CONCORDIA THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY

Matthias Flacius lllyricw. HENRY W. REIMANN

The Pastor's Role in ~ocial Action NORMAN TEMME

Brief Studies

Homiletics

Theological Observer

Book Review

VOL. XXXV February 1964 No.2 BOOK REVIEW

All books reviewed in this periodical may be procured from 01' through Concordia Pub­ lishing House, 3558 South Jefferson Avenue, St. Lotlis, Missouri 63118.

MULTIPURPOSE TOOLS FOR BIBLE a dry-as-dust chronicle? He is in for a sur- STUDY. By Frederick W. Danker. Saint prise! He is in for a great many surprises, Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1960. as a matter of fact, surprises that will delight, xviii and 289 pages. Cloth. $3.75. inform, challenge, stimulate, and - most So many students of the Sacred Scriptures important - drive him back to the sacred have been purchasing and recommending text. this admirable guide as to necessitate a new Danker writes with flair throughout. His printing. This review is written for the bene­ qualifications for doing this book are excep­ fit and encouragement of those pastors, lay tional. He has a comprehensive grasp of Bible students, and librarians who have not both the older and the newer literature that yet acquired a copy. transcends denominational and religious lines The preacher-teacher will find it ? lfT)ost (most of his readers will not feel cheated indispensable, once he has begun to use it. by such bibliographical defects as exist with From it, for 1:1 anee, he will disco"lcr how~ reference to ,yorks in French, Sp ioll, and great a contribution his Nestle's Novmn Italian). He reveals a fine sense of objec­ Testamentztm Graece, his Kittel's Biblia He­ tivity, not least in his refusal to let personal braica, and (if he has been foresighted preferences dominate his commentary recom­ enough to acquire it) his Rahlfs' Septuaginta mendations. His critical judgment is bal­ can really make to his effectiveness as an anced, and he has the practical sense of interpreter of the Sacred Scriptures, after a pastor turned professor without ceasing to this book has taught him how to unlock the be a pastor, plus a profound and pervading vast resources that generations of patient reverence for the written word of the living scholarship have cached within the covers God. of these books. But this is only the begin­ The pastor who does not have Multipur­ ning. Does the reader want a critical assess­ pose Tools in both his own and his parish ment of the King James Version or the library should not deprive himself or his Revised Standard Version? He has it here. people of its help any longer! Does he want to have the contributions that ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN archaeology has made to Biblical interpreta­ tion evaluated? There is a whole chapter CHURCH DOGMATICS (Kirchliche Dog­ on the subject, plus another devoted to the matik). VoL IV, Part 3. By Karl Barth. Qumran scrolls. Does he want to know Translated by G. W. Bromiley. Edin­ which commentary to buy? He will find burgh: T. & T. Clark, 1962. 963 pages. a full and up-to-date discussion, plus a check­ Cloth. Two volumes. 50/- per volume. list of the best commentaries in English With the appearance of these two half published during the last five decades on volumes the entire Church Dogmatics of each book of the Sacred Scriptures. Does he Karl Barth as far as it has been published imagine that the history of grammars and is now available to the English reader. lexicons of the sacred languages has to be The volume constitutes the third part of 116 BOOK REVIEW 117 the doctrine of reconciliation and deals with For Barth, in contrast to Tillich and the meaning and scope of the prophetic office others, Jesus as the Light of life is also the of Christ. (A fourth part on the ethics of only Prophet whom we should follow. There reconciliation will be published in German is no other prophet to shed light, no other in 1963.) It is notable that Barth would approach to God, just as there is no other expend such monumental labors on this sub­ Mediator and bearer of righteousness. ject when earlier theologians have given it Barth, however, separates Christ the only only perfunctory attention or bypassed it Prophet from all prophecy and apostolic altogether. It might, however, be pointed preaching; these are only a secondary word out that earlier theologians (for example, of God which derive from the primary Word Calov) have said much on the prophetic and are subjected to it. This curious division office of Christ in their section de ecclesia, which was already apparent in Vol. I, Parts whereas Barth here considers the doctrine of 1 and 2, is due to Barth's failure to dis­ the call, church, and ministry under the head­ tinguish between a material and a formal ing of reconciliation, or Christ's prophetic principle of theology, inasmuch as he makes office. Barth's reason for dealing so thor­ Christ both. But this becomes quite an im­ oughly with the subject is his conviction that possible position when, for instance, he reconciliation is not a mere past act of God, maintains that the Vlord of the Bible is true but that it discloses, mediates, and reveals when it "coincides with the Word spoken in itself today, and thus summons us to con­ Jesus Christ." In contrast to Barth, orthodox scious) graceful, anG. intclli15 ...... t'.... .L ..~""':pation theology has a: .. _1 o :.~:":' ..:...• ..;..~ .t'.ophetic in its occurrence. Reconciliation is not a and apostolic Word is the Word of Christ. dark and dumb event, but a perspicuous and A surprise in the present volume is Barth's vocal one. discussion of "a true word" being proclaimed Barth ;nir;"tes his work on the prophetic by those totally extra muros ecclesiae, even office under the present-tense heading outside the pale of Christianity. It is not "Christ Lives." This is the objective fact be­ entirely clear what Barth means at this point hind all preaching - and also behind and whether this position can be reconciled Christ's prophetic office, which transcends the with his former denial of namral theology. Old Testament concept of prophet in that He But this much he says: "It is no fair test if is Mediator. At the same time Old Testa­ we dismiss these words in advance on the ment prophecy is thoroughly Messianic. The ground that we have in them only the basi­ history of Israel is His history, its revelation cally and finally unilluminating insights and His revelation. And this revelation is self­ virmes of the natural man and therefore authenticating. It involves a betrayal even to splendida vitia." The length and difficulty ask how all this can be proved, as Feuer­ Barth has with this consideration indicates bach did. On this important point (particu­ that we have a sort of appendage here to larly in our day of confident empiricism) some of his earlier strong statements against Barth speaks very well, although he has still natural revelation. Barth at this point is not told us the means and vehicle whereby striving to avoid Docetism and to maintain God authenticates His revelation of Jesus that the setting and background of the event Christ. "The declaration of the life of Jesus and revelation of reconciliation is a real Christ is valid as and because it is a declara­ creaturely world. This is highly necessary tion concerning the life of Jesus Christ." after some of his inferences in former vol­ And if this is a circle, it is a circttlus vir­ umes of his dogmatics. titosus. In this long double volume we perhaps 118 BOOK REVIEW see. two reasons why Barth has enjoyed such saints in light, and the great High Priest that a long popularity and why theologians have is passed into the heavens," is in this re­ been willing to read thousands of his pages: viewer's opinion every whit as good as the Barth does a lot of preaching in all his dog­ other two. There is the same humor, albeit matics and his theology is hopeful and opti- generally gentler and less mordant; the same mistic. ROBERT D. PREUS awareness of what we human beings are, even when we are in Christ, the same prac­ DAS GEMEINKATHOLISCHE MITTEL­ tical skill in applying the abstractions of ALTERLICHE ERBE BEIM JUNGEN theological reflection. Primarily concerned LUTHER. By Gottfried EdeL Marburg­ as it is with two of the most elusive loci an-der-Lahn: Verlag Dr. R. F. Edel, c. in dogmatics, the doctrine of the angels and 1962. 128 pages. Paper. DM 7.80. the doctrine of the last things, the book in­ The author propounds the question: "How evitably will not command intellectual assent did the young Luther understand, apply, use to every statement from every reader, but [Roman} Catholic doctrine?" He holds that this will not significantly impair its value none of the varied answers given to this as a manual of devotion or a basis for edi­ question has been satisfactory. To obtain a fication. Don't wait till next Michaelmas satisfactory answer, he believes, the ground to get a copy; order one now. must first be prepared for further investiga­ ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN tion. This dissertation, presented to the THE CULTIC PROPHET IN ANCIENT Philoso:,h;~D 1 Faculty of the John Gutenberg University at Mayence, is intended as a be­ ISRAEL. By Aubrey R. Johnson, Sec­ ginning towards that purpose. It deals with ond edition. Cardiff: University of Wales Luther's early concept of tradition. The Press, 1962. viii and 91 pages. 15/-. primary and secondary materials used by the In his preface to this second edition John- author are clearly indicated. The fact that son draws attention to the unwarranted Joseph Lortz and Ludwig Petry served as the conclusion drawn by some of his critics that author's Referent and Korreferent respec­ he had portrayed all the canonical prophets tively reflects the significance of this study. as cultic functionaries. Johnson points out L. W. SPITZ, SR. that there were numerous cultic prophets who took a legitimate pa!:t in formal wor­ SHOUT FOR JOY. By David Head. New ship, ritual acts, cult divination, oracular York: The Macmillan Company, 1962. pronunciations, musical guilds and similar 156 pages. Cloth. $1.95. duties associated with the sanctuary. The In He Sent Leanness: A Book of Prayer professional prophet, like the priest, was an for the Natural Man Head demonstrated his accepted figure among the religious personnel mastery of the art of sacred sarcasm as a of the cultus. The canonical prophets, some device for teaching Christians what a Lu­ of whom may have been cultic prophets, theran would call the first use of the Law. condemned the abuse rather than the pres­ Stammerer's Tongue, Head's second book, ence of the office of professional cult ostensibly addressed itself to the needs of prophet. Through this book the student is the infant in Christianity. Shout for Joy, sub­ led to a deeper appreciation of the prophetic titled "a book of prayers faintly echoing the office, for "the prophet was not only a spokes­ voices of seraphim and cherubim and man of Yahweh; he was also the representa­ thrones, dominions, virtues and powers, tive of the people. He was not only a giver principalities, angels and archangels, the of oracles; he was also expert in the tech- BOOK REVIEW 119 nique of addressing Yahweh, i. e., in offering were both traditionalists, obviously again prayer" (p. 75). And we might add, by not with the same accents. way of comparison, that the office of the Outstanding in Davies' treatment is his modern parish pastor is in some ways similar recurring concern with the sacraments. He to that of the ancient professional cultic permits scarcely a chapter to carry his theme prophet. NORMAN C. HABEL forward without reverting to this topic. WORSHIP AND THEOLOGY IN ENG- Those who come to this book with the LAND FROM WATTS AND WESLEY expectation of finding it a history of theology TO MAURICE, 1690-1850. By Horton in England with some reference to liturgical Davies. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton forms, will find too little in it. Those who University Press, 1961. xiv and 355 pages. come with the expectation of finding a Cloth. $7.50. critique of liturgical usages in theological thrusts, will not find it to be enough. Those In the period between 1690 and 1740 who accept Davies' own evaluation of his Rationalistic moralism was dominant in task will find that he has well completed England. Between 1740 and 1830 Evan­ what he set out to do. CARL S. MEYER gelicalism prevailed. Traditionalism was a strong force in the period from 1830 to PREACHING AND CONGREGATION. 1850. Into these three periods Horton By Jean-Jacques von Allmen. Translated Davies has divided his treatment of English from the French by B. 1. Nicholas. Rich­ theology and worship from the time of Wil­ mond, Va.: John Knox Press, 1962. 65 liam and Mary into the reign of Queen pages and index. Paper. $1.50. Victoria. About 35 percent of the book is This modest paperback compresses a huge devoted to the first period; 28 percent to the amount within few pages. It couples high second; 18 percent to the third; and 11 per­ theology of preaching with sensible and cent to the introduction, bibliography, and urgent concern for effective method in index. The proportion pertains to more than preparation and delivery. Not since Reu's space. The first section is more penetrating Homiletics has this reviewer seen so clear theologically and broader in its scope than a demand upon the preacher to envision his the other two sections. Tradition and Scrip­ task of edifying the congregation composed ture, the relative importance of the sermon of baptized Christians. The author, already and of the sacrament, the worth of Watts's familiar to thousands as the editor of A Com­ hymns, and the architecture of Wren's panion to the Bible, reveals his Reformed "auditory" churches are some of the topics background in his effort to delineate con­ treated. trasts between the liturgy and the sermon. Davies remarks: "The study of the aspira­ Yet he also stresses the importance of sermon tion and adoration of entire Christian com­ and Eucharist in the same service, as a "re­ munions and communities is a profound presentation" of the ministry of Jesus in clue to the interpretation of religious life Galilee and in Jerusalem as Prophet and as at any period" (p. 6). He studies the Estab­ Priest. "It is impossible to overemphasize lished Church in England together with the the absolute necessity of serious exegetical Dissenters, the Baptists, the Congregation­ knowledge in the preparation of a sermon" alists, and the Presbyterians. The Unitarians (p. 51) . "We are neither dervishes nor and the Methodists, obviously not with the demagogues" (p. 56). "We should not hesi­ same accents, influenced the church life of tate to join the so-called catholic communions England. The Tractarians and F. D. Maurice in making the ministry part of the esse of 120 BOOK REVIEW the Church" (p. 62). There are dozens of to Oregon. He seemed to gravitate to the bon-mots in this little book. Even where places where the work was the most difficult the Lutheran reader holds back ungrudging and the people the wickedest. The style is assent, he will find himself stirred to a more simple, almost crude, but the book mirrors thoughtful ministry of preaching. the customs and problems connnected with RICHARD R. CAEMMERER frontier life in the 1850s in an exceedingly readable and exciting way. THE GREEK STONES SPEAK: THE ROBERT D. PREUS STORY OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN GREEK LANDS. By Paul MacKendrick. REVIVALISM AND SEPARATISM IN New York: St. Martin's Press, 1962. NEW ENGLAND, 1740-1800: Strict xviii and 470 pages. Cloth. $7.50. Congregationalists and Sepa,ate Baptists The Greek Stones Speak is as good as in the Great Awakening. By C. C. Goen. MacKendrick's earlier book, The Mute Stones New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962. Speak; a standard of excellence that was not x and 370 pages. Cloth. $ 7.5 O. easy to maintain. This volume is an ideal The morphology of separatism becomes introduction for the general reader to the evident - although this is not the thrust of great sites of the ancient Greek world. Its Goen's work - in this treatment of New University of \1Visconsin author writes with EngLmd's churches of the second half of the verve, clarity, and precision, a triad not often 18th century. Standards of church member­ found. 07eI 175 plan;; and illustrations ship BDd conditions of fellowship involve supplement the text beautifully. Different questions of ecclesiastical jurisdiction and readers will have different preferences; all become enmeshed in theological issues. will understand the contribution of archae­ Practical and legal points become necessary ology to cultural history and the methods by concomitants. Pragmatic considerations which the archaeologist works. To this among Separatists weigh heavily as motives reader the chapter on Hellenistic sites was for interchurch relations with other sepa­ the best. Delightful enough to while away ratists. Even super-congregationalist Baptist the hours of leisure, precise enough not to organizations find associations useful. In mislead, and stimulating enough to make you their relations with society the voluntary and want more, the book fulfills its announced individualistic groups which formed congre­ purpose well. (The author is probably not gations became an important factor in the responsible for the fact that the statues embodiment of the principle of religious freedom which the United States of America reproducedDn the end-papers face in the enjoys. wrong direction.) EDGAR KRENTZ Goen's analysis of the separatist congrega­ SCENES OF EARLIER DAYS. By Charles tions of New England after the Great Howard Crawford. Chicago: Quadrangle Awakening is, on these scores, a most wel­ Books, 1962. 186 pages. Cloth. $5.25. come contribution. With Gaustad's work 011 This volume, one of the America Classics the Great Awakening it deserves to rank series of interesting old books being repub­ as a major interpretation of the 18th-century lished by Quadrangle Books, relates the religious history of this country. At times adventures and difficulties encountered by the details become a bit tedious, but they the author. a fearless, conservative, pietistic add substance to the analysis. Goen has or­ Presbyterian minister, when he crossed the ganized his material well in an arrangement plains in the middle 19th century on the way that accents the lucidity of his presentation. BOOK REVIEW 121

His chapters on the issues of separatism (ch. cot, William d'Eyncourt, Thomas Hopeman, II) and the characteristics of the Separates Thomas Ringstead, and John Lathbury. They (ch. V) stand out. Chapter IV, which deals flourished in the period between 1320 and with the Separate leaders and doctrines, tells 1350. Waleys and Holeot were noted theo­ about some interesting leaders, such as logians. Among the forerunnners of these Ebenezer Frothingham. Isaac Bacchus domi­ seven - they did not form a school among nates the later chapters dealing with the themselves, nor did they descend from a Baptists, as well he must. Interesting is school, nor did they found a school - were Goen's blaming of James Davenport for the John of Wales and Nicholas Trevet. Trevet excesses of the revivals. Goen also gives us ("theologian, biblicist, Hebraist, historian, another date to remember in American and classicist") wrote a commentary on Au­ church history - 1781, the Killingly Con­ gustine's De civitate Dei. So did Waleys and vention, "the year when the Separates may Ridevall, both of whom, according to Smal­ be said to have merged as a denomination." ley, surpass Trevet. Waleys' commentary on Goen has promised to write the sequel this work was his main contribution to clas­ to the rise and spread of the Separates in sical scholarship. Waleys also left Moralitates New England. If it measures up to the pres­ on a number of Old Testament books. Hol­ ent work it will provide a second volume of cot produced Biblical commentaries, sermons, very good church history from this author's and Morai4tates. For Smalley'S purposes the pen. CARL S. MEYER classical references in these works are im­ portant. Forgeries were collected by John ENGLISH FRIARS AND ANTIQUITY IN Lathbury - unwittingly. THE EARLY FOURTEENTH CEN­ French and Italians are brought into the TURY. By Beryl Smalley. New York: picture; a discussion of early humanism in Barnes and Noble, [1961}. xvi and 398 Italy constirutes an important chapter. pages. Cloth. $9.50. There is much, very much that ought to be Miss Smalley, Fellow of St. Hilda's Col­ said in praise of this book. It is a genuine lege, Oxford, has searched deeply and written contribution to knowledge, although it is exquisitely about seven friar doctors and not a doctor's dissertation. The copious foot­ their classicising activities in the early 14th notes will satisfy the most discriminating century. They wrote in Latin. Some of their scholar and will not distract the casual reader. works are in early printed editions; most of The latter is to be pitied for missing n. 5 them are in manuscript - the index of on p. 227, however. Sixty pages of appendix manuscripts in Smalley's book covers four I and appendix II are Latin quotations. pages. Some are lecrure notes, but even in We doff our hat in great admiration for garbled srudents' versions the interest of their this significant help towards a better under­ teachers in the classics is evident. A few are standing of the late Middle Ages. genuine scholars; a few of them are imagina­ CARL S. MEYER tive and given to fantasy, creators of spurious tales. Three of the seven preserve quotations HANDBOOK OF PREACHING RE­ from books now lost, literarure of a classi­ SOURCES FROM ENGLISH LITERA­ cising kind. What was their influence on the TURE. Edited by James Douglas Robert­ English revival of humane letters known as son. New York: Macmillan Company, the Renaissance? 1962. 251 pages, plus indexes of topics The . seven friar doctors treated are: and of authors and sources. Cloth. $5.00. Thomas Waleys, John Ridevall, Robert Hol- The compiler, a born Scotsman, is profes- 122 BOOK REVmW

sor of preaching at Asbury Seminary in the theologians are indebted to this study, Wilmore, Kentucky. The 657 entries differ and Donne buffs will be surprised to discover from the average handbook of illustrations Donne's churchly and theological dimension. in that they are drawn largely from English RICHARD R. CAEMMERER and Scottish literature of the past. Evelyn Underhill is one of the most recent authors THE VIRGINIA BISHOP: A YANKEE represented; the Brownings, Dickens, Shake­ HERO OF THE CONFEDERACY. By speare, Tennyson, and Robert Louis Steven­ John Sumner Wood. Richmond, Va.: Gar­ son are among the more frequently quoted. rett and Massie, 1961. xiii and 187 pages. The result is a book which offers few items Cloth. $3.50. literally to be quoted in sermons, but many John Johns of Delaware (1796-1876), which will start the mind working. This president of the College of William and is a remarkably useful volume. Andrew W. Mary from 1849 to 1854, the fourth Angli­ Blackwood provides an appreciative intro- can bishop of Virginia from 1862 to 1876, duction. RICHARD R. CAEMMERER and professor of practical theology and JOHN DONNE: PREACHER. By William president of the Episcopal Theological Semi­ R. Mueller. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton nary in Virginia, 1868 to 1876, is a church­ University Press, 1962. 257 pages and man worth knowing about. The "ramblings" index. Cloth. $6.00. of author Wood (so he speaks of his own The author, chairman of the department efforts) are just that, with copious quota­ of English at Goucher College, studies the tions, decided prejudices, and unrestrained 160 extant sermons of John Donne as a flamboyancy. Wood's lack of training as a churchman and preacher, as a master of historian .is not so serious a handicap as to rhetorical style, and as a theologian. A care­ overcome his diligence and his obvious in­ ful biographical chapter tells the background terest in a colorful character. of the man who could excel in poetry, de­ CARL S. MEYER votional prose, and preaching. Though not ST. BERNARD OF CLAIR V AUX (VITA originally committed to the Anglican Church PRIMA BERNARDI). By William of or to the priesthood, he became one of the Saint Thierry, Arnold of Bonnevaux, nation's experts in cementing relations be­ Geoffrey and Philip of Clairvaux, and tween the crown's Roman and Anglican sub­ OdD of Deui!; translated by Geoffrey jects and ultimately dean of St. Paul's Webb and Adrian Walker. Westminster, Cathedral, London, England's most presti­ Md.: Newman Press, 1960. 130 pages. gious pulpit. Mueller's approach to his task Cloth. $2.75. is painstaking and his documentation more than ample; but more than that: it does jus­ This collection of five candid and elegantly tice to the theology of preaching. He begins simple memoirs, composed by devoted con­ with a study of Donne's insight into the temporaries and arranged in a semiconnected Christian calling. His analysis of rhetorical chronological sequence, has served as the patterns operates within the orbit of the task basic source for every succeeding biography of the preacher and not just the rhetorician. of the "last of the Fathers." St. Bernard of The survey of the doctrinal concepts and Clairvaux was a passionate mystic and an themes in Donne's sermons is competent, and outspoken advocate of monastic withdrawal the total work is a model for any study of and otherworldliness, whose life and thought­ a preacher. Not only the homileticians, but world was the miraculous, active presence BOOK REVIEW 123 of God. In addition, he exercised an enor­ Although the Vita does not succeed in re­ mously powerful influence in the political creating the living person of St. Bernard, arena of his day. Drawn into politics against and although we must be very cautious in his will, consenting only out of a desire to subscribing to the historical accuracy of many help the church, and armed with powerful of the accounts presented here, it survives as convictions and an overwhelming personality, a historically significant document made Bernard worked for reform and correct doc­ available in this English version to many trine and against the rebellion of both cleri­ readers to whom the Latin original was in- cal and secular leaders of Christendom. accessible. PHILIP J. SCHROEDER

BOOK NOTES

The Conservative Reformation and Its The Faith of Christendom: A Source Book Theology. By Charles Porterfield Krauth. of Creeds and Confessions. By Brian Albert Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, Gerrish. Cleveland: The World Publishing 1963. xvii and 840 pages. Cloth. $7.50. Company. 371 pages. Paper. $1.95. Ger­ Augsburg Publishing House, which has en­ rish, well remembered for his work on Lu­ riched the present generation of Lutherans ther, Grace and Reason (1962), here pro­ by reissuing Heinrich Schmid's Doctrinal vides in English a collection of the basic Theology of the Luthenm Church in the creeds of Christendom - the reconstructions translation of Hay and Jacobs, puts us deeper of the early Roman baptismal creed and of into its debt in making "vailable once more the "Old Roman Creed," the Apostles' Creed, the present memorable historico-dogmatic Lietzmann's hypothetical "model Oriental formulation of the classic Lutheran position Creed," the Creeds of Nicaea and Con­ by the sober, persuasive, and learned spokes­ stantinople, the Athanasian Creed, and the man of the 19th century confessional re­ Creed of Chalcedon; the German version of vival in English-speaking Lutheranism. The the Augsburg Confession (minus the intro­ measured style, the now somewhat dated duction) ; the Gallican Confession; the bibliographical references, the almost for­ Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion; the Ana­ gotten names of some of the contemporaries baptist Confession of Dordrecht of 1632; who are Krauth's immediate polemic targets the Tridentine Canons and Decrees on justi­ make it unnecessary for the reader to refer fication, the Eucharist, and the mass; and the to the original copyright date (1871) to dis­ Confession of Dositheus. The general in­ cover that the book is almost a century old. troduction and the special introductions are At the same time every Lutheran author of aptly done although the reader may have our time can only hope that his own work occasional reservations. A conclusion surveys will wear half as well as Krauth's magnum opus. It is an important historic landmark current developments and offers cautious in the history of Lutheran theology in the prophecy for the future. Documentation is New World; but it is more than that. It minimal; there is a useful bibliographical reads well; but that is the least of its virtues. note, as well as an appendix which lists the On page after page the 20th-century reader titles of the articles in the Reformation and will discover that it still speaks on many Post-Reformation creeds for ready reference points of contemporary significance with and an index of personal names. Gerrish startling relevance. No American Lutheran describes his work "as a contribution to clergyman's education is really complete un­ ecumenicity" (p. 11) which "may provide less he has read The Conservative Reforma­ at least basic materials for an introduction tion,- the present reissue, after years in which to comparative symbolics." (P.12) the book was all but unavailable, deserves to The Teaching of Jesus; Studies in Its Form be hailed with delight. and Content. By Thomas Walter Manson. 124 BOOK REVIEW

New York: Cambridge University Press, Abelard's theology, plus a bibliography and 1963. 351 pages. Paper. $1.95. Manson index. (1893-1958) left behind him a distin­ Miracles: A Preliminat'y Study. By Clive guished reputation as a New Testament Staples Lewis. New York: The Macmillan scholar and critic. The present work is a Company, 1963. 192 pages. Paper. 95 near-classic that has gone through eight cents. Ever since 1947, when it first came hard-cover printings since its initial publica­ out, this book has been a standatd text in tion in 1931; this paperback reproduces the the contemporary bibliography of apologetics. slightly revised second edition of 1935. "I am not a trained historian," says Lewis Manson described the book as "linked to­ in an introductory disclaimer, "and I shall gether by two main ideas. One is that the not examine the historical evidence for the substance of the Gospel 'is neither a dog­ Christian materials. My effort is to put my matic system nor an ethical code, but a readers in a position to do so." (Pp. 8, 9) Person and a Life.' The other is that the Henry James: The Major Phase. By F. O. key to the New Testament is the notion of Matthiessen. New York: Oxford University the 'saving remnant.''' (P.lx) Press, 1963. xvi and 190 pages. Paper. A Short History of the Interpretation of $l.35. T. S. Eliot called James one of the the Bible. By Robert M. Grant. New York: few great masters of our modern literature. The Macmillan Company, 1963. 224 pages. Matthiessen in his lifetime was a distin­ Paper. $1.45. This useful book was first guished James scholar. The substance of pubL~ __ ": :._ ~::-~:: """'e Bible in the this book coHstitUlea (he Alexander Lectures Church. The principal changes in this new at the University of Toronto in 1944. In edition renect the modifications that Grant's the work Matthiessen discusses The Ambas­ views have undergone in the interim and sadors, The Wings of the Dove, The Golden the recent developments that have necessi­ Bowl, The American Scene, and the un­ tated the recasting and expansion of the finished The Ivory Tower. An appendix closing chapter on the interpretation of the analyzes James' revision of his earlier master­ Sacred Scriptures. piece, The Portrait of a Lady. This pa.perback The Steps of Humility (De gt'adibus is a reissue, almost without change, of the humilitatis). By Bernard of Clairvaux. Trans­ original 1944 edition. lated by George Bosworth Burch. Notre F1"Om India to the Planet Mars: A Stttdy Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame of a Case of Somnambulism with Glossolalia. Press, 1963. xi and 287 pages. Paper. $1.95. By Theodore Flournoy. Translated from the Printed an unaltered reissue of the 1940 edi­ French by Daniel B. Vermilye. New Hyde tion, this work provides a careful and objec­ Park, N.Y.: University Book, 1963. xxxvi tive I 12-page presentation of the Mellifluous and 457 pages. Cloth. $10.00. "Helene Doctor's epistemology based on his complete Smith" was an end-of-the-19th-century Ge­ genuine works, plus on opposite pages a neva medium who claimed to be able to critical Latin text and an accurate but idio­ relive many episodes in the life of a 15th­ matic translation of De gradibus humilitatis. century south Indian queen called Simandini St. Bernard's great treatise on the love of and who also asserted that she had been re­ God through love of the neighbor derives incarnated on the planet Mars. Flournoy, its importance not only from the warm­ professor of psychology at the University of souled piety of its author but particularly Geneva, investigated her claims and de­ from its description of the steps which lead molished many of them, while maintaining to the possibility of a more intimate knowl­ her subjective integrity and high-mindedness. edge of God. In addition Burch provides The present edition reproduces the original two excursuses, one on the metaphysical English translation of six decades ago, with presuppositions of Cistercian mysticism, the 24 added pages in which a contemporary other on St. Bernard's criticism of Peter Indian philosopher-parapsychologist, C. T. K. BOOK REVIEW 125

Chari, introduces the work and reports on study of the role of the sexes in the New recent research into the "Hindoo cycle" of Testament in relation to the sacred ministry "Helene Smith." that represents a significant contribution to The Supreme Court and Prayer in the the current debate about this issue in the Public School. By J. Marcellus Kik. Phila­ Lutheran Church. He holds that in Christ delphia: Presbyterian and Reformed Pub­ the structures of creation have not been lishing Company, 1963. 40 pages. Paper. abolished; on the contrary, it is precisely 75 cents. A conservative Presbyterian theo­ in Christ that they have been purified and logian here analyzes the 1962 Supreme given validity for the era of the church. He Court decision in the New York Regents' concludes that woman's place in the struc­ Prayer case. tures of creation is consistent with the fact Ver Kelch des Reds. Edited by Ernst that the Holy Ghost endows her with charis­ Seybold. Ergersheim, Bavaria: In Signo matic gifts - including those of speaking­ Crucis, 1963. 123 pages. Paper. DM 3.00, and that she is called to the kind of service plus postage. A small group of young Ba­ in the church corresponding to these gifts. varian Lutheran clergymen associated under Her place in the structures of creation, how­ the name In Signo Crucis invited a number ever, in the mind of both our Lord and of St. Paul, precludes her functioning as an of Swedish Lutheran churchmen to come to Schloss Schwanberg for a theological con­ incumbent of the sacred ministry. ference March 20-23, 1962, at which the Church and State in Your Community. Swedish theologians read papers which were By Elwyn A. Smith. Philadelphia: The then discussed by the assembly. The papers Westminster Press, 1963. 90 pages. Paper. and summaries of the discussion are here $1.25. The new Presbyterian series, Chris­ presented in an engaging little brochure that tian PefSpectives on Social Problems, of any American Lutheran clergyman who han­ which this brochure is the first to appear, dles German will find illuminating and in­ "is an attempt to meet a challenge from an structive. Carl Strandberg discusses current exceedingly robust minority of laymen for state-and-church relations in Sweden. Lars brief, readable analyses of cultural problems Hartmann summarizes recent Swedish exe­ from a theological perspective. It is intended getical research as it affects the doctrine of to help them think theologically about some the Sacrament of the Altar. Eric Segelberg of the exasperatingly difficult problems of has two papers, one on characteristics of the society" (p. 1). On the basis of concrete primitive Eucharistic liturgy, the other on events in a real community disguised under the history and the future of the Swedish the pseudonym "Hightown, U. S. A.," Pitts­ rite. Ragnar Holte reviews Lutheran Eucha­ burgh Theological Seminary's church histo­ ristic theology in the light of recent exe­ rian Smith analyzes the issues of church-and­ getical and patristic studies. German con­ state relations as they become acute at the tributors to the volume are Adolf Sperl, community level- such as public religious who provides an outline of the paper that displays, use of tax funds, preferential treat­ he read on the Lutheran liturgical revival in ment of ministers of religion, civil rights, Bavaria, and Martin Wittenberg, who spoke availability of information about contracep­ on the holy meal in the life of the church tives, religious freedom, and educational pol­ at the hand of German Neo-Lutheranism. icies. His proposals are deliberately provoc­ Vas Amt, der Mann und die Frau im ative. Neuen Testament. By Bertil Gartner. Trans­ Unsere Zukunft: Aspekte de". Zukunfts­ lated from the Swedish by Georg Stoll and vorsteUungen in der heutigen Theologie. By edited by Ernst Seybold. Ergersheim, Ba­ Ulrich Hedinger. Ziirich: EVZ-Verlag, 1963. varia: In Signo Crucis, 1963. 32 pages. 52 pages. Paper. Sw. Fr. 4.90. In this very Paper. DM 1.00, plus postage. Uppsala useful comparative analysis of the "future" University's Gartner has produced a careful as a theological concept, Hedinger reviews 126 BOOK REVIEW a variety of positions from those of Heinrich Baptist mlll1ster currently employed as the Vogel and Karl Heim (who see the future sales manager of a secular company, is not an "ontic-creatoristic event") via Karl Barth's the first Schofield Reference Bible type of "noetic" conception as the revelation of a dispcnsationalist publicly to renounce this creation reconciled with God to the opposite hermeneutical methodology. In the present pole represented by Rudolf Bultmann and popularly written brochure he traces the Friedrich Gogarten. To flesh out his survey, history of modern dispensationalism from Hedinger - whose own position is that of John Darby to Cyrus Ingerson Schofield and an antisacramentalist Barthian standing analyzes the incompatibility of the common somewhat to the right of his mentor - draws dispensationalist views of salvation, the on the views of philosophers Eberhard Grise­ Sacred Scriptures, Israel and the kingdom of bach and the "utopian humanist" Marxist God, and the church with the divine revela­ Ernst Bloch. tion. Wo-rship and Congregation (Die Mitte der Classics of Greek Literature from the Gemeinde: Zur Prage des Gottesdienstes und Literary Beginnings to the Second Century des Gemeindeattfbaus). By Wilhelm Hahn. A. D. Edited by Harry E. Wedeck. New Translated by Geoffrey Buswell. Richmond: York: Philosophical Library, 1963. viii and John Knox Press, 1963. 75 pages. $1.75. 385 pages. Cloth. $6.00. The title is self­ Hahn is professor of practical theology at explanatory. Wedeck, lecturer in classics at the University of Heidelberg. He writes Brooklyn College, assembles standard Eng­ against the background of the German re­ lish translations (supplemented with a few ligious situation and tries to take account renderings by himself) of the items that he of COL· pOf9ry thC'oloeical developments selected for rh ;, ~ntholo8y-three books of in both Reformed and Lutheran circles, with the Iliad, selections from Hesiod, Tyrtaeus, major stress on the latter. A Lutheran who Theognis, Sappho, Anacreon, Pindar, The­ stands committed to the Lutheran Symbols ocritus, Bion, and Moschos; Aeschylus' The will regard some of Hahn's statements in Persians, Sophocles' Electra, Euripides' connection with the institution of the Holy Iphigenia in Tauris, and Aristophanes' The Communion and the "real presence" as in­ Birds; three books each of Herodotus' Per­ adequate at best. Taken as a whole, how­ sian Wars and Thucydides' Peloponnesian ever, this study is a very valuable contribu­ War and two of Xenophon's Anabasis; tion to the Lutheran doctrine of worship. Plato's Apology, Aristotle's Nicomachean The work receives its pattern from the two Ethics, two of Epictetus' Discourses and The ways in which the genitive in Gottesdienst Encheiridio1Z; an oration each of Demos­ can be understood: God's service to us (wor­ thenes and Aeschines; and parts of three of ship as God speaking to us and our response; Lucian's satires. the presence of Christ in worship; the min­ Classics of Roman Literature from the istry of Christ present through the Holy Literary Beginnings to the End of the Silver Spirit; the gift of fellowship in worship) Age. Edited by Harry E. We deck. New and the service we render to God in worship York: Philosophical Library, 1963. x and (our service as response and cooperation; 556 pages. Cloth. $10.00. This is a slightly preaching, the sacraments, and the liturgy; stouter companionpiece to the preceding wprship and the life of the congregation). title. It contains 25 poems of Catullus, the The bibliography is, alas, limited to works first book of Lucretius' De rerum natura, in German, of which only seven are available three eclogues of Vergil and two books of even in part in English translation. his Aeneid, nine poems and two satires of An Examination of Dispensationalism. By Horace, eleven poems of Tibullus, five of William E. Cox. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Propertius, three selections from Ovid, one and Reformed Publishing Co., 1963. 61 each from Lucan, Statius, and Martial; Plau­ pages. Paper. $1.25. Cox, an ordained tus' Rudens and Terence's The Andrian; BOOK REVIEW 127 selections from Livy, Tacitus, Suetonius, letters of Pliny the Younger and seven of Marcus Aurelius, Seneca, Petronius, Apuleius, Seneca, In both volumes each section has its Persius, and Juvenal; the first book of own very brief introduction. There are no Cicero's On Moral Duties, his first oration notes. Short bibliographies complete each against Verres, and five of his letters; eleven volume. ARTHuR CARL PIEPKORN

BOOKS RECEIVED (The mention of a book in this list acknowledges its receipt and does not preclude further discussion of its contents in the Book Review section) Ma queste de verite. By Geofranc [G. F. McGavran. Grand Rapids, Mich.: William Grosjean}. Paris: Editions La Colombe, c. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, c. 1963. 1963. 101 pages. Paper. NF 8.00. 136 pages. Paper. $1.95. The Mind of the Catholic Layman. By The Genes';'s of Religion. By Margaret Daniel Callahan. New York: Charles Scrib­ Alice Murray. New York: Philosophical ner's Sons, c. 1963. xiii and 208 pages. Library, 1963. v and 88 pages. Cloth. Cloth. $3.95. $3.75. The Parables of jesus (Die Gleichnisse Holy Masquerade (Helig Maskerad). By jesu). By Joachim Jeremias; translated by Olov Hartman; translated by Karl A. Olsson. S. H. Hooke. New York: Charles Scribner's Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Sons, c. 1963. 248 pages. Cloth. $4.50. Publishing Company, c. 1963. 142 pages. Cloth. $3.00. A Pathway to the Bible: The Old and New Testaments Summarized. By Sa.'lluel The Letters of St. jerome. Vol. I: Letters Umen and Mark B. Strickland. New York: 1-22. Translated by Charles Christopher Philosophical Library, c. 1963. xiv and 276 Mierow. Westminster, Md.: The Newman pages. Cloth. $5.00. Press, 1963. 281 pages. Cloth. $4.00. Reformation Bible Pictures: Woodcuts Leimre: The Basis of Culture (Musse und from Early Lutheran and Emserian New Kult and Was heisst Philosophieren?) By Testaments. Edited by Kenneth A. Strand. Josef Pieper; translated by Alexander Dru. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Ann Arbor Publishers, New York: The New American Library, c. 1963. 104 pages. Cloth. $3.75. 1963. ix and 127 pages. Paper. 60 cents. Die alte Kirche tlnd das H eil des Staates. NeutestamentZiche Theologie. By Rudolf By Hans Ulrich Instinsky. Miinchen: Kosel­ Schnackenburg. Munich: Kosel-Verlag, Verlag, 1963. 77 pages. Paper. DM 7.80. 1963. 159 pages. Paper. DM 11.80. The Apostles' Creed: An Interpretation for The New Man. By Thomas Merton. New Today. By Gardiner M. Day. New York: York: The New American Library, 1963. 141 pages. Paper. 60 cents. Charles Scribner's Sons, c. 1963. xiii and 174 pages. Cloth. $3.50. Die Predigt: Theoretische und praktische theologische Wegweisung. By Anselm Giin­ The Cambridge Movement: The Ecclesi­ thOr. Freiburg: Verlag Herder, 1963. xi and ologists and the Gothic Revival. By James 278 pages. Cloth. DM 25.80. F. White. New York: Cambridge University The Social Teachings of the Church. Press, 1962. xii and 272 pages. Cloth. Edited by Anne Fremantle. New York: The $6.00. New American Library, 1963. x and 320 Campus Gods on T1·ial. Revised edition. pages. Paper. 75 cents. By Chad Walsh. New York: The Macmillan William Temple: Twentieth-Century Company, 1962. xiv and 154 pages. Cloth. Christian. By Joseph Fletcher. New York: $3.00. The Seabury Press, 1963. xii and 372 pages. Church Growth in Mexico. By Donald Cloth. $7.50. 128 BOOK REVIEW

And Always Tomorrow. By Sarah E. The Pastor and His Work. By Homer A. Lorenz. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Kent. Chicago: Moody Press, c. 1963. 301 Winston, c. 1963. 250 pages. Cloth. $4.95. pages. Cloth. $4.50. The Better Half of the Ministry. By Freda Presbyterians in the South. VaLl: 1607 Schwartz ONeall. Boston: The Christopher to 1861. By Ernest Trice Thompson. Rich­ Publishing House, c. 1963. 83 pages. Cloth. mond, Va.: John Knox Press, c. 1963. 629 $2.75. pages. Cloth. $9.75. A Christian Critique of Art. By Calvin The Sayings of Chuang Chou. Translated Seerveld. Toronto, Ont.: The Association for by James R. Ware. New York: The New Reformed Scientific Studies, 1963. 61 pages. American Library, c. 1963. 240 pages. Paper. $1.00. Paper. 75 cents. L'Eglise et les Laics. By Jean Guitton. Science, God, and You. By Enno Wol­ Paris: Desclee de Brouwer, c. 1963. 198 thuis. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book pages. Paper. 120 Belgian francs. House, c. 1963. 121 pages. Cloth. $2.50. Facts and Values: A Christian Approach Quellen zur Geschichte der Diakonie. to Sociology. By Remkes Kooistra. Toronto, Vol. II: Reformation und Neuzeit. Edited by Ont.: The Association for Reformed Scien­ Herbert Krimm. Stuttgart: Evangelisches tific Studies, 1963. 60 pages. Paper. $1.00. Verlagswerk, 1963. 534 pages. Cloth. DM The Failure of Theology in Modern Litera­ 39.50. ture. By John Killinger. New York: Abing­ Die Schule bei Martin Bucer in ihrem don Press, c. 1963. 239 pages. Cloth. $5.00. Verhaltniss zu Kirche 1md Obrigkeit. By The Fields At Home: Studies in Home Ernst-Wilhelm Kohls. Heidelberg: QueUe Missions. Edited by Peter F. Gunther. Chi­ und Meyer, 1963. 244 pages. Paper. Price cago: Moody Press, c. 1963. 283 pages. not given. Cloth. $4.50. The University and Its Basis. By Hendrik Genesis and Afchaeology. By Howard F. Van Riessen. Toronto, Ont.: The Association for Reformed Scientific Studies, 1963. 70 Vas. Chicago: Moody Press, c. 1963. 127 pages. Paper. $1.00. pages. Paper. 39 cents. Introduction to the Qur'an. By Richard That I May Live in His Kingdom: Devo­ tions Based on the New Translation of Lu­ Bell. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company, ther's Small Catechism. By Louis E. Ulrich, c. 1963. ix and 190 pages. Cloth. $4.50. Jr. Minneapolis, Minn.: Augsburg Publish­ Justus Jonas, Loyal Reformer. By Martin ing House, c. 1963. 232 pages. Cloth. Price Lehmann. Minneapolis, Minn.: Augsburg not given. Publishing House, c. 1963. viii and 208 The 7:05 and the Church Alive: Dynamic pages. Cloth. $4.00. a1~d Successful P1'Ograms in Today's Churches. The Layman in Christian History. Edited By Edwin D. McLane. Englewood Cliffs, by Stephen Charles Neill and Hans-Ruedi N. J.: Prentice-Hall, c. 1963. xiv and 207 Weber. Philadelphia: The Westminster pages. Cloth. $4.95. Press, c. 1963. 408 pages. Cloth. $7.50. A Lutheran Parish Handbook. By Brooke Let Europe Hear: The Spiritual Plight of Walker. Hayfield, Minn.: The Hayfield Pub­ Europe. By Robert P. Evans. Chicago, Ill.: lishing Company, c. 1963. 63 pages. Paper. Moody Press, c. 1963. 528 pages. Cloth. 50 cents. $5.95. The Popes at Avignon: 1305-1378 (Les A Mission Doctor Sees the Wind of Papes d'Avignon). By G. MoHat, translated Change. By E. W. Doell. New York: Archer by Janet Love. New York: Thomas Nelson House, 1963. 211 pages. Cloth. Price not and Sons, c. 1963. xxii and 361 pages. given. Cloth. $9.25.