DOCSLIB.ORG

Drei-Schluchten-Region / China) ------Geotechnical Mapping and Landslide Susceptibility Analysis in Badong County (Three Gorges Region / China)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Drei-Schluchten-Region / China) ------Geotechnical Mapping and Landslide Susceptibility Analysis in Badong County (Three Gorges Region / China) Geotechnische Kartierung und Suszeptibilitätsanalyse für Hangrutschungen in der Gemeinde Badong (Drei-Schluchten-Region / China) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Geotechnical mapping and landslide susceptibility analysis in Badong county (Three Gorges Region / China) der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat. vorgelegt von Renneng Bi aus Jingzhou, Hubei, VR China Als Dissertation genehmigt von der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 01.04.2015 Vorsitzender des Promotionsorgans: Prof. Dr. Jörn Wilms Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Joachim Rohn Prof. Dr. Wei Xiang Selbständigkeitserklärung zur Dissertation Ich erkläre ausdrücklich, dass es sich bei der von mir eingereichten Dissertation mit dem Titel: Geotechnical mapping and landslide susceptibility analysis in Badong county (Three Gorges Region / China) um eine von mir selbstständig und ohne fremde Hilfe verfasste Arbeit handelt. Ich erkläre, dass ich sämtliche in der oben genannten Arbeit verwendeten fremden Quellen, auch aus dem Internet (einschließlich Tabellen, Grafiken u. Ä.) als solche kenntlich gemacht habe. Insbesondere bestätige ich, dass ich ausnahmslos sowohl bei wörtlich übernommenen Aussagen bzw. unverändert übernommenen Tabellen, Grafiken u. Ä. (Zitaten) als auch bei in eigenen Worten wiedergegebenen Aussagen bzw. von mir abgewandelten Tabellen, Grafiken u. Ä. anderer Autorinnen und Autoren (Paraphrasen) die Quelle angegeben habe. Ich erkläre hiermit weiterhin, dass die vorgelegte Arbeit zuvor weder von mir noch – soweit mir bekannt ist – von einer anderen Person an dieser oder einer anderen Hochschule eingereicht wurde. Mir ist bewusst, dass Verstöße gegen die Grundsätze der Selbstständigkeit als Täuschung betrachtet und dass die Unrichtigkeit dieser Erklärung eine Benotung der Arbeit mit der Note ΢nicht ausreichend΢ zur Folge hat und dass Verletzungen des Urheberrechts strafrechtlich verfolgt werden können. _______________________ Erlangen, _______________________ Unterschrift Datum Abstract The Three Gorges Dam Project (TGDP) on the Yangtze River is the dam project with the largest installed capacity in the world. In the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (ca. 56,700 km2), 4,469 landslides have been registered. The study area lies in Badong county, 70 km upstream of the Three Gorges Dam in the foreland of the reservoir and has an extremely high density of landslides. In the study area (ca. 64 km2), 103 landslides with a total area of 4.8 km2 are mapped. Tectonically the study area is located in regional folding belt in the middle part of the Yangtze plate. In the study area mainly the bedrocks of the Badong formation (Middle Triassic) crop out. They are mainly composed of clayey limestones and clayey siltstones. Due to the extremely strong tectonic pressure from north-south direction, different types of tectonic structures can be observed in the bedding layers and the bedrocks are intensely fractured. A geotechnical mapping was performed in order to find all landslides in the investigation area. The geological and geotechnical mapping in the area showed that tectonic structures and the river incision are the essential factors of the landslide development in this region. Especially the occurrences of rock slides and large scale debris slides are tightly correlated with the longitudinal extension of the Guandukou syncline and its secondary folds. In order to investigate the susceptibility for landslides in a local and in a regional scale an artificial neural network (ANN) method was applied. The multilayer feed-forward (MLF) neural network in the artificial neural network method is a computational tool for classification. It is firstly applied for lithology recognition for the study area. The results show that areas with two definitely different lithologies can be well discriminated in most parts of the study area. Secondly the MLF neural network is used for classification of landslide susceptibility in a local scale in the study. The results show that the riversides in the west part of North Badong and in South Badong are the areas at most sensitive for new landslides. As a comparison, a study with the MLF neural network in a large catchment in the Three Gorges region is also attached. The study shows that the MLF neural network is also an efficient tool for recognition of existing landslides in a regional scale. Kurzfassung Das Three Gorges Dam Project (TGDP) am Yangtze Fluss ist das Dammprojekt mit der größten installierten Leistung der Welt. Im Einzugsgebiet des Drei-Schluchten-Stausees (ca. 56.700km²), wurden 4.469 Hangrutschungen registriert. Im Forschungsgebiet liegt der Kreis Badong ca. 70 km stromaufwärts des Drei-Schluchten-Staudamms im Vorland des Stausees und zeigt eine extrem hohe Verteilungsdichte von Hangrutschungen. Im Untersuchungsgebiet (ca. 64 km²) wurden 103 Rutschungen mit einer Fläche von 4,8 km² kartiert. Tektonisch liegt das Untersuchungsgebiet im regionalen Faltengürtel im mittleren Teil der Yangtze-Platte. Im Untersuchungsgebiet ist hauptsächlich das Felsgestein der Badong-Formation (Mittlere Trias) aufgeschlossen. Es setzt sich zum größten Teil aus tonhaltigen Kalkstein und tonhaltigen Siltstein. Aufgrund des extrem starken tektonischen Drucks aus nordsüdlicher Richtung, sind verschiedene Typen tektonischer Strukturen in den Bankung sichtbar und das anstehende Gestein ist stark zerklüftet. Es wurde eine geotechnische Kartierung in diesem Gebiet durchgeführt, um alle Hangrutuschungen im Untersuchungsgebiet aufzufinden. Die geologische und geotechnische Kartierung im Gebiet zeigten, dass tektonische Strukturen und die Einschneidungen der Flüsse die Hauptfaktoren der Entwicklung von Hangrutschungen in dieser Region sind. Besonders das Auftreten von Felsrutschungen sowie großräumigen Schuttrutschungen steht besonders eng in Wechselwirkung mit der Längenausdehnung der Guandukou-Synkline und ihren sekundären Falten. Zur Untersuchung der Suszeptibilität für Hangrutschungen im lokalen und regionalen Maßstab wurde eine künstliche neuronale Netz-Methode verwendet. Das mehrschichtige Feedforward (MLF) neuronale Netz der künstlichen neuronalen Netz-Methode ist ein computergesteuertes Klassifizierungswerkzeug. Dieses Werkzeug wurde zunächst zur Erkennung der Lithologie des Untersuchungsgebiets angewendet. Das Ergebnis zeigt, dass Gebiete mit zwei definitiv differierenden Lithologien gut in den meisten Teilen des Untersuchungsgebietes unterschieden werden können. Darüber hinaus wurde das MLF-neuronale Netz für die Klassifizierung der Suszeptibilität für Hangrutschungen im lokalen Maßstab der Studie angewendet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Uferregionen im Westen von Nord- und Süd-Badong als besonders suszeptibel für neue Hangrutschungen erweisen. Zum Vergleich wurde eine Studie mit dem MLF-neuronalem Netz in einem großräumigen Reservoir der Drei-Schluchten-Region angefügt. Die Studie ergab, dass das MLF-neuronale Netz auch ein effizientes Werkzeug zur Erkennung existierender Hangrutschungen in regionalem Maßstab ist. Acknowledgements Firstly I owe my deepest gratitude to Prof. Dr. Joachim Rohn for your outstanding supervision over my dissertation with extraordinary patience and constructive critics. I feel lucky I have such an approachable, supportive and generous supervisor. I thank you for all your help in the last years. I also would like to thank Prof. Dr. Xiang Wei from the China University of Geosciences (Wuhan). I am very grateful for your support and encouragement in any situation for so many years. Under the supervision from you and Mr. Rohn, the experiences in Xiangxi and Badong have greatly enriched my field knowledge. Thank you for all the chances that you gave me, especially for connecting my life with Germany. Many thanks go to my good friends and colleagues Markus Schleier, Johannes Wiedenmann, Christian Dumperth, Luo Jin and Dominik Ehret, who helped me in intensive discussions in discovering flaws and solving problems. You also helped me to get used to living in Germany and made my studies here interesting and colorful. I also want to thank many students of Xiang Wei, especially Gong Siyi, for your accompaniment and support in the field. I thank all my Chinese friends in Erlangen. I will always remember the time we spent together. Without you I would have felt much lonelier. And last but not least I thank my parents and my wife who always believe in me. Your lovely and sincere encouragement has strengthened me to finish my doctoral study. Contents Contents 1 Introduction................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Landslides in the Three Gorges Dam area.............................................................. 1 1.2 Targets of the study ................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Approaches of the study............................................................................................ 2 2 Overview ........................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Location ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1 The Yangtze River.............................................................................................. 4 2.1.2 The Three Gorges..............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Research on the Present Situation, Problems and Countermeasures Of
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 427 5th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2020) Research on the Present Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of Precision Poverty Alleviation in Badong County Yahong Gong1 Weiliang Tu2,* 1Economics and Management of Yangtze University School, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei Email: [email protected] 2Economics and Management of Yangtze University School, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei * Corresponding author: Weiliang Tu ABSTRACT Targeted poverty alleviation means accurate identification, assistance and management of the poor. Through the analysis of the current situation of poverty and precision poverty alleviation practice in the rural areas of Badong county, we can find out the difficult problems in the precise poverty alleviation work and overcome the problem of poverty alleviation in the deep poverty-stricken areas. We should improve the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation through multiple channels, establish a long-term mechanism of poverty alleviation through industry, education, entrepreneurship, and improve the skills of poverty alleviation teams, in an effort to reduce the poor population in Badong county. Keywords: targeted poverty alleviation, problem, long-term mechanism zone, 12 townships and 491 villages (neighborhood committees). In 2016, the resident population of Badong 1. INTRODUCTION county was 570,000, among which more than 520,000 were rural residents, accounting for 91.23% of the total In the past, China mainly focused on the extensive poverty population of the county. alleviation model. Later, the targeted poverty alleviation model was put forward in light of the extensive poverty alleviation model. The targeted poverty alleviation model 2.2. Poverty situation. was a scientific and effective program that accurately identified, assisted and managed the targets of poverty Badong county is one of the poorest counties and cities in alleviation[4].
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Analysis of Geographical Names in Hubei Province, China
    Entropy 2014, 16, 6313-6337; doi:10.3390/e16126313 OPEN ACCESS entropy ISSN 1099-4300 www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy Article Landscape Analysis of Geographical Names in Hubei Province, China Xixi Chen 1, Tao Hu 1, Fu Ren 1,2,*, Deng Chen 1, Lan Li 1 and Nan Gao 1 1 School of Resource and Environment Science, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 129, Wuhan 430079, China; E-Mails: [email protected] (X.C.); [email protected] (T.H.); [email protected] (D.C.); [email protected] (L.L.); [email protected] (N.G.) 2 Key Laboratory of Geographical Information System, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 129, Wuhan 430079, China * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel: +86-27-87664557; Fax: +86-27-68778893. External Editor: Hwa-Lung Yu Received: 20 July 2014; in revised form: 31 October 2014 / Accepted: 26 November 2014 / Published: 1 December 2014 Abstract: Hubei Province is the hub of communications in central China, which directly determines its strategic position in the country’s development. Additionally, Hubei Province is well-known for its diverse landforms, including mountains, hills, mounds and plains. This area is called “The Province of Thousand Lakes” due to the abundance of water resources. Geographical names are exclusive names given to physical or anthropogenic geographic entities at specific spatial locations and are important signs by which humans understand natural and human activities. In this study, geographic information systems (GIS) technology is adopted to establish a geodatabase of geographical names with particular characteristics in Hubei Province and extract certain geomorphologic and environmental factors.
    [Show full text]
  • Present Status, Driving Forces and Pattern Optimization of Territory in Hubei Province, China Tingke Wu, Man Yuan
    World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Vol:13, No:5, 2019 Present Status, Driving Forces and Pattern Optimization of Territory in Hubei Province, China Tingke Wu, Man Yuan market failure [4]. In fact, spatial planning system of China is Abstract—“National Territorial Planning (2016-2030)” was not perfect. It is a crucial problem that land resources have been issued by the State Council of China in 2017. As an important unordered and decentralized developed and overexploited so initiative of putting it into effect, territorial planning at provincial level that ecological space and agricultural space are seriously makes overall arrangement of territorial development, resources and squeezed. In this regard, territorial planning makes crucial environment protection, comprehensive renovation and security system construction. Hubei province, as the pivot of the “Rise of attempt to realize the "Multi-Plan Integration" mode and Central China” national strategy, is now confronted with great contributes to spatial planning system reform. It is also opportunities and challenges in territorial development, protection, conducive to improving land use regulation and enhancing and renovation. Territorial spatial pattern experiences long time territorial spatial governance ability. evolution, influenced by multiple internal and external driving forces. Territorial spatial pattern is the result of land use conversion It is not clear what are the main causes of its formation and what are for a long period. Land use change, as the significant effective ways of optimizing it. By analyzing land use data in 2016, this paper reveals present status of territory in Hubei. Combined with manifestation of human activities’ impact on natural economic and social data and construction information, driving forces ecosystems, has always been a specific field of global climate of territorial spatial pattern are then analyzed.
    [Show full text]
  • Research on Slope Deformation Regularity of the Badong Formation in the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area
    Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols 117-119 (2012) pp 1638-1645 Online: 2011-10-24 © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.117-119.1638 Research on Slope Deformation Regularity of the Badong Formation in the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area Huiming Tang 1, a , Xinli Hu 1, b and Chengren Xiong 1,c 1 Engineering Faculty, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China a [email protected], b [email protected], c [email protected] Keywords: The Three-Gorge Reservoir, Badong Formation, landslide, Huangtupo landslide, landslide evolution pattern Abstract. The Three-Gorges Reservoir area is characterized by widely distributed strata of Badong Formation, in which large size landslide and deep-reaching loose geological body are likely to form. Therefore, it is significant to reveal the mechanism and patterns of the large size landslide in Badong Formation for better understanding of the development of the nature of deformation and process of formation of the deep-reaching loose stratum slope. In this paper, the geological characteristics of the rock mass of the Badong Formation are concluded on the basis of systematic explanation of the space variation of the lithology combinations and space variation of structural deformation of the Badong Formation in the Three-Gorges Reservoir area. To demonstrate the basic law of long-term deformation of the Badong Formation slopes and the patterns of later stage reform and landslide evolution, the authors exemplify the Huangtupo landslide that is typical in the Badong Formation. Introduction The Three-Gorge Reservoir area is characterized by widely distributed strata of Badong Formation, in which large size landslide and deep-reaching loose geological body are likely to form.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographical Overview of the Three Gorges Dam and Reservoir, China—Geologic Hazards and Environmental Impacts
    Geographical Overview of the Three Gorges Dam and Reservoir, China—Geologic Hazards and Environmental Impacts Open-File Report 2008–1241 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Geographical Overview of the Three Gorges Dam and Reservoir, China— Geologic Hazards and Environmental Impacts By Lynn M. Highland Open-File Report 2008–1241 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2008 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Highland, L.M., 2008, Geographical overview of the Three Gorges dam and reservoir, China—Geologic hazards and environmental impacts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008–1241, 79 p. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1241/ iii Contents Slide 1...............................................................................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Holocene Environmental Archaeology of the Yangtze River Valley in China: a Review
    land Review Holocene Environmental Archaeology of the Yangtze River Valley in China: A Review Li Wu 1,2,*, Shuguang Lu 1, Cheng Zhu 3, Chunmei Ma 3, Xiaoling Sun 1, Xiaoxue Li 1, Chenchen Li 1 and Qingchun Guo 4 1 Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; [email protected] (S.L.); [email protected] (X.S.); [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (C.L.) 2 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China 3 School of Geograpy and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; [email protected] (C.Z.); [email protected] (C.M.) 4 School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The Yangtze River Valley is an important economic region and one of the cradles of human civilization. It is also the site of frequent floods, droughts, and other natural disasters. Conducting Holocene environmental archaeology research in this region is of great importance when studying the evolution of the relationship between humans and the environment and the interactive effects humans had on the environment from 10.0 to 3.0 ka BP, for which no written records exist. This Citation: Wu, L.; Lu, S.; Zhu, C.; review provides a comprehensive summary of materials that have been published over the past Ma, C.; Sun, X.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Guo, Q.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Triaenophora (Scrophulariaceae) from China
    A New Species of Triaenophora (Scrophulariaceae) from China Xiao-Dong Li and Jian-Qiang Li Herbarium (HIB), Wuhan Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. [email protected]; [email protected] (for correspondence) Yanyan Zan Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, Hubei 442421, People's Republic of China ABSTRACT. A new species of Triaenophora Soler- Perennial herbs, 10±60 cm tall, leaves and stems eder, T. shennongjiaensis X. D. Li, Y. Y. Zan & J. with sparse non-glandular and dense glandular Q. Li (Scrophulariaceae), is described and illus- hairs; roots pale yellow, ¯eshy, brittle; stem very trated from Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, short; leaves in a basal rosette, oblong to elliptic, Hubei Province, China. The new species is related 8±20 3 5±10 cm, densely glandular or pilose on to T. rupestris (Hemsley) Solereder, from which it both surfaces, base subcordate to cuneate, margins differs in having densely glandular leaves, dentate dentate, apex obtuse; petioles 3±6 cm long. In¯o- bract margins, and pale yellow petals that are re- rescence racemose, main raceme suberect, lateral tuse or rarely obtuse at their apices. racemes prostrate, bracts in lower parts resembling Key words: China, Scrophulariaceae, Triaeno- basal leaves, 20±50 cm long, compact, 12- to 54- phora. ¯owered; bracts similar to leaves but smaller, ob- long, margins dentate; pedicels 5±25 mm long; Triaenophora Solereder (Scrophulariaceae) was bracteoles 2 at middle of pedicels, linear, opposite, separated from the genus Rehmannia Liboschitz ex 3±20 mm long. Flower with calyx cylindrical, tube Fischer & C. A. Meyer, on the basis of its three- 5±8 mm long, erect, 5-lobed with each lobe 3- lobed calyx (Solereder, 1909).
    [Show full text]
  • Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2014 Version
    Designation date: 16/10/2013 Ramsar Site no. 2186 Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2014 version Available for download from http://www.ramsar.org/doc/ris/key_ris_e.doc and http://www.ramsar.org/pdf/ris/key_ris_e.pdf Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Notes for compilers: 1. The RIS should be completed in accordance with the attached Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for completing the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands. Compilers are strongly advised to read this guidance before filling in the RIS. 2. Further information and guidance in support of Ramsar site designations are provided in the Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Wise Use Handbook 17, 4th edition). 3. Once completed, the RIS (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Ramsar Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the RIS and, where possible, digital copies of all maps. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. DD MM YY Name: Kaijia TAN Institution: Bureau of Dajiu Lake National Wetland Park of Hubei Province Address: Jiuhu Road 1#, Dajiuhu Country, Shennongjia Designation date Site Reference Number Forestry District, Hubei Province, P.R of China Post: 442418 Tel: (+86) 719-3472258 Fax: (+86) 719-3472258 Email: [email protected], [email protected] 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Are China's Water Resources for Agriculture Sustainable? Evidence from Hubei Province
    sustainability Article Are China’s Water Resources for Agriculture Sustainable? Evidence from Hubei Province Hao Jin and Shuai Huang * School of Public Economics and Administration, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-21-65903686 Abstract: We assessed the sustainability of agricultural water resources in Hubei Province, a typical agricultural province in central China, for a decade (2008–2018). Since traditional evaluation models often consider only the distance between the evaluation point and the positive or negative ideal solution, we introduce gray correlation analysis and construct a new sustainability evaluation model. Our research results show that only one city had excellent sustainable development capacity of agricultural water resources, and the evaluation value of eight cities fluctuated by around 0.5 (the median of the evaluation result), while the sustainable development capacity of agricultural water resources in other cities was relatively poor. Our findings not only reflect the differences in the natural conditions of water resources among various cities in Hubei, but also the impact of the cities’ policies to ensure efficient agricultural water use for sustainable development. The indicators and methods Citation: Jin, H.; Huang, S. Are in this research are not difficult to obtain in most countries and regions of the world. Therefore, the China’s Water Resources for indicator system we have established by this research could be used to study the sustainability of Agriculture Sustainable? Evidence agricultural water resources in other countries, regions, or cities. from Hubei Province. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3510. https://doi.org/ Keywords: water resources; agricultural water resources; sustainability; gray correlation analysis; 10.3390/su13063510 evaluation model Academic Editors: Daniela Malcangio, Alan Cuthbertson, Juan 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Data
    Supplementary data Figures Figure S1 Figure S1 Top cities with the highest migrants before Spring Festival A-C, Top cities with highest migrant on Jan 22, 2020. D-F, Top cities with highest migrant on Jan 23, 2020. G-I, Top cities with highest migrant on Jan 24, 2020. A, D, G, Top 50 hot cities with high export migrants; B, E, H, Top 10 cities with high export migrant; C, F, I, Top 10 cities with high import migrants. Figure S2 Figure S2 Migration and transport index during spring festival A, Emigration from Wuhan City on Jan 23, 2020; B, Emigration from Hubei province on Jan 23, 2020; C, Traffic congestion index during 7-day festival holiday in 2020 and 2019; D, Population mobility index during 7-day festival holiday in 2020 and 2019. Tables Table S1 Hot spot value and relative risk with case number and incidence Case Number Incidence City Name Hot value Relative Risk Hot value Relative Risk Trend Huanggang 0.7201 0.133 0.4678 0.485 Ezhou City 0.5833 0.346 0.4714 0.5067 Suizhou 0.4106 0.8371 0.4739 0.4732 Wuhan 0.7822 1.77E-04 0.4766 0.4987 Yellowstone 0.6053 0.4126 0.4822 0.4702 Xiangyang 0.3047 0.8646 0.4933 0.5275 Xiaogan 0.6284 0.536 0.4941 0.4689 Xianning 0.5739 0.5933 0.4946 0.484 Tianmen 0.4501 0.5174 0.5035 0.4792 Qianjiang 0.3958 0.4191 0.504 0.4736 Shiyan 0.3538 0.8206 0.5064 0.5596 Jingzhou 0.5947 0.2856 0.5101 0.4826 Xiantao 0.5631 0.1536 0.5115 0.4868 Jingmen 0.4774 0.7351 0.5278 0.501 Yichang 0.3634 0.7426 0.5324 0.5537 Enshi 0.369 0.7142 0.5378 0.5239 Table S2 Migration index of Wuhan city and Hubei province in 2020 and
    [Show full text]
  • Hubei Shennongjia
    ASIA / PACIFIC HUBEI SHENNONGJIA CHINA Laojunshan Component of the property - © IUCN Bruce Jefferies China - Hubei Shennongjia WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION – IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION HUBEI SHENNONGJIA (CHINA) – ID 1509 IUCN RECOMMENDATION TO WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: To inscribe the property under natural criteria. Key paragraphs of Operational Guidelines: Paragraph 77: Nominated property meets World Heritage criteria. Paragraph 78: Nominated property meets integrity and protection and management requirements. 1. DOCUMENTATION S. and Hong Qian. Global Significance of Plant Diversity in China. In The Plants of China: A a) Date nomination received by IUCN: 16 March Companion to the Flora of China (2015). Huang, J. H., 2015 Chen, J.H., Ying, J.S., and Ke‐Ping M. Features and distribution patterns of Chinese endemic seed plant b) Additional information officially requested from species. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 49, no. and provided by the State Party: On 6 September 2 (2011): 81-94. Li, Y. (2004). The effect of forest 2015, the State Party responded to issues which arose clear-cutting on habitat use in Sichuan snub-nosed during the course of the IUCN field evaluation mission. monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Shennongjia The letter, with accompanying maps, addressed a Nature Reserve, China. Primates 45.1 69-72.. López- range of issues and confirmed extensions to the Pujol, J., et al. (2011). Mountains of Southern China as nominated area and buffer zone in the Badong County “plant museums” and “plant cradles”: evolutionary and area. Following the IUCN World Heritage Panel a conservation insights. Mountain Research and progress report was sent to the State Party on 16 Development,31(3), 261-269.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Environmental Impact Assessment Yichang
    SUMMARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT YICHANG-WANZHOU RAILWAY PROJECT IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA June 2003 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 May 2003) Currency Unit – Yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1208 $1.00 = CNY8.277 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank CSRC – China Securities Regulatory Commission EIA – environmental impact assessment EPB – environmental protection bureau FABHP – Fisheries Administration Bureau of Hubei Province GDP – gross domestic product HICAS – Hydrobiology Institute of China Academy of Sciences MOR – Ministry of Railways NH – National Highway NOx – nitrogen oxides pH – measure of acidity/alkalinity PRC – People's Republic of China SEPA – State Environmental Protection Agency YNCZCS – Yichang Natural Conservation Zone for Chinese Sturgeon YWR – Yichang-Wanzhou Railway YRARI – Yangtze River Aquaculture Research Institute WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ° – degrees Celsius ha – hectare kg – kilogram km – kilometer m – meter mm – millimeter s – second t – ton y – year NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. CONTENTS Page Map 1 Map 2 Map 3 I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 1 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 2 A. Physical Resources 2 B. Ecological Resources 2 C. Human and Economic Development 4 D. Quality of Life Values 4 IV. ALTERNATIVES 6 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 7 A. Noise 9 B. Water 10 C. Air 10 D. Solid Waste 11 E. Flora and Fauna 12 F. Historical, Cultural, and Archeological Sites 13 G. Resettlement 13 H. Safety and Health 14 I. Induced Impacts 14 VI. ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 15 A. Environmental Protection Costs 15 B. Environmental Benefits 15 VII. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 16 VIII. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 18 IX.
    [Show full text]