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Rodomonte E Isabella

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Rodomonte E Isabella SEZIONE 9 – ARIOSTO E IL POEMA DEL MOVIMENTO Capitolo 3 – L’ Orlando furioso Orlando furioso , XXVIII, 85-102; XXIX, 1-27 W4 Rodomonte e Isabella Le ultime ottave del XXVIII canto e le prime del XXIX sono occupate da uno degli episodi più celebri del Furioso . Rodomonte, allontanatosi dal campo dei saraceni dopo aver subìto il rifiuto da parte di Doralice (che a lui preferisce Mandricardo), de - cide di prendere dimora in una chiesa abbandonata nei pressi di Montpellier; qui giunge casualmente Isabella, che pur di non infrangere il voto di castità fatto per onorare la memoria del suo amato Zerbino, si sottrae ai desideri erotici di Rodomonte procurandosi la morte con un espediente. 85 Posto ch’ebbe alle liti e alle contese termine il re pagan, lasciò la mensa; indi nel letto per dormir si stese fin al partir de l’aria scura e densa: ma de la notte, a sospirar l’offese più della donna ch’a dormir, dispensa. Quindi parte all’uscir del nuovo raggio, e far disegna in nave il suo vïaggio. 86 Però ch’avendo tutto quel rispetto ch’a buon cavallo dee buon cavalliero, a quel suo bello e buono, ch’a dispetto tenea di Sacripante e di Ruggiero; vedendo per duo giorni averlo stretto più che non si dovria sì buon destriero, lo pon, per riposarlo, e lo rassetta in una barca, e per andar più in fretta. 87 Senza indugio al nocchier varar la barca, e dar fa i remi all’acqua da la sponda. 85 1-2. Posto … la mensa: donna amata che a dormire . sciuto in esso il suo cavallo Frontalatte, nelle ottave immediatamente prece - 7. Quindi … raggio: Da qui ( quindi ), di cui era stato a sua volta derubato denti (83-84), l’oste presso il quale Ro - allo spuntare del giorno ( del nuovo (XXVII, 71 e sgg.). Da notare l’insisti - domonte si era fermato (XXVII, 130 e raggio ). ta iterazione, nello spazio di pochi ver - sgg.) aveva cercato di difendere le don - 8. far disegna: decide di fare . si, dell’aggettivo buono , in riferimento ne dall’accusa di infedeltà e di inaffida - sia a Rodomonte sia al suo destriero. bilità a loro tradizionalmente imputa - 86 1-4. Però … Ruggiero: 5-6. vedendo … destriero: rendendo - ta, suscitando in tal modo l’ira del «re Poiché aveva nei confronti del suo ca - si conto di aver forzato il suo destrie - pagan», sdegnato dal rifiuto di Dorali - vallo, che possedeva a dispetto di Sa - ro più di quanto avrebbe dovuto ( più ce (da qui, appunto, le liti e le contese cripante e di Ruggiero, quel rispetto e che si dovria ). del v. 1). quella cura che ogni buon cavaliere de - 7. lo rassetta: lo sistema . 4-6. fin al partir … dispensa: fino a ve a un buon cavallo . Rodomonte ave - che non si dissipasse il buio fitto della va infatti sottratto il cavallo Frontino a 87 1. varar la barca: mettere notte ( aria scura e densa ); ma trascor - Ruggiero (XXIII, 32 e sgg.); successiva - la barca in acqua . re la notte ( de la notte… dispensa ) più mente anche Sacripante ne aveva ri - 2. e dar… la sponda: e fa mettere i re - a sospirare per le offese subite dalla vendicato la proprietà, avendo ricono - mi in acqua, dal fianco della barca . C. Bologna, P. Rocchi, Rosa fresca aulentissima © Loescher Editore - Torino 1 Quella, non molto grande e poco carca, se ne va per la Sonna giù a seconda. Non fugge il suo pensier né se ne scarca Rodomonte per terra né per onda: lo trova in su la proda e in su la poppa; e se cavalca, il porta dietro in groppa. 88 Anzi nel capo, o sia nel cor gli siede, La guerra dei pensieri Per descrivere lo stato d’animo di Ò e di fuor caccia ogni conforto e serra. L Rodomonte, Ariosto ricorre alla Di ripararsi il misero non vede, B metafora bellica ( nemici ; guerra ; O da poi che gli nimici ha ne la terra. è combattuto , aiuto ), ricorrente Non sa da chi sperar possa mercede, nella poesia stilnovista e se gli fanno i domestici suoi guerra : petrarchesca per descrivere il conflitto interno di chi soffre la notte e ’l giorno e sempre è combattuto d’amore. da quel crudel che dovria dargli aiuto . 89 Naviga il giorno e la notte seguente Rodomonte col cor d’affanni grave; e non si può l’ingiuria tor di mente, che da la donna e dal suo re avuto have; e la pena e il dolor medesmo sente, che sentiva a cavallo, ancora in nave: né spegner può, per star ne l’acqua, il fuoco, né può stato mutar, per mutar loco. 3. poco carca: con poco carico, leg - 88 1-2. Anzi … serra: Anzi il na ), aveva infatti preferito Mandricar - gera . pensiero della donna gli occupa la do a Rodomonte; e Agramante (il suo 4. la Sonna: la Saona (Saône), fiume mente e il cuore, e caccia e chiude fuo - re ) aveva respinto la richiesta di Rodo - affluente del Rodano. ri ( serra ) ogni consolazione . monte di battersi in duello con il riva - 4-8. Non fugge … groppa: Rodo - 3-6. Di ripararsi … guerra: Il misero le per ottenere l’amata (XXVII, 104 e monte non si libera del pensiero della Rodomonte non trova il modo di ri - sgg.). donna amata, né viaggiando in terra pararsi, dal momento che ha dentro di 7-8. né spegner … mutar loco: né rie - né viaggiando in acqua: lo ritrova sul - sé ( ne la terra ) i suoi nemici. Non sa sce a spegnere il fuoco per il fatto di la prua ( in su la proda ) e a poppa e, se da chi sperare conforto ( mercede ), da - stare in acqua ( per star ne l’acqua ), né cavalca, lo porta con sé in groppa . No - to che sono proprio i suoi intimi sen - cambiare la sua condizione pur cam - biando luogo . Osserva il ben calibrato ta la metonimia di onda per “acqua”. timenti e pensieri ( i domestici suoi ) a muovergli guerra . Nota l’uso, altret - innesto tra il registro metaforico (il fuo - Degna di rilievo, inoltre, la costruzione tanto ricorrente nella poesia stilnovista co della rabbia e dell’amore) e quello re - a chiasmo sapientemente conferita dal e petrarchesca, della metafora della ferenziale ( l’acqua , che invece non è poeta ai versi finali: la successione ter - guerra per descrivere lo stato conflit - metaforica, ma reale), cui corrisponde ra-acqua del v. 6 («per terra … per on - tuale di chi soffre d’amore. una selezione e distribuzione delle tes - da») viene esplicitata e al contempo ro - 8. quel crudel … aiuto: quel crudele sere lessicali quanto mai attenta agli esi - vesciata nei due versi di chiusura del - pensiero che invece dovrebbe recargli ti fonico-ritmici: oltre all’anafora «né l’ottava (per cui si trova prima il riferi - aiuto . … né» (cui si aggiunge il ne del v. 7), si mento al viaggio in barca: «in su la pro - osservi la rima interna «star … mutar» da e in su la poppa»; e in seconda bat - 89 2. d’affanni grave: appe - e il gioco multiplo del chiasmo («né tuta al viaggio via terra: «e se cavalca santito dagli affanni. spegner può» / «né può […] mutar»; […]»). 3-4. e non … have: Doralice ( la don - «stato mutar» / «mutar loco»). 2 C. Bologna, P. Rocchi, Rosa fresca aulentissima © Loescher Editore - Torino 90 Come l’infermo, che dirotto e stanco di febbre ardente, va cangiando lato; o sia su l’uno o sia su l’altro fianco spera aver, se si volge, miglior stato; né sul destro riposa né sul manco, e per tutto ugualmente è travagliato: così il pagano al male ond’era infermo mal trova in terra e male in acqua schermo. 91 Non puote in nave aver più pazïenza, e si fa porre in terra Rodomonte. Lion passa e Vïenna, indi Valenza, e vede in Avignone il ricco ponte; che queste terre et altre ubidïenza, che son tra il fiume e ’l celtibero monte, rendean al re Agramante e al re di Spagna dal dì che fur signor de la campagna. 92 Verso Acquamorta a man dritta si tenne con animo in Algier passare in fretta; e sopra un fiume ad una villa venne e da Bacco e da Cerere diletta, che per le spesse ingiurie, che sostenne dai soldati, a votarsi fu constretta. Quinci il gran mare, e quindi ne l’apriche valli vede ondeggiar le bionde spiche. 90 1-8. Come l’infermo … la quale Ariosto ricorda il «ricco pon - Bacco è infatti, nella mitologia classica, schermo: Come il malato, che affran - te», che in realtà fu costruito solo nel XII il dio del vino; Cerere invece la dea del - to ( dirotto ) e stanco per la febbre ar - secolo). l’agricoltura. dente, cambia lato, e spera, girandosi 5-8. che queste … campagna: queste 5-6. che … constretta: che a causa (se si volge ) ora su un fianco ora sul - città, e altre che si trovano tra il Roda - delle frequenti incursioni ( spesse in - l’altro, di migliorare la sua condizione, no ( il fiume ) e i monti Pirenei ( ‘l celti - giurie ) dei soldati è rimasto abbando - ma non trova riposo né sul lato destro bero monte ), obbedivano ad Agraman - nato . né sul sinistro, e ugualmente prova te e al re di Spagna [Marsilio] da quan - 7-8. Quinci … spiche: Da una parte dappertutto dolore; così Rodomonte do ( dal dì che ) questi ultimi se ne im - (Quinci ) vide ondeggiare il mare, dal - non trova riparo ( schermo ) al male di padronirono . I Pirenei sono detti da l’altra ( quindi ) vide ondeggiare le Ariosto «celtibero monte» perché essi cui era infermo, né in terra né in ac - bionde spighe di grano nelle assolate qua .
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