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Untersuchung Der Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse, Inzucht Und Genetischen Distanzen Bei Den Deutschen Kaltblutpferderassen

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Untersuchung Der Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse, Inzucht Und Genetischen Distanzen Bei Den Deutschen Kaltblutpferderassen Aus dem Institut für Tierzucht und Vererbungsforschung der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover Untersuchung der Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse, Inzucht und genetischen Distanzen bei den deutschen Kaltblutpferderassen INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des Grades einer DOKTORIN DER VETERINÄRMEDIZIN (Dr. med. vet.) durch die Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover Vorgelegt von Kerstin Sonja Aberle aus Baden (Schweiz) Hannover 2003 Wissenschaftliche Betreuung: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. habil. O. Distl 1. Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. habil. O. Distl 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Dr. habil. Dr. h. c. F. Ellendorf Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 18.11.2003 Meinen Eltern und Guido Teile dieser Arbeit wurden in folgenden Zeitschriften veröffentlicht bzw. zur Veröffentlichung eingereicht: Animal Genetics Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift Veterinary Journal Züchtungskunde Inhaltsverzeichnis I Inhaltsverzeichnis Kapitel 1 Einleitung.................................................................................................................................. 1 Kapitel 2 Horse Population Diversity: Results based on Microsatellite DNA Markers and Sequencing MtDNA.................................................................................................................. 5 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 6 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 6 The German Coldblood populations – the history of almost forgotten breeds ...................... 7 Primitive and wild horses – once almost extinct.................................................................. 10 Microsatellites and their requirements for genetic diversity studies.................................... 12 Genetic diversity within the Przewalski’s wild Horse and the Sorraia Horse breed............ 13 The relationship of Spanish Celtic horse breeds to different pony breeds and to the Uruguayan Creole Horse...................................................................................................... 13 Genetic distances of some native and warm-blooded horse breeds and thoroughbreds ...... 14 The evolution of today’s horse breeds ................................................................................. 16 MtDNA diversity in horses .................................................................................................. 16 Matriline variability within breeds....................................................................................... 18 How and when were horses domesticated?.......................................................................... 19 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... 22 Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................. 22 References ............................................................................................................................ 22 Kapitel 3 Analyse der Populationsstruktur des Schwarzwälder Kaltbluts....................................... 27 Einleitung ............................................................................................................................. 28 Material und Methoden ........................................................................................................ 29 Ergebnisse ............................................................................................................................ 31 Diskussion ............................................................................................................................ 39 Zusammenfassung................................................................................................................ 43 Literatur................................................................................................................................ 44 Analysis of the population structure of Black Forest Horses............................................... 45 II Inhaltsverzeichnis Kapitel 4 Analyse der Populationsentwicklung des Schleswiger Kaltbluts...................................... 47 Einleitung ............................................................................................................................. 48 Material und Methoden ........................................................................................................ 49 Ergebnisse ............................................................................................................................ 51 Diskussion ............................................................................................................................ 61 Zusammenfassung................................................................................................................ 65 Literatur................................................................................................................................ 66 Analysis of the population structure and development of the Schleswig Draught Horse.... 67 Kapitel 5 Analyse der Populationsstruktur des Süddeutschen Kaltbluts in Bayern....................... 69 Zusammenfassung................................................................................................................ 70 Einleitung ............................................................................................................................. 71 Material und Methoden ........................................................................................................ 72 Ergebnisse ............................................................................................................................ 73 Diskussion ............................................................................................................................ 80 Literatur................................................................................................................................ 83 Kapitel 6 Analysis of Relationships between German Heavy Horse Breeds based on Pedigree Information............................................................................................................................. 85 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 87 Materials and methods ......................................................................................................... 87 Results .................................................................................................................................. 88 Discussion ............................................................................................................................ 91 Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................. 94 References ............................................................................................................................ 94 Kapitel 7 Genetic Diversity in German Draught Horse Breeds Compared to a Group of Primitive, Riding, and Wild Horses by means of Microsatellite DNA Markers ............................... 97 Summary .............................................................................................................................. 98 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 98 Materials and methods ....................................................................................................... 100 Inhaltsverzeichnis III Results ................................................................................................................................ 105 Breed assignment ............................................................................................................... 109 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 110 Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................. 114 References .......................................................................................................................... 114 Kapitel 8 Phylogenetic Relationships of German Heavy Draught Horse Breeds inferred from Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Variation................................................................................ 119 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 120 Materials and methods ....................................................................................................... 120 Results ................................................................................................................................ 122 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 126 References .......................................................................................................................... 129 Kapitel 9 Übergreifende Zusammenfassung und Diskussion ........................................................... 133 Literatur.............................................................................................................................
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