DOCSLIB.ORG

Mars in the Age of New Space Launchers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mars in the Age of New Space Launchers Journal of the British Interplanetary Society VOLUME 71 NO.5 MAY 2018 Mars in the Age of New Space Launchers AN EARTH-MOON-MARS Passenger Transport Pyramid Stephen Ashworth THE MARTIANS: Space Age Visions of Journeys to the Red Planet Stephen Baxter MARS COLONISATION The Health Hazards and Exposure Control John R. Cain IMPLICATIONS FOR RESOURCE UTILIZATION ON MARS: Recent Discoveries and Hypotheses Fabrizio Bernardini, Nathaniel Putzig, Eric Petersen, Angel Abbud-Madrid & Valentina Giacinti THE LAWS OF MARS COLONISATION – a Legal Analysis Raphaël Costa www.bis-space.com ISSN 0007-084X PUBLICATION DATE: 30 NOVEMBER 2018 Submitting papers International Advisory Board to JBIS JBIS welcomes the submission of technical Rachel Armstrong, Newcastle University, UK papers for publication dealing with technical Peter Bainum, Howard University, USA reviews, research, technology and engineering in astronautics and related fields. Stephen Baxter, Science & Science Fiction Writer, UK James Benford, Microwave Sciences, California, USA Text should be: James Biggs, The University of Strathclyde, UK ■ As concise as the content allows – typically 5,000 to 6,000 words. Shorter papers (Technical Notes) Anu Bowman, Foundation for Enterprise Development, California, USA will also be considered; longer papers will only Gerald Cleaver, Baylor University, USA be considered in exceptional circumstances – for Charles Cockell, University of Edinburgh, UK example, in the case of a major subject review. Ian A. Crawford, Birkbeck College London, UK ■ Source references should be inserted in the text in square brackets – [1] – and then listed at the Adam Crowl, Icarus Interstellar, Australia end of the paper. Eric W. Davis, Institute for Advanced Studies at Austin, USA ■ Illustration references should be cited in Kathryn Denning, York University, Toronto, Canada numerical order in the text; those not cited in the Martyn Fogg, Probability Research Group, UK text risk omission. Raghavan Gopalaswami, Aerospace Researcher, India ■ Captions must be labelled with their Fig. number and should be as short as possible. Lamartine Guimarães, Institute for Advanced Studies, Brazil Mark Hempsell, Hempsell Astronautics Ltd, UK Illustrations should be: Takuto Ishimatsu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA ■ Colour or mono, but should be as close to print Les Johnson, Marshall Space Flight Center, USA resolution (300 dpi) as possible. Poor-quality illustrations may compromise the acceptance of Terry Kammash, University of Michigan, USA paper for publication. Images embedded in Word Kelvin F. Long, Initiative for Interstellar Studies documents may be acceptable, but JBIS reserves Inoue Makoto, Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics Academia Sinica, Taiwan the right to request separate higher-resolution Gregory L. Matloff, City University New York, USA image files from the author prior to publication. Koichi Mori, Nagoya University, Japan ■ Responsibility for copyright clearance of images rests entirely with the author. Richard Obousy, Richard Obousy Consulting LLC, USA Robert Parkinson, BIS, Aylesbury, UK Submission of papers George Schmidt, NASA John H Glenn Research Center, Ohio, USA ■ Papers for consideration should be sent by Paul Schuch, The SETI League Inc, USA email to [email protected] as both a Word document and as a Word PDF file (in order to Tabitha Smith, Bifrost, USA check for font anomalies), together with any Andreas Tziolas, Variance Dynamical Corporation, USA separate image files. Chris Welch, The International Space University, Strasbourg, France ■ If a paper is accepted for publication, the Friedwardt Winterberg, University of Nevada, Reno, USA author will be asked to sign a License to Publish form. This can be downloaded at www.bis- space.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/ WebsiteLicense.pdf. ■ Authors will receive a complimentary copy of the issue in which their paper appears. Editor Roger Longstaff Deputy Editor Duncan Law-Green Associate Editors Stephen Ashworth, We respectfully ask authors to adhere to these Keith Cooper, Stephen Gamble, Paul Gilster, Rob Swinney, Production MP3 Media guidelines. Failure to do so will result in the Promotion Gill Norman JBIS Office British Interplanetary Society, Arthur C. Clarke House, delay of acceptable papers for publication. 27-29 South Lambeth Road, London, SW8 1SZ, United Kingdom tel +44 (0)20 7735 3160 email [email protected] www.bis-space.com Our full Guidelines for Authors can be downloaded DISTRIBUTION from www.bis-space.com JBIS is distributed worldwide by mail and may be received by annual subscription or purchase of single copies. It is available through membership of the British Interplanetary Society at much reduced rates. Subscription details for members, non-members and libraries are available from the above address. JBIS is a publication that promotes the mission of the British Interplanetary Society. Opinions expressed in signed articles are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editor or the Council of the British Interplanetary Society. Security clearance, where necessary, is the responsibility of the author. Published by the British Interplanetary Society. Registered Company No: 402498. Registered Charity No: 250556. Printed by Latimer Trend & Company Ltd, Estover Road, Plymouth, PL6 7PY, England. © 2018 British Interplanetary Society. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording by any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission from the Publishers. CONTENTS VOLUME 71 NO.5 MAY 2018 158 Introduction 159 THE MARTIANS: Space Age Visions of Journeys to the Red Planet Stephen Baxter 165 AN EARTH-MOON-MARS Passenger Transport Pyramid Stephen Ashworth 178 MARS COLONISATION The Health Hazards and Exposure Control John R. Cain 186 IMPLICATIONS FOR RESOURCE UTILIZATION ON MARS: Recent Discoveries and Hypotheses Fabrizio Bernardini, Nathaniel Putzig, Eric Petersen, Angel Abbud-Madrid & Valentina Giacinti 190 THE LAWS OF MARS COLONISATION – a Legal Analysis Raphaël Costa From the Editor It has come to our attention that due to a printing error, some copies of the March issue of JBIS were circulated with the first two and last two pages missing. If your copy was so affected, please call or email theJBIS office (see left) and we will replace it free of charge. Our apologies for any inconvenience caused. Roger Longstaff, Editor OUR MISSION STATEMENT The British Interplanetary Society promotes the exploration and use of space for the benefit of humanity, connecting people to create, educate and inspire, and advance knowledge in all aspects of astronautics. JBIS Vol 71 No.5 May 2018 157 INTRODUCTION Introduction Mars in the Age of New Space Launchers The Mars Symposium at the BIS in London, 28 February and 1 March. From left to right: Mark Hempsell, Alan Bond, Bob Parkinson, Richard Osborne, David Todd, Stephen Ashworth. ver since there was an understanding of the real- arises is: how might this new capability affect approaches to ities of the Solar System and its planets, visiting getting humans to Mars? It was to explore this question that Mars has been a key aspiration of interplanetary the British Interplanetary Society held a two-day Symposium flight. From the late nineteenth century onwards, entitled “Mars in the Age of New Space Launchers” on 28 Feb- E science fiction has speculated about flights between ruary and 1 March 2018. Earth and Mars. As time passed the true nature of Venus was discovered, ruling it out as a target, and the Moon (at least The event attracted sixteen very diverse talks, and we have in popular imagination) became perceived as just a boring papers based on five of these talks in this special issue of JBIS. lump of rock. Thus Mars with its more Earth-like qualities They reflect the multifarious issues that need to be considered became the pre-eminent target for the next big human mis- and resolved before the adventure of human flight to Mars sion. A more objective and rational assessment may show can be attempted, including not just technical issues but ar- other important destinations that will also need to be reached chitectural strategies and legal aspects. The first day of the for complete understanding and exploitation of the Solar Sys- symposium showed that, while the capability of these new tem, but Mars remains pivotal as both a technological and a launchers will not in and of itself transform the feasibility of scientific goal of interplanetary exploration. reaching Mars, it is an essential foundation. The second day showed that our understanding of what we can do when we Hopefully, after many false starts, we are now entering a get there continues to grow. new age in which this goal is made achievable through the appearance of launch systems that offer higher capacity, high- er reliability and lower cost. The Space Launch System, the The Organising Committee reusable vehicles under development by SpaceX and Blue Or- Stephen Ashworth igin, and Reaction Engines’ Skylon spaceplane are all offering Mark Hempsell potentially transformational capability. So the question that Richard Osborne 158 Vol 71 No.5 May 2018 JBIS JBIS VOLUME 71 2018 PAGES 159-163 THE MARTIANS: Space Age Visions of Journeys to the Red Planet STEPHEN BAXTER c/o Christopher Schelling, Selectric Artists, 9 Union Square #123, Southbury, CT 06488, USA email [email protected] This paper is a study of post-World War II technological
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Foundations of Interstellar Studies NY Issue
    Journal of the British Interplanetary Society VOLUME 71 NO.8 AUGUST 2018 Foundations of Interstellar Studies NY Issue FIRST STOP ON THE INTERSTELLAR JOURNEY The Solar Gravity Lens Focus Louis Friedman & Slava G. Turyshev EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATION OF DUST IMPACTS at Starflight Velocities Andrew J. Higgins PLASMA DYNAMICS in Firefly's Z-pinch Fusion Engine Robert M. Freeland II GRAM-SCALE NANO-SPACECRAFT Entry into Star Systems Albert Allen Jackson IV THE INTERSTELLAR FUSION FUEL RESOURCE BASE of our Solar System Robert G. Kennedy TESTS OF FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS in Interstellar Flight Roman Ya. Kezerashvili www.bis-space.com ISSN 0007-084X PUBLICATION DATE: 4 JANUARY 2019 Submitting papers International Advisory Board to JBIS JBIS welcomes the submission of technical Rachel Armstrong, Newcastle University, UK papers for publication dealing with technical Peter Bainum, Howard University, USA reviews, research, technology and engineering in astronautics and related fields. Stephen Baxter, Science & Science Fiction Writer, UK James Benford, Microwave Sciences, California, USA Text should be: James Biggs, The University of Strathclyde, UK ■ As concise as the content allows – typically 5,000 to 6,000 words. Shorter papers (Technical Notes) Anu Bowman, Foundation for Enterprise Development, California, USA will also be considered; longer papers will only Gerald Cleaver, Baylor University, USA be considered in exceptional circumstances – for Charles Cockell, University of Edinburgh, UK example, in the case of a major subject review. Ian A. Crawford, Birkbeck College London, UK ■ Source references should be inserted in the text in square brackets – [1] – and then listed at the Adam Crowl, Icarus Interstellar, Australia end of the paper. Eric W.
    [Show full text]
  • Asteroid Retrieval Mission
    Where you can put your asteroid Nathan Strange, Damon Landau, and ARRM team NASA/JPL-CalTech © 2014 California Institute of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged. Distant Retrograde Orbits Works for Earth, Moon, Mars, Phobos, Deimos etc… very stable orbits Other Lunar Storage Orbit Options • Lagrange Points – Earth-Moon L1/L2 • Unstable; this instability enables many interesting low-energy transfers but vehicles require active station keeping to stay in vicinity of L1/L2 – Earth-Moon L4/L5 • Some orbits in this region is may be stable, but are difficult for MPCV to reach • Lunar Weakly Captured Orbits – These are the transition from high lunar orbits to Lagrange point orbits – They are a new and less well understood class of orbits that could be long term stable and could be easier for the MPCV to reach than DROs – More study is needed to determine if these are good options • Intermittent Capture – Weakly captured Earth orbit, escapes and is then recaptured a year later • Earth Orbit with Lunar Gravity Assists – Many options with Earth-Moon gravity assist tours Backflip Orbits • A backflip orbit is two flybys half a rev apart • Could be done with the Moon, Earth or Mars. Backflip orbit • Lunar backflips are nice plane because they could be used to “catch and release” asteroids • Earth backflips are nice orbits in which to construct things out of asteroids before sending them on to places like Earth- Earth or Moon orbit plane Mars cyclers 4 Example Mars Cyclers Two-Synodic-Period Cycler Three-Synodic-Period Cycler Possibly Ballistic Chen, et al., “Powered Earth-Mars Cycler with Three Synodic-Period Repeat Time,” Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Sept.-Oct.
    [Show full text]
  • Interview Class Act
    Sheena Grant interview Class act Her music is as breathtakingly beautiful as the images it was written to accompany. Sheena Grant finds out what inspires composer Sarah Class usician and “It’s one of the most singularly composer Sarah powerful and effective charities that Class is a woman I’ve been fortunate enough to in demand. experience,” she says. “I got involved At only 34 years because I was looking for a way to old she is already help the environment through my one of Britain’s music and the WLT seemed to be a most sought-after quietly powerful and effective charity musical talents, whose making huge headway into protecting Mhauntingly beautiful and natural habitats. evocative compositions have “My three biggest loves are people, helped bring to life many of the nature and music - in no particular nation’s favourite natural order - and through music I hope to do history documentaries over the something to help the other two. The last decade or so. more you highlight animals and the She may not yet be a household problems in our world the more name but many of the landmark beauty you show people, who might series for which she has provided the go on to feel the importance of music are, including the David protecting these habitats. Attenborough-fronted Africa, “The evening in Halesworth is part Madagascar and the State of the of that. It will feature music, film Planet. sequence and I will do a kind of Sarah is about to make her first trip question and answer with Bill Oddie, to Suffolk.
    [Show full text]
  • A World of Quarterly Newsletter
    United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Where have all the beaches gone? p. 12 Natural Sciences A World of Quarterly Newsletter Vol. 1, No. 1 October–December 2002 CONTENTS EDITORIAL SUMMIT NEWS 2 UNESCO and Johannesburg ‘Our house is burning’ World of Science is being launched as part of the new communication strategy of OTHER NEWS A the Sector of Natural Sciences of UNESCO. The aim of this quarterly newsletter 6 Member States celebrate first is to keep UNESCO’s concerns in the public eye and at the centre of public debate by World Science Day making information easily available and attractive reading. It is my hope that this will 7 Door opens for SESAME provide a new service for all those who follow with interest developments in UNESCO’s science programmes. 8 CUBES seals partnership between UNESCO and Other innovations in communication include the UNESCO science portal 1 and more Columbia University specific portals, such as those on water 2 and oceans 3. 9 Steep increase for women in science prize money Besides being available on the web, A World of Science is being despatched to 9 A strong voice for small islands depository libraries around the world, to government ministries, to the 188 National Commissions for UNESCO and to UNESCO’s partners in the intergovernmental and 9 UNESCO Chair launched non-governmental communities. in sciences This first issue of A World of Science is published in the wake of the World Summit INTERVIEW on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 26 August to 4 September.
    [Show full text]
  • Low-Excess Speed Triple Cyclers of Venus, Earth, and Mars
    AAS 17-577 LOW EXCESS SPEED TRIPLE CYCLERS OF VENUS, EARTH, AND MARS Drew Ryan Jones,∗ Sonia Hernandez,∗ and Mark Jesick∗ Ballistic cycler trajectories which repeatedly encounter Earth and Mars may be in- valuable to a future transportation architecture ferrying humans to and from Mars. Such trajectories which also involve at least one flyby of Venus are computed here for the first time. The so-called triple cyclers are constructed to exhibit low excess speed on Earth-Mars and Mars-Earth transit legs, and thereby reduce the cost of hyperbolic rendezvous. Thousands of previously undocumented two synodic pe- riod Earth-Mars-Venus triple cyclers are discovered. Many solutions are identified with average transit leg excess speed below 5 km/sec, independent of encounter epoch. The energy characteristics are lower than previously documented cyclers not involving Venus, but the repeat periods are generally longer. NOMENCLATURE ∆tH Earth-Mars Hohmann transfer flight time, days δ Hyperbolic flyby turning angle, degrees R;^ S;^ T^ B-plane unit vectors B B-plane vector, km µ Gravitational parameter, km3/sec2 θB B-plane angle between B and T^, degrees rp Periapsis radius, km T Cycler repeat period, days t0 Cycle starting epoch ∗ t0 Earth-Mars Hohmann transfer epoch tf Cycle ending epoch Tsyn Venus-Earth-Mars synodic period, days v1 Hyperbolic excess speed, km/sec INTRODUCTION Trajectories are computed which ballistically and periodically cycle between flybys of Venus, Earth, and Mars. Using only gravity assists, a cycling vehicle returns to the starting body after a flight time commensurate with the celestial bodies’ orbital periods, thereby permitting indefinite repetition.
    [Show full text]
  • Martian Outpost the Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on Mars Erik Seedhouse
    Martian Outpost The Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on Mars Erik Seedhouse Martian Outpost The Challenges of Establishing a Human Settlement on Mars Springer Published in association with ~ '· i €I Praxis Publishing PR i ~ . i •", . ~ Chichester, UK Dr Erik Seedhouse, F.B.I.S., As.M.A. Milton Ontario Canada SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason M.B.E., B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN 978-0-387-98190-1 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer is a part of Springer Science + Business Media (springer.com) Library of Congress Control Number: 2009921645 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Copyright, 2009 Praxis Publishing Ltd. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Jim Wilkie Copy editor: Dr John Mason Typesetting: BookEns Ltd, Royston, Herts., UK Printed in Germany on acid-free paper Contents Preface ..................................................... xiii Acknowledgments................................................xv About the author ..............................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Selected Bibliography of Publications By, and About, Samuel A
    A Selected Bibliography of Publications by, and about, Samuel A. Goudsmit Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 10 January 2020 Version 1.03 Title word cross-reference $3.50 [Bar30, Rid47]. 136 [Cha72]. 138 [Cha72]. 140 [Cha72]. 142 [Cha72]. g [Gou25g]. Sa [Ive10]. Z [LHLT64]. Za [Ive10]. -dependent [LHLT64]. -Werte [Gou25g]. 1947 [Hen48, Whi48]. 1952 [Gou53b]. 1953 [Gou53a]. 1964 [Gou65a]. 1978 [Bed08b, Dre79]. 1983 [Moy84]. 1987 [Lug69]. 1988 [DGS89]. 3d [Tho97]. A-Bomb [Rec91, LRD+91, Bro93, Mac85]. Abides [Gla00]. Abraham [Bed08a, Bed08b]. Absorption [ZHG36]. Abstracts [GT66a, GT68, Gou69a]. Academy [Coc77, Jew77]. accept [Ano54a]. Acceptance [Gou72b]. Account [Lan54]. Ad [Gou72a]. Affirm [ACU+54]. 1 2 Again [GT66c, Gou73e, Rai85]. Age [Lan48, Sul78, Lan59a, Lan59b, Lap59]. AIP [Ano75]. Alamos [Bet91]. Alan [Gou78b]. Alfred [Hol93a, LH93]. Allies [Hol93b]. Alsos [Gou48c, Ano12, Gou47g, Gou47h, Gou47e, Gou48c, Gou51, Gou62, Gou83, Gou96, Pas69, Pas80, Ano48a, Gue50, Hen48, Moy84, Tre83, Whi48]. ALSOS. [Rid47]. Am [Gou74b]. amend [NG70]. American [EBU+52, Gou47b]. Americans [Lan54]. Among [Tre83]. Analyses [BG32, BG68]. Analysis [Gou74a, Wer10]. Analyzed [Gou47c]. Ancient [Gou81]. Angeles [Moy84, Tre83]. Angeles/San [Tre83]. Angewandte [Gou50a]. Angle [Win89, Win87]. Angry [Gou63]. Angular [BL96, NLCS05]. Announcement [Gou58c, Gou58d, Gou58e, Gou68d]. Anomalies [GB33]. Anomalous [Ben38]. anonymity [WG67]. antiquities [RG82]. Application [Hei47a, Hei47b, MU56]. applications [Ike17]. Applied [Gou50a]. Appraisal [Hei49]. Arbeiten [Hei46].
    [Show full text]
  • Technology, Innovation & Engineering Committee Report NASA Advisory
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Technology, Innovation & Engineering Committee Report NASA Advisory Council Presented by: Dr. Bill Ballhaus, Chair December 2, 2015 www.nasa.gov/spacetech TI&E Committee Meeting Attendees November 10, 2015 • Dr. William Ballhaus, Chair • Mr. Gordon Eichhorst, Aperios Partners • Mr. Michael Johns, Southern Research Institute (virtual) • Dr. Matt Mountain, Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy • Mr. David Neyland, Consultant • Mr. Jim Oschmann, Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. • Dr. Mary Ellen Weber, STELLAR Strategies, LLC 2 TI&E Committee Meeting Presentations November 10, 2015 • Space Technology Mission Directorate Update – Mr. Stephen Jurczyk, Associate Administrator, STMD • Technology Risk/Challenges Matrix for Humans to Mars and Discussion – Mr. Jason Crusan, Director, Advanced Exploration Systems, HEOMD – Mr. Jim Reuter, Deputy AA for Programs, STMD – Mr. William Gerstenmaier, AA, HEOMD • Chief Technologist Update – Dr. David Miller, NASA Chief Technologist • Agency Technical Capability Assessment Outcomes – Mr. Ralph Roe, NASA Chief Engineer 3 Elements of the Journey to Mars 2010 2020 Now Transition Decade 2030 LEGEND First Human Mars Missions Exploration Human LEO Transition & Cis‐Lunar Habitat Cross-Cutting Long duration human health & habitation build‐up including validation for Mars transit distances (Exploration/Technology/Scie nce) Mars Robotic Precursors Science Identify resources for ISRU, demonstrate round trip surface‐to‐surface capability Asteroid Redirect Mission Human operations in deep space Orion Enabling Crew Operations in Deep Space Space Launch System Traveling beyond low Earth orbit Commercial Cargo and Crew US companies provide affordable access to low earth orbit International Space Station Mastering Long duration stays in space Mars Exploration Program MRO, Curiosity, MAVEN, InSight, Mars 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Albert Einstein and Wernher Von Braun – the Two Great German-American
    Albert Einstein and Wernher von Braun – the two great German-American Physicists seen in a Historical Perspective FRIEDWARDT WINTERBERG, University of Nevada Reno. Abstract It was Albert Einstein who changed our view of the universe to be a non-Euclidean curved space-time. And it was Wernher von Braun who showed how to make the first step to take us into this universe, leaving the gravitational field of our planet earth, with the landing a man on the moon the greatest event in human history. Both these great physicists did this on the shoulders of giants. Albert Einstein on the shoulders of his German landsman Bernhard Riemann, and Wernher von Braun on the shoulders of Goddard and Oberth. Both Einstein and von Braun made a Faustian pact with the devil, von Braun by accepting research funds from Hitler, and Einstein by urging Roosevelt to build the atom bomb (against Hitler). Both of these great men later regretted the use of their work for the killing of innocent bystanders, even though in the end the invention of nuclear energy and space flight is for the benefit of man. Their example serves as a warning for all of us. It can be formulated as follows: “Can I in good conscience accept research funds from the military to advance scientific knowledge, for weapons developed against an abstract enemy I never have met in person?" Weapons if used do not differentiate between the scientist, who invented these weapons, and the non-scientist. In this short essay I will show that there are many surprising parallels in the life of Albert Einstein and Wernher von Braun, the two great German-American physicists who had a decisive influence on the history of the 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Greening Wildlife Documentary’, in Libby Lester and Brett Hutchins (Eds) Environmental Conflict and the Media, New York: Peter Lang
    Morgan Richards (forthcoming 2013) ‘Greening Wildlife Documentary’, in Libby Lester and Brett Hutchins (eds) Environmental Conflict and the Media, New York: Peter Lang. GREENING WILDLIFE DOCUMENTARY Morgan Richards The loss of wilderness is a truth so sad, so overwhelming that, to reflect reality, it would need to be the subject of every wildlife film. That, of course, would be neither entertaining nor ultimately dramatic. So it seems that as filmmakers we are doomed either to fail our audience or fail our cause. — Stephen Mills (1997) Five years before the BBC’s Frozen Planet was first broadcast in 2011, Sir David Attenborough publically announced his belief in human-induced global warming. “My message is that the world is warming, and that it’s our fault,” he declared on the BBC’s Ten O’Clock News in May 2006. This was the first statement, both in the media and in his numerous wildlife series, in which he didn’t hedge his opinion, choosing to focus on slowly accruing scientific data rather than ruling definitively on the causes and likely environmental impacts of climate change. Frozen Planet, a seven-part landmark documentary series, produced by the BBC Natural History Unit and largely co-financed by the Discovery Channel, was heralded by many as Attenborough’s definitive take on climate change. It followed a string of big budget, multipart wildlife documentaries, known in the industry as landmarks1, which broke with convention to incorporate narratives on complex environmental issues such as habitat destruction, species extinction and atmospheric pollution. David Attenborough’s The State of the Planet (2000), a smaller three-part series, was the first wildlife documentary to deal comprehensively with environmental issues on a global scale.
    [Show full text]
  • NASA Technical Memorandum 0000
    NASA/TM–2016-219182 Frontier In-Situ Resource Utilization for Enabling Sustained Human Presence on Mars Robert W. Moses and Dennis M. Bushnell Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia April 2016 NASA STI Program . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. advancement of aeronautics and space science. The Collected papers from scientific and technical NASA scientific and technical information (STI) conferences, symposia, seminars, or other program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain meetings sponsored or this important role. co-sponsored by NASA. The NASA STI program operates under the auspices SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, technical, or historical information from NASA organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates programs, projects, and missions, often NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program provides access concerned with subjects having substantial to the NTRS Registered and its public interface, the public interest. NASA Technical Reports Server, thus providing one of the largest collections of aeronautical and space TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. science STI in the world. Results are published in both English-language translations of foreign non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI scientific and technical material pertinent to Report Series, which includes the following report NASA’s mission. types: Specialized services also include organizing TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of and publishing research results, distributing completed research or a major significant phase of specialized research announcements and feeds, research that present the results of NASA providing information desk and personal search Programs and include extensive data or theoretical support, and enabling data exchange services.
    [Show full text]
  • EIR Executive Intelligence Review Special Reports
    EIR Executive Intelligence Review Special Reports The special reports listed below, prepared by the EIR staff, are now available. 1. Prospects for Instability in the Arabian Gulf 5. The Significance of the Shakeup at Pemex A comprehensive review of the danger of instabil­ EIR correctly forecast the political troubles of ity in Saudi Arabia in the coming period. Includes former Pemex director Jorge Diaz Serrano, and analysis of the Saudi military forces, and the in­ this report provides the full story of the recent fluence of left-wing forces, and pro-Khomeini net­ shakeup at Pemex.lncludes profile of new Pemex works in the country. $250. director Julio Rodolfo Moctezuma Cid, implica­ tions of the Pemex shakeup for the upcoming 2. Energy and Economy: Mexico in the Year 2000 presidential race, and consequences for Mexico's A development program for Mexico compiled energy policy. $200. jointly by Mexican and American scientists.Con­ cludes Mexico can grow at12 percent annually for 6. What is the Trilateral Commission? the next decade, creating a $100 billion capital­ The most complete analysis of the background, goods export market for the United States. De­ origins, and goals of this much-talked-about tailed analysis of key economic sectors; ideal for organization. Demonstrates the role of the com­ planning and marketing purposes. $250. mission in the Carter administration's Global 2000 report on mass population reduction; in the 3. Who Controls Environmentalism P-2 scandal that collapsed the Italian government A history and detailed grid of the environmental­ this year; and in the Federal Reserve's high ist movement in the United States.
    [Show full text]