February 2020 in This Issue
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Lunar Impact Crater Identification and Age Estimation with Chang’E
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20215-y OPEN Lunar impact crater identification and age estimation with Chang’E data by deep and transfer learning ✉ Chen Yang 1,2 , Haishi Zhao 3, Lorenzo Bruzzone4, Jon Atli Benediktsson 5, Yanchun Liang3, Bin Liu 2, ✉ ✉ Xingguo Zeng 2, Renchu Guan 3 , Chunlai Li 2 & Ziyuan Ouyang1,2 1234567890():,; Impact craters, which can be considered the lunar equivalent of fossils, are the most dominant lunar surface features and record the history of the Solar System. We address the problem of automatic crater detection and age estimation. From initially small numbers of recognized craters and dated craters, i.e., 7895 and 1411, respectively, we progressively identify new craters and estimate their ages with Chang’E data and stratigraphic information by transfer learning using deep neural networks. This results in the identification of 109,956 new craters, which is more than a dozen times greater than the initial number of recognized craters. The formation systems of 18,996 newly detected craters larger than 8 km are esti- mated. Here, a new lunar crater database for the mid- and low-latitude regions of the Moon is derived and distributed to the planetary community together with the related data analysis. 1 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, 130061 Changchun, China. 2 Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China. 3 Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, 130012 Changchun, China. 4 Department of Information Engineering and Computer ✉ Science, University of Trento, I-38122 Trento, Italy. -
Tasker H. Bliss and the Creation of the Modern American Army, 1853-1930
TASKER H. BLISS AND THE CREATION OF THE MODERN AMERICAN ARMY, 1853-1930 _________________________________________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board __________________________________________________________ in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY __________________________________________________________ by Thomas R. English December 2014 Examining Committee Members: Richard Immerman, Advisory Chair, Temple University, Department of History Gregory J. W. Urwin, Temple University, Department of History Jay Lockenour, Temple University, Department of History Daniel W. Crofts, External Member,The College of New Jersey, Department of History, Emeritus ii © Copyright 2014 By Thomas R. English All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT A commonplace observation among historians describes one or another historical period as a time of “transition” or a particular person as a “transitional figure.” In the history of the United States Army, scholars apply those terms especially to the late- nineteenth century “Old Army.” This categorization has helped create a shelf of biographies of some of the transitional figures of the era. Leonard Wood, John J. Pershing, Robert Lee Bullard, William Harding Carter, Henry Tureman Allen, Nelson Appleton Miles and John McCallister Schofield have all been the subject of excellent scholarly works. Tasker Howard Bliss has remained among the missing in that group, in spite of the important activities that marked his career and the wealth of source materials he left behind. Bliss belongs on that list because, like the others, his career demonstrates the changing nature of the U.S. Army between 1871 and 1917. Bliss served for the most part in administrative positions in the United States and in the American overseas empire. -
Grosvenor Prints CATALOGUE for the ABA FAIR 2008
Grosvenor Prints 19 Shelton Street Covent Garden London WC2H 9JN Tel: 020 7836 1979 Fax: 020 7379 6695 E-mail: [email protected] www.grosvenorprints.com Dealers in Antique Prints & Books CATALOGUE FOR THE ABA FAIR 2008 Arts 1 – 5 Books & Ephemera 6 – 119 Decorative 120 – 155 Dogs 156 – 161 Historical, Social & Political 162 – 166 London 167 – 209 Modern Etchings 210 – 226 Natural History 227 – 233 Naval & Military 234 – 269 Portraits 270 – 448 Satire 449 – 602 Science, Trades & Industry 603 – 640 Sports & Pastimes 641 – 660 Foreign Topography 661 – 814 UK Topography 805 - 846 Registered in England No. 1305630 Registered Office: 2, Castle Business Village, Station Road, Hampton, Middlesex. TW12 2BX. Rainbrook Ltd. Directors: N.C. Talbot. T.D.M. Rayment. C.E. Ellis. E&OE VAT No. 217 6907 49 GROSVENOR PRINTS Catalogue of new stock released in conjunction with the ABA Fair 2008. In shop from noon 3rd June, 2008 and at Olympia opening 5th June. Established by Nigel Talbot in 1976, we have built up the United Kingdom’s largest stock of prints from the 17th to early 20th centuries. Well known for our topographical views, portraits, sporting and decorative subjects, we pride ourselves on being able to cater for almost every taste, no matter how obscure. We hope you enjoy this catalogue put together for this years’ Antiquarian Book Fair. Our largest ever catalogue contains over 800 items, many rare, interesting and unique images. We have also been lucky to purchase a very large stock of theatrical prints from the Estate of Alec Clunes, a well known actor, dealer and collector from the 1950’s and 60’s. -
Global Change Education Resource Guide. INSTITUTION National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 402 175 SE 059 389 AUTHOR Mortensen, Lynn L., Ed. TITLE Global Change Education Resource Guide. INSTITUTION National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC. Office of Global Programs. SPONS AGENCY Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE [96] NOTE 680p. AVAILABLE FROMNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Global Programs, 1100 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1225, Silver Spring, MD 20910. PUB TYPE Collected Works Conference Proceedings (021) Guides Non-Classroom Use (055) Audiovisual /Non -Print Materials (100) EDRS PRICE MF04/PC28 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Climate Change; *Decision Making Skills; Ecology; *Environmental Education; *Global Warming; *Greenhouse Effect; *Science Curriculum; Secondary Education; Videotape Recordings ABSTRACT This guide is intended as an aid to educators who conduct programs and activities on climate and global change issues for a variety of audiences. The selected set of currently available materials are appropriate for both formal and informal programs in environmental education and can help frame and clarify some of the key issues associated with changes in the global environment. Sections in the guide are as follows: natural climate variability, greenhouse effect, sea-level rise, ozone depletion, ecosystem response, and decision-making under scientific uncertainty, and an extensive bibliography. Fact sheets, articles, learning activities, full-color overhead transparencies, and duplicate slides are included within each topic area. The fact sheets display short summaries of current information and data. Scripts for the overhead color transparencies, an edited videotaped version of the proceedings of a national video conference for educators about global change, and a collection of satellite photographs of the earth's changing surface are also provided. -
Glossary Glossary
Glossary Glossary Albedo A measure of an object’s reflectivity. A pure white reflecting surface has an albedo of 1.0 (100%). A pitch-black, nonreflecting surface has an albedo of 0.0. The Moon is a fairly dark object with a combined albedo of 0.07 (reflecting 7% of the sunlight that falls upon it). The albedo range of the lunar maria is between 0.05 and 0.08. The brighter highlands have an albedo range from 0.09 to 0.15. Anorthosite Rocks rich in the mineral feldspar, making up much of the Moon’s bright highland regions. Aperture The diameter of a telescope’s objective lens or primary mirror. Apogee The point in the Moon’s orbit where it is furthest from the Earth. At apogee, the Moon can reach a maximum distance of 406,700 km from the Earth. Apollo The manned lunar program of the United States. Between July 1969 and December 1972, six Apollo missions landed on the Moon, allowing a total of 12 astronauts to explore its surface. Asteroid A minor planet. A large solid body of rock in orbit around the Sun. Banded crater A crater that displays dusky linear tracts on its inner walls and/or floor. 250 Basalt A dark, fine-grained volcanic rock, low in silicon, with a low viscosity. Basaltic material fills many of the Moon’s major basins, especially on the near side. Glossary Basin A very large circular impact structure (usually comprising multiple concentric rings) that usually displays some degree of flooding with lava. The largest and most conspicuous lava- flooded basins on the Moon are found on the near side, and most are filled to their outer edges with mare basalts. -
January 2019 Cardanus & Krafft
A PUBLICATION OF THE LUNAR SECTION OF THE A.L.P.O. EDITED BY: Wayne Bailey [email protected] 17 Autumn Lane, Sewell, NJ 08080 RECENT BACK ISSUES: http://moon.scopesandscapes.com/tlo_back.html FEATURE OF THE MONTH – JANUARY 2019 CARDANUS & KRAFFT Sketch and text by Robert H. Hays, Jr. - Worth, Illinois, USA September 24, 2018 04:40-05:04 UT, 15 cm refl, 170x, seeing 7/10, transparence 6/6. I drew these craters and vicinity on the night of Sept. 23/24, 2018. The moon was about 22 hours before full. This area is in far western Oceanus Procellarum, and was favorably placed for observation that night. Cardanus is the southern one of this pair and is of moderate depth. Krafft to the north is practically identical in size, and is perhaps slightly deeper. Neither crater has a central peak. Several small craters are near and within Krafft. The crater just outside the southeast rim of Krafft is Krafft E, and Krafft C is nearby within Krafft. The small pit to the west is Krafft K, and Krafft D is between Krafft and Cardanus. Krafft C, D and E are similar sized, but K is smaller than these. A triangular-shaped swelling protrudes from the north side of Krafft. The tiny pit, even smaller than Krafft K, east of Cardanus is Cardanus E. There is a dusky area along the southwest side of Cardanus. Two short dark strips in this area may be part of the broken ring Cardanus R as shown on the. Lunar Quadrant map. -
Compilation, References, Kimberlite, Diamond
Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6067 A Compilation of References for Kimberlite, Diamond and Related Topics 2001 ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open File Report 6067 A Compilation of References for Kimberlite, Diamond and Related Topics by R.P. Sage and T. Gareau 2001 Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this publication be made in the following form: Sage, R.P.and Gareau, T.2001. A compilation of references for kimberlite, diamond and related topics; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6067, 101p. e Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2001 e Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2001. Open File Reports of the Ontario Geological Survey are available for viewing at the Mines Library in Sudbury, at the Mines and Minerals Information Centre in Toronto, and at the regional Mines and Minerals office whose district includes the area covered by the report (see below). Copies can be purchased at Publication Sales and the office whose district includes the area covered by the report. Al- though a particular report may not be in stock at locations other than the Publication Sales office in Sudbury, they can generally be obtained within 3 working days. All telephone, fax, mail and e-mail orders should be directed to the Publica- tion Sales office in Sudbury. Use of VISA or MasterCard ensures the fastest possible service. Cheques or money orders should be made payable to the Minister of Finance. Mines and Minerals Information Centre (MMIC) Tel: (416) 314-3800 Macdonald Block, Room M2-17 1-800-665-4480(toll free inside Ontario) 900 Bay St. -
Feature of the Month – January 2016 Galilaei
A PUBLICATION OF THE LUNAR SECTION OF THE A.L.P.O. EDITED BY: Wayne Bailey [email protected] 17 Autumn Lane, Sewell, NJ 08080 RECENT BACK ISSUES: http://moon.scopesandscapes.com/tlo_back.html FEATURE OF THE MONTH – JANUARY 2016 GALILAEI Sketch and text by Robert H. Hays, Jr. - Worth, Illinois, USA October 26, 2015 03:32-03:58 UT, 15 cm refl, 170x, seeing 8-9/10 I sketched this crater and vicinity on the evening of Oct. 25/26, 2015 after the moon hid ZC 109. This was about 32 hours before full. Galilaei is a modest but very crisp crater in far western Oceanus Procellarum. It appears very symmetrical, but there is a faint strip of shadow protruding from its southern end. Galilaei A is the very similar but smaller crater north of Galilaei. The bright spot to the south is labeled Galilaei D on the Lunar Quadrant map. A tiny bit of shadow was glimpsed in this spot indicating a craterlet. Two more moderately bright spots are east of Galilaei. The western one of this pair showed a bit of shadow, much like Galilaei D, but the other one did not. Galilaei B is the shadow-filled crater to the west. This shadowing gave this crater a ring shape. This ring was thicker on its west side. Galilaei H is the small pit just west of B. A wide, low ridge extends to the southwest from Galilaei B, and a crisper peak is south of H. Galilaei B must be more recent than its attendant ridge since the crater's exterior shadow falls upon the ridge. -
TRANSIENT LUNAR PHENOMENA: REGULARITY and REALITY Arlin P
The Astrophysical Journal, 697:1–15, 2009 May 20 doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/1/1 C 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. TRANSIENT LUNAR PHENOMENA: REGULARITY AND REALITY Arlin P. S. Crotts Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA Received 2007 June 27; accepted 2009 February 20; published 2009 April 30 ABSTRACT Transient lunar phenomena (TLPs) have been reported for centuries, but their nature is largely unsettled, and even their existence as a coherent phenomenon is controversial. Nonetheless, TLP data show regularities in the observations; a key question is whether this structure is imposed by processes tied to the lunar surface, or by terrestrial atmospheric or human observer effects. I interrogate an extensive catalog of TLPs to gauge how human factors determine the distribution of TLP reports. The sample is grouped according to variables which should produce differing results if determining factors involve humans, and not reflecting phenomena tied to the lunar surface. Features dependent on human factors can then be excluded. Regardless of how the sample is split, the results are similar: ∼50% of reports originate from near Aristarchus, ∼16% from Plato, ∼6% from recent, major impacts (Copernicus, Kepler, Tycho, and Aristarchus), plus several at Grimaldi. Mare Crisium produces a robust signal in some cases (however, Crisium is too large for a “feature” as defined). TLP count consistency for these features indicates that ∼80% of these may be real. Some commonly reported sites disappear from the robust averages, including Alphonsus, Ross D, and Gassendi. -
Special Catalogue Milestones of Lunar Mapping and Photography Four Centuries of Selenography on the Occasion of the 50Th Anniversary of Apollo 11 Moon Landing
Special Catalogue Milestones of Lunar Mapping and Photography Four Centuries of Selenography On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Apollo 11 moon landing Please note: A specific item in this catalogue may be sold or is on hold if the provided link to our online inventory (by clicking on the blue-highlighted author name) doesn't work! Milestones of Science Books phone +49 (0) 177 – 2 41 0006 www.milestone-books.de [email protected] Member of ILAB and VDA Catalogue 07-2019 Copyright © 2019 Milestones of Science Books. All rights reserved Page 2 of 71 Authors in Chronological Order Author Year No. Author Year No. BIRT, William 1869 7 SCHEINER, Christoph 1614 72 PROCTOR, Richard 1873 66 WILKINS, John 1640 87 NASMYTH, James 1874 58, 59, 60, 61 SCHYRLEUS DE RHEITA, Anton 1645 77 NEISON, Edmund 1876 62, 63 HEVELIUS, Johannes 1647 29 LOHRMANN, Wilhelm 1878 42, 43, 44 RICCIOLI, Giambattista 1651 67 SCHMIDT, Johann 1878 75 GALILEI, Galileo 1653 22 WEINEK, Ladislaus 1885 84 KIRCHER, Athanasius 1660 31 PRINZ, Wilhelm 1894 65 CHERUBIN D'ORLEANS, Capuchin 1671 8 ELGER, Thomas Gwyn 1895 15 EIMMART, Georg Christoph 1696 14 FAUTH, Philipp 1895 17 KEILL, John 1718 30 KRIEGER, Johann 1898 33 BIANCHINI, Francesco 1728 6 LOEWY, Maurice 1899 39, 40 DOPPELMAYR, Johann Gabriel 1730 11 FRANZ, Julius Heinrich 1901 21 MAUPERTUIS, Pierre Louis 1741 50 PICKERING, William 1904 64 WOLFF, Christian von 1747 88 FAUTH, Philipp 1907 18 CLAIRAUT, Alexis-Claude 1765 9 GOODACRE, Walter 1910 23 MAYER, Johann Tobias 1770 51 KRIEGER, Johann 1912 34 SAVOY, Gaspare 1770 71 LE MORVAN, Charles 1914 37 EULER, Leonhard 1772 16 WEGENER, Alfred 1921 83 MAYER, Johann Tobias 1775 52 GOODACRE, Walter 1931 24 SCHRÖTER, Johann Hieronymus 1791 76 FAUTH, Philipp 1932 19 GRUITHUISEN, Franz von Paula 1825 25 WILKINS, Hugh Percy 1937 86 LOHRMANN, Wilhelm Gotthelf 1824 41 USSR ACADEMY 1959 1 BEER, Wilhelm 1834 4 ARTHUR, David 1960 3 BEER, Wilhelm 1837 5 HACKMAN, Robert 1960 27 MÄDLER, Johann Heinrich 1837 49 KUIPER Gerard P. -
Feature of the Month - August 2006
RECENT BACK ISSUES: http://www.zone-vx.com/tlo_back.html A PUBLICATION OF THE LUNAR SECTION OF THE A.L.P.O. EDITED BY: William M. Dembowski, F.R.A.S. - [email protected] Elton Moonshine Observatory - http://www.zone-vx.com 219 Old Bedford Pike (Elton) - Windber, PA 15963 FEATURE OF THE MONTH - AUGUST 2006 RHEITA E Sketch and text by Robert H. Hays, Jr. - Worth, Illinois, USA March 5, 200 - 01:15 to 01:45 UT 15cm Newtonian - 170x - Seeing 7-8/10 I sketched this crater and vicinity on the evening of March 4, 2006 after observing two occultations. This feature is located amid a jumble of craters south of Mare Fecunditatis. This is an elongated crater that appears to be the result of at least three impacts. The north and south lobes are about the same size, but the southern lobe is definitely deeper. The central portion is about the size of the north and south lobes combined. There are some bits of shadow on the floor, but I saw no obvious hills or craters there. I have drawn the shadowing within and around Rheita E as I saw it. There is an obvious ridge extending westward from the south lobe. The crater Rheita F is adjacent to the south lobe of Rheita E, and has a strip of shadow parallel to the ridge from Rheita E. Rheita M is the large, shallow crater east of Rheita E's south end, and Rheita N is the small, shallow pit between them. Stevinus D is the slightly smaller, but deeper crater north of Rheita M. -
Sky and Telescope
SkyandTelescope.com The Lunar 100 By Charles A. Wood Just about every telescope user is familiar with French comet hunter Charles Messier's catalog of fuzzy objects. Messier's 18th-century listing of 109 galaxies, clusters, and nebulae contains some of the largest, brightest, and most visually interesting deep-sky treasures visible from the Northern Hemisphere. Little wonder that observing all the M objects is regarded as a virtual rite of passage for amateur astronomers. But the night sky offers an object that is larger, brighter, and more visually captivating than anything on Messier's list: the Moon. Yet many backyard astronomers never go beyond the astro-tourist stage to acquire the knowledge and understanding necessary to really appreciate what they're looking at, and how magnificent and amazing it truly is. Perhaps this is because after they identify a few of the Moon's most conspicuous features, many amateurs don't know where Many Lunar 100 selections are plainly visible in this image of the full Moon, while others require to look next. a more detailed view, different illumination, or favorable libration. North is up. S&T: Gary The Lunar 100 list is an attempt to provide Moon lovers with Seronik something akin to what deep-sky observers enjoy with the Messier catalog: a selection of telescopic sights to ignite interest and enhance understanding. Presented here is a selection of the Moon's 100 most interesting regions, craters, basins, mountains, rilles, and domes. I challenge observers to find and observe them all and, more important, to consider what each feature tells us about lunar and Earth history.