Version 3 March 2016 NDA Strategy Integrated Impact Assessment Report Volume 3: Baseline Report and Policy and Legislative Context Review Final March 2016 Doc ID: 23649278 NDA Strategy Version 3 March 2016 Contents Baseline Report ...................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Sources 1 2.0 The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority estate ...................................... 3 2.1 Sellafield (SLC – Sellafield Ltd) 3 2.2 Magnox nuclear power stations (SLC – Magnox Ltd) 3 2.3 Nuclear research facilities (SLC – Magnox Ltd) 3 2.4 Dounreay (SLC – Dounreay Site Restoration Limited) 4 2.5 Capenhurst uranium enrichment facility (SLC – Capenhurst Nuclear Services) 4 2.6 Springfields nuclear fuel manufacturing facility (SLC – Springfields Fuels Limited) 4 2.7 Low Level Waste Repository (SLC – LLWR Repository Ltd) 4 3.0 Site Specific Baseline / Community Profiles ............................................. 7 3.1 Berkeley 7 3.2 Bradwell 9 3.3 Chapelcross 11 3.4 Dungeness A 13 3.5 Trawsfynydd 15 3.6 Sizewell A 17 3.7 Dounreay 19 3.8 Sellafield 21 3.9 Oldbury 23 3.10 Hinkley Point A 25 3.11 Hunterston A 27 3.12 Wylfa 29 3.13 Capenhurst 31 3.14 Low Level Waste Repository (LLWR) 33 3.15 Springfields 35 3.16 Winfrith 37 3.17 Harwell 39 4.0 Future Baseline .......................................................................................... 41 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Future health and socio-economic baseline 41 4.3 Future Environmental Baseline 46 4.4 Assumptions / Limitations 57 Appendix A Socio-economic and health indicators ............................... 58 Final - NDA Strategy - Integrated Impact Assessment Report i March 2016 NDA Strategy Version 3 March 2016 Policy and Legislative Context Review .............................................................. 78 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................ 78 1.1 Purpose of the review 78 1.2 Review Structure 78 2.0 Relevant Legislation and Policy ............................................................... 79 2.1 The NDA Strategy 79 2.2 Radioactive emissions and discharges 79 2.3 Air quality 81 2.4 Climate change and energy 81 2.5 Biodiversity, flora and fauna 82 2.6 Landscape and visual impacts 84 2.7 Cultural heritage 84 2.8 Water resources and quality 85 2.9 Coastal change and flood risk 86 2.10 Geology and soils 86 2.11 Materials and waste 87 2.12 Noise and vibration 88 2.13 Socio-economics 88 2.14 Health 89 3.0 Site-specific local policy and development strategies ........................... 91 4.0 Reference list of legislation, plans, policies and strategies ................ 100 4.1 International level 100 4.2 European level 100 4.3 National level 102 4.4 Local level 105 Final - NDA Strategy - Integrated Impact Assessment Report ii March 2016 NDA Strategy Version 3 March 2016 Baseline Report 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Introduction This report presents the baseline environmental, health and socio-economic conditions at each of the 17 sites that make up the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) estate. The information contained within this report will be used to inform the Integrated Impact Assessment (IIA) of the NDA Strategy, which sets out the NDA’s strategic approach to undertaking decommissioning activities across its sites. Environmental baseline conditions have been established through desk-based research using Geographic Information System applications such as DEFRA’s MAGIC application, and from consulting Site Specific Baseline Reports that are produced annually by the Site Licence Companies (SLCs) which manage the NDA sites. These reports cover a broad range of environmental aspects and indicators, including topics such as air quality, noise, biodiversity, flora and fauna and the water environment. As these reports have been produced according to the scope of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the previous NDA Strategy (2011), much of the information is relevant for the IIA of the NDA Strategy (2016). In line with the SEA Directive requirement to consider the likely evolution of the baseline, future environmental baseline conditions have been established, where possible, using the Site Specific Baseline Reports and local authority development plans and strategies. Information on site end states has also been obtained from the Site Specific Baselines. Future baseline information covering topics such as air quality and climate change has been obtained from a variety of sources and is presented in Chapter 4. In addition to environmental baseline conditions, an overview of the demographic, health and socio- economic characteristics of the local communities neighbouring the sites is provided in the form of Community Profiles. These profiles cover issues of importance to Health Impact Assessment (HIA) and Socio-economic Impact Assessment (SeIA) identified through desk-top collection of data at national, regional and local spatial scales. The data sources used to develop these profiles are listed in Section 1.2. 1.2 Sources 1.2.1 Office for National Statistics (ONS) The ONS is the UK’s largest independent producer of official statistics and is the recognised national statistical institute for the UK. Its duties are the collection, compilation, analysis and dissemination of a range of economic, health, social and demographic statistics derived from the 2011 Census. The geographical scope of the data is predominantly England and Wales, with Scotland’s Census Data Explorer providing access to aggregated and anonymised results from the Scottish regional census. As none of the NDA sites considered in this report are located in Northern Ireland, data collection has focused on England, Scotland and Wales. 1.2.2 Department for Communities and Local Government, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2010 The English Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) indicate the relative deprivation of each LSOA (Lower Super Output Area) in which sites are situated (Department of Communities and Local Government 2010a). The IMD provides a relative measure of deprivation at small area levels in England. Areas are ranked from least deprived (100%) to most deprived (<10%). The English Indices of Deprivation 2010 are based on the following seven indicators or ‘domains’: • Income; • Employment; Final - NDA Strategy - Integrated Impact Assessment Report 1 March 2016 NDA Strategy Version 3 March 2016 • Health and disability; • Education, skills and training; • Barriers to housing and Services; • Living environment; and • Crime. Each domain is assessed using a range of socio-economic and demographic criteria, and represents a specific form of deprivation experienced by people within an individual LSOA. 1.2.3 Scottish Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) Scotland has its own Indices of Multiple Deprivation Index which is broadly similar to the English IMD and follows the same ranking process. The main difference between the Scottish and English Indices of Deprivation is the choice of domains considered, which for Scotland includes geographic access but does not include disability, barriers to services or living environment. 1.2.4 NOMIS Office Labour Market Statistics NOMIS is a service provided by the ONS to give access to detailed UK labour market statistics from the 2011 Census. The main advantage of this data source is the uniform coverage of England, Scotland and Wales, allowing for consistent data collection and comparison. 1.2.5 Cancer Research UK The Cancer Research UK Local Cancer Statistics provides an online platform that supports local authority profiles, indicating incidence of cancer. The database comprises three separate national sources to provide combined data for England, Scotland and Wales. These sources are: • NCIN Cancer E-Atlas (2010); • ISD Scotland (2013); and • The Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit (2012). 1.2.6 British Heart Foundation In 2012, the British Heart Foundation published a compendium of health statistics comprising extensive statistics on disease rates and risk factor levels by age, gender, socio-economic group and ethnic origin, as well as regional, national and international variations over time. Final - NDA Strategy - Integrated Impact Assessment Report 2 March 2016 NDA Strategy Version 3 March 2016 2.0 The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority estate The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) estate comprises 17 sites across England, Wales and Scotland (Figure 2-A). Ten sites have Magnox nuclear power stations that are either planned for or undergoing decommissioning. The other seven sites have performed a variety of operations involved in the nuclear fuel cycle. This includes research, uranium enrichment, fuel fabrication, fuel reprocessing and waste storage. The current status of these sites is outlined below. 2.1 Sellafield (SLC – Sellafield Ltd) The Sellafield site, located 15 km south of Whitehaven, Cumbria covers an area of approximately 276 hectares. Ongoing operations centre upon a range of nuclear fuel cycle activities undertaken in various facilities across the site. The site also incorporates Calder Hall, a four reactor Magnox nuclear power station (formerly grid-supplying), Windscale Advanced Gas Reactor and the Windscale Piles reactors. Works at Sellafield commenced in 1947, with Calder Hall becoming operational in 1956 and shutting down in 2003. Commercial reprocessing