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JSE 301 Online.Indd JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATION A Publication of the Society for Scientifi c Exploration (ISSN 0892-3310) Editorial Offi ce: Journal of Scientifi c Exploration, Society for Scientifi c Exploration, Kathleen E. Erickson, JSE Managing Editor, 151 Petaluma Blvd. So., #301, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA [email protected], 1-415-435-1604, (fax 1-707-559-5030) Manuscript Submission: Submit manuscripts online at http://journalofscientifi cexploration.org/index.php/jse/login Editor-in-Chief: Stephen E. Braude, University of Maryland Baltimore County Managing Editor: Kathleen E. Erickson, Petaluma, CA Assistant Managing Editor: Eve E. Blasband, Larkspur, CA Assistant Managing Editor: Elissa Hoeger, Princeton, NJ Associate Editors Carlos S. Alvarado, Th e Rhine Research Center, Chapel Hill, NC Daryl Bem, Ph.D., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Robert Bobrow, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY Courtney Brown, Emory University, Atlanta, GA Etzel Cardeña, Lund University, Sweden Jeremy Drake, Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA Bernard Haisch, Digital Universe Foundation, USA Michael Ibison, Institute for Advanced Studies, Austin, TX Roger D. Nelson, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ Mark Rodeghier, Center for UFO Studies, Chicago, IL Daniel Sheehan, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA Michael Sudduth, San Francisco State University, CA Society for Scientifi c Exploration Website — http://www.scientifi cexploration.org Editorial Board Chair, Prof. Richard C. Henry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Dr. Mikel Aickin, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ Dr. Steven J. Dick, U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, DC Dr. Peter Fenwick, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK Dr. Alan Gauld, University of Nottingham, UK Prof. Robert G. Jahn, Princeton University, NJ Prof. W. H. Jeff erys, University of Texas, Austin, TX Dr. Wayne B. Jonas, Samueli Institute, Alexandria, VA Dr. Michael Levin, Tufts University, Boston, MA Dr. David C. Pieri, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA Prof. Juan Roederer, University of Alaska–Fairbanks, AK Prof. Peter A. Sturrock, Stanford University, CA Prof. Yervant Terzian, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Prof. N. C. Wickramasinghe, Churchill College, UK SUBSCRIPTIONS & PREVIOUS JOURNAL ISSUES: Order forms on back pages or at scientifi cexploration.org. COPYRIGHT: Authors retain copyright to their writings. However, when an article has been submitted to the Journal of Scientifi c Exploration, the Journal holds fi rst serial rights. Additionally, the Society has the right to post the published article on the Internet and make it available via electronic and print subscription. Th e material must not appear anywhere else (including on an Internet website) until it has been published by the Journal (or rejected). After publication, authors may use the material as they wish but should make appropriate reference to JSE: “Reprinted from “[title of article]”, Journal of Scientifi c Exploration, vol. [x], no. [xx], pp. [xx], published by the Society for Scientifi c Exploration, http://www.scientifi cexploration.org.” Journal of Scientifi c Exploration (ISSN 0892-3310) is published quarterly in March, June, September, and Decem- ber by the Society for Scientifi c Exploration, 151 Petaluma Blvd. So., #301, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. Society Members receive online Journal subscriptions with their membership. Online Library subscriptions are $135. JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATION A Publication of the Society for Scientifi c Exploration AIMS AND SCOPE: Th e Journal of Scientifi c Exploration publishes material consistent with the Society’s mission: to provide a professional forum for critical discussion of topics that are for various reasons ignored or studied inadequately within mainstream science, and to promote improved understanding of social and intellectual factors that limit the scope of scientifi c inquiry. Topics of interest cover a wide spectrum, ranging from apparent anomalies in well-established disciplines to paradoxical phenomena that seem to belong to no established discipline, as well as philosophical issues about the connections among disciplines. Th e Journal publishes research articles, review articles, essays, commentaries, guest editorials, historical perspectives, obituaries, book reviews, and letters or commentaries pertaining to previously published material. JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC EXPLORATION A Publication of the Society for Scientifi c Exploration Volume 30, Number 1 2016 Editorial 5 Editorial STEPHEN E. BRAUDE Research Articles 10 Prospective Statistical Power: Sample Size Recommendations for the Investigation of the Main Parapsychological Phenomena PATRIZIO TRESSOLDI 16 Consistency in Eyewitness Reports of CHARLES G. M. PAXTON Aquatic “Monsters” A. J. SHINE 27 Follow-Up Investigation of the Felix Circle STEPHEN E. BRAUDE Commentary 56 Further Comments about Kai Mügge’s Alleged Mediumship and Recent Developments MICHAEL NAHM Historical Perspective 63 On Psychic Forces and Doubles: The Case of of Albert de Rochas CARLOS S. ALVARADO Letters to the Editor 85 Physical Mediumship: Trying to Move on ZOFIA WEAVER 92 A Recent Instance of Psi Censorship in Psychological Science? GARY E. SCHWARTZ Obituaries 94 Edgar D. Mitchell, 1930–2016 JOHN ALEXANDER 97 Richard (Dick) G. Shoup, 1943–2015 JAMES SPOTTISWOODE Book Reviews 101 Testing Prayer: Science and Healing by Candy Gunther Brown LARRY DOSSEY 112 Sleep Paralysis: Historical, Psychological, and Medical Perspectives by Brian A. Sharpless and Karl Doghramji GERHARD MAYER 116 Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality by Max Tegmark FRED ALAN WOLF 120 Return to Magonia: Investigating UFOs in History by Chris Aubeck and Martin Shough THOMAS E. BULLARD 126 Molecular Memories by Robert G. Jahn and Brenda J. Dunne ROGER NELSON Further Books of Note 129 The Science Delusion: Asking the Big Questions in a Culture of Easy Answers by Curtis White HENRY H. BAUER 131 Late Night Thoughts about Science by Peter A. Sturrock HENRY H. BAUER 133 A Manifestation of Monsters: Examining the (Un)usual Suspects by Karl P. N. Shuker HENRY H. BAUER SSE News 135 SSE and PA Joint Annual Meeting Announcement 137 Aspiring Explorers Program 138 SSE Joint Euro-Meeting Announcement with Swedish Society for Parapsychological Research and Agora Centre for Biosystems 141 SSE Masthead 142 Index of Previous Articles in JSE 161 Order forms for JSE Issues, JSE Subscriptions, and Society Membership 164 Instructions for JSE Authors Journal of Scientifi c Exploration, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 5–9, 2016 0892-3310/16 EDITORIAL or SSE members fascinated by well-documented accounts of strong Fmacro-PK phenomena, these are very exciting times. Three outstanding volumes have appeared in fairly short order, each of which is a major addition to the literature. The first to appear was Zofia Weaver’s book on the Polish medium Franek Kluski (Weaver 2015), reviewed in JSE 29:3. Shortly thereafter, Erlendur Haraldsson and Loftur Gissurarson published their detailed opus on the Icelandic medium Indridi Indridason (Haraldsson & Gissurarson 2015), reviewed in JSE 29:4. And then most recently, we’ve seen Michael Grosso’s long-awaited examination of the seventeenth-century flying friar, St. Joseph of Copertino, carrying the additional imprimatur of a respected academic press (Grosso 2016). It will be reviewed in the next issue (JSE 30:2). These three books present many readers—including those already sympathetic to the existence of dramatic macro-PK phenomena—with a dilemma, well-expressed in an email I received recently from Alan Gauld. Gauld noted that the phenomena described, or not a few of them, are so bizarre that it is next to impossible to believe in them, whilst the witnesses are often of such standing, and the precautions they take so sensible, that it is next to impos- sible not to believe them! This is clearly reminiscent of Darwin’s comment about William Crookes’s experiments with the medium D. D. Home: I cannot disbelieve Mr. Crookes’s statements, nor can I believe his results. Many of the most respected researchers in the study of physical mediumship have expressed a similar conflict, and occasional (if not frequent) attacks of what we can call residual incredulity. I believe I understand this; I know it intimately from my own case. For example, no matter how carefully I studied the evidence in connection with the “Gold Leaf Lady” in Florida, and no matter how carefully I studied her myself, it took me several visits to Florida and almost continual reassessment of the full body of evidence before I was ready to state confidently that there was no satisfactory normal explanation of how a golden-colored foil could appear spontaneously and instantaneously on Katie’s body (Braude 2007). And even before that, when I wrote my defense of macro-PK phenomena in 6 Editorial The Limits of Influence (Braude 1997), I often had to read through both the firsthand accounts and my arguments over and over to reassure myself that I hadn’t committed some error, either egregious or subtle. In any case, this epistemological dilemma is one of the reasons it’s so lame to charge, as many skeptics have done, that researchers into these large-scale phenomena are merely caught up in their own biases or predispositions to observe the phenomena, or to report the miraculous (see Braude 1997 for an extended discussion of this topic, and Braude 2007 for a more compact presentation). On the contrary, the most evidential reports are precisely from well-qualified researchers who
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