DOCSLIB.ORG

SOME RECOLLECTIONS of NATIVE FISH in the MURRAY-DARLING SYSTEM with SPECIAL REFERENCE to the TROUT COD Maccullochella Macquariensis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SOME RECOLLECTIONS of NATIVE FISH in the MURRAY-DARLING SYSTEM with SPECIAL REFERENCE to the TROUT COD Maccullochella Macquariensis SOME RECOLLECTIONS OF NATIVE FISH IN THE MURRAY-DARLING SYSTEM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE TROUT COD Maccullochella macquariensis Summary & Source Material from the Draft Publication Bluenose: The Lost World of the Trout Cod W. T. TRUEMAN Electronic Version June 2007 Prepared as an Interim Report for Native Fish Australia (Victoria) Incorporated 1 Preface & Errata (Electronic Version) The electronic version of this report has been prepared in response to the requests received by Native Fish Australia (Victoria) Inc. and myself for copies. Due to the financial constraints of what is a volunteer non-profit organisation only a limited number of hard copies were prepared. Funds are currently being sought to have another run printed so that they can be more widely dispersed to government and educational institutions. In preparing the electronic version I have taken the opportunity to correct a number of errors present in the original document. Most of these were of a minor nature and do not alter the content. Several sources cited in the text were omitted in the references section. An error was made in the writing of the spreadsheet for the bar graph in Figure 2 representing potential spawning seasons at Hinnomunjie for trout cod. The graph has been corrected in this version and the relevant text amended. For these errors I apologise but ask the reader to understand that the original document was prepared at fairly short notice to meet a deadline. There are errors in syntax in sections but I have left these unchanged to preserve the document in as close to possible as original form. While I have collected additional information and photographs other than those previously presented I have for the most part elected not to include them. In the original version due to space constraints I omitted Bert McKenzie’s recollections for the middle Murray, Buffalo and Lachlan Rivers. While they have previously been published in angling publications I have included them in the relevant sections in this document to make them more readily available to the scientific community. A number of people have sought more information on David Stead’s work with the trout cod. I have included an addendum containing additional information related to Stead, the naming of the ‘trout cod’, translocation activities and references to artificial propagation trials with the species around the time of the First World War. Also included is an additional reference for the upper Mitta Mitta River. In my original introduction I alluded to the loss of detail in the printing of the photographs. Compression of the photographs to reduce file size has resulted in a further reduction in resolution. The full size versions are reasonable but enlargement results in a significant loss of detail. In some cases what were fine dashes on trout cod images become blobs, making them look like Murray cod. I have elected to present a few photographs in their original colour version. Several people have requested access to the original images and as it is the wishes of the owners that they be put to worthwhile and appropriate use I can make most of them available for scientific and government publications. Dr. Andrew Boulton has made me acutely aware of the value of the old photographs as a record not only of the fish but as a historical reference for the condition of rivers. A number of people have suggested that I should put aside the preparation of a book and for the time being concentrate on saving as many photographs and recording the oral history before they are lost to us. This suggestion has merit and I will investigate the production of a more comprehensive oral history of the fish and rivers of the Murray-Darling system. Part of such a project could entail the production of a CD preserving early images of the fish and their habitat. My current collection is somewhere between two and three hundred. If people seek more information or access to records and photographs I can be contacted through Native Fish Australia (Victoria) Inc or by either: [email protected] or [email protected] Will Trueman June 2007 2 SOME RECOLLECTIONS OF NATIVE FISH IN THE MURRAY-DARLING SYSTEM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE TROUT COD Maccullochella macquariensis Photo: Two unknown anglers fish the Goulburn River at Prospect Hill near Molesworth for bluenose (trout cod), bream (Macquarie perch) and Murray cod, January 16 1927. Not only do photographs exist as a record of the fish once present in the rivers they also provide us with evocative images of a world lost to us. We are fortunate to gain an insight into this world through the efforts of amateur photographers such as Sadie Bryan, daughter of one of the pioneers of the Molesworth district Thomas Bryan, who captured this moment in time. (Photo courtesy of Muriel Perry, Molesworth) 3 Published by: Native Fish Australia (Victoria) Inc PO Box 162 DONCASTER VIC 3108 Australia E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.nativefish.asn.au Copyright © 2007 Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the permission of the author or Native Fish Australia (Victoria) Incorporated. All photos in this report are those of the author unless otherwise acknowledged. Front cover: Lithograph of Gristes macquariensis the holotype for the bluenose or trout cod published in Iconographie de regne animal de G. Cuvier, Vol 1, in 1836. The La Cochille, under the command of Louis Duperry, left France in 1822 on a voyage of discovery with the ship’s surgeon, Prosper Garnot, and assistant surgeon Rene Lesson being responsible for the collection of biological specimens. While based in Sydney from January 17 to March 25 1824 an expedition to the Bathurst area occurred during which the holotypes for the trout cod and Macquarie perch (Macquaria australasica) were collected it is believed from the Macquarie River. After his return to France Lesson in 1825 named the species Gryptes brisbanii and no formal description survives though a later document implies its existence. In 1829 the same specimen was named Grystes macquariensis and described by the French naturalists Georges Cuvier and Achille Valenciennes. Reprinted with permission from the Rare Books Collection, State Library of Victoria. 4 Original lithograph of a cod, possibly a trout cod, drawn by artist Ludwig Becker, 1858. Becker perished shortly afterwards on the Bourke and Wills expedition. The fish was reported to have been three feet four and a half inches in length. This illustration was subsequently used in the preparation of Plate 85 in Frederick McCoy’s Prodromus of the Natural History of Victoria, 1884. Berra & Weatherly (1972) considered the illustration to be of a trout cod though others have doubted it, mainly because trout cod have not been previously reported to grow to the size of the specimen illustrated. Certain identification of the fish as a trout cod is not possible with the mouth open. Sketchings and notes by Becker lend weight to the fish being a trout cod. The lithograph published in McCoy’s work has a distinctly grey-green background colour. In this lithograph held by Museum Victoria the fish is distinctly blue in colour. Source: Museum Victoria 5 ‘Snout, blueish black, without scales’. Handwritten annotations on artist Ludwig Becker’s sketch of the head of a cod dated July 26, 1858. The figure was ultimately used to prepare Plate 85 of Frederick McCoy’s Prodromous of the Natural History of Victoria, published posthumously in 1884. The sketch may depict a fish known to anglers as a ‘bluenose’, ‘rock cod’ or ‘trout cod’. If so the drawing provides the earliest reference to what was to become a trademark feature of an enigmatic fish. Source: Museum Victoria. 6 Acknowledgements A large number of people have contributed to the preparation of this document. Above all the many anglers who shared their memories are the principal contributors and provide all of us an insight to the world they once knew. They are acknowledged throughout but a number stand out for special mention. Roy Grant of Burrowye not only shared his stories but his beautiful photographs as did Tom Jarvis of Tintaldra and Len Lebner of Corryong. For the Goulburn River Frank Moore and Russell Stillman recalled their stories as well as providing photographs of historic significance. At Seymour Jim Hanley rounded up for me the senior anglers of the district and their photographs. Similarly Lance White of the Whorally Angling Club and Ray Hopkins of the Yea Angling Club organized interviews with senior anglers in their districts. Two people who are non-anglers also made major photographic contributions. Muriel Perry of Molesworth shared her priceless photos of catches of cod from the Goulburn which were a great source of satisfaction in that they verified the stories of the late Bert McKenzie. Margaret Pendergast of Benambra provided a photograph of a trout cod which, while not visually the best in my collection, is one of the most significant. Members of many local historical societies provided assistance in the research though sadly in most cases very little material exists in their files. Heather Rendell of the Echuca Historical Society has been tireless in her endeavors on my behalf while Madeleine Forgie of the Cowra Historical Society provided important contacts for me in the upper Lachlan. Max Dyer and Coral Kracke have provided key information on the Omeo district as well as background information which my research has benefited from. Julie Whateley of the Swan Hill Historical society is still hard at work for me searching and copying old photographs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Life Membership for Kevin Frawley Walker's Guide to the North Brindabellas NPA BULLETIN Volume28number3 September 1991
    ^--"ftr^--r'r^-- * ^•'•/A'"-* *..1 " ~ . VV." 1 .i</>tf£/.-il 1 ' - -'" i'A". •'• •iWf/.-S&j iftSHL———_ iSi i. in:-:; .1 •w/ry- '&**&!>/.•••}. Volume 28 number 3 September 1991 Life membership for Kevin Frawley Walker's guide to the north Brindabellas NPA BULLETIN volume28number3 September 1991 CONTENTS Kevin Frawley a life member 5 Namadgi news 19 Fisheries—Lake Burley Griffin 6 A neglected Orroral Homestead 21 Birds—Jerrabomberra Wetlands 7 Books 22 Canberra's tree heritage 8 A rural perspective on conservation 9 Cover Councils and committees 10 Photo: Reg Alder Forest and timber inquiry 14 Remnant rainforest, Green Point, Beecroft Trips 16 Penninsular, Jervis Bay. National Parks Association (ACT) Subscription rates (1 July - 30 June) Incorporated Household members $20 Single members $15 Corporate members $10 Bulletin only $10 Inaugurated 1960 Concession: half above rates For new subscriptions joining between: Aims and. objects of the Association • Promotion of national parks and of measures for the 1 January and 31 March - half specified rate protection of fauna and flora, scenery and natural features 1 April and 30 June - annual subscription in the Australian Capital Territory and elsewhere, and the Membership enquiries welcome reservation of specific areas. Please phone Laraine Frawley at the NPA office. • Interest in the provision of appropriate outdoor recreation areas. The NPA (ACT) office is located in Kingsley Street, • Stimulation of interest in, and appreciation and enjoyment Acton. Office hours are: of, such natural phenomena by organised field outings, 10am to 2pm Mondays meetings or any other means. • Co-operation with organisations and persons having 9am to 2pm Tuesdays and Thursdays similar interests and objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Sun Country Official Visitor Guide
    OFFICIAL VISITOR GUIDE Sun Country on the Murray Yarrawonga Mulwala, Cobram Barooga, Numurkah, Nathalia, Barmah and more. Yarrawonga Mulwala Cobram Barooga NumurkahNathalia Barmah Here in Sun Country on the Murray, you’ll find a friendly welcome around every bend. 4 Connect with Us 5 Welcome 6 Arts & Heritage 7 Explore the Land 8 Events 9 Markets 10 Food & Wine 12 Golf 13 On the Water 14 Accommodation 15 Caravan the Sun Country 16 Sun Country on the Murray Regional Map 18 Yarrawonga Mulwala 20 Cobram Barooga 22 Numurkah 24 Nathalia 26 Barmah 28 Local Villages 30 Murray Regional Touring Route 32 Visitor Information Centre contact details Here in Sun Country on the Murray, you’ll find a friendly welcome around every bend. 3 Connect with Us @visitsuncountry #visitsuncountry Share your photos with us for a chance to receive random giveaways and allow us to feature your photos. 4 Welcome Enjoy the best the Murray has to the river, savour delicious produce offer, exploring the waterways, straight from the farm gate and visit towns and natural attractions nearby villages of Barmah, Berrigan, between Bundalong and Barmah. Finley, Nathalia and Numurkah – all Drenched in sunshine year-round, part of this beautiful region. you’ll soon see why we’re keen Sun Country on the Murray has a to share our ‘Sun Country on the relaxed yet contemporary atmosphere, Murray’. where watersports, fishing, golf, locally The twin towns of Yarrawonga grown produce, tourist attractions, Mulwala sit idyllically on either side of well-appointed accommodation, the Murray River, with Lake Mulwala great shopping and sophisticated adding to the mesmerising backdrop restaurants are all on offer.
    [Show full text]
  • Ulupna Island - Australia Day 2013
    MARCH 2013 Ulupna Island - Australia Day 2013 Official Newsletter of the Victorian Four Wheel Drive Club Inc Registration No A0002184F Page 2 of 18 Notice Board VFWDC GENERAL MEETING VENUE The club meets at the Bowling Club Rooms, Noble Park Football Club, 46-56 Moodemere St, Noble Park on the 1st Wednesday of every month at 8.00pm (No meeting in January and November meeting at selected location). Members and Guests are welcome to dine at the Bistro before attending the meeting. First WEDNESDAY of each month 8.00PM Start Venue: Bowling Club Rooms (Next to Car Park, down the far end of the car park) Noble Park Football Club 46-56 Moodemere Street Noble Park Melways ref: 89 D4 FREE WHEELING Hello and welcome to the March newsletter. This month see’s two long weekends and Easter coming around early, so check out some of the trips in the calendar and put your name down on the trip data forms. Catherine [email protected] Official Newsletter of the Victorian Four Wheel Drive Club Inc Registration No A0002184F Page 3 of 18 COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT 2012-2013 President Mark Felton [email protected] Vice President Catherine Felton [email protected] VFWDC Treasurer Steve Pitcher [email protected] ADVERTISING Secretary Andre Van Derwalt [email protected] GENERAL COMMITTEE DIRECTORY Assistant Secretary [email protected] Trip Co-ordinator David Bruinsma [email protected] BUSH-B-Q Newsletter Editor Catherine Felton [email protected] Manufacturer of the Barbeque of the Outback Web Manager Bruce Cremonesi [email protected] Don & Thelma Montague Ph: 9808 1200
    [Show full text]
  • No. XIII. an Act to Provide More Effectually for the Representation of the People in the Legis­ Lative Assembly
    No. XIII. An Act to provide more effectually for the Representation of the people in the Legis­ lative Assembly. [12th July, 1880.] HEREAS it is expedient to make better provision for the W Representation of the People in the Legislative Assembly and to amend and consolidate the Law regulating Elections to the Legisla­ tive Assembly Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly of New South Wales in Parliament assembled and by the authority of the same as follows :— Preliminary. 1. In this Act the following words in inverted commas shall have the meanings set against them respectively unless inconsistent with or repugnant to the context— " Governor"—The Governor with the advice of the Executive Council. "Assembly"—The Legislative Assembly of New South Wales. " Speaker"—The Speaker of the Assembly for the time being. " Member"—Member of the Assembly. "Election"—The Election of any Member or Members of the Assembly. " Roll"—The Roll of Electors entitled to vote at the election of any Member of the Assembly as compiled revised and perfected under the provisions of this Act. "List"—-Any List of Electors so compiled but not revised or perfected as aforesaid. " Collector"—Any duly appointed Collector of Electoral Lists. "Natural-born subject"—Every person born in Her Majesty's dominions as well as the son of a father or mother so born. " Naturalized subject"—Every person made or hereafter to be made a denizen or who has been or shall hereafter be naturalized in this Colony in accordance with the Denization or Naturalization laws in force for the time being.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Sharing Plan for Lachlan Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources 2012
    LOCALITY MAP Key to Extraction Management Units LACHLAN UNREGULATED EXTRACTION MANAGEMENT UNIT YATHONG RD Til Creek Eremaran Creek Burthong Creek Keginni Creek Thule Creek MERRI RD NYMAGEE CONDOBOLIN RD COBB HWY Marobee Creek COBAR-IVANHOE RD MOUNT HOPE AREA WATER SOURCE Yarran Creek Carlisle Creek ! Mount Hope Murda Creek Ivanhoe Coombie Creek Cogie Creek Conoble ! Gillenbine Creek Piccaninny Creek Lake ! Trundle GILGUNNIA RD GUNNINGBLAND AND YARRABANDAI WATER SOURCE NEWELL HWY Waterloo Lake Goobang Creek Purcells ROTO RD Back Creek Lake PARKES-CONDOBOLIN RD Manildra Creek Conoble Creek Gumble Creek Waverley Creek Blowclear Creek Beargamil Creek BALRANALD RD MID LACHLAN UNREGULATED WATER SOURCE ! Gunningbland Creek Whipstick Yarrabandai Creek Billabong Creek CONDOBOLIN RD Lake Wallaroi Creek Condobolin Parkes ORANGE RD Mitchells Creek Ridgey Creek ! Wallamundry Creek Manildra Willandra Creek Coates Creek ! Lachlan River MITCHELL HWY ! Willandra Creek Lachlan River GOOBANG AND BILLABONG CREEKS WATER SOURCE Boree Creek Barneys Crooked Creek Reedy Creek Lake Willandra Yangellawah Creek Banar Island Creek Lake Spring Creek Cudal CLARE MOSSGIEL RD Goobang Creek HILLSTON MOSSGIEL RD Bogan MANDAGERY CREEK WATER SOURCE dillon ! Bourimbla Creek Lake ! Paling Yard Creek Lake Swamp Cargelligo Warree Creek see INSET Cargelligo THE GIPPS WAY Waterhole Creek Mandagery Creek Alma Moolbong Creek Tullibigeal Forbes Lake Christmas Creek Mountain Creek ! Once Awhile Creek WYALONG RD THE ESCORT WAY Mogong Creek CANOWINDRA RD ! ! Eugowra Cowriga Creek BOGANDILLON
    [Show full text]
  • Section 4 Environmental Assessment
    SECTION 4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT COWAL GOLD MINE EXTENSION MODIFICATION Cowal Gold Mine Extension Modification – Environmental Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 4-1 LIST OF TABLES 4.1 HYDROGEOLOGY 4-1 Table 4-1 Groundwater Licensing Requirement 4.1.1 Existing Environment 4-1 Summary 4.1.2 Potential Impacts 4-7 Table 4-2 Native Vegetation 4.1.3 Mitigation Measures and Management 4-12 Table 4-3 Broad Fauna Habitat Type 4.2 SURFACE WATER 4-13 Table 4-4 Threatened Fauna Species 4.2.1 Existing Environment 4-13 Table 4-5 Existing Impact Mitigation Measures at 4.2.2 Potential Impacts 4-16 the CGM 4.2.3 Mitigation Measures, Table 4-6 Native Vegetation Clearance Management and Monitoring 4-17 Table 4-7 Quantification of Broad Fauna Habitat 4.3 FLORA AND FAUNA 4-18 Types and Vegetation Communities 4.3.1 Existing Environment 4-18 within the Modification Area and Offset 4.3.2 Potential Impacts 4-29 Area 4.3.3 Mitigation Measures and Table 4-8 Quantification of Threatened Management 4-32 Ecological Communities within the 4.3.4 Biodiversity Offset Strategy 4-32 Modification Area and Offset Area 4.4 ABORIGINAL CULTURAL HERITAGE Table 4-9 Reconciliation of the Proposed ASSESSMENT 4-36 Biodiversity Offset Strategy against OEH Offset Principles 4.4.1 Existing Environment 4-36 4.4.2 Potential Impacts 4-42 Table 4-10 Summary of Aboriginal Heritage Consultation Programme 4.4.3 Mitigation Measures and Management 4-43 Table 4-11 Items Identified During 30 April to 3 May 2013 Survey 4.5 NOISE 4-44 4.5.1 Existing Environment 4-44 Table
    [Show full text]
  • Extract from Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements
    Extract from Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements NNTT number NIA1998/001 Short name Tumut Brungle Area Agreement ILUA type Area Agreement Date registered 21/06/1999 State/territory New South Wales Local government region Gundagai Shire Council, Tumbarumba Shire Council, Tumut Shire Council, Holbrook Shire Council, Wagga Wagga, Yarrowlumla Shire Council, Yass Shire Council Description of the area covered by the agreement The agreement covers an area of approximately 8500 sq km. It’s external boundary (described in detail below) runs approximately from Coolac on the Hume Highway east to Lake Burrinjuck (north east of Wee Jasper); south along the Brindabella and Fiery Ranges to near Yarrangobilly Caves on the Snowy Mountains Highway, south west to the Murray River near Tintaldra; then along the Murray River to Jingellic; and then generally north towards Gundagai and on to Coolac. Description of the area covered by the Agreement : Clause 1.1.2 of the agreement states: "Deed Area" - means the area of land set out in the plan `and description set out at Schedule 1. Schedule 1 of the agreement contains a gazettal notice of the constitution of the Brungle Tumut Local Aboriginal Land Council Area dated 2 February 1984, set out below: BRUNGLE TUMUT LOCAL ABORIGINAL LAND COUNCIL AREA Commencing at the junction of the generally south-eastern boundary of the Parish of Jingellec East with the boundary between the States of New South Wales and Victoria: and bounded thence by the latter boundary generally south-easterly to the Tooma River; by that
    [Show full text]
  • Talk Wild Trout Conference Proceedings 2015
    Talk Wild Trout 2015 Conference Proceedings 21 November 2015 Mansfield Performing Arts Centre, Mansfield Victoria Partners: Fisheries Victoria Editors: Taylor Hunt, John Douglas and Anthony Forster, Freshwater Fisheries Management, Fisheries Victoria Contact email: [email protected] Preferred way to cite this publication: ‘Hunt, T.L., Douglas, J, & Forster, A (eds) 2015, Talk Wild Trout 2015: Conference Proceedings, Fisheries Victoria, Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources, Queenscliff.’ Acknowledgements: The Victorian Trout Fisher Reference Group, Victorian Recreational Fishing Grants Working Group, VRFish, Mansfield and District Fly Fishers, Australian Trout Foundation, The Council of Victorian Fly Fishing Clubs, Mansfield Shire Council, Arthur Rylah Institute, University of Melbourne, FlyStream, Philip Weigall, Marc Ainsworth, Vicki Griffin, Jarod Lyon, Mark Turner, Amber Clarke, Andrew Briggs, Dallas D’Silva, Rob Loats, Travis Dowling, Kylie Hall, Ewan McLean, Neil Hyatt, Damien Bridgeman, Paul Petraitis, Hui King Ho, Stephen Lavelle, Corey Green, Duncan Hill and Emma Young. Project Leaders and chapter contributors: Jason Lieschke, Andrew Pickworth, John Mahoney, Justin O’Connor, Canran Liu, John Morrongiello, Diane Crowther, Phil Papas, Mark Turner, Amber Clarke, Brett Ingram, Fletcher Warren-Myers, Kylie Hall and Khageswor Giri.’ Authorised by the Victorian Government Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport & Resources (DEDJTR), 1 Spring Street Melbourne Victoria 3000. November 2015
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 18: Lachlan River Catchment
    18 Lachlan River Catchment Maitland Mercury & Hunter River Advertiser, 5 April 1862 True Tales of the Trout Cod: River Histories of the Murray-Darling Basin 18-1 The Lachlan (From the Empire’s Correspondent) March 30 – The continued absence of rain causing stoppage of the puddling machines for want of water, is the sole reason of the small escort leaving tomorrow. As before stated, the river, one mile distant, is tabooed for washing purposes to the last dregs, so that the returns per escort will diminish until we are blessed with the winter’s rain. Great quantities of fish have this week been picked up by hand out of the bed of the lagoon between the Victoria and Caledonian loads, some of the codfish weighing over 30 pounds weight, besides bream, perch and jewfish, the latter being one of the oddest of the finny tribe, presenting the appearance of half newt, with porpoise head and feelers round the mouth. This fish deposits its ova in a gravelly cell on the bottom using stones of upwards of a pound weight in their construction (as a blackfellow asserts). Certain it is that little mounds, of beehive form, abound in this lagoon, containing gravel. Maitland Mercury & Hunter River Advertiser, 5 April 1862 18-2 True Tales of the Trout Cod: River Histories of the Murray-Darling Basin Figure 18.1 The Lachlan River Catchment showing major waterways and key localities True Tales of the Trout Cod: River Histories of the Murray-Darling Basin 18-3 18.1 Early European Accounts George Evans explored west of Bathurst and in May 1815, encountered a large stream which was to be named the Abercrombie River.
    [Show full text]
  • Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Assessment ______
    APPENDIX O ABORIGINAL CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT _____________________________________________________________________________ Snowy 2.0 Exploratory Works Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Assessment Report Date: 20 July 2018 Author: Dr Julie Dibden NSW Archaeology Pty Ltd Proponent: Snowy Hydro Limited Local Government Area: Snowy Valleys & Snowy Monaro Regional Councils TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 9 1.1 THE PROJECT ...................................................................................................... 9 1.2 PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT ..................................................................................10 1.3 LOCATION OF EXPLORATORY WORKS .................................................................10 1.4 PROPONENT .......................................................................................................12 1.5 ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES AND REQUIREMENTS ...............................................12 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT – EXPLORATORY WORKS .......................14 2.1 THE EXPLORATORY WORKS.................................................................................14 2.2 EXPLORATORY TUNNEL......................................................................................15 2.3 PORTAL CONSTRUCTION COMPOUND .................................................................20
    [Show full text]
  • List of Parishes in the State of Victoria
    List of Parishes in the State of Victoria Showing the County, the Land District, and the Municipality in which each is situated. (extracted from Township and Parish Guide, Department of Crown Lands and Survey, 1955) Parish County Land District Municipality (Shire Unless Otherwise Stated) Acheron Anglesey Alexandra Alexandra Addington Talbot Ballaarat Ballaarat Adjie Benambra Beechworth Upper Murray Adzar Villiers Hamilton Mount Rouse Aire Polwarth Geelong Otway Albacutya Karkarooc; Mallee Dimboola Weeah Alberton East Buln Buln Melbourne Alberton Alberton West Buln Buln Melbourne Alberton Alexandra Anglesey Alexandra Alexandra Allambee East Buln Buln Melbourne Korumburra, Narracan, Woorayl Amherst Talbot St. Arnaud Talbot, Tullaroop Amphitheatre Gladstone; Ararat Lexton Kara Kara; Ripon Anakie Grant Geelong Corio Angahook Polwarth Geelong Corio Angora Dargo Omeo Omeo Annuello Karkarooc Mallee Swan Hill Annya Normanby Hamilton Portland Arapiles Lowan Horsham (P.M.) Arapiles Ararat Borung; Ararat Ararat (City); Ararat, Stawell Ripon Arcadia Moira Benalla Euroa, Goulburn, Shepparton Archdale Gladstone St. Arnaud Bet Bet Ardno Follett Hamilton Glenelg Ardonachie Normanby Hamilton Minhamite Areegra Borug Horsham (P.M.) Warracknabeal Argyle Grenville Ballaarat Grenville, Ripon Ascot Ripon; Ballaarat Ballaarat Talbot Ashens Borung Horsham Dunmunkle Audley Normanby Hamilton Dundas, Portland Avenel Anglesey; Seymour Goulburn, Seymour Delatite; Moira Avoca Gladstone; St. Arnaud Avoca Kara Kara Awonga Lowan Horsham Kowree Axedale Bendigo; Bendigo
    [Show full text]
  • SALINITY SENSITIVITY in EARLY LIFE STAGES of an AUSTRALIAN FRESHWATER FISH, MURRAY COD (Maccullochella Peelii Peelii Mitchell 1838)
    i SALINITY SENSITIVITY IN EARLY LIFE STAGES OF AN AUSTRALIAN FRESHWATER FISH, MURRAY COD (Maccullochella peelii peelii Mitchell 1838) Piyapong Chotipuntu THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CANBERRA Submitted August 2003 ii © Piyapong Chotipuntu 2003 Abstract The Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii Mitchell 1838) is Australia’s largest freshwater fish. Once highly abundant in the Murray-Darling river system, populations have drastically declined in recent decades. Many causes for this decline have been proposed, including over-fishing, habitat loss and altered river flow regimes. This study hypothesised that elevated salinities have led to selective mortality in some developmental stages, which have in turn depleted stock recruitment and adult populations. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal, threshold, upper sublethal and lethal salinities for development of eggs, yolk-sac larvae, fry and fingerlings of M. peelii peelii. Investigation the impact of salinity on fertilisation utilised gametes of trout cod (M. macquariensis, Cuvier 1829) instead of M. peelii peelii. Studies were carried out in a controlled laboratory environment using test media prepared from commercial sea salt. The results showed that the eggs of the trout cod hatched only when fertilised and incubated in freshwater, and only larvae hatched in freshwater survived through the yolk absorption period of 12 days. Yolk utilisation efficiencies were not significantly different among the salinities of 0-0.30 g/L. There was no effect of pre- or post- fertilising processes on the salinity tolerances of yolk-sac larvae. No larvae survived at salinities higher than 0.30 g/L during the yolk utilisation period.
    [Show full text]