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Rodney Hilton, Marxism and the Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism
Working Papers No. 94/06 Rodney Hilton, Marxism and the Transition From Feudalism to Capitalism S. R. Epstein Forthcoming in C. Dyer, P. Cross, C. Wickham (eds.) Rodney Hilton’s Middle Ages, 400-1600 Cambridge UP 2007 © S. R. Epstein Department of Economic History London School of Economics September 2006 Department of Economic History London School of Economics Houghton Street London, WC2A 2AE Tel: +44 (0) 20 7955 7860 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7955 7730 Rodney Hilton, Marxism And The Transition From Feudalism To Capitalism* S. R. Epstein Forthcoming in C. Dyer, P. Coss, C. Wickham eds. Rodney Hilton’s Middle Ages 400-1600, Cambridge UP 2007 A founding member of the Historians’ Group of the Communist Party, of the journal Past and Present, and of a distinctive and distinguished School of History at the University of Birmingham, Rodney Hilton was among the most notable medieval historians of the latter half of the twentieth century. He was also the most influential of a small number of Marxist medievalists in Britain and Continental Europe who practised their craft before the renaissance of Marxist and left-wing history after 1968. Surprisingly, therefore, his work’s historiographical and theoretical significance has not attracted much attention.1 Although Hilton was, first and foremost, a ‘historian’s historian’, and made his most lasting contributions to the fields of English social, agrarian, and urban history, his engagement with Marxist historical debates cannot be lightly dismissed.2 Hilton’s Marxism, a central feature of his self-understanding as a historian, reflects both strengths and weaknesses of British Marxist historiography in its heyday, and his interpretation of a locus classicus of Marxist debate, the transition from feudal to capitalist modes of production, still carries considerable weight among like-minded historians. -
Ellen Meiksins Wood
EMPIRE OF CAPITAL V EMPIRE OF CAPITAL ------------♦------------ ELLEN MEIKSINS WOOD V VERSO London • New York For George Comninel, with thanks for many years of conversation First published by Verso 2003 © Ellen Meiksins Wood 2003 This paperback edition first published by Verso 2005 © Ellen Meiksins Wood 2005 All rights reserved The moral rights of the author have been asserted 13579 10 8642 Verso U K: 6 Meard Street, London w i f o e g USA: 180 Varick Street, New York, n y 10014-4606 www.versobooks.com Verso is the imprint of New Left Books i s b n 1-84467-518-1 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Wood, Ellen Meiksins Empire o f capital 1. Capitalism— History 2. Imperialism 3. Globalization 4. International relations 5. Imperialism— History I. Title 330.l'22 ISBN 1844675181 Library o f Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A Catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Typeset by SetSystems Ltd, Saffron Walden, Essex Printed by R. R. Donnelley & Son, USA CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii PREFACE TO THE PAPERBACK EDITION ix PREFACE XV INTRODUCTION 1 1 THE DETACHMENT OF ECONOMIC POWER 9 2 THE EMPIRE OF PROPERTY 26 3 THE EMPIRE OF COMMERCE 44 4 A NEW KIND OF EMPIRE 73 5 THE OVERSEAS EXPANSION OF ECONOMIC IMPERATIVES 89 6 THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CAPITALIST IMPERATIVES l l 8 7 ‘SURPLUS IMPERIALISM’, WAR WITHOUT END 14 3 NOTES 16 9 INDEX 177 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have been exceptionally fortunate over the years in having first-rate post-graduate students, whose own work has inspired me and whose friendship I have continued to enjoy long after they finished their studies. -
Marxist Antony Kalashnikov
British Marxist Historians: An Appraisal Antony Kalashnikov Abstract This paper examines several of the leading British Marxist historians of the twentieth century and the contribution made by these Marxist historians to the field of historiography. The differences and similarities in the arguments presented by key Marxist historians is examined and critically analysed throughout this paper to identify the role these historians within the field. Introduction: In the second half of the twentieth century, Marxism became firmly integrated into the Western academic tradition as a valid and powerful mode of analysis. In 1950’s Great Britain, Marxism became particularly prevalent in the discipline of history. At least superficially, a group of historians was associated by their membership within the British Communist Party. Several critics, however, have argued that the British Marxist historians came to represent a school, of sorts, characterized by much more than paying homage to Marx and his historical materialism. Indeed, sociologist Harvey Kaye, in his book The British Marxist Historians, contends that they constitute a separate “theoretical tradition.” Specifically, he argues, they share a common theoretical problematic, historical problematic, approach to historical study (i.e. a methodology of class struggle analysis), and a contribution to British political culture.1 Social theorist Perry Anderson, for his part, also groups these Marxist Historians together, albeit indirectly, in his more negative critique of them. Particularly, he argues against their theoretical underdevelopment and lack of strategy. This essay will appraise the two scholars’ arguments for British Marxist historians’ commonality, in particular looking at the Marxist historians Edward Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. In doing so, I will explicate Kaye’s and Anderson’s arguments, illustrating their points with examples from Thompson’s and Hobsbawm’s work. -
The Histories of Raphael Samuel a Portrait of a People’S Historian
THE HISTORIES OF RAPHAEL SAMUEL A PORTRAIT OF A PEOPLE’S HISTORIAN THE HISTORIES OF RAPHAEL SAMUEL A PORTRAIT OF A PEOPLE’S HISTORIAN SOPHIE SCOTT-BROWN Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Scott-Brown, Sophie, author. Title: The histories of Raphael Samuel : a portrait of a people’s historian / Sophie Scott-Brown. ISBN: 9781760460365 (paperback) 9781760460372 (ebook) Series: ANU lives series in biography. Subjects: Samuel, Raphael. Historians--Great Britain--Biography. Marxian historiography. Historical materialism. Social history. Dewey Number: 907.202 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. The ANU.Lives Series in Biography is an initiative of the National Centre of Biography at The Australian National University, ncb.anu.edu.au. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Portrait of Raphael Samuel by Lucinda Douglas- Menzies. This edition © 2017 ANU Press Contents Acknowledgements . vii Abbreviations . ix Introduction . 1 1 . The Ingrained Activist: Communism as a Way of Life, the Communist Party Historians’ Group and Oxford Student Politics . 17 2 . Reinventing the Organiser: Anti‑authoritarianism, Activist Politics and the First New Left . 55 3 . The Workshop Historian: Ruskin College and the Early Years of the History Workshop . 95 4 . The Secret Life of Headington Quarry: People’s History in the Field . -
Christopher Hill's World Turned Upside Down
Crossley, James G. "Christopher Hill’s World Turned Upside Down." Harnessing Chaos: The Bible in English Political Discourse Since 1968. London: Bloomsbury T & T Clark, 2014. 37–69. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 23 Sep. 2021. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567659347.ch-002>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 23 September 2021, 17:56 UTC. Copyright © James G. Crossley 2014. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. Chapter 2 CHRISTOPHER HILL’S WORLD TURNED UPSIDE DOWN 1. The Problem of 1968 We have seen why 1968 is regarded as a watershed year in the more contemporary history of western radical thought. However, one of the seemingly curious features of the student-led radicalism of the late 1960s is the problem it posed for some western Marxists, particularly those of an ageing Marxist intellectual establishment. It might be thought that such ¿gures would have been among the most enthusiastic supporters of the uprisings (as plenty of Marxists indeed were), particularly given that the American involvement in Vietnam was the most high pro¿le point of unity across the Left, though even here there were notable exceptions such as Max Horkheimer. On the one hand, 1968 did overtly challenge dominant notions of power but, on the other, might not this radicalism be merely romantic and hopelessly ineffective? Or worse still, was it complicit or even potentially repressive? Arguably the most famous example of Marxist establishment ambiva- lence was Theodor Adorno.1 The ¿nal years and months of Adorno’s life – at this point he was now denounced as a ‘classicist’ – involved some very personal tensions with the West German student movement. -
The Making of the First New Left in Britain
THE MAKING OF THE FIRST NEW LEFT IN BRITAIN Jacob Clark Thurman Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in the Department of History, Indiana University December 2011 Accepted by the Faculty of Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. Jason M. Kelly, Ph.D., Chair Kevin Cramer, Ph.D. Master’s Thesis Committee Michael D. Snodgrass, Ph.D. ii Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 32 Chapter 3 ..................................................................................................................................................... 52 Chapter 4 ..................................................................................................................................................... 82 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................ 100 References .............................................................................................................................................. -
The Origin of Capitalism, a Longer View
THE ORIGIN OF CAPITALISM A Longer View • ELLEN MEIKSINS WOOD This edition first published by Verso 2002 © Ellen Meiksins Wood 2002 Firstpublished as Tile Origill ofCa pitalism © Monthly Review Press, 1999 All rights reserved The moral rights of the author have been asserted Verso UK: 6 Meard Street, London WI F OEG USA: ISO Varick Street, New York, NY 10014-4606 www.versobooks.com Verso is the imprint of New Left Books ISBN 1-85984-680---'7 ISBN 1-85984-392-1 (Pbk) British Library Cataloguingin Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the BritishLibrary Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Typeset in 10pt Bembo by SetSysterns, Saffron Walden, Essex Printed and bound in Great Britain by Biddies Ltd Acknowledgements Vll Introduction Part I HISTORIES OF THE TRANSITION The Commercialization Model and Its Legacy II Marxist Debates 34 3 Marxist Alternatives 50 Part II THE ORIGIN OF CAPITALISM 4 Commerce or Capitalism? 73 5 The Agrarian Origin of Capitalism 95 Part III AGRARIAN CAPITALISM AND BEYOND 6 Agrarian Capitalism and Beyond 125 7 The Origin of Capitalist Imperialism 147 8 Capitalism and the Nation State 166 9 Modernity and Postmodernity 182 Conclusion 193 Notes 199 Index 209 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the first edition, I thanked Neal Wood fo r his comments and encouragement, and Chris Phelps, who, when he was Editorial Director of Monthly Review Press, talked me into producing the book and also gave me some extremely useful and insightful criticisms and suggestions, not just editorial but substantive. -
Obituary / Nécrologie
OBITUARY / NÉCROLOGIE Homage to Edward Thompson, Parti Bryan D. Palmer EDWARD PALMER (E.P.) THOMPSON, described in 1980 as "our finest socialist writer today — certainly in England, possibly in Europe,"1 died at his home, Wick Episcopi, Worcester on 28 August 1993. Born 3 February 1924, he is survived by his wife of 45 years, fellow historian and political comrade, Dorothy, their daughter Kate, sons Mark and Ben, and numerous grandchildren. He left us—whom I define as those interested in and committed to the integrity of the past and the humane possibilities of a socialist future — a most enduring legacy, his example. There are those who would disagree. For as long as I have been an historian there has been an uncomfortable respect for Thompson's histories, a recognition that they occupy a special and influential place. But there has also been a nagging denigration of his accomplishments that runs through an honest and understandable articulation of critique and intellectual difference into less benign realms of malice. Much of this is developed as caricature, but its distortions and disfigurements are fundamentally political, even as they are, at times, trite. From some quarters this is so much to be expected that it can almost be regarded as a phenomenon of political nature; from others it is more disturbingly noteworthy. Seemingly 'naturalistic,' the antagonism to Thompson within elite circles of complacent scholasticism has been longstanding, whatever its softening in recent years. In England it often reached heights difficult to comprehend in North America.2 1 Perry Anderson, Arguments Within English Marxism (London 1980), 1 2In a review of Customs in Common ( 1991 ) in The Independent on Sunday, 5 January 1992, 26, Linda Colley noted that the English tradition of making iconoclasts and dissidents "national possessions" in their old age was almost certainly not going to overtake Thompson, who would continue to draw antagonism precisely because of his commitment to protest and irreverent mockery of established authority, academic and political. -
Political Argument in Edmund Burke's Reflections: A
POLITICAL ARGUMENT IN EDMUND BURKE‟S REFLECTIONS: A CONTEXTUAL STUDY BY BEN JAMES TAYLOR A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Political Science and International Studies School of Social Sciences The University of Birmingham December 2010 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The present thesis offers a historical interpretation of Edmund Burke‟s classic text, Reflections on the Revolution in France. By contrast to the existing literature, it studies Burke‟s work as a purposive intervention in a domestic problem complex that turned upon the ways in which the French Revolution was refracted in various British contexts of argument. In short, British radicals put the principles and the very idea of the French Revolution to unique uses, employing them to increase the legitimacy and potency of their own arguments. To this end, they appealed to the authority of the French Revolution to augment their dynamic reading of the English Revolution of 1688, and denounced the lack of liberty in Britain by holding the French system of representation up as a model which would provide a genuinely accountable and participatory government. -
Isaac's Honors Thesis
Downton Abbey Socialism: Stalin’s Sympathizers in the British Establishment Isaac Stone Honors Thesis submitted to the Department of History, Georgetown University Advisors: Professor Michael David-Fox, Professor James Collins Program Director: Professor Alison Games May 4, 2020 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 2 Glossary 3 Introduction 5 Chapter 1: 11 Conservative Revolutionaries: George Bernard Shaw and the Webbs Chapter 2: 29 The Politician and the Professor: Atlee, Laski, and the Defeat of the Revolutionary Labour Party Chapter 3: 51 Tracing the Progress of the Revolution: The Historians Group of the Communist Party Conclusion 70 Bibliography 73 1 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Professor Alison Games and my peers in the thesis cohort. Their advice and support has been critical for this massive project. I would also like to thank my advisors, Professor Michael David-Fox and Professor James Collins, for supporting this thesis through its ups and downs and giving so much of their time to rereading and commenting on this thesis. This work would not have been possible without the members of Georgetown’s History Faculty who have inspired and encouraged me as a scholar, who in an addition to my mentors and the program chair, include Professor Amy Leonard, Professor JoAnn Moran Cruz, Professor Toshihiro Higuchi, Professor Tommaso Astarita, and Professor Michael Wall. Finally, I would like to recognize my Mom, my Dad, my sister Maiya, and my two dogs Marley and Seger for providing love and stability throughout this taxing endeavor, especially during the disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. I give Lauinger Library permission to publish this thesis. -
The Strategic Leadership and Direction of the Royal Air Force Strategic Air Offensive Against Germany from Inception to 1945
THE STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP AND DIRECTION OF THE ROYAL AIR FORCE STRATEGIC AIR OFFENSIVE AGAINST GERMANY FROM INCEPTION TO 1945 By PETER WILLIAM GRAY A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham October 2009 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis examines the strategic leadership, and the high level direction, of the Royal Air Force’s contribution to the strategic air offensive against Germany. It takes the conceptual thinking, the organisational aspects and the leadership required to bring it into being, from its inception in the First World War through to 1945. The thesis uses modern understanding of strategic (or senior) leadership as an analytical tool. The realm of strategic leadership is complex, and ambiguous, and the senior leaders required high levels of intellectual capacity to cope with the survival of the force and its subsequent rapid to meet the rising threat from Germany. The senior leaders, political and military, acknowledged that their methods of warfare must be just, and the thesis examines the legality and morality of the planning and conduct of the offensive. -
Unidentified National Objects Ian Mckay
Document généré le 27 sept. 2021 13:17 Labour/Le Travailleur Unidentified National Objects Ian McKay Volume 28, 1991 URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/llt28re01 Aller au sommaire du numéro Éditeur(s) Canadian Committee on Labour History ISSN 0700-3862 (imprimé) 1911-4842 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer cet article McKay, I. (1991). Unidentified National Objects. Labour/Le Travailleur, 28, 285–294. All rights reserved © Canadian Committee on Labour History, 1991 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d’auteur. L’utilisation des services d’Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d’utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l’Université de Montréal, l’Université Laval et l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. https://www.erudit.org/fr/ REVIEW ESSAYS / NOTES CRITIQUES Unidentified National Objects Ian McKay Raphael Samuel, éd., Patriotism: The Making and Unmaking of British National Identity. I-.History andPolitics. II: MinoritiesandOutsiders. Ill: National Fictions (London and New York: Routledge 1989). THERE ARE 57 ARTICLES, together accounting for over a thousand pages, in this History Workshop examination of patriotism. A diligent reader will emerge with fresh insights into the mythical John Bull and Britannia, into reggae and into "Greensleeves,n into Joseph Conrad and into the English country garden. Here, as one has come to expect from History Workshop, are pages crowded with detail and brimming with life.