DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document SFG2575 REV WB -Funded Project Public Disclosure Authorized Han River Inland Waterway Improvement Project in Hubei (Yakou Navigation Complex Project) Public Disclosure Authorized Supplemental Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized July 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized Contents 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO EARLY EIA PREPARATION ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 PURPOSE AND CONTENTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL ESIA REPORT ......................................................................... 1 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD POLICIES OF WORLD BANK ........................................................................... 4 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND IMPACT SCREENING ................................................ 6 2.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................... 21 2.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS AND IMPACT SCREENING ......................................................................................... 21 2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SENSITIVE AREAS AND RECEPTORS ............................................................. 51 3 SUMMARY OF ORIGINAL EIA REPORT .................................................................... 60 3.1 MAIN CONCLUSIONS OF DOMESTIC EIA REPORT ......................................................................................... 60 3.2 REVIEW COMMENTS TO EIA REPORT ........................................................................................................... 73 4 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................ 74 4.1 ANALYSIS OF ZERO PLAN .......................................................................................................................... 74 4.2 COMPARISON OF ENGINEERING OPTIONS .................................................................................................... 75 4.3 COMPARISON OF CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND SCHEDULING ................................................................... 85 4.4 RESETTLEMENT PLAN .................................................................................................................................. 87 5 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ....................................... 89 5.1 TERRESTRIAL/RIPARIAN ECOLOGY.............................................................................................................. 89 5.2 WANYANGZHOU WETLAND PARK ............................................................................................................. 93 5.3 AQUATIC ECOLOGY ..................................................................................................................................... 98 6 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION ................................. 122 6.1 CASCADE DEVELOPMENT ON HAN RIVER ................................................................................................. 122 6.2 SCOPING OF CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ........................................................................................................... 122 6.3 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................................... 122 6.4 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS AND MITIGATION ................................................................................................... 123 6.5 INTER-AGENCY COORDINATION MECHANISM ............................................................................................ 124 7 PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES IMPACTS AND MANAGEMENT PLAN... 126 7.1 IMPACT ON PCR AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................................................................ 126 2 7.2 IMPACT ON ORDINARY CEMETERY AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................. 133 7.3 PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR CULTURAL HERITAGES DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD ............................... 133 8 IMPACT OF AUXILIARY WORKS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..................... 135 8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF TRANSMISSION LINES ........................................................................ 135 8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF TEMPOARY WORKS .......................................................................... 139 9. IMPACTS OF RESETTLEMENT AREAS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .......... 147 9.1 IMPACT ASSESSMENT................................................................................................................................. 147 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES FOR RESETTLEMENT AREA....................................................... 149 10 SOCIAL IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................ 152 10.1 SURVEY ON WILLINGNESS OF RESETTLEMENT .......................................................................................... 152 10.2 ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL IMPACTS ................................................................................................................ 152 10.3 MITIGATION MEASURES .......................................................................................................................... 158 11 IMPACTS OF EMBANKMENT REINFORCEMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...................................................................................................................... 165 11.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... 165 11.2 DUE DILIGENCE OF EMBANKMENT REINFORCEMENT ENVIRONMENT MANAGMENT ............................... 167 12 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE .......................... 175 12.1 PRINCIPLES AND EARLY CONSULTATIONS DURING EIA PREPARATION ..................................................... 175 12.2 PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................................................................ 176 12.3 METHODS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION FOR SUPPLEMENTAL ESIA ........................................................... 177 12.4 KEY FINDINGS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION FOR SUPPLEMENTAL ESIA .................................................... 179 12.5 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ..................................................................................................................... 192 12.6 GRIEVANCE MECHANISM......................................................................................................................... 194 13 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................ 198 3 Tables: Table 1-1 Comparison between this supplemental ESIA and the original domestic EIA Table 1-2 Analysis on compliance of this project with safeguard policies of World Bank Table 2-1 Characteristics of complexes along mainstream in middle and lower reaches of Han River Table 2-2 Schedule of Yakou project components Table 2-3 Components of Yakou complex Table 2-4 Characteristics of Yakou Navigation Complex Project Table 2-5 Planning of Spoil Sites Table 2-6 Main characteristics of roads in the site Table 2-7 Main works of reservoir embankment reinforcement in river section of Yakou reservoir area Table 2-8 Schedule of sensitive receptors of Yakou Navigation Complex Project Table 4-1 Dam site comparison chart Table 4-2 Normal water level options comparison Table 4-3 Comparison of complex layout configuration options Table 4-4 Comparison of fish pass facilities Table 4-5 Comparison of fish pass options Table 5-1 Fish stock breeding and releasing scale (ten thousand fish) of Yakou Navigation Complex Project Table 6-1 Characteristics of the upper, middle and lower reaches of Han River Basin Table 7-1 General information of cultural heritages in project area Table 8-1 Overview of potential environmental impact of the 100kV transmission line Table 8-2 Environmental and social management framework for construction and operation period of the transmission line project Table 8-3 Impact and mitigation measures of road works Table 8-4 Impact of stockyards and mitigation measures Table 8-5 Impact of waste dump sites and mitigation measures Table 8-6 Impact of construction camps and mitigation measures Table 9-1 Potential environmental and social impacts of the resettlement area Table 10-2 Social Management Plan (SMP) for Yakou Navigation Complex Table 11-1 Yakou Navigation Complex Reservoir Backwater Embankment Reinforcement Project Table 11-2 Reservoir Embankment Project Impact on the Environment and Mitigation Measures Table 12-1 Early Public Consultation on Yakou Project EIA Table 12-2 Yakou Project EIA-Early Information Disclosure Table 12-3 Project stakeholders and their concerns Table 12-4 Public Consultation on Supplemental ESIA for Yakou Navigation Complex Project (by June of 2016) Table 12-5 Visit to the project area Table 12-6 Summary of the public meeting for supplemental ESIA Table 12-7 Interviews with the residents along the Han River for CEA 4 Table 12-8 Opinions of the representatives at the Xiangyang meeting Table 12-9 Opinions of the representatives at the Zhongxiang meeting Table 12-10 Yakou Navigation Complex Project Information Disclosure
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Controls on Modern Erosion and the Development of the Pearl River Drainage in the Late Paleogene
    Marine Geology xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/margo Invited research article Controls on modern erosion and the development of the Pearl River drainage in the late Paleogene ⁎ Chang Liua, Peter D. Clifta,b, , Andrew Carterc, Philipp Böningd, Zhaochu Hue, Zhen Sunf, Katharina Pahnked a Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA b School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China c Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK d Max Planck Research Group for Marine Isotope Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, 26129, Germany e State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China f Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510301, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The Pearl River and its tributaries drains large areas of southern China and has been the primary source of Zircon sediment to the northern continental margin of the South China Sea since its opening. In this study we use a Nd isotope combination of bulk sediment geochemistry, Nd and Sr isotope geochemistry, and single grain zircon U-Pb Erosion dating to understand the source of sediment in the modern drainage. We also performed zircon U-Pb dating on Provenance Eocene sedimentary rocks sampled by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 349 in order to Pearl River constrain the source of sediment to the rift before the Oligocene.
    [Show full text]
  • 4936418 Yijingli Graduati ... 112913.Pdf
    Graduation Plan Master of Science Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences M a s t e r o f S c i e n c e A r c h i t e c t u r e , U r b a n i s m & B u i l d i n g S c i e n c e s Graduation Plan: All tracks Submit your Graduation Plan to the Board of Examiners (Examencommissie- [email protected]), Mentors and Delegate of the Board of Examiners one week before P2 at the latest. The graduation plan consists of at least the following data/segments: Personal information Name Yijing Li Student number 4936418 Telephone number Private e-mail address Studio Name / Theme Pear River Delta Main mentor Steffen Nijhuis Landscape Architecture Second mentor Lei Qu Urbanism Argumentation of choice In my bachelor study, I was always interested in the urban of the studio problems with the development of fast urbanization. I had lived in Beijing for seven years, and have a deep understanding of city disease. I have interest in how to tackle with or alleviate these problems from a landscape perspective. Through researching in this lab, I hope I can find some landscape principles or strategies for urban problems. Graduation project Title of the graduation Identify/ explore landscape based strategies and design principles project for water resilient industrial transformation in Shunde District Goal Location: Shunde district, Foshan city, Guangdong Province, China The posed Shunde is located in the middle of Pearl River Delta plain, where Xi river and problem, Bei river merged.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    INDEX Aodayixike Qingzhensi Baisha, 683–684 Abacus Museum (Linhai), (Ordaisnki Mosque; Baishui Tai (White Water 507 Kashgar), 334 Terraces), 692–693 Abakh Hoja Mosque (Xiang- Aolinpike Gongyuan (Olym- Baita (Chowan), 775 fei Mu; Kashgar), 333 pic Park; Beijing), 133–134 Bai Ta (White Dagoba) Abercrombie & Kent, 70 Apricot Altar (Xing Tan; Beijing, 134 Academic Travel Abroad, 67 Qufu), 380 Yangzhou, 414 Access America, 51 Aqua Spirit (Hong Kong), 601 Baiyang Gou (White Poplar Accommodations, 75–77 Arch Angel Antiques (Hong Gully), 325 best, 10–11 Kong), 596 Baiyun Guan (White Cloud Acrobatics Architecture, 27–29 Temple; Beijing), 132 Beijing, 144–145 Area and country codes, 806 Bama, 10, 632–638 Guilin, 622 The arts, 25–27 Bama Chang Shou Bo Wu Shanghai, 478 ATMs (automated teller Guan (Longevity Museum), Adventure and Wellness machines), 60, 74 634 Trips, 68 Bamboo Museum and Adventure Center, 70 Gardens (Anji), 491 AIDS, 63 ack Lakes, The (Shicha Hai; Bamboo Temple (Qiongzhu Air pollution, 31 B Beijing), 91 Si; Kunming), 658 Air travel, 51–54 accommodations, 106–108 Bangchui Dao (Dalian), 190 Aitiga’er Qingzhen Si (Idkah bars, 147 Banpo Bowuguan (Banpo Mosque; Kashgar), 333 restaurants, 117–120 Neolithic Village; Xi’an), Ali (Shiquan He), 331 walking tour, 137–140 279 Alien Travel Permit (ATP), 780 Ba Da Guan (Eight Passes; Baoding Shan (Dazu), 727, Altitude sickness, 63, 761 Qingdao), 389 728 Amchog (A’muquhu), 297 Bagua Ting (Pavilion of the Baofeng Hu (Baofeng Lake), American Express, emergency Eight Trigrams; Chengdu), 754 check
    [Show full text]
  • Coal, Water, and Grasslands in the Three Norths
    Coal, Water, and Grasslands in the Three Norths August 2019 The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH a non-profit, federally owned enterprise, implementing international cooperation projects and measures in the field of sustainable development on behalf of the German Government, as well as other national and international clients. The German Energy Transition Expertise for China Project, which is funded and commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi), supports the sustainable development of the Chinese energy sector by transferring knowledge and experiences of German energy transition (Energiewende) experts to its partner organisation in China: the China National Renewable Energy Centre (CNREC), a Chinese think tank for advising the National Energy Administration (NEA) on renewable energy policies and the general process of energy transition. CNREC is a part of Energy Research Institute (ERI) of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). Contact: Anders Hove Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH China Tayuan Diplomatic Office Building 1-15-1 No. 14, Liangmahe Nanlu, Chaoyang District Beijing 100600 PRC [email protected] www.giz.de/china Table of Contents Executive summary 1 1. The Three Norths region features high water-stress, high coal use, and abundant grasslands 3 1.1 The Three Norths is China’s main base for coal production, coal power and coal chemicals 3 1.2 The Three Norths faces high water stress 6 1.3 Water consumption of the coal industry and irrigation of grassland relatively low 7 1.4 Grassland area and productivity showed several trends during 1980-2015 9 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Feature Article Assessing China’S Response to the Challenge of Environmental Health
    FEATURE ARTICLE Assessing China’s Response to the Challenge of Environmental Health By Xiaoqing Lu and Bates Gill China is facing major environmental challenges and the government now is undertaking a significant reevaluation of its response. China’s booming growth over the past two decades resulted in a wide range of devastating consequences for the environment that are having an increasingly adverse effect on the nation’s economy, public health, and social stability. Escalating environmental threats to human health afflict many parts of China. However, the health impacts of environmental pollution may be most severe in southern China—a hotspot for poorly regulated but very high-paced industrial development—and among rural citizens throughout the country who lack resources and healthcare coverage to treat pollution-induced illnesses. As the Chinese leadership gradually awakens to the tension between economic growth and environmental protection, they must prioritize the human health impact of China’s environmental crisis, which has been largely ignored. Major gaps include insufficient intergovernmental coordination on environmental health issues and a noted lack of nongovernmental organization and public involvement in addressing the issue. Some promising international research initiatives are being undertaken, which could address the severe lack of environmental health data. Ultimately what is needed is a comprehensive, interagency and collaborative strategy to stop China’s environmental health crisis from getting worse. CHINA’s Worsening POLLUTION losses. China’s first research report on a “green PROBLEM national economy,” by the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning and the National Bureau The magnitude of the pollution problem in China of Statistics, indicates China may have suffered a is alarming.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rule of Law in China: Incremental Progress by Jamie P
    The Rule of Law in China: Incremental Progress By Jamie P. Horsley March 2006 Western media reporting on China does not give the impression of a rule of law country. We read of frequent corruption scandals, a harsh criminal justice system still plagued by the use of torture, increasingly violent and widespread social unrest over unpaid wages, environmental degradation and irregular takings of land and housing. Outspoken academics, activist lawyers, investigative journalists and other champions of the di sadvantaged and unfortunate are arrested, restrained or lose their jobs. Entrepreneurs have their successful businesses expropriated by local governments in seeming violation of the recently added Constitutional guarantee to protect private property. Citi zens pursue their grievances more through extra -judicial avenues than in weak and politically submissive courts. Yet China’s economy gallops ahead, apparently confounding conventional wisdom that economic development requires the rule of law. At its core, “rule of law” connotes a system under which law acts as a curb on state and private power. One of the essential functions of a legal system in a transitional country like China is to provide and enforce rules to facilitate the emergence of private orderin g in a market economy. Rules are to be set in advance and applied consistently, equally, transparently and uniformly by independent courts that serve as a backstop to protect civil, property, political and human rights. China’s leaders also promote anoth er essential function of law, which is to order and regulate the exercise of government power. China is in the process of developing a solid body of administrative law to help restructure the functions and operation of formerly all -powerful government bur eaucracies, so as to limit their interference with market activity while implementing systems to achieve rational regulation and more effective social management.
    [Show full text]
  • Shifting Tides China’S Boat People Plot an Uncertain Course
    AT FOUR SEA WIN A 2- N SON IGHT STAY S R E SORT CHIANG MAI Shifting Tides China’s Boat People Plot an Uncertain Course 城市漫步上海 英文版 7 月份 国内统一刊号: CN 11-5233/GO China Intercontinental Press JULY 2018 that’s Shanghai 《城市漫步》上海版 英文月刊 主管单位 : 中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室 Supervised by the State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China 主办单位 : 五洲传播出版社 地址 : 中国北京 北京西城月坛北街 26 号恒华国际商务中心南楼 11 层文化交流中心 邮编 100045 Published by China Intercontinental Press Address: 11th Floor South Building, HengHua linternational Business Center, 26 Yuetan North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100045, PRC http://www.cicc.org.cn 社长 President of China Intercontinental Press: 陈陆军 Chen Lujun 期刊部负责人 Supervisor of Magazine Department: 付平 Fu Ping 主编 Executive Editor: 袁保安 Yuan Baoan 编辑 Editor: 朱莉莉 Zhu Lili 发行 Circulation: 李若琳 Li Ruolin Chief Editor Dominic Ngai Section Editors Erica Martin, Cristina Ng Production Manager Ivy Zhang Designer Joan Dai, Nuo Shen Contributors Mia Li, Logan Brouse, Noelle Mateer, Matthew Bossons, Dominique Wong, Iris Wang, Valerie Osipov, Tess Humphrys, Yuzhou Hu, Aimee Burlamacchi, Yannick Faillard, Chloe Dumont, Samantha Kennedy, Molly Jett, Daniel Plafker, Tristin Zhang Copy Editor Amy Fabris-Shi HK FOCUS MEDIA Shanghai (Head office) 上海和舟广告有限公司 上海市蒙自路 169 号智造局 2 号楼 305-306 室 邮政编码 : 200023 Room 305-306, Building 2, No.169 Mengzi Lu, Shanghai 200023 电话 : 021-8023 2199 传真 : 021-8023 2190 Guangzhou 上海和舟广告有限公司广州分公司 广州市越秀区麓苑路 42 号大院 2 号楼 610 室 邮政编码 : 510095 Room 610, No. 2 Building, Area 42, Luyuan Lu, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510095 电话 : 020-8358
    [Show full text]
  • W Hat Is China?
    W h a t Is C hina? 9 % WHAT IS China? £ l % % Territory, Ethnicity, Culture, and History W G E ZHAOGUANG Translated, by MICHAEL GIBBS HILL THE BELKNAP PRESS OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England 2 0 1 8 Copyright © 2018 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved P rinted in the U nited States o f America First printing of this book was aided by a grant from the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation *°r International Scholarly Exchange. FlrStP^ I l hed in.G^ neSe^asH^ ^ h o n gguo;Jiangyu,minzu, w y u ts I m . ^ XfbSSflg*) y O xford University Press (China) Ltd., Hong Kong, 2014. Libr, of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Ge, Zhaoguang, 1950_ author. | H ill, Michael Title-Wi, • (Mlchacl Gibbs), translator. G eZ h a m a? : ^er^UO^y, culture, and history/ Zhaoguang; translated by Michael Gibbs Hill Description- Ca^h He Wei 2honSS“°- English University Press, *aS8achuse“s = The Belknap Press ofHarvard Identifiers: LCGM <> U^CS bibliographical references and index. Subjects: LCSH: China—FT^ ^ 9 ^ |ISBN 978o674737143 (alk. paper) Chinese Attitudes. I ChinTT character^ics, Chinese. | I Ghina-Civihzat,on. | China-Boundaries. | Classification- LCC LC record available ? G44913 2018 1 DDC 9 5 > - to 3 a ltps://lccn.Ioc.gov/2017035842 CONTENTS Preface vii Translator’s Introduction lx Introduction: On the Historical Formation of “China” and the Dilemma of Chinese Identity 1 1. Worldviews: From “AlI-under-Heaven” in Ancient China to the “Myriad States” in the Modern World 28 2. Borders: On “Chinese” Territory 5° 3- Ethnicity: Including the “Four Barbarians” in “China”? 64 4- History: Chinese Culture from a Long-Term Perspective 95 5- Peripheries: How China, Korea, and Japan Have Understood One Another since the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 122 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Geo-Data: the World Geographical Encyclopedia
    Geodata.book Page iv Tuesday, October 15, 2002 8:25 AM GEO-DATA: THE WORLD GEOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA Project Editor Imaging and Multimedia Manufacturing John F. McCoy Randy Bassett, Christine O'Bryan, Barbara J. Nekita McKee Yarrow Editorial Mary Rose Bonk, Pamela A. Dear, Rachel J. Project Design Kain, Lynn U. Koch, Michael D. Lesniak, Nancy Cindy Baldwin, Tracey Rowens Matuszak, Michael T. Reade © 2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale For permission to use material from this prod- Since this page cannot legibly accommodate Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, uct, submit your request via Web at http:// all copyright notices, the acknowledgements Inc. www.gale-edit.com/permissions, or you may constitute an extension of this copyright download our Permissions Request form and notice. Gale and Design™ and Thomson Learning™ submit your request by fax or mail to: are trademarks used herein under license. While every effort has been made to ensure Permissions Department the reliability of the information presented in For more information contact The Gale Group, Inc. this publication, The Gale Group, Inc. does The Gale Group, Inc. 27500 Drake Rd. not guarantee the accuracy of the data con- 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331–3535 tained herein. The Gale Group, Inc. accepts no Farmington Hills, MI 48331–3535 Permissions Hotline: payment for listing; and inclusion in the pub- Or you can visit our Internet site at 248–699–8006 or 800–877–4253; ext. 8006 lication of any organization, agency, institu- http://www.gale.com Fax: 248–699–8074 or 800–762–4058 tion, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or pub- ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Cover photographs reproduced by permission No part of this work covered by the copyright lisher.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    SFG2574 REV WB-Funded Project Public Disclosure Authorized Han River Inland Waterway Improvement Project in Hubei (Yakou Navigation Complex Project) Cumulative Effects Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized (Project Supplemental Environmental Impact Assessment Report) Public Disclosure Authorized July 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized Acronyms and Abbreviations CEA/CIA Cumulative Effects/Impacts Assessment CEQ Council for Environmental Quality EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment IFC International Finance Group HRB Han River Basin MLHR Middle and Lower Reaches of Han River MEP Ministry of Environmental Protection NEPA National Environmental Policy Act (United States) NGO Non-governmental Organizations RCIA Rapid Cumulative Impact Assessment RFFAs Reasonably Foresseable Future Activities VECs Valued Environmental Components RFFA Reasonably Foreseeable Future Actions SEPA State Environmental Protection Agency WB World Bank WBG World Bank Group mu 1 hactare = 15 mu - I - Contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Yakou Complex ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Han River Basin and Cascade Development .................................................................... 3 1.3 CEA Purpose, Scope and Methodology ........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Road to Shu Is Hard, As Hard As Climbing to Heaven”
    The Baoye Road to Shu – from Guanzhong to Yu Pen The Plank Roads across the Qinling China has been the source of great engineering innovation over thousands of years. Any doubt of the depth of these achievements is likely to be due to a lack of awareness that can be quickly dispelled even by just a glance at the contents list of Prof. Joseph Needham’s classic set “Science and Civilisation in China”. On the travels described here I was told that someone (I did not find out who) had nominated the top three as the Great Wall (which runs across the north of China), the Grand Canal (or Dayun He, which ran from Hangzhou in Zhejiang to Beijing as a transport route and will be revitalized again soon to take water from the south of China to the north) and the Plank roads across the Qinling between present day Shaanxi and Sichuan. The Roads from Guanzhong to Shu over the Qinling The plank roads are sometimes simply known as the Shu roads or the roads from Guanzhong to Shu. Shu was the ancient name for the area of Sichuan near Chengdu and the Guanzhong (关中), or “land inside the passes” is a name for the part of Shaanxi along the Wei river valley. The Chinese poet Li Bai travelled on the Shu roads in the Tang period and wrote a famous poem whose title can be translated as “The hard road to Shu”. 1 In the poem the first and last lines say glumly “The road to Shu is hard, as hard as climbing to heaven”.
    [Show full text]
  • River Chief System” Policy: an Empirical Study Based on Environmental Monitoring Samples of China
    water Article The Effectiveness of “River Chief System” Policy: An Empirical Study Based on Environmental Monitoring Samples of China Wanhua Li, Yaodong Zhou * and Zhijia Deng School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University (BJTU), Beijing 100044, China; [email protected] (W.L.); [email protected] (Z.D.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-135-5285-0263 Abstract: There has been controversy in theory and practice among studies about the governance of the “River Chief System” (RCS) policy and the watershed management issues behind it. This paper uses the regression discontinuity (RD) method and the water pollution monitoring data of 150 state-controlled monitoring points in China from 2007 to 2018 at the China National Environmen- tal Monitoring Station to empirically study the effect of the “River Chief System” on water pollution treatment and the influencing factors behind the effect of the “River Chief System”. The results show that the “River Chief System” policy has a positive impact on river pollution treatment in the observation term. The implementation effectiveness of the “River Chief System” is limited by factors such as the boundaries of the river chief’s jurisdictions, the administrative conflict among river chiefs, local government environmental expenditure capacity, and environmental pressure. It is believed that the key to basin governance is to further improve the synergistic model of basin governance among regions. Citation: Li, W.; Zhou, Y.; Deng, Z. Keywords: the “River Chief System” policy; watershed governance; effectiveness; regression discon- The Effectiveness of “River Chief tinuity; inter-basin System” Policy: An Empirical Study Based on Environmental Monitoring Samples of China.
    [Show full text]