Review B The British Museum Review 2017/18

Ganesha, 12th century India’s global contacts were explored in a collaborative exhibition in Mumbai and Delhi. BM loans to India and the world included this Javanese sculpture of the Hindu deity Ganesha. (Height 62 cm)

Contents

Director’s preface 4 Chairman’s foreword 6 Headlines 8

London Collection 12 Exhibitions 16 Learning and events 22 Digital 24 Research 29

National Loans and tours 32 Training and partnerships 35 UK archaeology 38

International Loans and tours 42 Training and partnerships 44 World archaeology 48

Support for the BM 52 Appendices 56 Guardian lion-dog, 2015 Lion-dogs guard homes and temples in Japan. This contemporary example by Matsumoto Satoru and Komatsu Miwa featured in the BM exhibition, Living with gods. (Height 31 cm) , 3.7m people , 3.7m The is BM an inspiring hive activity. of Our digital audience grows larger every year. When I arrived the at BM, I was impressed 4 have Exciting exhibitions and events in 2017/18 againonce shown the British Museum to be a place cultural of adventure. As top the UK’s visitor attraction – with – 5.9m visitors in 2017 the only not BM has the outstanding permanent collection to draw lively people, but programmes tailored to different groups – from political debates to our playful activities under-fives, for encouraging them to start early as friends and fans the of BM. Visitors pour through the Great Court, often unaware that around them are events for communitygroups and visitors with special needs, and thousands young of people drawing artefacts, following guided tours comparing or different cultures from around the Those world. activities change all the time, and increasingly use technology to engage with the past in ways familiar Over to everyone under 320,000 18. students booked school visits the at last BM year, with many arriving more informal on teacher-led trips. This rich strand activity of was honoured the when received BM awards Best for in 2017/18 Digital Museum Experience, and Best Museum VisitSchools. for When the posted BM a video Hokusai’s about celebrated print, The Great Wave Digitally Facebook. watched on it re- have we created ancient Maya and monuments brought together 24,000 images hand-drawn of rock art from 20 African countries. As a means sharing of culture and an understanding the of the world, onlineBM achieves a powerful impact. extensive how at its public engagement is. From youth volunteers in London to advising early- career trainees across the UK, activities BM a clearuphold purpose the for public good now and in the future. Internationally too strive we to create long-term benefits – training archaeologists in Iraq to preserve heritage risk at and running an International Training Programme for colleagues from across the globe. The purpose is to share are we who and know what we with as many people as possible. The was BM as founded a public museum nearly three centuries ago and sinceever has lived to up its core mission: culture is for everyone. Hartwig Fischer Director Visits to the BM A family examines pottery of the 2nd to 4th century AD in the Weston Gallery of Roman Britain. The BM was the UK’s leading visitor attraction in 2017.

Director’s preface 5 Chairman’s foreword Chairman’s 6

The British Museum is approaching an important moment in its long history, with some big strategic decisions to be made. The Trustees’ overriding priorities are to preserve and enhance the collection for the benefit of future generations in Bloomsbury, across the country and around the world. The Government’s welcome decision to make it possible for the BM, the Science Museum and the V&A to move large parts of their research collections from storage at Blythe House in West London provides a great opportunity to find a better home for these objects. Trustees set a number of criteria in deciding where to locate the Museum’s new facilities. After careful study, the choice settled on Reading, where a happy collaboration with the University to develop the BM Archaeological Research Collection is now underway. The new building will provide excellent study and research space for scholars and students, and will provide much improved storage space for our objects. At the same time, the Trustees have been supporting the Director and his colleagues as they develop their ideas for the future presentation of the collection in Bloomsbury. Our ambitious plans include a determination to give greater prominence to parts of the collection that at present are under-represented in the public display, such as South America, Oceania and Africa, and to highlight the connections between different cultures across the millennia. This is a long-term project, and will keep the BM at the forefront of the great museums in the world.

Jain and Buddhist figures The new Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and South Asia includes displays on the region’s religions. Visitors can see a 10th-century sculpture of a Jain tirthankara (top) from the Deccan in southern India and a 11th–12th century bodhisattva from China. (Heights 82 cm; 170 cm) 7

The building in Bloomsbury is one of our Trustees greatest assets, and is going to need significant investment to make it fit for purpose through the The Hon. Nigel Boardman 21st century. The Trustees have major decisions Ms Cheryl Carolus to make about the priorities, with much to be Ms Elizabeth Corley CBE done to improve the public galleries, visitor Ms Patricia Cumper MBE facilities, collection management and working Ms Clarissa Farr conditions across the estate. They also have to Professor Clive Gamble FBA support the continuing process of improving the Ms Muriel Gray permanent galleries for today’s visitors. All this is Ms Wasfi Kani OBE against a backdrop of tough financial constraints. (to September 2017) A high point last year came when Her Majesty Professor Nicola Lacey CBE FBA The Queen arrived to reopen the Sir Joseph Sir Richard Lambert Hotung Gallery of China and South Asia exactly Lord Lupton CBE 25 years after she did it for the first time. Once (to July 2017) again, Sir Joseph’s generosity has made these Sir Deryck Maughan spectacular collections come alive for the public. Mr John Micklethwait CBE The Trustees extend their heartfelt thanks to Sir Paul Nurse FRS all staff, volunteers and supporters whose hard Mr Gavin Patterson work makes everything possible. The British Mr Mark Pears CBE Museum is a public good of inestimable value, (from July 2017) and it depends on them. Grayson Perry CBE RA Sir Paul Ruddock Sir Richard Lambert Lord Sassoon Chairman of the Trustees Professor Amartya Sen CH FBA Dame Nemat (Minouche) Shafik Ms Ahdaf Soueif Lord Turner of Ecchinswell FRS Baroness Wheatcroft of Blackheath Headlines 8 The British Museum Review 2017/18

London

A year of awards In 2017/18, the BM proudly received many awards for the broad spectrum of its work. They included Best Digital Museum Experience and Best School Visit, as well as honours for sponsorship, event cinema and academic research.

Britain’s top attraction In the past ten years, 61.3 million people visited the BM in London. It is the UK’s top visitor attraction, with 5.9m visitors in 2017. The BM’s social media audience is in the top three among museums worldwide, with 4.8m followers.

HM The Queen opens The Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and South Asia new BM gallery opened in November 2017.

BM Archaeological With the University of Reading, the BM is creating a new Research Collection collection storage and research facility in Berkshire.

Other worlds Major exhibitions introduced visitors to the artist who created to London The Great Wave, Katsushika Hokusai, and nomadic tribesmen of the 1st millennium BC, the Scythians. The two shows attracted over 280,000 people.

On film and radio A film on Hokusai was screened in 800 cinemas worldwide. Living with the gods, narrated by former BM Director Neil MacGregor, drew 3.5m weekly listeners on BBC Radio 4.

Addressing each Nearly 5,000 people attended free exhibition previews for community community groups.

Young visitors Over 320,000 children and young people booked school visits to the BM. Special programmes welcomed children with Special Educational Needs and from Supplementary Schools.

Exceptional loans to BM exhibitions included this Digital approaches In the Samsung Digital Discovery Centre, the Innovation Lab 40,000-year-old lion to material culture encourages young people to use technology to approach the man sculpture made of mammoth ivory, borrowed collection. Since 2009, the SDDC has welcomed over 115,000 from Museum Ulm in children, young people and families to explore the BM. Germany for Living with gods. (Height 31 cm) Earliest figurative Tattoos of horned animals, possibly bulls or sheep, were tattoos discovered discovered on a 5,000-year-old Egyptian mummy at the BM. 9 Headlines

National

Ganesha on UK tour Nationwide loans included a 13th-century sculpture of the Hindu god Ganesha, which has been seen by 620,000 people around Britain. Overall the BM loaned more than 2,500 objects to 126 UK venues in 2017/18.

Vikings take York Viking: rediscover the legend combined 600 objects from York Museums Trust and the BM. The touring exhibition drew 70,000 people at its first venue, a 51% increase in attendance for the Yorkshire Museum.

Learning to arrange a Successful training for national colleagues included a course museum loan on how to arrange a loan from another museum. The theme of the BM’s annual conference for its national partners was how to foster more lending around the country.

Digital training Under a new Skills for the Future programme funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund, the BM will train young people in museums across the UK in digital preservation.

Different voices Object Journeys invited community groups to work with the BM collection and those of museums in Manchester, Leicester and Brighton. Participants created new displays on Kiribati culture, Pakistani textiles, global art and African clothing.

Public votes for best To mark the 20th anniversary of the implementation of the UK Treasure find Treasure Act, the Telegraph ran a competition for best UK Treasure find. The winner was the Frome Hoard, a Roman pot of over 52,000 coins found in Somerset in 2010.

Italian gold discovered Finds made by the public in 2017, and reported through the in the West Midlands Portable Antiquities Scheme, included a 14th-century gold coin from Genoa, discovered in the West Midlands. Over 1.3m UK A Viking strap-end with finds can be accessed on the PAS database. animal reliefs was one of 400 BM objects seen in the UK in Viking: rediscover the legend. The Ice Age island Archaeological fieldwork undertaken with Southampton exhibition toured to York, University, Jersey Heritage and University College Nottingham and Southport. London explored how humans on Jersey adapted to (Height 9 cm) submerged landscapes. 10 The British Museum Review 2017/18

International

Crossing continents The BM loaned more than 2,200 objects to 81 venues outside the UK in 2017/18. They included African objects shown in Moscow in an exhibition on the Portuguese empire.

Exhibition in Mumbai A partnership with two museums in India, CSMVS and and Delhi the National Museum, produced India and the world: a history in nine stories. The major exhibition, seen by 200,000 people in Mumbai, set India’s long history in a global perspective. The BM created a special website to encourage wider engagement across India.

Partnerships in China BM ties to China included a number of enormously successful exhibitions. A History of the World in 100 Objects drew huge audiences in Beijing and Shanghai. A record-breaking 850,000 people came to see ancient Egyptian mummies at the Hong Kong Science Museum.

Discoveries in Iraq The BM is training colleagues in Iraq in Emergency Heritage Management. Fieldwork in the country has turned up astonishing discoveries, including a city associated with the Greek general Alexander the Great.

Thieves thwarted Thieves desecrated an Islamic monument in Uzbekistan by in Uzbekistan chipping away a large 13th-century blue-glazed tile. When it came up for sale, the BM helped to identify the tile and At the Hong Kong Science arrange its return. Museum, 850,000 people visited a BM exhibition on ancient Egyptian mummies. Loans included this Archaeology for Using 10 years’ international fieldwork at Amara West in 2nd-century AD mummy local people northern Sudan, the BM is reaching out to local people. portrait. (32 x 19 cm) A booklet for schools and a podcast are fostering awareness of the community’s Nubian heritage.

Before Columbus In the Caribbean, the BM El Corazon del Caribe Research Project held a field school on the Isla de Mona. Students from Puerto Rico and the UK excavated a pre-Columbian indigenous village. 11 Headlines

In the future

Islamic and Japanese The Albukhary Foundation Galleries of the Islamic World galleries to open will open in October 2018. The displays encompass the art and material culture of the Islamic world from Africa to China. The Mitsubishi Corporation Japanese Galleries reopen in autumn 2018.

Meet the King From 668 BC, King Ashurbanipal ruled a vast empire from of Assyria his capital at Nineveh in present-day Iraq. An exhibition at the BM in 2018 will explore ancient Assyria through his life and legacy.

Hans Sloane The collection of Hans Sloane gave rise to the BM in the 18th anatomised century. Researchers are studying the catalogues he kept of his natural specimens, books and antiquities. Analysis of their structure and influence will be published, as will an online transcription of selected volumes.

Gallery partnership At Auckland Castle in County Durham, where a new Faith in Durham Museum is due to open in 2019, a new gallery will feature over This gilded mosque lamp 80 objects from the BM collection. of c.1330, which comes from Egypt or Syria, is inscribed with the ‘verse of light’ (Qur’an 24:35). Digital memory and The BM will host a conference in September 2018 on the It will feature in the new museums practice and policy of digital preservation in museums. Albukhary Foundation Galleries of the Islamic World. (Height 36 cm) Objects that object A three-part series presented by Ian Hislop on BBC Radio 4 looks at dissenting objects in the BM collection. The programmes will coincide with an exhibition on subversion and satire at the BM.

BM exhibitions abroad In 2018, the BM will tour ancient Egyptian artefacts to Australia and Spain, luxury goods from ancient Babylon to Hong Kong and treasures from medieval Europe to Canada. India and the World, a collaboration with India’s National Museum and CSMVS, travels to Delhi.

Applied science Many materials in the BM collection such as bone and feathers contain protein. Using advances in biomedical research, the BM is analysing proteins to identify animal species. Future work includes sequencing protein molecules in the sinews used by the Alutiiq in Alaska to make cord to understand the community’s changing environment.

New galleryNew of the gallery in November 2017. November examine the new Sir Joseph Hotung HMThe Queen and displays at the launch launch the at displays Dragon tiles, made 1480–1580 Highlights of the new Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and South Asia include a set of Ming dynasty roof tiles featuring blue dragons yellow and lotuses, among donated by Sir Joseph Hotung. (39 x 244 cm) London 13 London

Collection the multiple religious traditions of South Asia — Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Sikh, Muslim and The BM collection tells the many stories of Christian – include a 1,000-year-old bronze of humankind. New galleries and acquisitions the god Shiva dancing in a ring of flame. At the ensure the history the BM presents is current west end are the celebrated sculptures from the and relevant to audiences today Buddhist shrine at Amaravati in south-east India. Both the Asahi Shimbun Gallery of Amaravati Sculptures and the Selwyn and Ellie Alleyne Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and Gallery of Chinese Jade were renewed as part of South Asia opens the new suite of galleries. The Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and The Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and South Asia was officially opened by HM The South Asia emphasises the connections among its Queen in November 2017. The refurbishment regional stories: in art and technology, through was made possible by a generous donation from trade and travel, from Sri Lanka to Nepal, The Sir Joseph Hotung Charitable Settlement. Pakistan to China. Advanced conservation As visitors walk in, they encounter the story monitoring now permits the display of fragile of China and South Asia through a magnificent textiles and paintings that the BM was unable to set of auspicious sculptures and vessels – Ming show previously. The stories of China and South dynasty dragon tiles, a smiling Budai and Asia are also, for the first time, carried through Ganesha. Throughout the gallery are outstanding to the 21st century, with changing displays Chinese artefacts of jade, porcelain and bronze, of photographs, installations and sculptures as well as paintings and textiles. Together they showcasing their vibrant cultures today. The Times narrate the region’s history from 5000 BC to called the gallery a ‘magnificent space’. the present. The chronology of South Asia begins with a stone tool made 1.5 million years ago. Artefacts of the early Indus Valley civilisation include stamp seals figured with animals and a mysterious script that remains undeciphered. Objects celebrating 14 The British Museum Review 2017/18

New collections storage With the University of Reading, the BM is constructing a new collections storage and research facility in Berkshire.

Night Bloom II, 2000 Contemporary acquisitions included this ceramic sculpture by Indian artist Mrinalini Mukherjee. (Height 110 cm)

Samurai armour, 18th century A newly acquired suit of Samurai armour is undergoing conservation prior to its display in the Mitsubishi Corporation Japanese Galleries, which reopen in September 2018. (Height 150 cm)

Gallery improvements New research facility The BM masterplan for the building aims to In November 2017, the BM announced the create for visitors a more coherent journey among creation of the British Museum Archaeological cultures, showing both their distinctness and Research Collection, a major new collection how they intersect. Media coverage of the BM’s storage and research facility. The building will be long-term plans for the building was extensive in developed as part of an exciting partnership with 2017, including the prospect of using the former the University of Reading to provide improved Reading Room as a gallery space at the heart of access to the collection for scholars, students the Museum. and the public through study rooms and a loans Two major projects will open in late 2018. centre. The new development, which will be sited The Albukhary Foundation Galleries of the in the Borough of Wokingham in Berkshire, will Islamic World entered its final design phase, house many artefacts from the BM’s international with installation and interpretation underway for collection: ancient sculpture, mosaics, the official launch scheduled for October. The archaeological assemblages and historical plaster Mitsubishi Corporation Japanese Galleries, closed casts. It will be an integral part of the BM’s focus from January 2018 for a major refurbishment, on global research. Many of the objects will move will also reopen in the autumn. Other gallery from Blythe House in London, which the BM, renewals included Room 46 (Europe 1400–1800). Science Museum and Victoria & Albert Museum With new displays on topics such as Jewish must vacate by 2023. Government funding of communities in Europe and the Huguenots in £150m has been allocated to the three museums London, the gallery reopened in spring 2018. to enable the move. 15 London

Recent acquisitions Conserving love potions and Samurai armour The collection continued to develop through Conservation projects ensured the long-term donations and purchases. In response to the rapid care of objects across the collection. Scottish rise of digital culture, the BM has been framing a traveller Robert Hay acquired a book of spells in collecting protocol for digital assets. Egypt in the 19th century. Written in Coptic in Recent acquisitions could be seen in the the 6th or 7th century AD, the ‘Hay cookbook’ galleries. Two dramatic Moko Jumbie figures contains lists of ingredients for magical and by Zac Ove became the first contemporary medicinal purposes, alongside invocations for Caribbean works displayed in the Sainsbury protection and assistance in the pursuit of love Africa Galleries. Night Bloom II by Mrinalini and profit. Now darkened with age, the texts are Mukherjee was purchased with support from the largely illegible, and no standard conservation Art Fund and a contribution from the Wolfson and mounting solution currently exists for this Foundation. The ceramic sculpture was one of type of damage. The BM is applying a range of several contemporary works featured in the approaches to reverse old treatments, make more newly opened Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of subtle joins and remount the inked leather skins. China and South Asia. The extensive conservation is linked to a research The year’s outstanding gift was the project to translate and re-evaluate the text. donation of 550 Chinese ivories, dating from Across the BM, the collection monitoring the 2nd millennium BC to the 20th century. system of over 700 sensors is now web-based, Assembled by Sir Victor Sassoon, the collection communicating changes of condition immediately was generously donated by the Victor Sassoon to staff. Major conservation projects also included Chinese Ivories Trust, along with an endowment stabilisation of the lacquer-coated iron, silk for its preservation. The ivories were created and leather of a suit of Edo period armour. Its for the Chinese domestic market and for export. progress is being shown on social media and They include sewing boxes, brush pots, wrist the Samurai armour, purchased through the rests, table screens and figurines of deities JTI Japanese Acquisition Fund, will feature in and immortals associated with Buddhism the renewed Mitsubishi Corporation Japanese and Daoism. Galleries, due to reopen in September 2018. Exhibitions exchange of a three-year collaboration with the School of Oriental and African Studies, The popular exhibitions programme combines funded by the Arts and Humanities Research international loans with the BM collection to Council (AHRC). Co-curated with the Abeno shine a light on individual cultures and times Harukas Art Museum in Osaka, the exhibition drew 266,000 visitors when shown in Japan later in the year. Making waves with Hokusai Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave, supported by Hokusai on film Mitsubishi Corporation, drew sell-out audiences The new scholarship on Hokusai found a and outstanding reviews. ‘Nothing visible or platform in a highly successful film produced invisible is beyond his art’s reach,’ said the by the BM with NHK (Japan Broadcasting Observer of the Japanese artist Katsushika Corporation) and acquired by the BBC. The Hokusai. ‘Rivers flow like watered silk . . . The documentary movingly revealed the extremes of technical mastery of the woodblock print . . . Hokusai’s long life – his success and poverty, his simply amazes.’ complete daily dedication to his art. This major exhibition focused on the works On 4 June 2017, Hokusai was screened in Hokusai made after the age of 60. Paintings, cinemas across the UK with an introduction by drawings, woodblock prints and illustrated books BM Director Hartwig Fischer and a tour through explored the last 30 years of his career – from his the exhibition, with commentary from artists famous series of prints of 1831–3 showing views of such as David Hockney and Maggi Hambling. Mount Fuji to remarkable depictions of dragons A version for television later aired on BBC4. The and lion dancers, poets and heroes. Many of Sunday Times praised the film as ‘a surprisingly the paintings had never been shown in the UK. emotional study of this Japanese artist’s life and Unusual loans included two ceiling panels which work’. The Observer called it ‘a true delight’. It has Hokusai painted with foaming waves, loaned by since been shown in 800 cinemas worldwide from Kanmachi Neighbourhood Council in Obuse. Colombia to China, is being distributed on TV The exhibition, attended by 150,000 people, and other digital platforms, and is also available drew extensively on the research and scholarly on DVD from the BM shop. When broadcast in 17 London

Hokusai: beyond the Terror mask, 20th century Great Wave During initiation rites for Pende A major exhibition on the boys in the Democratic Republic Japanese artist Katsushika of Congo, a man wearing a Hokusai explored the last palm-fibre terror mask guards 30 years of his career. This the camp from ‘women and nosy colour woodblock print of people’. The mask featured in 1831 depicts Mount Fuji. the exhibition Living with gods. (26 x 38 cm) (Height 50 cm)

Japan to coincide with the Hokusai exhibition show the British Museum does best . . . It brings in Osaka, 1.8m people watched the transmission. a lost – and in this case relatively little known The film won Best Museum Event Screening – culture to vivid life as you look.’ at the international Mallorca Arts on Screen festival. Beliefs and their communities Living with gods: peoples, places and worlds beyond Warriors from Scythian lands examined how human beings have tried to make The BP exhibition Scythians: warriors of ancient sense of a life beyond their material existence. Siberia unearthed a culture most visitors knew The exhibition was supported by the Genesis little about. Organised with the State Hermitage Foundation, with grateful thanks to John Museum in St Petersburg and supported by Studzinski CBE. BP, the exhibition delved into the lives of the The opening display was a 40,000-year- Scythian tribes who roamed from the Black Sea old Ice Age sculpture, the powerful Lion Man to northern China from 900 to 200 BC. carved from the tusk of a mammoth. The final The astounding finds created what the works were attempts to comprehend loss in Telegraph called a ‘thrilling gallop back in time’. our own time – two T-shirts worn by Syrian Burial mounds preserved saddle covers and fur- children drowned at sea and the Lampedusa lined garments, weapons and armour, cooking Cross, a crucifix made of the shattered remains pots and wooden bowls. Exquisite decorations of a sunken refugee boat. In between were wrought of gold, depicted archers and horsemen, moving, often surprising explorations of faiths goats, boars and fabulous creatures. Bodies and atheism, spiritual conduits and objects of survived too with embalmed heads and tattooed contemplation. They expressed the human skins, as did the remains of hemp used in smoking need for belief and how shared creeds help rituals during which the Scythians, according to to build social groups around the world. As the historian Herodotus, ‘howled with pleasure’. the Financial Times concluded, the objects The exhibition, seen by 132,000 people, ‘impress on the observer the need for greater captured a world and its wider contacts with the understanding and greater generosity ancient Assyrians, Greeks and Persians. As The towards ideas and beliefs that may not be Times concluded, ‘Scythians is exactly the sort of immediately familiar’. Scythian gold Rare objects from the State Hermitage Museum in St Petersburg were displayed in the BP exhibition Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia. This plaque of a Scythian horseman and belt buckle showing figures under a tree were made between the 5th and 3rd century BC. (Lengths 5 cm; 16 cm)

20 The British Museum Review 2017/18

LGBTQ tours and displays Campaigns for LGBTQ rights were highlighted in Desire, love, Charmed lives in Greece identity, marking 50 years since An exhibition on the Anglo- the partial decriminalisation of Greek friendship of Niko homosexuality in England and Ghika, John Craxton and Wales. (Diameter 4 cm) Patrick Leigh Fermor included Ghika’s 1948 oil painting, Chairs and tables by the sea. (21 x 28 cm)

Chinese banknote, dated 1980 The currency of communism marked the 100th anniversary of the Russian Revolution. This 50-yuan note features a scientist or intellectual, a farmer and a steel worker. (8 x 16 cm)

The exhibition was linked to a 30-part radio The currency of communism marked the series, a collaboration between the BM and BBC 100th anniversary of the Russian Revolution. Radio 4. Former BM Director Neil MacGregor Banknotes, posters, coins and medals featured compared places and practices, architectures striking images of progress and the need to and artefacts, to create a portrait of how belief, struggle for a socialist future – a Yugoslav foundry often treated as a cause of division, creates worker; a Somali woman holding a baby, a shovel communities. Each programme brought together and a gun. The displays were the fascinating different cultures: their symbolic treatment of fire outcome of a designated collecting scheme on or water, the meaning of pilgrimage or prayer, the topic, supported by the Art Fund. the effect of having one god or many. Each week 3.5m listeners tuned in, and by March 2018, Impressions of the world there were 1.2m downloads of the podcasts The BM has one of the largest print collections worldwide. A book based on the series is being in the world. The business of prints, supported published by Penguin. by the Eyre Family Foundation, examined the importance of prints from the 1400s until the Political demonstrations advent of photography in the 1850s. Celebrated Desire, love, identity: exploring LGBTQ works by Dürer, Rembrandt and Goya were histories marked 50 years since the partial shown alongside lesser-known examples to create decriminalisation of homosexuality in England a portrait of how prints were produced, used and and Wales. Supported by Stephen and Julie collected. What visitors could see was not just an Fitzgerald, the exhibition was seen by more than art form, but evidence of a highly successful trade. 166,000 people. The story began in 9000 BC and In the mid-20th century, Greece inspired moved across the world, taking in Sappho and creativity and friendship among the artists Niko Hadrian, two ‘Ladies of Llangollen’ who set up Ghika and John Craxton and the writer Patrick home in Wales in 1780, and campaigning badges Leigh Fermor. Charmed lives in Greece: Ghika, Craxton, today. A popular trail through the main galleries, Leigh Fermor, supported by the A.G. Leventis developed by staff across the BM, also highlighted Foundation, charted their encounters in Corfu, LGBTQ histories, from ancient Mesopotamia to Crete and beyond through paintings, drawings modern Africa. and letters. Organised with the A.G. Leventis 21 London

“Our histories are glorious and painful and intertwined and surprising. Now more than ever, we need to understand them all.”

Playwright and BM Trustee Patricia Cumper blogging on Black History Month at the BM

General Toussaint Louverture, 1986 Objects evoking the legacy of the Haitian revolution (1791–1804) included a vodou drum and this portrait by African- American artist Jacob Lawrence. (72 x 47 cm)

Gallery in collaboration with the Benaki Museum Digital technology also featured in On violence and the Craxton Estate, the displays captured a and beauty. Next to depictions of war from ancient particular moment of Anglo-Greek collaboration. Mesopotamia, Egypt and Greece, a video by The many displays across the BM included Iranian artist Farideh Lashai used a beam of Living histories, which presented artists’ responses to moving light to respond to Goya’s celebrated contemporary conditions in Syria and the Middle series of prints, The disasters of war. East. Pots with attitude, supported by the Monument A revolutionary legacy examined the leader Trust, showed the close relationship between Toussaint Louverture and the consequences of the satirical prints and transfer-printed ceramics Haitian revolution in 1791–1804. Its centrepiece in Georgian England. A linked study day in was a Haitian Vodou drum, put on display for the February 2018 looked at ‘Pots, prints and politics: first time. ceramics with an agenda’. The Asahi Shimbun Displays are supported by the Asahi Shimbun. The Asahi Shimbun Displays The Asahi Shimbun Display Japanese woodblock printing: a craft of precision complemented the BM’s major exhibition on the artist Hokusai. Showing the tools and techniques used in preparatory drawing, cutting and printing colours, the display explained how each unique print is achieved. Virtual pilgrimage brought to life an inscription from the 2,000-year-old Great Shrine of Amaravati. The display used technology developed in partnership with Google’s Creative Lab in Sydney. Via a wifi link, visitors could bring to life pilgrims to the Buddhist shrine. A monk and nun, a perfumer and disciple told their stories, prompted by interaction with a visitor’s smartphone. 22

Learning and events the Scythians, Siberian-themed food and drink. A flash-mob opera, The Scythians, attracted Public events and education programmes draw 500 visitors. It was, said the Telegraph, ‘brilliantly audiences of all ages. Work with community clever and irresistibly funny’. groups creates new paths into the BM Popular history talks included Dan Snow interviewing curators ‘live from the BM’ for his History Hit podcast. A lecture by Professor A forum for culture Diarmaid MacCulloch marked 500 years since The BM events programme draws on the the Reformation. For Black History Month, cultural diversity of the collection. For the journalist Reni Eddo-Lodge discussed black Shubbak Festival of Arab Culture, talks, displays history and heritage in museums. With FT and activities included installations in the Great Weekend and the British Academy, the BM Court. The works were moving responses to the hosted a panel, chaired by BBC correspondent difficulty of making art in times of conflict. The Martin Bashir, to discuss whether religion can be Interfaith Music Festival, in association with separated from politics. A debate in collaboration Faiths in Tune, brought together 30 faith groups with the Royal Society invited neuroscientist in May 2017 to perform and respond to objects Professor Colin Blakemore and others to examine in the collection. The festival returned in 2018 as the science behind belief. Topical lectures part of musical events supporting the exhibition, organised with the London Review of Books Living with gods. included novelist Anne Enright on blame and The ageless enchantment of storytelling Professor Linda Colley on history’s relevance. attracted sell-out audiences to the monthly Myths Retold. Subjects included the Ramayana, Children and families Beowulf and the West African story of the King Activities for young people encourage enjoyment and the Corpse. With the Royal Shakespeare of the BM from an early age. Major exhibitions Company, the BM presented a sold-out panel featured special ‘family’ labels, collaborative discussion of Ovid in Shakespeare, with Greg art constructions in the Great Court and events Doran and readings by RSC actors. Friday Lates tailored to children under five, including tours incorporated film screenings, music and, to evoke focused on sight, touch and sound. Museum for all The BM works with its local community in many ways. A dance project with older adults from community centres in Camden led to a performance in the Great Court.

Art workshops were especially successful warriors of ancient Siberia, attended workshops to – making Japanese prints, or badges like those consider the period 900 to 200 BC and how that once adorned Scythian saddlery. As one museum visitors inform themselves about parent wrote, ‘It’s truly fantastic to sit in this history in exhibitions. The group then put their wonderful building watching my kids focus on learning into action: spending a day at the BM making such wonderful craft activities. They working as part of the Visitor Services team were totally engrossed!’ and talking to the public. Empowering young For the opening of the new Sir Joseph Hotung people also lay behind TakeOver day. Local Gallery of China and South Asia, a family students helped teach a schools session in the ‘housewarming’ was held in December 2017. Citi Money Gallery, and learned about museum Children listened to stories from China and communications and conservation. India, explored different colours of jade, and The Citi Money Gallery Education made paper flowers inspired by the outstanding Programme, supported by Citi, was a finalist objects on display. at the UK Sponsorship Awards 2017 for Education and Learning Sponsorship. The Award-winning schools programmes gallery’s innovative programming includes a At the School Travel Awards, host Fiona Bruce series of online videos to help teachers introduce awarded the BM ‘Best Museum Visit’ for 2017. to the classroom topics such as the economy or The awards, voted for by schoolteachers, honour credit and debit. learning that takes place outside the classroom. The BM welcomed over 320,000 pupils Community access through booked school visits. School events The BM develops activities with community included free morning visits to major exhibitions partners that address specific interests and reserved for teachers and pupils. Teachers could needs. For its ‘touch tour’ of ancient Egyptian download free resources from the BM website sculpture, the BM was awarded a Discover on topics such as Citizenship and Art & Design, Heritage Award in 2017. Visually impaired and along with suggestions for pupil activities. blind visitors can explore Egyptian sculptures Students from Swiss Cottage School in through touch, with interpretation available in Camden, after visiting the BP exhibition Scythians: large-print, Braille and audio formats. The tours 24

“What an incredible experience… Because the guides took time to describe each item in great detail, I felt like I could ‘see’ each statue.”

Visitor Shannon Stapp on the BM’s touch tour of ancient Egyptian sculpture

Digital approaches Children and young people increasingly explore the collection with hand-held technology, accessing information, interviews and tours.

can be self-guided or booked with a trained Digital volunteer guide. ‘Sketches under the Wave’ invited older Digital access and social media are creating adults from local community centres to work a truly global BM with a collection that can be with dancers and a koto-player. Over two months, enjoyed by anyone across the world they created a dance celebrating Hokusai, eventually performing the work in the Great Court in July 2017. Digital working Outreach visits to community venues are Digital media continue to open exciting new important for those unable to visit. A group channels for the BM. Anyone anywhere in the leader from Camden Carers Centre wrote of world can now access over 4 million objects an off-site object-handling session, ‘To see these from the BM collection online. Information objects up close was amazing. One gentleman about the artefacts and the world cultures they who doesn’t leave the house very often could represent has found popular new platforms: not believe he had the chance to look at them.’ images transmitted via Twitter and Instagram, Free community previews and evening and videos on Facebook and YouTube reach views welcomed several hundred groups to vast audiences never before so easily accessed. see the special exhibitions, from homeless It is new conversation in which the public and charities to refugee support groups: nearly museum staff engage one another, generate 5,000 people attended. debate and share ideas. The BM’s national programmes support diverse digital outcomes. National training videos are posted online. Websites such as the Portable Antiquities Scheme share the latest UK discoveries and research. From 2018, a major grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund will fund a new Skills for the Future programme to enable the BM to train colleagues at institutions in the UK in essential digital heritage skills. Internationally the BM supports wider Greece or the Shang dynasty during their digital access to culture. With partners in BM visit. Virtual visits are also available across India an exhibition website on India’s global the UK, via a two-way broadcast directly to connections in the past was designed. In China, the school. the BM is now present on several social media SDDC weekend events enable the BM to run platforms. International research has benefited one of the UK’s busiest museum programmes enormously, with major digital collaborations on for families throughout the year. Children and collections such as African rock art. The BM’s their parents and guardians can journey into ResearchSpace initiative, for which the Andrew the collection by making a Japanese manga W. Mellon Foundation renewed its support, is comic, building Roman Britain in Minecraft or working to provide a semantic web platform exploring the beauty of Islamic patterns. that links multiple online sources for researchers New directions in 2017/18 included the around the world. Innovation Lab, which trialled different approaches to the collection. Get your tech on! was Samsung Digital Discovery Centre a monthly weekend at which visitors wearing At the heart of the BM experience for young Samsung Gear S2 watches explored the galleries people is the Samsung Digital Discovery Centre by playing the family games Emoji Match, Puzzle (SDDC), sponsored by Samsung. Its wide-ranging Pieces and Keep Marching. programmes and audiences – from under-fives to Nearly 1,000 visitors participated in the teens – led to the BM winning the 2017 Leading Samsung Great Court Games. Families borrowed Cultural Destinations Award for Best Digital Galaxy tablets and mobiles to solve challenges Museum Experience. and follow trails that led them to unexpected Over 115,000 children, young people and corners of the BM. The November edition, which families have visited the Centre since it opened featured TV baker and builder Richard Burr and in 2009. Schools in particular have increasingly his family, was streamed on Instagram Live. used SDDC technology for their museum trips, with 14,000 visits booked in 2017/18. Using Samsung Galaxy tablets, students can, for example, study life in prehistoric Britain, ancient Rediscovering the Maya By scanning fieldwork notebooks and photographs, the BM has been able to re-create digitally ancient Maya monuments such as this stela (right), recorded by Alfred Maudslay in Guatemala in the 1880s.

Technology and the galleries Basking in a digital light The newly renovated Sir Joseph Hotung Taking the collection online has prompted Gallery of China and South Asia brought an innovative thinking about the wider appeal of important opportunity to integrate digital museum artefacts. On Sketchfab anyone can interpretation in the permanent space. New audio zoom in and study high-resolution 3D scans of guide stops and audio points have been added. 240 BM objects, from Japanese netsuke to an Visitors to the gallery can watch three new Ethiopian brass head. There have been nearly films: a reconstruction of the Amaravati Stupa, one million views of the online 3D images. a selection of clips about 20-century India and A prominent addition in 2017/18 was a scan the animation of a Chinese painting. The (made with the help of Factum Foundation) of animation highlights the layered technique used a 3,500-year-old Syrian refugee. The statue of by the artist to create immersive landscapes, and Idrimi, covered in script from head to foot, is invites the visitor to explore details not easily seen one of the world’s most important cuneiform with the naked eye. Shared on Facebook, the documents. It tells a compelling story of film attracted 2.3m views and 28,000 comments. his political exile from Aleppo and his later The Egyptian Sculpture Gallery, and military campaigns. the Roxie Walker Galleries of Funerary Scholarship is closely allied to the projects’ Archaeology can now be experienced in aims. Google Arts and Culture have been Virtual Reality. Anyone with a mobile or working with the BM to digitise Alfred computer, or for full immersion a Samsung VR Maudslay’s collection of architectural plaster headset, can launch the 360-degree interactive casts. Maudslay, an archaeological pioneer, experience, produced by the BM and Oculus. made them as he travelled through Mexico, Users can move through the rooms, examine Honduras and Guatemala in the 1880s and 90s. ancient sculptures and mummies, hear a These are the first, and often the only, records of curator and pull up information. ancient Maya monuments, some of which have deteriorated or no longer survive. Scanned along with Maudslay’s notebooks and photographs of the ancient sites, the casts can now be seen online by the public (g.co/BritishMuseumMaya). 27 London

The Great Wave online On social media, the BM has enormous reach worldwide. A video on Hokusai’s celebrated image, The Great Wave, received over 3.7m views.

Scholars are using the detailed reproductions study of TripAdvisor review data to better to decipher inscriptions and piece together understand the visitor experience. fragments. As the Guardian put it, the Maudslay On the ‘Curator’s Corner’ of the BM blog, records ‘represent some of the world’s best experts introduced a 17th-century night clock, preserved imagery of the Mayan monuments’. Islamic astrolabes and the Rosetta Stone. Comedian Iszi Lawrence interviewed historians Communicating online and conservators for the monthly Membership On social media, the BM has acquired 4.8m podcast. Articles about the exhibitions proved followers, a growth of 34% over the previous extremely popular, with posts introducing the year. The BM scores highest among its Scythians and the Lion-Man sculpture attracting global peer group for interactions on Twitter tens of thousands of readers. and Facebook: followers engaging with online For a growing Chinese audience, the BM is content by responding to, liking or sharing reworking its Mandarin website, sponsored by posts. Most popular on the BM’s social UnionPay. Accessible from the BM homepage, media in 2017/18 were images of Japanese the site will feature a new design, collection prints. A BM video on Hokusai’s The Great highlights and visitor information. The BM also Wave, posted in June 2017, received launched accounts on Chinese microblogging over 3.7m views. platform Weibo and social media app WeChat. Three broadcasts on Facebook Live drew in viewers from 89 countries. Curators responded in real time to questions on Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age objects. Other popular videos published on YouTube, Facebook and Instagram included two videos on contemporary Japanese porcelain, supported by JTI, and YouTuber Tom Scott playing the 4,500-year-old Royal Game of Ur with a BM curator. The BM is also collaborating with the Alan Turing Institute on a groundbreaking Rock art from Libya Shield from Australia These painted figures, Research collaborations possibly 8,000 to included a focused study 10,000 years old, were of this 18th-19th-century photographed in the Indigenous Australian Acacus mountains shield. (Length 97 cm) of Libya. Nearly 24,000 images from across Africa are documented on a website devoted to rock art. 29 London

Research Ancient Egyptian tattoos discovered From National Geographic to Newsweek, the Scholarship and scientific research shape the world’s interest was captured by the discovery collection’s future meanings for audiences of several tattoos on two 5,000-year-old Egyptian mummies. Using infrared photography, scientists learned that what looked like dark smudges on Australia and its collections the arm of a man from Gebelein in Upper Egypt Research on the BM’s world collection involves (40km south of modern-day Luxor) turned out collaboration around the globe. Working with to be horned animals, possibly a wild bull and the Australian National University, University Barbary sheep. These are the oldest figural of Western Australia and Deakin University, tattoos in the world. Study of a woman found at researchers at the BM are re-examining British Gebelein revealed the world’s earliest example collections from Australia, with support from of female tattooing, a series of S-shapes on her the Australian Research Council. Three PhD shoulder and a linear motif on her arm similar students enrolled at Royal Holloway University of to those on painted ceramics. The discoveries, London are also being co-supervised to research published in the Journal of Archaeological Science, Australian collections. push back the date for tattooing in Africa by In 2017, the BM hosted a knowledge exchange a millennium. event in relation to Western Australian collections in Britain. The BM also held a colloquium with Studying Africa’s rock art Indigenous Australian community members, The African Rock Art Image Project, supported curators and historians to examine what we know by Arcadia, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing about a shield possibly gathered by Captain Cook and Peter Baldwin, completed its fifth and final on his first voyage to Botany Bay in 1770. The year in 2017. The BM has documented nearly results were published in February 2018. Work 24,000 images from the Trust for African Rock is continuing to identify significant Indigenous Art (TARA) and made them available on a Australian collections in regional museums in dedicated website (africanrockart.britishmuseum. Britain and Ireland. org). Drawn from 20 African countries, the images are a powerful record of Africa’s history, Science and display A BM scientist studies a brass ewer of AD 1232, prior to its display in the forthcoming Albukhary Foundation Galleries of the Islamic World.

extending back to the hunter-gatherer ancestors terminals on two Iron Age torcs were made by of the San/Bushmen 30,000 years ago. casting or raised from sheet metal. BM experts The project has widened global access to this also determine the composition of potential important story. The website has been designed Treasure finds made in the UK. The work of the for ease of use in areas of low bandwidth, as is the Department of Scientific Research is supported case with many of the contributing regions, and by the Wellcome Trust. on mobile platforms. To engage both scholars The State Hermitage Museum and National and the public with the African context for Museum of Kazakhstan collaborated with these images, there are videos and VR tours, BM scientists to allow research on objects as well as 3D scans. Public awareness has been loaned to the BP exhibition Scythians: warriors raised through social media; teaching rock art at of ancient Siberia. They used X-ray fluorescence, universities in Oxford, London and elsewhere; X-radiography, and digital and scanning electron and community programming with Somali and microscopy to examine non-invasively a coiled other diaspora communities. armlet, horse breast-plaque and other artefacts of BM research in Africa is wide-ranging. Active gold, iron and glass. The techniques determine projects include fieldwork in Ghana, Nigeria, composition and record tool marks and surface Rwanda and Uganda. textures. The examinations revealed both casting and hand-working techniques from the first The science of objects millennium BC, including a casting technique Scientific analysis of artefacts is used to involving textile known only from the Far East determine their optimal conservation, prospective in this period. The similarity of the hand-worked conditions for display and historical origins. and decorative techniques to those of the Oxus Studies in 2017/18 found traces of vermilion, Treasure in the BM suggests contact between verdigris, and red lead used as colourants on a Persian and Scythian goldsmiths. recently acquired, 14th-century alabaster Virgin and Child; determined the photosensitivity Prize-winning publications of woodblock prints by Hokusai and a 19th- As a platform to present the latest research, BM century Tibetan textile prior to display; and books, published in association with Thames used x-radiography to judge whether the & Hudson, achieved great success in 2017/18. 31 London

BM publications Books on China and textiles from Central Asia and the Middle East were among those published by the BM in 2017/18.

Hokusai: Beyond the Great Wave reached No.1 in Biographies of the BM the Sunday Times Hardback Bestsellers chart. Excavations at the BM: An Archaeological and Social Nearly 20,000 copies sold in the UK alone, with History of Bloomsbury was published in the BM additional sales in the US, Italy and China. Research Publications series. The book explored Historian Bettany Hughes named the catalogue the site of the BM itself based on excavations for the BP exhibition Scythians: warriors of ancient made during the construction of the Great Court Siberia as one of her Books of the Year. Books in 1999 and World Conservation and Exhibitions that drew on the collection included Textiles of the Centre in 2007. Layers of urban development Middle East and Central Asia and works on Burmese revealed surprising finds: London’s Civil War wall paintings and colonial Bengal. The Art defences and a burial of dead cows. Newspaper judged China: A History in Objects ‘a tour- A Rothschild Renaissance provided a new look at de-force . . . The clear and confident narratives the Waddesdon Bequest of 1898, one of the BM’s accompanied by a wide range of compelling outstanding collections given by the Rothschild Chinese artefacts will delight beginners and family. Specialists re-examined key objects – the specialist alike.’ Lyte Jewel, the Holy Thorn Reliquary – and Published work received a number of honours. the shifting roles of private collectors and public For The Print Before Photography: An Introduction to museums. Research on the BM’s founding European Printmaking 1550–1820, former Keeper collection, that of Hans Sloane, is also underway, of Prints and Drawings Antony Griffiths was with support from the Leverhulme Trust. The awarded a British Academy Medal. Ming three-year collaboration with the British Library China: Courts and Contacts won the International and Natural History Museum is investigating Convention of Asia Scholars Book Prize. The BM Sloane’s manuscript catalogues to track the Research Publication A Celtic Feast, supported by intellectual legacy of the classifications he used the Robert Kiln Charitable Trust, is a study of and the notes on his vast collection of books, Iron Age cauldrons from Chiseldon in Wiltshire. specimens and antiquities. The book was shortlisted for the Current Archaeology Book of the Year 2018. The winner was Lost Landscapes of Palaeolithic Britain, to which the BM also contributed. was launched Museum, Yorkshire at where Overall the loaned BM than more 2,500 In the Outer Hebrides, an exhibition Vikings on the march touringA new exhibition, Viking: rediscover the legend drewit 70,000 visitors, an increase in attendance The partnership between the 51%. of and BM The British Museum Review 2017/18 Review Museum British The Loans UK inobjects venues 2017/18. to 126 African,of Aztec and Cycladic art travelled to Leeds and Hertfordshire the for exhibition Becoming Henry Moore. had Moore studied the sculptures the at and BM they influenced the his of evolution own artistic style. focused the on Stornoway-born collector Colin Mackenzie, became who the first Surveyor General All of India. Loans associated with Mackenzie included a 15th-century coin the of Sultan Bengal, of Nasir al-Din Mahmud I. To Museum, Folk Ryedale the loaned BM a silver which was discovered hidden spoon 1510, of in the thatched roof nearby of Harome Hall. stillThe man in it volunteers found 1971 who and Ryedale, at the loan marked his 50th year museumof volunteering. National loans create beneficialnetworks across the UK. Burrell The Collection in closed refurbishment, Glasgow, for sculptureloaned Rodin’s The Thinker for display theat and BM other UK venues.

.1700 c Derby and Blackburn. Blackburn. the Music of A BM tour of ivory stringed ivory stringed Ivory sarinda, courtly India in (Length 60 cm)(Length 60 paintings and this sarinda showcased A sculpture the of Hindu god, Ganesha, gallery Two Spotlight loans in 2017 marked Spotlight the 70th loans inTwo 2017 anniversary of India’s independence. Music courtlyof India was shown to 13,000 people in Derby and Blackburn. An album 17th-century of ragamala paintings depicted snake-charmers, yogis and musicians. Shown alongside the paintings was a sarinda, an intricately carved four-stringed musical instrument made of Localivory. community groups contributed performances song of and dance. travelled to museums Hill in Forest and Brent in London, and then to Manchester on and Luton. The tall figure, elephant-headed with snakes around his ankles and sweets of a bowl in his hand, has been than seen more by 620,000 people around the UK since began it touring. programmeThe BM’s UK of touring exhibitions is supported the by Dorset in Foundation memory of Harry M. Weinrebe. Loans and tours and Loans Lending the BM collection encourages audiences around the country to engage with world’s cultures through their local museum or Lending the collection nationally 32 al-Din Nasir Coin of Mahmud I, 1440–56 Thiscoin from Mysore in India is inscribed in Persian. It was loaned to Stornoway for an exhibition about the man who collected it, Colin Mackenzie. (Diameter cm) 1.8

National 33 National

Vikings in York Self-portrait, 1910 A joint exhibition with York Works by German artist Museums Trust attracted Käthe Kollwitz toured in 70,000 visitors in York. the UK. (23 x 17 cm)

York Museums Trust featured 200 objects from Warhol to Walker: American prints from pop art to the Yorkshire Museum and 400 from the BM. today toured to Galashiels, London, Worcester and Also on show was the jointly owned Vale of Southport. Linked to the BM’s London exhibition York Hoard of silver coins buried in AD 927–8 of American prints – The American Dream: pop and discovered near Harrogate in 2007. Recent to the present, sponsored by Morgan Stanley and research and archaeological discoveries reported supported by the Terra Foundation for American through the Portable Antiquities Scheme drew a Art – works by Jasper Johns, Kara Walker, Chuck fresh perspective on how Vikings shaped every Close and others illustrated how US printmaking aspect of life in Britain. Yorkshire residents developed from the 1960s to the present day. supplied modern representations of Vikings – Each venue reconfigured the exhibition for local from Lego to T-shirts – to show their continuing audiences. At the Hackney Museum, a parallel influence in popular culture. After appearing in display looked at the community art movement York, the exhibition toured to Nottingham and in the borough from the 1970s to the 1990s. Southport. It will travel to Norwich in 2018/19. In Worcester and Southport, the prints were displayed alongside works from the Worcester UK exhibition tours City and the Atkinson collections. Collaborations included a partnership with the Other BM exhibitions toured Japanese Ikon Gallery in Birmingham. Portrait of the artist: carved netsuke (Durham, Middlesbrough and Käthe Kollwitz featured 36 works from the BM Bath); ancient Egyptian writing (Hartlepool); collection. The exhibition explored the work of and linocuts by Pablo Picasso (Barnsley and the German artist through her self-portraits and Coventry). Lines of thought: drawing from Michelangelo depictions of working women. After opening in to now, supported by the Bridget Riley Art Birmingham, it toured to Salisbury and Swansea. Foundation, concluded its three-city UK tour in For an exhibition on Birmingham-born artist Belfast. The three venues encouraged art students Thomas Bock, who was transported to Australia, to attend drawing workshops. At Poole, where the BM loaned the Ikon Gallery 19 of Bock’s 1,500 students participated, 94% reported that drawings of Tasmanian Aboriginal people. The the exhibition-related workshops had inspired loans will travel to the Tasmanian Museum and them to draw. Art Gallery in Hobart, Australia in 2018. 34 The British Museum Review 2017/18

Imagining the divine At the Ashmolean Museum, an exhibition based on a BM research project featured BM loans such as this 4th-century Romano- British mosaic depicting Christ (detail).

Partnership galleries The BM supports the development of galleries across the UK. This silver Anglo-Saxon brooch is on long-term loan to Buxton Museum and Art Gallery. (Diameter 8 cm)

Exhibitions on current research Supporting Britain’s galleries At the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, the The BM supports the development of galleries exhibition Imagining the divine evolved out of across the UK. Wonders of the Peak, a new a five-year joint research project, Empires of gallery at Buxton Museum and Art Gallery, Faith. Supported by the Leverhulme Trust, opened in September 2017, with 24 long-term the partnership between the BM and Oxford loans from the BM. The museum will also show a University invited scholars from both institutes, BM touring exhibition (developed in partnership including a team of doctoral and post-doctoral with Salisbury Museum) on the many hoards researchers, to examine religious traditions not discovered in Britain. principally through texts, but through the new Gallery partnerships underway include a new imagery that arose across Asia and Europe medieval gallery at Norwich Castle, and a gallery during the period AD 200–800. in the new Faith Museum at Auckland Castle Major BM loans for the exhibition included in County Durham, which will feature over 80 a 2nd-century marble head of Jupiter Serapis, objects from the BM collection. At Manchester found in Rome; a colossal hand of the Hindu Museum, where the Money Gallery contains god Vishnu holding a conch; and the Hinton St over 230 objects on long-term loan from the BM, Mary Mosaic, discovered in a Roman villa in staff are now collaborating on a new South Asia Dorset and one of the oldest surviving depictions Gallery, drawing on research and expertise from of Christ. both institutions. The legacy of such galleries includes future work together. Faith in Birmingham was a BM partnership gallery at Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery that opened in 2016. Birmingham Museums worked with the BM again in 2017/18 on a programme of talks and community forums across the city that drew on the BM exhibition Living with gods and the associated BBC Radio 4 series. 35 National

The Learning Museum Getting Loan Ready BM Director Hartwig Fischer presents a diploma to Responding to requests from its national partners, a graduate of the national HLF Skills for the Future the BM has run a course on planning and delivering programme, the Learning Museum. museum loans for colleagues around the country.

Training and partnerships BM touring exhibition of Japanese netsuke and men’s dress was held at the first venue in Durham. The future of museums across the country Participants from all three tour venues, as well as depends on a diverse and dedicated staff, with neighbouring museums, learned how to handle access to training and shared expertise and care for swords and other bladed weapons.

The next generation Collection skills nationwide The Learning Museum, a three-year scheme The Collection Skills Training Programme, supported by the HLF, drew to a close in 2017. supported by the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF), Investing in the skills of future museum staff as addresses specific collection needs across the UK. well as aiming to increase diversity in the sector, For museums in the South West of England, the the programme offered year-long vocational BM ran its successful six-part course ‘Getting placements at 20 UK partner museums, from Loan Ready’ in 2017. Topics included knowing Edinburgh to Ipswich. Trainees from a range what to borrow, how to request a loan, budgeting, of backgrounds developed practical skills in the insurance, security and contracts. The host care and management of collections, as well as venues for the training were the Royal Albert in promoting wider museum access. Training Memorial Museum in Exeter, Bristol Museum days included sessions at the Time and Tide and Art Gallery, and Poole Museum. In 2018, Museum in Norfolk and Down County Museum the course was repeated at the BM itself for a in Northern Ireland. BM Director Hartwig new group of trainees. Fischer awarded graduates their QCF diplomas In the specialist studios of the BM’s World in Cultural Heritage in September 2017. Conservation and Exhibitions Centre, training Also under its Skills for the Future sessions included a case study on emergency programme, the HLF announced a major grant decants of objects, an essential procedure if to the BM for a new national training scheme. buildings suffer water or other damage and Museum Futures will equip a new generation of one for which many museums are unprepared. museum professionals from diverse backgrounds London-based workshops are balanced with with skills in digital data management. sessions held regionally. Training linked to a 36

Community curation Object Journeys invited local communities to work with UK museum collections, including that of the BM. In London, members of the Kiribati community chose this dance costume for a display in the Wellcome Trust Gallery. To mark the occasion, dancers performed in the Great Court.

Staff exchange Community involvement The Knowledge Share programme, supported Object Journeys is a cultural programme by the Vivmar Foundation, fosters UK-wide supported by the HLF. Four UK museums expertise. Advice on specific collection types worked with local communities to rethink aspects has proved popular. In London, museum staff of their collections. The BM worked initially with from around Britain met to discuss the care and local Somali residents, and then with members of curation of artefacts from ancient Cyprus. A the Kiribati community. A display of materials study day inspired by a BM tour of drawings, from the Pacific island – a coconut fishing supported by the Bridget Riley Art Foundation, float, a pandanus leaf mat – was presented in looked at how to engage art students using the Wellcome Trust Gallery. Events included a collections of drawings. Kiribati dance in the Great Court. A dance video The Knowledge Exchange programme also features in the display. supports professional exchanges between the BM Similar events took place around England. and organisations across the country. Staff visit Manchester Museum worked with a South Asian each other’s institution to compare ideas and women’s group to explore Pakistani textiles and good practices. In 2017/18, 15 individuals took jewellery in their collection and that of the BM. part in exchanges between the Black Country Community artists from Leicester drew on the Living Museum, Dudley; British Museum; Leeds collections of Leicester Museums and the BM Museums and Galleries; National Museums for a display on global artists at the New Walk Northern Ireland; National Trust; Roman Baths, Museum and Art Gallery. Brighton Museum and Bath; Salford Museum and Art Gallery; and Gallery worked with two community curators Salisbury Museum. to examine the lack of post-1960s African textiles in museum collections. They created two new displays which include some of Brighton Museum’s new African fashion acquisitions, alongside 15 objects loaned by the BM. 37 National

Putting money aside The national Money and Medals Network was celebrated in an exhibition at the BM that included this coin cabinet containing silver shillings of Henry VIII. (Height 40 cm)

Knowledge networks Activities arranged through the Age Friendly Sharing knowledge motivates the BM’s annual Museums Network, funded by the Baring conference for its national partners. Supported Foundation, included a BM forum that looked by the Vivmar Foundation, the free talks and at the late-life productivity of the Japanese workshops in August 2017 encouraged UK artist Hokusai. Chaired by Joan Bakewell, museums of every size, as well as non-museum the panel of neuroscientists, art critics and spaces with collections, to lend to each other. historians debated life-long creative endeavour Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums, and and the neuroplasticity of the older brain. In Museums Sheffield gave keynote presentations for October 2017, the Age Friendly Museums Day 180 delegates and speakers, with wider comments promoted events for older visitors in museums feeding in via the hashtag #proactivelending. and galleries across the UK. Plans for 2018 The Money and Medals Network, funded by include setting up four regional hubs to promote Arts Council England, offered training for UK age‑friendly practice. staff, including two study days on identifying medieval coins, one held at the BM, the other at the University of Warwick. Further events were held in Belfast, Inverness, Edinburgh, Newcastle- upon-Tyne, York and Leeds. A BM exhibition on the Money and Medals Network, sponsored by Spink, featured loans from Armagh, Inverness, Knowsley, Brecon and London. 38 The British Museum Review 2017/18

The nation’s Treasure The Telegraph ran a competition with the BM to choose the nation’s favourite Treasure find of the past 20 years.

UK archaeology Museum. At National Museum Cardiff ‘Telling Tales’ was a conference organised under the PASt New discoveries and archaeological fieldwork Explorers programme funded by the HLF. It continue to reshape what we know of featured volunteers and experts discussing how Britain’s past stories re-create the past and how PAS data is being used to unlock our shared history. In 2017 PASt Explorers recruited their 500th volunteer. Recording UK finds The Headley Trust agreed a further two years’ The Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS), support to provide opportunities for people administered by the BM in England, records interested in a career in archaeological finds to archaeological finds in England and Wales, intern with the PAS. PAS is also supported by a many of which are made by members of the grant from Graham and Joanna Barker. public. Information about the latest finds is made available online (finds.org.uk) for Twenty years of Treasure everyone around Britain to share. 2017 was the 20th anniversary of the In 2017, over 80,000 finds were recorded. implementation of the Treasure Act. Important They included a Roman timepiece inscribed archaeological finds must under law be reported AVGVST, the fourth such example of a time- to the local coroner. reckoning device from this period; a memorial This legal requirement has ensured a much penny for the murdered East Anglian king St greater transparency about what happens to Edmund; and a medieval gold figurine, possibly valuable finds. The Treasure Act has benefited of Henry VI. Evidence of Britain’s international not just our knowledge of the past, but also many trade was seen in a 14th-century gold coin from museums around the country, which have been Genoa, discovered in the West Midlands, and a able to acquire important artefacts. It is estimated Mexican two-real piece minted with the names of that since 1997, 215 museums have acquired the Spanish king, Carlos I and his wife Johanna, nearly 4,000 Treasure finds across England, found in Wiltshire. Wales and Northern Ireland. A rare recent find PAS activities around the country included a included 913 gold sovereigns and half-sovereigns national conference on Treasure held at Yorkshire minted between 1847 and 1915. They were found 39 National

“It’s quite hypnotic. UK fieldwork Archaeologists study a You feel that it has Lower Palaeolithic site in Barnham, Suffolk. meaning, that it has stories, that it is not just a static object.”

Poet Michael Rosen is shown a 2,000-year-old bronze Celtic mirror

in Shropshire, hidden beneath the keyboard and Reading has invited writers such as Michael of a piano donated to a local school. In 2017, a Rosen to widen public engagement with Britain’s record 1,268 Treasure finds were reported. heritage. An examination of the landscapes To mark the anniversary, the Telegraph ran of the Breckland, East Anglia, is tracing the a competition to select the nation’s favourite development of human technology from 600,000 Treasure find. Nearly 10,000 people voted. to 250,000 years ago. Ice Age Island is a joint Contenders included the 2,000-year-old Nesscliffe research project with Southampton University, spoons, found in Shropshire; the Staffordshire Jersey Heritage and University College London. hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold and silver; the gold The work is exploring how humans on Jersey Ringlemere Cup, discovered in Kent; and the adapted to submerged landscapes. eventual winner, the Frome Hoard, a Roman Scientists at the BM undertook new pot containing an astonishing 52,000 coins, x-radiography of two of the BM’s most important discovered in Somerset in 2010. Around the items of Celtic art – the Great Torc found country, from Belfast to Cornwall, 100 museums near Snettisham, Norfolk, and the Sedgeford displayed their own Treasure finds as part of Torc, also from Norfolk. The work revealed the celebrations. new insights into how the torc terminals were constructed. Other UK research projects at the Fieldwork and research BM include an AHRC-funded Collaborative A three-week excavation at a 400,000-year-old Doctoral Award to study Iron Age swords in site at Barnham, Suffolk, investigated the use of Britain. The doctoral research will be supervised fire among early human groups. The fieldwork by the BM and University of Manchester. was run as a student training excavation in collaboration with the Natural History Museum, Queen Mary University of London and Leiden University, with support from the Leverhulme Trust. Other research includes an ongoing study of the role of grave goods in Britain. The collaboration with colleagues in Manchester 40 The British Museum Review 2017/18

BM across the UK

The BM works with partners around the UK to ensure loans, partnership galleries, knowledge exchange, public archaeology and training are an effective national resource. Partnerships in 2017/18 took place across the country

Aberystwyth, Andover, Ashbourne, Bangor, Barnsley, Barnstaple, Bath, Belfast, Birmingham, Bishop Auckland, Bishop’s Stortford, Blackburn, Bolton, Bradford, Brighton, Bristol, Bury St Edmunds, Buxton, Calderdale, Cambridge, Cardiff, Carlisle, Cheltenham, Chepstow, Cirencester, Colchester, Compton Verney, Coventry, Daventry, Derby, Derry, Devizes, Doncaster, Dorchester, Dover, Driffield, Dudley, Dulverton, Durham, Eastbourne, Edinburgh, Exeter, Galashiels, Glasgow, Gloucester, Gressenhall, Guildford, Halton, Hartlepool, Hereford, Hexham, Horsham, Hull, Hutton-le-Hole, Ipswich, Kettering, King’s Lynn, Kirklees, Leeds, Leicester, Lewes, Lincoln, Littlehampton, Liverpool, Llandeilo, Llanfairpwll, London, Ludlow, Luton, Maidstone, Manchester, Maryport, Middlesborough, Milton Keynes, Newark, Newbury, Newcastle, Newmarket, Newport, Newton Abbot, Northampton, Norwich, Nottingham, Oakham, Oldham, Oxford, Perry Green, Peterborough, Petworth, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Preston, Reading, Richmond, Romford, Rotherham, Salford, Salisbury, Scunthorpe, Sheffield, Shrewsbury, Southampton, Southport, St Albans, Standlake, Stoke-on- Trent, Stornoway, Stroud, Swaffham, Swansea, Swindon, Taunton, Thetford, Torbay, Towcester, Trowbridge, Truro, Ulster, Wakefield, Wallsend, Warwick, Wellingborough, Welshpool, Weston-super-Mare, Whitby, Winchester, Worcester, Worksop, Wrexham, York Favourite Treasure find Nearly 10,000 people voted in the Telegraph competition to choose the nation’s favourite Treasure discovery of the past 20 years. The winner was the Frome Hoard of more than 52,000 Roman coins discovered in Somerset in 2010. International 42 The British Museum Review 2017/18

Mummies in Hong Kong The BM touring exhibition Egyptian mummies drew record crowds in Australia and China. In Hong Kong, over 850,000 people visited. India and the world In Mumbai, an exhibition jointly organised with the BM told the history of India in a global context.

Loans and tours Professional partnerships forged during the 2016 exhibition Sicily: culture and conquest, sponsored by Loans and touring exhibitions from the Julius Baer, gave rise to two new exhibitions on BM ensure audiences worldwide can see the island, one at the Villa Aurea in Agrigento, outstanding artefacts of human history the other at the Museo Archeologico Antonino Salinas in Palermo. The BM loaned Greek vases, sculptures and drawings of classical monuments Lending internationally that showed how past travellers recorded the The BM loaned more than 2,200 objects to archaeology of Sicily. Such exchanges benefit the 81 venues outside the UK in 2017/18. In UK public in turn. Among temporary displays Hobart, Australia, On the Origin of Art included at the BM visitors can see an extremely rare an Aztec mask from the BM as a starting point Egyptian queen’s silver diadem of 1650–1550 BC, to explore the human need to make art. Rare thanks to a three-year loan from the collection of pre-Columbian codices, illustrating the lives of Sheikh Hassan al-Sabah of Kuwait. the people of Tepetlaoztoc in Mexico, travelled to Los Angeles and New York for an exhibition on India and the world the Americas. ‘Prepared to be awed by our ancestors’ To tell the history of the Portuguese announced India’s National Herald. To mark 70 Empire, the BM loaned the Moscow Kremlin years of India’s independence, an exhibition in Museums ivory spoons carved in Sierra Leone Mumbai and Delhi brought together the BM in 1490–1530 and a 16th-century brass figure collection with those of Chhatrapati Shivaji of a Portuguese soldier cast in Benin. Glass and Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (CSMVS) and the pottery from the ancient city of Nineveh were National Museum. With additional loans from loaned to Leiden, and a Japanese hanging across India, the 230 objects in India and the world scroll of 1801–4 by Kitagawa Utamaro surveyed one million years of India’s history. displayed in Washington. The collaboration was supported by the Getty At the Hamburger Kunsthalle The Light of the Foundation and Tata Trusts, with additional Campagna exhibited 90 pen and brush drawings support from the Newton Bhabha Fund and the by Claude Lorrain from the BM collection. Ministry of Culture, Government of India. 43 International

Key moments for Indian trade and travel, travelled to the National Museum of China in states and faiths, courtly cultures and social Beijing and the Shanghai Museum. More than change were shown in the context of parallel 720,000 people visited. So popular was the developments in world history. Textiles, paintings, exhibition in Shanghai that the museum had to sculptures and coins illuminated different times, set up a special entrance for the show. The global places and events in India’s past. Banknotes and tour of this history of the world told through posters of the 20th century celebrated India as objects from the BM collection has been seen so an independent democracy. Major artefacts from far by 1.8 million visitors worldwide. other cultures set India in a global perspective: the Greco-Roman Discobolus (‘Discus-thrower’); Mummies draw crowds in Hong Kong a ceramic model of a Chinese Han watchtower; a Record-breaking audiences came to see Egyptian wooden sculpture of the Hawaiian god of war. mummies: exploring ancient lives as it toured to The three museums worked closely to develop Australia and China. At the Powerhouse Museum ideas, research, curation and programming. in Sydney, the exhibition attracted over 100,000 Wider elements included a catalogue published by visitors and won the Australian Interior Design Penguin Books; a special exhibition website, with Award for installation design. The fascinating 3D models and videos; a lively programme of digital displays used CT scans to explain the lectures, films, dance and music; and activities for lives of six mummies who lived in Egypt 3,000 teachers, families and local groups. Over 200,000 to 1,800 years ago. Technology revealed the age visited the exhibition at CSMVS in Mumbai, and health of the men and women, and showed before it journeyed to the National Museum in objects hidden beneath the mummies’ wrappings. Delhi in May 2018. Shown at the Hong Kong Science Museum to mark the 20th anniversary of the territory’s Sharing the world’s history transfer of sovereignty, the exhibition achieved The legacy of the 2010 BM/BBC Radio 4 the museum’s largest visitor number ever: over collaboration, A history of the world in 100 objects, 850,000 people over four months. Egyptian continues to grow. Visitors around the globe can mummies then travelled to the National Palace now experience a BM touring exhibition based on Museum, Taipei. the popular radio series. In 2017, the exhibition Emergency Heritage Management A team in Iraq use drone photography to map archaeological remains.

Understanding Europe Training and partnerships A partnership with CaixaForum has enabled the BM to tour a number of exhibitions around Working with partners in the UK and abroad, Spain. The Pillars of Europe was shown in the BM offers training and support for heritage Barcelona and Zaragoza. Outstanding art and preservation around the world artefacts associated with the history of church and state across medieval Europe were seen by 184,000 visitors. An exhibition on the ancient Emergency Heritage Management in Iraq Greeks showed them as athletes, warriors and The Iraq Emergency Heritage Management heroes. Over 90,000 people came to see the Training Scheme continues to be a central Greek vases, sculpture, armour and sporting aspect of the BM’s work. Working closely with paraphernalia in CaixaForum Madrid. They Iraq’s State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, were later exhibited in Barcelona and Seville. the Iraq Scheme delivers state-of-the-art training In the USA, three exhibitions shared different in all aspects of archaeological fieldwork – from aspects of the BM collection. In Nashville, Rome: geophysical surveying and documentation to city and empire presented outstanding sculptures complex excavation methodology. and other works from ancient Rome and the vast The fieldwork component of the course in reaches of the Roman Empire, from Britain to northern and southern Iraq allows participants Morocco. Modern British prints were shown in to put into practice what they have learned San Diego, while in New Mexico and Rhode during their two-month stay in the UK. It is also Island, Lines of thought – an extension of a UK yielding results of outstanding importance. At touring exhibition supported by the Bridget Riley Tello – the ancient city of Girsu – archaeologists Art Foundation – presented rare drawings, from have excavated a 4,000-year-old sacred complex Michelangelo to the present day. devoted to Ningirsu, the Sumerian storm god. The team revealed the south gate, flanked by two towers, and a foundation box containing a white stone ritual tablet. The other field project is in the Darband-i Rania, a mountain pass in Kurdistan believed 45 International

BM training Fellows from Iran and Armenia take part in a training session at the BM, as part of the annual International Training Programme.

to be the route through which Darius III fled took place in May 2017. Returning ITP fellows after his defeat at the hands of Alexander the attended sessions on concept development, Great in 331 BC. At Qalatga Darband, analysis interpretation, marketing, press, fundraising of historic satellite imagery helped to identify the and project management. A second ITP+ site of a strategic settlement guarding the western course in December focused on how to use approaches to the pass, while the aerial survey photography and documentation systems to by remotely-operated drone detected crop marks better manage collections. indicating the layout of ancient architecture. Excavations have begun to uncover the remains Coin collaborations of the ancient city, including evidence for oil A detailed catalogue of south Italian coins production and a monumental stone building in the BM, to be published in 2018, is a roofed with terracotta tiles and containing the collaboration with experts from the University smashed remains of Hellenistic statuary. of Milan. Research on the Leipzig Hoard in the collection will contribute to a numismatic International Training Programme study by colleagues in Germany. Scholars from In summer 2017, the BM and ten UK the BM, Austria and Iran are leading a survey partner museums welcomed 25 fellows from of coinage from the reign of the Parthian king 18 countries for the BM’s annual International Mithradates II (c.122–91 BC). For her extensive Training Programme (ITP), with support from work on Sasanian art, archaeology and coinage, private individuals and foundations. Colleagues curator Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis was awarded the from Armenia to Zimbabwe undertook practical Fifth Professor Negahban Award at the National training and research in their specialist fields. Museum of Iran in 2017. Working groups, behind-the-scenes tours and study visits were all tailored to give as wide as BM helps return stolen Uzbek tile possible an overview of museums and cultural In 2014, thieves chipped away a large 13th- heritage in the UK. century tile from an Islamic monument in The programme has expanded to include Uzbekistan. They left a gaping hole on the new elements. The inaugural ITP+ course, on facade of the Chasma-i Ayub in Vobkent, 20km temporary exhibitions and permanent displays, from Bukhara, a UNESCO world heritage site 46 The British Museum Review Discoveries2017/18 in Iraq Archaeological training for colleagues in Iraq has turned up remarkable finds, including this 4,000-year-old bridge at Tello in the south, which is being restored. 47 International

on the ancient Silk Route. Two years later, the Collaborative research glazed tile inscription came up for sale with a International projects are central to the BM’s London dealer, Simon Ray who, with experts intellectual vitality. A collaboration with the from the BM and Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, Institute of Human Palaeology in Paris and identified the tile and arranged for its return the University of Tarragona is investigating in July 2017. As the Guardian reported, Abdulla the occupation of western Europe 700,000 to Aripov, prime minister of Uzbekistan, expressed 300,000 years ago, funded by the Marie Curie his ‘sincere gratitude’ and the Uzbek government Research Grants Scheme. Visits to the BM by is now making plans to restore the monument. overseas scholars included a study of Chinese paintings made during the Sino-Japanese war Museums and heritage (1894–5). The ‘Connecting Art Histories’ The BM promotes cultural work around the project, sponsored by the Getty Foundation, world. For the Basrah Museum project, supported drew participants from Beijing, Chengdu, by the UK government’s Cultural Protection Heidelberg and elsewhere. Fund, a six-day training session was offered to staff from the museum and the State Board of Antiquities and Heritage in Iraq. Following ten years of fieldwork in northern Sudan at Amara West – a pharaonic town founded around 1300 BC – outreach included work with children and local communities to engage them with the important historical sites in their midst. Interviews revealed that most took pride in their Nubian heritage but previously felt alienated from the work of visiting archaeological teams. Accessible information in English and Arabic, as well as a podcast in Nubian are encouraging wider involvement. 48 The British Museum Review 2017/18

Hadrian’s villa BM excavations at the Pantanello, part of the country residence of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, have turned up important new evidence for the history and extent of this famous villa.

Fieldwork in Sudan This 1st-century AD temple at Dangeil is dedicated to the god Amun. Recent excavations in the area discovered an intact archer’s tomb of the 4th-5th century AD in a cemetery associated with the temple.

World archaeology Ancient sites, living peoples Learning from the Past is helping to preserve The BM undertakes archaeological research Nubian agricultural heritage. The innovative around the world, in partnership with universities project, supported by the AHRC, builds on and cultural institutes BM fieldwork in the region around Amara West in northern Sudan. The aim is to bring together what archaeologists know of the past Excavations at Hadrian’s Villa with present-day practices. Research includes Recent BM excavations in the Pantanello area of gathering oral histories to document how crops, Hadrian’s villa at Tivoli revealed the foundations cuisine and associated material culture have of substantial Roman structures and related changed over the last century. artefacts. They include the edge of a large The Asyut region of Middle Egypt has played basin cut deeply into the local volcanic rock, its a significant role in the cultural memory of Egypt vaulted exit drain and vestiges of a building with since 2500 BC. With support from the Newton- frescoed walls and mosaic floors. A colloquium Musharafa Fund, the BM is collaborating with at the BM welcomed colleagues from Italy and colleagues from Cambridge, Berlin and Cairo elsewhere to discuss current research at the villa to examine the relationship between this long and plans for future excavation. The workshop history and the present-day communities. The was followed by a study season in Italy in summer team is looking to establish sustainable solutions 2017 which integrated the findings of all the for heritage preservation in the area. A short film researchers working across the site. The project is was produced, exploring how inhabitants of the funded by Christian Levett and the Ida Carrara village today relate to ancient remains. Bequest. Publication of the recent BM work is scheduled for 2018. Archer’s tomb discovered in Sudan From October to December 2017, archaeologists conducted fieldwork at Dangeil, in conjunction with Sudan’s National Corporation for Antiquities and Museums. The work focused on the processional way and monumental entrance 49 International

to a 1st-century AD temple dedicated to the god The project aims to bring to life the history of Amun, as well as a recently discovered smaller the region, its blend of Egyptian, Greek and other temple. The excavations unearthed a flag-pole peoples, and its changing settlement patterns emplacement and, in the associated cemetery, and trade networks. an intact tomb of the 4th–5th century AD. The tomb contained the remains of an archer, wearing Contact and change in the Americas an archer’s ring and accompanied by numerous Work in the Americas includes an vessels and arrows. Conservation of artefacts interdisciplinary study of Inupiat histories in from Dangeil included two bronze vessels, which northwest Alaska. Archaeological approaches are were then returned to the National Museum of used to explore the emergence of Inupiat culture Sudan in Khartoum. 1,000 years ago, while ethnographic methods document how Inupiat today use old tools and Egyptians, Greeks and Romans in the Nile Delta artefacts to understand and narrate their past. With support from the Shelby White and Leon Partners include several American universities Levy Programme for Archaeological Publications and the Panthéon-Sorbonne University of Paris. at Harvard University, BM researchers are In the Caribbean, the BM El Corazon del revisiting former fieldwork in the cultural Caribe Research Project conducted a successful crossroads of the Nile Delta. From 1977 to 1983 field school season on Isla de Mona in June an American team of archaeologists surveyed and July 2017. Students from Puerto Rico and and partly excavated more than 30 sites in the the UK conducted a detailed excavation of a Western Nile Delta, including fortress towns, pre-Columbian indigenous village, where there port cities and industrial installations from the is material evidence of contact with the first Pharaonic to the Islamic period. Europeans to arrive in the Americas. In June The international team from the UK, USA 2017, a National Geographic Explorer Award and Greece are uniting this mostly unpublished was presented in Washington DC to curator fieldwork with the vast survey of related finds and Jago Cooper for his work in the region. records from across the world from the nearby site of Naukratis, Egypt’s international trading port and a focus of recent BM research. 50 The British Museum Review 2017/18

BM across the world The BM works with partners around the world. Loans, research, archaeology and training build strong ties with other countries and institutions. This map features a selection of the BM’s international activities in 2017/18

USA Denmark Greece Egypt International exhibitions Students from Denmark The first-ever BM loans To record the life of modern draw on the BM collection were among those from to the Acropolis Museum Egypt, the BM is collecting to tell unique stories of world France, USA and the UK in Athens included this contemporary artefacts, history. A show at Princeton, working with the BM terracotta of c.100 BC from such as this clay figurine NJ and Toledo, Ohio on to excavate a site of the Myrina in Turkey. The BM of popular singer Abdel ‘The Berlin Painter’ featured Magdalenian culture on also loaned objects to the Halim Hafez. Research this Greek amphora, c.490 Les Varines, Jersey. Loans Museum of Cycladic Art in Egypt includes work BC, alongside loans from the to Copenhagen included for an exhibition on coins with colleagues in Cairo, Louvre, Vatican Museums this 1523 woodcut by Lucas in ancient Greece. Cambridge and Berlin to and Getty Museum. Cranach the Elder of King (Height 21 cm) study the Asyut region. (Height 50 cm) Christian II (detail). (Height 17 cm) 51 International

Sudan Uganda Iraq Uzbekistan Following ten years of With the Trust for African As part of its Iraq In 2014 this Islamic tile was archaeological research at Rock Art, the BM has Emergency Heritage stolen from a 12th-century the town of Amara West, recorded a vast database Management Training monument in Uzbekistan. the BM is focusing on of 24,000 images of rock Scheme, the BM is With the help of the BM, community outreach. This art across Africa such as excavating the remains of Simon Ray Gallery and booklet was co-authored this painting from Nyero in an ancient city in the Ashmolean Museum, it was with local schools in English eastern Uganda. Fieldwork mountain pass of Darband-i identified and returned to and Arabic, to be used as a in Africa includes projects Rania. The Assyrian the country in 2017. teaching resource on in Ghana, Nigeria and fortification wall is from (Height 53 cm) Nubian heritage. Rwanda. the 8th–7th century BC.

India China Japan Australia This brass astrolabe, inlaid BM touring exhibitions in Over 400,000 visitors This mask of the with silver and copper, was China drew vast audiences. saw the BM’s critically Mesoamerican deity Xipe made in Cairo in 1236. It Over 720,000 people could acclaimed exhibition on the Totec is one of the most was one of 124 BM loans view this Lewis chesspiece artist Katsushika Hokusai renowned Aztec artefacts featured in the exhibition in A history of the world in in London and Osaka. in the world. Shown at the India and the world, a ground- 100 objects in Beijing and Colour woodblock prints Museum of Old and New breaking collaboration with Shanghai. At the Hong included this depiction of the Art in Hobart, it was one of CSMVS, Mumbai and the Kong Science Museum, Japanese court poet Toru nearly 4,800 loans the BM National Museum, Delhi. 850,000 people came to Daijin and his retainers made in 2017/18. (Diameter 33 cm) see Egyptian mummies. (detail). (Height 21 cm) (Height 10 cm) Sassoon ivories Sassoon Donations to the BM included Sir Victor outstanding Sassoon’s collection of 550 Chinese ivories. They included this Ming dynasty figure of Guanyin as ‘sender of sons’. (Height 34 cm)

Support for the BM 53 Support for the BM

Research at Ringlemere Support for research at the BM will enable the publication of in-depth analysis of finds from Ringlemere, Kent, where this 3,500-year-old gold cup was discovered in 2001. (Height 11 cm)

As a charity, the BM receives generous support which was featured in the exhibition Living with from its partners and benefactors gods, supported by the Genesis Foundation, with grateful thanks to John Studzinski CBE. Companies, individuals, trusts, foundations To enhance the stories the BM can tell, JTI and statutory bodies supported a wide range has supported the JTI Japanese Acquisition Fund of exhibitions, research projects and training since 2010. The Fund has enabled the Museum to programmes at the BM in 2017/18. A selection acquire almost 600 modern Japanese objects. The of these gifts, sponsorships and grants is reported Art Fund supported the purchase of photographs in this Review. Among the year’s highlights was by nine contemporary artists from Syria, Iraq, the new Sir Joseph Hotung Gallery of China and Iran, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Morocco, and South Asia which HM The Queen opened in Tunisia. The family of musician Ravi Shankar November 2017. The BM is grateful to the donated one of his sitars to the collection. Peter Sir Joseph Hotung Charitable Trust for making Gosnell gave a collection of 37 clocks made by the new gallery possible. the British United Clock Company between Care for the collection is at the heart of 1886 and 1909. the BM’s work. The Korea Foundation and The BM acquired an early drawing by the Amorepacific Corporation confirmed major Austrian artist Joseph Anton Koch (1768–1839). support for the five-year Amorepacific Project The panoramic view of the Schmadribach Falls for the Conservation of Korean Pictorial Art. in Switzerland was acquired with the support of Conservation of the Assyrian Winged Bull the Art Fund, the American Friends of the British and Lion reliefs will begin in 2018 with the Museum, Charles Booth-Clibborn, Tavolozza support of the John S Cohen Foundation and Foundation – Katrin Bellinger, Wakefield Trust an anonymous donor. The conservation of and Ottley Group. Acquisitions of contemporary Michelangelo’s ‘Epifania’ cartoon is made art included a 1971 satirical drawing of Richard possible in memory of Melvin R Seiden. The Nixon, Spiro Agnew and Henry Kissinger by Radcliffe Trust and Normanby Charitable Trust Philip Guston, presented by Hamish Parker, and are supporting the Tahitian Mourners costume The Marriage, a 1962 print by David Hockney, project. The BM Patrons generously funded funded by the Rootstein Hopkins Foundation. additional conservation for the Festival Chariot Since the Foundation granted funds to the BM to 54 The British Museum Review 2017/18

The Marriage by David Hockney, 1962 With funding from the Rootstein Hopkins Foundation, the BM has acquired more than 200 works on paper by contemporary British artists. (30 x 40 cm)

acquire contemporary British art, it has enabled Collections. Nicole Rousmaniere is the IFAC over 200 works on paper to be acquired. Handa Curator of Japanese Arts. William A number of generous supporters continue Greenwood is Albukhary Foundation Project to facilitate the work of BM curators. The Curator. The A.G. Leventis Foundation renewed Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism of the its support for a specialist curator of ancient Republic of Korea renewed its support for the Cyprus. BM research receives essential subsidies Curator: Korean Collections. The Sir Percival to undertake and publish new scholarship. The David Foundation of Chinese Art supports the William and Edith Oldham Charitable Trust Curator of Chinese Ceramics, who oversees the is making possible the publication in 2018 of Sir Percival David Collection. Catherine Daunt Ceremonial Living in the Third Millennium, a study has been appointed Hamish Parker Curator of of excavations at Ringlemere, Kent, where Modern and Contemporary Art. Sarah Vowles, an exquisite Early Bronze Age gold cup was Hamish Swanston Curator of Italian and French discovered in 2001. Prints and Drawings (before 1880), is co- The government’s Cultural Protection Fund curating Mantegna and Bellini, an exhibition jointly managed by the British Council plays a vital role organised by the National Gallery, London and in supporting the Museum’s international work Staatliche Museen zu Berlin. on capacity building. The fund will support the Richard Hobbs, Weston Curator of Roman Circulating Artefacts project delivered by the Britain, attracted media attention in The Times Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan. The for identifying what may be the only surviving International Training Programme has now Tantalus bowl from ancient Rome. Nicholas and welcomed over 250 Fellows from 35 countries Jane Ferguson fund the work of the Curator of underpinned by a range of private support. Skill- Medieval Europe. The Project Curator for the sharing in the UK is also generously supported. Japanese Collections is supported by JTI, while Among many awards in 2017/18 – for another is supported by a gift to the American programmes of education, access, digital Friends of the British Museum from Peter interpretation and scholarship – the Association and Faith Coolidge. Since 2008, Mitsubishi of Heritage Interpretation awarded the BM Corporation has supported the Mitsubishi the 2017 Discover Heritage Award. The prize Corporation Project Curator for the Japanese was for excellence in cultural and natural heritage interpretation in Britain and Ireland. Europe and the world The Museum was also shortlisted in the 2018 Generous support enabled UK Sponsorship awards in recognition of the BM to host a series its outstanding strategic partnerships with of concerts of music from Europe and around the Mitsubishi Corporation and Morgan Stanley. world. Mezzo soprano The BM won the Arts and Culture category for Susan Bickley performed Morgan Stanley’s sponsorship of the exhibition with members of the The American Dream: pop to the present. London Sinfonietta in the Museum interpretation is enhanced by Parthenon Gallery. cultural events for visitors. In November 2017, the BM previewed the music festival Europe and the world with a performance in the Parthenon Gallery of J.S. Bach’s Mass in B Minor by the acclaimed choir Tenebrae and the Academy of Ancient Music. The two-week festival, which took place in April 2018, was organised by the BM and Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden and made possible by the Federal Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany. The BM continues to welcome new Patrons and Members. The Patrons travel programme has been expanded, taking in trips to Paris, Iran and elsewhere. In 2017/18, the British Museum Friends held over 60 events – the most in any single year. 57 62 62 59 64

London and Touring and London

UK and International Appendices Exhibitions: Supporters Legacies Community Groups Loans: Idrimi, Alalakh king of The 3,500-year-old statue with inscribed is Idrimi of the story of his exile from high-resolution Syria. A 3D scan of the statue can now be seen online. (Height cm) 104 Appendices 57 Appendices

Exhibitions Where the Thunderbird lives: Sidney Nolan centenary: A revolutionary legacy: Haiti cultural resilience on the Back of Beyond and Toussaint Louverture LONDON Northwest Coast of 24 Nov 2017 – 22 Feb – 22 Apr 2018 North America 11 Jan 2018 The American Dream: 23 Feb – 27 Aug 2017 Supported by pop to the present Supported by the High A physician’s cabinet: Sir The Asahi Shimbun 9 Mar – 18 Jun 2017 Commission of Canada in Hans Sloane’s practices of Sponsored by Morgan Stanley the UK collecting and cataloguing AUSTRALIA Supported by the Terra Additional support by 24 Nov 2017 – Foundation for American Art Steven Larcombe and 11 Jan 2018 Egyptian mummies: Sonya Leydecker, and the exploring ancient lives Hokusai: beyond the PF Charitable Trust Pots with attitude: Powerhouse Museum, Great Wave British satires on Sydney 25 May – 13 Aug 2017 David Hockney: fourteen ceramics 1760–1830 10 Dec 2016 – Supported by Mitsubishi poems by CP Cavafy 12 Jan – 11 Mar 2018 30 Apr 2017 Corporation 17 Mar – 24 May 2017 Supported by the Monument Queensland Museum, Trust Brisbane The BP exhibition Desire, love, identity: 16 Mar to 26 Aug 2018 Scythians: warriors of exploring LGBTQ histories Charmed lives in Greece: ancient Siberia 11 May to 15 Oct 2017 Ghika, Craxton, CHINA 14 Sep 2017 – 14 Jan 2018 Supported by Stephen and Leigh Fermor Supported by BP Julie Fitzgerald 8 Mar – 15 Jul 2018 A history of the world in Organised with the State Supported by the A.G. 100 objects Hermitage Museum, Living histories: recent Leventis Foundation National Museum of St Petersburg, Russia acquisitions of works on paper Organised with the A.G. China, Beijing by contemporary Arab artists Leventis Gallery 1 Mar – 31 May 2017 Living with gods: peoples, 5 Jun – 22 Oct 2017 Shanghai Museum places and worlds beyond Money and medals: 28 Jun – 8 Oct 2017 2 Nov 2017 – 8 Apr 2018 Politics and paradise: popular mapping the UK’s Supported by the Genesis prints from the Moscatelli numismatic collections Egyptian mummies: Foundation Collection 22 Mar – 30 Sep 2018 exploring ancient lives With grateful thanks to 18 Jul – 3 Sep 2017 Sponsored by Spink Hong Kong Science John Studzinski CBE Museum The business of prints 2 Jun – 18 Oct 2017 Defacing the past: damnation 21 Sep 2017 – National Palace Museum, and desecration in imperial 28 Jan 2018 The Asahi Shimbun Taipei Rome Supported by The Eyre Displays 14 Nov 2017 – 13 Oct 2016 – Family Foundation 18 Feb 2018 7 May 2017 Moving stories: three journeys Supported by Stephen and ‘The Candle is Lighted’: 30 Mar – 30 Apr 2017 Julie Fitzgerald Martin Luther’s legacy in print Japanese woodblock printing: Iranian voices: recent 29 Sep – 23 Nov 2017 a craft of precision acquisitions of works on paper 25 May – 16 Jul 2017 26 Nov 2016 – The currency of communism 21 May 2017 19 Oct 2017 – Virtual pilgrimage: 18 Mar 2018 reimagining the Great Shrine Places of the mind: British Research made possible with of Amaravati watercolour landscapes Art Fund support 10 Aug – 8 Oct 2017 1850–1950 23 Feb – 27 Aug 2017 Life in a cup: coffee culture in On violence and beauty: Supported in memory of the Middle East reflections on war Melvin R Seiden 11 Nov 2017 – 9 Nov 2017 – 21 Jan 2018 28 Jan 2018 58 The British Museum Review 2017/18

INDIA UNITED KINGDOM Warhol to Walker: American USA prints from pop art to today India and the world: a history Dressed to impress: Netsuke Old Gala House, British modern prints from in nine stories and Japanese men’s fashion Galashiels the British Museum CSMVS, Mumbai Oriental Museum, 1 Apr – 2 Jul 2017 University of San Diego 10 Nov 2017 – Durham Hackney Museum, 10 Feb – 19 May 2017 18 Feb 2018 9 Dec 2016 – London Supported by the Getty 21 May 2017 11 Jul – 16 Sep 2017 Lines of thought: drawing Foundation and Tata Trusts Dorman Museum, Worcester Museum from Michelangelo to now Additional support from Middlesbrough 4 Nov 2017 – 6 Jan 2018 New Mexico Museum of the Newton Bhabha Fund 30 May – 29 Oct 2017 The Atkinson, Southport Art, Sante Fe and Ministry of Culture, Museum of East Asian 13 Jan – 11 Mar 2018 25 May – 17 Sep 2017 Government of India Art, Bath Rhode Island School 4 Nov 2017 – 22 Apr 2018 Music from courtly India of Design Museum, JAPAN Supported by Peter and Faith Derby Museum and Art Providence Coolidge Gallery 6 Oct 2017 – 7 Jan 2018 Hokusai: beyond Fuji 6 May – 25 Jun 2017 Abeno Harukas Art Writing for eternity: decoding Blackburn Museum and Rome: city and empire Museum, Osaka Ancient Egypt Art Gallery Frist Center for the 5 Oct – 19 Nov 2017 Museum of Hartlepool 30 Jun – 26 Aug 2017 Visual Arts, Nashville 21 Jan – 21 May 2017 23 Feb – 28 May 2018 SPAIN Viking: rediscover the legend Picasso linocuts Yorkshire Museum, York Medieval Europe: power Cooper Gallery, Barnsley 19 May – 5 Nov 2017 and legacy 21 Jan – 29 Apr 2017 Djanogly Gallery, CaixaForum, Barcelona Herbert Art Gallery & University of Nottingham 9 Mar – 18 Jun 2017 Museum, Coventry Museum CaixaForum, Zaragoza 9 Sep – 3 Dec 2017 24 Nov 2017 – 12 Jul – 29 Oct 2017 4 Mar 2018 Celebrating Ganesha The Atkinson, Southport Ancient Greeks: athletes, The Horniman, London 31 Mar – 8 July 2018 warriors and heroes 11 Feb – 23 April 2017 CaixaForum, Madrid Brent Museum & Portrait of the artist: 13 Jul – 15 Oct 2017 Archives Käthe Kollwitz CaixaForum, Barcelona 3 May – 28 Aug 2017 Ikon Gallery, 23 Nov 2017 – Manchester Museum Birmingham 18 Feb 2018 2 Sep 2017 – 8 Jan 2018 13 Sep – 26 Nov 2017 CaixaForum, Seville Young Gallery, Salisbury 20 Mar – 24 Jun 2018 Lines of thought: drawing 15 Dec 2017 – from Michelangelo to now 11 Mar 2018 Ulster Museum, Belfast Glynn Vivian Art 10 Mar – 7 May 2017 Gallery, Swansea Supported by the Bridget 24 Mar – 17 Jun 2018 Riley Art Foundation The UK touring exhibitions programme is supported by the Dorset Foundation in memory of Harry M Weinrebe 59 Appendices

Supporters The Estate of Francis British Numismatic Gwendoline, Countess of Bacon Society Dartmouth The Trustees and the Mr and Mrs Edward D. Lady Brittan The Sir Percival David Director would like to Baker The late Dr David Brown Foundation Trust thank the following Baker McKenzie Peter M. Brown FRSA The de Laszlo for their support and Sally Baker Mrs Charles H. Brown Foundation advice during the Peter Baldwin and Lisbet The Lord Browne of Mr Patrick Deane period 1 April 2017 to Rausing Madingley Department for Culture, 31 March 2018 Steven Balmer and Kent BT Group plc Media and Sport Yamada William Buller Fagg Mr Anthony Diamond The Aall Foundation Bank of America Merrill Charitable Trust Simon Digby Memorial Mr Hossam Abdalla Lynch The Gilbert & Ildiko Charity Marcus Agius and Kate The Barakat Trust Butler Family Stuart Donachie and de Rothschild Agius The Baring Foundation Foundation Chris Carter Howard and Roberta Graham and Joanna The late Miss Mary Patrick Donovan Ahmanson Barker Campbell The Dorset Foundation HH Sheikh Zayed bin Jean-Luc Baroni The High Commission of in memory of Harry Sultan bin Khalifa Al The Barry Family Canada in the UK M Weinrebe Nahyan Foundation CEDIA Dr W.J.R. Dreesmann Alan Cristea Gallery Nada Bayoud and Charles Ede Ltd Laura and Jim Duncan The Albukhary Andrew Wynn Lillian and Lincoln Chin Frank Dunphy Foundation Tom and Ingrid Beazley China Art Foundation The Easton Foundation Selwyn and Ellie Alleyne Bee Midtown CHK Charities Limited Mr Andrew Edmunds The Altajir Trust Bei Shan Tang Ida Chow Edwardian Hotels American Friends of the Foundation The Christensen Fund London British Museum Richard Beleson and Christie’s Dr Ahmed and Ann El- Amorepacific Kim Lam Beleson Citi Mokadem Zar and Caroline Fund Tim and Caroline Clark Claire Enders Amrolia In memory of J.A. and Classical Numismatic Giuseppe Eskenazi The Annenberg P.M. Bergin Group, Inc. Helen and John Espir Foundation The Berkeley Group Clifford Chance LLP Dr Donato Esposito Hilda and Yitz Applbaum Abdelmonem Bin Eisa The Clothworkers’ European Commission Arcadia – a charitable Alserkal Foundation European Research fund of Peter Baldwin David Bindman and The John S Cohen Council and Lisbet Rausing Frances Carey Foundation Mr and Mrs Jean-Marie ArcelorMittal Bloomberg Stephen Cohen Eveillard The late Miss Marion M. Mrs Raya Bohsali and Coller Capital EY Archibald Mr Karim Motaal Mr and Mrs Paul J. The Eyre Family The John Armitage The Charlotte Bonham- Collins Foundation Charitable Trust Carter Charitable Mr Gifford Combs Mr and Mrs James Faber Karen Armstrong OBE Trust Commonwealth Bank of Dr Farhad Farjam The Art Fund Charles and Léonie Australia Mrs Susan Farmer Arts and Humanities Booth-Clibborn Margaret Conklin and Stuart Feldman Research Council Ronald E. Bornstein David Sabel John Fenwick Arts Council England Molly Lowell and David John Cook Mr and Mrs Nicholas The Asahi Shimbun Borthwick Peter and Faith Coolidge Ferguson The Atlas Fund Lord Boyd of Merton Michael and Elizabeth Mr Francis Finlay CNG Ms Jane Attias BP Corley OBE John and Paula Attree The British Council The late Miss Penelope Oxford Maritime Trust Alain (Alan) Aubry British Institute of Crutchfield Marc Fitch Fund The Aurelius Charitable Persian Studies The Cultivist Niall FitzGerald KBE Trust The British Museum David and Susan DSA and Ingrid Neil and Kay Austin Friends Dalgarno FitzGerald British Museum Trust Thomas Dane 60 The British Museum Review 2017/18

Stephen and Julie Dr Martin Halusa Fady Jameel and Gigi The A.G. Leventis Fitzgerald Mrs Dorothy Hambleton Zahid Foundation Ms Martha J. Fleischman The Helen Hamlyn Trust Peter Jeffreys in honour of The Leverhulme Trust Sam Fogg Dr Haruhisa Handa Elizabeth Jeffrey Dees Mr Christian Levett Ford Foundation Arthur and Elisa Hanna Jersey Heritage The B.D.G. Leviton Christopher Fordham Sir Ewan and Lady Mr Jack A. Josephson and Foundation Honor Frost Foundation Harper Dr Magda Saleh Lowell Libson and Lowell Mrs Fu Lau Kin Yue The late Mrs Jeanne JTI Libson Ltd Kathleen Harrison Jonathan and Ute Kagan The Linbury Trust The Fu Shu Qun Kaneko Haruhiko Sakaida Kakiemon XV Ruth and Stuart Lipton Foundation The Headley Trust Mr Emy Kat Charitable Trust Mr Paul Gadd Mrs Katrin Henkel The Daniel Katz Gallery Liz Lloyd Mr Sven Gahlin Colonel and Mrs Daniel Sir Henry and Lady William Lock Mr Jonathan Gaisman C. Herbert Keswick Mark and Liza Loveday The Gamboge Fine Art Heritage Lottery Fund Emma and Simon Dr and Mrs Lucas Society Hintze Family Charitable Keswick James and Béatrice Johanna and Leslie Foundation Roger Keverne and Lupton Garfield Sabrina Ho Chiu Yeng Miranda Clarke Dr Lee MacCormick Catherine Gatto-Harding Olivia Hoare Princess Jeet Nabha Edwards Charitable in memory of Jack Karen and Robert Khemka and Mr Foundation Harding Hoehn Nand Khemka Miss Louisa Macmillan Lady Gavron Holdingham Group David Killick The late Ms Bea Generation Investment Horizon Asset LLP Robert Kiln Charitable Maddock Management LLP The Sir Joseph Hotung Trust Mr Vali Mahlouji Gerda Henkel Charitable Settlement Ms Minjung Kim Dr and Mrs P. Mahonen Foundation Sir Joseph Hotung Ms Suyeon Kim Richard Mansell-Jones Federal Foreign Office of The John and Ruth Dr Jonathan King Massimo Marcucci the Federal Republic Howard Charitable The late Mr Ivan The Marsh Christian of Germany Trust Kingsley Trust The Getty Foundation HSBC Holdings plc James and Clare Mary Ryan Gallery Mrs Raghida Ghandour Wang Huangsheng Kirkman Mr James Mather Al-Rahim Mrs Caryl Hubbard Yvonne Koerfer Sir Deryck and Lady Clive Gillmore and the late Mr John The Korea Foundation Maughan Israel Goldman Hubbard Ministry of Culture, Mr and Mrs David Goldman Sachs Philip and Psiche Hughes Sports and Tourism of Mayhew International Ms Maïtanne Hunt the Republic of Korea McArthurGlen Val Gooding and Anne and the late David Korean Air Colin McCorquodale Crawford MacDonald Hyatt King David Lachenmann E.J. McFadden Nicholas and Judith IAG Cargo Faaiza Lalji and Ameel Dr Alex Hooi and Keir Goodison The Idlewild Trust Somani McGuinness Google Indonesian Embassy in Sir Richard and Lady McKinsey & Company Caroline Gordon London Lambert Meander Stephen Gosztony and ING Bank N.V. Steven Larcombe and The Andrew W. Mellon Sue Butcher Inlaks Shivdasani Sonya Leydecker Foundation Prof Lynda Gratton Foundation Latham & Watkins The Paul Mellon Centre and the Hon. Nigel The Institute of David Lawson for Studies in British Boardman Bioarchaeology Thomas and Gianna Le Art Henry and Detta International Foundation Claire The Mercers’ Company Gregson for Arts and Culture The Leche Trust Olivier Georges Mestelan Sarah and Gerard Griffin Iran Heritage Foundation Legal & General Carol and Robin Paul M. Griffith The late Ms Brenda Investment Michaelson Antony Griffiths Jacob Management Mr John Micklethwait Mr and Mrs Roderick Mr Moez and Dr Nadia David Leventhal CBE Hall Jamal 61 Appendices

Professor Arthur R. The late Dr Marjorie Mrs Cristiana Romalli In memory of Melvin R Miller Fisher Mr and Mrs Benjamin Seiden Richard Millett QC Mr Richard Padula Rosen Louisa Service OBE Mitsubishi Corporation Mr David Paisey Sandra Rosignoli Sukanya Shankar, Mitsubishi Corporation Michael and Helen Palin Frankie Rossi Anoushka Shankar International (Europe) Simon and Midge Palley The Rothschild and the Ravi Shankar plc Irene Panagopoulos Foundation Foundation The Monument Trust Hamish Parker Royal Anthropological Ms Priscylla Shaw Mark and Judy Moody- Drs John and Carolyn Institute Urgent Susan Sheehan Gallery Stuart Parker-Williams Anthropology Fund Yeung Hai Shuet The Henry Moore Mr and Mrs Gavin E. Royal Numismatic Julia Simmonds Foundation Patterson Society Sino-British Fellowship MOP Foundation Pennycress Trust Mr and Mrs Martin Trust Morgan Stanley Mr and Mrs Guy Royalton-Kisch The late Dr Douglas Marie-Louise von Peppiatt The Ruddock Foundation Slatter Motesiczky Charitable PF Charitable Trust for the Arts Oleg and Galina Smirnov Trust The Pictet Group Dr Deanna Lee Rudgard Sir Martin Sorrell, WPP Dr Frederick Mulder Mark Pigott KBE, OBE OBE plc CBE Mr and Mrs Anthony Judy Rudoe Sotheby’s Shigeru and Noriko Pitt-Rivers Numismatica Ars Isaac Souede Myojin Dr Jerome J. and Mrs Classica NAC AG Spink Sherif and Dounia Nadar Arleen Kay Platt The Ruya Foundation Christopher and Jennifer Richard Nagy Professor Jeffrey Pollard Jack Ryan St Victor-de-Pinho Mr Peter Nahum Mr and Mrs S. Popham Jeremy and John Sacher Staatliche National Association of Professor Richard Portes Charitable Trust Kunstsammlungen Decorative and Fine CBE FBA Michael and Nicola Dresden Arts Societies Caroline and Charles Sacher Charitable Standard Chartered National Geographic Pridgeon Trust Bank Society Bernie and Sue Pucker Mrs Beverly Sackler Mr Daniel Steel Newton Bhabha Fund Pucker Gallery The Sainsbury Family Hugh and Catherine The Newton Charitable Ms Bambi Putnam Charitable Trusts Stevenson Trust Qatar-Sudan Sainsbury Institute for Frances Stoddart Ms Diane Nixon Archaeological Project the Study of Japanese The late Mr Michael Jenny and David Queen Elizabeth Arts and Cultures Stoddart Norgrove Scholarship Trust Salomon Oppenheimer Paul and Anna Stolper Normanby Charitable RA Association Philanthropic John J. Studzinski CBE Trust in honour The Radcliffe Trust Foundation Maria and Malek Sukkar of The Dowager Rangoonwala Foundation Sir Anthony and Lady The Sumitomo Marchioness of Maya and Ramzy Salz Foundation Normanby Rasamny Samsung Patrick and Sharon Syz North Street Trust Dr John H. Rassweiler Alejandro and Lady Tabor Foundation Numismatica Ars E. Rhodes & Leona B. Charlotte Santo Lady Juliet Tadgell Classica NAC AG Carpenter Foundation Domingo Mrs Takahashi Yukiko His Excellency Zaki Lady Riddell Mrs Julio Mario Santo Mr John Talbot Nusseibeh Bridget Riley Art Domingo Faisal Tamer and Sara Richard and Amicia Foundation Sarawak Museum Alireza Oldfield Rio Tinto plc Lord Sassoon Kt Miss Yuanyuan Tan William and Edith John and Liz Robins Sir Victor Sassoon Ed and Anne Teppo Oldham Charitable Barbara Paul Robinson Chinese Ivories Trust Terra Foundation for Trust and Charles Raskob Björn and Inger Savén American Art Stephen and Laura Robinson Dr Douglas Schoenherr Daniel Thierry Ongpin The E.S.G. Robinson Karsten Schubert The Thriplow Charitable Jeffery and Sally Onions Charitable Trust The Finnis Scott Trust J.M. Rogers Foundation 62 The British Museum Review 2017/18

The Philip and Irene Toll Wolfgang Ratjen Legacies Community Groups Gage Foundation Stiftung, Liechtenstein The late Mr Richard The Wolfson Foundation The Trustees are The BM welcomes Tonkin The Lord Leonard and grateful to people communities from Anthony and Carolyn Lady Estelle Wolfson who remember the across London and Townsend Foundation Museum and the beyond. The following Mr V. Gordon Tregear Lady Wolfson of British Museum groups attended free and family Marylebone Friends in their will exhibition previews in The late Mrs Jennifer Mrs Jayne Wrightsman 2017/18 Trusted OBE Mr Colin Beck Lord and Lady Wellington and Virginia Mrs Pierette Bergin Action Space Tugendhat Sun Yee Ms Joan May Bishop Africa Advocacy Berna and Tolga Tuglular Katherine Ashton Young Mr David Brown Foundation Garret and Jane-Marie and Brian D. Young Miss Mary Campbell Age UK Turley Mrs Jenny Young du Pont Mr Michael Grange Akash Residents John and Ann Tusa Mr Alex Zadah Mrs Jeanne Harrison Association UnionPay International Mr John Hubbard Albert Kennedy Trust Co., Ltd Ms Brenda Jacob Arachne Greek Cypriot University of East Anglia Mr Ivan Kinglsey Women’s Group Professor Richard Verdi Mr David Ratcliffe Arlington House The Vivmar Foundation Ms Edwina Sewell- Arts 4 Dementia Robin Vousden Baverstock Baila Peru Rupert Wace Miss Kathleen Teulon Bede Centre Mr P.D.S. Waddell Ms Margaret Thomas Belief in Bow Bruce Wake Charitable Ms Jennifer Trusted Bishop Ho Ming Wah Trust Mr Brian Wilson Association The Wakefield Trust Brandon Centre Harry Walker The Trustees are also Buddhist Society The Charles Wallace grateful to those who Calthorpe Project Burma Trust have made gifts in CAFOD The Charles Wallace the memory of family Camden Carers Centre India Trust and friends Camden Carers Network Mark and Julia Walport Camden Chinese Bruno Wang Community Centre Sir Siegmund Warburg’s Camden Garden Centre Voluntary Settlement Camden LGBT Forum Mr and Dr Webb Camden Libraries Mark Weil Camden Men’s Shed Weil, Gotshal & Manges Capital A (London) LLP Cara Trust Laura Weinstock Castlehaven Community Gretchen and David Association Welch Caxton House Wellcome Trust Community Centre The Garfield Weston Central & Cecil Housing Foundation Trust Baroness Wheatcroft Chadswell Healthy Robert and Catherine Living Centre White Children’s Hospital Mr Malcolm H. Wiener School at Great Reba and Dave Williams Ormond Street The late Mr Brian Chinese Information & Wilson Advice Centre Dr Andrew Withey 63 Appendices

Chinese National Henna Asian Women’s Marchmont Association South West London & Healthy Living Group Middle Eastern St George’s Mental City & Islington College Hibiscus Initiatives Women & Society Health NHS Trust Claremont Project Highbury Grove Crisis Organisation Spice Community Action for House Migrant Resource Centre Spitalfields Crypt Trust Refugees and Asylum Hillside Clubhouse Mildmay Sheltered Springfield University Seekers Holborn Community Housing Hospital Community Association Association Mind Sputnik Association of for West Hampstead Home-Start Camden Mind in Camden Russian Speaking Confraternity of Saint Hopscotch Asian Mind Yourself Women James Women’s Centre Mosaic St Mungo’s Broadway Contact the Elderly Hounslow Chinese National Autistic Society Stepney Life Centre Conway House Community Centre National Hospital Stroke Project Cooltan Arts Imperial Health Charity for Neurology & Swadhinata Trust Core Arts Inter Faith Centre Neurosurgery Sydenham Garden Covent Garden Dragon Iranian Association New City College Terrence Higgins Trust Hall Trust IROKO Theatre New Horizon Youth Third Age Project Creative Support Company Centre Three Faiths Forum CRISIS Islamic Cultural Centre Nightingale House Time and Talents Crossroads Women’s Isledon Road Resource North London Housing Toynbee Hall Centre Centre Co-op Training Link Croydon Sickle Cell & Islington & Shoreditch North London Interfaith Triangle Community Thalassemia Support Housing Association Nubian Users Forum Services Group Islington Bangladesh Only Connect Twining Enterprise Depaul UK: Alone in Association OpenAge UCL Communication London Islington Centre for Opening Doors London Clinic Earth Society in UK Refugees and Oremi Resource Centre UKLGIG East London Chinese Migrants Origin Time Bank Voluntary Action Community Centre Islington Chinese Camden Camden Epilepsy Action Association Outings in Art Volunteer Centre Equiano Society Islington Mind Parkinson’s UK Camden Fitzrovia Centre Islington Women’s Penfold Community Hub Wandsworth & Fitzrovia Neighbourhood Centre Positive East Westminster Mind Centre Kentish Town City Farm Primrose Hill West Euston Partnership Friends of Tavistock King’s Cross Brunswick Community West Euston Time Bank Square Neighbourhood Association West Hampstead Fulham Good Association Quaker Social Action Women’s Centre Neighbours Laamiga Women’s Rosetta Art Centre Westminster Kingsway Garden School Mentoring and Rumi’s Cave College Great Croft Resource Training Russian Immigrants Westminster Senior Centre Lismore Circus Association Citizens Forum Gujarati Literary Community Woods Salvation Army Westway Trust Academy Living Well Network Sanctuary Housing Whittington Park Hackney Chinese London Boroughs Faiths Sapphire Independent Community Community Services Network Housing Association Hackney Community London Central Mosque Sickle Cell Society Wild Street Estate College Trust and the Islamic Sikh Education Council Garden Club Hackney Cypriot Cultural Centre Single Homeless Project Women’s Interfaith Association London Connected SMart Network Network Headway East London Learning Centre South Bloomsbury Working Men’s College Healthwatch Camden London Inter Faith Tenants’ and Yarrow Housing Helen Bamber Centre Residents’ Association Foundation London West End Helios Centre Women’s Institute 64 The British Museum Review 2017/18

Loans Maryport Chicago Middlesborough Cologne In 2017/18, BM Newark Copenhagen objects were seen Newcastle Dallas in the UK and Newmarket Delhi across the world Norwich Dresden Nottingham Dublin UNITED KINGDOM Oakham Gent Oldham Hamburg Ashbourne Oxford Hobart Barnsley Perry Green Hong Kong Bath Petworth Indianapolis Birmingham Preston Karlsruhe Bishop’s Stortford Reading Leiden Blackburn Richmond Lens Brighton Romford Lisbon Bristol Rotherham Los Angeles Buxton Salisbury Madrid Cambridge Sheffield Mechelen Cardiff Southampton Milan Carlisle Southport Moscow Cheltenham Stornoway Mumbai Chepstow Stroud Nagaoka Cirencester Swaffham Naples Colchester Swansea Nashville Compton Verney Thetford New Haven Coventry Truro New York Derby Ulster Nicosia Derry Wallsend Osaka Dover Wellingborough Ottawa Driffield Welshpool Palermo Durham Weston-super-Mare Paris Eastbourne Worcester Perth Edinburgh Worksop Princeton Galashiels York Providence Glasgow San Diego Guildford INTERNATIONAL Santa Fe Hampshire Sarasota Hartlepool Agrigento Seoul Hexham Albany Seville Hull Alert Bay Shanghai Hutton-le-Hole Amsterdam Sydney Ipswich Athens Taipei King’s Lynn Atlanta Toledo Leeds Baltimore Toulouse Leicester Barcelona Turin Lincoln Basel Venice Littlehampton Beijing Vienna Liverpool Berlin Washington Llanfairpwll Brisbane Zaragoza London Bruges Luton Brussels Maidstone Budapest Manchester Canberra LXV© The British Museum 2018

Image credits: Trustees of the British Museum; © Benedict Johnson (pp.5, 13, 22–5, 35); courtesy Museum Ulm, Germany (p.8); © Religionskundliche Sammlung der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany (p.17); © The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, 2017 (pp.18, 19); © Benaki Museum 2018 (p.20); © Estate of Jacob Lawrence. ARS, NY and DACS, London 2018 (p. 21) © TARA / David Coulson (p.28); © Anthony Chappel-Ross (p.33); The Sunday Telegraph, 23 April 2017 © Telegraph Media Group Ltd (p.38); © Martin Godwin / Guardian News and Media Ltd 2018 (p.39); courtesy of Lord Sassoon (p.42); © Hong Kong Science Museum (p.43); © Photo Mohamed Tohami / Berber-Abidiya Archaeological Project (p.49); © David Hockney (p.54); © Leon Hargreaves (p.55); Photo by Tracey Howe for Making Light (p.56)

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