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Greenville Division / Box 2486 / Greenville, S.C. 29602 803/ 269-4664 Spartanburg Division / Box 1292 / Spartanburg, S.C. 29301 803/ 585-4241 Give us a call.

Walter Chastain Jack Berry Betty Dennis Gary Welchel We'll make it happen. The C&S Bond Department. We're as close as your telephone. And just as quick and efficient. Just give us a call and we promise you professional service with a personal touch. After all , we're bankers too, so we understand your business and your particular needs. And we're here to advise you and your customers on investment opportunities. U.S. Treasury Bills, Bonds, Notes. Federal Agency Bonds. G. N. M.A. Pass Thru. Municipal Notes, Bonds. And Project Notes. We 'll handle every phase of your investment, including custody service for securities purchased. We specialize in helping banks with their investment opportunities. Give us a call at our new offices in Columbia: l (803) 765-8513.

BOND DEPARTMENT The Citizens and Southern Nati onal Bank of South Carolina Member F.D.l. C. One picture is worth a thousand words. Here are six P-ictures of Palmetto Dunes.

Palmetto Dunes. Great golf. Great tennis. Great swimming. Great beachcombing. Great accommodations. Great dining. Great location. Palmetto Dunes: A great place to spend a weekend, a vacation, or a lifetime. ID Palmetto Dunes Resort Inn P.O. Box 5628 Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29928 (803) 785-2151 Developed by Palmetto Dunes Resort, Inc., a Subsidiary of Phipps Land Company, Inc. THE MAGAZINE 20 FOOT sandl apper. MOTOR HOME

READERS' COMMENTS 4 NEXT MONTH 4 FROM BEHIND THE PALMETTOS 5 STAN SMITH: ALL-AMERICAN GENTLEMAN 8 Jonathan E. Buchan GARDEN OF WOODLAND TREASURES 12 Beth Ann Klosky ROBERT F . MIXON: EX-SPY 17 Richard A. Underwood completely insu lated. AN AFTERNOON WITH Roof air conditioning THE SERPENT SECT 22 Dale Perry Power plant A RETURN TO THE RAILS 29 Eugene Ransom And many other extras MY , MYRTLE, HOW YOU'VE GROWN 33 Tom Hamrick SHELLFISH RECIPES 40 E Martin Herman $8995.00 11 LEISURE LIVING: STONE CREEK COVE 42 SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY ILLUSTRATED ANDREW PICKENS: Superior Motors Inc. TREATY MAKER PAR EXCELLENCE 45 Mary W. Burgess SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF 48 " The Little Profit Dealer" EVENTS 51 Pontiac • Buick JUNE WEATHER 57 Orangeburg, S.C A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MOVIES 58 Dan Rottenberg Phone 534- 11 23 INTERESTING, UNUSUAL Columbia Number 256-0200 ITEMS AND SER VICES 61 THE TOMB OF RA VEN McCLOUD 62 Archibald Rutledge

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Delmar L. Roberts EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Diane Crenshaw ART DIRECTOR Michael F. Schumpert VISIT HISTORIC GENERAL MANAGER Kay Langley NATIONAL ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Edward J. Keady ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Charles Alexander FORT ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE Brian Taylor EVENTS EDITOR Beverly Gregg SUMTER CIRCULATION MANAGER Kathryn F . Little NATIONAL MONUMENT CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA 4~,~----""'~-~.:~. '.'.:~J- ~ - · -· - - .... Jdt SANDLAPPER is published by Sandlapper Press, Inc., Allen F. Caldwell Jr., president and chair· man of the board; Delmar L. Roberts, vice-president editorial; Edward J. Keady, vice-president A colorful boat trip is your introduction advertising; E. A. Markwalter, vice-president and treasurer; Gertrude Ricker, secretary; and Kay Langley, assistant secretary. to this famous fort where the Civil War began. A guided tour is conducted by SANDLAPPER- THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, June 1973, Volume 6, Number 6 . National Park Historians. Only tour boat to Ft. Sumter. Leaves Municipal Marina Published monthly by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Editorial and administrative offices are located at 305 Greystone Blvd., Columbia. MAILING ADDRESS: All correspondence and manuscripts should be several times daily. addressed to P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202. Return postage must accompany all manu­ scripts, drawings and photographs submitted if they are to be returned. Query before submitting material. No responsibility assumed for unsolicited materials. Second-class postage paid at Colum­ ?//,dJJ,~8~ bia, S.C. Subscription rates: $9 a year in the United States and possessions; foreign countr ies, $12. Fort Sumter Tours P.O . Box 59 Add 4 percent sales tax for South Carolina subscriptions. Copyright © 19 7 3 by Sandlapper Press, Charleston, South Carolina Inc. Sandlapper is a registered trademark. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re­ produced without written permission.

June 1973 3 readers' com1nents Sandlapper welcomes letters to the editor on matters of general in­ terest. We ask that the letters be held to 150 words or less. Excerpts from this month's letters are pre­ sented below.

As a native South Carolinian who has lived out of state a number of TELFPHONE 803-242- 1027 years, I would like to offer a 1007 E. Washington Street Lunch : Monday-Friday from 11 :30 feature suggestion to Sandlapper. Dinner: Monday-Saturday from 6:30 Although I have not lived in Reservations requested for Dinner South Carolina for over thirty At the turn of the century, Greenvill e's Washington Pl ace had become a beautiful years, I visit friends and relatives residential area where many of the town's leading citizens lived. there fairly often, and my husband Washington House began as a bungalow built by Francis Joseph Pelzer Cogswell and was later moved a few feet to its present site. The addition of a second fl oor, (a Yankee who likes the South) and basement, and the expansion of the fir st floor gave the house more than 20 rooms. Today the house appears much as it did over half a century ago. I plan to retire there in the next Washington House reflects much of its original beauty and elegance. Gracious few years. But we have been unable entertaining has always been a tradition here . We take pride in offering the ultimate in dining and hospita lity. Specializing in EUROPEAN HAUTE CUISINE, SELECTED to find extensive information about WINES AND FRENCH SERVICE, the restaurant is designed to give a complete various resort-retirement commu­ ex perience of DINING IN THE EUROPEAN MANNER. Our guests return often to enjoy the frequently changed gourmet dishes. It is nities located throughout the state. always our pleasure to serve you. We have been subscribers to Sand­ Zapper since its beginning and have read an occasional article on this subject, but there have been all too few. (The only ones I recall at next n1onth Ill (Continued on page 6)

sandlapper <. jf tjJC///U' · WALNUT GR.._OVE PLANlATION 1765 PEACHES- t 1r ·t'( 'lJN _!{Y ~!ER! [4.G!. ON TREES AND FLOATS By Dan Harmon

A NATIVE GRAPE: THE CATAWBA By Douglas Summers Brown CLEMSON ... AFTER HOLLYWOOD DEPARTED UNUSUAL BOATS By Richard A. Underwood ON LAKE HARTWELL ~'T'A1{1MBtJ[-'(; l('()Ui.i'f'i' By Beth Ann Klosky "lOl 1l'H <:.AROJLJNA and many other South o f Spartanburg at intersecti on 1-26 and U.S . 221. Open March I interesting articles through Nove mber 30; December I CALENDAR OF EVENTS through February 28 Su nday after­ noons or by appointment. I-lours Tues­ day-Sa lurday J 1-5; Sundays 2-5. Adults • Art • Thcalre • Tours S2.00; sludr nts $ 1.00. For informa­ ti on, call Spartanburg 576-6546, or • Music • Cinema • Fairs write Walnut Grove Plantation, Rt. l , • Lcclurcs • Dance • 1lor se Shows Roebuck, S.C. 29376.

4 Sand lap per

l ONE OF SOUTH CAROLINA'S BEST KEPT SECRETS frolll behind ~ the palmetfOs ~ LONESOME Dale Perry has made several visits to Greenville's Holiness DUCK Church of God in Jesus Name to observe :... GALLERY, LTD. Brother Floyd lead the congregation in their serpent handling rites. Dale still sits in the back pew by the door, but, unlike the first We have the largest visit, he now rests his feet on the floor instead selection of limited of the back of the next pew. Last time he edition wildlife works. asked Brother Floyd's wife how one knows when to pick up a serpent. She answered, Stop by and browse "The Lord will move you." Dale is still waiting for the nudge. through our unlimited selections. Richard Underwood has a special interest in his subject, "Robert F. Mixon: Ex-Spy." Both he and Mixon have served as agents for Army Counter-Intelligence, Dick in Frankfurt and THE Mixon in Munich. Dick discovered, however, LONESOME that even though Mixon has been leading a quiet life at Clemson for years, he can still """'""'° < ../ DUCK GALLERY, LTD. behave like an undercover agent. In trying to COUGNY PLAZA. HILTON HEAD ISLAND, S.C. 29928 catch Mixon for a final interview, Dick reported, "He's been a Howard Hughes." But the interview was completed, and we are SEE THE treated to such colorful chapters in Mixon 's life as his smuggling a machine gun out of Austria and his being the object of an all-out manhunt, during which houses were Rope Hammocks searched and borders closed. made at Pawleys Jon Buchan spent an enjoyable afternoon with tennis pro Stan Smith at Sea Pines and was as impressed with Stan's personable by nature as with his tennis skill. Their discussion covered everything from Stan's athletic de­ "THE WEAVERS" velopment ("I've progressed slowly as a tennis player") to his religious convictions ("My religion gives me a little more sense of purpose in life and in what I'm doing .... If I OPEN EVERY DAY try to stand by my principles, everything will work out for the best"). Jon, after completing the article, reported, "I've never met anyone more in control of himself and his life, both on and off the court." Cover: One of the many moods of Myrtle Beach. Although most visitors to the coastal resort thrive on the roar of the roller coaster, HANDCRAFTED FURNITURE, CANDLES and GIFTS the busy stir of a crowded beach and the loud throbbing of a band at the dance pavilion-on BOOKS - GLASSWARE any of the excitement available at all hours of IRON - CHINA the day and night-it is still possible to enjoy Hwy. 17 PAWLEYS ISLAND solitude and serenity on an empty shore, as Tel. 237-4245 this lone wader does. Photo by Jo Pinkard.

June 1973 5 (Continued from page 4) 15 DELIGHTFUL present have concerned beach resorts and, since we doubt that we ADVENTURES could adjust to living year-round at the beach, are more interested in a midlands or up-country commu­ IN GIFT nity.) Please do us a favor and feature more routinely the resorts in South SHOPPING Carolina which cater to retirement living. We feel that there are hun­ dreds of out-of-state subscribers to your magazine who are just as eager as we to read of these places while they contemplate where they will spend their "golden years." I hope you will not think I am unappreciative of all the delightful material I have received over the years through the pages of Sand­ lapper. I thoroughly enjoy the arti­ cles on historic homes, places and personalities. But along with the features concerning South Carolina NORTH MYRTLE BEACH, heritage, I think it would be fitting to focus on some of the contem­ SOUTH CAROLINA porary resort communities which

The Promise of Bay Tree Golf Plantation Bay Tree Golf Plantation Condominiums championship holes of ... near the Carolina coast golf. Each 2, 3 or 4 bed­ ... yet set apart. From your room unit is an individual condominium win­ ~--- town house with a dow, built among private garden tall pines, the view plaza. There will be of rolling fairways no hurried high is dotted with the rises or busy apart­ quiet blue of lakes ment complexes ... and ponds. Home is _ the natural beauty a very special place of " of Bay Tree will rough sawed cypress - . never be spoiled ... boards and cedar shin­ · · that's our Jromise to gled roof, highlighted by both nature an our resi­ splashes of stucco and nes­ dents ... the promise of the tled amid an oasis of 54 good life, at Bay Tree.

Located just west of the Intra­ For our free brochure write: coastal Waterway on South Box 786 Carolina Highway 9 ... Minutes North Myrtle Beach, from the Atlantic. South Carolina 29582

6 Sand lap per assuredly are attracting added rev­ enue to the state.

Dee L. Auer 1 ,, ·,1 Chevy Chase, Maryland 111 ( , ., ·t " .. g It r ,1 t ~ •• t .. ,, '-,1' t r; ll ~i 11l il.1i I• I'; I:f II ~ t Ii I ;11 t 1: Uit11:1.rn Beginning with this issue, Sand­ t "' 1, 1, fl l ,11 1i r ~ •; II ' I ? II lapper is initiating a series of .... II • • ? I • II ,i:; ,'1• 1 !~·~ u11 ,tl;n1!11 "Leisure Living" features. (See page , i:; 11 a u; 1 ,u 11 , ~ •1 ~ ~ II 11:11 42.) Subjects will range from sec­ ~ " 11 •• I . I C ond home communities to con­ II !!""!Ii~, i dominiums; some will cater prima­ rily to retirement living. We think that many other readers will have I I an interest in this new series. Ed. YJEIJE ID)UNJE§ 'JrOWJER§ AIKEN PREPARATORY SCHOOL Boys 8 - 15, Day and Boarding QUIET LUXURY ON THE OCEAN FRONT

Family atmosphere. Eleven acre campus, accessible to 2,600 2B - 3BR Condominiums & Penthouses r- acres of woods. Firth-se venth year of operation. Grades 4 · 9, small classes, personal individual­ For Further Information Call or Write ized instruction, remedial, de­ velopmental reading. All sports; FRANK G. HUGHES REALTOR -df.~ riding, hunting and fishing available. Inquiries write Robert Harr· P. 0. Box 1046 Myrtle Beach, S. C. ington, Headmaster, Box 3 17, ~ Aiken, South Carolina 29801.

The R. L. Bryan Company"" Greystone Executive Park "" Columbia, South Carolina

June 1973 7 Sports

STAN SMITH ALL-AMERICAN GENTLEMAN

By Jonathan E. Buchan

rthur Ashe and Bob Lutz are beginning their first round Amatch as the tall figure leaves the practice court. He towels dry his face, blots his reddish blond mustache and slips into a navy blue Davis Cup jacket. As he leans into a deck chair on the lawn, he zips his jacket and the red letters USA stand out clearly. At 26, his hair is thinning, and he looks a good deal more mature than his age would suggest. Just behind him is a mod­ est wood-burned sign bearing his name-Stan Smith, Touring Pro. It is mid-March and 82 degrees on the lawn of the Sea Pines Rac­ quet Club at Hilton Head Island. The flags of the United States, Russia, Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand hang limply at one end of court No. 1. It is Tuesday, the first day of the second annual CBS Tennis Classic, and most of the spectators are island residents. There is little press coverage be­ cause the matches are videotaped -Photo courtesy Francis H . Craighill 111 and will be aired on CBS later in Stan Smith is generally regarded as the world's No. 1 tennis player. His 6 feet 4 inches makes him one of the the spring. The press has been asked most difficult men in tennis to lob over, and earned him not to print the results of the the nickname "Godzilla" from Romania's lllie Nastasse. tournament because this would dull the suspense when it is aired on on television.) der Brian Fairlie. But they are here television. (Last fall, a national The island residents are here to to pull for Stan Smith, who became sports magazine reported the results watch the big names: Rod Laver, "touring pro" at Sea Pines in 1971. of a similarly televised golf tourna­ Arthur Ashe, Ken Rosewall and To them, he is simply "Stan," or ment and hundreds of irate fans Cliff Richey-and to ask about the predictably enough, "Stan the reportedly complained that they less familiar faces of Russian Alex Man," with a kind word and a smile would have preferred not to know Metreveli, young American star for everyone. He is their pro. the outcome before they watched it Dickie Stockton, and New Zealan- Stan is warming up on court No.

8 Sand lap per 3. It is 9 a.m. and most of the tour­ nament participants are already on the practice courts. These are the best players from each group of the A tennis match with World Championship Tennis tour Stan Smith, touring pro for the Sea Pines and they are competing for a first­ Raquet Club at Hilton place check of $10,000. The CBS Head, provides Classic is the first meeting of both plenty of excitement groups in a tournament, and the for the spectators. last until the World Championship Smith, considered by many to be the Tennis finals in May. Smith and No. 1 tennis player Metreveli are practicing together. in the world, is There is little conversation; both a popular favorite off are concentrating. Sporadically court as well as on. they exchange banter concerning other players and how they are playing. Stan Smith is generally regarded as the No. 1 tennis player in the world (though some still put him second, behind Englishman Rod Laver). He is also a genuinely nice guy, an All-American figure, per­ haps a dubious distinction in this age of Joe Namath, Duane Thomas, and the popularity of the anti-hero. He is a deeply religious man, still very close to his parents, and his long-range ambitions include the building and management of his

own YMCA. - Ph oto by George Cathcart The key to his personality and his success-both on and off the court-lies in his sense of purpose John Smith, Sea Pines public rela­ range" of $35,000. He is comfort­ and his capacity for discipline and tions director and tournament able there and spends considerably self-control. On the court, his leg­ chairman. "He is the All-American more time than that on the island. endary powers of concentration gentleman, very personable, very Before he left the U.S. Army in shut out those mental or physical easy with the resident members. He October of last year, he was re­ concerns not conducive to playing takes a lot of time with the chil­ portedly making another $90,000 his best tennis. Off the court, his dren. It's not just a job with him." annually in tournament winnings calm nature permits him a grace Stan grew up in Pasadena, Cali­ and endorsements. that renders him comfortable and fornia, starring in basketball and On the court, Smith is all­ at ease in almost any situation, with baseball (his early heros were business, cool and relentless. His 6 almost anyone. Mickey Mantle and Elgin Baylor) feet 4 inches makes him one of the His natural talent took its time in before deciding to concentrate on most difficult men in tennis to lob surfacing. At the Saturday morning his tennis game. (His natural inter­ over, and earned him the nickname clinics in his native Pasadena, Stan est in sports is still difficult to "Godzilla" from Romania's Illie was best known for his awkward­ quench. He has recently taken up N astasse. His crackling service has ness. The Los Angeles Tennis Club golf and water-skiing, and some encouraged other opponents fre­ refused his request to be a ballboy months ago made a brief, but quently to call him "Steamer." His in a Davis Cup series between the chaotic, debut on ice in an coolness under pressure enables him United States and Mexico, saying intramural hockey game while to win a phenomenal 85 percent of "The boy is too clumsy. He'll visiting friends at Princeton.) his tie-breaker encounters. He will clomp around the courts and dis­ His contract stipulates that he quickly offer the opinion that as turb the players." must appear at Sea Pines at least 15 much of his proficiency at tennis The clumsiness, of course, has days each year. Sea Pines officials has resulted from hard work as disappeared. will not reveal his exact annual from natural talent. "He is ideal for us," explains salary, but concede that it is "in the In August of last year, Stan was

June 1973 9 what I'm doing. There is a plan for my life and Christ is directing it. If I try to stand by my principles, everything will work out for the best. That probably has something to do with my temperament on the court." Hilton Head Island is a beautiful part of South Carolina-a com­ promise between wilderness and civilization. It is almost idyllic in its tranquillity, its complete divorce­ ment from the more pressing prob­ lems of an industrialized society. A legal South Carolina resident, Stan Smith has a deep appreciation for the beauty and serenity of Hilton Head. Yet, though he shares a personal sense of inner composure, he professes a serious concern for the world outside the island. "My first and foremost goal right now is to be the best tennis player I can be .... I've fallen in love with this place and I might stay in this part of the country. I'll be playing professional tennis for at least five more years. I will not be a teaching pro or continue to play for years like Kramer or Gonzales. In this day and age, people should try to play a role and affect the state of affairs. "People naturally look up to a sports image. People who have -Photo courtesy Francis H. Craighill 111 made a name for themselves can do Smith contributes his on-court concentration to his philosophical and religious a lot for the nation, even more than outlook on life. "My religion gives me a little more sense of purpose in life and their particular talents are worth." in what I'm doing. There is a plan for my life and Christ is directing it." As Ashe and Lutz finish their match, Stan is talking and laughing named one of the 10 best-dressed menting; I'm trying to win. quietly with the head keeper of the athletes of the year by Esquire "I've progressed slowly as a courts and planning a golf game Magazine. The conservative tone tennis player, but I've continued to with him. He is no less friendly and superb fit of his clothes, often improve steadily, not sporadically with him than he would be with purchased at a shop at Sea Pines or like some players. Usually a top Charles Fraser. Two young girls custom tailored, reflect his easy­ athlete overcomes some handicap­ approach Stan shyly and ask for his going manner and have made him as physical like Mantle, or social, like autograph. A thoughtful autograph distinguished in appearance off the Arthur [Ashe]. Guys often become giver, he asks their names and court as he is on. top athletes as a way to prove writes a short note to each before "I don't think I'm the most tal­ themselves. But I've never really signing his name. ented guy on the circuit, but I've had any traumatic experiences like They wanted his autograph be­ gotten a lot from hard work and that." cause he is the No. 1 tennis player playing intelligently. I'm not tem­ Smith contributes most of his of the world. He gave it to them, peramental on the court. I'm more on-court concentration to his phil­ with a thoughtful gesture, because temperamental in practice than in osophical and religious outlook on he is a genuinely nice person. matches because I'm working on life. specific parts of my game in prac­ "My religion gives me a little Jonathan E. Buchan Jr. is on the tice. In a match, I'm not experi- more sense of purpose in life and in staff of the Columbia Record.

10 Sand lap per Come home to North Carolina this Ormands, MacKeithans, McPhails, China Grove, the Old Furnace, White Summer. See the folks and have fun. Browns and Fishers, Gradys and Outlaws, Lake, Climax, Jonesville, Wilkesboro, There's a warm welcome in the Tar Heel Grahams and Alexanders, and families Rockyhock, Seven Paths, Seven Springs State for close cousins and kissin' cousins named Moretz, Green, Ivey, Cromartie, and Spring Hope. For more information and for folks who just naturally like warm Mowery, Oliver and Koontz. Barbecues, on family fun in North Carolina-for welcomes. There are homecomings and fish fries, chitlin struts and covered dish kin and no kin - and for late word on ingatherings at old churches- Laurel Hill, lunches at Moore's Creek and Prather's vacation events this Summer, write: Caledonia, Berea, Thanksgiving, Old Creek, Beacon Light Masonic Lodge, State Travel & Promotion, Dept. HCS, Bethesda. And family reunions- Hedrick's Grove, Newton Grove and Raleigh, North Carolina 27611. North Carolina n 1 71 7 when Sir Robert Montgomery outlined plans for I establishing a new colony in the province of Carolina, he described the area as follows: "The whole country consists of stately woods, groves, marshes and meadows. There are many sorts of fruit trees, as vines, medlars, peach, wild cherries, etc .... Carolina, especial­ ly in its Southern Bounds, is the most amiable country of the Universe; that Nature has not bless'd the World with any Tract which can be preferable to it; that Paradise with all her Virgin Beauties may be moderately supposed at most but equal to its Native excellencies .... " Will the march of civilization eventually eradicate the "virgin beauties" of South Carolina so enthusiastically described by Mont­ gomery more than 250 years ago? If the example set by the Fort Hill Garden Club of Clemson is fol­ lowed in other parts of the state, the prospect is unlikely. About eight years ago the club members, concerned over the need to preserve Sou th Carolina wild flowers, launched a wild flower conserva­ tion-education-beautification project. In undertaking the project the club shared a dream with Dr. T. L. Senn, head of the Clemson Uni­ versity Horticulture Department, whose plans for future development of the university's ornamental grounds included the planting and preserving of native and imported plants, which have played an impor­ tant role in South Carolina history. Senn promised the women the cooperation of the horticulture de­ partment, and in 1966 he set aside a hillside to be planted by the club in wild flowers. It was agreed that the horticulture department would design the garden and keep it watered; the club women would collect plants, set them out and take charge of the weeding. Thus began a project that within a few years has brought national recogni­ tion to this band of hard-working Clemson women. The group, led at the time by

12 Sand lap per Garden of By Beth Ann Klosky Woodland Treasures

Mrs. Frank Ballentine, president, immediately began obtaining plant material. It so happened that their first challenge lay not far from their own doorsteps. Just north of Clemson, Duke Power Co. had started work on the Keowee­ Toxaway nuclear power project, and habitats of many beautiful and rare plants were being destroyed by bulldozers. The power company wanted to help preserve the area's heritage and gladly gave the club permission to collect species of wild flowers, trees and shrubs that lay in the path of the giant power project. In ensuing months, club women and horticulture department work­ ers made many trips to the area around the Whitewater River in the The garden contains a variety of exotic and increasingly rare native wild South Carolina foothills. It was in flowers. Clockwise, from below: the golden marsh marigold, peeking from a nest of pine tags; the regal pink lady's slipper; the violet hues of this mountainous region that some the trillium; the fragile white blossoms of Oconee bells; the surprising of the rarest plants in the state were brilliance of the orange fringed orchid in a sea of greenery. collected, including Shortia galaci­ folia (Oconee bells), Pachysandra, ginseng, green dragon, showy orchis, lady's slipper and many species of violets, azaleas, rhodo­ dendrons, laurels, Leucothoe and others. Some 125 varieties of native plants were transplanted in the garden the first year; about 80 different genera of native wild flow­ ers, shrubs and trees have been grown successfully since then. However, the hillside proved to be too dry for many plants. In 1968 the club asked the horticul­ ture department for a better loca­ • tion that would enable the growing of bog plants and others needing a stream habitat. The garden was moved to a one-acre bog-stream, - All photos courtesy Clemson Horticulture Department, with the exception of dry-hillside habitat adjacent to the top left , by Paul Hanks Jr. department's colonial kitchen Meantime, in 1967 the School further financial assistance. One garden complex where beeches, for Gardeners, conducted at member entered an article in Home hickories, ironwoods, sourwoods, Clemson by the Garden Club of Garden magazine's Dream Garden oaks and pines were already grow­ South Carolina and Clemson Uni­ contest; it brought in $100 worth ing. White pines and hemlocks were versity, contributed $200 for the of wild flowers. Extensive publicity added; houses and gourds were purchase of wild plants. Activities of the project also brought good re­ erected to attract wild birds. of various club members provided sults. The horticulture department

June 1973 13 den Club of South Carolina Achiev­ "from the high mountains of ement award, presented to the club Carolina." In 1839 a visiting in 1968. In 1970 the wild flower American botanist, Dr. Asa Gray, project was the subject of an article saw the plant. The leaves and a in National Gardener. The highest single seed pod were all that were honor came in 1972 when the Fort preserved, but the plant so aroused Hill club received a national conser­ Gray's curiosity that after returning vation certificate presented by the to America he began a tireless hunt National Council of State Garden for it in the mountains of North Clubs. Carolina. The search was fruitless, Public interest in wild flowers but two years later Gray described and their preservation and protec­ the plant and named it for Dr. tion has grown steadily throughout Charles W. Short of Kentucky, a the state in the past several years. pioneer botanist. No doubt it is in large part because Meantime, Gray found among a of the educational activities of the collection of Japanese plants a spec­ Clemson women working in close imen almost identical to the well­ cooperation with the university's remembered one of Michaux. This horticulture department. Each year sustained his faith in the existence the Garden of Woodland Treasures of the American species, but not at Clemson attracts increasing vis­ until 1877 was it rediscovered-and itors from various parts of the state then quite accidentally-on the and elsewhere. The Wild Flower banks of the Catawba River in and Bog Garden was on the visitors' McDowell County, North Carolina. Members of the club inspect spring list for the South Carolina Tricen­ Although the find enabled Gray to blossoms during a recent Work Day. tennial observance in 1970 and is substantiate his original ideas of the included on the Garden Club of genus, he still maintained that South Carolina's list of visiting Michaux could not have been so made a color film of club members gardens. mistaken about its native habitat. on a collecting trip to the wilds of At present more than 900 species He reasoned that the point on the the Whitewater River area, showing of plants, including shrubs, trees, Catawba where it was found was wild flowers growing in their native ferns and fern allies, grow in the possibly an outlying haven to which habitat. (This sound film is availa­ garden. All of them have historical the plant might have been washed, ble to any interested group upon value and some are rare. Each is so the search through the moun­ request.) Several educational tele­ labeled so that visitors may easily tains was renewed until discourage­ vision films were made to arouse identify each plant as they follow ment again slowed the footsteps of public interest in plant protection, the woodland paths to the banks of the seekers. and the club began assisting high a small stream where rustic bridges Finally, in the autumn of 1886 school biology students in plant lead to the hillside beyond. The another botanist, Prof. Charles collecting, using this opportunity to setting so vividly portrays an earlier Sargent, who was searching for acquaint young people with the era that one can easily imagine a Magnolia cordata in the region near wild flower garden and the need for colonial settler walking through the the headwaters of the Keowee protection of native flora. flower-stream woodland to the River, returned to his camp one As the word went out, gifts of springhouse to fetch a pail of water, evening with a leaf resembling wild flowers began coming in. milk or other supplies. Galax. It was sent off for examina­ Among the numerous plants contri­ The rarest plant in the garden is tion and identified as Shortia. A re­ buted were green dragon and hunt­ Shortia galacifolia, known for more newed search revealed the plant er's horn from the coastal area. than 100 years as the "lost plant." growing in limited quantity near These plants have managed to sur­ In 1 788 Andre Michaux, a French Bear Creek; the following spring it vive in the bog garden together with botanist, discovered a low-growing was discovered growing in great wild irises and pitcher plants from evergreen plant while collecting quantities near the forks of the the South Carolina coast. specimens in the Blue Ridge Moun­ rivers. Masses of the low-growing Within a year after the wild tains near the junction of the evergreen covered several acres as flower project was begun, honors Whitewater and Thompson rivers. thickly as clover. So ended the started coming in. These include He sent it to his Paris herbarium search for an unusual little plant conservation and achievement and the plant remained there un­ that grows natively only in Pickens awards from the West Piedmont named for many years, bearing a and Oconee counties in South Garden Club District and the Gar- note identifying it as having come Carolina, and Transylvania County

14 Sand lap per Experience the Elegance of an Antebellum Hotel. Charleston's newest hotel is also its oldest. Originally built in 1853, the Mills House was razed to the ground in 1970. Then it was reconstructed. As exactly as possible, down to the smallest details. But with every modern convenience. The new Mills House, in the middle of historic Charleston, embodies all the grandeur and elegance of antebellum living. General Lee stayed here when he commanded the Confederate Garrison in Charles­ ton in 1861. We think he'd feel at home again today. You will, too. For reservations, see your travel agent or call toll free (800) 228-9000 for all Hyatt Hotels.

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in North Carolina. Its dainty, bell­ A knowledge of the abundance, other plants are being endangered, like flowers flaunt their lacy petals distribution, relation to soils and re­ including native hollies, running in mid-to-late March. Sometimes production of native plants is im­ cedar and ground pine used in large the bloom is pink; the white bloom portant if destruction of valuable quantities for Christmas decora­ tinged with blue is rarer. The species is to be prevented; thus the tions. Indians called it "she-sho," the Fort Hill Garden Club urges people Establishment of plant preserves two-colored plant of the gods. They to learn to recognize and appreciate throughout the state is one way to considered it the lucky omen of the native vegetation. Extensive collect­ assure that at least some part of the rain god and used it as a treatment ing and sales of plants is one of the native flora is protected from ex­ for old age. activities leading to extermination. tinction. The Fort Hill Garden Many other plants in the Fort For example, ginseng, which has for Club, presently headed by Mrs. H. Hill club's wild flower garden are many years been collected and P. Lynn, president, with Mrs. T. B. associated with the Indians. Jack­ shipped to China where its high Wright and Mrs. H. T. Polk serving in-the-pulpit, a familiar spring value is based upon superstition, as conservation chairmen, is encour­ flower, is also known as Indian has become so rare that is is un­ aged over the progress made by its turnip because of its edible turnip­ usual to find it in its natural range. wild flower conservation-educa­ • shaped bulbs. These formed a staple The same is true of many so-called tion-beautification project. How­ diet of the Indians, who boiled "drug plants" of questionable ther­ ever, the garden at Clemson is far them to serve with venison or dried apeutic value. The beautiful pink from complete; many plants are and ground them into meal to use lady's slipper has been almost exter­ needed in the bog area and on the in baking cakes or making gruel. minated in many urban communi­ hillside. It will take several more The tuberous roots of arrowhead, a ties; the gorgeous yellow lady's years of collecting for it to reach its plant of pond and stream margin, slipper has virtually disappeared potential as a beauty spot. were served boiled or roasted by from the Piedmont areas. A few the Indians and used much as we years ago the venus flytrap was Beth Ann Klosky, a free-lance use potatoes. In fact, the Lewis and being dug up and sold as a curiosity writer from Anderson, is the author Clark expedition subsisted on the in great quantities. Fortunately, of The Pendleton Legacy, published roots as a substitute for bread. this is now prohibited by law. Many by Sandlapper Press, Inc.

June 1973 15 Wl-tEN Tl-tis picTURE WAS TAkEN, SEAbRook' s OcEAN--SidE CouRsE wAs sTill A dREAM. TodAy iT' s A REAliiy. FORE!

Do you know what it takes to car ut golf isn 't the only thing a full-size, nearly 7000-yard golf Seabrook will be famous for. course out of a virtual jungle? There are miles of sweeping beaches. The surf-side Beach and Timel Cabana Club. A major tennis complex. The sheltered, deep-water Marina only a short tack from the Atlantic. Quiet bridle trails lacing the serenity of a virgin island that will keep its pristine beauty even in the face of every , ~ · ....1 amenity a modern residential/ what we 're saying is. , ·aSro'6·k°fsi~nd's recreational development can offer. ocean-side course is opening for play­ and work will soon begin on the No. 2 course.

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This offering not available to residents in states where prohibited by Jaw. hen Bobby Mixon walks he strides along briskly, toes Wpointed out, and his eyes dart nervously from side to side. When he talks, he moves his head this way and that as if exercising his neck. He has a quick, shy grin. Entering a ROBERT F. MIXON room, he peers off into a distant corner of it and grins. He has curly brown hair going gray above a EX-SPY heart-shaped face, and the brown pupils of his eyes are encircled by an outer valence of silver. His grin is automatic, and all the while his By hands are toying with a discarded Richard A. Underwood strip of cellophane, pushing his coffee cup aside and then raising it to his lips as if saluting its empti­ ness. Clunk. He does not look like a spy, but he has been one. -All photos by R. Daniel Bowen Robert F . Mixon, 41, is an assist­ ant professor at Clemson Univer­ would have, but the quota was many; and Munich was the only sity. Although he now teaches full." region operating in Austria-"down Spanish, it was his fluency in Hun­ Mysterious orders at Ft. Dix, south," as they referred to it. garian that interested the Army New Jersey, took him off a ship "We often stayed at the Hotel Counter-Intelligence Corps when he manifest and had him hurrying Austria in Vienna," recalls Mixon. arrived in Germany in 1956, just in across the windy expanse of Mc­ "That first night Harrison and I time for the Hungarian Revolt. Guire Air Force Base at midnight to went to a club called the Moulin It is interesting in itself to find a board an airplane being held for Rouge and I met V-12, a primary native of Pickens County who him. "Someone higher up must agent and a regular border crosser. speaks Hungarian perfectly, espe­ have known the Hungarian Revolu­ His nails were perfectly manicured cially one whose father was Clem­ tion was about to pop. That's the except for the ones on his little son's first police chief. Mixon used only thing I can figure." But at fingers. He told me those were for to tell the agents he handled in Munich he excited the sort of en­ 'eyes'-he'd use them on some­ Europe that his grandparents were thusiasm reserved for amateur ma­ body's eyes in a fight ... . Later on, Hungarian-a lie-and that he grew gicians. "Hungarian linguist," yawn­ we got to be good friends. Some­ up with the language-a lie. He did ed his commanding officer. "We do times I would stay up late debrief­ a great deal of lying during his two­ need a motor officer." ing him and getting the information year tour in Germany, and that "Again, something must have I wanted, and he'd spend the night does not come naturally to him. He come down from G-2 ... anyway, with me. Later on, I used to think t did a lot of other things for his they assigned me to the Counter­ of those sharp, curving fingernails. ,...... country that many would find Espionage (CE) team and I was told Ugh! You never think of being in shocking, and perhaps that is why to check out a car and learn the danger until after it's over." There even his best friends have heard city. I was still doing that when the was a danger, too. "We knew all almost nothing about what Robert revolt began on Oct. 23, 1956. along that V-12 was a double agent. Mixon did in Germany. They had me buy German clothes I asked him one day about his After completing a stiff six­ and not shine my shoes. One day handling agent in the A VH mon th course at the Army the team chief told me I was leaving (Hungarian Secret Police) and he Intelligence Center near Balti­ that night on the Orient Express at was smiling-'They were just asking more-"Good morning, gentlemen. midnight. I was going to Vienna me the same things about you the The next five hours will be on sabo­ with an agent named Harrison who other day.' " tage and your notes will be classi­ handled a network of agents and Then someone decided that V-12 fied 'confidential.' "-he graduated subagents out of Vienna. The Ori­ was not a "loyal" double agent. At and spent a year at the Army Lan­ ent Express at midnight-my gosh!" one time, Mixon himself was under guage School at Monterey, Califor­ For more than a year, Mixon was suspicion and was assigned to an nia. "I didn't ask for Hungarian; I the only Hungarian-speaking officer unrelated case: the guarding of a was given it. I wanted Romanian in Region IV (Munich) of the Army Soviet colonel of intelligence who for the romance language value it Counter-Intelligence Corps in Ger- was being interred in a "safehouse"

June 1973 17 (a place where informants are met) Army civilian. Nearly 30,000 Hun­ refugees. He chatted with those he once owned by Hitler's mistress, garians left the country in the two met and worried lest the town he Eva Braun. "Anyway, after I got weeks before the Soviets sealed the supposedly had fled might have off that duty, they lured V-12 to border, and scores of them had in­ been the hometown of the man he Munich and we took him to the formation they hoped to sell. Many was talking to, or of the silent man same safehouse. We kept him there, were patent liars (intelligence listening in the corner. He did not questioning him, and he got pretty swindlers) and some were agents of worry about his language fluency: hostile. It was finally decided that the A VH. Mixon had to cover the He invariably passed as a native. He we'd take him across town to the lot of them, and it was exhausting was instrumental in the arrest of casern where our office was and work. Often his work overlapped two agents provocateurs at one give him a lie detector test. And that of the CIA. "One time I was to such camp in Passau, West Ger­ we'd move him at night .... See, meet a defector the CIA had al­ many, and the faces of the two men the safehouse was in a regular Ger­ ready debriefed, and CIA gave me a blanched when he reproduced in man neighborhood. There were torn piece of paper that the other Hungarian what they had said the about five of us in the car that guy would match to his half of it. I night before. night, three of us in the backseat, had to laugh. I thought that was "About that time," says Bobby, and we had this Hungarian lie down strictly from the movies. I met him chuckling, "I got 'kidnapped.' I across our laps. His head and shoul­ at Elmo's Cafe in Berchtesgaden, learned from one of my Munich ders were in my lap and I had the matched up the torn pieces, and sources that a certain Hungarian barrel of a .38 in his ear all the way then spent two weeks, eight hours a had a network of agents set up and across town. I had been told to kill day, debriefing him. he wanted to offer his services to him if he tried to get away. "We got a new team chief who the Americans. He was the head "I started getting nervous, and was very gung-ho and had us gather­ baker at a little quartermaster then he got more nervous, and ing information on the Austrians­ casern at Dachau, 10 miles from about that time the driver stopped supposedly a neutral nation-as well Munich, and his name was Tibor. I for a red light right where the as the Hungarians. The word came scouted the area with its mass streetcar tracks came alongside. through that some refugees had graves for about two days and then Somebody said 'look,' and here in new Hungarian weapons; he sent contacted Tibor. He asked me to this lighted streetcar everyone had three men down there to get them come to his apartment in Dachau gathered and was talking and point­ out and also to grab off a new the next night to talk." By then ing down at the guy with the gun in Austrian submachine gun. Our men Bobby's wife Louise was in Munich his ear. I didn't know what to do so were caught and it took the State with their little son, Greg, born at I smiled reassuringly. 'We better get Department to get them out. That's Monterey. They often combined out of here,' somebody said, and when the State Department told us business with pleasure, Bobby the driver ran the light and we got we were on our own. . . . Then meeting a source at a Gasthaus up back to the casern." some kind of hanky-panky took the street, Louise (whom he had What happened to V-12? "He place and Harrison and I were sent met as a secretary in the Agronomy flunked his lie detector test. After down to bring the same weapons or Department at Clemson) playing that, I don't know. But his card dis­ some others back-I don't know if with Greg in a park. "I seldom told appeared from the informant file they were the same ones. Anyway, her about anything I was doing, es­ afterward and that's not very en­ I had a submachine gun and two pecially anything dangerous, but couraging." Why had he himself pistols under my big floppy over­ that night I just mentioned that I been under suspicion? "Somebody coat when we came back out of was meeting a source in Dachau the said I was nervous and apprehensive Austria on the train. I weighed 122 next night. Well, that night she had around him at meetings ... well, pounds then-I was just a skinny a dream, and in it I was captured who wouldn't be?" Mixon was guy-and even then I was sure it and tortured. She told me it was moved into the office of the Coun­ showed. They didn't check at the 'intuition' and begged me not to go. ter-Espionage team chief and some­ border. I must have sweated off 20 I finally told her I had to go; it was time later read an agent report on pounds. The Austrians would have my job." himself that had been written by arrested us for espionage, and all But it bothered Mixon, too, and Harrison. "I don't know if it was an the time I knew we'd be disown­ he told his driver that night about accident or if I was supposed to ed." his wife's baleful dream. The driver, read it." He must have been cleared You begin to suspect that there new to that sort of run, was a par­ of suspicion, for soon he was back is something within Mixon that no ticularly gullible boy who had con­ in clandestine action, traveling to amount of the nervous jitters can tracted to take delivery of an Edsel Austria under fake leave orders and touch. At times he spent long peri­ upon his return to New York. "I using fake identification showing ods in the refugee camps or Lagers was just talking to hear myself talk, him to be a Department of the set up in Germany for Hungarian and having a little fun with Nathan,

18 Sand lap per who was a friend of mine. But I got could not say about the money. He This stein, bearing a cloak and dagger, nervous and it must have made him would have to check the whole emblem of espionage agents nervous, too; he was shaking by the thing out and get back to him. The everywhere, is a favorite memento of Prof. Mixon's experiences time we got to the dark old block wife returned with wine, and in the with the Army Counter-Intelli­ of apartments. I told him to park midst of a most congenial talk he gence Corps during the Hungarian two blocks away. 'If I'm not back heard a clock ding softly and then Revolt in 1956. at 9,' I told him-it was 8 then­ the raw squeal of tires over two 'you can assume something has blocks and a car whistling past be­ commanding officer, who called happened and you should get help.' neath the window-"It sounded like Mixon's team chief; the latter was I figured I could do whatever I had Indianapolis." Excusing himself in not at home but they had him to do in an hour." slow motion, he left and walked paged out of a movie in the married Tibor turned out to be an intelli­ hurriedly up the street. Sure housing area. The team chief tele­ gent, urbane host whose apartment enough, Nathan was gone. He walk­ phoned Mixon's apartment and ask­ was crammed with books, and his ed a half mile to the streetcar stop, ed if Bobby was in. He was not. wife had made tea and cookies. which straddled the road in from (Louise afterward began calling all They sat down to a delightful con­ Munich; at worst, he could catch her friends and telling them Bobby versation in Hungarian about music, the street railway to Munich. He had been kidnapped.) The team literature and travel. After about 20 paced nervously, aware that Ger­ chief called out the goon squad, minutes, the wife left the room. mans on the platform were watch­ some burly types, who drove grimly Tibor got down to business and ing him. A tram to Munich never out to Dachau at high speed in a showed his organizational charts; came. black Chevrolet sedan; seeing the whole operation would cost Nathan arrived bawling to the Mixon at the streetcar stop, two $10,000 a month, and he himself duty officer that Mixon was kid­ thuggish agents leaped out and would meet the agents. Mixon told napped. Everyone did the logical dragged Mixon into the car. Almost him it looked pretty good, but he thing. The duty officer called the as the car sped away, the excited

June 1973 19 Germans standing there flagged down an MP car and reported the kidnapping of an American. The news, relayed to Mixon's command­ ing officer, seemed to corroborate Nathan's urgency. The Czech bor­ Bring der was sealed by the border police. Before the Austrian border could be closed, however, the black sedan arrived back at the casern and your next Mixon strolled up to the duty desk. "Mixon!" screamed the duty offi­ cer, his voice trailing off. "Call the convention C. O." The American community was buzzing the next morning with re­ ports that an American had been tothe kidnapped. "The C.O. was pretty nice about it. He said, 'Well, Mixon, I hear you had the goon squad out Queen City. last night.' " Guarding a Soviet colonel was not so funny, however. Every man had a loaded submachine gun at his Andstay fingertips and was under orders to protect the Russian at all costs from anyone, including the West Germans. That was primarily a CIA inaP.lace operation and the information the colonel gave helped pinpoint Col. Abel, the top Soviet spy in the that's fit for United States. Nor is it amusing to think of Mixon shooting a strug­ gling V-12 and leaving him dead on a Munich street. "You never know aking. what you'd have done," says Mixon, and his index finger dances thoughtfully over his lip. "I believe I would have followed orders .... Some things look terrifying at the time and then turn out to be noth­ ing; but they could have turned out otherwise." His students probably think he was never more than 30 yards from a library or graduate school in his life-a good teacher. They see him at a Clemson sports event or push­ ing a grocery cart at the super­ Sheraton Center market-a nice fellow. Some of SHERATON HOTELS & MOTOR INNS. A WORLDWIDE SERVICE OF ITT them were not even born when The Sheraton Center, Charlotte's newest and most complete Prof. Mixon carried a .38 in a shoul­ convention facility, located downtown near the new civic center, der holster when he went to work. opens in the fall of '73. For more information write Gene Conover, Sheraton Center, 301 McDowell Street, Cameron-Brown Building, Charlotte, N.C. Richard A . Underwood, of Clem­ 28204, or call him at (704) 372-4100. son, is the author of A Little Bit of Love, published by Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

20 Sand lap per b

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long, white, battered Olds­ mobile with an Atlanta promo­ Ation tag stirs up a little dust as it swerves into the sandy parking lot at the Holiness Church of God erpent in Jesus Name near Donaldson Center in Greenville. A black Ford ect By Dale Perry station wagon with no hubcaps pulls in beside the Atlanta car and its four doors fly open like its occu­ pants have reached the land of milk and honey. A rather large, neatly building in no way resembles a night in that mill, and the Lord dressed woman and a rather small church except for a small red-and­ knows I was tired when I got off man dressed likewise but more white sign spelling out its function; work last night. I ain't had much colorfully get out of their Olds and but shouting and singing will soon sleep, but the good Lord gave me head toward the station wagon to pour through the broken window­ the strength to come here today bid welcome and "Praise the Lord." panes and cracked walls. and do His work," a woman in a Their four children, ranging from 6 By now several more cars have blue 1963 Ford yells. Another to 11 years, pile out of the car arrived; one car getting a lot of at­ station wagon, dark blue, arrives, behind their parents and proceed to tention is from Chester. the one car everybody knows and the little white frame building. The "I worked on the third shift last respects. It is driven by Brother Floyd, who has brought his four children and wife to "do the work of the Lord." Brother Floyd is sur­ rounded by the church's followers, and all of the 11 children in the parking lot have their eyes glued to two screened-over wooden boxes which contain three copperheads and two diamondback rattlers. "Glad to see you, Sister Whit­ worth. God bless you for coming," Brother Floyd shouts across two cars to a group of elderly ladies who have come this particular Sunday to "set things right with the Lord Jesus Christ." The serpent handlers all shake hands, some kiss one another, and others simply hug each other and thank the Lord for making this Sunday a beautiful day for "getting together and shouting the praises of Jesus Christ." It is 2:30 p.m. sharp, and the hands on the clock in this time position mean something to those who "Praise the Lord" at the Holi-

22 Sand lap per ness Church of God in Jesus Name: The time has arrived to "get on with the work of the Lord." The Lord's work starts with the bang of a tambourine and the twang of a guitar. It is not long before the 50-member congregation is stomping and clapping like a multitude two hours into a heaven­ bound songfest. These worshipers hold nothing back when it comes to shouting the praises of the Lord. Sister Whitworth bangs the church's rinky-tink piano like it was one of God's own instruments, and the children with tambourines are just as enthusiastic. The congregation is into the third verse of "Just a Little Talk with Jesus," and with that old favorite over, hardly a note is missed getting into "Keep on the Firing Line." But with the third old favorite-"! Saw the Light"-over, the lyrics of the singing worshipers, the strings of the guitars and the bangs of the tambourines give way to Brother Floyd, fully dressed in black and prepared to "shout the praises of Jesus and cast out the devil." As the preacher prepares to deliver his message, he waits for the devoutly religious shouts of "Bless Ye, Jesus," "Hallelujah, Jesus" and "Thank You, Jesus" to wane. It is completely acceptable, almost encouraged, for members of the congregation to leave their tiny pews and step to the front for the Lord whenever Brother Floyd preaches a lesson that turns them on. "How many of you came to praise the Lord today?" Brother f Floyd, sometimes called Brother McCall (his last name), or Preacher (his God-given title), asks. The whole congregation, children in­ cluded, shout back their intentions. And with their shouts they make believers of those who might doubt their reasons for being there. Brother Floyd, basing his belief Brother Floyd McCall of the Holiness Church of God on Mark 16:17-19, testifies loudly in Jesus Name in Greenville leads his congregation that since he started living for the in handling rattlesnakes as part of their worship ritual.

June 1973 23 "They shall take up serpents; and if woman takes the rattler from can "beat out the devil." Beating they drink any deadly thing it Brother Floyd and grasps it with out the devil, sometimes translated shall not hurt them."-Mark, 16:18. tender love and care. "O, holy to mean "casting out demons," re­ Jesus," the woman shouts as the quires the workout of an athlete rattler coils around her wrist like it training for the Olympics and looks Lord, "I found out the world didn't has found paradise. something like a one-woman tribal want it. I've been in jail every­ Another worshiper has been dance. The Sister from Union struts where. I've seen it [serpent han­ "moved by the Lord" to take up around the girl in a trance like a dling] done in the city [Greenville] serpents, and the rattler uncoils majorette in a Fourth of July since they passed laws against it. only to find itself draped over the parade and slaps the girl in the face Yes, Brothers and Sisters, I took shoulders of a smaller but more to beat the devil out. "Help her, them [serpents] up in the city. But energetic handler. Jesus. Get to her heart, Jesus. Show I don't fear man. I fear God," he "When I first saw it [serpent han­ her you love her," the woman shouts from behind a makeshift dling] done, I prayed to God I shouts as she slaps. pulpit in front of a black back­ would never take one up, but now I By now more worshipers have ground tapestry of the Lord's can say I thank Jesus that He opened the box with the three Supper. moved me to take up serpents and copperheads, and the woman who Brother Floyd then picks up one get the demons out of my body," arrived in the Atlanta car reaches of the diamondback rattlers and the woman from Union shouts. for the serpents like they are waves it before the congregation When she turns the serpent over lengths of tangled rope. "Holy, like a Christmas toy. A teen-age girl to another worshiper, the woman holy, holy, Jesus! You moved me stands before the pulpit in a trance, from Union gives full testimony to do it. Lord, look. You see me " getting it on for the Lord" and about how she came to handle doing it!" the Atlantan shouts as " moving in the spirit." An elderly serpents for the Lord and how she she presses the three copperheads

24 Sand lap per

to her stomach and breasts. Floyd picks up his father's cry and Brother Floyd leans down to the reminds the congregation that if floor and picks up a jar containing one of them is bitten, "it would be something that looks like cloudy the work of the Lord casting out sandlapper water. "I know today if I die from the devil." The preacher admits he drinking this poison, the Lord will has been bitten several times, "but corner find me another life," the preacher the Lord always saw fit to heal me Sandlapper Corner offers shouts. Sweat pouring from his and get me back here every Sunday you a wealth of South· forehead, Brother Floyd takes two to carry on His work." Caroliniana- set aside sips from the jar and announces By now it is 5 p.m. and the for your convenience. that "I have so much faith in sweet shouts in the small church have Current and back issues of Sandlapper \1agazine. Jesus I can drink strychnine and it silenced; the only emotional out­ as well as all books won't harm me." The preacher's bursts are sobs. "I just want every­ published by Sandlapper wife vows later that her husband body here to know I love the Lord Press. Inc .. arc available had been bothered recently with with all my heart," an elderly at the following local woman testifies as she wipes away stores. Browse through kidney stones, and his ailment only these interesting cleared up when he drank strych­ the tears. "I just want you to know collections and make nine. the Lord Jesus Christ has helped me selections to enrich Brother Floyd's father mingles through." your personal library. among the hand-clapping and foot­ Brother Floyd asks the congrega­

So ndlapper Bookstore stomping congregation and tells tion to pray for those with sorrows & Gallery, I nc. about how the Lord is punishing as he returns the serpents to con­ 400 W. Main Street Lexington the city of Greenville for "going finement, then reminds: "Those

The Fair , Inc. against the believers." (He is refer­ who love the Lord come back next 507 £ . St.John Street Spartanburg ring to the city's passing an ordi­ Sunday to carry on His work." nance 20 years ago to make serpent Font's Book Store I /4 Whitner Street handling illegal because a man was Dale Perry is on the staff of the And erson bitten and almost died.) Brother Greenville News. H & S Book H ouse Florence Mall Florence

Th e Hammock Shop Pawleys Isla nd

Nash's Bookstore Wine Street at Park Mu llins

Th e Open Book Bell To wer Ma ll Greenville

Woodsedge Gift Sho p 12 J Woodlawn Street Laurens

Aiken Office Supply & Books /06 Park Avt>nue, S. W. Aiken

Ye 'Ole Book Shoppe I 40 Caslwa Street Darlingto n

The Book Nook u. s. 441 Sumter

Palmeu o Sq uare / 440 Ma in Street Columbia

The Commissary Pl easan t Hill Road Dillon

The Book Stall Barefoot Tra ders H igh way I 7, North Windy Hill Sect ion North My rtle Beach. S. C.

Brother Floyd joins his congregation in shouting praises of the Lord before the serpent handling rites begin.

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® Registered Mark of Blue Cross Association ® Registered Mark of N atio nal Association of Blue Shield Plans "Show me the manner in which a nation cares for its dead, and I wil I measure with mathematical exactness the tender mercies of its people, their respect for the laws of the land and their loyalty to high ideals." GLADSTONE ) I \ nticipation filled the air. You could easily tell by the anxious Avoices of the 20-odd youngsters in the group. In the distance a harmonious air horn cut through the cool, early May evening air. Two longs, a short, another long-a warning for the Lyttleton Street and Broad Street grade crossings. The eagerness increased. To the north, just around a bend some three-fourths of a mile distant, one could discern a powerful light get­ ting brighter as each second passed. As the light approached, a single blast of the now-loud horn split the air. Someone in the crowd of ap­ proximately 75 excitedly shouted, "Yonder comes the train!" Shortly thereafter, the graduating class of Camden's Joseph Kershaw Acad­ emy boarded Amtrak's fleet Silver Star for a trip to Orlando, Florida, and Disney World. A train trip in 1973? "I thought they stopped running the trains," some would say. And rightfully so, for in 1971 when the National Rail­ road Passenger Corp. took over op­ eration of passenger trains, a goodly ,I number of the lesser runs were dis­ A RETURN continued. The top main line routes were retained, however, and Am­ trak, the nickname for the quasi­ governmental corporation, is busily TO THE RAILS at work improving the service in order to attract travelers back to By Eugene Ransom the rails. Passenger service is offered on a nationwide scale and plans are currently under way for Canadian

June 1973 29 and Mexican connections. While service to some states has been sharply reduced, South Carolina has been fortunate; excellent main line service is available in all parts of the state. Twelve trains cross the Pal­ metto State daily, serving the five largest cities and several smaller towns. Amtrak operates the Silver Meteor and the Champion along the coast and the Silver Star and the Vacationer through the midlands, while Southern Railway's Southern Crescent and Piedmont serve the Piedmont area. An added summer special, the Carolina Coast, also serves the coastal region. The Vaca­ tioner, which stops in Columbia, was added last winter to meet the heavy seasonal traffic. Between the Silver Star and the Vacationer, cen­ tral South Carolinians now have a choice of daylight or overnight --~-- schedules going north or south. The Meteor has been improved somewhat and now features all­ refurbished cars, hostesses, fashion ., shows and a second gourmet dining car offering candlelight dining with complimentary champagne. Two other passenger trains pass through South Carolina but do not receive or discharge passengers here: Amtrak's Florida Special and Au­ to-Train, a new innovative, highly

successful train carrying autos as well as people. Passenger trains operating in South Carolina visit a number of places to the north, such as Raleigh, Richmond, Washington, Baltimore, New York City and Boston. South­ bound, Amtrak trains speed to Savannah, Jacksonville and both coasts of Florida, including vaca­ tion spots like Orlando (Disney World), Tampa-St. Petersburg and Miami. Southern's Crescent, called by many the finest, most scheduled train in the country, ventures west­ ward to Atlanta, Birmingham and New Orleans. The Crescent is part of a unique transcontinental service which provides an overnight stay in New Orleans with through service to Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and

30 Sand lap per A Seaboard Coast Line train heading north pulls into a quiet Columbia station. Below left: A weary group of high school students alight from the Silver Star after a trip to Disney World.

result of Amtrak's efforts, the de­ expansion of service is needed. The cline has not only been stopped; added trains merely operate over patronage is now increasing. The the same rail rights-of-way that return to passenger trains has been were laid out years ago-no one has so great in some areas that it has to move, the ecology is not dis­ been necessary to obtain reserved turbed and no more concrete is seats weeks in advance. For most of laid. (It is interesting to note that last summer, the Silver Star was already an area exceeding that of booked solid at least a week ahead the states of Connecticut, on northbound trips. During part of Delaware, Massachusetts, New the winter, all four Florida trains Hampshire, Rhode Island and were sold out more than a week in Vermont combined has been paved advance. over for motor traffic.) Many South Carolinians traveling Perhaps the most important mid-to-long distances are discover­ reason many Carolinians are return­ ing that rail travel offers advantages ing to the rails is the safety aspect. over other modes of transportation. The modern passenger train offers - Relaxation on board a train is a real the safest means of travel available :=,---. plus. One can stretch out in a re­ today. Based on fatalities per pas­ .... f # served leg-rest coach, watch the senger-mile for the past 10 years in country slip by in the daytime and the country, trains have been twice sleep comfortably at night. With as safe as buses, three times as safe plenty of room to spare, trains of­ as airplanes and more than 23 times fer up-to-date dining and lounge as safe as the family car. accommodations. For those who For these reasons, and because of prefer, the special luxury of a pri­ Amtrak's stated purpose, "make vate day room (sleeping room) is the trains worth traveling again," it -Photo by Edwin H. Sto ne available. Of course, if a family is not surprising to find South Caro­ chooses the train over the family linians returning to the passenger California. Through passengers may car Dad, or whoever usually drives, train. Businessmen are finding the use the sleeping car as a hotel in will be the chief beneficiary. There overnight schedule to northern New Orleans. will not be any traffic-clogged high­ points to be convenient. Families When Amtrak took over opera­ ways to slow you down. Also, the are learning that the visit to tion of most of the nation's passen­ weather will not be a factor as it is relatives or friends is much more ger trains, patronage was in a seri­ with autos and planes. enjoyable without the long drive at ous decline. Except for a few nota­ Those residents of the Palmetto beginning and end. Vacationers, ble exceptions like Seaboard and State mindful of ecology will be too, are beginning to see the Southern, equipment and service pleased to know that the trains benefits of arriving relaxed. were being sadly neglected by the serving the state create less noise Should you be one of those par­ ·' railroads. Few routes were profita­ and pollution per passenger than ticipating in the fun of a train trip ble. Amtrak, determined to turn autos or planes. While automobiles to Disney World, New York City or things around, set about to restore are a primary source of air pollu­ elsewhere, keep your ears tuned for good service, and they have-all ex­ tion and the exhaust from jet air­ that long-lived greeting as the train isting equipment is being refur­ craft is of growing concern, modern approaches the station. I'll eat my bished, new engines and cars are diesel-powered passenger trains go hat if you don't hear someone ex­ being added, food service is getting about their tasks with lesser citedly say, "Yonder comes the needed attention, family fares are amounts of carbon monoxide left train!" being offered, credit cards are being behind. Unlike highways and air­ accepted and pretty hostesses are in ports, the railroad tracks do not Gene Ransom is a free-lance writer attendance on some routes. As a disturb scenic or historic sites when from Camden.

June 1973 31 Television Station of the Year Awarded by S. C. Broadcasters Association

WCSC-TV5 Charleston, S. C. -ot until 1951 did Myrtle Beach and the 60-mile-long gold mine Nwell named the Grand Strand begin to appreciate that there are 12 months in every year. Now, My, Myrtle, thanks to the blessing of a generally sport shirt winter, aided and abet­ ted by persuasive imagination and inexhaustive gimmickery, this How You've Grown comely queen of middle South resorts has found a way to pocket the tens of millions of dollars it By Tom Hamrick missed last summer. Come Labor Day, the neon­ washed Grand Strand not so long ago flipped off the lights, sealed the shutters and literally died. Today the area is ingesting 40 percent of its annual intake of $135 million in tourist dollars during the off-sea­ son. The "summer" here is now a lucrative 10 months long, and local things-to-do architects are busily trying to discover how to lure those wonderful spenders who still stay away in December and January. Even so, there is so much hap­ pening on the Grand Strand calen­ dar through the cooler months that half the 350 motels and hotels along nature's sandy wonderway keep their red carpets unrolled from May through November and 20 percent are open all year. Half of the 350 eating places along the Strand-offering everything from super-priced exotic menus to carry­ out fish and chips-are open for business year-round. Around-the-calendar planning -All photos courtesy S.C. Depart ment of Parks, Recreation and T ourism was begun in 1951 when, as a "season stretcher," the Strand Beach beauties enhance the natural resources of sun, sand and sea. launched the first of its successful Sun Fun days, held during the endar. By the end of 1971, the dividends. It takes money to make once-doldrum first weekend in "festival a month" program was in money, the chamber reckons, and June. Two years later another prof­ near-full swing and now gains new slightly more than half of its annual itable piece of unseasonal elastic momentum by the year. A January $300,000 budget is earmarked for was inserted, this time to capitalize fete was held for the first time this promotional efforts. By compar­ on the harvest of fish waiting at year, completing the circuit. ison, this is more than twice what shoreside for the frying pan. Origin­ A fountain of ideas springs from Charleston's chamber wanted budg­ ally, a Grand Strand Fishing Rodeo the Greater Myrtle Beach Chamber eted in 1973 for promotion. More was organized to keep money com­ of Commerce, which serves 60 than 13 million tourists probably ing in from Labor Day to Thanks­ miles of fabulous tideside South will flood in this year. For its giving, but cooperative fish lent the Carolina from Little River to penny-per-person in promotion, the opportunity to expand it still fur­ Georgetown. Business firms up and gold coast reaps an average of $30 a ther, from May 1 until November down the coast feed the advertising day from each guest, whatever the faded completely. Other "holidays" kitty in a cooperative effort which weather, season or reason. and festivals were added to the cal- is unquestionably paying major As much as the gimmickery, it

June 1973 33 Myrtle Beach offers a myriad of activities for all hours of the day. Counterclockwise from right: A girl prepares to ride the waves the easy way. A surfer enjoys the serenity of early morning at Pawleys Island. Children are enchanted by the roller coaster.

has been the springtime winter open the year round, a lot of places which gave birth to the 12-month here would be out of business," season. Only in December and Jan­ Brinkman insisted. "They simply uary does the temperature dip as can't live all year off three low as 55 degrees daytimes, and months.'' Canadians who pour into the sector He visualized that by 1983 the by the thousands for Canadian­ Strand will be heavily spotted with American Days (Gimmick No. 435) seaside skyscrapers, and in Myrtle in March find the water sufficiently Beach alone there will be some 500 warm and appealing. They enjoy retail and service establishments­ surf with sun as unpolarized Ameri­ more than twice the number now cans get goose bumps watching serving the city and its visitors. from shore. (For less hearty Canadi­ There is nothing frugal about the ans, the chamber points the way to palaces in the sky being built at the eight heated and covered pools in beach. The 14-story Landmark is are being trampled under 750,000 Myrtle Beach.) costing some $7 million, and a busy rounds of golf per year, and 70 per­ It has been a case of sheer neces­ builder named Hilton is adding a cent of the games are played during sity, according to Fred Brinkman, a complex priced at $9 million. "the other nine months." February personable pinwheel who is execu­ Brinkman foresees other giants edg­ through April, the big golf season, tive vice president and chief ing into place rapidly, up to 25 as many as 3,000 persons a day par­ dynamo of the chamber. With the stories tall. ticipate. Some of the biggest names beach anticipating some half-billion Whoever discovered golf would in golf have challenged the greens, dollars in new construction during be an honored hero anywhere on and dignitaries such as Vice Presi­ the next five years-virtually all of the Strand. The game is second dent Spiro Agnew. it designed for the Great American only to the sea in beckoning power. Work on new courses is ceaseless, Pocketbook-"if we didn't stay Sixteen championship courses here as the attractiveness of this turfdom

34 Sand lap per 00 Clockwise from right. Dancing at the pavilion, sitting for a por­ trait, watching a campfire and building sand castles are all popular activities; but the main attraction remains the surf-lapped beach. 15

grows in appeal to duffers and pros say 'thank you' and 'we hope you who come from all over the coun­ have a good day,' " testified a sur­ try to play solo or compete in a prised beach guest from Rock Hill. slew of tournaments. To cater to "The surprising thing about it was this expanding demand, a battery that they really seemed to mean of motels and hotels inveigle golfers every word." with special rates which include The police on the Grand Strand lodging and greens fees. By the end are equally hospitable. Myrtle of 1973, the chamber expects eight Beach Chief of Police W. C. Newton more championship courses to be termed his force "an arm of the added to the existing 16. chamber of commerce." Every of­ Gracious handmaiden to year­ ficer in his command, he insisted, round programming is a local brand "will do everything he can to give a of hospitality which is a thing to visitor a better-than-even break." witness, even for Southerners accus­ He clamps down hard on gambling tomed to courtesy. "I've never in and prostitution, but whiskey-over­ my life been in a store and come the-bar was given acceptance status out empty-handed and had a clerk in his town long before anybody

June 1973 35 You may think it's your first home. And and the golfing capital of the world. you may think you're looking for a sec­ You find meticulously-appointed low­ ond home. A retreat. An escape. A lux­ rise Garden Condominiums arranged as urious hideaway. though nature put them there. You find But then you discover Briarcliffe an unusual clubhouse. Swimming pool. West. Tennis. And suddenly your thinking does a You find serenity near the sea. complete about-face. You realize you've You find. Home. been living in your second home all Off Highway 17 at Myrtle Beach in along. Briare! iffe Acres. Because here you've found the last Telephone (803) 272-6126. unspoiled shoreline on the East Coast

We are pledged to the letter and spirit of U.S. policy for the achievement of equal housing opportunities ~ throughout the Nation. We encourage and support an affirmative advertising and marketing program in L:..J which there are no barriers to obtaining housing because of race, color, religion, or national origin. ever heard of the mini-bottle. Some Fun Festival in June. With the ad­ force expects to move into the chamber officials estimate that the vent of autumn arrives Indian Sum­ Montreal-Quebec area to unleash a blind eye turned to illegal cocktail mer Days and the Thanksgiving combination public appearance pro­ sales has helped encourage a mam­ Holidays Festival; for Christmas, gram and advertising venture to en­ moth return traffic to the Strand, the Christmas Holidays Festival. courage French-speaking Canadians perhaps accounting for as much as Interspersed wherever the events to come South-at least as far as 20 percent of its repeat prosperity. can be fitted in is a sparkle of total­ Greater Myrtle Beach-next Easter While gambling houses are not ly unrelated programming featuring for their own Canadian holidays. permitted in Myrtle Beach, Chief concerts of classical music com­ Meantime, the chamber will also Newton claimed, Horry County of­ peting with the oompah of the U. begin a public relations campaign ficials are not clamping down and S. Navy band, folk artist offerings aimed at chilly New England, stres­ Myrtle Beach is therefore given "a guested by Earl Scruggs and the sing the advantages of a bask of bad name" when someone loses at a Waltons, tours of historic manses warmer sun in the South in midwin­ gaming table in the suburbs. Losses and locales, stage plays, old-fash­ ter. "We're warmer in winter than ranging to $5,000 have been report­ ioned turkey shoots, a Blue Grass any beaches north of Florida," a ed to him, he fumed. A frank man Music Festival featuring such big Strand businessman observed, "and who does not mince words, the country names as Bill Monroe and we're a hanguva lot closer than chief figured that if he cracked Lester Flatt, square dances, pa­ Miami." down hard on all minor violations rades, beauty contests, flower 0 nly occasionally does the from liquor to traffic, "I could take shows, art exhibitions, fish fries, weatherman pull a wintry surprise this police department and ruin and Southern-style pancake break­ on the Strand, as in March 1971 Myrtle Beach in one summer." fasts. when a snow flurry attacked the An off-season drawing card in­ "The idea," submitted Brink­ beach. It did not stay long enough creasingly emphasized is conven­ man, "is to let people know there's to coat the ground, but it caused a tioneering, and the new convention something going on here all the 10 percent cut in business the fol­ center at Myrtle Beach is held re­ time, winter and summer, spring lowing March after the word trav­ sponsible for bringing in a mush­ and fall." The objective, he claim­ eled north. But Zeb M. Thomas, rooming traffic. Typical of the cold ed, "is to develop the Grand Strand chairman of the chamber's advertis­ weather convention turnout were as one of the world's outstanding ing council, noted that except for a 2,000 Baptists who flocked to the all-year vacationlands." handful of days every year, it is Strand just before last Christmas. What kind of success is year­ either shirt-sleeve or spring weather. They had barely exited when 4,500 round planning receiving? In a Brinkman, who says he can't re­ Shriners swept in to undertake an word, sensational. Eight thousand member what an overcoat looks entirely different brand of holiday­ persons turned out for the week­ like, contended that visitors can ing. long Air Force Appreciation Days enjoy no less than 300 sunny, dry In planning its off-season festi­ last November; the wintertime blue­ days every year. vals, the chamber has left no stone grass-hillbilly extravaganza packed Without luck and the presence of unturned. The parade of festivals in 4,000 paying customers at prices U. S. 1 7, there never would have has presented the chamber with an ranging to $16 for reserved seats been a Strand mecca in South Caro­ unusual problem. "We're about to during a three-day run; and 35,000 lina. Only as recently as 1940, the run out of names for them," an of­ people participated in one or more Strand was little more than a collec­ ficial lamented dryly. of the 80 events tied into the tion of small eating places and aver­ The year is pushed underway Thanksgiving Fiesta. Canadian­ age motels dotted along a north­ with-not surprisingly-the January American Days-an untapped south route linking Florida to New Jamboree. On tap at the time (but mother lode discovered in York. The Strand's visitors num­ by no means inclusive) are a "win­ 1963-has proven such a bonanza bered into the dozens, local ter carnival of cards," featuring that this year the chamber decided residents recall, and most of them games ranging from bridge to pi­ to carry its exploration even further came from no farther away than nochle, a beauty contest, two con­ in an expanded quest for Canadian the Carolinas. About the only thing certs, dances and an art exhibition. currency. Upwards of 25,000 Cana­ they spent was the day. Through the months to follow dians from the English-speaking Today 80 percent of the beach's cascade George Washington Days in areas around Toronto crowd onto welcomed invaders come from out February, the South Carolina Folk the Strand during a school holiday of state. Music Festival and Canadian­ period in March, and when they Like Topsy, in its unplanned American Days in March, George­ depart a week later, local tills have early day the Strand just grew. Now town Plantation Tours in April, the been fattened by some $1.2 mil­ Myrtle Beach is the home of giant Grand Strand Spring Fling and All­ lion. This fall, a 40-member cham­ corporation planning. Almost any Sports Week in May, and the Sun ber of commerce expeditionary of the dozens of majestic motels

June 1973 37 -

and hotels of today would likely cost more than two dozen of their 1940s and 50s predecessors. Proper­ ty values have escalated 25 times or more from asking prices 25 years ago . Land has become so valuable that leasing rather than sale is a big thing on the Strand. The proliferation of million­ dollar-plus hostelries offers suffi­ cient accommodations in 1973 to shelter 63,000 guests at any one time. This is complemented with 72,000 cottage spaces, and 8,000 frequently filled campsites can host 34,935 people at one bedding, by actual count. During peak days in hottest weather, this golden ground attracts several hundred thousand visitors a day, so many no one can count them and only the chamber of commerce is willing to go out on a limb with an estimate. Take away the visitors, however, and the Strand would be a lonely place to live. Only some 40,000 persons live there year-round, of whom fewer than 10,000 inhabit the city of Myrtle Beach. Myrtle Beach ("you can spot an outsider when he says 'Myrtle,' " a beach resident grieved) is the core of the Strand. The city itself is 95 percent white and its summer white influx represents about the same statistic. Blacks are welcomed, but most choose to head for nearby At­ lantic Beach, one of America's few black-administered communities. Atlantic Beach is a constant con­ tributor to the $158,000 promo­ tional fund which benefits the en­ tire Strand front. Forty miles of the Grand 8trand run along the oceanic perimeter of Horry County, with the remaining 20 miles jutting southward into the historic town of Georgetown. Gfhe Old South. A time and place Along it are five incorporated mu­ where hospitality was a way of life. nicipalities: Myrtle Beach ("the This is the spirit of Rebel Yell. Sold capital"), Atlantic Beach, North only below the Mason-Dixon line. Myrtle Beach, Surfside Beach and Georgetown. Each is rewarded by the year-long planning program.

REBEL YELL Lt. Col. USA (Ret.) Tom Hamrick ~ GJ-l()§t GBour6on. 9f th.<3 South. is a free-lance writer from Mount Pleasant.

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@ Southern Bell l SHELLFISH By E Martin Herman fJ ~ RECIPES

f I had to put a label around the 112 cup non-dairy cream ~ along the back to take out the long 1/2 tsp. sugar entire category of seafood which black vein. Then return the tail to we broadly refer to as shellfish-a 1.4 tsp. monosodium glutamate I 1 can (71/2 oz.) chilled crab meat the shell and scoop the stuffing label short yet descriptive-I think I 112 cup bread crumbs along the open body and tail sec­ would be able to do it in three 1 scrambled egg tion. Place in the oven at about 375 words-friendly family food. Al­ 2 tbsp. sherry degrees for 20-30 minutes and serve though the variety of shellfish runs 2 finely diced scallions Salt and pepper to taste piping hot with melted butter. If the gamut from oysters and clams you wish you can season the butter to lobsters and snails, there is really Mix well cream, sugar and mono­ with a squeeze of fresh lemon. just one way to enjoy them: in­ sodium glutamate. Blend crab meat Serves two. formally. Take the stuffiest person into cream mixture and gradually and put a lobster bib around his fold in bread crumbs. Add egg, neck and you transform him into sherry, scallions, salt and pepper, OYSTERS, CLAMS, MUSSELS "just plain folks." and blend all ingredients. AND SNAILS Live lobsters and crabs can be LOBSTER AND CRAB boiled in the same manner. Drop, The ''solitary confinement" head first, into a large pot of boil­ group of shellfish not only lock There are really only two varie­ ing salted water (1 teaspoon salt per themselves up in their own "apart­ ties of lobster-the northern lob­ quart of water). Boil about 8-10 ment" but come to the table in ster, caught from Maine to Nova minutes per pound-lobsters will their own serving dish-a half shell. Scotia, and the rock lobster, found turn bright red, crabs a nice pink Oysters, mussels, clams and snails mostly in southern waters. The when done. The meat is less tender are sold live at most fresh-fish basic difference is that the northern if you over cook it, so time it care­ stores. A good check on the fresh­ variety has claws and the rock lob­ fully and as soon as it is done re­ ness is a closed shell; a tightly ster does not. Most of the meat of move from the boiling water and closed shell is the best sign that the rock lobster is in the tail sec­ allow to cool off. Drain excess they are still alive when you buy tion. Pollution has really taken its water. them. toll; the 2-3 pounders that used to Place the lobster on its back and To prepare oysters, clams and be plentiful around the seashores of straighten out the tail. With a muscles, scrub the shells under cold New England are harder to find. sharp-pointed knife, cut through running water, then shuck (re­ Most lobster fishermen now have to the shell in a straight line from the move the top shell) by placing a go farther out to make the catch. head to the tail. Slice into the claw small sharp knife between the shells Hard-shell crabs are available but leave the section intact. Spread and twisting along the edge until it most of the year. In the spring and the split lobster gently apart and snaps open. Cut along the outer early summer, when the old shell is crack off the head section. Remove edge to cut the muscles which are shed and the new one is hardening, the stomach (small sack behind the holding the shells together. Discard we find soft-shell crabs. We prefer head) and liver, or tomalley (green the flat shell. An alternative type of cold crab meat in salads or cock­ substance found in the body sec­ preparation is to place the scrubbed tails. However, if you really want to tion). Also remove the red roe. shells in a large covered pot and treat your taste buds to a party, to Both the roe and the tomalley are allow to steam in a small amount of an unforgettable lip-smacking treat, edible and considered to be true water until the shells open. Be­ here is our favorite combination delicacies. At this point try to ware-overcooked mussels lose their lobster-and-crab recipe. shake as much water as you can shape and oysters become tough LOBSTER ROY ALE from the claw and body section. and rubbery when they over cook. Remove the tail section of meat in In the shell, store this group of 2 fresh lobsters, 1-1112 lbs. each one piece and make a shallow cut shellfish in a cool place. Shucked or

40 Sand lap per CHUNKY CHOWDER out of the shell, keep tightly cover- · Heat olive oil in skillet. Drop garlic into hot oil for flavoring, then dis­ ed and store in the coldest part of 3 tbsp. vegetable oil the refrigerator. 1 small, finely diced onion card garlic. Saute shrimp in oil until Now for some of the many 3-4 finely diced scallions natural translucent shrimp turns a 12 small whole scallops pure white. Salt and pepper to dishes made with oysters, clams, 12 small whole clams (if you substitute mussels and snails. Let's start with taste. Add sherry and oregano to larger clams cut in half) shrimp and stir constantly. Fold in one of the most misunderstood 2% cups sweet cream members of the group: snails. 1 cup milk tomato sauce and allow to simmer 12 small oysters 10-15 minutes. Serve over spaghetti PARIS IAN OMELETTE Whole garlic clove or macaroni. Salt and pepper to taste 1 small can cooked snails GOLDEN FRIED SHRIMP 2 tbsp. butter Heat vegetable oil in a deep pot ( do 4 eggs, lightly beaten not burn). Drop garlic into oil as a 6 large, 8 medium or 10-12 small 2 tbsp. sherry flavoring, then remove and discard shrimp per person Clove of garlic garlic. Saute onion in oil. Add scal­ 2 eggs Salt, pepper and chopped parsley to % cup milk taste lions, scallops and clams to oil and 2 tbsp. sherry saute, briskly stirring mixture. Stir % tsp. monosodium glutamate Drain all liquid from snails and cream and milk into mixture. Salt 1/., tsp. sugar wash. Melt butter in large skillet and pepper to taste. Bring to a boil. Salt and pepper to taste (do not bum). Mince and add garlic Add oysters as the last ingredient to Plain bread crumbs to butter. Add snails and toss a­ avoid over cooking them. Place a Shell and devein raw shrimp. Wash, round until fully coated with but­ pat of butter and freshly made but do not let them soak in water. croutons in a soup bowl and pour ter; remove from pan. Pour eggs Dip in bread crumbs. Roll in mix­ into same pan. Add sherry, salt and in chowder, spooning in some of ture of eggs, milk, sherry, mono­ the oysters, clams and scallops from pepper. When egg is lightly brown sodium glutamate, sugar, salt and on one side, turn over and drop the pot. pepper. Then roll shrimp in bread snails into center, folding the om­ crumbs and allow to stand for elette over. Season with chopped SHRIMP about 5 minutes. Drop in hot oil parsley and serve hot. Serves two. until lightly toasted. Shrimp can be purchased in a CLAMMEROOS number of sizes ranging from about And what is seafood without a 12 shucked clams 12-65 to the pound. A fresh shrimp fresh batch of tartar sauce or sea­ 1/., cup cream (or milk, if you must) should not be limp-if you try to food sauce? A quick tartar sauce is 112 tsp. salt uncoil it, it should spring back to a simple blending of 1 cup mayon­ 1/., tsp. sugar shape. It is generally easier to re­ naise, 2 teaspoons yellow mustard 1/2 cup bread crumbs move the shell and vein (black strip 2 eggs and 1 teaspoon drained pickle rel­ 2 tbsp. sherry along the outer spine) from raw ish. For a fine seafood sauce, com­ Dash fresh pepper shrimp than from cooked shrimp. bine 1 cup ketchup, 2 tablespoons In any event, it is a quick task to horseradish and 1 tablespoon fresh­ Mix all ingredients in food blender devein shrimp once you have the ly squeezed lemon juice. until you have a smooth paste. knack. Simply hold the shrimp by Drop small amounts into very hot the thickest end in one hand and When it comes to seafood, re­ vegetable oil, forming mini-pan­ with a sharp small knife make a member: The fresher the better-­ cakes. Brown on both sides, drain shallow cut along the outer edge. and this is especially true with shell­ and serve. (The black vein is just below the fish . Fresh fish has a clean sea surface once you have peeled back MUSSELS AND EGGS smell. Lobsters and crabs will be the shell.) Try to remove the vein in lively, not sluggish, if they are truly 2 scrambled eggs one piece. Then wash the shrimp fresh. Oysters, mussels and clams 6-8 steamed mussels under cold water and drain. will have tightly closed shells; if 2 tbsp. sherry they are open before you have 1-2 finely diced scallions SHRIMP IT A LIAN Salt and pepper to taste cooked them, even slightly, do not 2 tbsp. olive oil use them. Scallops will have a clean Pour eggs into skillet with a pat of 1 clove garlic odor. Fresh shrimp is springy, not butter; salt and pepper to taste. Mix 1 lb. raw shrimp (shelled and deveined) limp. together mussels, sherry and scal­ 2 tbsp. sherry Salt and pepper to taste lions and drop into center of om­ Dash oregano elette. Fold over and serve hot. Small can tomato sauce E Martin Herman is a free-lance (Perfect for a midnight snack.) Cooked spaghetti or macaroni writer from Westfield, New Jersey.

June 1973 41 Leisure Living ston€ CQ€€k COV€

or many years, the trend across the country has been a steady Fflow away from the city to the ever sprawling suburbs. Now, an­ other type of transition is being seen in South Carolina, a movement away from suburbia to a more selective style of protected environ­ ment. Such is the case with Stone Creek Cove, one of the state's newest land developments. Located on Lake Hartwell in the north­ western section of the state, it has been planned for year-round living in a country club atmosphere. Adding to its appeal, Stone Creek Cove is designed as a total com­ munity in an environment pro­ tected to preserve its natural beauty and protected to safeguard the security of its residents.

42 Sand lap per Stone Creek Cove was conceived The lots and condominium sites are swimming pool, boating facilities by prominent Anderson County carefully situated to blend with the next to a cove having waters 60 feet businessman Richard O. Herbert, natural setting, bordering either the deep, a large equestrian area and president and chairman of the lake or private golf course, or af­ rambling bridle paths and nature board for Environment Builders, fording a view of these sites. trails. The facility is located on the Inc. Five years ago, he built a large Environment Builders has also "big waters" of Lake Hartwell, home beside Lake Hartwell and planned a section adjacent to Stone offering a wide variety of aquatic found a great deal of satisfaction in Creek Cove for the construction of enjoyment. year-round lakeside living. Joining patio homes, complete with garages The Stone Creek Cove Golf with other key businessmen, he and private swimming pools. Course has received accolades from purchased the area around his home Many recreational facilities will several noted golfers. Three holes and started plans for Stone Creek be provided Stone Creek Cove resi­ are completed and can be played as Cove. dents, including membership in the a nine hole course. Two more holes The development is spread over a existing Stone Creek Country Club, will be ready shortly. Eventually, heavily wooded 200-acre tract, with a private facility. Plans call for an nine holes will be completed which space allocated for 115 luxury elaborate clubhouse with an arts can be played as an 18 hole course. homesites and 150 condominiums. and crafts center, tennis courts, The close proximity of 1-85 provides easy access to Atlanta, Greenville and Charlotte. Churches, shopping facilities and schools are relatively nearby. The condominiums will be con­ structed in a clustered area and grouped to appeal to people of like interests. Planned in town house and patio designs, they have two, three and four bedrooms as well as such features as vaulted ceilings and open fireplaces. The first grouping of condominiums is nearing com­ pletion. Construction is scheduled soon on the next cluster. Development sales began in early November and Herbert says reac­ Leisure time can be spent in a tion has exceeded his fondest ex­ variety of ways at Stone pectations. Roads now wind Creek Cove on Lake Hartwell. through the development, the first group of condominiums will soon be ready for occupancy and the woods ring with the sounds of car­ penters' hammers as construction progresses. The developers are currently ex­ ploring ideas to handle sewage so there is no danger of polluting Lake Hartwell. Plans are being developed for a large self-contained lake sys­ tem with elaborate filter devices to ---- take care of this problem adequate­ ly. Stone Creek Cove is designed for those who want to live away from the hustle and bustle of city life, and relax year round in a quiet, more meaningful protected environ­ ment.

June 1973 43 There's a Diff ere nee Between Having a Past and Having a Heritage ...

. . . and that's what The Southern Heritage Society is all about. A book club for those who want to discover what the South has been, what it is, and what it will be. To know and understand the region, with all of its richness and diversity, is no mean task. It is much more than an accumulation of facts and figures ; it is a keen sensitivity to the very fabric of Southern life which makes the region truly unique. Books about the South are as diverse as the region itself But The Southern Heritage Society promises to offer its members a variety of books covering all aspects of Southern life-politics, biography, folklore, fiction, gardening, architecture, history, poetry, cooking. The Southern Heritage Library will offer hundreds of book selections. Some will be the world-acclaimed classics of Southern literature, some will be current best sellers, some little-known volumes that will acquaint you with particular events and conditions which have contributed to shaping and refining the flow of Southern thought and outlook. Any books that you as a member wish to purchase will be made available at special savings ( often below U!holesale cost). In addition to its Library, The Southern Heritage Society also will include a Collector's Guild which will offer you various objets d'art, statuary, medallions, paintings, commemorative items-again at important savings. These works of art, like the books, will reflect our Southern heritage and way of life. To join the Society, complete the coupon below and mail it with a check for ten dollars to cover your membership f ee. As a welcoming gift, the Society will send you any two of the books listed below and a set of bookplates designed especially for its members. If you're into Southern A mericana, let us hear from you soon!

0 Carolina Gold Rush­ QThe Sound and the Fury 0 Wind from the Main QWebster's New World America's First by William Faulkner by Anne Osborne Dictionary by Bruce Roberts Undoubtedly one of the A novel based on the Special edition for the The half-century when classics of Southern adventures of notorious 1970's. 36 full color North Carolina was the literature, this novel de­ woman pirate Anne plates and all illustra­ leading gold producing picts the conflict be­ Bonny who loved and tions in color. ($9.95) state. Photographs and tween the past and the fought up and down the maps. ($4.50) present in the modern east coast with Black­ 0 Ghosts of the Carolinas South. ($6.95) beard, Stede Bonnet and by Nancy and 0 The Mansions of Virginia Calico Jack. ($6.95) Bruce Roberts by T homas Tileston O Recipes from the Old Photographically illus­ Waterman South 0 Home by the River trated collection of the Here, for the first time, by M. L . Meade by Archibald Rutledge Carolinas' best ghost an architect has made a Crammed with delight- The story of Hampton tales. ($3.95) full study of more than ful recipes for old Plantation, its people forty of the pre-Re- Southern specialties for and its wildlife told only 0 Embattled Confederates: volutionary mansions of every mood and season­ as a great poet can. 28 An Illustrated History Virginia, with many de­ beaten biscuits, peach photographs. ($10.00) of Southerners at War tailed illustrations. cobbler, ham pops, by Bill Irvin Wiley ~thern Heritage Society ($10.00) dulcet cream. ($3.95) 0 Patchwork for Beginners An exciting factual POST OFFICE BOX 1668 by Sylvia Green portrayal of the Con­ COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA 29202 0 A Treasury of Southern 0 Robert E. Lee: The Man From quilts to pin federate people in should like to accept your invitation to Folklore And Soldier cushions-everything action with 292 illus­ become a member of The Southern Heritage edited by B. A. Botkin by Philip Van Doren you want to know about trations compiled by Society and am enclosing a check for ten dollars to Here's the South as 350 illustrations and patchwork. Step by step H. D. Hilhollen, Curator cover the membership fee. I understand that the Southerners know it and 80,000 words of text, instructions, 97 photo­ of Photos, Library of Society will send me the two books checked here tell about it and sing from childhood to the graphs and diagrams. Congress. ($10.00) and also a set of bookplates as welcoming gifts. I about it. ($7 .50) achievements of his ($7.95) further understand that I have no obligation to buy later years. ($9.95) QJaybirds Go To Hell any books in the future. 0 Iron Afloat-The Story on Friday Approximately every four weeks, the Society 0 John C. Calhoun of the Confederate by Havilah Babcock will send me its newsletter which describes the Diary From Dixie by Margaret L. Coit 0 Ironclads Warm, humorous current featured book as well as many others. If I by Mary Boykin Chesnut The biography of the by William Still hunting and fishing wish to purchase the featured book, I need do great defender of states' Life in the South during Perfect for military and tales told by a great nothing. It will come to me automatically. If I the Civil War. ($7.50) rights. ($8.50) naval buffs. ($10.00) outdoorsman. ($4.95) elect not to purchase the main selection, or prefer an alternate, I'll advise you by using the response 0 Death of the Fox QWhite Columns in card included with each newsletter. by George Garrett Georgia QA Treasury of Life of Sir Walter by Medora Field Southern Folklore NAME Raleigh by the Perkerson edited by B. A. Botkin ------Writer-in-Residence A delightful account The South as South­ ADDRESS ______at the University of Georgia's ante­ erners know it and of South Carolina. bellum houses. tell about it and ($10.00) ($3.95) sing about it. ($7 .50) CITY ______STATE ____ZIP 0 -cl :, (/) Q) 0 0 ~ Sou~istory C Carol~l~strated >"' > .0 V> C Q) p-Country hero of the Revolutionary -"' .',l War" is the accolade commonly be­ a.. stowed by historians upon Gen. An­ ~ ~ U -cl drew Pickens. Almost completely ignored, C however, have been the valuable services ren­ .... cession of thousands of acres of territory to the fledgling United States. The last half of his life (he died in 1817, aged 77) was de­ voted to a series of negotiations, entailing C infinite patience and arduous physical effort, 0 ·;::; u with various Indian tribes. :, -cl Pickens' early life played an important part 0 Q. in his later dealings with the Indians, tradi­ Q) a: tional foes of the Up-Country settlers. Shortly I after his birth in 1739, his father, an Irish immigrant seeking religious freedom in the New World, moved from Bucks County, Pennsylvania, to Virginia, and in 1752 to the Andrew Waxhaw settlement in South Carolina. The royal government of the colony, anxious to attract settlers, was offering tracts of land on Pickens very favorable terms, and its charter promised religious freedom to all. (It is an interesting TREATY MAKER EXTRAORDINAIRE footnote to history that the 800-acre tract belonging to the elder Pickens was cut in two by a later change in the boundary line and subsequently led to the dispute over Andrew By Mary W. Burgess Jackson's native state, for it was on Pickens' land that Jackson was born.) When Andrew Pickens was 16, his father died and the boy's formal schooling ceased. Indians reserved for themselves the territory Not too far away, in Abbeville County, a of Pendleton (now Anderson, Pickens, group of pioneers were hacking out homes in Oconee and Greenville counties), together the wilderness. In addition to physical with other territory in North Carolina and hardships and discomforts, they constantly Georgia. The present line between Greenville had to be on guard against Indian attacks. The and Spartanburg counties was then the Cherokees were the most civilized and one of boundary line between the province of South the most powerful of all American Indian Carolina and the Cherokee nation. nations. Their original territories embraced The French continued to incite the Chero­ the western parts of present-day West kees against the settlers; encroachment by Virginia, Virginia, North and South Carolina, whites upon their territory and outrages com­ and the northern portions of Georgia and mitted by white men in Indian villages added Alabama. Friendly at first, they had signed a to the Indians' resentment. In 1760 young treaty with the British in 1730. During the Cherokee warriors set upon the Long Cane French-British war, Gov. James Glen had settlement {Abbeville), massacring 50 to 60 persuaded the Cherokees to sell lands which persons. Among those who survived was a now form the counties of Edgefield, Abbe­ 16-year-old girl named Rebecca Calhoun ville, Laurens, Newberry, Union, Spartanburg, (whose nephew, born in 1782, was John C. York, Chester, Fairfield and Richland. The Calhoun). She fled with many of her family

June 1973 45 and friends to the Waxhaws, where she met persuaded after 10 days of feasting, ceremo­ young Andrew. Although only 21, Andrew nial dances, speech making and exchanges of was commissioned captain of a volunteer presents by both sides to relinquish their regiment to retaliate against the Indians. In claims to the vast wilderness roughly bound June 1761 they vanquished the Cherokees in by the Ohio, Kentucky and Cumberland a three-hour battle. The Indians fled to the rivers. They refused to yield their claim to the mountains, and their chief went to Charleston land between the French Broad and Holston to sue for peace. Andrew acquired a 250-acre rivers and wanted the 3,000 settlers in that tract on Long Cane creek, and two years later area evicted. Finally they agreed to allow he and Rebecca were married. congress to adjudicate the dispute, and on Settlers continued to pour into the Up Nov. 26, 1785, the treaty was signed under a Country, believing, as one of them wrote, large red oak known during its long life as the "that it was against the laws of God and Treaty Oak. Nature that so much land should remain idle Harassed on their journey by the uncoop­ while so many Christians wanted it to labor erative Creeks, a delegation of Choctaws was a on." Robbery, pillaging and arson became so month late in arriving. Pickens, Benjamin prevalent, however, that Pickens and others Hawkins and Joseph Martin, the commission­ formed companies of "regulators" who took ers, were successful in concluding a treaty the law into their own hands. These men with them which reserved three tracts of their became the devastating marksmen of the possessions for use by the United States. A Revolution and were also available when few days later, a similar treaty was concluded Pickens was granted permission to lead a with the Chickasaws. The agreements, titled campaign against marauding Indians on the the Hopewell treaties, were forwarded at once South Carolina and Georgia frontiers. Falling to congress. upon a number of Indian towns in surprise Pickens, meanwhile, had been elected a attacks, his men were able to kill their war­ representative to the South Carolina legisla­ riors and destroy their supplies. The Indians ture, where he was named to a committee agreed to hold a peace treaty conference at with Charles C. Pinckney and Pierce Butler to Long Swamp on Oct. 17, 1782, and sent 12 try to settle boundary line differences with chiefs and 200 warriors to negotiate treaty North Carolina. He was appointed to divide terms. A temporary treaty was signed where­ the judicial district into counties and to serve by all lands claimed by the Cherokees south as a judge in the district court. He also served of the Savannah River and east of the Chat­ on a committee to determine a central spot tahoochee were ceded to Georgia. Gen. for a new state capital. Pickens was invited to attend in May the The Indians, despite their many treaties of meeting of Georgia commissioners and Chero­ friendship, continued to give trouble. Creeks kee chiefs, at which time the treaty he had and Cherokees still warred on the settlers. arranged was formally ratified. Pickens, who always maintained close contact Part of the lands in question, however, with his Indian friends, urged peace on the were held jointly by Cherokee and Creek Creek leader McGillivray, and also invited the Indians, and many of the Creeks denounced Cherokees to a conference at Hopewell. At the treaty. Together with some discontented the same time, he arranged for additional Cherokees, they began a harrowing border troops to be sent to the Up Country. The warfare. A half-breed Creek chief named obdurate McGillivray refused to negotiate Alexander McGillivray was a relentless foe of until the Georgians had been removed from land cession to the Americans. Congress, on the Oconee River lands claimed by the March 21, 1785, appointed Pickens to a com­ Creeks. Despite assurances from Pickens of mission to deal with the Southern Indians. steadfast friendship, raids and murders by The Creeks proved recalcitrant, but other Indians and renegade whites continued. Con­ tribes agreed to come to a meeting at the site gress appointed a new set of commissioners, overlooking the bluffs of the Keowee River, retaining only Pickens. When they were once where Pickens was building a new home. The again rebuffed by the Creeks, another group Cherokees, 900 strong at times, were (Continued on page 66)

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CHARGE TO MY A CCOUNT AT PALMETTO SQUARE ______SPIRACY. Nizer ... $10.00 G41-B RI DAL CAKE KNIFE. S.C. RE SIDENCE MUST ADD 4% SALES TAX ______POSTAGE & HANDLING (PLEASE ADD .50 FOR 1ST ITEM ______I 68 HOUR OF GOLD, HOUR This handsome and useful knife is .25 FOR EACH ADDITIONAL ITEM) I OF LEAD. made with a Sheffield silver plate TOTAL______I Lindbergh ...... $ 7 .95 blade and pearlized handle. It is NAME I 78 ALL CREATURES tied with a white satin bow with a STREET OR BO I GREAT AND SMALL sprig of Lily of the Valley. Nicely CITY TATE IP I Herriot ...... $ 7.95 boxed. Length 12 5/8. Price $6. L------~ a different drummer, and the reader suspects that Fletcher's father, Charlie, is that drummer. In trying to explain why he allowed himself A FARAWAY DRUMMER. By serves a prison sentence, his brother to be convicted of a crime which Robert O'Neil Bristow. Crown Pub­ Ronnie feebly attempts to forget or his brother committed, Fletcher lishers. $6.95. at least to avoid the fact that he, says to his wife, "I think more than not his brother, is responsible for anything it was something Charlie Robert O'Neil Bristow focuses A the death of his mistress. It is in the taught me. Do it your way, he said. Faraway Drummer upon the lives contrast between Ronnie's growing Take your lumps and get up and go of two brothers, one who is, at least realization of his imprisonment by on, but be able to live with your­ on the surface, the ne'er-do-well guilt and Fletcher's spiritual free­ self." And perhaps therein lies local lush of Yorksboro, South dom despite his physical incarcera­ Fletcher's particular brand of nobil­ Carolina, and the other, a promin­ tion that the essence of Bristow's ity, his capacity to act in a manner ent and much-respected realtor of novel gradually reveals itself to the which allows him to live with him­ the same town. As the plot gradu­ reader. A Faraway Drummer thus self. ally unfolds, however, Fletcher seems almost a modern illustration Bristow handles all of the charac­ Tippey, the drunken, sometimes of Richard Lovelace's now trite, ters in A Faraway Drummer with journalist, manages to transcend the but nonetheless profoundly truth­ great skill, but his portrayal of superficial lowliness of his life and ful, statement about the failure of Fletcher deserves particular notice. achieves what might be termed a stone walls to make prisons. The Through lengthy but intense scenes kind of nobility-"a kind of nobil­ allusion to the writings of Henry of introspection, the reader's im­ ity" because that quality in the David Thoreau in the novel's title pression of Fletcher gradually style of Antigone and Lear seems perhaps best pinpoints the source evolves from initial disgust to final such a rare possibility in the mod­ of Fletcher's ability to remain spir­ respect. And Bristow's creation of ern world. itually free within the confines of Ronnie as the successful business­ While Fletcher allows himself to the York County Prison. Fletcher man despite his basic spinelessness be convicted of manslaughter and does indeed march to the sound of and emotional numbness not only reinforces the author's portrait of Fletcher but ranks in its own right as a penetrating characterization. And very importantly, the strong Mildred, Dorothy and plot line of A Faraway Drummer Tweetsie Entertain In The ably sustains the weight of the Same Neighborhood author's concentration on charac­ Up in the high country of North Car­ terization, and thus the reader olina three outstanding travel attrac­ never experiences a sense of being tion s are waiting to entertain you. subjected to tedious examinations Mildred the bear and the mile­ high swinging bridge are just of personality. two of the "must see" sights A native of St. Louis, Robert on scenic Grandfather O'Neil Bristow is now writer-in­ Mountain. Dorothy and the residence at Winthrop College. Pre­ other storybook charact­ ers from "Land Of Oz" vious to A Faraway Drummer, he live in a unique theme wrote Time for Glory, which won park on Beech Mountain. the University of Oklahoma award Tweetsie, a full-size steam train, makes trips through for literary excellence, and Night an " Old West" park com- Season, which the Literary Guild plete with outlaws and In­ chose as an alternate selection. JTB dians. And the best part is that all three of these great COLONIAL KITCHENS, THEIR attractions are within a half hour's drive of each other. FURNISHINGS, AND THEIR GARDENS. By Frances Phipps. (Write G.O .T. Promotions, P. 0. Box 264, Linville, N. C. 28646 for de­ Hawthorne Books, Inc. $12.95. scriptive brochure.) At present there is much interest in restoring colonial residences, in­ cluding the garden, an integral part of 17th- and 18th-century home (Continued on page 56)

48 Sand lap per r A WORLD IN SHADOW: THE could never become. Most signifi­ the free black group that added to FREE BLACK IN ANTEBELLUM cantly, however, the free black, its powerlessness and at the same SOUTH CAROLINA. By Marina thriving on the margins of white time encouraged the white society Wikramanayake. Tricentennial society, provided the living lie to to hope that the free black would Studies, No. 7. University of South the myth that slavery was a "posi­ find it in his interests to serve as a Carolina Press. $9.95. tive good," that it civilized the buffer between the slave and white black, protected him from cultural communities. In his recently published book, shock, enabled him to exist in a For all the perils he suffered, the Black Carolinians: A History of white world. free black carved a niche in white Blacks in South Carolina from 1895 The free black existed in an aura society. In the African Methodist to 1968 (University of South Caro­ of other ambivalencies that both Episcopal Church, organized and lina Press, 1973), also a Tricenten­ entrapped and protected him. He run by free blacks, he found an nial Study, I. A. Newby remarks at was free, but how free? Legally, he opportunity to operate independ­ some length upon both the neglect was recognized as a "denizen," ently of white society. and misrepresentation which blacks without political rights. His free­ The interpretations of American in South Carolina have suffered at doms, recognized in 1832 by the history are changing, however slow­ the hands of white historians. There South Carolina courts as being the ly, and the role 0f non-white, non­ are few cases more illustrative of rights of liberty, life and property, Anglo-Saxon peoples in the _making Newby's point than that of the were hedged about with a multi­ of that history is gradually being South Carolina free black. plicity of conditions and governed taken into account. Dr. Wikramana­ Labeled "drones and lazaroni," by the whims and vagaries of the yake's definitive portrait of the free the free blacks actually numbered state legislature. What sort of an black-of his origins, his social insti­ large Jandowners (themselves fre­ identity did he possess? The free tutions, the boundaries with which quently slaveholders), wealthy black was what sociologists call the white society enclosed him, and his merchants, real estate speculators, "marginal man," existing culturally options for a freer life-is a signifi­ artisans and yeoman farmers. in the dominant society, racially in cant contribution to this new Though poor free blacks did follow the "inferior." This split personal­ understanding of the forces that a convenient cycle from almshouse ity produced a lack of unity within really created American history. to workhouse to jailhouse, they drained the state's charitable re­ serves less than did their white and BOOKS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF slave counterparts. SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS Far more remarkable than the fact that whites of their own and later periods chose to ignore or de­ PERSPECTIVES IN SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY: grade them, however, is that free The First 300 Y ears blacks were ever allowed to exist. Edited by ERNEST M. LANDER, JR., and They constituted undoubtedly the ROBERT K. ACKERMAN most dangerous potential threat to slavery. The free black was able to move about at will within the state, WILD FLOWERS IN SOUTH CAROLINA and white slaveholders feared that By WADE T. BATSON he would spread sedition. The finger of accusation was pointed at PAPERBACKS: the free black in the wake of each slave revolt, and the Denmark FOLK SONG IN SOUTH CAROLINA Vesey "conspiracy" (the degree to Tricentennial Booklet Number 9 which it existed is debatable) was By CHARLES W. JOYNER actually engineered by a free black. A SOUTH CAROLINA CHRONOLOGY, 1497-1970 Further, the use of the free black as Tricentennial Booklet Number 11 an example of what the "good" By GEORGE C. ROGERS, JR . CHARLESTON GHOSTS slave might become was a two­ By MARGARET RHETT MARTIN edged sword at best. In the growing inflexibility of the antebellum pe­ riod, as manumissions declined and e UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS eventually legally ceased to exist, • Columbia SC 29208 the free black most assuredly pro­ vided an example of what the slave

June 1973 49 ~ >­ex: ex: UJ (!)

Cl)• z1- UJ 1- UJ ca ::> 1- z

Cl)• I- events All activities to be considered for the Calendar of Events must be sent directly to the Events Editor, Sand­ lapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, no later than 45 days prior to the first of the month in which the activity will occur.

dance You are cordially invited to inspect our selection of quality marine products and motor homes. Each brand was chosen for excellence in its field, JUNE from the Zodiac inflatable craft to the 25-foot Coronet cruiser and including 4 Winnebago and Executive recreational vehicles. We have covered the CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditori­ United States and overseas countries to find these products for the leisure um-Tapio School of Dance Recital. time of South Carolinians. Write or stop by our facilities in Mount Pleasant. We think you will agree that our array is unequaled in the Southeast. You deserve the qua I ity we stand for. music

JUNE 24-27 GREENVILLE and SPARTANBURG­ [TIMEOUT, INll.] Southeastern Convention of the HWY. 17 BYPASS (GEORGETOWN HWY.) American Guild of Organists. P. 0. BOX 767 803-884-2257 MT. PLEASANT, S. C. 29464 theatre

JUNE 1-2 CHARLESTON-Dock Street Theatre­ "Witness for the Prosecution." 4-9 ABBEVILLE-The Opera House-"The Last Hour." 23-August 11 MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center­ University of South Carolina Summer Theatre, "Show Boat."

art

Through June 10 CHARLESTON-Citadel Museum-Art Exhibit, Contemporary Photographs from Sweden. Through June 11 EDGEFIELD-State Art Exhibit. Through June 27 CHARLESTON-Citadel Museum-Art Exhibit: "History of Paper Making." 4r 90(/ P~hm Through June 30 CLEMSON-Clemson University-"Archi­ vv NOW THE NATION'S LARGEST 8-i-f+ eove tectural Thesis Exhibition 1972." AND A TRULY UNIQUE GIFT JUNE OCEAN BLVD. & BOARDWALK SHOP. OVER 50,000 DIFFERENT 1-3 AT 10TH AVE. NORTH ITEMS ON 3 FLOORS/NINE DIF­ CHARLESTON-Coastal Carolina Fair MYRTLE BEACH, S. CAROLINA FERENT LEVELS-A MUST SEE ON Grounds-Serendipity Spring Fling YOUR VACATION. Arts and Crafts Show.

June 1973 51 1-27 SP ARTANBURG-Conv erse College-The South Carolina Association of Schools of Art Faculty Art Show. 1-29 GREENVILLE-Greenville County Muse­ um of Art-14th Annual Springs Traveling Art Show. 3-24 MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center- 14th Annual Springs Traveling Art Show. 3-30 18 CHAMPIONSHIP HOLES 4 LAYKOLD TENNIS COURTS MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center­ Alex Powers, Art Exhibit. 18 ADDITIONAL HOLES 9-10 NOW UNDER CONSTRUCTION MYRTLE BEACH-Chapin Park-Art in the Park. OPEN TO GUESTS OF INDIVIDUAL 24-30 & COMMERCIAL MEMBERS HILTON HEAD ISLAND-The Red Piano Art Gallery-Elizabeth Grant Exhibit. JULY 14-15 PHONE MYRTLE BEACH-Chapin Park-Art in 449-5134 the Park. 449-3121 miscellaneous

Through June 1 7 SANTEE-Santee-Cooper Lakes-Ninth Annual World's Championship Land­ locked Striped Bass Fishing Derby. Through October 31 CHARLESTON-Seventh Annual Charles­ ton Trident Fishing Tournament. Through November 30 b t}\4arlna molla MYRTLE BEACH-20th Annual Grand Strand Fishing Rodeo. Brown Jordon Molla Scroll Keller Casual Brandt Redwood Pawleys Island Rope Hammocks Landis Finkel Umbrellas Atlanta Stove Works Christen Torches Bar-B-Oues Electric Gas Charcoal Patio Supplies Wall Tube Marina is designed in the spirit of sunlight and pure Pool Supplies pleasure. It is light in appearance and weight, made of Alumaloy and won't rust ever! Colorful vinyl straps Lyon Shaw Wrought Iron individually suspended with patented clips provide comfort without cushions. You may choose from a wide se lection of strap colors and finishes to fit your needs. In addition to the pieces shown here, there arc many others including a new hostess cart and stacking chairs. Largest Selection of Fine Casual Furniture in the Carolinas

Florence. S.C. Columbia, S. C. 662-8733 253-4057

52 Sand lap per e s

TIIEI\Ef)S TOO MUCII SOUTII C41\0LIN4 FOB TEN ISSUES OF S4NDL4PPEI\ ~ ~ ~ ---so we're increasing to twelve a year. And because we especially want you to share all of South Carolina with us, you may subscribe for twelve issues of Sandlapper at the rate of $9 a year. But after August 31, the yearly rate will increase to $12. Even though you have until August 31 to renew at the old rate, why not use the subscription envelope in this magazine to renew your subscription before it slips your mind?

SANDLAPPER---a big magazine for a big state! JUNE 1-3 SANTEE-Wings and Wheels-Experimen­ tal Antique Aircraft Association Fly­ In. 2-September 2 COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum-"Man on Mars" Planetarium Show. 3 CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Land­ ing-Jefferson Davis' Birthday Cele­ bration. EUTAWVILLE-Rocks Pond Camp­ ground-Swamp Fox Boat Club and Rescue Squad Annual Water Sport Show. PORT AND STARBOARD WATCH 4-9 Limited Signed and Numbered ,::,.~._,._._...,a ABBE VILLE-Public Square-Festival Edition 1500 Time in Abbeville. Size 34%" x 17%" 6-10 $30.00 MYRTLE BEACH-22nd Sun Fun Festi­ val.

\ 9 TRENTON-Trenton Peach Festival. CfflLUJgrore <2/Jlil! 15-September 1 NORTH MYRTLE BEACH-Camp Pla­ e/lnuj;ll£{J_, :J?-rmlA Mor-21st Annual Basketball, Foot­ ball, Majorette and Cheerleader School. 393 cgCMt ~t.JotiJL2)Tfet-t 16-17 CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Land­ c)pi1hnbut'CJ-,~0U.€ orclin.n,, 2930Z ing-Third Annual Antique Bottle 803 552 8820 Show and Sale. 20-29 CHESTER-Chester Airport-Fourth National Standard Class Soaring Here's some inflation you'll like ... Championship. 21-24 THE GREENVILLE-Memorial Auditorium­ Greenville Gem and Mineral Show. NATIONAL 23 EUTAWVILLE-Rocks Pond Camp­ CAR RENTAL ground-Derby Awards Night Festival. 24 CHARLESTON-Middleton Place-Ar­ 26 HOUR DAY thur Middleton Birthday Celebration. 29-30 IN MYRTLE BEACH AND CHARLESTON ... VARNVILLE-Hampton County Water­ vve give you two extra hours of the most precious melon Festival. thing in the world-TIME! When you rent a car from 30-July 1 BEAUFORT-Sea Island Sailing Regatta. us, you're allowed two extra hours on the day you JULY check in. So avoid the check-in rush by reserving 1-4 your next car from the Time Stretchers. That's LANDRUM-"Honor America Days." us ... the same ones who give you S&H Green 4 Stamps with every rental. GILBERT-Lexington County Peach Fes­ tival. COLUMBIA-Grand Opening of Colum­ bia Zoological Park. MOUNTAIN REST-Mountain Rest Hill­ billy Day. CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing Expo Park-South Carolina 4th of July Celebration. GEORGETOWN-Holiday Fireworks Dis­ We feature General Motors cars play. MYRTLE BEACH CHARLESTON 4-5 2300 N. KINGS HWY. MUNICIPAL AIRPORT CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Land­ 448-2243 744-4278 ing-Antique Show and Sale.

54 Sand lapper 4-7 GREENVILLE-Memorial Auditorium­ Miss South Carolina Pageant. 7 CAMDEN-State Championship Bicycle William Key Road Race. 13-14 Interiors enthusiastically PAGELAND-Pageland Watermelon Fes­ tival. announces the 13-15 COLUMBIA-Carolina Coliseum-Hobby purchase of a Show. 15 magnificent collection SANTEE-Wings and Wheels-Children's Day-1973. of antique porcelains from tours China and Japan. JULY 1 Mint condition BETHUNE-Lynches River Historical Tour. and museum quality ...

vases, bowls, and plates. h orse shows

JUNE WILLIAM KEY INTERIORS 2 Period Antiques and Fine Reproductions ABBEVILLE-Shrine Club Park-Abbe­ 909 E. Washington Street ville County Shrine Club Horse Show. Greenville, South Carolina 29601 JULY ~ 10:00 A.M. to 5:30 P.M. Weekdays 14 (803) 233-44 79 (803) 233-4469 NEWBERRY-Shrine Club Horse Show.

An Index To Sandlapper Magazine

1968-1972 A five-year cumulative index compiled and edited by the Sandlapper Committee Junior l\1ember Round Table South Carolina Library Association

$2.50

As a bonus to those who buy this convenient index, we are making a special offer of any available pre-1973 issues for only 60 cents each. Use the order form in this magazine to reserve your copy of the index.

June 1973 55 (Continued from page 48) life. This volume is a boon to those interested in undertaking such a your project. beach home In furnishing and decorating peri­ . od homes, the kitchen has usually 1n been the room to suffer most, in terms of both finances and re­ search. Too often the kitchen has MYRTLE BEACH been furnished with whatever hap­ pened to be donated, with little SOUTH CAROLINA concern about the authenticity of the furniture and implements. at Colonial Kitchens contains three glossaries which point out not only the common utensils of the 17th and 18th centuries but typical foods and beverages as well. Sep­ arate chapters are devoted to these subjects as well as to curatives, flowers, fireplaces, the evolution of the kitchen, herbs, dyes, etc. (Some condominium readers will question the necessity residences of the two chapters on the settling of Plymouth and "James's City.") from $39,500 More than 300 black and white illustrations, plus eight in full color, depict authentic kitchen restora­ tions and their implements. The main focus of the book is on the New England kitchen, but there are numerous references to Mary­ land, Virginia and Carolina sites. Carolinians will be disappointed in the index, however, for there are no citations for Carolina towns and locations. Strangely enough, Vir­ ginia is well indexed. If those persons responsible for restoring colonial kitchens will seek p.o. box 2101 4301 n. kings highway advice offered in researched publi­ Oil<:~ cations such as Colonial Kitchens, myrtle beach, south carolina 29577 D::YELOPM:.Nr rather than upon hearsay and the "impeccable taste" of local "histo­ rians," we can expect to see an If you, your daughter, granddaughter, niece or any increase in colonial kitchens which friends of yours would like to learn to truly represent the period. The author, who lives in a mid- MODEL 18th-century farmhouse "that re­ We have the most complete course in photographic ceives intermittent restoration," is a modeling, including the most features ( printed text, consultant to museums, historic classroom instruction, practical experience studio houses, and library associations, sessions, and photographs ) at the most ,.~.',,.> and has written a weekly antiques reasonable rates available. ~ "- .9.~ * column for more than 10 years. For more information call or write: ~ ' *rJ:; The foreword is by Arthur W. Lei­ P.O. Box 921 ~ ~ bundgu th, director of the Anti­ Cayce, South Carolina 29033 1fF;S'S~ quarian and Landmarks Society, PHONE 803 - 796 - 8465 Inc.DLR

56 Sand lap per june weather t.'-- -.>..)..). - Prepared by H. Landers, N.0.A.A. Nati onal Weather Service Climatolog ist fo r South Caro li na ~if s~~ ~-.I i.;~ ...... ~ .,.,._q.1(!-

June rainfall amounts are higher than in May. Between 4 and 5 inches fall in the coastal plain and in the mountains, about 4 inches in the sandhills and from 3 to 4 inches in the Piedmont. Seven or eight days of the month have one-tenth inch or more of rain. Most of the rain is of a showery nature as the summer rainfall begins. Record rainfall for June was the 1 7 inches that fell at Yemassee in 1941. Ameeting

Maximum temperatures are in the high 80s by June 1 and increase to 90 by the end of the month. Minimum temperatures advance from the low 60s to the high 60s as the month progresses. Occasionally a maximum temperature of 100 degrees may occur or a minimum below 50 degrees. Highest June temperature was 111 degrees at Camden hotel where on the 28th in 1954; the lowest was 38 degrees at Chester on June 2, 1966. the skyS PRECIPITATION

Probability of Receiving At Least the Amount of Greatest on Location Rain Shown the limit. Record The Sheraton-Columbia is ( inches) everything you want in a (25%) (75%) 1 chance 3 chances convention hotel. Spacious in 4 in 4 meeting rooms and facilities for whatever size meeting, Aiken 4 .23 2.39 10.79 banquet or party you plan. Beaufort 5.84 2.56 16.26 Camden 5.40 3.05 13.94 Charleston 6.84 3.45 16.07 For information call or Cheraw 5.63 3.09 11.68 write our Manager, Wesle y Chester 4.43 1.58 13.52 Graves. Let Sheraton-Co­ Clemson 5.09 2.34 14.29 lumbia make it happen for Columbia 4.67 1.95 9 .94 Conway 7.38 3.49 15.27 you! Georgetown 6.83 2.80 13.98 GOURMET DINING IN THE Greenwood 4.95 1.87 10.48 Kingstree 5.59 2.74 11.72 Orangeburg 5.27 2.89 12.84 ~inB Spartanburg 5.71 2.11 9.41 ~ illiam TEMPERATURE

June 1 June 30 ~ oom Max. Min. Max. Min. Highest Lowest Superb food and excellent service in on elegant atmosphere. Aiken 87 64 90 69 108 44 Beaufort 86 66 89 71 105 52 RESERVATI ONS 779-4900 Camden 87 61 91 67 111 44 r, Charleston 86 65 89 71 103 51 tS) Cheraw 87 61 91 67 106 41 ~ Chester 86 60 90 66 105 38 Clemson 86 60 88 66 105 42 Sheraton Columbia 88 64 92 69 104 52 Conway 87 64 91 69 106 45 Columbia Georgetown 85 66 89 71 104 56 Greenwood 86 62 90 67 105 42 Hotel &Motor Inn Kingstree 88 64 91 69 106 44 Assembly Street at Devine Orangeburg 88 64 91 69 105 47 Across from the Carolina Coliseum Spartanburg 85 59 89 65 105 39

June 1973 57 The wave of the future: Would you believe the middle-aged? by Dan Rottenberg "A great many people, especially the Dodgers: " Durocher at short, Cookie and sixty-five make up only one-fifth better educated, take it for granted Lavagetto at third-God, that was of the nation's population, yet they that today's· youth culture' is the wave something. That was really some­ constitute a ruling class. President of the future," wrote management thing. " When his wife asks why he Nixon is sixty; Vice President Agnew is consultant Peter Drucker less than two stopped going to ball games, Harry fifty-four; the average age of US yea rs ago. " To me it seems far more replies," They play, but they don't play senators is fifty-seven, of congressmen probable that during the seventies this on dirt any more. The play on plastic. " fifty. country will return to a preoccupation It is plain from references like these These are people worth exploring with the traditional economic that Save the Tiger has written off the and understanding, for the decisions worries. youth market. But it goes beyond that. they make have a profound effect on When you're a film critic who is The film reflects a conscious beliet that the way the remaining four-fifths of exposed several times a week to the years when the middle-aged grew the population lives. Even the youth pandering proclamations about the up were rich and full, whereas the revolution itself has been financed immortality of the youth revolution, present is morally bankrupt. At one largely by middle-aged entrepreneurs, it's hard to take that kind of prediction point Harry and a flower child of if not by indulgent middle-aged seriously. But not long ago I saw a twenty toss names at each other across parents; one observer has called it movie which suggests Professor the generation gap. (He: " Fiorello " the opposite of commercialized Drucker may have known what he was LaGuardia ! " She: " Mick Jagger! " vice-it might be called commercial­ talking about. Save the Tiger is the first And so on.) After perhaps a dozen ized innocence." film since the dawn of the youth exchanges, the girl runs out of names. An integral part of this package has movement to pander to the middle­ " You're stuck?" Harry asks in­ been the standard Hollywood concep­ aged. credulously." How the hell can you be tion of middle-aged business people as Hoo boy, does it pander. Its hero, stuck?" And then he rattles off a dozen (1) cold, impersonal automatons ef­ Harry Stoner (Jack Lemmon), is a Los more. What better proof of a fortlessly raking in mountains of Angeles dress manufacturer. He lives generation's superiority? money, and (2) people who are in a big, expensive ranch house in If this sounds a little silly, it is no less irrelevant to the vital concerns of Beverly Hills, drives a Lincoln Con­ silly than the nonsense the film in­ society. Both notions are false, if not tinental, and sends his daughter to dustry has produced in the past decade dangerous, and Save the Tiger at least school in Switzerland. It costs him, he while pursuing youthful audiences. A deserves credit for capturing some says, $200 a day just to get out of bed. film that panders is regrettable sense of the complex pressures any But beneath his company's regardless of the object of the business person is subjected to in the promising new line and Harry's expen­ pandering, but if there's any age group course of a working day. sive silk suit is a man who is trapped that is worth making more movies As soon as Harry Stoner arrives at and unhappy in the present and yearns about, it is the middle-aged, who are his dress factory he is bombarded by all for the past. In his spare moments easily the most interesting and in­ sorts of pressures. He walks in, for Harry reminisces about Johnny Vander fluential generation in this country. example, on what we gather is another Meer's windup or the old Brooklyn People between the ages of forty in a continuing series of fights between

(NOTE: The bold face lerrer following each film i, beautiful exploration of the universal human need for the classification given to the film by the motion pic­ feeling and communication with other people. The ture industry. These ratings don't alwar make \Pn,f', setting is a huge 19th century country mansion whose and some theatre owners ignore them. but they c/o A selective dark, cold rooms and ha llways, like the lives of its oc­ give a vague idea of a film's ;uaability for chilclrPn. G cupants, are rarely touched by moments of warmth. denotes open ro all ages; GP , open ro all bur parl'nta/ Bergman suggests we should appreciate w hatever discretion is advised; R tho~e under 17 mu,t be ~1c­ guide to movies such moments pass our way. Well worth seeing more companied by an adulr; X, no one admitted under age than once. With Liv Ullmann, Ingrid Thulin, Harriet 17.-D.R.) Andersson, Kari Sylwan. In Swedish with English sub­ titles. R BLACK GUNN - There's one good minute in this is run by the same o ld Hollywood medieval melange film when Martin Landau, as a hoodlum used-car of idiot bishops and nobles who say things like," I may THE EFFECT OF GAMMA RAYS ON MAN-IN-THE­ dealer, does a TV commercial stressing his sincerity. curse the war for having given you this fever, but for MOON MARIGOLDS - Paul Newman's heavy direc­ The rest follows the currently overdone format of business it was a blessing." Francis' so lution is to torial hand st ifles what life there is in this film about a good blacks vs. white hoods, with multiracial cops declare, ·· 11 the purpose of life is this loveless toil we beaten woman and her two school-age daughters pussyfooting in between. Jim Brown stars; Robert fill our days with, then it's not for me. " All very nice, who are anxious to avoid her fate. Hackneyed scenes Hartford David directed. R but it begs the basic question-then as now-of how abound, and even Joanne Woodward's bravura performance is one we've seen many times before. BOOK OF NUMBERS - Two blacks make it big as people should earn their daily bread. With Graham Faulkner. PG With Roberta Wallach, Nell Potts (Woodward's numbers bankers in Arkansas, 1930s. The smooth daughter); from Paul Zindel's play. PG hand of director-star Raymond St. Jacques and the CLASS OF '44 - A reunion of the Summer of '42 rich blend of period detail help you overlook the crowd, now out of high school and off to full-time FIVE FINGERS OF DEATH - 95 minutes of judo absence of any real story. But not for long. With Philip work in the nostalgia business. When t he film ends, and karate fighting, made in Hong Kong, with only the Thomas. R you're still waiting for it to begin. With Gary Grimes, slightest attempt to explain all the violence. It makes Jerry Houser; Paul Bogart directed. PG you wonder how our action films look tot he Chinese. BROTHER SUN, SISTER MOON - Franco Zef­ Atrociously dubbed. Cheng Chang Ho directed. R firelli's beautiful, lyrical tribute to Saint Francis of CRIES AND WHISPERS - Ingmar Bergman's film Assisi is a delight to the eye and ear but something of a about two sisters and a servant woman maintaining a LADY CAROLINE LAMB - Merrie olde sca n­ disappointment to the mind. His 13th century society death watch for a third sister is an exquisite and dalized England, ci rca 1812: Every time you turn

58 Sand lap per his hotshot young designer and his failure to address itself to that central figures provide great comfort for war reliable old pattern-cutter. point makes the rest of its attempted babies like myself. Most people worry The two antagonists are talented realism meaningless. But there's no that as they get older, the world will people; Harry needs them both. But denying Save the Tiger sees the world pass them by. But if Professor they can't stand each other. Harry's from a very different perspective than, Drucker's thesis is correct, the problem-how to get the two to work say, The Graduate. concerns of the United States in the together for the mutual good of all-is When Drucker predicted the coming years will be basically the a classic problem faced every day by decline of the youth culture he did so concerns of people who were born in business people everywhere. For that on the basis of population statis­ the 1940s and early 1950s. In the sixties matter, it is a problem faced by ad­ tics-which, as he pointed out, are the those concerns were peace, freedom, ministrators of all kinds, by anybody only things we can be sure about when love, rock music, flower power, and who has a task to accomplish. But we discuss the future. In 1960 the the general notion that youth is because it is a problem that cannot be thirty-five-to-forty age group beautiful. In the seventies they may be resolved by shooting someone, it is represented the largest segment of the more pedestrian items like jobs, rarely explored in the movies. U.S. population. Thanks to the baby schools, cars, and day care facilities. A few minutes later we find Harry boom of the 1940s, by 1964 seventeen­ And if birth rates remain at their back in his office, arguing with his year-olds had become the largest current low levels, around the year partner about the company's fiscal single age group in the country, and 2010 we may see a sudden groundswell crisis. The creditors are closing in and they maintained that leadership until of public interest in the care of the sources of new financing have dried 1971. But the baby boom crested in elderly, no doubt accompanied by a up. Bankruptcy is out of the question 1953, leveled off in the following six demand for elderly movies and because that would subject the com­ years, and has dropped sharply since elderly movie stars. pany to an audit, which would reveal then. What this means is that the This may sound like a strange way that Harry and his partner juggled the nation's largest age group in the to discuss future trends in cinema, but books last year, which would land both coming years will not be seventeen­ it 's strange only if you cling to the of them in jail. Harry decides that the year-olds, but people who were notion that film is an artistic medium. only solution is to burn down one of seventeen during the 1960s and have Most moviemakers are business his factories and collect the insurance now grown older. people whose primary concern is to money. When his partner argues The fact that the dominant find and follow the biggest audiences against it, Harry says, "You haven't population group is growing up means with the most money. Nor are films been out on that street for thirty-eight that the country's concerns and unique in this respect: An allegedly years. Want to start looking for a job? cultural tastes are likely to adjust ac­ professional field like journalism Well, neither do I. " cordingly. The current revival of 1950s­ provides far more news about white That approach-of the fellow who style rock ' n' roll is not just ordinary middle-class concerns than about poor sticks at what he's doing because he nostalgia; it's the nostalgia of war black neighborhoods because the has no other choice-is distinctly mid­ babies who were teenagers in the fif­ whites have the money to buy the dle-aged, and again, it is one we have ties and have now become the major clothes, furniture, and appliances that seen little of in recent movies. To the force in the economy. There isn't newspaper advertisers are trying to young, finding a new job is no big deal; much of a market for twenties nos­ sell. The same logic explains why, until to the middle-aged, it's everything. talgia any more because the number of about a year ago, so much artistic and To be sure, Save the Tiger is dead people who remember the twenties is cinematic effort was devoted to wrong when it suggests Harry has no tiny by comparison. In the next fifteen stereophonic rock concerts and so lit­ choice but to go crooked. He doesn't years, Drucker predicts, it will be not tle was expended on, say, the operas of have to maintain his $200-a-day life­ seventeen-year-olds but those in the Monteverdi. It's also the reason we style, which forced him to juggle his twenty-one-to-thirty-five age group have probably seen the last of the rock books, which in turn forces him to who will dominate American society. movies and, perhaps, the first in a long burn down the factory. The movie's Incidentally, these population line of Save the Ti gers.

around, there's a grand ball at which some high places-robs the film of its relevance, which was the designer who creates a deluxe camper-trailer capable society type is gasping over Lady Lamb's affair with major appeal of the story in the first place. With Peter of doing just about everything but making its way Lord Byron. It's fun at first but tiresome after a while, Finch, Sally Kellerman, Liv Ullmann, Michael York, through traffic to the auto show where it is to be and Sara h Miles isn't a very sympathetic heroine. Jon many others; Charles Jarratt directed. G exhibited. Tati's low-key style is admirably present Finch is her husband, Ri chard Chamberlain is Byron; throughout, but sometimes it gets so low-key that Robert Bold directed. PG THE MACK - A black ex-con dreams of becoming scenes are pointless and not at all funny. G THE LONG GOODBYE - It takes a long time for the king of pimps, achieves his goal in about five TWO ENGLISH GIRLS - Francois Truffaut's Elliott Gould to fit the pieces of seve ral disconnected seconds, and if you can discern any story in the beautiful, sensitive evocation of a young Frenchman's Southern Cal ifornia cases together; the characters are remaining two hours you can have my job. With Max involvement with two English sisters in early 20th cen­ superficia l and Gould's private eye is too laconic to Julien; Michael Campus directed. R tury Paris and Wales. The sisters' devotion and the make his violent last act credible. But Robert Altman's bleakness of their old stone home exude the flavor of film is punctuated with nice insights into human Jane Eyre, even as their suitor (Jean-Pierre Leaud) relationships, and when Gould finally figures out LA SALAMANDRE - An intelligent film, set in tastes the cha nging values of the outside world, and what's going on there is great intellectual satisfaction, Geneva, about two writers who seek to use a you ng the film is perhaps the best work on the physiologi­ as well as a lesson about the dangers of jumping to woman's experiences as the basis of a TV play. One cal effects of guilt since The Scarlet Leller. The story conclusions. With Nina Van Pallandt; from Ra ymond seeks her story in traditional journalistic fashion, the stretches over 22 years and many of its twits would be Chandler's novel. R other relies entirely on his imagination of what the girl and her life are like. But inevitably their lives are ludicrous in the hands of another director; the proof LOST HORIZON - Lots of frosting, not much caught up with the girl's and they become a part of her of this pudding is that it sticks to your ribs long after you've left the theatre. Kika Markham and Stacey cake. Producer Ross Hunter has added songs (by Burt story themselves. The film is too long and its theme Bacharach and Hal David), dances, big names, and isn't especially original, but it's provocative and well Tendeter are the sisters. In French, with English sub­ titles. R big-screen color to the 1937 film based on James handled. With Jean-Luc Bideau, Jacques Denis, and Hilton's novel. But the image of Shangri-La as a racist, Bulle Ogier; Alain Tanner directed. In French with English subtitles. PG WALKING TALL- Director Phil Karlson serves up sexist place where Asians work while Europeans sit heaping doses of outrage in this straightforward, around playing cards isn't as appealing as it was 36 better-than-average grade-B film about one man's years ago. Hunter's dogged insistence on presenting TRAFFIC - Jacques Tati's answer to Modern battle to clean up a corrupt county in rural Tennessee. that kind of Shangri-La anyway-a Utopia that may be Times. The French humorist wrote, directed and stars Based on the career of Sheriff Buford Pusser. With Joe less ideal for many people than some real in this pleasant little number about a Paris auto Don Baker. R

June 1973 59 Sout

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June 1973 61 The Tomb of Raven McCloud

By Archibald Rutledge

hen I was not more than seven hung live oaks, the towering yellow green, hushed, dewy in the hale years old, a thing happened pines, the dreamy waters of the fragrance of the wilderness. Bearing Wthat few people ever perfectly coastal country between Wilming­ westward, you will be at a road that understood. As I was a child perni­ ton, North Carolina, and Charles­ winds between ranks of great ciously inquisitive, I got the story ton, South Carolina, the strange yellow pines-a road bedded with from old Isaac McCoy, an ancient spell of that lonely land begins to pine straw that, for the most part, Negro friend of mine who rarely, I take hold of you-if anything can. lies high and level but now and then believe, confided in anyone else. And when you drive slowly over dips into the aromatic gloom of a What he did not tell me I got from the great three-mile bridge spanning watery glade. On either hand, as far others, a few details from my the mighty delta of the Santee, a as the eye can see, the forest with­ father. Here is the story, illustrating bridge over a shimmering wilderness draws in dim fabulous aisles; and rather well, I think, the principle of greenery starred with aquatic beside the pineland road, as in the that, even amid idyllic surround­ wild flowers, you come to the local­ long savannahs that mistily retire ings, there can be grim and dra­ ity where old Isaac McCoy and from it, are the vivid green of matic happenings. Dandy Davis had a memorable flytraps, the late daisies, stargrass, encounter. the snowy orchids, wild asters and From the moment you quit the tawny goldenrod. main artery of traffic to Florida, Soon you come to the King's When you pass out of the peach with its ceaseless roar, its general Highway. Turn southward on this and tobacco country of North odor of whiskey, gasoline and oil, ancient road connecting George­ Carolina and come to the moss- its trumpery of flaring signs, all is town and Charleston-the road

62 Sand lap per - Illustration by Nance Studios traveled by Washington, Lafayette, church-ostensibly to keep the yard and half buried on its side in the Lord Rawdon, Tarleton and clean; but most of the time he ground. A careful observer will Marion. In a little while you come spent musing on the old days, when notice a hole in its side flush with to the quaint and beautiful St. regular services had been held there, the ground, an aperture large James, Santee, parish church, built and when he had been the sexton enough to admit the body of a in 1760 of English brick and native or, as the plantation Negroes said, small man. He may further notice black cypress. The aura of beauty "the section." His sole duty now at how little wildwood shrubs and and ancient peace envelops the the deserted shrine was to keep its streamers of ivy grow out of the structure, located miles from enclosure from looking too much chinks between the bricks, almost human habitation, save only the like the surrounding wilderness. covering with a green mantle the little shack a half mile down the Only once a year, on Palm Sunday, sacred place. And if he reads the road where old Isaac McCoy lived. did the far-scattered parishioners lichened inscription on the marble About the church is an enclosed gather for worship. The rest of the slab that covers the top of the yard of some two acres, forever year this wayside church, built grave, he will discover that within being encroached upon by the fe­ before our nation came into being, this vault lie the remains of one cund growths of the wilderness. slept placidly in the lonely pine­ Raven McCloud, "who was Isaac worked among the tombs lands. drowned at Murphy's Island, at the of St. James churchyard. Once or Visitors to the church are sure to mouth of the South Santee River, twice a week this old Negro walked be attracted by one of the molder­ in the great gale of 1822." the half mile from his staggering ing tombs, a huge affair of English For reasons he kept to himself, cabin among the pines to the brick, shaped like a vast hogshead old Isaac would never let a vistor to

June 1973 63 the church go near the McCloud would have seen a living Thing steal into the area. It was not only a tomb. If asked his reason he would from the McCloud tomb-a thing of general moral way in which Isaac merely shake his head and look sinister beauty and primeval might. disliked Dandy; he had a premoni­ inscrutably into the forest. Nor And if you had asked Isaac about it tion that this suave city man might could the visitor fail to feel about he would have told you that a have designs on the money en­ this old pinewoods Negro some­ moldering tomb made the most trusted to his care. In the little thing as unfathomable as the still­ attractive home in all the world for battered tin box hidden behind one ness, the air of eternal spiritual this formidable chimera. of the big beams in the loft of his autumn over the church and its Dandy Davis, a yellow weasel of cabin, Isaac had the savings of 41 dead. a man, had drifted into the Santee families-money that would in time Old Isaac alone knew that a country out of the region near afford all those who had con­ Thing lived in the dark and haunted Florence and Lake City-a modern tributed to the fund a decent depths of the tomb of Raven and civilized area compared to the burial. Next Sunday the quarterly McCloud-a Thing incredibly beau­ Santee, and therefore, Isaac payments would be made, and Isaac tiful, graceful, terrible and deadly. thought, one calculated to produce would have more responsibility on Isaac never mentioned this presence men of Dandy's type: furtive, sly him than ever. All the while, the to anyone; and he never molested and treacherous. A high mulatto, he conviction was growing on him that it, knowing it to be an old resident could read and write, was a flashy Dandy was taking a sinister interest indigenous to the churchyard and, dresser, had five times served terms in his cashbox. How to meet this to his dim mind, somehow related on the chain gang, had killed a man crisis he did not know. to the fearful enigma of the grave in a brawl over a crap game, would Isaac finally came to two deci­ and to his own solemn guardianship try to steal anything he wanted, sions: He would no longer keep the of the church. and had had at least six wives. He money in his house and he would One day a visitor out of the busy had a great way with women, espe­ begin carrying a hickory club for world, struck by the dreamy quie­ cially plantation women, who defense. He believed that the tude of the church, smilingly asked sensed in Dandy a breath of the churchyard would be a far better Isaac, "I guess nothing ever happens great world of glamour, society, and safer place to hide the cashbox here, does it?" fashion and high romance. It was until Dandy left the country, for he Isaac had been trained in a even rumored that he had been as was sure that Dandy's bubble school that had taught him to agree far north as Richmond. To those would soon burst. with everything a visitor might say. who admired him for his travels, On the edge of Wildcat Branch It was the safe thing to do through Dandy did not supply the detail Isaac cut from a hickory a club of life. that while in Richmond he had imposing proportions, a gnarled "No, suh," Isaac answered. spent his time in a public building root for the handle. Thus armed, he "Nothin' doan ever happen here." at the expense of the state of Vir­ set out for the little church the But Isaac did not smile as the ginia. Isaac mistrusted and hated night the collections were to be visitor drove away. At the moment him as he mistrusted all things made. Alone he walked through the he was faced with the problem of modern and hated all people of moonlight, his precious box tucked Dandy Davis, possibly the worst Dandy's kind, and he knew that under his arm. Every few hundred Negro the Santee country had ever this flamboyant visitor was cor­ yards he would pause to scrutinize known. Just what to do about rupting the manners and morals of the dreaming forest and the wide Dandy and his wickedness kept the people of his own Johnson Hill sandy road. He arrived at the Isaac's mind in a turmoil. He had, Church. church without incident. like many other people who live Isaac, himself the most im­ After the service, which nearly close to the soil, to the trees, to the portant and trusted member of the every member of the Johnson Hill wind and the rain, a certain dim in­ Johnson Hill congregation, for community attended, the payoff fallible wisdom; and this now many years had been treasurer of was made in a dingy little back­ seemed to tell him that the day of the Skyrocket Resurrection Burial room. As the pennies, nickles and his final reckoning with Dandy was Society, the largest organization in dimes poured in, Isaac glimpsed the close at hand. the church. In all other burial socie­ leering face of Dandy at the open Isaac returned home in the eve­ ties in the Santee country, the window. When all the payments ning, leaving the church, the dead, treasurer kept the cash box and were in, Isaac asked Ben Vandross and those living things of the wil­ some other member of the congre­ to walk home with him. Ben was derness that, when night falls over gation kept the key; but Isaac was the strongest Negro in the Santee the world, come forth from their allowed to keep both. And he had country-courageous, too, except dens and their other daytime never had any apprehension con­ when it came to matters of supersti­ fastnesses to seek their meat from cerning the money entrusted to his tion. God. Had you been there, you care until Dandy Davis had come It must have been 11 o'clock,

64 Sand lap per with the full moon riding almost speed surpnsmg for his age, Isaac that which, long before, the Semi­ overhead, when Isaac and Ben set dashed across the road, slammed noles had called the Great King­ out for Isaac's lonely little cabin in open the gate and ran in among the that of which they always had a the pinelands. They walked safely tombs. Dandy was hot after him, reverent fear. As became such and securely until they came in ready to deal his victim a lethal majesty, he advanced slowly. For sight of St. James Church, glimmer­ blow with the pistol butt. Isaac ran all the horror of his wide, unlidded ing eerily in the forest. around the McCloud tomb. Black in eyes of bloodshot topaz, the sullen "Well," said Ben, "I think I'll the moonlight yawned the singular droop at the corners of his mouth, leave you heah. You're almost opening in its base. Should he the faint pallor of thin, contemp­ home. You

June 1973 65 (Continued from page 46) was named, with Pickens and Henry Osborn retained as advisers. The two men considered the proposed treaty unfair to the Indians, and true to expectations it was rejected. At this juncture, President Washington took a hand in the proceedings. He sent a secret agent to McGillivray; Pickens furnished him with an Indian guide and letters of introduction to various chiefs along the way. McGillivray con­ sented to go to New York, and there Secre­ tary of War Henry Knox on Aug. 7, 1 789, concluded a treaty which guaranteed all lands south and west of the Oconee River to the Creeks, while those north and east of the river were irrevocably acknowledged as belonging to the states. Only many years later did the public learn of a secret treaty made between McGillivray and Washington; among other things it promised annual gifts of $100 plus gold medals to the chiefs of several tribes, and assured the appointment of McGillivray as a brigadier general and United States agent, along with a $1,200 annual salary. It also granted scholarships for the education of Creek youths in the north. Andrew Ellicott in 1791 was sent to run the boundary line between the Creeks anc Georgia. The Cherokees complained to Pickens, who gave them letters and sent them to Washington. On Feb. 17, 1792, another treaty was drawn up reflecting the Cherokees' demands for increased annuities and removal of settlers from their lands. The Indians' unhappiness did not abate, however. Threats of war continued. Gov. Pinckney asked Presi­ Border incidents continued, especially in dent Washington to appoint Pickens as chief Georgia. That state refused to recognize the of defense, asserting, "We are acquainted with treaty of New York with the Creeks and sold his influence among the Indians and his thousands of acres of western lands to specu­ knowledge of their affairs .... " Hence, in lative companies. Congress launched an inves­ April 1 792 Secretary Knox invited Pickens to tigation. President Washington appointed attend a treaty conference with the Chick­ Pickens and two others to negotiate another asaws and Choctaws to persuade them to join treaty between the Creeks and the United United States troops in a campaign against States. The mission was successfully carried hostile Indians north of the Ohio River and, if out and approved by both Washington and his they agreed, to command the expedition. successor John Adams. Georgia leaders were Pickens made the 400-mile journey to Nash­ never satisfied until the last Indian had been ville, much of it through mountains and dan­ ejected from the territory. gerous wilderness, and urged the Indians to In 1797 Pickens and Gen. James Winches­ peaceful ways and advantageous trade, to be ter were named federal commissioners to obtained by allowing roads to be built mark the boundary lines between the United through their lands. Assurances of peace and States and the Indian nations south of the friendship were given, but no military plans Ohio pursuant to the treaty of 1791. Two made. weeks of arduous travel brought the two men

66 Sand lap per ,

Gen. Andrew Pickens is buried at Old Stone Church on U.S. 76 near Clemson. Pickens, an elder of the church when it was first organized, was a donor of the pulpit and pews.

Nashville, Chickasaw Bluffs (present Mem­ phis) and Loftus Heights (Natchez), with con­ ferences and treaty making along the entire route with Chickasaws, Choctaws and Chero­ kees. The Creeks were invited to attend a full-scale conference the following May to be held at Ft. Wilkinson on the Oconee River. After the Creeks performed an elaborate cere­ monial, they asked for a three-day recess to discuss the terms of the proposed treaty. For "valuable considerations," the Creeks ceded to the United States all the territory east of a line to run from High Shoals on the Appala­ chee to Ellicott's Mound on the St. Mary's River; the United States promised to remove the Indians entirely from Georgia's reserved territory as soon as it could be done "peace­ ably and on reasonable terms." (Eventually, small cessions were obtained, extending the boundary of Georgia to the Ocmulgee River, and finally most of the Indians in the South­ east were expelled to the Indian territory of the Midwest.) Many Georgians were not to the Tennessee River, where they made ar­ happy, however, and criticized Pickens so rangements with the Cherokees to set up mili­ severely that a fellow commissioner felt im­ tary posts within their boundaries. When they pelled to write Gov. Milledge of Georgia in reached Knoxville, the commissioners divided Pickens' defense, saying, "The General stands their party. Pickens and John Kilpatrick ran higher in the estimation of the Indians in my the east line to the treaty line of 1785; it was opinion than any man living; they have had known as the Pickens line and was marked by just cause to fear him as a warrior when their trees cut with "C" on the south side and enemy, and to love him now [as] a friend "U.S." on the north. [and] as an honest man .... " Pickens bowed out of service when the The Indians bestowed the name of Skya­ Creek line was run in 1798. He was engaged in gunsta, or Wizard Owl, upon Pickens. Of his family, church and legislative endeavors at contributions it has been said, "No other con­ home. tributed so much in time and effort toward Soon, however, his services as negotiator the peaceful ceding of this vast area by the were once again in demand. He was appointed Indians to the United States and its opening in 1801 as a federal commissioner to negoti­ to white settlers." ate with the Southern Indians for a right-of­ way through their territory. This assignment Mary Wyche Burgess is a free-lance writer entailed several months' travel, from Ohio to from Greenville.

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