PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor This was a strike about fairness.About a much as $60,000 a year. EDITORIAL government (after raising their own already hefty salaries) freezing the wages of their unionized employees. About a government Yes, this was a strike about fairness. Whil

They were supposed to fade in hours . . . that refuses to fulfil its commitment to pay the government used its power to legislal quickly abandon their picket lines and like equity, that is trying to block a human rights PSAC back to work, the arrogance and th docile 'servants' return to their desks. They tribunal'sinvestigationofa pay equity unfairness of the government's dealings wit were supposed to be grateful for their jobs . complaint. About a government thatis its employees will be long remembered ric

. .jobs that keep many women living below offering its lowest paid employees a 'signing only by union members but also by th larg the poverty line...and not protest a freeze bonus' of $500, when annual pay equity segment of the Canadian public that full on wages. adjustments should average $3,800. About supports PSAC. a government that offers a $500.00 bonus to But theydidnotfade. Rather,with an employee(readfemaleemployee) As feminists we should be supportive of ot determinationanddignityanda new earning $16,000 and nothingtounion sisters working in the public service -not jui awareness, members of the Public Service employees in the $30,000 to $60,000 range, supporting their demands but supportive i Alliance of Canada (PSAC) maintained a while giving managers and commissioners our solidarity as women working for fa strong, solid and very necessary strike until whose annual salary exceeds $200,000 (read treatment and change for the better in ot. they were legislated back to work. male employee) bonuses that could be as lives.

$$$$$$$$NEEDED$M$

As a group we are a delight.But our Northern Woman Journal Collective has slowly dwindled to four active members. (UPDATE!! We are now five. Welcome Chris!) We meet somewhere on Bay Street, and sometimes forage, sometimes struggle and sometimes succeed in our collective efforts to design and produce the Northern Woman Journal. There is always so much material to sift through, so many important conferences,information bulletinsand

. 52% OF THE VOTING POPULATION government reports to decipher .. and we do it with such enjoyment and purpose. The purpose of this Journal is to give this vital ARE WOMEN information, thought-provoking stories and this feminist knowledge a place. Ithas no Northern women milst make their sr.als.lahle other place. And for the moment, we find experience in the home, the workplace and ourselves with no money. We do not the community count in the Novembe purchase lavish furnishings for the Journal municipal elections. Office.In fact we only pay the rent.And Northern women have concerns aboutthe this month we can't even do that.I guess economy, the environment, quality of life what we are saying is ifit is time to renew issues and the education of our children. your subscription, now would be the best Northern women havethe right andthe time to do it. (You'll save $$ by doing it now. responsibility to make our voices heard. Startingnextissuesubscriptionrates Northern women must play-an important role increase.)Also, why not encourage a In the future of our northern communities- neighbour, friend or co-worker to subscribe? If you could, ANY sum of money as a Whenyour candidate calls, share your donation would be appreciated.This time concerns andask for their position on we really need it. And we are here to ask issues such as: child care; violence again, SEVENTEEN years later. against womenand children in the home and the community; women's access to THANK YOU employment; housing; support services for single parent families and older women and the economic future of the community. $$$$$$$$$ OUR VOTE WILL MAKE A DIFFERENCE ON NOVEMBER 12, 1991

Cover design: Courtesy of UBINIG: Policy Research for Development Alternatives, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Noreomftmari :Page;2= CHEERS AND HUGS FOR DECADE COUNCIL

FIFTEEN YEARS OF FEMINISTEXCELLENCE

by Margaret Phillips 1975 was (someofyoumayrecall) Newcomers to Thunder Bay often ask International Women's Year. The year to me about the women's movement in the north. I honour women, focus on women's issues, start with Decade.But how to define it? resolve the problems facing women.With Decade is: an activist, a catalyst, a network,a much rhetoric, considerable platitudity, and solid researcher, an advocate, someglitzy(and an information occasionallyoffensive) resource. But Decade also is a lifeline, promo, the government declared its support a sourceofinspiration,a safehome, a for women, and provided some token $ to supportive sister. promote (one-time) events, tours, activities during 1975. While the government assumed The political activist role that Decade playsis their obligation to women had been neatly easiest to explain.Through a variety of dealtwithbytheIWYinitiatives,they mechanisms - research, underestimatedthe reports,briefs, yearning and the workshops,conferences, etc., Decade has commitment of Canadian women for radical initiatied and supported actionon issues social, economic and political change. Rather including: pension reform, equalpay, women than politely saying thank you for the package and addictions, family property law, sexual and fading back into the kitchen, women took harassment, social assistance,women and the IWY initiatives as a starting point for the work, feminist counselling, women in trades formed. Major studies of women and work in on-going process of political action to address and technology, sex-role stereotyping,women Northwestern Ontario were undertakenin the inequities and injustices women and mentalhealth, women and decision 1978 and in 1989.Workshops have been experience. The Canadian response was making, cutbackstosocial programs, facilitatedacrosstheregion,andthe consistentwith women's reaction cutbacks to women's programs, the Canadian Committee has produced RUN TO WIN,a internationally, and the demand was made for constitution, Meech Lake, free trade and handbook for women seeking public office. a Decade for Women. privatization. If you are interestedin an issue... join with Decade Council to take Decade takes every opportunity to remind The Northwestern Ontario action. International politicians and political candidates that "52% Women's Year Council had formed inlate 1974 to ofthevotingpopulationarewomen". encourage some cohesion and Violence against women is frequently the first Through a variety of strategies purpose to this spurt of government IWY issue that women in the small communities of - all-candidates meetings,surveys, activity, ourregion "askyourcandidate and successfully coordinated the organizearound. Decade's brochures", Decade has engaged in non- Northwestern Ontario events. involvement and expertise in the movement to partisan election strategies. bringing women's end violence against women is recognized perspective t9 the political_ came together in early- 1976...some-80 regionellyi-provincially and -- agenclawm. Decade'sleadership re women from across the breadth and depth of violence issues ThenetworkingfunctionofDecade is NorthwesternOntarioto'evaluate'the includesorganizationaland development exemplary....and one to be reckoned with. A programs carried out by the International Year supportandtrainingtoevolvingand simple telephone call to the "network" can N.W.O.Council.As each activity or event established Transition Houses, as well as produce dozens of telegrams on a Cabinet was evaluated the overriding response was providing a strong analysis of the issue, and minister's desk in a matter of hours, and has "this is only a beginning... there is much more mobilizing collective efforts to ensure political resulted in positive action. to do.." action. Decade's public profile and accomplishments But who to do it? Women and economic development has also can betruly applauded. Butitisthe been a major focus for Decade. Spurred by intangible qualities of the organization that are The IWY Council, understandably exhausted the exclusion of women's experience and most meaningful as Janet and Charlotte from a hectic year, gave notice that they had perspective in the hearing and deliberations of describe in their articles.It is the sustenance, run out of energy... that someone else must theRoyal Commission on theNorthern the nurturing, the caring, thesafety,the 'do it' and threw the question of who to do it Environment in 1977, a Women and friendshipsthatremainswithus,and back to the assembled group.With great EconomicDevelopmentCommitteewas revitalizes us for our individual work. exuberance woman after woman (dozens of us) stood up and said "I'll do it".And thus, the Northwestern Ontario Women's Decade Council was born. ????????? ???????????????? In the intervening years Decade Council has evolved as anorganization - uniquein Ontario, if not Canada. Rooted in women's ENCOURAGEMENT AND INSPIRATION experience, Decade Council gives VOICE to Northwestern Ontario women (women of small towns and rural areas, as well as urban women).Through Decade, our voice, with by Charlotte Holm To me, the most graphic demonstration of strong analysis and clear vision, breaks the Decade Council's influence and support silence and eases the isolation. happened around the Ministry of Northern Development's "Family Violence" funding in I have very vivid memories of Decade As an associate of Decade over these fifteen 1987. Women's Place was theonly Council meetings, particularly duringthe years, but only occasionally an active Decade long and difficult (but ultimately successful) "questionable" applicant,and Decade worker, I believe I can objectively portray the Council members astounded the Ministry by struggle to establish services in Kenora for collectivelyoffering place Decade has in the feminist movement in abused women; about taking the midnight togiveuptheir allocationsin Northwestern Ontario.But, as I write this, it train to Thunder Bay and arriving at Decade order that we be funded. increasingly feels like a love letter to Leni and Council meetings discouraged, frustrated Thankfully, this sacrifice was not necessary, so many Decade women. And that's o.k., but the offer inspired the Ministry to search and exhausted. I recall the warmth and out a source of funding that allowed us to because many of us feel strongly emotional safety of being in a room full ofwomen about what Decade means - to our region, to whose strength, dedication and persistence purchase our building and to achieve, for the first time, a degree of stability. And what our organizations, to us individually. lent the encouragement and inspirationto a continue the struggle. party we had when Decade Council met in Kenora that year!

11111. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Notthern INOingn ,',Page 3 A SPIRIT OF LOVE AND RESPECT

to me that all energies there were goin by Janet Seekins toward sustaining the status quo.This wa the time of my involvement as a "region; The Northwestern Ontario Women's Decade rep."; and it was during this period I dre, Council has held a meaningful place in my life heavily upon the"Council"forperson; Our relationship has for all of its 15 years. sustenance and support.I played the part ( comprised of four distinctly separate periods apipelineofinformationto my hom itsown ofinvolvement...eachbringing community as I carried back news about th forpersonal satisfactionand opportunity latestissues on the feministroster an Decade maintains an office in Thunder Bay. commitment and growth. suggested ways that local groups could joi The Decade executive meets monthly and the battle.This was done with less tha As one of the group of women who initially Councilasa wholemeetsbi-monthly. satisfactory results because, with only a fe \ Northwestern Ontario women's groups and came together, I was stimulated by the exceptions, it seemed like my reports fell o individual women who subscribe to Decade's prospect of finally being able to take some deaf ears.Maintaining my enthusiasm wa goal "to improve the status of women in action that would not only recognize the difficult, and couldn't have been accomplishe Northwestern Ontario through the elimination accomplishments of Northwestern Ontario without the regular input and support th women; but would also give us a chance to of barriers to the full participation of women in "Decade" meetings providedforme. fillsome specific all spheres - economic, social and political" identifyand,hopefully, console myself now, in the knowledge the and to Decade's Statement of Unity (see needs. The thrill of our inaugural meeting is information-sharing is never wasted; and the still fresh in my mind as I recall the excitement sidebar), may become members of Decade more may have been listening than Irealize, of planning an International Women's Year Council. at the time. celebration.In retrospect I have to smile at our enthusisam at thhe prospect of spreading In order to take a more holistic approach After returning to Thunder Bay tolive, a mere $15,000 over a plethora of projects Decade Council changed its internal structure decidedto dedicate myenergies tl in 1990 and developed working groups to spanning a full 12 month period. How little supporting the "base of operation" for a whit we knew then; and how terrified we would replacetheirprevious sub-committee and took up responsibilities on the executive Readers interested in obtaining have been if we could have glimpsed the This experience afforded me a totally differer structure. lay more information about the working groups or workload and time commitment that perspective of the "Council".I was now in Council's overall activities should phone the ahead. position to not only observe and appreciate Decade office at 683-5662. the dynamically adept functioningofthe Thesefirstfewyears, aswegained organizing body; but I could recognize an( knowledge of the important issues concerning Intheir operation Decade Council follows honour the truly remarkable women who ha( women and the bureaucratic framework within these groundrules: contributed so much to its development.li which we had to operate to achieve our goals, addition to being in awe of the proficiency c were like an indoctrination for me. I learned it wasn't enough to be shocked and our organization, I was thrilled to observe hov " *Northern women are experts on their own that the main philosophy and general principles c horrified by the systemic barriers that kept lives. the original group were still incorporated into gainingequalrightsand women from each decision.It was exhilarating to see hov *The stating place for De'cade Council is opportunity in every role of My women's experience. eyes- were ,opened _to the real issues. of we had grown from our fledgling beginnings *The direction of the group is determined by Etie'rgies were flowing in all directions and ...words that I then women wanting to carry out work on their "power" and "control" issues (define their own work); planning for thought only related to personal relationships.felt truly privileged to be a part of both givinc I learned about government systems and what us; not plans for someone else to carry out. to and receiving from the source. *Activities should develop a skilled, active strategies had to be followed to even get the ear of those who could affect change. I constituency. Now things have once more changed. The *Activitiesshouldde-mystifypower discovered, too, how women with very littletime to step aside has come. There was structures for women. experience in speaking out publicly couldperiod when Icould not have imagined lif( withDecadE *Leadership -issues and organizational- is a quickly draw upon their outrage to confrontwithoutdirectinvolvement shared responsibility. anyone who stood in the way of our goals.Council but I have moved over into a placE It never occurred to me, then, that thingsof contentment to "bask in the afterglow" From these groundrules we have formed a wouldn't change; or that it would take some Now Ican enjoy a wonderful knowing tha th( team whose experience cannot be negated, years to bring about even slight movementwomen are carrying on the fight; and that because each of us owns our experience. on some issues.It was a time of great hope spirit of love and respect still, mysteriously and commitment. flows among all those that are doing the work I draw from i By defining our participation and direction, we I know its there because I remember the issues, the work have insured commitment." When Ileft Thunder Bay for the Rainy River regularly. I remembe (History of NWO Decade Council) District I felt like I was severing my lifeline and the laughter and the tears. loveandacceptancean going into a political wasteland. unconditional It appeared understand why "Decade" has played such ...page 5. continued big part in my life.I also know that we can b( apart andstillsupport each other. WI 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 "Decade" women have shared an experience that has touched us all in a very special way and the bonds between us will last forever. NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO WOMEN'S DECADE COUNCIL a STATEMENT OF UNITY a As a feminist organization we believe in the dignity of womanhood, thevalue of women's work, the voice ofa women as experts on our own lives and equalitythrough freedom of choices.

As feminists we recognize and cherish our herstory, the individuals'experience and we also affirm the female associated values of caring, nurturing, respect, sharing and we respectfullychallenge and confront ourselves and each other in our diverse learning processes. As feminists we are committed to the equality of all people. a As feminists we believe that all people must be free to develop to their fullpotential and wesupport thea efforts for self-determination of people from all countries. a a Our strength is in our commitment to collectivity in decision making, lobbyingand support. Our vision challenges the very essence of a male defined political, economic andsocial system which we struggle to redesign not simply to find a place in. a We start with ourselves - living it.

a PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor BREAD AND ROSES

Decade puts into practice the woman's age- Those of us long associated withDecade old rallying theme know, of course, that the heart and spirit of "give us bread, but give us roses".Many Decade CouncilrestswithLeniUntinen, Northwestern Ontario women have been filled Decade's long-termstaffperson. As a with joy on receiving a rose and thank you community activist, when I need help or from Decade for tasks accomplished or risks encouragement it is to Leni I turn. Whether I takenforthebenefitof women. And need resource assistance, clarity of analysis, Decade's celebrations are marvellous fun,the facilitation expertise, mobilization help, or just early International Women's Day gatherings, a shoulder to cry on the first person I, and the 50 and 60 Years a Person celebrations scores of other NWO activists callisLeni. bring fond memories. The support and friendship that Leni gives to our organizationscollectively,and tous Throughout the years Decade Council has individually, is something I treasure deeply. been blessed with the commitment, energy andexpertiseofmany women. The We giveresoundingcheersasDecade numerous volunteer members of the Decade celebrates its 15th birthday.But Decade is executive, Council and working groups who not resting on its laurels.Right now Decade have devoted countless hours to improve the is busy finalizingits plans for an exciting status of Northwestern Ontario women. The conference WOMEN UNITING FOR CHANGE: staff members - past and present - whose skill Listening, Learning, Speaking Out, to be held and commitment aresuchawonderful November 1- 3, 1991. resource. And I would particularly recognize Thank you Decade Council for fifteen years of Dawn St.Amand, whosedown-to-earth wisdom and perseptiveness made Decade a feminist excellence. Good luck with all your future endeavours. welcome home for many new women.

What to do ina Sexual Harassment Emergency

1. KNOW: If something that is said or done to you makes you feel uncomfortable, know that respectful flirtation and compliments don't make you feel uncomfortable, but sexual harassment does.

2. SAY: Simply tell the person, "What you are doing makes me uncomfortable." Perhaps describe in words what is happening while it is happening- for example, "You have your hands on my shoulders" or "This is the third time today that you have brushed against my body when you walked by."

3. FIND: Obtain a definition of sexual harassment, circle the part that describes what the harasser is doing to you, and leave it in the harasser's mailbox; or, write a description of what the harasser is doing and deliver it to the harasser's office.

4. TELL Your co-workers should be told what is happening to you, because most harassers have more than one victim.

5. REPORT:Find out if your workplace, institution, or employee association has a sexual harassment officer, and report the incident to them.

For copies of this poster:

Women Students' Sexual Harassment Caucus Department of Applied Psychology Ontario Institute for Studies in Education 252 Elinor Street West Toronto. Ontario M5S 1V6 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Nort ,P4,90.0 RAPE SHIELD LAW STRUCKDOWN

by Doreen Boucher the Supreme Court judged that a law that infer consent on her part to the assau prevents a judge and jury from getting to the issue at hand, nor is she to be considere In August of 1991, the Supreme Court of truth by excluding relevant evidence "runs less truthful in regards to her accusatic Canada struck down Section 276 of the afoul of our fundamental conceptions of that a sexual assault took place.In pla Criminal Code. This section, referred to as justice and what constitutes a fair trial". language, they aren't to hold it against he the "Rape Shield", prevented the introduction of evidence regarding a victim's past sexual The court said that the 1983 law infringed on Right! That ought to do it. history. an accused man's constitutional right to life, liberty and security of the person and to a When you take issue number one ar At the same timeit upheld Section 277, fair trial.(emphasis mine) combineitwith issue number two, yc which disallows introducing such evidence of cannot help thinking that the Supreme Cm sexualreputation"forthepurposeof To modify or mollify, perhaps, the impact of has an unrealistic impression of our societ challenging or supporting the credibility of removing Section 276, Section 277 was It seems that in the interim, between tt the complainant". upheld. In addition, the Supreme Court introduction of the rape shield in 1983, to tt providedguidelinesforallowingsexual overturning of the law in 1991, we all di( Confused? Sound somewhat contradictory? history evidence. They are: and woke up in equality heaven. Let's start from the beginning. 1) evidence of sexual conduct cannot be used to make the complainant (victim) seem These esteemed judges frankly don't see In 1983, parliament amended the Criminal more likely to consent or less worthy to be to have a grip on reality.Their decisior Code torestrict questioning by defense believed. suggest that we livein a society whe lawyers regarding an alleged victim's sexual 2) the evidence can be admitted only on the women are treated equal to men. Itals. history. discretion of thetrialjudge, who must suggests that judges, defense lawyers, ju decideitissocrucialto showing the members, even crownattornies rema Prior to this legislation rape victims could be defendant'sguiltorinnocencethatit untouched by sexist biases.There isr "interrogated"astotheirpastsexual outweighsanyprejudicetowardthe recognition of any power imbalance in o experience(s) not because it was relevant to complainant. society. the case, but rather, becauseitcreated 3) the arguments for and against using the prejudicetowardthevictimand her evidence must be conducted in a voir dire The directive from the judge to the jury credibility in the minds of the judge and jury. (trial within a trial) which excludes the jury. supposed to wipe from the minds of k 4) if the evidence is allowed, the judge must people centuries of socialization, ideas ar The underlying belief system in the old warn the juryit must not be taken to beliefs that women ask to be raped becaul common law rules inferred that women of indicate consent by the complainant or an of their actions and demeanor; enjoy beir "unchaste" character most likely consented indication her testimony is less reliable. abused; or are vindictive people and not to the alleged assault.Bluntly speaking, if (emphasis mine) be trusted because of their nature. she didn't say no before, why would she say no this time?Historically, the laws were Two SupremeCourtjudges,Madame I have witnessed, in court, defense iawye clearly intended to protect women of "pure Justice Claire L'Heureaux Dube and Justice playing up these negative attitudes abo and virtuoua" character, not those of "easy" CharlesGonthier opposed themajority women which would prejudice the judge ar character.In medieval times, women who decision. Madame L'Heureaux Dube wrote jury agatrist theViCial. Thiz does ricel riar were "untouched" fetched a higher price. theminoritydecision, which has been to be done in high drama as depicted They were worth more, they were more described as a "stingingdissent". Her television or movies, nor does it necessar believable. opposing arguments will be referred to later havetoconcentrate on her sexu in this article. behaviour. Itis often done, very subtl Section 276 prevented introduction of such through inference or innuendo. evidence, but did not entirely exclude I have been involved in the issue of violence "How do you behave when you have had evidence of a woman's sexual history.For for 15 years.As a counsellor and court few drinks?" example, if she had slept with the accused advocate of sexualassault victims,the "You went out drinking with a girl friend ar on previous occasions this evidence was Supreme Court decision created a strong left your kids with a sitter? Do you do tt- admissable.If she had slept with someone reactioninme. My initialresponse of often?" prior to the assualt, for forensic evidence outrage turned to incredulity as I read more clarification, this could be included in court on the decision. Thistacticiscomparable tosublimir testimony,i.e.her consensual partner's advertising. sperm was present as well as the assailant's Three major problems stemming from this sperm. decision were immediately apparent: Similarly, defense lawyers plant negati' 1) the discretion of judges: messages about the victim, particularly The recent overturn of Section 276 came Trial judges have been known to hold the those things that we are taught to ha about when two men, charged with sexual common beliefs and distrust of women's about women. They wish to instill doubt assault, challenged the section, claiming behaviours, motives and sexuality. To to credibilty based on the prejudices Iowa they would not receive a fair trial unless their assumethata judgecan weighthe her sex. And they often succeed. lawyers could question fully the two women importance of past sexual history who had accused them. They contended unemcumbered by sexist beliefs is incredibly Inferences,subtleorotherwise,will 1 that Section 276 prevented introduction of naive. retained by judge and jury.It will not 1 the women's past sexual history, which forgotten, especially when it plays into tl violated their rights under the Constitution. Madame Justice Claire L'Heureaux Dube belief systems commonly held. To expe Supporting them in this challenge was the wrote, in herminoritydecision,that that we would refrain from judging them Canadian Civil Liberties Association.This Parliament enacted Section 276 becauseit sexualhistoryishopelesslynaivear group added their voice that the rape shield did not trust judges to make the ignorant of human behaviour. law prevented some people accused of correct decisions. She went on to state sexual assault from mounting a full defense that sexism exhibited by some trial judges Madame McLachlin, however, disagree and getting a fairtrial. It was, in their was the reason the rape shield provision "The ideas that a complainant's credibil opinion,aviolationofthedefendant's was adopted. "Parliament was faced with a might be affected by whether she has constitutional rights. historical record which demonstrated that other sexual experiences is to6 this discretion was abused and exercised in universally discredited. There is no logic The majoritydecision(7-2),writtenby a discriminatory fashion by trial judges and or practical link between a woman's semy Madame JusticeBeverlyMcLachlin,in with overwhelming social science research reputation and whether she is a truth, essence agreed with this argument. The that say things have not changed." witness.Evidence of sexual conduct ar Supreme Court struck down Section 276. (emphasis mine) reputation in itself cannot be regarded While praising the objectives of the old law, logicallyprobativeofeither th McLachlin stated thatit went too far "In Anyone can sit through a sexual assault trial complainant's credibility or consent. Ti seeking to abolish the outmoded sexist- or indeed, read the newspaper to find twin myths which Section 276 sought biased use of sexual conduct evidence the examples of this. eradicate have no place in a rationalar law overshoots themark and renders just system of law" (emphasis mine) inadmissableevidencewhichmaybe 2)If the judge decides to admit sexual essential to the presentation of legitimate history evidence, he/she is instructed to defenses and hence to a fair trial".Further, warn the jury that this evidence does not PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page 6 Madame Justice McLachlin has a lot of trust for sexual assault to see that the system is in the system, in the idea that sexist beliefs working, for the accused, that is. do not penetrate the hallowed hallsof justice.Sexism and racism, as we know, Opening the doors to admit sexual history are not rational, logical or just.It makes provides rapists and defense lawyers with me wonder what life in a bubble feels like. more ammunition against the victims. Yet, HAT we are told that the system will be fairer to 3) Criminal Defense/Lawyers both sides. PART OF There has been a lot of reaction to the Supreme Court decision.Many women's Alan Borovoy, head of the Canadian Civil ("NA 4C2110 groups have blasted the decision. However, LibertiesAssociationwouldlikeusto there are some, including sexual offenders (I believe, when he stated "It strikes a better DON T YOU surmise) and the Canadian Civil Liberties balance between the rights of the accused Association who applaud this decision. and the rights of victims." UNDERSTAND _4 My contention is there was never a balance 0I Take, for example, the comments of the in the first place, the rights of the accused president of Criminal Lawyers Association of far outweighed the rights of the victim. Ontario, Brian Greenspan. He was quoted assayingthat women shouldnot be In the words of Madam L'Heureaux Dube concerned about defense lawyers raising "Rape myths still present their sexual history in court. formidable UPDATE After all,he obstacles for complainants in their dealings says "Society no longer tolerates rude cross with thevery systemcharged with In a press release of August 27, 1991, examination of rape victims about their discovering the truth. sexual lives or reputation." From the making of Attorney General Howard Hampton and the initial complaintdown to the Anne Swarbrick, Minister Responsible for determination of the issue at trial, stereotype Women's Issues called on Federal Justice He contendsthat"cross-examininga and mythology are at work, lowering the Minister Kim Campbell to swiftly explore woman on unchasteness or reputation is an number of reported cases, influencing police legislative safeguards to protect women in unsuccessful technique. Lawyers don't do decisionstopursue thecase,thereby it anymore". (emphasis mine) decreasing the rates of arrest, and finally the wake of last week's Supreme Court decision to strike down "Rape Shield" distorting the issues at trial and, necessarily, provisions in the Criminal Code. Well, he should be informed that from 1983- the results. Itis clear that most sexual history of a rape victim is irrelevant once the 1991 they did not have the authority to do it, We have to reverse this setback", said Ms. but it wasn't for the lack of trying. mythical basis of relevancy determinations in the law is revealed." Swarbrick. Women have worked long and hard to demonstrate that a victim's past So why isit that I don't feel reassured by sexual history simply isn't relevant in a The impact on sexual assault victimsis Greenspan's words?Moreover why do I sexual assault case. Too often society sense that women have been patted on the numerous. One thing is abundantly clear, this decision will silence rape victims. blames women for the violence that is head, warned not to over-react (so typical, perpetrated against us - there are real risks right?) and worry not, the boys will takecare in leaving this open to the discretion of of it. Every sexual assault victim I have worked with feared the court system as much as the individual judges." rapist. Victims will not be willing to put their Greenspan continues "it was counter life up to public scrutiny. Having been raped "I am concerned that sexist beliefs and productive for women's groups to cry was injurious enough without adding insult stereotypes continue to exist in the justice havoc because the ruling allows ample provided by the court process. One victim system," said Mr. Hampton. "We must protection from abusive sexual was quoted and she said it so succinctly ensure that women who are victims of questioning". "Looks like the boys have won again". sexual assault are treated fairly on the witness stand and in the justice system in If you wish to voice your opinion: general." And "If you take a practical look at how this 1) write to Justice Minister Kim Campbell changes things, it changes things very little". 2) write local MPs and MPPs The Ministers will detail their concerns in a 3) let the Supreme Court judges know how letter to the federal Justice Minister. Uhh, Huh. That is precisely what we should you view their decision. be concerned about. The Minister of the Attorney General will consult with groups such as the National On afinalnote, I would finditvery interesting if, after a few cases have been Action Committee on the Status of Women, the Women's Legal Education In Summary tried without the rape shield, a group of victims were to approach the Canadian Civil and Action Fund, the Ontario Native I have come across as distrustful of the Women's Association, the Congress of intentions of judges or defense lawyers and Liberties Association to take on their case. That being that the Constitution has violated Black Women and Metro Action I do not apologize for this. There are some Committee on Public Violence Against excellent judges who haveinsight and their rights to life, liberty, security of their person and to a fair trial. Women and Children on possible new empathy toward victims of crime. Likewise federal legislation as well as measures there are lawyers who would not stoop to which can be put in place at the provincial demeaning the victim. Unfortunately, in my level. experience, they are a minority. Doreen Boucher is the Executive Director of the Thunder Bay Physical and Sexual Assault Crisis Centre Prior to the abolishment of Section 276, the "We already know that only a small foundation of the law and its immediate percentage of assaulted women report safeguards have more than adequately these crimes," said Ms. Swarbrick. "The protected the accused rights: "Innocent until Supreme Court of Canada decision has proven guilty" "Let nine guilty people go free been a further blow to our confidence that rather thanconvict one innocent man" it's safe to come forward." "Beyond a reasonable doubt." You treat my rape like a scraped knee; "Within the justice system we will do In sexual assault cases, the issue at hand is if I'm not so careless everything to counter this situation. We almost always one of consent, whether the and watch where I'm going will be examining policies and procedures victim did or did not agree to the sexual it won't happen. such as specialized training and education, contact. Additionally there is the issue of the I'm dirty and ashamed and so ways to protect the privacy of victims, and defense of "honest but mistaken belief", in scared inside ways to keep past sexual history out of the which the accused can argue that he "really" but you see no cuts courts," said Hampton."It is up to believed she was consenting. and don't even offer a band- everyone at all levels to ensure that women aid. are equally protected by the justice system You know the concept.She said no, but He raped my body which is meant to serve them." there was yes, yes in her eyes. you rape my mind. ************************************ Protection for the accused, and especially Rodene Zimmer sexual offenders was more than adequate prior to the overturn of Section 276. One has only to look at the low conviction rate PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page 1 IN SEARCH OF BALANCED PERSPECTIVES AND GLOBAL SOLIDARITY FOR WOMEN'S HEALTH AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS

by Sylvia Estrada-Claudio But there are historical differences in the In Russia and Eastern Europe before the healthcaresystemsthathavebeen great changes ofthe late 1980's, established in the advanced capitalist states inadequaciesin the health care system We have thought up this theme because of and those in the third world.In its home reflected the obstacles met by the people in a shared conviction that there is a need to states capitalism has been forced to provide achieving the socialist goal of instituting promote the discord of third world women in health care services to appease workers genuine economic and political democracy. the international women's health movement. demands; to prolong the productivity of As people in these countries have gained skilled workers; to find the correct balance theirvoices becauseoftheincreased The international feminist movement, between preventative and curative medicine democratic space, we have seen how issues includingitshealth component, has not that would not unduly burden its welfare of race, class and nationality were stillat happened in a vacuum.It has happened in system. play in these societies and therefore, in the a world where there are dominant countries health care system. and cultures, a world where there are In the neo-colonies, however, the demands dominant traditionsofscholarship and of the populace for adequate health care Regardless of the wide differences in the theory.Unintentionally, perhaps inevitably, and other basic services have been met not healthcaresystemsofthesocialist it has been the life conditions of women in with appeasement, but withrepression. countries, however, what is obvious is that the first world, their struggles and their Because the neo-colonies are a source of whatever liberation results from the effort at interpretations of reality that have dominated cheap and unskilled labour, there is no need disassociating a society and its health care early efforts. to prolong life nor increase the productivity system from the world capitalist system of individual workers.In the third world, does not translate automatically into the But we must not replicate among us the health care is only available to a small elite liberation of women from sexism in health prevailing world order of subservient and who mustserveas theoverseersof care. oppressive relations among cultures and imperialist hegemony. For the large number nations. To avoid this, we must give of the third world population, there has been Theexperiencesof women worldwide affirmation to the voices of women, who an absolute lack of health care throughout remind third world women that our struggle because of structural inequalities that are at modern history.For even as colonialism for health care must be comprehensive. Our play within our ranks, are unlikely to be has murdered indigenous, oftentimes female call for increased health care coverage must heard. traditions and skills in health care, it has not simultaneously be a call for a health care replacedthiswithanythingbutthose system that is non-sexist, non-racist, non- This is not an easy task.There is a wide elements of westernized health care that are colonial and genuinely caring. diversity of experiences and realities even disempowering, profitmaking, or both. among the women of the third world. Those THE EXPLOITATION OF WOMEN'S of us who stiffer from colonialization know Our struggles for better health therefore, PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE very wellthat lo univertalizts-adr-own- Because even as we consider issues of experiences as thoseof a mythical singularity call the "Third World" fall into the quality and control over health care, we are The lack of state-provided health care in the same trap of dominating others. And yet, if faced with the more fundamental task of third world is premised on the exploitation of we are to arrive at genuine solidarity of providing services where there are none. women, the task of providing care for their women's voices in resistance that would This leads to very real dilemmas such as families becomes the privatized nightmare of topple the world patriarchal order, then we whether it is in the interest of women to seek poor women.It is these women who must must give full play to this diversity. the expansion of westernized and patriarchal expend so much effort and endure so much government services to the rural areas or to pain to provide even the most basic of DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH CARE have nothing at all needs. Itis women who must work long SYSTEMS hours to get water, food and cooking fuel. The experiences of women in the socialist It is women who must face the humiliation of There are indeed fundamental differences in countriesareparticularlyintrusivewith begging for medical service for themselves the situations of women worldwide. When regards to alternative visions for those of us and their families from the token health we speak of the third world, we do not working in the neo-colonial states. We know institutions that are available. speak of geographical boundaries. The that the ascendancy of an avowedly non- majority of women in the neo-colonies and capitalist state does not necessarily translate Furthermore, high birth rates are a testimony large numbers of those in the industrialized into better health care for the population. to the fact that women of the third world nations suffer in conditions that result from The quality and coverage of the health care must reproduce more so that there will be the interwoven effects of nations, race, class systemhavevariedevenin socialist enough who will survive the negligence and and gender oppression.. countries for a number of reasons. inhumanity that has ledtohighinfant mortality rates.And those of our children For the majority of women the quest for We have seen how inNicaragua, the who survive, especially the women, are health is intimately tied up with the struggle commendable gains in health care carried taken intom_ultinational ventures such as to end overwhelming poverty brought about out by the Sandinista government were plantations, garments and electronics by the unjust international economic order. eroded by the total was unleashed on the industries.There, the lack of occupational There are wide differences in the country by US imperialism. We know that health and safety infrastructure, job security, expenditures of these women as compared the health care system in Nicaragua was a adequate pay and other forms of worker to their more fortunate sisters in terms of particular target of this war. protection lead to their severe exploitation. It is not unusual to hear stories of women access to the most basic of services- workers who have spent their teenage and education, basic sanitation, adequate water early adulthood in these industries and who supply, decent housing, adequate maternal in their late twenties are discharged after care, child support systems. We have noted havingdevelopedseriouswork-related with enthusiasm the struggle of our sisters in disabilities.At this young age, they are the so-called developed countries for a unemployedand becausetheyhave redefinition of the health care system that become otherly-abled, will unlikely find future would end medical control over women's employment. bodies. We can appreciate their efforts at curtailing the profiteering that is passed off Yet if the conditions of third world women in by the health care establishment as medical the factories of transnational corporations is expertise and technology. We are aware of appalling, it is worse fordomestic the fact that state financial support of the outworkerswhodopiecemeal, patriarchal state has imposed its subcontractual work in garments and other technologies on women's bodies even as it cottage industries. Because the work is ignores their well-being. done in the home, the protection that could

PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page 8 be afforded by labour unions seeking the Whether we speak in the context of the including feminist groups to provide these enforcement of whatever minimum wage, struggleswithinthenationsor on an services, the net result has been disastrous occupational health and safety and other internationalscale, the liberationof one forlarge numbers of women and their protective laws is lost.In these situations, woman must continue to be premised on families. the extreme undervaluation of their labour the liberation of all. forces women and even their children to The implications of an unwanted pregnancy work dangerously long hours for a pittance. POPULATION PROGRAMS AND for the majority of Philippine women are REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS affected by their poverty and powerlessness. It is in a literal sense therefore that we say The lack of contraceptiveservices, the that women are sacrificed to profit in the Population programs are another major form influence of a culture that places the entire third world.The local ruling elite in client ofcontrolover women'sbodiesand burden of fertility control on women, and the states following IMF-WB dictates seeks to reproductivecapacities worldwide. But absence of knowledge about sexuality, have attract foreign investments by offering cheap racist considerations are at the core of this contributed to a large number of women anddocilelabour. Transnational patriarchal power exercise.It is the poor of being trapped in a never-ending cycle of corporations and the state assume that the third world that are the most likely to pregnancy andchildbirththathas had women workers are particularly suited to suffer from the most abusive and coercive disastrous consequences.Large numbers work in dull and labour intensive areas such aspects of these programs. Itis the poor of these women die because of unsafe as garments and electronics because of and the colored who are extremely likely to abortions.Additionally, the birth of each women's superior manual dexterity, docility be thesubjectofforcedsterilizations, new child reduces the resources for survival and willingness to accept less pay.This unethical biomedicaltesting and the of families already living below the poverty imposed docility of women workers isin marketing of unsafe contraceptive line. truthinstitutedandmaintained by a technologies.It is in fact, poor women who repressivestatemachinery. Inexport must bear the burden of having their fertility Some of these pro-natalist groups claim to processing zones in the Philippines and faulted for the poverty that is brought about be pro-women, even feminist, yet they are other countries like Pakistan, Malaysia and by social injustice and imperialist guilty of insensitivity to the heartbreaking Mexicohowever, womenhaveshown exploitation. stories of thousands of women about the strength and courage in various forms of effects of unwanted pregnancies. Similarly, resistance. The continuing struggles of The hypocrisy of patriarchal concern for even as they claim to be nationalistin these women workers, and women workers women's health that is now being used as a opposing imperialist control and hypocrisy everywhere, are pushing the lie to patriarchal rationale for population controliseasily over population programs, they nonetheless propaganda about women's passivity. More discernible.Because even as women are fail to see theconnection between importantly,theirefforts are a vital exhorted to use contraceptives for their patriarchal control over women's bodies and component of the worldwide struggle against health,theready access tosafeand imperialist hegemony. capitalist patriarchy. effective contraception guided by informed choice does not exist for poor women. The struggle to uphold the reproductive But the super-exploitation of third world Furthermore,weare stigmatizedand rights of women in socialist states on the women has not just taken place within our punished for demanding our rights to safe other hand, is also extremely difficult.This nationalboundaries. InthePhilippine and legal abortions as a means of exersizing shows us that it is the framework in which experience for example, we are seeing the ultimatecontroloverourreproductive the contraceptive technology is used and increasing feminization of migrant labour functions. not just its availability, which determines its along with the increasing exploitation which impact on women. Male controlled states includes various forms of sexual violence. Fertilitymanagementservices are withdraw orprovidecontraceptive Whether they are women whose marriages fundamental to ensuring the health and technology depending on their particular Crave been arranged through agencies, reproductive rights of women. The provision political ends to the detriment of women's women whohavebeenforced into of these services, including access to safe bodies. prostitution, domestic workers, or nurses, abortions carried out in an atmosphere of overseas work has taken on the character of respect for women's dignity and moral In the interests of the "one-child-policy" of reproductive work for third world migrant agency, are necessary to the exercise of the People's Republic ofChina, women. women's reproductive rights. contraceptive technology, including abortion, is indeed accessible. This accessibility has Whethertheformtaken is thatof been coupled with the most coercive laws government-sponsored export of women's and measures that ensure that couples will labour power or that of the more sinister have only one child. The result has been to workingsofinternationalwhiteslavery place women's bodies on the line because syndicates, the international economic order of severe restriction of their fertility. Coupled throughbanks,airlines,communication with the use of technology for pre-natal sex enterprises and travel agencies profit from determination,there have been ahigh the saleof women's bodies. Through number of abortions especially of female enforced double taxation of migrant workers, fetuses. thirdworldgovernmentshaverealized tremendous profits from women who must On the other extreme, we have noted with seek the means to the survival of their horror,the excesses of the Ceaucescu families in foreign countries. Freedom of Choice regime in Roumania where women were reduced to mere baby producers. The An analysis of the international circulation of Liberte de choix Ceaucescu government not only denied women's bodies and their labour highlights contraception and especially, abortion,it the interrelations of patriarchy and also used the powers of the police state to capitalism.In the health care system for impose and monitor pregnancies on women. example, it is the undervalued labour of third Itis on the issue of contraception and While they continue to blame poverty and world women that isallowing first world abortion rights that women most clearly see environmentaldegradationon women's governments to drastically cut expenditures the intricate and intimate relations between fertility, population dictators nevertheless see while preserving the profits of the drug and patriarchalstate and patriarchalreligion. the need to encourage, and in some cases medical technology industries that comes Third world women struggling for the right to force, those they consider "superior" women fromstatesupportedhealthcareand autonomy over their bodies, inevitably realize to givebirth. Oftentimes, superiorityis preventing the overly rapid decline of health thepower thatfundamentalistreligious determined by the whiteness of one's skin, service coverage. hierarchies exercise over a compliant state. although the experience of Japanese women should alert us to the fact that there is more Capitalism in the industrialized world has In the Philippines, pro-natalist groups have to racism than the arbitrary valuation of been built on the arrogation by men of consistentlyopposedcontraceptive genetically determined differences. women'sproductive and reproductive technologies especially abortion. These labour. But the never ceasing crisis brought groups have reinforced the opposition of the THE ENVIRONMENT, GENETIC about by thecapitalistdevelopmentis Roman Catholic hierarchy to the ENGINEERING AND REPORDUCTIVE leading to the increasing use of third world government's meagre efforts at providing TECHNOLOGY migrant women to bolster the economy of contraceptive services for women. The the imperialist nations within their national influence of the Roman Catholic Church and Equally hypocritical is the concern of the boundaries. This situation reminds us again thesegroupshaveeffectivelynullified population program mainstream over the that we cannot achieve liberation for only whatever aid government could have offered issueof environmental degradation and onegroup,sector,class,ofwomen. to women.In the light of the still limited increased population. Funded by the World capacities of the non-governmental sector, Bank and the USAID, the population control

PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page 9 statusquo is unabletoadmitthat their lesbianism as a political option and that Itis a reality that while all of us share o multinationalcorporations using the self-identification in this sense is essential to gender oppression, many of us find ourselvr technology spawned by patriarchal science, political action. in circumstances that permit us to bene are still the major cause of environmental from other formsof oppression again degradation.Various industries including But we must seek a political construction of women. mining and logging continue to exploit and lesbianism that can be validated across all pollute the increasingly scarce resources of societies. We know that gender categories Thereisa need forus torealizehe the third world.In the struggle for land, can vary markedly across cultures. We do heterosexual women have participated in tf multinationalcorporationshave not deny the role that patriarchy plays in the prejudice against lesbian women; how whi disenfranchisedindigenous communities construction of gender in almost all cultures. women have participatedin the prejudic from ecosystems that they have developed But we suggestthatprevailingcultural against colored women; how women of tt over several generations. This has resulted definitions are one starting point from which first world and members of ruling elites haN intheemigrationoftheseindigenous we construct our political options. If this is so, participated in the economic exploitation communities to other areas with resultant theneffortsatinternationalcooperation thirdworldwomen;how womenfro pressures on the overall ecological balance. among lesbians must take into consideration dominant cultures tend to universalize the Inits advocacy of economic policies that the differing cultural and material conditions experiences and thereby deny the reality promote imperialism,capitalistagencies that lead to gendered constructions of human others; how the intellectuals among us CE such as the IMF and World Bank have types. As a more immediate step, we fall into the trap of allowing decontextualizE promoted a model of development that has encourage deeper sharing and understanding discourse to divide us over interpretations resultedinlargediscrepanciesinthe between lesbians and third world women a reality that cannot be decontextualized; ho economic development between urban and coming from various cultural backgrounds the non-academics among us stand intt- rural areas in many third world countries. and who, for whatever reasons, do not identify way ofnecessary theorizingbyinsistir themselves as lesbians. always on the primacy of praxis. Laying the blame for the sad state of the world'senvironment onthefertilityof VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND We seek balanced perspectives because \A. women, isan ideological distortion that MILITARISM know only too well that we do come frog denies the fact that it is women, concerned differing perspectives and standpoint as they are with the nurturing of life in its There is a single continuum that spans the Genuine global solidarity can be gained frog variety and interconnection, that are the violence that men do to the environment, the a dynamic interaction between first and thir most potent threat to the economic order violence of militarism, the hidden violence world persepctives on the issues of women that iis violating nature and life. committedagainstindividual women by health and reproductive rights.In order to d individualmen. Patriarchalcontrolof this we must struggle to develop a third worl Indeed in its most advance form, patriarchal women'sbodies and sexuality as persepective and framework, that would stan science has threatened the very nature of institutionalized in modern day families, is the as counterpoint to the fast-developing and fin reproduction and the integrity of all life. The bedrock upon which stands a dominant male world tradition. We need to emphasize that technology ofreproductive and genetic political culture that legitimizes militarism and third world perspective and framework mu: engineering is already threatening the health fascism worldwide. come from third-world women themselves and integrity of women in all nations. Taken from their own traditions of struggle an within the context of racist and national The malepoliticalideology provides the knowledge, from their own interpretations oppression, it can bring untold misery to the rationalization for the militarism and fascism their present realities and their aspirations fc women of the third world. and the creation of global war machineries. the future. In our country, US military bases serve as the The already..brisk trade of babies from the staging point for war within the region and are third world to the first world is acquiring a a source of nuclear threat to our own people. more horrendous character with reports of These bases have also brought with them Sylvia Estrada-Claudio is a medical doctor the establishment of "baby farms".These untold suffering to the women in the base activein women's healthissuesinthe farms offer the bodies of poor third world communities. Philippines, and member of the GABRIELA women as surrogate mothers who will surely commission on Women's Health. agree to these arrangements as a result of Prostituted women and children suffer from economic need rather than genuine choice. every conceivable form of sexual violence and Because of their economic despair, we can oppression at the hands of US servicemen. alsoseethatthirdworld women are There has been no adequate protection from increasingly the source of ovaries, wombs sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS, and other body parts that are necessary to whichcametothebasethrough US the continuation of research and medical servicemen. activities that have resulted from genetic and reproductiveengineering. The While violence from the state is a reality for dismemberment and alienation of women's women everywhere, it must be noted that the bodies inthisway addyetanother level of repression is much higher in the neo- WOMEN'S ARCHIVES dimension to the violence committed against colonies where severe economic exploitation women. evokes resistance whichinturnrequires The CanadianWomen's Movement military repression. Archives/Archives canadiennes du SEXUALITY AND LESBIANISM movement des femmes is compiling a guide Rape, arbitrary arrest and detention, summary totherecordsofthecontemporary execution, and torture are but a few of the Canadianwomen'smovement. This In its most intimate form the male ideology of human rights violations suffered by countless power and violence seeks todictate on women who have dared to merge their bilingual guide, to be published in 1992, will women's sexuality by trappingitinto the help scholars and activists locate records struggle for women's emancipation with the (i.e. minutes,reports,correspondence, narrow confines of a heterosexism that must struggle for national sovereignty. besanctionedbystate and religion. photographs, posters,etc.)of the many Heterosexism has denied women so much women's groups which have existedin It must be pointed out that although each Canada since 1960. happiness and pleasure and has brought woman deals with the minute details of a upon us instead untold mental, emotional and reality determined by multiple oppressions, Questionnaires are being sent to about 2500 physicalsuffering. We recognizethe that all these injustices are summed up in the distinctiveness of the struggle of lesbians organizations whose records will hopefully against discrimination and the right to the preservation of a global economic order that belistedintheguide. Includedare choice of sexual orientation.But we affirm breeds violence against women in all areas of women's organizations, groups which focus that all women have a stake in putting an end life. on women's issues, and feminist committees to the patriarchial construction of normaltive within larger organizations such as unions sexuality. IN SEARCH OF BALANCED and ethnocultural organizations. PERSPECTIVES: THE CHALLENGE OF It is our belief that up to this point there is a WOMEN The Archives would be glad to hear from any dominant western perspective in theorizing on organization that may have been missed, lesbianism. We know only too well that and from any individual who has the records If there is a message that comes from our gender/sexual categories are socially of a woman's group.(Often when a group own struggle in the Philippines, it is that our constructed. In our own work we have disbands,a memberwillpreserveits wondered why it has been more difficult for struggle to end patriarchy cannot be taken records.) For further information contact apart from other struggles to end national women inour culturetoself-identifyas Susan Shea, Box 128, Station P, Toronto, lesbians. We perceive that feminist lesbian oppression, feudal exploitation and racism. M5S 2S7, phone 416-597-8865. women in the west have correctly constructed PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page 10 WOMEN CREATING REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM

Excerpted from anarticleprepared by Cases of abuse have been documented in Women's Health Interaction many countries - women weresterilized without their knowledge or approval (sometimes literally tied down to the operating During the past several years the international table, without proper anesthetic); women were women's movement has made reproductive offered food or money during times of crisis to health a focus for education, organizing, accept sterilization or contraception; drugs networking and advocacy. Increasingly, and devices which have been linked to cancer GLENDA SIMMS TO KEYNOTE issues of fertility control, new reproductive in research studies and other health problems CONFERENCE technologies (NRTs) and access to safe and in the West have been marketed aggressively effective birth control have topped the agenda in the Third World. Glenda Simms, President of the Canadian of women in both the First and Third worlds. Advisory Council on the Status of Women In addition, New Reproductive Technologies (CACSVV) will give the keynote address at the A Women and Health conference in Costa (NRTs) arebeing usedextensivelyto forthcoming conference WOMEN UNITING Rica in 1987 called on women worldwide to determine the sex of a child in-vitro, often FOR CHANGE: Listening, Learning, Speaking document their experiences with population leading to aborting the child ifitis female. Out. control programs as a way of collecting Women inthe South and the North are evidence that many of these programs abuse recruited as surrogate mothers and paid for Dr. Simms,whohas a long-standing women. In Bangladesh in 1989, a conference the use of their bodies. Aborted fetuses are involvement with women, racialminorities, organized by FINRRAGE on the topic of sold for use in the cosmetic industry. Aboriginal peoples, and community issues, is Women Uniting Against Dehumanizing a dynamic speaker and will provide a powerful Technologies brought together 150 women Genetic and reproductive engineering, as well and thought-provoking introduction to what from over 30 countries to look at reproductive as population control programs, are promoted promises to be an energizing and challenging and genetic engineering. The conference on the grounds that they solve problems such weekend.Dr. Simms' address will focus on focussed on how these technologies impact as hunger,diseaseandenvironmental the feminization of poverty, violence against on women and can intensify the existing degradation.In reality, however, they divert women, and the experiences of women who differences among people in terms of race, attention away from the real causes of these are doubly disadvantaged by race, ethnicity, class, caste, sex and religion. problems and are incapable of solving them. language or disability. Nor do they respond to women's demands In November of 1990 women's groups in the and needs, such as access to resources, The conference, which is organized by the Philippines hosted a major international income, employment, social security and a NorthwesternOntarioWomen'sDecade conference entitled "In Search of Balanced safe environment at work and at home. Council, will be held at the Red Oak Inn, Perspectives andGlobal Solidarity for Social and economic injustice will never be Thunder Bay, beginning Friday evening Nov. Women's Health and Reproductive Rights" addressed by population control and 1st and concluding at noon Sunday, Nov. 3rd. which was attended by severalhundred dehumanizing technologies. Workshops covering a range of issues - women. .4410 violenceagainst women,health,aging, During the past several years, more and more economics, freedom from fear, Native culture, In Canada, the Royal Commission on New international donor countries have immigrantandvisibleminoritywomen, Reproductive Technologies recently wound emphasized population control as an creating community, and struggles with the up a series of public hearings across the important element of development; many State - will be held on Saturday. country which gave women's groups, the ThirdWorld governments have adopted health profession and others an opportunity policies and programs which divert funding Guest speaker Saturday evening is Lorraine to raise concerns about NRTs and the need away from basic health care for women to the Sinclair,Executive Director of the Mother for clearer ethical and legal guidelines for the purchase of contraceptives and the financing Earth Healing Society, Edmonton.Lorraine use of these technologies. Three years ago, of massive campaigns designed to reduce Sinclair has worked extensively on women's groups, NGOs, health workers and women's fertility rates.At the same time, environmental issues and Native education many others joined a national Coalition on many countries in the North have offered from the local to the international level. A Depo Provera to oppose approval of this drug incentives to couples to have more children. talented photo-journalist, speaker, educator, for use as a contraceptive in Canada. Public and program developer,LorraineSinclair hearings followed this initiative, and many Non-GovernmentalDevelopment continues to be involvedincross-cultural groups made links between the use of drugs Organizations (NGOs) have also supported education as a means ofraisingpublic such as Depo Provera on women in the Third population control programs, often described awareness to Native culture and history. She World and women in Canada. as family planning, and as meeting women's will speak on Healing Ourselves, Healing needs. Again, these programs do not Mother Earth - how people issues tie in with Recently, the implant Norplant was approved address women's real health needs and can environmental issues. by the FDA, after years of (questionable) even make women's position more marginal. testing in Third World countries such as Brazil Women and the Corporate Agenda is the and Bangladesh. The manufacturers of both Recently, many environmental groups have subjectof an address Sunday morning. Norplant and Depo are expected to file for called for control of population growth in order Maude Barlow, National Chairperson of the approval with Health and Welfare Canada this to curb the effects on environments in the Council of Canadians, will speak to the issues year. Women's groups in the North and Third World. Environmental degradation is women experience as Canada is undergoing South are concerned that these drugs have blamed on overpopulation while issues related profound economic, social and philosophical not been proven safe and do not see the to resourcedistributionandeconomic change. value in introducing them. structures, are virtually ignored. For more information concerning the WOMEN All over the world, women are struggling for Increasingly, women around the world have UNITING FOR CHANGE conferencecall more control over their own bodies and come to view population control as an abuse Decade Council at 683-5662. demanding more appropriate health care. of women's rights and basic human rights. There is a great need for family planning Women are demanding that development be programs and health services which meet the seen as a human right,and that family real needs of women. Often, in the absence planning programs be placed in a context of of these programs, and in the context of high social, economic and political change which maternal and infant mortality rates, empowers women. malnutrition and lack of sanitary conditions, women are instead targetted by governments for population control programs.Incentives and disincentives are introduced, which aim to encourage acceptanceofsterilizationor adoption of contraception methods.

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The following is a brief presented to the Federal Liberal Task Force on the Northern Ontario Economy by Northwestern Ontario Women's Decade Council.

WHO WE ARE DEFINITION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FAMILY DEVELOPMENT In order to understand the present status of The traditionalpicture of the "family"in women living Northwestern Ontario resource As an organization, Decade Council defines NorthwesternOntario asinCa"nadais based communities, we offer the following socio-economic development in the total changing: 1989 statistics, based on our research with sense including: 956 women from 16 communities. :the husband-wife family with only the "Reasonable industrial expansion, husband working account for only 27% of :61% of women are in the labour force full job creation and economic growth along domestic relationships and part time. with quality of life considerations; adequate and affordablehousing,recreationand :thehusband-wifefamilywithboth :90% of the employed women work in culturalfacilities,traditionalaswellas spouses working now makes up 50% of traditional female occupation sector of alternate educational systems, health care all families sales, service, health and education. facilities and a full range of support services. Othernecessaryconsiderationsinclude :the single parent family, 82% which are :more than half were highschool accessible 24 hourchild care and female headed, make up 13% of Canadian graduates with 28% having earned a post convenient public transportation." families secondary degree, certificate or diploma. We agree with the United Church of Canada's description of the economy. "The economy :in the 1990s, one marriage in two will :56% of the employed women earned less likely end in divorce than $20,000. per year with only 17% is something we share in common. It is the earning more than $30,000. way we put together human and natural :4/10 of families headed by women are resources for the good of the common life. poor compared to 1/10 of the families :80% of the women were married with Itis a vast collective enterprise and is the headed by men and 72% of elderly poor 67% of their pirtners employed in the domain of no particular sub-group in society. are women community's primary industry, It must be marked by justice, participation and sustainability. :well over a million of Canada's children :84% have children. live below the poverty line Economic development has traditionally been regarded as an arena for only the Beyond their commitmenttofamily, business and political sectors. Women and **as the above statistics indicate many women already live in poverty and many employment and community, 55% of the theirperspectiveshavegenerallybeen women had been involved in public boards others are only a circumstance away from excluded. Women must be included in all poverty** or organizations in the past five years.It is stages ofplanning, implementation and clear that women are experienced decision evaluation. Development schemes must not makers, as 69%havehadexecutive perpetuate the assumption that women exist Socio economic planning must take into positions in their community work. account the changing reality of families in Area only as dependents of men. women are central to Northwestern Ontario's the 90s and not be based on an assumption economy; though muchoftheirwork of the traditional family of past generations. continues to be invisible."However, the contribution of women to the economic development of this country has been and <> < ><>< ><>< <><> <><> < ><> < ><> < ><>< ><>< ><>< ><><> <>< > <> continues to be an enormous contribution of time, self, energy and ability.They are able to maintain their capacity for personal fulfilment and the survival and well being of their families and communities." Women and their work must be integral to sound Special Offer With This Ad economic development. While, here in Northwestern Ontario, we CWS/cf is dedicating two subsequent issues to the topic of Violence Against recognize that growthinthe traditional Women. The Summer 1991 issue is an overview - looking at the problem in all resourceextractionsectoris unlikely, its manifestations. The Fall 1991 issue considers the strategies being adopted to economic development will continue at the address that violence. local level.Socio-economic development You can get both these issues for the low price of $15.00 will take place in areas such as CWS/cf will cover postage, GST and even take $1.00 off the cover price! entrepreneurship, information technology, human services and tourism. 0 Send me both Issues for the special price of $15.00 O Send me one copy of Violence Against Women Canadian WomanStudies 0 Send me one copy of Strategies for Change Strategies Single Issue price per copy: $9.56 Name Canadian Woman Studies ru- Address I) RONNIES' City Prov

BED & BREAKFAST Violence Postal Code Country ife".0101t /f Against All orders must be prepaid. Please enclose cheque Located in downtown Montreal or money order made out to CWS/cf. Send to: in a quiet luxurious setting, offering first class accommodation for women traveling On business Women Canadian Woman Studies 212 Founders College or pleasure. York University, 4700 Keele Street Includes European Continental Breakfast. Downsview, ON M3J 1P3 783 rue Guy, Montreal, Quebec ll3J ITh (416) 736-5356 Tc.s1./Fax (5l4) 939-144 Rhona Luber Cantor, Proprietor

PDFNorthern compression,Woman Page OCR, 12 web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor EMPLOYMENT TRENDS communities. Outshopping has become a Unfortunately barriers continue to prohibit new Canadian word. The Pigeon River many women's participation. Time, travel Employment andImmigrationCanada's border crossing, which serves the relatively and transportation in and from our vast report The Ontario Labour Market, small portion of Ontario residents in the region, the lack of financial resources, the November 17, 1990 states that "Ontario's Northwestern Ontario area, reports that $19 lack of child care and fear make it difficult seasonally-adjusted unemployment rate was millionindeclared goods were brought for women to actively participate. Gender 2.1 per cent higher than in November 1989". across the border in a one year study period equity on decision making bodies can be "Since November 1989, nine out of every ten ending July 1989 and the Thunder Bay achieved through a better understanding of jobslost were accounted for by men, Venture's Report on Outshopping notes that the reality of women's lives. New reflecting the severe downturn in the male the 37 border points studied report similar processes must be designed to ensure dominated manufacturing and construction increases across the country. Manufacturers their input. industries." These figures may be viewed as and retailers press for additional concession, a trend, This is substantiated by in their attempts to compete. Canadian and The groundwork for the inclusion of Employment and Immigration Canada and Ontario companies attempt to negotiate women in Economic Development has the Ontario Ministry of Skills Development salary and benefit freezes or reductions. been developed by women across Canada both of which project that while the labour and applies equally to the women of force is growing at only half the rate it was While we have not yet seen the final results Northwestern Ontario. These words from a during the 1970s, women's participation will of the original agreement, the Canadian text presented to a conference of North increaseandaccountforhalfofthe government approaches a Canada/U.S. Shore Women, in Terrace Bay in Ontario, workforce within 10 years. agreement with Mexico which may have October 1985 by Diana Ellis of the broader ramifications for women. Women Women's Research Centre, Vancouver, While we could interpret this to mean good from Canada and Mexico alike will B.C., capture our vision for women: news for women, we must look at further experience the effects of this agreement related statistics: including the possible further exploitation of women workers in Mexico and loss of "What does the inclusion of women in :women earn an average of 65% of male jobs for Canadian women. economic development mean? earnings Inthemeantime,NorthwesternOntario An economic framework that includes :1988 average female earnings for full- women and their families are forced to live women is one which says first of all that time, full-year employment were $23,260 withtheimpactofOttawa'spresent the sexual division of labour is integral economic policies, such as: and not marginal.THe result of the :the average family income for single sexualdivisionof labour around the parent employed female headed families -decreased disposable incomes, bearing and rearing of children means was $19,740 womenareoftenlefteconomically -decline in the soft wood and pulp and dependent on men.Given that in our :61% of women with at least one child paper markets and subsequent downsizing society money equals power and control, under age 6, participate in the labour of the male labour force through layoffs this means that many women have no force and face costs up to $6,000 per resulting in a loss of primary income, power and no control over their lives." year per child fol* licensed child care. -the necessity for more women to seek An economic framework that includes The faceofthelabour force and the employment and their subsequent transition women would understand what this economy of Ontario is changing. to the role of the primary bread winners division of labour means and would do the (often on under $20,000 per year). following: UNPAID LABOUR -socialramificationsofthestressof :pay women a decent living wage for their In addition to paid employment, the recent economiccrisis intermsofviolence, work; Socio Economic Study on Women's Work alcoholism and barriers to participation in bytheNorthwesternOntario Women's community activities due to cost, :take into account the extra work of raising Decade Council highlighted 69% of the a child and offer paid maternity and respondents estimated they spend more -the shift in the tax burden from the Federal paternity leave for a child's younger years. than 20 hours per week on household tasks. level to Provincial level and further to the as in Sweden; Add to this, the hours of volunteer activities Municipal level, coming at a time when the that women contribute to their community commercial andindustrialtaxbase is :provide good universal childcare. and we have a true picture of the double declining, is resulting in cutbacksto work load women continue to carry. community based support services. The inclusion of women must begin at the beginning and not just because we're The shift in male and female work force partners, by and large, of the men, but participation rates, the disparity in earnings CONCLUSIONS because we are people in our own right and subsequent disparityin taxable and with contributions to make and needs to disposable incomes and the fact that more "WOMEN have traditionally been excluded be considered. women will become primary income earners, by a failure to raise any questions that has serious financial and systemic specifically concern women in the process If one believes the inclusion of women is implications for women: for both traditional of economic development, based on a lack important, then it becomes a priority. Yes, and non-traditional families; for the of recognition that theseissues are of it will cost money and yes, the money is community and for the North. crucial concern to women." there.In fact, we can't afford not to do this. There is a great human and FREE TRADE "WOMEN have not only the right but the economic cost presently being paid by obligation to be represented in all aspects women who are not afforded the Despite many concerns from across the of economic and social development of the opportunity to reach their potential as country, the Federal Government entered north. Looking at development from a Canadian women. woman's perspective is essential, for it is the intotheCanada/U.S. Free Trade women who live in the communities who are Agreement."Its intent was to improve the economies of both countries, to strive for full most affected by the development decisions employment and improved living standards, which are made by men." and to strengthen both countries in the "WOMEN must be an integral part of future International market-place; with both takemeasuresto northern economic decision making and countries'abilityto However we willnot accept safeguard public welfare fully preserved." strategies. The agreement appears to be falling short of token representation. We would caution that its goals. Canadians were promised "jobs, appointment of individuals cannot reflect the variety of skills and experiences that women jobs,jobs"andthebestadjustment programs in the world which to date have bring to the decision making process. The and been undelivered. Ontario's unemployment womenservingoncommissions to creep higher. The committees must reflect the diversity of continues must Unemployment Insurance legislation Bill C21 womens'lives. Representation Aboriginal Women, Francophone resulted in replacing insurance include: has Minority protection with the welfare system. In Women, Immigrant and Visible Thunder Bay alone, welfare payments are up Women, Women withDisabilities,Single caseload up 46%. Thisis Parent Female Headed Families and Female 53%, the Headed Families on Social Assistance. consistent with increases in district "W.I.M...=1,2A11 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page: REHABILITATION ACTION PROGRAM NORTHERN ONTARIO WOMEN IN TRADES (R.A.P.) is a support program for Thunder HIGHLIGHTED IN PHOTOJOURNAL Bay residents who live daily with the effects oftheirmentalhealthproblems/illness. BREAKING BARRIERS, a photojournal for There are times when they need support. and about Northern Ontario women in skilled occupations,hasbeenlaunched. It Ourprogrammatchesindividualsand highlights 12 women working in occupations WEAVING MATtER(s) volunteers, one-to-one. Within the match the ranging from carpenter to autobody repairer. individual identifies and works on personal Some are recent high school graduates, Congratulations to Sasha McInnes whose goals. The volunteer provides support and others are starting a second career and one exhibitionWEAVING MATtER(s)opened encouragement. is a grandmother, who broke barriers in the September 21 at the London Regional Art and 1930's. Historical Museums (London, Ontario). Sasha We arecurrently seeking volunteers to McInnes, a Thunder Bay feminist activist and become part of R.A.P. Orientation and Six Women's Access to Apprenticeship artist has been spinning, dyeing and weaving training are provided by program staff. Our Projects in Kenora, Timmins, North Bay, this exhibitionof thirteen tapestries since goalisfor both the individual and the Sudbury, Sault Ste. Marie and Thunder Bay 1986. volunteer to experience a sense of personal cooperated in preparing the photojournal. growth while in the match. Itis for this The project was sponsored by the Kenora Carole Farber, curator of the exhibition states reason that we ask for a time commitment of Area Committee for Skill Development, and The tapestries in the exhibition form and will 2-4 hours per week for six (6) months. was coordinated by the Kenora Women's continue to form many narratives, many Accessto Apprenticeship Steering storylines. They are multivocal, a cacophony We will be pleased to discuss the volunteer Committee. of potentiality.Yet, the connecting thread opportunities within R.A.P. Please call us. running through all of them is that "weaving BREAKING BARRIERS includes information matters" (doing it makes a difference), that Rosanne Perron ontraining programs and resources "weaving matters" are those intimately bound Darlene Squissato available to women in the North. The text is with creating and recreating, resisting and EnglishandFrench,withsub-titlesin asserting,andthat"weavingmattersis 345-5564 Ojibway. An accompanying English/French weaving mater(s)", the attachment of women, brochure on how to use the journal as an mothers and the Goddess Creating is a educationaltool forteachers, career politicalact,a statement. Through the counsellors and women has also been complex symbologypresented inthese developed. tapestries, the viewer will be challenged to .010.1. engage a feministcritiqueofexisting Copies of the brochure and photojournal are patriarchal institutions, concepts and NWO BREAST SCREENING PROJECT available from all Northern Ontario Women's language." AccesstoApprenticeshipoffices, The Northwestern Ontario Breast Screening CommitteesforSkillDevelopment and We eagerly await the opportunity to view this Project, an initiative of the Ontario Ministry of Ministry of Skills Development offices.For exhibition which will come to the Thunder Bay Health is anticipated to start in late fall 1991. more information, contact Marion MacAdam Art Gallery in February 1992. The objective of the program is to reduce at 468-3698. the mortality from breast cancer by at least 40% in women over the age of 50 years. The program is aimed at women aged 50- 69 years, but other women will be able to participate in it.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women in Ontario.The Screening Program will be a testing service for well women. A clinical breast exam by a trained nurse examiner and a mammogram will be included in the screening. Early detection of Cease Fire 1991 lumps offers the best chance of improving survival rates and reducing the amount of surgery that is necessary.Itis envisioned that the Northwestern Ontario Program will have both a screening site in Thunder Bay One of our sister publications, Pandora, from and a mobile van operating in the region. Halifax is being challenged by a man who claimed he was a victim of sex- Dr. Joan Kyle has been appointed as the discrimination when Pandora would not print parttimeMedical Director. Heather a letter he had written.His complaint has Woodbeck, the Administrative Coordinator, been taken up by the Nova Scotia Human has been involved in women's health issues Rights Commission. in Northwestern Ontario for the past ten 99999 years. The program is administered through the Thunder Bay Regional Cancer Centre. Winnipeg's HERizons magazine has decided For further information about the breast to "GO FOR IT" AGAIN, this time as a screening program, please call 343-1690. subscriber driven and funded magazine, not reliant on government funding.HERizons features news, book and film reviews, and Heavy backlash to the preliminary report of feminist ideas, in a form that's dynamic, the Task Force on Sexual Abuse of Patients diverse and infinitely readable. Please write has caused a delay inissuing the final them for info- HERizons, P.O. Box 128, report. The main criticisms are that the Task A new support and self-help group for Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 2G1 Force has been too "pro-patient", and about survivors of childhood sexual abuse is being the "feminist bias" of the Task Force. Critics formed for women who have gone through indicate that the "existing system does not individual and group therapy.For more need to be changed" information call Judy at 345-7802. 79999

BLOODLINES: Writings by Lesbian Sisters, isnow accepting submissionsforthis upcoming anthology to be published by "She iswell educated, literate, operates adult literacy and gynergy books, a lesbian owned feminist children's programs, oversees public relations, trains and manages press in P.E.I. For queries, submissions and staff, and is chief purchaser.She is paid less than the man who questionnaire please write to Jan and Lynn cleans the ice between hockey periods.She is a librarian in small Andrews, Editors, P.O. Box 4273, Station E, town Ontario." Ottawa, Ontario KiS 5B3

PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor liorthehl iNtimah :-Page 14 WHAT'S NEW IN THE BOOKSTORE SHAKTI WOMAN: Feeling Our Fire, Healing Northern OurWorldbyVickiNoble,authorof As always September has seen a marvelous Motherpeaceis"...a passionate callfor outpouring of new writing.Some 200 new women toreconnect withour goddess Woman's titles have been acquired by the Northern heritage and reclaim our ancient powers of Woman's Bookstore in the past few months healing..." and more arrive every day.The non-fiction Bookstore books cover a wide spectrum - healing, OTHER COUNCIL FIRES WERE HERE spirituality, lesbian, literary criticism, feminist BEFORE OURS, by Jamie Sams and Tuylah theory, herstory - for example: Nitsch."A classic Native American creation story as retold by a Seneca elder and her granddaughter.

PETTICOATS AND PREJUDICE: Women and LawinNineteenthCentury Canada,by Constance Backhouse. Northern Woman's Bookstore THE AGE OF LIGHT, SOAP AND WATER: 184 Camelot St. Moral Reform in English Canada, Thunder Bay, Ontario(807) 344-7979 1885-1925, by Mariana Valverde. Laura Davis, author of the Courage to Heal Workbook has published a support book for Calendars partners. ALLIES IN HEALING: When the Person You Love Was Sexually Abused as a Child gives partners a clear FOR 1992 path for dealing with the survivor's pain, as well as their own".

NEW THIS YEAR! DATING VIOLENCE:Young Women in Danger, edited by Barrie Levy.

DECEPTIVE DISTINCTIONS: Sex, Gender and the Social Order, by Cynthia Fuchs Epstein.

EVERYWOMAN'S CALENDAR 1992 BEYOND ACCEPTANCE: Parents of Lesbians

-a 1,1 4,110A a.] and Gays Talk About Their Experiences, Cony edited by Carolyn Welck Griffin, Marian J. 1992 Peace Calendar Wirth and Arthur G. Wirth.

11.nnorinklel,mn Ana calendm IL,M1,11whose rn nnd knenttnemn frona.km,1, CONSIDERING PARENTHOOD, by Cheri Pies IV lir MIN 1.,511.11.1,1 is a bookforlesbiansthinkingabout becoming parents. THE DEMON LOVER: On the Sexuality of Terrorism, by Robin Morgan "...brings a startlingperspectivetoterrorism,which (Morgan) sees as arising out of patriarchial societies'emphasisonpower,control, domination and violence.

59.95 TM dansinnt crew. In A ...on* atnn angh ennienn,nr, mope, miltOnalque+ VIRGINIA WOOLF: The Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse on Her Life and Work, by Louise DeSalvo. and muchmore !! WHO CARES: The Crisis in Canadian Nursing, by Sarah Jane Growe. Topping the listin the Fiction category is We are anxiously awaiting the arrival of Anne WILDERNESS TIPS, new stories by Margaret Cameron's latest book KICK THE CAN, and Atwood. readers will be pleased to know we have Cameron's ESCAPE TO BEULAH back in stock.

Over the past months the best selling fiction titles have been Bronwen Wallace's PEOPLE Keep YOU'D TRUST YOUR LIFE TO, and SOJOURNER'S TRUTH by Lee Maracle. If on you haven't read these, do!

Other new fiction: top of THE WILD BLUE YONDER, by Audrey Thomas your THE EDUCATION OF HARRIET HATFIELD, by May Sarton FOX, by Margaret Sweatman reading THE HUSBAND, by Dorothy Livesay GUYANA BETRAYAL, by Norma DeHaarte IN AND OUT OF TIME: Lesbian Feminist Fiction, edited by Patricia Duncker. The Bookstore also has in stock over 40 calendars and date books, ranging from Remarkable Women to the Lunar Calendar, from the Well-Bred Cat to Quilts, as well as the always popular Everywoman's Almanac and Herstory.

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Ontario BALANCING PAID WORK L'EQUITE D EMPLOI, C'EST QUO!? Ontario Women's Direction generate AND FAMILY Directorate de la condition feminine de ('Ontario Date: les 30, 31 octobre et le ler This innovative one-day workshopis novembre 1991. 16H - 12H designed as a training tool to assistyou in developing "family-friendly" policiesand Endroit:Hotel Holiday Inn, Sudbury, RESOURCE programs in your workplace. telephone: (705) 675-1123 A wide and innovative array of family- CENTRE responsive policies will be reviewed. Frais d inscription: 160.50 $ par personne (TPS incluse)

WORKSHOP CONTENT Frais de voyage: Dans la mesure ou le The Resource Centre is still in the process of budget nous le permettra, nous being catalogued and put on computer. Module 1 rembourserons jusqu'a la moitie des frais This has not stopped women and students Setting the Scene de voyage. Le budget etant limite, nous intheir pursuit of knowledge.With the - You and the Issues accorderRns une inderntiisation de voyage increase of students in Women's Studies at selon la reglede "premiere personne the university our doors will be swinging off Module 2 arrivee, premiere servie" en tIchant de their hooks. The Big Picture favoriser les personnes des regions - Workforce Trends eloignees du Nord. UNSETTLING RELATIONS: The University - Changing Families Ateliers as a Site of Feminist Struggles. - New Partnerships Essays of Himani Bannerji, Linda Carty, Kari - Initiation a requite d'emploi Dehli, Module 3 Kate McKenna and Northwestern - Precedes de recrutement etde selection Ontario's own Susan Heald. Planning for Change - Les droits de la personne etrequite - Managers as Change Agents QUEST FOR RESPECT: A Healing Guide - Communications d'emploi - Objectifs quantitatifs et plande releve for Survivors of Rape. Linda Braswell. - Options for Balance Table ronde BACK TO HOME AND DUTY: Women' Module 4 Between the Wars, 1918-1939. Deirdre Action Planning "Comment amenager un milieu de travail - Individual Beddoe. diversifie et equitable" - Organizational OVER THE HILL: Reflections on Ageism Between Women. Baba Cooper. "Pleins feux sur les barrieres qui font YOU WILL LEARN TO obstacle a requite d emploi" RECOVERING FROM INCEST: Imagination identify work and family pressures and the Healing Process. Evangeline Kane. affection employees in the workplace recognize the organizational benefits of FEMINIST FRAMEWORKS: Alternative accommodating work and family GOODBYES AND HELLOS TheoreticalAccountsoftheRelations responsibilities between Women and Men; Second edition. understand the diversity in families Alison M. Jaggar and Paula S. Rothenberg. We at Women's Directorate, and thewomen outline what role managers, workers and of Ontario, have experienced quite a few organizations play in making work THE POLITICS OF RAPE:The Victim's changessincethelastJournalwas environments responsive to family published. Perspective. The victims of rape speak out! obligations Diana E.H. Russell. generate an action plan to On September 11, 1991, Anne Swarbrick, implement change. Minister Responsible for Women's Issues, resigned her position as Minister "because of WHO SHOULD ATTEND the necessity to focus on my own health needs". The fatigue from ongoing AUDIO-VISUALS Human resource staff, linemanagers, and chemotherapy andradiationtreatments employment equity practitioners who want made it impossible to fulfill the demands of to learn more about developing policies a cabinet minister. and programs to accommodate paid work HIDDEN FEELINGS:Produced by child and family responsibilities. We wish her well and hope that she does support workers of Central Alberta Women's take careofherself so that she may Emergency Shelter for children who have FEE continue to work for the women of Ontario. witnessed violence. $149.54 + $10.46 (GST)= $160.00 Marion Boyd has been appointedas WOMEN IN THE 40s and 50s: a wonderful Minister Responsible for Women's Issues. compilation of films about women during the TIME AND DATE Ms. Boyd willtake on thisportfolioin 40s and 50s reflecting values and attitudes addition to her role as Minister of that time. of Education. Tuesday, November 26, 1991 We welcome Marion knowing ALL IN A DAY'S WORK: Developed as a 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. for one day. her varied Morning refreshments and lunch will be background and involvementin women's Change Agent project with Xerox Canada issues. Inc. this video outlines business issues and provided. benefits which are part of an emerging issue Subsidies are available.Call Joan Keehn Eleanor Meslin, Assistant DeputyMinister, - work with family responsibilities. at 475-6380, or Irene Mitchell at 475-6417 has also left the Directorate (collect) for further information. recently for a position withMinistry of Consumer and LE TRAVAIL AT LA FAMILLE: Commercial Relations. Documentaire qui presente les problemes et solutions dan les entreprises par la necessity On October 21,1991 we will welcome croisanted'integrer le travail et les Shirley Hoy asour new ADM to responsabilities familiales. Ce documentaire the Directorate. Shirley has hadan impressive a ete cree dans le cadre du programmes career with the Municipality of Metro Toronto Agent de Changement avec la collaboration This page is sponsored by the Ontario in several positions- Executive Director of de Xerox Canada Inc. Women's Directorate. The material Metro Chairman's Office; General contained on it may be photocopied and Manager, Administration; Directorof distributed without permission, but with Community Services. She has also beeninvolved in the 1111.0r4,0. credit to the original source or the Ontario community and sits asa member on several Women's Directorate. Boards of Directors. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Northern Woman Page 16 Second Class Mall deg 'strolls. No. 5697

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