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Family: Arecaceae Taxon: Gaussia attenuata Synonym: Aeria attenuata O. F. Cook (basionym) Common Name: llume palm Puerto Rican gaussia palm palma de sierra Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: L Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 0 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 ? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 n Print Date: 10/17/2012 Gaussia attenuata (Arecaceae) Page 1 of 7 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 y 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, >3 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 n areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: L WRA Score 0 Print Date: 10/17/2012 Gaussia attenuata (Arecaceae) Page 2 of 7 Supporting Data: 101 2008. Roncal, J./Zona, S./Lewis, C.E.. Molecular [Is the species highly domesticated?? No evidence] "Of the 113 genera in this Phylogenetic Studies of Caribbean Palms subfamily, only 13 occur in the West Indies. Gaussia has three species [G. (Arecaceae) and Their Relationships to attenuata (O.F. Cook) Becc., G. princeps H. Wendl., G. spirituana Moya and Biogeography and Conservation. Botanical Leiva] distributed in Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico, on well-drained limestone Review. 74: 78-102. hills or mogotes (Quero & Read, 1986; Moya et al., 1991)." 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 1986. Quero, H.J./Read, R.W.. A Revision of the [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Distribution. Palm Genus Gaussia. Systematic Botany. 11(1): Endemic: Puerto Rico" 145-154. 202 1986. Quero, H.J./Read, R.W.. A Revision of the [Quality of climate match data 2-High] Palm Genus Gaussia. Systematic Botany. 11(1): 145-154. 203 2012. Dave's Gardern. PlantFiles: Llume Palm - [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "Hardiness: USDA Zone Gaussia attenuata. 10a: to -1.1 °C (30 °F) USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 °C (35 °F) USDA Zone 11: above http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67365/. 4.5 °C (40 °F)" … " Hopeless in zone 9b where I tried it several times, but some [Accessed 17 Oct 2012] have had success in warmer zone 10as in southern California." 203 2012. Horticopia Inc.. Gaussia attenuata - llume [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "Hardiness Range: 9A - Palm. 10B" http://www.horticopia.com/hortpix/html/gauatt000. htm. [Accessed 17 Oct 2012] 203 2012. Palmpedia. Gaussia attenuata. [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No evidence] "Very slow, http://www.palmpedia.net/wiki/Gaussia_attenuata and intolerant of cold." [Accessed 17 Oct 2012] 204 1986. Quero, H.J./Read, R.W.. A Revision of the [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] Palm Genus Gaussia. Systematic Botany. 11(1): "Distribution. Endemic: Puerto Rico" 145-154. 205 2012. Palmpedia. Gaussia attenuata. [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural http://www.palmpedia.net/wiki/Gaussia_attenuata range? Questionable. Cultivated in Hawaii and Florida, but unclear how common [Accessed 17 Oct 2012] in cultivation] 301 2007. Randall, R.P.. The introduced flora of [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence from Australia] Australia and its weed status. CRC for Australian Weed Management, Glen Osmond, Australia 301 2008. Meyer, J-Y./Lavergne, C./Hodel, D. R.. [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] Time Bombs in Gardens: Invasive Ornamental Palms in Tropical Islands, with Emphasis on French Polynesia (Pacific Ocean) and the Mascarenes (Indian Ocean). Palms. 52: 71-83. 301 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 301 2012. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Khan, N./Flynn, [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] T.. Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates: A Supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai`i & Hawai`i's Ferns & Fern Allies. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawai ianflora/supplement.htm 302 2007. Randall, R.P.. The introduced flora of [Garden/amenity/disturbance weed? No evidence] Australia and its weed status. CRC for Australian Weed Management, Glen Osmond, Australia 303 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 304 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Environmental weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia Print Date: 10/17/2012 Gaussia attenuata (Arecaceae) Page 3 of 7 305 2008. Meyer, J-Y./Lavergne, C./Hodel, D. R.. [Congeneric weed? No evidence] Time Bombs in Gardens: Invasive Ornamental Palms in Tropical Islands, with Emphasis on French Polynesia (Pacific Ocean) and the Mascarenes (Indian Ocean). Palms. 52: 71-83. 305 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Congeneric weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 401 1986. Quero, H.J./Read, R.W.. A Revision of the [Produces spines, thorns or burrs? No] "Unarmed palms medium height…" Palm Genus Gaussia. Systematic Botany. 11(1): 145-154. 401 2005. Acevedo-Rodríguez, P./Strong, M.T.. [Produces spines, thorns or burrs? No] "Palm 8-12 (30) m tall; trunk basally Monocots and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and enlarged to 25 cm in diam., tapering upwardly to a minimum diam. of (5-) 7-10 cm the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United just below the leaves. Leaves mostly 5-7, erect or spreading; petiole sheath States National Herbarium. 52: 1-415. green, 20-30 cm long; leaves (including petiole and sheath) 1-1.8 m long, with angular rachis; leaf-segments numerous, the longest ones 20-30 cm long, 3 cm broad, the more distal ones much shorter, all acute to acuminate at apex. Inflorescences much shorter than the leaves; panicle branches numerous and densely arranged, simple or forked, up to 25 cm long. Flowers sessile, orange- yellow, the staminate ones ca. 3 mm long, the pistillate ca. 2 mm long. Fruits obovoid, orange-red, 8-10 mm in diam." 402 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. [Allelopathic? Unknown] 403 1986. Quero, H.J./Read, R.W.. A Revision of the [Parasitic? No. Arecaceae] "A tall palm sometimes more than 20 m high, erect, Palm Genus Gaussia. Systematic Botany. 11(1): sometimes slightly leaning." 145-154. 404 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. [Unpalatable to grazing animals? Unknown] 405 2008.
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  • Checklist of the Palms of CELIO E. MOYA López Cuba, with Notes On

    Checklist of the Palms of CELIO E. MOYA López Cuba, with Notes On

    PALMS Moya and Leiva: Checklist of Cuban palms Volume 44(2) 2000 Checklist of CELIO E. MOYA LóPEZ Jardín Botánico Sancti Spiritus the Palms of Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente Apdo. 52, CP 60200 Cuba, with Sancti Spiritus, Cuba Notes on their [email protected] AND Ecology, ANGELA T. LEIVA SÁNCHEZ Jardín Botánico Nacional Carr. El Rocío, km 3 1/2 Distribution Calabazar, CP 19230 Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba and [email protected] Conservation Cuba has a rich palm flora despite its relatively small territory. The palms play an important role in Cuba's landscape and vegetation and in the everyday life of Cuban people, who have multiple uses for these plants (Muñiz & Borhidi 1982). The goal of this study is to up-date the list of Roystonea (Zona 1996), Sabal (Zona 1990) and Cuban palms given by León (1946), taking into Thrinax (Read 1975), as well as the revision of consideration the revisions of several palm Bactris for the Caribbean (Salzman & Judd 1995). genera from the new world and the new species The most recent additions to the list of palms reported for Cuba. This new checklist will allow from Cuba by Moya et al. (1991), Zona (1992) future publications to use the correct and Borhidi and Hernández (1993) were also nomenclature. included. In preparing this checklist, we reviewed the The family Palmae in Cuba is represented by 15 following lists of Cuban species: Grisebach (1866), genera, two subgenera and 81 species, six hybrids Sauvalle (1868), Beccari (1912, 1913), Dahlgren and nine infraspecific taxa for a total of 96 (1936), León (1946), Alain (1969), Muñiz and indigenous palms (Table 1).