Hybanthus concolor eastern green-violet H N E Ranunculaceae Hydrastis canadensis goldenseal H N E Apiaceae Hydrocotyle americana American water-pennywort H N SC Apiaceae Hydrocotyle ranunculoides floating marsh-pennywort H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 15 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllum appendiculatum appendaged waterleaf H N Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllum virginianum var. virginianum Virginia waterleaf H N Crassulaceae Hylotelephium telephium orpine H I Clusiaceae Hypericum boreale northern St. John's-wort H N Clusiaceae Hypericum ellipticum pale St. John's-wort H N Clusiaceae Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort H U Clusiaceae Hypericum majus large St. John's-wort H N Clusiaceae Hypericum perforatum common St. John's-wort H I Clusiaceae Hypericum punctatum spotted St. John's-wort H N Clusiaceae Hypericum pyramidatum great St. John's-wort H N Liliaceae Hypoxis hirsuta yellow star-grass H N Aquifoliaceae Ilex verticillata var. verticillata winterberry D N Balsaminaceae Impatiens capensis spotted touch-me-not H N Balsaminaceae Impatiens pallida pale touch-me-not H N Asteraceae Inula helenium elecampane H I Brassicaceae Iodanthus pinnatifidus purple rocket H N E Iridaceae Iris pseudacorus yellow flag H I Iridaceae Iris versicolor northern blue flag H N Iridaceae Iris virginica southern blue flag H N Lamiaceae Isanthus brachiatus false pennyroyal H N Isoetaceae Isoetes echinospora Braun's quillwort S, H N Isoetaceae Isoetes lacustris lake quillwort S, H N Isoetaceae Isoetes melanopoda prairie quillwort S, H N E Berberidaceae Jeffersonia diphylla twinleaf H N SC Juglandaceae Juglans cinerea butternut D N E Juglandaceae Juglans nigra black walnut D N Juncaceae Juncus alpinoarticulatus alpine rush G N Juncaceae Juncus arcticus var. balticus baltic rush G U Juncaceae Juncus articulatus jointed rush G N E Juncaceae Juncus brachycarpus short-fruited rush G U Juncaceae Juncus brevicaudatus narrow-panicled rush G N Juncaceae Juncus bufonius toad rush G N Juncaceae Juncus canadensis Canada rush G N Juncaceae Juncus compressus compressed rush G I Juncaceae Juncus dudleyi Dudley's rush G N Juncaceae Juncus effusus soft rush G N Juncaceae Juncus filiformis thread-like rush G N Juncaceae Juncus gerardii black-grass rush G U H Juncaceae Juncus ×gracilescens grass-like rush G N Juncaceae Juncus greenei Greene's rush G N Juncaceae Juncus interior inland rush G N Juncaceae Juncus longistylis long-styled rush G N Juncaceae Juncus marginatus marginated rush G N E Juncaceae Juncus nodosus knotty rush G N Juncaceae Juncus pelocarpus brown-fruited rush G N Juncaceae Juncus stygius var. americanus bog rush G N SC Juncaceae Juncus subtilis slender rush G N E Juncaceae Juncus tenuis path rush G N Juncaceae Juncus torreyi Torrey's rush G N Juncaceae Juncus vaseyi Vasey's rush G N Cupressaceae Juniperus communis var. depressa bush juniper E N Cupressaceae Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper E N SC Cupressaceae Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana eastern red cedar E N Ericaceae Kalmia polifolia bog laurel B N Dipsacaceae Knautia arvensis bluebuttons H I Chenopodiaceae Kochia scoparia subsp. scoparia summer cypress H I Poaceae Koeleria macrantha junegrass G N Asteraceae Krigia biflora two-flowered cynthia H N Asteraceae Lactuca biennis biennial blue lettuce H N Asteraceae Lactuca canadensis Canada wild lettuce H N Asteraceae Lactuca floridana Florida wild lettuce H N H Asteraceae Lactuca ludoviciana Louisiana lettuce H N Asteraceae Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce H I Lamiaceae Lamium amplexicaule henbit H I Urticaceae Laportea canadensis woodnettle H N Boraginaceae Lappula redowskii western stickseed H I Boraginaceae Lappula squarrosa two-row stickseed H I Asteraceae Lapsana communis nipplewort H I Pinaceae Larix laricina tamarack E N Fabaceae Lathyrus latifolius everlasting pea H I Fabaceae Lathyrus maritimus var. glaber beach pea H N Fabaceae Lathyrus ochroleucus pale vetchling H N Fabaceae Lathyrus palustris marsh vetchling H N Fabaceae Lathyrus tuberosus tuberous vetchling H I

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 16 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Fabaceae Lathyrus venosus var. intonsus veiny pea H N Cistaceae Lechea intermedia intermediate pinweed H N Cistaceae Lechea stricta prairie pinweed H N Cistaceae Lechea tenuifolia var. tenuifolia narrow-leaved pinweed H N E Poaceae Leersia lenticularis catchfly grass G N T Poaceae Leersia oryzoides rice cut grass G N Poaceae Leersia virginica white grass G N Lemnaceae Lemna minor lesser duckweed F, H N Lemnaceae Lemna obscura little duckweed F, H N W Lemnaceae Lemna perpusilla minute duckweed F, H N W Lemnaceae Lemna trisulca star duckweed F, H N Lemnaceae Lemna turionifera turion duckweed F, H N Lamiaceae Leonurus cardiaca common motherwort H I Lamiaceae Leonurus sibiricus motherwort H I Brassicaceae Lepidium campestre field peppergrass H I Brassicaceae Lepidium densiflorum green-flowered peppergrass H N Brassicaceae Lepidium draba hoary cress H I PS Brassicaceae Lepidium virginicum subsp. virginicum Virginia peppergrass H N Poaceae Leptochloa fusca subsp. fascicularis bearded sprangletop G N Fabaceae Lespedeza capitata round-headed bush clover H N Fabaceae Lespedeza leptostachya prairie bush clover H N T Asteraceae Leucanthemella serotina giant daisy H I Asteraceae Leucanthemum vulgare ox-eye daisy H I Solanaceae Leucophysalis grandiflora dwarf ground cherry H N Leucospora multifida narrowleaf paleseed H N Poaceae Leymus cinereus basin wild rye G N Asteraceae Liatris aspera rough blazing star H N Asteraceae Liatris cylindracea cylindric blazing star H N Asteraceae Liatris ligulistylis northern plains blazing star H N Asteraceae Liatris punctata var. punctata dotted blazing star H N Asteraceae Liatris pycnostachya var. pycnostachya great blazing star H N Liliaceae Lilium michiganense Michigan lily H N Liliaceae Lilium philadelphicum wood lily H N Scrophulariaceae Limosella aquatica mudwort H N SC Scrophulariaceae Linaria dalmatica dalmation toadflax H I Scrophulariaceae Linaria vulgaris butter-and-eggs H I Scrophulariaceae Lindernia dubia yellow-seeded false pimpernel H N Scrophulariaceae Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea yellow-seeded false pimpernel H N Scrophulariaceae Lindernia dubia var. dubia yellow-seeded false pimpernel H N Caprifoliaceae Linnaea borealis var. longiflora twinflower H N Linaceae Linum lewisii blue flax H I Linaceae Linum rigidum var. rigidum stiff-stem yellow flax H N Linaceae Linum sulcatum grooved yellow flax H N Linaceae Linum usitatissimum common flax H I Orchidaceae Liparis liliifolia lily-leaved twayblade H N Orchidaceae Liparis loeselii Loesel's twayblade H N Cyperaceae Lipocarpha micrantha hemicarpha G N Orchidaceae Listera auriculata auricled twayblade H N E Orchidaceae Listera convallarioides broad-leaved twayblade H N SC Orchidaceae Listera cordata var. cordata heart-leaved twayblade H N Boraginaceae Lithospermum canescens hoary puccoon H N Boraginaceae Lithospermum caroliniense var. croceum hairy puccoon H N Boraginaceae Lithospermum incisum narrow-leaved puccoon H N Boraginaceae Lithospermum latifolium American gromwell H N Plantaginaceae Littorella americana American shore plantain S, H N SC Campanulaceae Lobelia cardinalis var. cardinalis cardinal flower H N Campanulaceae Lobelia dortmanna water lobelia S, H N Campanulaceae Lobelia inflata Indian tobacco H N Campanulaceae Lobelia kalmii Kalm's lobelia H N Campanulaceae Lobelia siphilitica great lobelia H N Campanulaceae Lobelia siphilitica var. ludoviciana great lobelia H N Campanulaceae Lobelia siphilitica var. siphilitica great lobelia H N Campanulaceae Lobelia spicata pale-spiked lobelia H N Campanulaceae Lobelia spicata var. hirtella rough-spiked lobelia H N Campanulaceae Lobelia spicata var. spicata rough-spiked lobelia H N Brassicaceae Lobularia maritima sweet alyssum H I Asteraceae Logfia arvensis field cotton rose H I Poaceae Lolium perenne English rye grass G I Apiaceae Lomatium orientale desert parsley H N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera ×bella pretty honeysuckle D I Caprifoliaceae Lonicera canadensis fly honeysuckle D N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera dioica wild honeysuckle C N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera dioica var. dioica wild honeysuckle C N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera dioica var. glaucescens wild honeysuckle C N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 17 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Caprifoliaceae Lonicera hirsuta hairy honeysuckle D N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera morrowii Morrow's honeysuckle D I Caprifoliaceae Lonicera oblongifolia swamp fly honeysuckle D N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera reticulata grape honeysuckle C N Caprifoliaceae Lonicera tatarica tartarian honeysuckle D I Caprifoliaceae Lonicera villosa mountain fly honeysuckle D N Fabaceae Lotus corniculatus bird's-foot trefoil H I Fabaceae Lotus purshianus prairie trefoil H N Onagraceae Ludwigia palustris common water primrose H N Onagraceae Ludwigia polycarpa false loosestrife H N Fabaceae Lupinus perennis wild lupine H N Fabaceae Lupinus polyphyllus large-leaved lupine H I Juncaceae Luzula acuminata var. acuminata pointed woodrush G N Juncaceae Luzula luzuloides subsp. luzuloides Lamarck's woodrush G I Juncaceae Luzula multiflora subsp. multiflora many-flowered woodrush G I Juncaceae Luzula parviflora small-flowered woodrush G N T Solanaceae Lycium barbarum matrimony vine D I Lycopodiaceae Lycopodiella inundata bog clubmoss H N Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium annotinum bristly clubmoss H N Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium clavatum running clubmoss H N Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium dendroideum round-branched groundpine H N Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium hickeyi princess pine H N Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium lagopus one-cone clubmoss H N Lamiaceae Lycopus americanus cut-leaved bugleweed H N Lamiaceae Lycopus asper rough bugleweed H N Lamiaceae Lycopus ×sherardii Sherard's bugleweed H N Lamiaceae Lycopus uniflorus northern bugleweed H N Lamiaceae Lycopus virginicus Virginia bugleweed H N W Asteraceae Lygodesmia juncea skeletonweed H N Primulaceae Lysimachia ciliata fringed loosestrife H N Primulaceae Lysimachia ×commixta mixed loosestrife H N Primulaceae Lysimachia hybrida hybrid loosestrife H N Primulaceae Lysimachia maritima sea milkwort H N E Primulaceae Lysimachia nummularia moneywort H I Primulaceae Lysimachia quadriflora prairie loosestrife H N Primulaceae Lysimachia quadrifolia whorled loosestrife H N SC Primulaceae Lysimachia terrestris yellow loosestrife H N Primulaceae Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife H N Lythraceae Lythrum alatum var. alatum wing-angled loosestrife H N Lythraceae Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife H I SN,,PI Asteraceae Madia glomerata tarweed H I Liliaceae Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower H N Liliaceae Maianthemum racemosum subsp. racemosum common false Solomon's seal H N Liliaceae Maianthemum stellatum starry false Solomon's seal H N Liliaceae Maianthemum trifolium three-leaved false Solomon's seal H N Orchidaceae Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda white adder's mouth H N SC Orchidaceae Malaxis paludosa bog adder's mouth H N E Orchidaceae Malaxis unifolia green adder's mouth H N Rosaceae Malus ioensis prairie crabapple D N Malvaceae Malva neglecta cheeses H I Malvaceae Malva rotundifolia round-leaved mallow H I Marsileaceae Marsilea vestita hairy waterclover H N E Asteraceae Matricaria chamomilla wild chamomile H I Asteraceae Matricaria discoidea pineapple weed H I Dryopteridaceae Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica ostrich fern H N Fabaceae Medicago lupulina black medick H I Fabaceae Medicago sativa alfalfa H I Fabaceae Medicago sativa subsp. falcata alfalfa H I Fabaceae Medicago sativa subsp. sativa alfalfa H I Scrophulariaceae Melampyrum lineare cow wheat H N Scrophulariaceae Melampyrum lineare var. americanum cow wheat H N Scrophulariaceae Melampyrum lineare var. lineare cow wheat H N Poaceae Melica nitens three-flowered melic G N T Fabaceae Melilotus alba white sweet clover H I Fabaceae Melilotus officinalis yellow sweet clover H I Menispermaceae Menispermum canadense Canada moonseed C N Lamiaceae Mentha arvensis var. canadensis common mint H N Lamiaceae Mentha ×gentilis heartmint H I Lamiaceae Mentha spicata spearmint H I Menyanthaceae Menyanthes trifoliata buckbean H N Boraginaceae Mertensia paniculata panicled bluebells H N Boraginaceae Mertensia virginica Virginia bluebells H N Saxifragaceae Micranthes pensylvanica swamp saxifrage H N Saxifragaceae Micranthes virginiensis early saxifrage H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 18 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Poaceae Milium effusum var. cisatlanticum woodland millet grass G N Scrophulariaceae Mimulus glabratus var. fremontii yellow monkey flower H N Scrophulariaceae Mimulus ringens var. ringens blue monkey flower H N Caryophyllaceae Minuartia dawsonensis rock sandwort H N T Nyctaginaceae Mirabilis albida hairy four o'clock H N Nyctaginaceae Mirabilis linearis var. linearis narrow-leaved four o'clock H I Nyctaginaceae Mirabilis nyctaginea heart-leaved four o'clock H N Poaceae Miscanthus sacchariflorus amur silver grass G I Rubiaceae Mitchella repens partridgeberry H N Saxifragaceae Mitella diphylla two-leaved miterwort H N Saxifragaceae Mitella nuda naked miterwort H N Caryophyllaceae Moehringia lateriflora side-flowering sandwort H N Caryophyllaceae Moehringia macrophylla large-leaved sandwort H N T Molluginaceae Mollugo verticillata carpetweed H I Lamiaceae Monarda fistulosa wild bergamot H N Lamiaceae Monarda fistulosa var. fistulosa wild bergamot H N Lamiaceae Monarda fistulosa var. menthaefolia wild bergamot H N Lamiaceae Monarda punctata var. villicaulis horsemint H N Pyrolaceae Moneses uniflora one-flowered pyrola H N Chenopodiaceae Monolepis nuttalliana povertyweed H N H Monotropaceae Monotropa hypopithys pinesap H N Monotropaceae Monotropa uniflora Indian pipe H N Portulacaceae Montia chamissoi montia H N E Moraceae Morus alba white mulberry D I Moraceae Morus rubra red mulberry D N H Poaceae Muhlenbergia asperifolia scratchgrass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia cuspidata Plains muhly G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia frondosa swamp muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia glomerata clustered muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia mexicana Mexican muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia mexicana var. filiformis Mexican muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia mexicana var. mexicana Mexican muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia racemosa marsh muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia richardsonis mat muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia schreberi dropseed muhly grass G N W Poaceae Muhlenbergia sylvatica woodland muhly grass G N Poaceae Muhlenbergia uniflora one-flowered muhly G N SC Asteraceae Mulgedium pulchellum beautiful blue lettuce H N Boraginaceae Myosotis arvensis field forget-me-not H I Boraginaceae Myosotis laxa smaller forget-me-not H N Boraginaceae Myosotis scorpioides true forget-me-not H I Boraginaceae Myosotis verna Virginia forget-me-not H N Caryophyllaceae Myosoton aquaticum giant chickweed H I Ranunculaceae Myosurus minimus mousetail H N Myricaceae Myrica gale sweet gale D N Haloragaceae Myriophyllum alterniflorum alternate-flower water milfoil S, H N Haloragaceae Myriophyllum farwellii Farwell's water milfoil S, H N Haloragaceae Myriophyllum heterophyllum broadleaf water milfoil S, H N SC Haloragaceae Myriophyllum sibiricum northern water milfoil S, H N Haloragaceae Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian water milfoil S, H I PI Haloragaceae Myriophyllum tenellum slender water milfoil S, H N Haloragaceae Myriophyllum verticillatum whorled water milfoil S, H N Najadaceae Najas flexilis flexuous naiad S, H N Najadaceae Najas gracillima slender naiad S, H N SC Najadaceae Najas guadalupensis southern naiad S, H N Najadaceae Najas guadalupensis subsp. guadalupensis southern naiad S, H N Najadaceae Najas guadalupensis subsp. olivacea southern naiad S, H N SC Najadaceae Najas marina sea naiad S, H N SC Najadaceae Najas minor brittle water-nymph S, H I PI Malvaceae Napaea dioica glade mallow H N T Poaceae Nassella viridula green needle grass G N Brassicaceae Nasturtium microphyllum one-row yellowcress H I Brassicaceae Nasturtium officinale small-leaved water cress H I Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo lutea American lotus H N Aquifoliaceae Nemopanthus mucronatus swamp holly D N Lamiaceae Nepeta cataria catnip H I Brassicaceae Neslia paniculata ball mustard H I Asteraceae Nothocalais cuspidata prairie false dandelion H N Nymphaeaceae Nuphar microphylla yellow pond-lily F, H N Nymphaeaceae Nuphar ×rubrodisca intermediate pond-lily H N Nymphaeaceae Nuphar variegata bullhead pond-lily F, H N Scrophulariaceae Nuttallanthus canadensis old field toadflax H N SC Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea leibergii small white waterlily F, H N T Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea odorata American white waterlily F, H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 19 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea odorata subsp. odorata American white waterlily F, H N Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea odorata subsp. tuberosa American white waterlily F, H N Onagraceae Oenothera biennis common evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera biennis var. biennis common evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera biennis var. canescens common evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera clelandii Cleland's evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera laciniata var. laciniata cut-leaved evening primrose H N W Onagraceae Oenothera nuttallii Nuttall's evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera parviflora northern evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera parviflora var. oakesiana northern evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera parviflora var. parviflora northern evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera perennis perennial evening primrose H N Onagraceae Oenothera rhombipetala rhombic evening primrose H N SC Dryopteridaceae Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern H N Boraginaceae Onosmodium molle false gromwell H N Boraginaceae Onosmodium molle var. hispidissimum false gromwell H N Boraginaceae Onosmodium molle var. occidentale false gromwell H N Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum pusillum adder's tongue H N W Cactaceae Opuntia fragilis brittle prickly pear K N Cactaceae Opuntia macrorhiza devil's tongue K N SC Liliaceae Ornithogalum umbellatum star-of-bethlehem H I Orobanchaceae Orobanche fasciculata clustered broomrape H N T Orobanchaceae Orobanche ludoviciana var. ludoviciana Louisiana broomrape H N T Orobanchaceae Orobanche uniflora one-flowered broomrape H N T Ericaceae Orthilia secunda one-sided pyrola H N Scrophulariaceae Orthocarpus luteus owl clover H N Poaceae Oryzopsis asperifolia moutain rice grass G N Apiaceae Osmorhiza berteroi Chilean sweet cicely H N E Apiaceae Osmorhiza claytonii Clayton's sweet cicely H N Apiaceae Osmorhiza depauperata blunt-fruited sweet cicely H N SC Apiaceae Osmorhiza longistylis aniseroot H N Osmundaceae Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern H N Osmundaceae Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern H N Osmundaceae Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis royal fern H N Betulaceae Ostrya virginiana ironwood D N Oxalidaceae Oxalis acetosella common wood sorrel H I Oxalidaceae Oxalis dillenii southern wood sorrel H N Oxalidaceae Oxalis stricta yellow wood sorrel H N Oxalidaceae Oxalis violacea violet wood sorrel H N Apiaceae Oxypolis rigidior cowbane H N W Fabaceae Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea flat locoweed H N Fabaceae Oxytropis lambertii var. lambertii Lambert's locoweed H N Fabaceae Oxytropis splendens showy locoweed H N Fabaceae Oxytropis viscida sticky locoweed H N E Asteraceae Packera aurea golden ragwort H N Asteraceae Packera cana gray ragwort H N E Asteraceae Packera indecora elegant groundsel H N E Asteraceae Packera paupercula balsam ragwort H N Asteraceae Packera plattensis prairie ragwort H N Asteraceae Packera pseudaurea var. semicordata western heart-leaved groundsel H N Araliaceae Panax quinquefolius American ginseng H N T Araliaceae Panax trifolius dwarf ginseng H N Poaceae Panicum capillare subsp. capillare witch grass G N Poaceae Panicum dichotomiflorum subsp. dichotomiflorum fall panic grass G N Poaceae Panicum philadelphicum subsp. philadelphicum Philadelphia panic grass G N Poaceae Panicum virgatum switchgrass G N Urticaceae Parietaria pensylvanica pellitory H N Saxifragaceae Parnassia glauca American grass-of-parnassus H N Saxifragaceae Parnassia palustris marsh grass-of-parnassus H N Caryophyllaceae Paronychia canadensis Canada forked chickweed H N E Caryophyllaceae Paronychia fastigiata var. fastigiata forked chickweed H N E Asteraceae Parthenium integrifolium wild quinine H N E Vitaceae Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper C N Vitaceae Parthenocissus vitacea woodbine C N Poaceae Pascopyrum smithii western wheatgrass G I Poaceae Paspalum setaceum hairy beadgrass G N Poaceae Paspalum setaceum var. muhlenbergii hairy beadgrass G N Poaceae Paspalum setaceum var. stramineum hairy beadgrass G N Apiaceae Pastinaca sativa wild parsnip H I SN Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis canadensis wood betony H N Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis lanceolata swamp lousewort H N Fabaceae Pediomelum argophyllum silverleaf scurfpea H N Fabaceae Pediomelum esculentum prairie turnip H N Pteridaceae Pellaea atropurpurea purple cliff brake H N SC

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 20 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Pteridaceae Pellaea glabella subsp. glabella smooth cliff brake H N Araceae Peltandra virginica green arrow arum H I Scrophulariaceae Penstemon albidus white beard tongue H N Scrophulariaceae Penstemon digitalis foxglove beard tongue H U W Scrophulariaceae Penstemon gracilis slender beard tongue H N Scrophulariaceae Penstemon grandiflorus large-flowered beard tongue H N Scrophulariaceae Penstemon pallidus pale beard tongue H N W Saxifragaceae Penthorum sedoides ditch stonecrop H N Cleomaceae Peritoma serrulata spider-flower H I Polygonaceae Persicaria amphibia water smartweed F, H N Polygonaceae Persicaria arifolia halberd-leaved tearthumb H N Polygonaceae Persicaria careyi Carey's smartweed H N SC Polygonaceae Persicaria hydropiper marsh waterpepper H I Polygonaceae Persicaria hydropiperoides mild waterpepper H N H Polygonaceae Persicaria lapathifolia nodding smartweed H N Polygonaceae Persicaria maculosa lady's thumb H I Polygonaceae Persicaria orientalis prince's feather H I Polygonaceae Persicaria pensylvanica Pennsylvania smartweed H N Polygonaceae Persicaria punctata dotted smartweed H N Polygonaceae Persicaria sagittata arrow-leaved tearthumb H N Polygonaceae Persicaria virginiana Virginia knotweed H N Asteraceae Petasites frigidus sweet coltsfoot H N Asteraceae Petasites frigidus var. palmatus palmate sweet coltsfoot H N Asteraceae Petasites frigidus var. sagittatus arrow-leaved sweet coltsfoot H N Asteraceae Petasites frigidus var. ×vitifolius grape-leaved sweet coltsfoot H N Caryophyllaceae Petrorhagia saxifraga var. saxifraga petrorhagia H I Hydrophyllaceae Phacelia franklinii Franklin's phacelia H N T Poaceae Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass G I Poaceae Phalaris canariensis birdseed grass G I Crassulaceae Phedimus aizoon orange stonewort H I Crassulaceae Phedimus spurius two-row stonecrop H I Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris connectilis long beech fern H N Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris hexagonoptera broad beech fern H N E Portulacaceae Phemeranthus parviflorus small-flowered fameflower H N Portulacaceae Phemeranthus rugospermus rough-seeded fameflower H N T Poaceae Phleum pratense subsp. pratense timothy G I Polemoniaceae Phlox divaricata var. laphamii blue phlox H N Polemoniaceae Phlox maculata wild sweet william H N SC Polemoniaceae Phlox paniculata garden phlox H I Polemoniaceae Phlox pilosa var. fulgida prairie phlox H N Polemoniaceae Phlox subulata var. subulata ground pink H I Poaceae Phragmites australis common reedgrass G N Poaceae Phragmites australis subsp. americanus common reedgrass G N Poaceae Phragmites australis subsp. australis common reedgrass G I Verbenaceae Phryma leptostachya lopseed H N Verbenaceae Phyla lanceolata fogfruit H N Solanaceae Physalis heterophylla var. heterophylla clammy ground cherry H N Solanaceae Physalis pubescens var. grisea hairy ground cherry H I Solanaceae Physalis virginiana Virginia ground cherry H N Brassicaceae Physaria ludoviciana bladderpod H N E Rosaceae Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark D N Rosaceae Physocarpus opulifolius var. intermedius ninebark D N Rosaceae Physocarpus opulifolius var. opulifolius ninebark D N Lamiaceae Physostegia virginiana var. virginiana obedient plant H N Pinaceae Picea glauca white spruce E N Pinaceae Picea mariana black spruce E N Urticaceae Pilea fontana black-fruited clearweed H N Urticaceae Pilea pumila dwarf clearweed H N Apiaceae Pimpinella saxifraga burnet saxifrage H I Lentibulariaceae Pinguicula vulgaris butterwort H N SC Pinaceae Pinus banksiana jack pine E N Pinaceae Pinus resinosa red pine E N Pinaceae Pinus strobus white pine E N Pinaceae Pinus sylvestris scotch pine E I Poaceae Piptatherum canadense Canadian ricegrass G N T Poaceae Piptatherum pungens sharp-pointed rice grass G N Poaceae Piptatherum racemosum black-fruited rice grass G N Boraginaceae Plagiobothrys scouleri var. penicillatus Scouler's popcornflower H N SC Plantaginaceae Plantago aristata bracted plantain H N Plantaginaceae Plantago elongata slender plantain H N SC Plantaginaceae Plantago eriopoda alkali plantain H N Plantaginaceae Plantago lanceolata English plantain H I RS Plantaginaceae Plantago major common plantain H I Plantaginaceae Plantago patagonica Pursh's plantain H I

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 21 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Plantaginaceae Plantago patagonica var. patagonica Pursh's plantain H I Plantaginaceae Plantago patagonica var. spinulosa Pursh's plantain H I Plantaginaceae Plantago psyllium leafy-stemmed plantain H I Plantaginaceae Plantago rugelii Rugel's plantain H N Plantaginaceae Plantago virginica hoary plantain H N H Orchidaceae Platanthera aquilonis northern green orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera clavellata small green wood orchid H N SC Orchidaceae Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata tall white bog orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera flava var. herbiola tubercled rein orchid H N T Orchidaceae Platanthera hookeri Hooker's orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera huronensis tall northern bog orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera lacera ragged fringed orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera obtusata small northern bog orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera orbiculata large round-leaved orchid H N Orchidaceae Platanthera praeclara western prairie fringed orchid H N E Orchidaceae Platanthera psycodes small purple fringed orchid H N Poaceae Poa alsodes wood bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa annua annual bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa arida Plains bluegrass G N W Poaceae Poa bulbosa subsp. vivipara bulbous bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa chaixii tall bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa compressa Canada bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa glauca subsp. glauca pale bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa interior inland bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa nemoralis sylvan bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa paludigena bog bluegrass G N T Poaceae Poa palustris fowl bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis Kentucky bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa saltuensis old-pasture bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa saltuensis subsp. languida weak bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa saltuensis subsp. saltuensis pasture bluegrass G N Poaceae Poa secunda subsp. secunda curly blue grass G N Poaceae Poa sylvestris woodland bluegrass G N W Poaceae Poa trivialis subsp. trivialis rough bluegrass G I Poaceae Poa wolfii Wolf's bluegrass G N SC Berberidaceae Podophyllum peltatum mayapple H N Orchidaceae Pogonia ophioglossoides rose pogonia H N Cleomaceae Polanisia dodecandra clammy weed H N Cleomaceae Polanisia dodecandra subsp. dodecandra clammy weed H N Cleomaceae Polanisia dodecandra subsp. trachysperma clammy weed H N Cleomaceae Polanisia jamesii James's polanisia H N E Polemoniaceae Polemonium occidentale subsp. lacustre western Jacob's-ladder H N E Polemoniaceae Polemonium reptans var. reptans spreading Jacob's-ladder H N Polygalaceae Polygala cruciata cross-leaved milkwort H N E Polygalaceae Polygala paucifolia gaywings H N Polygalaceae Polygala polygama var. obtusata racemed milkwort H N Polygalaceae Polygala sanguinea blood milkwort H N Polygalaceae Polygala senega Seneca snakeroot H N Polygalaceae Polygala verticillata var. isocycla whorled milkwort H N Liliaceae Polygonatum biflorum giant Solomon's seal H N Liliaceae Polygonatum pubescens hairy Solomon's seal H N Polygonaceae Polygonella articulata coast jointweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum achoreum blue knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare prostrate knotweed H I Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare subsp. aviculare common knotweed H I Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare subsp. buxiforme common knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare subsp. depressum common knotweed H I Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare subsp. neglectum common knotweed H I Polygonaceae Polygonum douglasii Douglas' knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum erectum erect knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum ramosissimum bushy knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum ramosissimum subsp. prolificum bushy knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum ramosissimum subsp. ramosissimum bushy knotweed H N Polygonaceae Polygonum tenue slender knotweed H N Asteraceae Polymnia canadensis leafcup H N Polypodiaceae Polypodium virginianum common polypody H N Dryopteridaceae Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern H N E Dryopteridaceae Polystichum braunii Braun's holly fern H N T Apiaceae Polytaenia nuttallii prairie parsley H N H Pontederiaceae Pontederia cordata pickerelweed H N Salicaceae Populus alba white poplar D I Salicaceae Populus balsamifera balsam poplar D N Salicaceae Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera cottonwood D N Salicaceae Populus grandidentata big-toothed aspen D N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 22 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Salicaceae Populus ×jackii Jack's cottonwood D N Salicaceae Populus tremuloides quaking aspen D N Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea purslane H I Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton alpinus alpine pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton amplifolius large-leaved pondweed S, H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton bicupulatus snailseed pondweed H, F N E Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton confervoides algae-like pondweed H, F N W Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton crispus curly pondweed H, F I PI Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton diversifolius diverse-leaved pondweed H, F N E Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton epihydrus ribbon-leaved pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton foliosus subsp. foliosus leafy pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton friesii Fries' pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton gramineus grass-leaved pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton ×hagstroemii Hagstrom's pondweed H N W Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton ×haynesii Haynes' pondweed H N W Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton illinoensis Illinois pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton natans floating pondweed S, H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton nodosus American pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton oakesianus Oakes' pondweed H, F N E Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton obtusifolius blunt-leaved pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton praelongus white-stemmed pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pulcher spotted pondweed H, F N E Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pusillus very small pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pusillus subsp. pusillus very small pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pusillus subsp. tenuissimus very small pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton richardsonii Richardson's pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton robbinsii Robbins' pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton spirillus coiled pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton strictifolius straight-leaved pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton vaseyi Vasey's pondweed H, F N Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton zosteriformis flat-stemmed pondweed H, F N Rosaceae Potentilla anserina silverweed H N Rosaceae Potentilla argentea silvery cinquefoil H I Rosaceae Potentilla arguta subsp. arguta tall cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla effusa spreading cinquefoil H N H Rosaceae Potentilla flabelliformis slender cinquefoil H N W Rosaceae Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla palustris marsh cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla paradoxa bushy cinquefoil H N W Rosaceae Potentilla pensylvanica Pennsylvania cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla pensylvanica var. arida Pennsylvania cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla pensylvanica var. bipinnatifida Pennsylvania cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla pensylvanica var. pensylvanica Pennsylvania cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla recta rough-fruited cinquefoil H I Rosaceae Potentilla rivalis brook cinquefoil H N Rosaceae Potentilla simplex oldfield cinquefoil H N Asteraceae Prenanthes alba white rattlesnakeroot H N Asteraceae Prenanthes aspera hairy rattlesnakeroot H N Asteraceae Prenanthes crepidinea nodding rattlesnakeroot H N H Asteraceae Prenanthes racemosa smooth rattlesnakeroot H N Primulaceae Primula mistassinica Mistassini primrose H N Liliaceae Prosartes trachycarpa rough-fruited fairybells H N E Lamiaceae Prunella vulgaris heal-all H I Lamiaceae Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata heal-all H I Lamiaceae Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris heal-all H I Rosaceae Prunus americana wild plum D N Rosaceae Prunus nigra Canada plum D N Rosaceae Prunus pensylvanica pin cherry D N Rosaceae Prunus pumila sand cherry D N Rosaceae Prunus pumila var. besseyi sand cherry D N Rosaceae Prunus pumila var. pumila sand cherry D N Rosaceae Prunus serotina black cherry D N Rosaceae Prunus susquehanae Susquehanae cherry D N Rosaceae Prunus virginiana chokecherry D N Asteraceae Pseudognaphalium macounii clammy cudweed H N Asteraceae Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium sweet everlasting H N Fabaceae Psoralidium tenuiflorum slender-leaved scurfpea H N E Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum bracken H N Poaceae Puccinellia distans European alkali grass G I Poaceae Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall's alkali grass G N W Lamiaceae Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia mountain mint H N Pyrolaceae Pyrola americana round-leaved pyrola H N Pyrolaceae Pyrola asarifolia subsp. asarifolia pink shinleaf H N Pyrolaceae Pyrola chlorantha green-flowered pyrola H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 23 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Pyrolaceae Pyrola elliptica elliptic shinleaf H N Pyrolaceae Pyrola minor small shinleaf H N SC Fagaceae Quercus alba white oak D N Fagaceae Quercus ×bebbiana Bebb's hybrid white oak D N Fagaceae Quercus bicolor swamp white oak D N SC Fagaceae Quercus bicolor × macrocarpa oak D N Fagaceae Quercus ellipsoidalis northern pin oak D N Fagaceae Quercus ellipsoidalis × rubra oak D N Fagaceae Quercus ×hawkinsii Hawkins' hybrid black oak D N Fagaceae Quercus ×hillii Hill's hybrid white oak D N Fagaceae Quercus macrocarpa bur oak D N Fagaceae Quercus muhlenbergii chestnut oak D N H Fagaceae Quercus ×palaeolithicola oak D I Fagaceae Quercus rubra northern red oak D N Fagaceae Quercus velutina black oak D N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus abortivus kidney-leaved buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus acris tall buttercup H I Ranunculaceae Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus limp white water crowfoot H, S N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus cymbalaria seaside crowfoot H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus fascicularis swamp buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus flabellaris large yellow water crowfoot H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus flammula spearwort H, S N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus flammula var. ovalis spearwort H, S N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus flammula var. reptans spearwort H, S N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus gmelinii small yellow water crowfoot H, S N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus hispidus hispid buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorum hispid buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus hispidus var. nitidus hispid buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus lapponicus Lapland buttercup H N SC Ranunculaceae Ranunculus macounii Macoun's buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus pensylvanicus bristly buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus recurvatus var. recurvatus hooked crowfoot H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus repens creeping buttercup H I Ranunculaceae Ranunculus rhomboideus early buttercup H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus sceleratus cursed crowfoot H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus sceleratus var. multifidus cursed crowfoot H N Ranunculaceae Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus cursed crowfoot H N Brassicaceae Raphanus raphanistrum jointed charlock H I RS Asteraceae Ratibida columnifera prairie coneflower H N Asteraceae Ratibida pinnata gray-headed coneflower H N Rhamnaceae Rhamnus alnifolia dwarf alder D N Rhamnaceae Rhamnus cathartica common buckthorn D I RN Crassulaceae Rhodiola integrifolia subsp. leedyi Leedy's roseroot H N E Ericaceae Rhododendron groenlandicum labrador tea B N Anacardiaceae Rhus ×borealis hybrid sumac D N Anacardiaceae Rhus glabra smooth sumac D N Anacardiaceae Rhus hirta staghorn sumac D N Cyperaceae Rhynchospora alba white beak rush G N Cyperaceae Rhynchospora capillacea hair-like beak rush G N T Cyperaceae Rhynchospora capitellata brownish beaksedge G N W Cyperaceae Rhynchospora fusca sooty-colored beak rush G N Grossulariaceae Ribes americanum wild black currant D N Grossulariaceae Ribes aureum var. villosum flowering currant D I Grossulariaceae Ribes cynosbati prickly gooseberry D N Grossulariaceae Ribes glandulosum skunk currant D N Grossulariaceae Ribes hirtellum swamp gooseberry D N Grossulariaceae Ribes hudsonianum northern black currant D N Grossulariaceae Ribes lacustre swamp black currant D N Grossulariaceae Ribes missouriense Missouri gooseberry D N Grossulariaceae Ribes oxyacanthoides var. oxyacanthoides northern gooseberry D N Grossulariaceae Ribes triste swamp red currant D N Fabaceae Robinia pseudoacacia black locust D I Brassicaceae Rorippa aquatica lakecress H, F N Brassicaceae Rorippa palustris Icelandic yellow cress H N Brassicaceae Rorippa palustris subsp. hispida Icelandic yellow cress H N Brassicaceae Rorippa palustris subsp. palustris Icelandic yellow cress H N Brassicaceae Rorippa sessiliflora sessile-flowered yellow cress H N SC Brassicaceae Rorippa sinuata spreading yellow cress H N W Rorippa sphaerocarpa roundfruit yellowcress H N Brassicaceae Rorippa sylvestris creeping yellow cress H I W Rosaceae Rosa acicularis subsp. sayi prickly rose D N Rosaceae Rosa arkansana prairie rose D N Rosaceae Rosa blanda smooth wild rose D N Rosaceae Rosa ×dulcissima rose D N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 24 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Rosaceae Rosa woodsii var. woodsii Wood's rose D N Lythraceae Rotala ramosior toothcup H N T Rosaceae Rubus ablatus mountain blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus acridens sharp-toothed blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus alumnus old field blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus arcticus subsp. acaulis arctic raspberry H N Rosaceae Rubus canadensis smooth blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus chamaemorus cloudberry D N T Rosaceae Rubus dissensus bristly blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus ferrofluvius Iron River blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus flagellaris northern dewberry D N Rosaceae Rubus frondosus tall blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus fulleri bristle-berry D N T Rosaceae Rubus groutianus setose blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus hispidus bristly dewberry D U Rosaceae Rubus idaeus var. strigosus red raspberry D N Rosaceae Rubus ithacanus Ithaca blacberry D N Rosaceae Rubus missouricus Missouri dewberry D N E Rosaceae Rubus multifer Kinnickinnick dewberry D N SC Rosaceae Rubus ×neglectus hybrid red raspberry D N Rosaceae Rubus occidentalis black raspberry D N Rosaceae Rubus parviflorus thimbleberry D N Rosaceae Rubus plicatifolius plait-leaf dewberry D N Rosaceae Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry H N Rosaceae Rubus quaesitus Prince Edward Island blackberry D N SC Rosaceae Rubus recurvans recurved blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus regionalis bristle-berry D N Rosaceae Rubus rosa rose blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus satis Blanchard's dewberry D N Rosaceae Rubus semisetosus swamp blackberry D N T Rosaceae Rubus steelei Steel's dewberry D N Rosaceae Rubus stipulatus bristle-berry D N E Rosaceae Rubus superioris superior blackberry D N Rosaceae Rubus uniformis bristle-berry D N Rosaceae Rubus vermontanus Vermont blackberry D N SC Rosaceae Rubus wheeleri Wheeler's blackberry D N W Rosaceae Rubus wisconsinensis Wisconsin blackberry D N Asteraceae Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima black-eyed susan H N Asteraceae Rudbeckia laciniata var. laciniata tall coneflower H N Asteraceae Rudbeckia subtomentosa sweet coneflower H N W Asteraceae Rudbeckia triloba var. triloba three-leaved coneflower H N T Acanthaceae Ruellia humilis wild petunia H N H Polygonaceae Rumex acetosa green sorrel H I Polygonaceae Rumex acetosella common sheep sorrel H I Polygonaceae Rumex altissimus tall water dock H N Polygonaceae Rumex britannica great water dock H N Polygonaceae Rumex crispus curly dock H I Polygonaceae Rumex fueginus golden dock H N Polygonaceae Rumex longifolius domestic dock H I Polygonaceae Rumex obtusifolius bitter dock H I Polygonaceae Rumex patientia patience dock H I Polygonaceae Rumex pseudonatronatus field dock H I Polygonaceae Rumex stenophyllus narrow-leaved dock H I Polygonaceae Rumex triangulivalvis Mexican dock H N Polygonaceae Rumex verticillatus whorled water dock H N Ruppiaceae Ruppia cirrhosa spiral ditchgrass H, S N SC Caryophyllaceae Sagina nodosa subsp. borealis knotty pearlwort H N E Caryophyllaceae Sagina procumbens bird's eye pearlwort H I Alismataceae Sagittaria brevirostra short-beaked arrowhead H N E Alismataceae Sagittaria calycina var. calycina hooded arrowhead H N T Alismataceae Sagittaria cristata crested arrowhead H N Alismataceae Sagittaria cuneata arum-leaved arrowhead H, S N Alismataceae Sagittaria latifolia broad-leaved arrowhead H N Alismataceae Sagittaria rigida sessile-fruited arrowhead H N Chenopodiaceae Salicornia rubra red saltwort H N T Salicaceae Salix amygdaloides peach-leaved willow D N Salicaceae Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow D N Salicaceae Salix candida sage-leaved willow D N Salicaceae Salix discolor pussy willow D N Salicaceae Salix eriocephala heart-leaved willow D N Salicaceae Salix famelica heart-leaved willow D N Salicaceae Salix fragilis crack willow D I Salicaceae Salix humilis prairie willow D N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 25 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Salicaceae Salix humilis var. humilis prairie willow D N Salicaceae Salix humilis var. tristis prairie willow D N Salicaceae Salix interior sandbar willow D N Salicaceae Salix lucida shining willow D N Salicaceae Salix maccalliana McCalla's willow D N SC Salicaceae Salix nigra black willow D N Salicaceae Salix pedicellaris bog willow D N Salicaceae Salix pellita satiny willow D N T Salicaceae Salix pentandra bay-leaved willow D I Salicaceae Salix petiolaris slender willow D N Salicaceae Salix planifolia diamond-leaved willow D N Salicaceae Salix pseudomonticola false mountain willow D N SC Salicaceae Salix pyrifolia balsam willow D N Salicaceae Salix ×rubens red willow D I Salicaceae Salix sericea silky willow D N Salicaceae Salix serissima autumn willow D N Chenopodiaceae Salsola collina salsola tumbleweed H I Chenopodiaceae Salsola tragus Russian thistle H I Lamiaceae Salvia reflexa lance-leaved sage H I Caprifoliaceae Sambucus canadensis var. canadensis common elder D N Caprifoliaceae Sambucus racemosa var. pubens red-berried elder D N Papaveraceae Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot H N Apiaceae Sanicula canadensis Canadian black snakeroot H N Apiaceae Sanicula gregaria gregarious black snakeroot H N Apiaceae Sanicula marilandica maryland black snakeroot H N Apiaceae Sanicula trifoliata beaked snakeroot H N SC Caryophyllaceae Saponaria officinalis bouncing bet H I Sarraceniaceae Sarracenia purpurea subsp. purpurea pitcher plant H N Lamiaceae Satureja vulgaris wild basil H N Saxifragaceae Saxifraga cernua nodding saxifrage H N E Saxifragaceae Saxifraga paniculata encrusted saxifrage H N SC Poaceae Schedonnardus paniculatus tumble grass G N SC Poaceae Schedonorus arundinaceus tall fescue G I Poaceae Schedonorus pratensis meadow fescue G I Scheuchzeriaceae Scheuchzeria palustris scheuchzeria H N Poaceae Schizachne purpurascens false melic grass G N Poaceae Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium little bluestem G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus acutus × tabernaemontani bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus hardstem bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus heterochaetus slender bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus ×oblongus bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus pungens three-square bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus purshianus var. purshianus weak-stalk bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus smithii blunt-scale bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus smithii var. setosus blunt-scale bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus smithii var. smithii blunt-scale bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus subterminalis swaying bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani soft stem bulrush G N Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus torreyi Torrey's bulrush G N Liliaceae Scilla sibirica Sibirican squill H I Cyperaceae Scirpus atrocinctus black-girdled woolgrass G N Cyperaceae Scirpus atrovirens dark green bulrush G N Cyperaceae Scirpus cyperinus woolgrass G N Cyperaceae Scirpus georgianus Georgia bulrush G N W Cyperaceae Scirpus hattorianus mosquito bulrush G N Cyperaceae Scirpus microcarpus panicled bulrush G N Cyperaceae Scirpus pallidus pale bulrush G N Cyperaceae Scirpus pedicellatus stalked bulrush G N Cyperaceae Scirpus pendulus rufous bulrush G N W Caryophyllaceae Scleranthus annuus subsp. annuus knawel H I Cyperaceae Scleria triglomerata tall nutrush G N E Cyperaceae Scleria verticillata whorled nutrush G N T Poaceae Scolochloa festucacea whitetop G N Scrophulariaceae Scrophularia lanceolata lance-leaved figwort H N Scrophulariaceae Scrophularia marilandica Maryland figwort H N Lamiaceae Scutellaria galericulata marsh skullcap H N Lamiaceae Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap H N Lamiaceae Scutellaria leonardii Leonard's skullcap H N Lamiaceae Scutellaria ovata var. versicolor ovate-leaved skullcap H N T Lamiaceae Scutellaria parvula prairie skullcap H N Crassulaceae Sedum acre mossy stonecrop H I Selaginellaceae Selaginella rupestris rock spikemoss H N Selaginellaceae Selaginella selaginoides northern spikemoss H N E Asteraceae Senecio integerrimus var. integerrimus entire ragwort H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 26 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Asteraceae Senecio vulgaris common groundsel H I Poaceae Setaria faberi giant foxtail G I RS Poaceae Setaria italica foxtail millet G I Poaceae Setaria pumila subsp. pumila yellow foxtail G I Poaceae Setaria verticillata bristly foxtail G I Poaceae Setaria viridis green foxtail G I Poaceae Setaria viridis var. major green foxtail G I Poaceae Setaria viridis var. viridis green foxtail G I Elaeagnaceae Shepherdia argentea buffaloberry D N Elaeagnaceae Shepherdia canadensis soapberry D N SC Asteraceae Shinnersoseris rostrata annual skeletonweed H N T Rosaceae Sibbaldiopsis tridentata three-toothed cinquefoil D, H N Cucurbitaceae Sicyos angulatus bur cucumber H N Caryophyllaceae Silene antirrhina sleepy catchfly H N Caryophyllaceae Silene armeria sweet William catchfly H I Caryophyllaceae Silene csereii smooth catchfly H I Caryophyllaceae Silene dichotoma subsp. dichotoma forking catchfly H I Caryophyllaceae Silene dioica red cockle H I Caryophyllaceae Silene drummondii subsp. drummondii Drummond's campion H N SC Caryophyllaceae Silene flos-cuculi subsp. flos-cuculi ragged robin H I Caryophyllaceae Silene latifolia white campion H I Caryophyllaceae Silene nivea snowy campion H N T Caryophyllaceae Silene noctiflora night-flowering campion H I Caryophyllaceae Silene stellata starry campion H N Caryophyllaceae Silene vulgaris subsp. vulgaris bladder campion H I Asteraceae Silphium laciniatum compass plant H N Asteraceae Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum cup plant H N Brassicaceae Sinapis arvensis wild mustard H I Brassicaceae Sisymbrium altissimum tumble mustard H I Brassicaceae Sisymbrium loeselii tall hedge mustard H I Brassicaceae Sisymbrium officinale hedge mustard H I Iridaceae Sisyrinchium angustifolium narrowleaf blue-eyed grass H N H Iridaceae Sisyrinchium campestre field blue-eyed grass H N Iridaceae Sisyrinchium montanum var. montanum mountain blue-eyed grass H N Iridaceae Sisyrinchium mucronatum pointed-petal blue-eyed grass H N Apiaceae Sium suave water parsnip H N Smilacaceae Smilax ecirrhata erect carrion flower H N Smilacaceae Smilax herbacea smooth carrion flower H N Smilacaceae Smilax illinoensis Illinois carrion flower H N Smilacaceae Smilax lasioneura common carrion flower H N Smilacaceae Smilax tamnoides greenbrier C N Solanaceae Solanum carolinense horse nettle H I RS Solanaceae Solanum dulcamara bittersweet nightshade C, H I Solanaceae Solanum nigrum var. virginicum black nightshade H N Solanaceae Solanum rostratum buffalo bur H N Solanaceae Solanum triflorum three-flowered nightshade H I Asteraceae Solidago altissima late goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago altissima subsp. altissima late goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago altissima subsp. gilvocanescens late goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago ×bernardii bernard's goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago canadensis var. canadensis Canada goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago canadensis var. hargeri Canada goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago flexicaulis zigzag goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago gigantea giant goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago hispida hairy goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago juncea early goldenrod H N Solidago lepida var. lepida western Canada goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago missouriensis Missouri goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago mollis soft goldenrod H N SC Asteraceae Solidago nemoralis gray goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago nemoralis subsp. decemflora gray goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago nemoralis subsp. nemoralis gray goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago ptarmicoides upland white aster H N Asteraceae Solidago riddellii Riddell's goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago rigida stiff goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago rigida subsp. humilis stiff goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago rigida subsp. rigida stiff goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago sciaphila cliff goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago speciosa showy goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula showy goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago speciosa var. speciosa showy goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago uliginosa bog goldenrod H N Asteraceae Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia elm-leaved goldenrod H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 27 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Asteraceae Sonchus arvensis field sow thistle H I PS Asteraceae Sonchus arvensis subsp. arvensis field sow thistle H I PS Asteraceae Sonchus arvensis subsp. uliginosus field sow thistle H I PS Asteraceae Sonchus asper spiny sow thistle H I Asteraceae Sonchus oleraceus common sow thistle H I Rosaceae Sorbus americana American mountain ash D N Rosaceae Sorbus aucuparia European mountain ash D I Rosaceae Sorbus decora showy mountain ash D N Poaceae Sorghastrum nutans Indian grass G N Sparganiaceae Sparganium americanum Nuttall's bur-reed H N Sparganiaceae Sparganium androcladum branching bur-reed H N Sparganiaceae Sparganium angustifolium narrow-leaved bur-reed H, S N Sparganiaceae Sparganium emersum narrowleaf bur-reed H N Sparganiaceae Sparganium eurycarpum giant bur-reed H N Sparganiaceae Sparganium fluctuans floating bur-reed H, S N Sparganiaceae Sparganium glomeratum clustered bur-reed H N Sparganiaceae Sparganium natans small bur-reed H, S N Poaceae Spartina gracilis alkali cordgrass G N Poaceae Spartina pectinata prairie cordgrass G N Caryophyllaceae Spergula arvensis corn spurry H I Caryophyllaceae Spergularia rubra red sand spurrey H I Malvaceae Sphaeralcea coccinea scarlet mallow H N Poaceae Sphenopholis intermedia slender wedge grass G N Poaceae Sphenopholis obtusata prairie wedge grass G N Rosaceae Spiraea alba white meadowsweet D N Rosaceae Spiraea alba var. alba white meadowsweet D N Rosaceae Spiraea alba var. latifolia white meadowsweet D N Rosaceae Spiraea tomentosa var. rosea steeplebush D N Orchidaceae Spiranthes casei var. casei Case's ladies' tresses H N T Orchidaceae Spiranthes cernua nodding ladies' tresses H N Orchidaceae Spiranthes lacera northern slender ladies' tresses H N Orchidaceae Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis northern slender ladies' tresses H N Orchidaceae Spiranthes lacera var. lacera northern slender ladies' tresses H N Orchidaceae Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains ladies' tresses H N Orchidaceae Spiranthes romanzoffiana hooded ladies' tresses H N Lemnaceae Spirodela polyrrhiza greater duckweed H, F N Poaceae Sporobolus compositus var. compositus rough dropseed G N Poaceae Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed G N Poaceae Sporobolus heterolepis prairie dropseed G N Poaceae Sporobolus neglectus annual dropseed G N Poaceae Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. vaginiflorus poverty dropseed G N Lamiaceae Stachys hispida smooth hedge nettle H N Lamiaceae Stachys palustris woundwort H N Lamiaceae Stachys palustris var. homotricha woundwort H N Lamiaceae Stachys palustris var. pilosa woundwort H N Lamiaceae Stachys tenuifolia narrow-leaved hedge nettle H N Staphyleaceae Staphylea trifolia bladdernut D N Caryophyllaceae Stellaria alsine alsine chickweed H N Caryophyllaceae Stellaria borealis subsp. borealis northern starwort H N Caryophyllaceae Stellaria crassifolia fleshy-leaved starwort H N Caryophyllaceae Stellaria graminea lesser stitchwort H I Caryophyllaceae Stellaria longifolia long-leaved chickweed H N Caryophyllaceae Stellaria longipes subsp. longipes long-stalked chickweed H N SC Caryophyllaceae Stellaria media common chickweed H I Liliaceae Streptopus amplexifolius clasping leaved twistedstalk H N Liliaceae Streptopus lanceolatus rose twistedstalk H N Fabaceae Strophostyles helvola wild bean H N Fabaceae Strophostyles leiosperma trailing pea H N Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia filiformis thread-leaved pondweed S, H N Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia filiformis subsp. alpina thread-leaved pondweed S, H N Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia filiformis subsp. occidentalis thread-leaved pondweed S, H N Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia pectinata sago pondweed S, H N Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia vaginata sheathed pondweed S, H N E Chenopodiaceae Suaeda calceoliformis sea-blite H N Brassicaceae Subularia aquatica subsp. americana awlwort H N T Saxifragaceae Sullivantia sullivantii reniform sullivantia H N T Caprifoliaceae Symphoricarpos albus snowberry D N Caprifoliaceae Symphoricarpos occidentalis wolfberry D N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ×amethystinum New England and heath aster hybrid H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum boreale bog aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ciliatum short-rayed aster H I Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Lindley's aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum cordifolium heart-leaved aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum drummondii var. drummondii Drummond's aster H N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 28 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ericoides heath aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides heath aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ericoides var. pansum heath aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum falcatum var. commutatum sickle-shaped aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum firmum glossy-leaf aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum laeve smooth blue aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum laeve var. geyeri smooth aster H N H Asteraceae Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve smooth aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum lanceolatum panicled aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hesperium western panicled aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. interior eastern panicled aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum eastern panicled aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum lateriflorum side-flowering aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ×longulum long aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum novae-angliae New England aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum oblongifolium aromatic aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ontarionis var. ontarionis Ontario aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum oolentangiense skyblue aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum pilosum awl aster H N W Asteraceae Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pilosum awl aster H N W Asteraceae Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pringlei awl aster H N W Asteraceae Symphyotrichum praealtum veiny lined aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum prenanthoides crooked aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum puniceum var. puniceum red-stemmed aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum sericeum silky aster H N Asteraceae Symphyotrichum shortii Short's aster H N SC Asteraceae Symphyotrichum urophyllum tail-leaved aster H N Boraginaceae Symphytum officinale common comfrey H I Araceae Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage H N Apiaceae Taenidia integerrima yellow pimpernel H N SC Asteraceae Tanacetum parthenium feverfew H I Asteraceae Tanacetum vulgare tansey H I SN Asteraceae Taraxacum erythrospermum red-seeded dandelion H I Asteraceae Taraxacum officinale common dandelion H I Taxaceae Taxus canadensis Canada yew E N Asteraceae Tephroseris palustris swamp ragwort H N Fabaceae Tephrosia virginiana goat's rue H N SC Lamiaceae Teucrium canadense germander H N Lamiaceae Teucrium canadense var. occidentale germander H N Lamiaceae Teucrium canadense var. virginicum germander H N Ranunculaceae Thalictrum dasycarpum tall meadow-rue H N Ranunculaceae Thalictrum dioicum early meadow-rue H N Ranunculaceae Thalictrum revolutum purple meadow-rue H N W Ranunculaceae Thalictrum thalictroides rue anemone H N Ranunculaceae Thalictrum venulosum veiny meadow-rue H N Apiaceae Thaspium barbinode hairy-jointed meadow-parsnip H N SC Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens northern marsh fern H N Brassicaceae Thlaspi arvense pennycress H I RS Cupressaceae Thuja occidentalis white cedar E N Tiliaceae Tilia americana basswood D N Liliaceae Tofieldia pusilla small false asphodel H N E Apiaceae Torilis japonica Japanese Hedge Parsley H I Poaceae Torreyochloa pallida Torrey's mannagrass G N SC Poaceae Torreyochloa pallida var. fernaldii Torrey's mannagrass G N SC Poaceae Torreyochloa pallida var. pallida Torrey's mannagrass G N SC Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron radicans subsp. negundo common poison ivy D, C N SN Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron rydbergii western poison ivy D N Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron vernix poison sumac D N Commelinaceae Tradescantia bracteata bracted spiderwort H N Commelinaceae Tradescantia occidentalis var. occidentalis western spiderwort H N Commelinaceae Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio spiderwort H N Asteraceae Tragopogon dubius yellow goat's beard H I Asteraceae Tragopogon pratensis meadow goat's beard H I Clusiaceae Triadenum fraseri marsh St. John's wort H N Liliaceae Triantha glutinosa sticky false asphodel H N Zygophyllaceae Tribulus terrestris caltrop H I Cyperaceae Trichophorum alpinum Hudson bay bulrush G N Cyperaceae Trichophorum cespitosum tufted bulrush G N Cyperaceae Trichophorum clintonii Clinton's bulrush G N T Primulaceae Trientalis borealis starflower H N Fabaceae Trifolium arvense rabbit's foot clover H I Fabaceae Trifolium aureum palmate hop clover H I Fabaceae Trifolium campestre field hop clover H I Fabaceae Trifolium hybridum alsike clover H I

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 29 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Fabaceae Trifolium incarnatum crimson clover H I Fabaceae Trifolium pratense red clover H I Fabaceae Trifolium repens white clover H I Juncaginaceae Triglochin maritima seaside arrowgrass H N Juncaginaceae Triglochin palustris marsh arrowgrass H N Liliaceae Trillium cernuum nodding trillium H N Liliaceae Trillium flexipes drooping trillium H N Liliaceae Trillium grandiflorum large-flowered trillium H N Liliaceae Trillium nivale snow trillium H N SC Campanulaceae Triodanis leptocarpa slender-fruited Venus' looking-glass H N H Campanulaceae Triodanis perfoliata clasping-leaved Venus' looking-glass H N Caprifoliaceae Triosteum aurantiacum orange-fruit horse gentian H N Caprifoliaceae Triosteum perfoliatum late horse gentian H N Poaceae Triplasis purpurea var. purpurea purple sandgrass G N SC Asteraceae Tripleurospermum inodorum scentless false mayweed H I Poaceae Trisetum spicatum spike trisetum G N SC Pinaceae Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock E N E Brassicaceae Turritis glabra tower mustard H N Typhaceae Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cattail H I Typhaceae Typha ×glauca hybrid cattail H I Typhaceae Typha latifolia broad-leaved cattail H N Ulmaceae Ulmus americana American elm D N Ulmaceae Ulmus pumila Siberian elm D I Ulmaceae Ulmus rubra red elm D N Ulmaceae Ulmus thomasii rock elm D N Urticaceae Urtica dioica subsp. gracilis stinging nettle H I Lentibulariaceae Utricularia cornuta horned bladderwort S, H N Lentibulariaceae Utricularia geminiscapa hidden-fruit bladderwort S, H N T Lentibulariaceae Utricularia gibba humped bladderwort S, H N Lentibulariaceae Utricularia intermedia intermediate bladderwort S, H N Lentibulariaceae Utricularia minor lesser bladderwort S, H N Lentibulariaceae Utricularia purpurea purple-flowered bladderwort S, H N E Lentibulariaceae Utricularia resupinata lavender bladderwort S, H N T Lentibulariaceae Utricularia vulgaris common bladderwort S, H N Liliaceae Uvularia grandiflora large-flowered bellwort H N Liliaceae Uvularia sessilifolia pale bellwort H N Caryophyllaceae Vaccaria hispanica cowherb H I Ericaceae Vaccinium angustifolium lowbush blueberry D N Ericaceae Vaccinium caespitosum dwarf bilberry D N Ericaceae Vaccinium macrocarpon large cranberry B N Ericaceae Vaccinium myrtilloides velvet-leaved blueberry D N Ericaceae Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry B N Ericaceae Vaccinium uliginosum alpine bilberry D N E Ericaceae Vaccinium vitis-idaea lingonberry B N Valerianaceae Valeriana edulis var. ciliata edible valerian H N T Valerianaceae Valeriana officinalis garden heliotrope H I Hydrocharitaceae Vallisneria americana eelgrass S, H N Scrophulariaceae Verbascum blattaria moth mullein H I Scrophulariaceae Verbascum thapsus common mullein H I Verbenaceae Verbena bracteata large-bracted vervain H I Verbenaceae Verbena ×deamii Deam's vervain H N H Verbenaceae Verbena hastata blue vervain H N Verbenaceae Verbena ×perriana hybrid vervain H N H Verbenaceae Verbena simplex narrow-leaved vervain H N SC Verbenaceae Verbena stricta hoary vervain H N Verbenaceae Verbena urticifolia white vervain H N Asteraceae Vernonia fasciculata bunched ironweed H N Plantaginaceae Veronica americana American brooklime H N Plantaginaceae Veronica arvensis corn speedwell H I Plantaginaceae Veronica catenata water speedwell H N Plantaginaceae Veronica longifolia seaside Veronica H I Plantaginaceae Veronica officinalis common speedwell H I Plantaginaceae Veronica peregrina purslane speedwell H N Plantaginaceae Veronica peregrina var. peregrina purslane speedwell H N Plantaginaceae Veronica peregrina var. xalapensis purslane speedwell H N Plantaginaceae Veronica persica bird's eye speedwell H I Plantaginaceae Veronica scutellata marsh speedwell H N Plantaginaceae Veronica serpyllifolia thyme-leaved speedwell H U Plantaginaceae Veronica serpyllifolia var. humifusa thyme-leaved speedwell H N Plantaginaceae Veronica serpyllifolia var. serpyllifolia thyme-leaved speedwell H I Scrophulariaceae Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's root H N Plantaginaceae Veronica verna spring speedwell H I Caprifoliaceae Viburnum edule squashberry D N Caprifoliaceae Viburnum lentago nannyberry D N

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 30 Physio- Native Rarity Invasive Family Name MN DNR Scientific Name Common name gnomy Status Status Status Caprifoliaceae Viburnum opulus European cranberrybush D I Caprifoliaceae Viburnum rafinesquianum downy arrowwood D N Caprifoliaceae Viburnum rafinesquianum var. affine downy arrowwood D N Caprifoliaceae Viburnum rafinesquianum var. rafinesquianum downy arrowwood D N Caprifoliaceae Viburnum trilobum highbush cranberry D N Fabaceae Vicia americana American vetch H N Fabaceae Vicia americana var. americana American vetch H N Fabaceae Vicia americana var. minor American vetch H N Fabaceae Vicia angustifolia narrow-leaved vetch H I Fabaceae Vicia cracca tufted vetch H I Fabaceae Vicia sativa spring vetch H I Fabaceae Vicia villosa hairy vetch H I Violaceae Viola adunca sand violet H N Violaceae Viola blanda big-leaved white violet H N Violaceae Viola canadensis var. rugulosa rugulose violet H N Violaceae Viola conspersa dog violet H N Violaceae Viola cucullata marsh violet H N Violaceae Viola lanceolata var. lanceolata lance-leaf violet H N T Violaceae Viola macloskeyi var. pallens northern white violet H N Violaceae Viola nephrophylla northern bog violet H N Violaceae Viola novae-angliae New England violet H N Violaceae Viola nuttallii yellow prairie violet H N T Violaceae Viola palmata var. pedatifida bearded birdfoot violet H N Violaceae Viola pedata beardless birdfoot violet H N Violaceae Viola ×primulifolia primrose violet H N W Violaceae Viola pubescens yellow violet H N Violaceae Viola renifolia kidney-leaved violet H N Violaceae Viola sagittata arrow-leaved violet H N Violaceae Viola selkirkii great-spurred violet H N Violaceae Viola sororia common blue violet H N Violaceae Viola tricolor pansy H I Vitaceae Vitis aestivalis var. bicolor silverleaf grape C N T Vitaceae Vitis riparia wild grape C N Poaceae Vulpia octoflora six-weeks fescue G N Poaceae Vulpia octoflora var. glauca eightweeks fescue G N Poaceae Vulpia octoflora var. octoflora sixweeks fescue G N Rosaceae Waldsteinia fragarioides var. fragarioides barren strawberry H N SC Lemnaceae Wolffia borealis spotted watermeal H, F N Lemnaceae Wolffia columbiana Columbian watermeal H, F N Dryopteridaceae Woodsia ×abbeae Abbe's woodsia H N Dryopteridaceae Woodsia alpina alpine woodsia H N T Dryopteridaceae Woodsia glabella smooth woodsia H N T Dryopteridaceae Woodsia ×gracilis slender woodsia H N Dryopteridaceae Woodsia ilvensis rusty woodsia H N Dryopteridaceae Woodsia ×maxonii Oregon and Rocky Mountain woodsia hybrid H N H Dryopteridaceae Woodsia obtusa subsp. obtusa blunt-lobed woodsia H N Dryopteridaceae Woodsia oregana subsp. cathcartiana Oregon woodsia H N SC Dryopteridaceae Woodsia scopulina subsp. laurentiana Rocky Mountain woodsia H N T Asteraceae Xanthisma spinulosum var. spinulosum cutleaf ironplant H N SC Asteraceae Xanthium strumarium cocklebur H N Xyridaceae Xyris montana montane yellow-eyed grass H N SC Xyridaceae Xyris torta twisted yellow-eyed grass H N E Zannichelliaceae Zannichellia palustris horned pondweed S, H N Rutaceae Zanthoxylum americanum prickly ash D N Liliaceae Zigadenus elegans white camas H N Poaceae Zizania aquatica var. aquatica southern wild rice G N W Poaceae Zizania palustris northern wild rice G N Poaceae Zizania palustris var. interior northern wild rice G N Poaceae Zizania palustris var. palustris northern wild rice G N Apiaceae Zizia aptera heart-leaved alexanders H N Apiaceae Zizia aurea golden alexanders H N

Checklist created on Monday, November 18, 2013

Minnesota DNR Plant Checklist - November 2013 31