DOCSLIB.ORG

Apcri Journal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Apcri Journal Volume XX, Issue II, January 2019 ISSN 0973-5038 APCRIAPCRI JOURNAL Oĸ cial Journal of the AssociaƟ on for PrevenƟ on and Control of Rabies in India (Regd.) Volume XXI, Issue II, January 2020 Published by AssociaƟ on for PrevenƟ on and Control of Rabies in India (APCRI) Also available at: www.apcrijournal.com 1 APCRI Journal Offi ce Bearers of Associa on for Preven on and Control of Rabies in India Founder President & Mentor Dr. M. K. Sudarshan 9481778364/[email protected] President Dr. D. H. Ashwath Narayana 9341948189/[email protected] Vice President Vice President Dr. Durga Madhab Sathpathy Dr. SriKrishna Isloor 9861084175/drdurgams@rediff mail.com 9449992287/[email protected] Joint Secretary Secretary General Treasurer Dr. Krishna Kumar Dr. Sumit Poddar Dr. Ravish H. S. 9431102588/[email protected] 9830059468/[email protected] 9900562743/drravishhs@rediff mail.com Editor Dr. Kajal Krishna Banik 9331048886/[email protected] Zonal Representa ve (North) Zonal Representa ve (North) Dr. H. K. Gohil Dr. Omesh Kumar Bhar 99680977505/[email protected] 9418120302/bhar [email protected] Zonal Representa ve (East) Zonal Representa ve (East) Dr. Gautam Prasad Sarkhel Dr. Tapas Ranjan Behera 9433381169/[email protected] 937183787/[email protected] Zonal Representa ve (West) Zonal Representa ve (West) Dr. Govardhan Meena Dr. M. K. Jhala 9414042908/[email protected] 9824243564/[email protected] Zonal Representa ve (Central) Zonal Representa ve (Central) Dr. M. N. Siddique Dr. Lakhan L Ahirwar 9838071127/[email protected] 942444259/[email protected] Zonal Representa ve (South) Zonal Representa ve (South) Dr. Sunil Kumar K M Dr. Sheela P. Haveri 9740545615/[email protected] 8618629403/[email protected] Advisory Board Dr. S. Abdul Rahman, Dr. B. J. Mahendra, Dr. Jyothi B Du a, Dr. Jugal Kishore, Dr. Muralidhar Thambe, Dr. Chi aranjan Roy, Dr. Reeta S. Mani, Dr. Thinly Bhu a Editorial Board Dr. Reeta S. Mani, Dr. Shrikrishna Isloor, Dr. Jairaj Singh Hanspal, Dr. Durga Madhab Sathpathy, Dr. Baisakhi Maji, Dr. Sunit Mukhopadhayay, Dr. D.H. Ashwath Narayana, Dr. Sumit Poddar, Dr. Ravish H.S. 1 Volume XXI, Issue III, January 2020 ASSOCIATION FOR PREVENTION & CONTROL OF RABIES IN INDIA GENERAL INFORMATION THE JOURNAL The APCRI has become a prime and one of the most vibrant scientifi c organization in the fi eld of rabies elimination with strength of about 750 life members and 40 Founder Life Members. Now APCRI serves as a platform that brings together the best minds in the country comprising of medical professionals, veterinary doctors and others for Advocacy, Research & information dissemination about prevention & control of Rabies. APCRI led by an excellent team of rabies experts and dedicated people and is actively involved in conducting rabies related research, organizing conferences, Continuing Medical Education (CME) programmes, symposia, lectures, trainings, scientifi c publications, book release, etc. and has a pan India representation with global impact. APCRI has its own offi cial indexed and peer reviewed journal on prevention and control of rabies which is published biannually. It is indexed in Index Copernicus International vide ISSN 0973-5038. APCRI, with the technical and fi nancial assistance from World Health Organization (WHO) undertook the landmark national multi-centric rabies survey India during 2002-2004. In 2017, it conducted another Indian multi-centric rabies survey to assess programmatic experiences on rabies control with technical and operational support of WHO. INFORMATION OF AUTHORS There are no page charges for APCRI Journal submission. Please check http://www. apcrijournal. com/Instructions. aspx for details. All articles must be submitted online at http://www. apcrijournal. com/ArticleSubmission. aspx Or To the Editor Dr. Kajal Krishna Banik Email id- kajalbanik@gmail. com, Secretary General Dr. Sumit Poddar Email id- drsumitpoddar@gmail. com, President Dr. D. H. Ashwath Narayana Email Id- dhashwathnarayana@gmail. com, Treasurer Dr. Ravish H. S. Email Id- drravishhs@rediff mail. com POSTAL INFORMATION Transaction of the Association for Prevention and Control of Rabies in India (ISSN 0973-5038) is published two times in a year by APCRI. Annual subscription price is Rs. 300, in addition with postal charges. Dr. Kajal Krishna Banik Editorial Offi ce Editor, APCRI Journal Dr. Sumit Poddar Mob : 9331048886 Secretary General, APCRI Email : kajalbanik@gmail. com H. P. PODDAR MEMORIAL CLINIC & NURSING HOME 56H, Beliaghata Main Road, Kolkata- 700010 Phone No. - 033 2370 6644,2353 9586 Email – drsumitpoddar@gmail. com 2 APCRI Journal ASSOCIATION FOR PREVENTION & CONTROL OF RABIES IN INDIA CONTENTS PAGES • General Information 02 Editorial 04 Dr. Kajal Krishna Banik, Hony Editor, APCRI Special ArƟ cles • Rabies Prophylaxis: What is new in WHO, 2018 Recommendations & its implementation in India – A commentary 05 Dr. M. K. Sudarshan • Improving vaccination coverage of human as well as dogs – Two important steps towards elimination of rabies 09 Dr. Prasanna Deshpande, Dr. S. Sai Krishna, Dr. Devi Prasad Sahoo • Rabies in wildlife -a review in Indian context 13 S. K Mukhopadhyay, D. Borkotoky Original Research ArƟ cles • Out of pocket expenditure for availing rabies post exposure prophylaxis 18 Ramya MP, Ravish HS, Nitu Kumari, Jithin Surendran • A Prospective Study on Psychological Impact in Children After Dog Bite Injuries in Bengaluru Urban 27 Dr Kishore SG, Dr Deepak Murthy HJ, Dr Ranganath TS, Dr Anil Kumar, Mr Vishwanatha V Neela • Seasonal Trend Of Animal Bite Victims Attending Anti Rabies Clinic Of A Tertiary Care Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha. 33 Prof. Durga Madhab Satapathy, Dr. Nivedita Karmeee, Dr. P. Narmada Reddy, Dr. Debasish Pandit Case Report • Safety and immunogenicity of Rabies Human Monoclonal Antibody (Rabishield) in a category III rabid dog bite: A case report 40 Dr. Tapas Ranjan Behera, Dr. Swetaleena Ashe • Serum Sickness should not rule out Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin Administration - A Case Study 42 Dr. Santoshinee Rout, Dr. Tapas Ranjan Behera Special Report • Street Dog Survey 46 Dr. Shrikrishna Isloor • APCRICON 2020 Announcement 60 • Guidelines for applying for “Young Scientist Award” 61 • Instruction to Author 62 • Achievements & Awards 69 3 Volume XXI, Issue III, January 2020 EDITORIAL With the blessings and good wishes of the readers, doctors and researchers on Rabies in general and the members of the Associa on of Physicians for Preven on and Control of Rabies in India in par cular we are here with the new edi on of our pres gious journal. I would like to acknowledge the services of the editorial board members and the contribu ons of our dynamic Secretary General for his tremendous amount of help and coopera on to publish this issue of the journal. Since the new commi ee took over the charge of this journal, we are trying our best to reach out each and every corners of the country to collect, collate and encourage for ar cles on diff erent aspects of rabies control and its management. Unfortunately we are not receiving suffi cient number of papers from the respected teachers, researchers and scien sts. We appeal you all through this to submit your works for publica on. As you all know that it’s not easy in our country to go for hassle free rabies management of rabies, similarly it’sS not possible to manage the disease without proper knowledge and informa on among the prac oners at large. That’s why we have incorporated some important angles of rabies management through diff erent ar cles. You will be glad to know that we have included the current global scenario and the eff orts of the World Health Organisa on (WHO) in this issue along with the most neglected aspect of our health care, the psychological impact of animal bites par cularly in the children. We have included one ar cle to make people aware regarding the seasonality of animal bites in our country with a specifi c inten on to encourage our members to work further to document the epidemiological scenario, if any. We emphasize that a er the last Na onal level guidelines on Rabies provided in 2015 should be rewri en and a fresh and eff ec ve na onal guidelines be published by our na onal Government incorpora ng diff erent recommenda ons of the WHO and other agencies working in the fi eld of rabies control and management without further delay. Let us hope for the best to be able to achieve the goal of Rabies elimina on from our country by 2030. Dr. Kajal Krishna Banik MBBS, DPH, MAE Hony Editor Journal of the Associa on for Preven on and Control of Rabies in India (APCRI) 4 APCRI Journal SPECIAL ARTICLE Rabies prophylaxis: What is new in WHO, 2018 recommendations & its implementation in India - A commentary1 Dr. M. K. Sudarshan* MD (BHU), FAMS, HON, FFPH (UK) ABSTRACT The World Health Organiza on following expert reviews and consulta ons recently in 2018 released two documents i. e. Technical Report Series on rabies, no. 1012 and Posi on Paper on rabies vaccines in weekly epidemiological record, no. 16. In India, the last na onal guidelines on rabies prophylaxis were provided in 2015. Hence, following the WHO, 2018 guidelines in January, 2019, a Government of India expert group on rabies met in New Delhi, reviewed the recent WHO guidelines for adapta on and issuing revised na onal guidelines. In this context, a cri cal appraisal of the rabies prophylaxis in the current situa on is elaborated in this ar cle for the informa on of both private medical prac oner and service provider in government ins tu ons. Key words: Rabies prophylaxis, rabies vaccine, rabies immunoglobulin, rabies monoclonal an body. The World Health Organiza on was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Na ons serving as the direc ng and coordina on authority for interna onal health ma ers and public health.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Enhancing Progress Towards Rabies Elimination 'Zero by 30' in SAARC
    Enhancing Progress towards Rabies Elimination ‘Zero by 30’ in SAARC Region Kathmandu, Nepal; 26-28 June 2019 Report of the workshop i Table of Contents Table of Contents ii Acronyms and Abbreviations iii 1. Executive Summary iv 2. Introduction 1 2.1. Rationale 2 2.2. Objectives of the workshop 2 2.3. Expected Outputs from the workshop 3 3. Opening Session 3 4. Technical sessions briefs 7 4.1. Updates on Global Strategic Plan ‘Zero by 30’, International Standards and guidelines 7 4.2. Setting the scene: Current rabies situation and elimination programmes in the SAARC region 11 4.3. Practical approaches in addressing sector specific issues and challenges 19 4.4. Updates from rabies collaborating centres/reference laboratories 21 4.5. Tools, innovative approaches on rabies elimination and multi-sectoral collaboration for supporting rabies control/elimination 23 4.6. In-country SARE assessment and workplan results 27 4.7. Developing Country plans & regional strategy for rabies elimination goal of 2030. 31 4.8. Garnering support and proposals 36 5. Conclusion and Recommendation 37 6. Annexes: 40 Annex 1: Rabies Situation and its Control/Elimination in the SAARC Countries 40 Annex 2: National rabies elimination strategy based on the SARE assessment and PWARE work planning: 56 Annex 3: Country roadmaps and regional plan for supporting elimination goal of ‘Zero by 30’: Commonalities and recommendations from the World Café Session 60 Annex 4: Workshop Agenda 66 Annex 5: List of participants 72 Annex 6: Country workplan developed from the SARE workhsop conducted in each of the rabies endemic countries except Afghanistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccinate-Assess-Move Method of Mass Canine Rabies Vaccination Utilising Mobile Technology Data Collection in Ranchi
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Vaccinate-assess-move method of mass canine rabies vaccination utilising mobile technology data collection in Ranchi, India Citation for published version: Gibson, AD, Ohal, P, Shervell, K, Handel, IG, Bronsvoort, M, Mellanby, RJ & Gamble, L 2015, 'Vaccinate- assess-move method of mass canine rabies vaccination utilising mobile technology data collection in Ranchi, India', BMC Infectious Diseases, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 589. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1320-2 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1186/s12879-015-1320-2 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: BMC Infectious Diseases Publisher Rights Statement: © 2015 Gibson et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Vet Volunteer Pack
    Non-Vet Volunteer Pack Mission Rabies was born out of a desire to make In September 2013, the project will launch a difference to the lives of millions of people with a high-profile mission to send dedicated and dogs across India. India is the world’s rabies veterinary teams to ten rabies hotspots hotspot, with over a third of the reported cases (‘checkpoints’) across India with the aim of occurring here. Across India, an estimated 24 vaccinating 50,000 dogs over the course of a people a day die of the disease, the majority month, culminating in World Rabies Day. The of which are children. 99% of human cases teams will be supported by the world’s most of rabies are the result of dog bites and, in high-tech, all-terrain, self-sufficient mobile response to this statistic and due to the fear veterinary hospital vehicle, which will travel of rabies, hundreds of thousands of dogs are across India, visiting the checkpoints and indiscriminately and inhumanely killed every carrying out training and essential outreach year across India. veterinary services to improve animal welfare. By focusing our efforts on specific checkpoints, The World Health Organisation states that mass we aim to significantly reduce the incidence of canine vaccination programmes are the most rabies in these areas over a three year period effective measure for controlling rabies, and through sustained vaccination and follow-up that a vaccination target of at least 70% of the neutering campaigns. canine population in a rabies endemic area is necessary for control of the disease in both dogs With your help we can fight the growing and humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviewing Solutions of Scale for Canine Rabies Elimination in India', Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Reviewing Solutions of Scale for Canine Rabies Elimination in India Citation for published version: Gibson, AD, Wallace, RM, Rahman, A, Bharti, OK, Isloor, S, Lohr, F, Gamble, L, Mellanby, RJ, King, A & Day, MJ 2020, 'Reviewing Solutions of Scale for Canine Rabies Elimination in India', Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, vol. 5, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5010047 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3390/tropicalmed5010047 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Publisher Rights Statement: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Review Reviewing Solutions of Scale for Canine Rabies Elimination in India Andrew D.
    [Show full text]
  • Conference on Animal Welfare & Canine Rabies Control
    The Animal Welfare Board of India is an umbrella of the SPCAs / AWOs and animal welfare workers. The Board encourages animal welfare activities, advices the Central and State Governments on issues relating to Animal Welfare, particularly, the prevention of cruelty to animals, and also helps to formulate animal welfare policies / legislations. Vol No.10 Issue No. 1 Re.1/- RNI No. TNBIL2003/10675 January- February, 2014 Message From Chairman Conference on Animal Welfare & Canine Rabies Control Animal Birth Control as a Tool Towards Rabies Control Domesticated and befriended by human beings many thousands of years ago, perhaps no creature has been such an endearing symbol of love, affection, gratitude, courage and loyalty as the dog. Dogs have provided companionship to children, young people, senior citizens, soldiers and millions of people around the world from all ages and all walks of life for so many aeons. Rightfully, dogs have always been referred to as human being's best friend. I have personally experienced amazing incidents of indomitable courage, loyalty and boundless affection displayed by the dogs in the two dog commando squads that I was in charge of while working in the Indian army. The Board is a statutory and advisory body of the Government of India, whose mandate is to reduce the suffering of all animals and especially to improve the welfare of the street dogs and the abandoned cattle. Besides, the Board plays a key role in issues pertaining to policies and legislation pertaining to animal welfare issues. The policies are decided by 28 members of the Board. However, the implementation Bengaluru: The 18th Commonwealth Veterinary Association's Regional Meeting and Satellite Conferences on of the animal protection laws at the state, city and district level is not Animal Welfare and Canine Rabies Control was held at the Auditorium of the National Institute of Animal within the mandate of the Board.
    [Show full text]
  • (GPS) and Smart Phone Technology in Rabies Control Program in Kotagiri, Nilgiris District, India E
    Nepalese Vet. J. 35:122-133 Using Mapping, Global Positioning System (GPS) and Smart Phone Technology in Rabies Control Program in Kotagiri, Nilgiris District, India E. Pandey1,*, D.K. Singh2, R. Raut3 1Vet for Your Pet Small Animal Clinic, Kathmandu, Nepal 2Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Nepal 3Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT In this study, we utilized a catch-vaccinate-release approach for dogs in a canine rabies vaccination program in Kotagiri municipality, India. Following vaccination, surveys on dog population and their vaccination status was undertaken. A bespoke smartphone ‘Mission Rabies’ application was developed to facilitate data entry and team management. This global positioning system (GPS) enabled application captured the location of all vaccinated dogs and dogs sighted on post-vaccination surveys. In areas where coverage was below 70%, catching teams were re-deployed to vaccinate additional dogs followed by repeat survey. Out of 248 dogs captured, only 210 dogs were vaccinated because of the previous vaccination history within a year, and refusal of owner due to their misconceptions. In survey, 147 dogs were sighted of which 77 were seen marked with paints indicating a vaccination coverage of 52.4%. The total estimated dog population was found to be 475. Our study demonstrated that mobile technology enabled effi cient team management and real-time data entry and analysis. The vaccination approach outlined in this study can serve as a guideline for rapid vaccination of large numbers of dogs with a high coverage rate in free roaming dog populations in India in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviewing Solutions of Scale for Canine Rabies Elimination in India
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Review Reviewing Solutions of Scale for Canine Rabies Elimination in India Andrew D. Gibson 1,2,* , Ryan M. Wallace 3, Abdul Rahman 4, Omesh K. Bharti 5 , Shrikrishna Isloor 6, Frederic Lohr 1, Luke Gamble 1, Richard J. Mellanby 2 , Alasdair King 7 and Michael J. Day 8 1 Mission Rabies, 4 Castle Street, Cranborne, Dorset BH21 5PZ, UK 2 The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK 3 United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA 4 Commonwealth Veterinary Association 123, 7th B Main Road, 4th Block West, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560011, Karnataka, India 5 State Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Parimahal, Kasumpti, Shimla 171009, Himachal Pradesh, India 6 Bangalore Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, India 7 Merck Animal Health, Madison, NJ 07940, USA 8 World Small Animal Veterinary Association and School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 December 2019; Accepted: 18 March 2020; Published: 23 March 2020 Abstract: Canine rabies elimination can be achieved through mass vaccination of the dog population, as advocated by the WHO, OIE and FAO under the ‘United Against Rabies’ initiative. Many countries in which canine rabies is endemic are exploring methods to access dogs for vaccination, campaign structures and approaches to resource mobilization. Reviewing aspects that fostered success in rabies elimination campaigns elsewhere, as well as examples of largescale resource mobilization, such as that seen in the global initiative to eliminate poliomyelitis, may help to guide the planning of sustainable, scalable methods for mass dog vaccination.
    [Show full text]
  • Animal Welfare Board of India
    _________________________________________________ ANNUAL REPORT 2012-2013 ANIMAL WELFARE BOARD OF INDIA ANNUAL REPORT 2012 - 2013 13/1, Third Seaward Road, PO Box. 8672, Valmiki Nagar, Thiruvanmiyur, Chennai - 600 041. Phone : 044-24571024 / 24571025 Fax : 044 - 24571016 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.awbi.org 1 ANIMAL WELFARE BOARD__________________________________ CONTENTS Introduction and Mandate of the Board 1 Board Members 3 Meetings of the Board 7 Funds 8 Grants -in- Aid & Expenditure 9 Recognition of AWBs 11 Financial Assistance 12 Mobile Animal Clinic 14 Humane Education 14 Celebration of Animal Welfare Fortright 14 Training Programme 16 Cruelty Cases 17 Legal Cases 33 AWBI Publications 39 Performing Animal Rules 39 Tours and Inspections 40 Board’s Activities 43 Activities of AWOS/SPCAs and Others 47 Press Meets 53 Conclusion 53 ANNEXURES FINAL ACCOUNTS 55 Separte Audit Report of the C & AG of India on the Accounts of AWBI Chennai for the year ended 31st March 2013 95 Regular Grant released to AWO’s in the Financial year 2012-2013 105 Rescued Cattle Maintenance grant released in 2012-13 120 Shelter Grant Released in 2012-13 123 ABC Grant Released in 2012-13 126 Ambulance Grant Released in 2012-13 129 Natural Calamity Grant Released in 2012-13 131 List of AWOs Recognised by AWBI in 2012-13 132 2 _________________________________________________ ANNUAL REPORT 2012-2013 INTRODUCTION The Animal Welfare Board of India is the country’s apex body for promoting the welfare of animals. Established in 1962 under Section 4 of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 (No. 59 of 1960), the Animal Welfare Board of India started working under the stewardship of Late Smt.
    [Show full text]
  • Vet & Nurse Volunteer Pack
    Vet & Nurse Volunteer Pack Mission Rabies was born out of a desire to make In September 2013, the project will launch a difference to the lives of millions of people with a high-profile mission to send dedicated and dogs across India. India is the world’s rabies veterinary teams to ten rabies hotspots hotspot, with over a third of the reported cases (‘checkpoints’) across India with the aim of occurring here. Across India, an estimated 24 vaccinating 50,000 dogs over the course of a people a day die of the disease, the majority month, culminating in World Rabies Day. The of which are children. 99% of human cases teams will be supported by the world’s most of rabies are the result of dog bites and, in high-tech, all-terrain, self-sufficient mobile response to this statistic and due to the fear veterinary hospital vehicle, which will travel of rabies, hundreds of thousands of dogs are across India, visiting the checkpoints and indiscriminately and inhumanely killed every carrying out training and essential outreach year across India. veterinary services to improve animal welfare. By focusing our efforts on specific checkpoints, The World Health Organisation states that mass we aim to significantly reduce the incidence of canine vaccination programmes are the most rabies in these areas over a three year period effective measure for controlling rabies, and through sustained vaccination and follow-up that a vaccination target of at least 70% of the neutering campaigns. canine population in a rabies endemic area is necessary for control of the disease in both dogs With your help we can fight the growing and humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccinate-Assess-Move Method of Mass Canine Rabies Vaccination Utilising Mobile Technology Data Collection in Ranchi, India Andrew D
    Gibson et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2015) 15:589 DOI 10.1186/s12879-015-1320-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Vaccinate-assess-move method of mass canine rabies vaccination utilising mobile technology data collection in Ranchi, India Andrew D. Gibson1, Praveen Ohal2, Kate Shervell1, Ian G. Handel3, Barend M. Bronsvoort4, Richard J. Mellanby3* and Luke Gamble1 Abstract Background: Over 20 000 people die from rabies each year in India. At least 95 % of people contract rabies from an infected dog. Annual vaccination of over 70 % of the dog population has eliminated both canine and human rabies in many countries. Despite having the highest burden of rabies in the world, there have been very few studies which have reported the successful, large scale vaccination of dogs in India. Furthermore, many Indian canine rabies vaccination programmes have not achieved high vaccine coverage. Methods: In this study, we utilised a catch-vaccinate-release approach in a canine rabies vaccination programme in 18 wards in Ranchi, India. Following vaccination, surveys of the number of marked, vaccinated and unmarked, unvaccinated dogs were undertaken. A bespoke smartphone ‘Mission Rabies’ application was developed to facilitate data entry and team management. This enabled GPS capture of the location of all vaccinated dogs and dogs sighted on post vaccination surveys. In areas where coverage was below 70 %, catching teams were re-deployed to vaccinate more dogs followed by repeat survey. Results: During the initial vaccination cycle, 6593 dogs were vaccinated. Vaccination coverage was over 70 % in 14 of the 18 wards. A second cycle of vaccination was performed in the 4 wards where initial vaccination coverage was below 70 %.
    [Show full text]
  • Portable Rabies Virus Sequencing in Canine Rabies Endemic Countries Using the Oxford Nanopore Minion
    viruses Article Portable Rabies Virus Sequencing in Canine Rabies Endemic Countries Using the Oxford Nanopore MinION Crystal M. Gigante 1 , Gowri Yale 2 , Rene Edgar Condori 1 , Niceta Cunha Costa 3, Nguyen Van Long 4, Phan Quang Minh 4, Vo Dinh Chuong 4, Nguyen Dang Tho 5, Nguyen Tat Thanh 6, Nguyen Xuan Thin 6, Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh 6, Gati Wambura 7, Frederick Ade 7, Oscar Mito 7, Veronicah Chuchu 7,8, Mathew Muturi 9 , Athman Mwatondo 9, Katie Hampson 10 , Samuel M. Thumbi 7,11,12 , Byron G. Thomae 13, Victor Hugo de Paz 14, Sergio Meneses 14, Peninah Munyua 15, David Moran 16, Loren Cadena 17, Andrew Gibson 18 , Ryan M. Wallace 1, Emily G. Pieracci 1 and Yu Li 1,* 1 Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; [email protected] (C.M.G.); [email protected] (R.E.C.); [email protected] (R.M.W.); [email protected] (E.G.P.) 2 Mission Rabies, Tonca, Panjim, Goa 403001, India; [email protected] 3 Disease Investigation Unit, Directorate of Animal Health and Veterinary Services, Patto, Panjim, Goa 403001, India; [email protected] 4 Vietnam Department of Animal Health, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; [email protected] (N.V.L.); [email protected] (P.Q.M.); [email protected] (V.D.C.) 5 National Center for Veterinary Diseases, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; [email protected] 6 Sub-Department of Animal Health, Phú Thọ Province 35000, Vietnam; [email protected] (N.T.T.); [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • Free Roaming Dog Population, Community Perception and Control of Dog Related Rabies: the Indian Story
    Free roaming dog population, community perception and control of dog related rabies: the Indian story Harish Kumar Tiwari A thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Veterinary Medicine Murdoch University Western Australia September 2019 Declaration I declare this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. Harish Kumar Tiwari ii Abstract Most human deaths from rabies in India are caused by the bites of free roaming dogs (FRD), however studies on the demography of FRD and the community perception of rabies and FRD are virtually lacking in the country. This study was conducted in rural and urban India to: recommend a reliable enumeration method for FRD; describe the demography of FRD; assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of communities towards rabies and FRD; and assess the KAP of rural para-medical staff on dog-bite wound management. The Application SuperDuplicates online tool was found to reliably enumerate the FRD population size with minimal resources. In the rural site fewer dogs were sighted within 20 metres of garbage points (OR 0.3) than more distant; while in the urban site more FRD were sighted near garbage points (OR 1.6) than away from these sites. The re-sight probability (β = 0.3) and de-sexing status (β = -0.07) of FRD had a positive and negative influence, respectively on urban FRD forming groups. The tendency to form groups in the rural FRD was influenced by frequency of being re-sighted (β = -0.1) and presence of garbage within 20m (β = 0.2).
    [Show full text]