When we were children, we would climb in our green and golden castle until the sky said stop. Our.dreams filled the summer air to overflowing, and the future was a far-off land a million promises away. Today, the dreams of our own children must be cherished as never before. ) For if we believe in them, they will come to believe in I themselves. And out of their dreams, they will finish the castle we once began - this time for keeps. Then the dreamer will become the doer. And the child, the father of the man.

NIETROMONT NIATERIALS Greenville Division Box 2486 Greenville, S.C. 29602 803/269-4664 Spartanburg Division Box 1292 Spartanburg, S.C. 29301 803/ 585-4241 Charlotte Division Box 16262 Charlotte, N.C. 28216 704/ 597-8255 II

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South Caroli na is on the move. And C&S Bank is on the move too-setting the pace for South Carolina's growth, expansion, development and progress by providing the best banking services to industry, business and to the people. We 're here to fulfill the needs of ou r customers and to serve the community. We're making it happen in South Carolina.

the action banlt The Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina Member F.D.I.C. In the winter of 1775, Major General William Moultrie built a fort of palmetto logs on an island in Charleston Harbor. Despite heavy opposition from his fellow officers. Moultrie garrisoned the postand prepared for a possible attack. And, in June of 1776, the first major British deftl(lt of the American Revolution occurred at the fort on Sullivan's Island. We at Investor's Heritage think that one man's determination is something worth remembering and that's why we've mentioned it. Because people-past and present, of today or tomorrow-are what we're interested in. People who worry and plan and save and dream. For people like that we have the Heritage '76 Life lnSUfple with roots deep in South Carolina's history. Gel'\!,ll"el.Moultrle's determinatfon contributed to your heritage. ~us c:ontribute to your future. INVESTOR'S HERITAGEUFE INSURANeE COMPANY OF THE SOU'IH THE MAGAZINE 20 FOOT sandl apper. MOTOR HOME READER'S COMMENTS 4 NEXT MONTH 4 FROM BEHIND THE PALMETTOS 5 SAILORS OF THE SIOD 8 Les Dane POST-PICKENS RUSSIA 12 Bill Schemmel SUMMER PERENNIALS FROM SEED OR SEEDLINGS 16 Albert P. Hout PALMETTO CO VE: A LAND YACHT HARBOR 19 Helen Parker complet ely insulated. THE GREAT FRESHET OF 1908 23 John Bigham Roof air conditioning PALMETTO PROFILES 26 Power plant FOUR ARTISTS And many other extras WHO ABHOR THE HUM-DRUM 28 Karen J. Amrhine CAROWINDS COMES TO THE CAROLINAS 32 Thomas B. Butler Jr. WAY DOWN SOUTH, $8995.00 IN THE LAND OF TENNIS 38 Bill Schemmel LITTLE WAMBAW SWAMP 45 Robert H. Mohlenbrock Jr. Superior Motors Inc. FISHING CREEK CHURCH 49 M. S. Gaston SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY ILLUSTRATED " The Little Profit Dealer " DISASTER, DECEIT, DESPAIR: Pon tiac • Buick THREE PRELUDES TO THE INDIAN WARS 51 Henry Sauage Jr. Orangeburg, SC SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF 56 Phone 534-11 23 AUGUST WEATHER 58 Columbia Number 256-0200 LEISURE LIVING: HILTON HEAD RACQUET CLUB 60 A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MOVIES 62 Dan Rottenberg I. JENKINS MIKELL, JR. A MEATLESS SUMMER MENU 65 Lucille McMaster EVENTS 69 INTERESTING, UNUSUAL ITEMS AND SERVICES 75

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Delmar L. Roberts EDITORIAL ASSIST ANT Diane Crenshaw ART DIRECTOR Michael F. Schumpert GENERAL MANAGER Kay Langley NATIONAL ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Edward J. Keady ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Charles Alexander ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE Brian Taylor EVENTS EDITOR Beverly Gregg CIRCULATION MANAGER Kathryn F. Little

SANDLAPPER is published by Sandlapper Press, Inc., Allen F. Caldwell Jr., president and chair­ • Life Insurance man of the board; Delmar L. Roberts, vice-president editorial; Edward J. Keady, vice-president • Pension Plans advertising; E. A. Markwalter, vice-president and treasurer; Gertrude Ricker, secretary; and Kay Langley, assistant secretary. • Group Insurance • Health Insurance SANDLAPPER-THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, August 1973, Volume 6, Number 8. • Annuities Published monthly by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Editorial and administrative offices are located at 305 Greystone Blvd., Columbia. MAILING ADDRESS: All correspondence and manuscripts should be addressed to P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202. Return postage must accompany all manu­ New York Life Insurance Co. scripts, drawings and photographs submitted if they are to be returned. Query before submitting S.C.N. Center, Main St. material. No responsibility assumed for unsolicited materials. Second-class postage paid at Colum­ P.O. Box 11803 bia, S.C. Subscription rates: $9 a year in the United States and possessions; foreign countries, $12. Add 4 percent sales tax for South Carolina subscriptions. Copyright © 1973 by Sandlapper Press, Columbia, S.C. 29211 Inc. Sandlapper is a registered trademark. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re­ 252-5657 produced without written permission. II

August 1973 3 KS. 1 ''The Purrrrfect Animal'' readerst com1nen s Jaguar Sandlapper welcomes letters to Emanating an Aura of Beauty, Distinction & Feline Symmetry the editor on matters of general in­ terest. We ask that the letters be XJ6 LUXURY SEDAN held to 150 words or less. Excerpts from this month's letters are pre­ sented below.

As a fairly recent arrival in South Carolina, I have found Sandlapper invalu­ able in acquainting me with the state's traditions and colorful heritage. I especially enjoyed the story "Mal­ V-12 CONVERTIBLE colm" by Thomas B. Butler Jr., in the

"The ultimate Cat" .. The 12 cylinder Animal" Unequa11ed styling & matchless perlormance combined to July issue. The main character is so Several changes have been made to further enhance this "Pur­ give you a truly unique machine. The 12 cylinder engine is inherently balanced l o believable that I wonder if Mr. Butler ring" animal. The lighl s are now an Integral part of the wrap­ give an ellortless and uncanny smoothness of performance. not just power tor pow­ around btimper And underneath the bump;er is an impres­ er's sake .. Try it, you'll buy it!" sive array ol lail pipes Wider doors & extra Ollel"all length based him on a person he really knew? provide easy entrance & exit plus more leg& trunk space. The lokbng lop ,s quickly & easily raised or (I'm interested in writing myself and l!)wered & is weather tight in the most severe weather cond,tions would appreciate learning some tech­ niques for characterization.) I hope you will continue with such short fiction in future issues.

Ann M. Shaw The Sports Car People Columbia, South Carolina 584KINGST. 577-4060 Malcolm was, according to Writer Tom Butler, "a very real man who enlivened the summer of my 14th year." The account of Malcolm's demise is factual but presented in fictional form to height­ • en its effectiveness. Ed. next n1onth Ill (Continued on page 6) sandlapper

Back-To-School Fashions by J. B. White's. A sense of tradition returns to the campus.

College Football. Joe Petty, sports director for WIS-TV, forecasts what success the eight South Carolina college football teams will enjoy in the '73 season.

Palmetto Profiles. Next month get acquainted with Louis Cassels of Aiken and Jim Edwards of Columbia.

Children's Crafts. (A short new monthly feature.) Nancy Chirich offers entertaining sug­ gestions for what-to-do with the summer's shell collections.

4 Sandlapper ANNOUNCING YEAR-END CLOSE OUT SALE OF OPEN ROAD from behind ,,, MOTOR HOMES the palmet~

Bill Schemmel's trip to Russia was one of the most fascinating events of his career. He admits that, "Like a lot of people, I looked on a trip to Russia as something akin to rocketing off to the moon." And Russia was, in many ways, a land of surprises. According to Bill, "The most pleasant surprise was that I was perfectly free to wander anywhere I chose Choose from 17 I nstock in the four cities I visited: Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev Models for $100 and Yalta. I was also free to photograph anything I wanted or anybody that was willing to pose. Nobody Over Cost followed me or told me I couldn't go here or there." But the greatest impact of the trip was the people Bill met, particularly the children, whom he calls "among the most beautiful I've seen." He admits being fascinated by the children and ordinary class of people even more than the pre-Revolution palaces, which lend a fairy-tale BEN SATCHER MOTORS atmosphere to the entire country. Lexington, S.C. According to Lewis Hay, a native of Wadmalaw 359-4114 Island and a lifelong observer of the Sea Island One Design competition, the four boats comprising the SIOD fleet are "floating liabilities," and their sails often resemble patchwork quilts. The regatta is considered a success, he chuckles, if all four finish all the races without a major mechanical failure. Immune to jibes from sailors of more modern and sophisti­ cated craft, the old salts ignore references to them­ selves as farmers and their craft as "potato barges"­ SANTEE COOPER RESORT they just keep on sailing, just like they have for 40 years. Interest in the activities of the SIOD class runs Restored Ante-Bellum home as strong this month in the Rockville Regatta as it did on waterfront and only block 40 years ago when the SIOD competition began. away from golf course. Peace­ Tom Butler is a Spartanburg native with a varied and colorful background ful beauty in this 2,900 square in journalism. He has worked, at various times, for The State, the Miami foot 3 bedroom, 2Y2 baths, Herald and the Spartanburg Herald. But he living room, dining room, gained much of his experience not only outside South Carolina, but outside the country. For kitchen, den, 1,200 square two years, 1968-69, Tom edited the Iberian foot porch, double lot. Daily Sun, an English-language newspaper in 3 3 0-foot waterfrontage. Madrid. Then he worked on the North Ameri­ $95,000.00. can desk at the headquarters of Reuters, the British news agency, for 18 months, after which he returned to Spain as a Reuters correspond­ ent. He returned to Spartanburg last summer. REBA BLACKMON REALTY Tom brought an international perspective to Carowinds where, incidentally, he seems to have had a great time. Orangeburg, S.C. 29115 Phone 803-536-4000 Cover: Carowinds is, as Author Tom Butler de­ scribes it, a place for children. Carolion is just a part of the magic created to delight children; the theme park also offers joumies through all phases of the Carolinas' heritage-right up to the present. And a variety of entertainments is provided along the way. Here, one enchanted little girl gets a special vantage point from which to watch Carolion get her portrait painted by a Carowinds artist.

August 1973 5 Experience the Elegance of an Antebellum Hotel. Charleston's newest hotel is also its oldest. Originall y built in 1853, the Mills House was razed to the ground in 1970. Then it was reconstructed. As exactly as possible, down to the smallest details. But with every modern convenience. The new Mills House, in the middle of historic Charleston, embodies all the grandeur and elegance of antebellum living. General Lee stayed here when he commanded the Confederate Garrison in Charles­ ton in 1861. We think he'd feel at home again today. You wi ll , too. For reservations, see your travel agent or ca ll toll free (800) 228-9000 for all Hyatt Hotels.

(***** Mobil 5-Star Rating) The MILLS~ HYATI HOUSE Meeting & Queen Streets Charleston, South Carolina 29401

Here's some inflation you'll like ... (Co ntinued from page 4) I have read with keen interest Louise THE K. Rankin's Journey to Secession in the May Sandlapper. A very fine piece of NATIONAL South Carolina history preserved for us. I find that she has made a very small CAR RENTAL mistake. L. W. Spratt (p. 58) was a South Carolinian and was living in Charleston at 26 HOUR DAY the time of the Secession Convention. He was a signer of the Secession Ordinance, and according to the family history was IN MYRTLE BEACH AND CHARLESTON ... editor of The Standard, a Charleston vve give you two extra hours of the most precious paper. He never lived in Charlotte, North thing in the world-TIME! When you rent a car from Carolina, although he was born in Fort us, you're allowed two extra hours on the day you Mill , South Carolina, only a few miles away. check in. So avoid the check-in rush by reserving We enjoy the Sandlapper very much your next car from the Time Stretchers. That's and are proud to own all the issues of the us . .. the same ones who give you S&H Green magazine. Stamps with every rental. Margarat Spratt Bristow Darlington, South Carolina

(Mrs. Bristow is a great-niece of Leonidas William Spratt.)

We feature General Motors cars MYRTLE BEACH CHARLESTON 2300 N. KINGS HWY. MUNICIPAL AIRPORT 448-2243 744-4278

6 Sandlapper What Americas forests mean to you.

Many people thoroughly enjoy forests. Georgia-Pacific employs over They enjoy fish ing and hunting and all the 34.000 people. The Company owns other recreation forests can offer. Other in fee more than 4.5 million acres of people simply like to view a huge timberlands in the U. S., Canada, and tract of trees and marvel at one of -----...... ______------=-- Brazil: and has exclusive cutting nature's most beautiful creations. -----=------~...... __ rights to 1.25 million acres in Indo- Still others take a strictly utilitarian nesia, the Philippines and viewpoint-forests are watersheds; Canada. G-P's significance is trees produce oxygen, wood is a raw reflected in some re\'ealing statistics: material. But whatever their point of In 1972 Georgia-Pacific's assets amounted view, all Americans have this in to Sl.7 billion. Sales totaled Sl.7 billion. common: they rely on forests in And. in payrolls and taxes. the Company many ways. paid out a total of $432.000.000 in payrolls and taxes to employees. the federal govern- Jobs and a Payroll ment. and state and local governments. Here in the South, Georgia-Pacific em­ Many people rely on America's ploys 15,000 people. In 1972, Company pay­ forests directly for a livelihood. In rolls and taxes in this area amounted to 1972, the forest products industry $172,000,000. employed in excess of 1. 7:i million people whose paychecks for the year totaled more than S 12.fi billion But that·s just the initial value of the paychecks. The sawyer in the lumber mill spent some of his paycheck for grocerit's. The grocer used part of the same money to buy clothes. The clothier used a portion of the money which he received from the grocer to pay the plumber. And so it goes. A single paycheck spreading out to purchase a wide variety of goods and services. And all of it ultimately derived from forests. ln addition several million other people working in thousands of companies earn their livelihood selling products and services to the forest products industry. Fortunately, forests are a renewable resource. And that may be their greatest value. They will Taxes and Services continue to provide man with the luxuries and Privately-owned forests also pro­ necessities of life. vide tax revenue. Last year, taxes Forever. paid by companies in the forest prod­ ucts industry amounted to many mil­ FREE LITERATURE/FREE LOAN FILM lions of dollars. Part of these dollars "The Story of Human Enterprise;' a three­ went to the federal government. The time film festival award winner, tells about tree rest helped to support local schools, farming and what Georgia-Pacific is doing to fire and police departments, sewage protect the environment. This 28 minute, 16mm disposal systems, and other services color film, is ideal for all ages. Available on provided by state and local govern­ temporary free loan basis to schools and groups. ments. So the government relies on "The Forest and You·· poster kit for teachers and forests for tax revenue, and people, in turn, conservation groups shows how Georgia-Pacific depend on the services which are provided by foresters are improving the forests. the taxes. Included are free colorful posters and a list of There are thousands of companies in the endangered species. First kit free, additional forest products industry. These companies kits 50 cents each while supply lasts. manufacture a variety of products ranging from Write: Georgia-Pacific Educational Library, plywood and lumber to pulp, paper, and chemi­ P. 0. Box 909, cals. Georgia-Pacific is one of these companies. Augusta, Georgia 30903. Georgia-Pacific The Growth Company .. F. Seabrook of Wadmalaw Island, south of Charleston, stood trial in 0. 1931 for winning too many sail- boat races in local competition. Sailors It all began many years before when cousins Jenkins Mikell of Edisto Island and John F. Sosnowski of Johns Island began a sailing competition that led to of the the beginning of one of the oldest sailing regattas in the country and the establish­ ment of the Sea Island One Design (SIOD) sailboat. That first race was sailed in 1890, and the outcome is not known. SIOD The two young men, with the salt creeks at their doorsteps and little other enter­ tainment available near their remote island homes, inevitably turned to sailing to pass the time and to satisfy the sense of competition common to young men By Les Dane everywhere. Mikell sailed a Swallow Scow in that first race, while Sosnowski piloted a boat given to him by his uncle, John F. Townsend of Edisto. In a July 1961 article in Motor Boating magazine, author Bill Glance pointed out that James C. Seabrook crewed for Sosnowski in that first race; the name of the crewman of the Mikell boat long since has been forgotten. At first it was more or less a family affair, with the competitors cheered on by their families and friends standing on the banks of the Bohicket at the site of what is now the Wadmalaw Island {the original name, Rockville Yacht Club, was changed in 1961) Yacht Club building, or "The Hall," as it is better known. Then Seabrook and John and Joseph Sosnow­ ski, seeing others caught up in the excite­ ment of sailing competition, built an improved boat, Bohicket, in 1893. But it was Reynolds Jenkins, another cousin from James Island, who brought the next successful boat-the Swan-to the Rock­ ville competition. Jenkins' boat, built in 1894 with the avowed purpose of "beat­ ing them all," did just that. Not to be outdone, it was back to the drawing board for Seabrook and Sosnow­ ski, and in 1899 they built the first of a long line of scows to be named Undine. It was also in that year that another formi­ dable entry-the Lizzie B, built by Sandi­ ford Bee and sailed by George Seabrook of James Island-put in a bid for suprem­ acy. The Lizzie B, named for Sandiford Bee's daughter Elizabeth, at the sugges­ tion of Jenkins, foreman of Bee's James Island dairy, beat the first Undine. Then Seabrook and Sosnowski, stung by defeat at the hands of the other Seabrook,

Marconi-rigged SIOD No. 59, left, is believed to be Undine V, pursued by unidentified SI ODs (as was often the case) off Charleston. Right, Doghouse (69) leads Marcheta (60) and Undine V (59) down the Bohicket on the first leg of the 12-mile Rockville course.

8 Sand lap per -Photo courtesy Robert A. Madsen redesigned the Undine's bottom, convert­ As the fame of the Rockville Regatta entry carry a "family" name reminiscent ing her from round to vee-bottom. grew, the "big boat" competition-the of the Jenkins' boat Swan. The Rockville Regatta came into being island scows-also gained popularity, with But it was Undine IV, built by Oliver around the turn of the century, and for boats from Wadmalaw, Johns, James, F. Seabrook and his uncle, Walter Town­ many years Undine (the present Oliver Edisto and, for a short time, Yonges send, that dominated the class for many Seabrook took over from his father in the Island, in the competition. The Beaufort years and led to Seabrook's "trial." In early 1900s) was the boat to beat in the Yacht Club was also a Sea Island member August 1931, Undine IV won all three scow class. Soon after the turn of the club for many years. races of the Rockville Regatta against the century, with the sailing races becoming As the years slipped by, the scows Johns Island scow Evely n. But the crew more and more popular, the young sailors were modified and improved, and the of the rival boat entered a protest, charg­ recognized the possibility of organizing Class A Scow was replaced by the double ing that when Seabrook and his uncle the local yacht clubs into one club and bilgeboard design, a faster and more built Undine IV they deviated from the staging an annual sanctioned Rockville maneuverable boat. And there were many hard-and-fast rules governing scow hull Regatta. excellent craft among the competitors, design. In 1906 the Sea Island Yacht Club was among them the original Cygnet, built in It is worth noting at this point, though formed, with Rockville, Johns, James and 1934 by Frank Seabrook of James Island. not in defense of Seabrook or Undine IV, Edisto islands, Carolina, Charleston, The story has it that Cygnet (baby swan) that there was no protest when Mount Pleasant and Beaufort yacht clubs got its name at the suggestion of Mrs. Matt won, which it did quite often, and participating. The Savannah and Wilming­ Sandiford Bee, mother of the young that it was only when Undine IV swept ton clubs were also involved in the Sea woman who gave Lizzie B its name. She the three-race series that the protest was Island group for a short period. felt it fitting that the new James Island filed.

August 1973 9 to Cauthen, the cup went to the Johns Island boat, but Undine went on to establish her supremacy as the boat to beat in the local scow races. And there were no more protests. In 194 7 the first of the Sea Island One Design scows came into being. "The member clubs had voted to design one standard class for the competi­ tion, so I took the best features of the three fastest and best-sailing scows in the area and sent them to Henry A. Scheel of Mystic, Connecticut, one of the country's best designers at that time. He drew the plans-I still have the original drawings­ for what was to become the Sea Island One Design," Seabrook said. The SIOD is 20 feet 6 inches long overall, 7 feet 4 inches across its beam and draws 23 inches. Its mast is 31 feet 10 inches, the boom 14 feet, and the boat carries 271 square feet of sail. The SIOD is ideally suited to the rough water courses of the participating yacht clubs, turning in its best performances in choppy waters with a stiff wind. There are many interesting and amus­ ing tales surrounding the evolution of the SIOD, one of them concerning the nam­ ing of Sam Seabrook's Doghouse. It seems that Seabrook, of Johns Island, commissioned the late Carl Glover, rec­ ognized as one of the East Coast's finest 0. F. Seabrook, retired Wadmalaw Island farmer and former skipper boat builders, to build him a SIOD class of the gaff-rigged Undine IV, recalls the past glories of his SIOD craft. sailboat. "When my wife found out, that is where I stayed-in the doghouse-and that's where the boat got its name," he While the crews cooled their heels, and days even though, being metal, they recalled. The name has lasted through the if past Rockville races are any criteria, could affect the "floating attitude" of the years; currently the Doghouse is owned their throats as well, the judges of the hull. Seabrook was ruled in violation and and sailed by Paul Andrews. regatta sailing committee pondered the the cup was to go to Evelyn on a default. Mrs. Oliver Seabrook recalls a regatta charges and interviewed Seabrook and his But that was not the end of it. her husband won many years ago in crew. Seabrook admitted that he and his Seabrook's "lawyers," stung by the rul­ Charleston harbor. uncle had slightly altered Undine's bot­ ing, exercised their right to appeal to the "We were all on the Battery watching tom, but also managed to get it into the Sea Island Yacht Club executive sailing the boats come back into sight when I record that Evelyn had "brass on her committee, the overall ruling body, but heard a couple of men near me talking," bottom." It seems the brass consisted of the higher "court," as Henry Cauthen she said. "'Say, isn't that Seabrook in patches, which were also not completely described it in a News and Courier report Undine IV coming in to the Battery legal, but were customarily used in those of the trial, upheld the ruling. According against the tide? Man, he'll be out of the

10 Sandlapper race altogether if he doesn't reach with the tide for the Morris Island light like the other boats do,' the man said." But Mrs. Seabrook knew her husband and knew his strategy and she knew it would work. Seabrook, coming in to the Battery on a shorter, against-the-tide reach, had the tide at his tiller for the final, longer run to the finish buoy. " I couldn't help telling the men that was my husband when he crossed the line a full minute ahead of the other boats," she laughed. Prizes for the winning boat in the SIOD sailing events have varied over the years, with the first a blue-and-white flag stitched up in 1901 by the ladies of the James Island Yacht Club. In later years the late Sheriff Edwin H. Poulnot annual­ ly donated what became known as the Sheriff's Cup, a tradition that was later adopted by Poulnot's successor, the late Chester A. Perry, a longtime resident of Wadmalaw Island. The Wadmalaw Island Yacht Club (Rockville) is acknowledged as one of the oldest in the country, and the annual Rockville Regatta might very well be the oldest organized sailing competition of its kind in the country. A search of the records has failed to turn up evidence of an older organized regatta, and it is likely -Photos by Les Dane that the James Island Yacht Club has in its possession the oldest trophy to be awarded for a sailing competition. The Inscription on Sea Island Yacht Club cup shows the Lizzie B won trophy, a sterling silver cup, went to the the award in four of the five regattas from 1902 through 1906. Lizzie B for five wins in the Scow sailing class. The cup was awarded in 1902, just 12 years after Mikell and Sosnowski sailed their first race. oldest for my club." annual Rockville Regatta, with Undine, Fred C. Wichmann, historian and past And as Glance noted in his report in Doghouse, Marcheta and Cygnet ready to commodore of the James Island Yacht Motor Boating magazine, "The Sea Island do battle once again for the title of SIOD Club, believes the cup may be the oldest One Designs are numerically one of the Champion, 1973. And although the com­ in the country. smallest classes in the Rockville event but petition has come full circle and there is "I would certainly like to have all the their race is still the feature one. The only one club-owned boat left-Johns facts because there are certainly gaps in larger classes of Lightnings, Y-Flyers and Island's Marcheta-the same excitement the record,'' Wichmann said, "but until Moths are reduced to mere supporting will prevail. someone can show hard proof that this is roles to the interclub championship." not the oldest sailing trophy in existence, It was true then and it will be true Les Dane is on the staff of the Charleston I am going to claim possession of the when the boats gather August 4-5 for the Evening Post.

August 1973 11 POST-PICKENS RUSSIA

By William Schemmel

rrived here yesterday at 10 o'clock. constitutional stroll. The eerie feeling was Have taken rooms at the Hotel de enhanced, rather than diminished, at the 'A Russia. It was a strange sensation that sight of so many people doing so many overcame me as I stood for the first time ordinary things in a place I had heard so on Russian ground. The long beards, much about: gazing longingly at the singular costumes and confused sounds of frocks and the fishing gear in the brightly a language entirely unknown to me made lighted windows of the GUM department me feel my isolation in full force . Nor store, holding hands, slurping ice cream, was this feeling removed as I gazed on or staggering under the load of an over­ the magnificent palace along the River dose of vodka. That curious sense of Neva, and on the great church whose other-worldliness stayed with me through gilded dome flashed dazzlingly in the two weeks in Moscow, Kiev, the Black sunshine .. . ." Sea resort of Yalta and in Leningrad, the On July 7, 1858, Mrs. Lucy Pickens, a graceful city that Lucy Pickens knew as South Carolinian by marriage, wife of the St. Petersburg. newly appointed American minister to If by some ethereal mode of transpor­ the court of Czar Alexander II, dis­ tation Lucy could return to Leningrad for patched her initial impression of Imperial a day, she would not feel completely out St. Petersburg in a letter home to her of time, for this splendid city, modern mother. Russia's largest, remains much as she first After traveling for months and setting saw it. The rows of pastel-tinted Italian­ foot at last in a metropolis so alien to all ate houses still line the meandering ca­ her senses, Lucy Pickens certainly had nals. Statues of Greek gods and goddesses earned the right to feel isolated and still look out over the meticulously mani­ homesick. Nonetheless, during a two-year cured Summer Garden. The fountains still tour of duty at the Imperial Russian play in front of the gilt-spired Admiralty. Court, Lucy and her husband, Col. The Winter Palace, "the magnificent Francis Wilkinson Pickens, a wealthy palace along the River Neva," is still as South Carolina plantation owner, never fascinating as it was in 1858. With fresh lost the sense of unreality that swept over coats of white and pale green paint, it them their first days in the never-never might seem even more cheerful than land of mid-19th-century Russia. when she last saw it. If Lucy should The world today is, of course, infinite­ chance inside the palace, however, she ly tighter than it was in Lucy Pickens' would encounter no czar or czarina, no - All photos by Will ia m Sc hemmel time. The travel time from South Caro­ lackeys in velvet and brocade livery. lina to Russia has been cut to less than 12 Instead, she would be astounded to see hours. Yet, the same feeling of having thousands of ordinary Russians, the serfs The colorful domes of St. Basil's landed in outer space infects the modern­ Cathedral (right) tower over of her time, traipsing through marble, day voyager who steps off an airplane and modern Moscow. Above, the face and malachite and polished mahogany cham­ finds himself in Moscow or Leningrad. costume of a rabbi in Kiev seem bers of what is now known as the I myself empathized entirely with Hermitage Museum. to place him in a past century. Lucy's sentiments when I first stepped Names of many of the artists repre­ out of the Hotel Rossiya, into Moscow's sented would be familiar to her, for the Red Square on a crisp Sunday evening, czars were great patrons of the arts. But when that immense cobblestone expanse paintings by other artists, artists with was alive with Muscovites enjoying their curious names like Picasso, Monet, Manet,

12 Sandlapper

Degas and Renoir, would be as foreign to Russian architectural masterpieces, clockwise from right: the Admiralty spire her as the Russian language. As she in Leningrad; the Kazansky Cathedral, now the Museum of History of Reli­ walked wide-eyed through the galleries of gion and Atheism; the old Winter Palace, now known as the Hermitage Museum. the Hermitage, she would be flabber­ gasted to overhear English spoken in various accents, including the soft accent peculiar to South Carolina. She would her Baptist church at home, left her in a other aristocrats are maintained just as have no way of knowing that Russia state of shock. carefully as when she and Col. Pickens today is becoming an increasingly popular If she happened, however, to take the attended lavish banquets, balls and state destination for South Carolinians and subway a few blocks down the Nevsky receptions there. As the hundreds of others frantically looking for somewhere Prospect, Leningrad's wide main avenue, fountains of the Peterhof Palace playfully on earth not trampled to dust by hordes and entered the colonnaded Kazansky danced through their daily routine, Lucy of marching tourists. Cathedral, she would encounter a reli­ would have no inkling that all this an­ In one of her letters, Lucy professed gious experience of a radically different tique beauty is virtually a total reproduc­ utter astonishment at the ostentatious nature. tion. The originals she knew were almost grandeur of the Cathedral of St. Isaac, Like all the richly ornamented czarist completely wiped out by the Germans adjacent to the Winter Palace, "whose palaces and churches, Kazansky Cathedral during a cruel 900-day siege of Leningrad gilded dome flashed dazzlingly in the is now a state museum. It has a special during World War IL sunshine." The diamonds, emeralds and purpose, however, serving as the State One of the most amazing of the solid gold ornaments that once decorated Museum of the History of Religion and seeming paradoxes that pepper the land­ the altars of St. Isaac's have long since Atheism. Under the dome of this ornate scape of modern Russia is that with a been removed. Nonetheless, the great former cathedral are hundreds of exhibits struggling economy, it will allocate mil­ church, with its pillars of malachite, spelling out in graphic detail the ruthless lions of rubles to restoring the showplaces. jasper and porphyry, is as stunning to the exploitation of the Russian common of a system it struggled so hard to eye today as it was when Lucy Pickens people by the established church, which overthrow. When I asked a Soviet guide first walked beneath its valuted dome and worked in league with the czar to sup­ about this seeming paradox, she ex­ saw the sad-eyed Madonnas peering back press their advancement. plained that it wasn't a paradox at all. at her from priceless icons. The pomp of If Lucy ventured outside Leningrad, "Art," she explained, "is above politics the Russian Orthodox ritual, when com­ she would be delighted to see that the and political systems. The great palaces, pared to the spartan worship services of ornate palaces of the czars and assorted cathedrals and works of art are monu­ ments to our Russian artists and are a reflection of the rich culture of our country through the centuries. They are part of our history." What she did not say so candidly, but nevertheless implied, was that these re­ stored works of art serve at least two other more practical functions as well. First of all, they are a lure to prospective tourists from abroad, who grease the hard-pressed Soviet economy with their "hard" currencies. Secondly, they are propaganda weapons aimed at Russian citizens who from time to time might grow skeptical about the glories of the Communist system. The Russian language tour of various historical monuments presses home the point that before Lenin and the Revolu­ tion this is the way perhaps one or two per cent of the people lived. While these nobles wallowed in such shameful luxury, the great mass of the Russian people lived in poverty, hunger and illiteracy. Reproductions or not, these opulent palaces, along with the churches topped with outlandish tutti-frutti domes, are part of the reason the Soviet Union is such a captivating place. But monuments and memorials aside, the Soviet Union is fascinating because of its people, particu­ larly its children, who are among the most beautiful to be seen anywhere. "Our children," a teacher in Leningrad told me, "are the hope of our country. It is for them that we have fought so hard.

14 Sandlapper •

It is for this generation that we have built This vast country has its pleasures and communism. They are our monuments." its beauty. Yet, it is likewise a land of Long after the museums have faded bitter realities. More than 20 million of from memory, when I can no longer its people died during World War II, recall the treasures of the Hermitage or either in actual combat or as a result of the Kremlin or remember the grace of the Nazi occupation. Outside Kiev a tablet, Bolshoi Ballet troupe, I will still see the like a tombstone, marks the site of one of glowing faces of these young people: the the war's most heinous crimes. It is at a bundled-up tykes, under the grandmoth­ place called Babi Yar, a ravine where the ...~ ··: r erly surveillance of their babushkas, Nazis in 1941 slaughtered 90,000 Jews. ,r~~, .. -. ... bravely waddling through flocks of pi­ The mass murder of the Jews, however, ·~le '.J 'l'~ geons in the square across from the was only the terrible prologue. During the ~ ,. .., ,, Bolshoi Opera House; young boys-some four years of Nazi occupation, hundreds ~ \.: ;'; with hearts set on someday performing of thousands of non-Jews also met death on the Bolshoi stage, others longing for at Babi Yar. freedom of the soccer field-laboring at a The full story of Babi Yar has come to ballet bar in Kiev; Olympic hopefuls light only in recent years, mainly through flapping like wounded mallards over a a poem by Yevgeny Yevtushenko, the high-hurdles bar, then giggling at their onetime boy wonder of Soviet letters. awkwardness; young lovers strolling hand In 1860 Col. Pickens and his Lucy in hand along the Black Sea shore. returned to a South Carolina teetering on The heart of Russia's lure to outsiders the brink of Civil War. As the horror of is that it represents a totally different war closed about her, surely Lucy reflect­ way of life. If a visitor took part in none ed wistfully on the peace of the Imperial of the standard tourist activities but Court and perhaps longed to return, if merely walked the streets by day and only for a day. If so, then we two have a rode this subway at night, observing the thought in common. Russian people as they went about their daily lives, he would come home with an William Schemmel is a senior editor of experience beyond price. Georgia Magazine.

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August 1973 15 Summer Perennials From Seed or Seedlings

By Albert P. Hout

lowering perennials give early color to a garden and will continue to do so Fwell into late summer. If the soil has been properly prepared and maintained, their roots will live from year to year. They do well almost every­ where in South Carolina. Flowering perennials are versatile: They are excellent plants to include in borders, to accent evergreens, to mass for ground cover or to enhance a rock gar­ den. The most popular flowering perennials are hemerocallis, hollyhock, iris, poppy and salvia; some that are not so well known are alyssum, columbine, candytuft and foxglove . This list does not include all perennials-it is only a selection of the most common ones. In order to grow flowering perennials successfully, follow these steps: Prepare the soil carefully; start with vigorous plants or new seeds; set out the plants or sow the seed at the recommended times; provide the proper distances between the plants when thinning seedlings or setting out started plants; plant apart from an­ nuals (which crowd them out); place the enter well-prepared soil easily, seeds will plants so that they will stand out (ever­ germinate readily, seedlings will develop greens or wooden fences make excellent deep healthy roots and the flowers will be backgrounds). abundant. Preparing the soil is very important for Begin by preparing the locations you the growth and vigor of flowering peren­ have selected in the latter part of October nials. Properly prepared soil will have or early November. Spade the soil to a good drainage, protection from drying depth of 8 to 10 inches in the fall , winds and adequate water. Water can turning the soil all the way over. Spading

16 Sandlapper should be done every two weeks, if pull them out. moss, fertilizer and lime into the soil. For possible. During the sparlings remove Just before planting in the spring, ordinary garden soil, use one to two rocks, trash, vines, etc. If weeds grow, spade again. At this spading work peat inches of peat moss and a one-inch layer of unwashed sand available from any building supply store. If the soil is heavy clay, use twice this amount of peat and sand. Well-rotted compost can be used instead of peat moss. At the last spading, add a complete fertilizer, such as 5-10-5. Use it at a rate of H ii pounds (three rounded cups) per 100 square feet. After spading is done, rake the soil surface smooth; after raking, the soil is ready for seeding or planting started plants. Flowering perennials can be purchased from many sources, the local nursery and garden shop being two good ones. Usually plants sold at these places are already in bloom. This is good because it allows you to see the different shades and colors available. Moreover, most potted flower­ ing perennials will be in a container made of peat; therefore, all you need to do to plant them is to dig a hole large enough in diameter to accommodate the pot and deep enough so that the top of the pot is even with the soil that surrounds it. If the pot has foil wrapped around it, take it off and discard it. Finally, heap the prepared soil around the pot and gently but firmly

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August 1973 17 pack it around the stem of the plant. for background screening. This flower spring in a sunny spot and allow about 18 Water with a nozzle adjusted for fine mist does best in deep, rich, well-drained soil. to 24 inches between plants. to enable the roots to settle the pot. Plant seeds anytime from spring to Sep­ Alyssum (gold dust) grows from 9 to If you want to grow flowering peren­ tember in a sunny spot. 12 inches high. It is used in rock gardens, nials from seed, make a furrow one-half Hibiscus, like the hollyhock, grows to for edging and for cut flowers. It blooms inch deep and about one-half inch wide great heights. This plant blooms from in early spring. Alyssum is excellent in and fill it with vermiculite. Make another July to September. Hibiscus is generally dry or sandy soil. Plant seed in early furrow about three-eighths inch deep and grown in flower beds and as a background spring in a sunny spot. Space plants about three-eighths inch wide in the vermicu­ plant. Sow the seed in spring or summer, two feet apart. lite-filled furrow. During this operation, in sunshine or shade, in moist or dry soil. Candytuft grows about 10 inches high. vermiculite will spill over on both sides of Space plants about three feet apart. Seed It is used in rock gardens and for edging the furrow. As soon as the seeds have germinates in about 10 days. Stake those and ground cover. It blooms in late been sown (follow the directions on the that are over three feet tall. summer and does well in dry places. Plant back of the packet), cover the furrow Irises are available in four types: Ger­ seed in early spring or late fall in a sunny with the vermiculite heaped along the man, Japanese, Siberian and dwarf. They area. Place plants about a foot apart. edges. When this has been done, water the grow from 3 inches to 21/2 feet high. Use Columbine grows from two to three soil with a fine mist. irises in borders and as cut flowers. Plant feet high and is used in borders and for Water perennials throughout the grow­ bulbs or rhizomes in late fall-they will cut flowers. It blooms in late spring or ing season-particularly during dry weath­ germinate the spring following their early summer and needs fairly rich, well­ er-on a weekly basis. planting. Space plants 18 to 24 inches drained soil. Plant seed any time from Hemerocallis ( day lily) grows one to apart. spring to September in sun or partial four feet high. To have day lily flowers Poppies bloom all summer and grow shade. Space plants from 12 to 18 inches throughout the growing season, plant from 15 to 18 inches high. The Oriental apart. Seed germinates in about 30 days. various species. Hemerocallis is used in poppy reaches three feet. Plant the seeds Foxglove grows four to six feet tall. It borders and among shrubbery. Plant the in early spring in a permanent location is used in borders and for cut flowers. seeds in late fall or early spring in full because poppies do not transplant well. Foxglove blooms from spring to Septem­ sunlight or partial shade, spacing plants Choose a sunny spot; space plants 24 ber in sun or partial shade. Space the 24 to 30 inches apart. The seed will inches apart. plants a foot apart. germinate in about 15 days. Salvia grows from 18 to 24 inches in Hollyhocks will quite frequently grow height. It will bloom from August until Albert P. Hout is a free-lance writer from to six feet tall. They are generally used frost. Use salvia in borders. Plant seed in Appomattox, Virginia.

18 Sandlapper ------PALMETTO COVE A LAND YACHT HARBOR

By Helen Parker lthough the Palmetto State (South water is assured, as the river at that point prospect and his family is voted on by the Carolina) Unit of the Wally Byam is made up largely of the overflow from unit after the family's attendance at two ACaravan Club International, Inc., has the dam at Table Rock Reservoir which rallies. been chartered for only five years, it furnishes a portion of the drinking water The family aspect of club activities is boasts a thriving membership of 300-plus for the city of Greenville and environs. always emphasized. Members come in trailer families. And the group has the Man-made facilities at the Cove consist varied age groups. Many are older couples distinction of being one of the first in the of a paved, sheltered area approximately enjoying their retirement years, some are country to develop its own permanent 40 by 100 feet, suitable for meetings and couples with children, and a few are campsite, Palmetto Cove, in the shadow such activities as barbecues and square free-wheelers-single persons, mostly of Caesars Head just off the new Chero­ dances; and there are water, sewer, and widows and widowers. kee Foothills Scenic Highway, S.C. 11. electrical hookups for about 150 trailers. Interdenominational religious services "The Cove" came about as a result of Use of the facilities is confined to mem­ are an important part of each Sunday's cooperation of many members of various bers of the Wally Byam Club, according activities at Palmetto Cove and at other abilities working together during sched­ to past president W. V. "Bill" Barbour of rally sites wherever the unit meets. The uled work weekends. In the parlance of Greenville. "The club is set up as a club's mobile equipment includes a public the membership, the campground is a nonprofit organization, and if we took address system, an electric organ and "land yacht harbor." The site consists of people other than member families, we hymnals. A choir director recruits and 13.6 acres, about half wooded and half would become commercial," he explains. rehearses in preparation for each service. open. Natural resources include scenic In order to become a member of the The visiting speaker, usually an ordained and recreational spots within a short Wally Byam Caravan Club the applicant minister from one of the local churches, drive, fishing in nearby streams and lakes, must be the owner of an Airstream travel receives a gratuity from the day's collec­ and swimmi.ng in the pure, clear water of trailer and must be recommended by two tion. The remainder of the offering is the Saluda River. The quality of the unit members. The application for the donated to a charity, preferably a local

20 Sand lap per cause, suggested by the speaker of the on the "Power of Positive Thinking." sold to members. day and approved by the unit worship In between scheduled caravans, Pal­ Palmetto Cove, already on a paying committee. Barbour was an advocate of metto Cove is open the major portion of basis, is still in the growing process. this procedure after a sum of about $600 the year, ready as a rallying point for Future plans call for enclosure of a above the cost of equipment necessary to groups or as a stopover for individual club portion of the existing shelter for group provide the services had accumulated member families, many of whom are activities and chapel use in bad weather. from collections in two years or so. members of units of the Wally Byam At the unit's business meeting and instal­ Worship services are usually followed Caravan Club from other states traveling lation of officers last October, the mem­ by potluck dinners, a pleasant note on through South Carolina. A host family or bership voted to dedicate and name the which to disband and prepare for a return group is on duty at all times to manage assembly structure in honor of the trek home or settle down for a lazy the business and coordinate activities at Harbours, charter members. At the meet­ afternoon at the Cove. the Cove. Parking fees collected care for ing, where 110 Airstream families were in The group schedules, in advance, 9 or Cove expenses. The nominal fee charged attendance at a weekend rally at Palmetto 10 rallies a year, March through Decem­ is considerably less than that at commer­ Cove, Barbour turned over the president's ber, at various points of interest where cial campgrounds. gavel to then-vice-president Ed Thomson camping facilities are available. During The Cove has been financed primarily of Aiken for a year's incumbency. Plans the past year rally locations included through the sale of prepaid parking for further development are progressing. Myrtle Beach, Aiken, Rock Hill, Colum­ coupons to the unit's membership, and The campsite was acquired under a bia and Charleston, and the South Caro­ interest-free Palmetto Cove notes were renewable lease agreement in February lina unit was represented by a caravan of 32 trailers at the club's 15th international Left, Michele Gantt, age 4 rally in Louisville, Kentucky, last sum­ argues with John L. mer. Approximately 15,350 caravanners Carpenter of Greenville converged with 3,620 trailers. Although it about possession of was a gala event, the club's largest rally his chair; below, the table was not without its serious moments. is prepared for morning Honored speaker Norman Vincent Peale coffee and cinnamon rolls. enthralled an audience of thousands of Airstreamers with an hour's presentation

-All photos by Robert Smeltzer

Robert Wilson of Easley, above, raises his flag in a morning ritual. Left, the Palmetto State (South Carolina) Unit rallies for a business meeting.

21 1971. The first rally, with 80 families in attendance, was held there the following June. Soon the facility was being used by 15 to 25 families during the week, in addition to weekenders. The Wally Byam Caravan Club Inter­ Bring national, Inc., consisting of more than 130 units, was named for the late Wally Byam, who pioneered the manufacture of travel trailers more than 38 years ago, your next working in a small plant in Los Angeles. As his vehicles increased in popularity, he continued to add refinements to make them among the most advanced in the convention world. To prompt his customers to dis­ cover new worlds of adventure he pro­ moted the rally and caravan ideas which have now spread practically all over the world. tothe As of 1972 approximately 28,000 caravanners had traveled on 85 trailer excursions through 120 countries and 5 continents, a distance of more than nine Queen City. million miles. Byam once personally led a caravan of 40 trailers on a never-before­ attempted 12,000-mile trip from Cape­ town, South Africa, to Cairo, Egypt. In Andstay 1964-65 there was an Around the World Caravan that left Singapore and covered 34,000 miles through Cambodia, Thailand, India, the Bible countries, Scandinavia and Europe. For more than a inar.!lace year 105 caravanners met natives and were feted by royalty. The Airstream Wally Byam Caravans headquarters in California sponsors a con­ that•s fit for tinuing series of colorful trips. Activities in recent months included Christmas in Acapulco, New Year's in Mexico City, a Mexico-Guatemala-Middle America Cara­ a king. van starting in Tucson, Arizona, on Janu­ ary 4 and ending in Laredo, Texas, on March 25. One of the most important events on the WBCC's international calen­ dar was the National Mardi Gras Rally in New Orleans March 1 - 6, sponsored this year by the Gulf States Unit for the 12th consecutive year. Members of the Palmetto State (South Carolina) Unit are, of course, eligible to join in such expeditions. But most club activities are more down-to-earth and nearer home. The local rallies afford an opportunity to visit or discover interest­ ing nearby places on short, weekend or week-long trips punctuated by blazing campfires, square dances and generous Sheraton Center potlucks. SHERATON HOTELS & MOTOR INNS. A WORLDWIDE SERVICE OF ITT As campsites become more crowded, The Sheraton Center, Charlotte's newest and most complete more expensive and more difficult to convention facility, located downtown near the new civic center, come by, it appears that in establishing opens in the fall of '73. their own retreat the South Carolina For more information write Gene Conover, Sheraton Center, organization may be contributing to a 301 McDowell Street, Cameron-Brown Building, Charlotte, N.C. trend which will be followed by similar 28204, or call him at (704) 372-4100. groups as trailering continues to grow in popularity in American family life.

Helen Parker is a free-lance writer from Greenville.

22 Sandlapper The Great Freshet of ·19os ·

By John Bigham

During the height of the 1908 flood, thousands of Colum­ PositiYe identification of this scene during the high water could not be est~b­ bians flocked to lished. HoweYer, oldtimers are inYited to haYe a try at it. Some idea of the tre­ the Congaree River. mendous sea of water brought from upstate by the Saluda and Broad can be gathered from this picture.

ord of another visit by such unde­ version of the Continental Divide) for a years. An old-timer recalled for us that sirables as Gen. Sherman and his good part of its length. Research of the the Congaree was three miles wide below WUnion soldiery, or any other calam­ great freshet of 1908 shows that the C. N. the city. Another related that he remem­ itous event in the history of Columbia, & L. bridge (as it was known in those bered fishing in the Santee as a boy and would hardly have caused more excite­ days and for a long time thereafter) over that his father used to point out a high ment and concern than the telegraphic Slate Rock Creek north of the city was tree with a board nailed close to the top. message received on Aug. 25, 1908, that covered with water. The first engineer to This board for years marked the height tremendous, terrifying and destructive come along parked his train and spent the the water reached in the swamps during flood waters were on their way to the night at a nearby farmhouse. the horrendous days of the freshet. city by means of the Saluda and Broad The flood waters, as they swept past When the flood waters were at their rivers. Torrential downpours in the Up Columbia on August 26 and 27, provided peak on the Congaree, Columbians by the Country, including such unheard of the inhabitants with conversation for thousands thronged as close as possible to amounts as 12.68 inches of rain at Ander­ son and almost equal amounts at Green­ ville and Spartanburg, sent rivers, creeks and branches surging out of their banks. Tremendous property damage ensued as cotton mills in the Piedmont were forced to close, railway bridges washed away, livestock drowned, and crops buried in a sea of mud and mire. The Pee Dee, Catawba, Saluda, Broad and Savan­ nah, along with their water systems, went on a wild spree, the likes of which had never been seen before. The people along the banks of these streams were accus­ tomed to periodic flooding, but nothing in the past approached the present be­ havior of their rivers. Every railroad leading into the capital city was put out of function except the Southern from Columbia to Charlotte. This line probably was spared because it follows a well defined ridge (or small

August 1973 23 Ameeting hotel where

Spectators gathered at a safe distance from the bridge at the foot the skyS of Gervais Street in Columbia to observe the raging waters which threatened it. Fortunately, the sturdy old bridge held and continued its useful life until replaced by the present structure.

the limit. the raging stream to view a sight both to and from the Dutch Fork, Newberry The Sheraton-Columbia is impressive and destructive. An interesting and the upstate in general. It was com­ everything you want in a item was the effect of the high waters on monly referred to as "the overhead convention hotel. Spacious the City of Columbia, a boat which was bridge." The great fear at the time of the meeting rooms and facilities built and launched at the foot of Senate freshet was that this venerable bridge Street and which plied the river in peace­ would give way, sweep down the river for whatever size meeting, ful times. A newspaper reporter described and demolish the Gervais Street span. All banquet or party you plan. the good ship as "floating among the tree efforts to save the latter would be in vain tops." if the overhead bridge lost its fight with For information call or Columbia's streetcars did a booming the raging Broad. Providence, however, write our Manager, Bill business as people from all parts of the permitted the bridge to withstand the Hornsby. Let Sheraton­ city converged at a safe distance from the angry waters of the river and emerge from berserk river to behold its antics. Extra the crisis somewhat bent but not broken. Columbia make it happen cars were added by the Columbia Railway Old-timers claim that the bridge, for you! Co., the ancient predecessor of today's though victorious in the confrontation bus transportation system of the South with the flood waters, was moved nine GOURMET DINING IN THE Carolina Electric & Gas Co. inches on its foundations, and that there­ It seems that a favorite pastime of the after, until its demise in 1925, the dis­ spectators during the time of the high location on the foundations could be ~inB water was standing on safe ground and readily observed. Thus, the old wooden speculating just when the bridge over the bridge never completely recovered from river at the foot of Gervais Street would its memorable battle with the freshet of ~illiam be swept away. There was great anxiety 1908. for this span which, among other names, There has never been, as far as re­ ~oom was known as "the horse bridge." All corded history of the state is concerned, traffic over it was banned for the dura­ any flood before or after-not even the Superb food and excellent service tion of the emergency. Workmen were Pacolet flood of 1903-that matched the in on elegant atmosphere. strategically located on it in an effort to awesome and catastrophic proportions of keep heavy logs in the river from striking the freshet of 1908. Now, with numerous RESERVATIONS 779-4900 the pillars. Probably the majority of those dams on the rivers and the heavens not watching the proceedings were of the quite so generous with rain, about all the opinion that the old bridge could not public hears about the rivers of Columbia withstand the rampaging waters. Fortu­ as far as flooding is concerned are terse nately, the sturdy old bridge held and statements by the weatherman that Sheraton continued its useful life until replaced by "some lowland flooding may be expected the present structure. on the Congaree below the city." Such Columbia Another cause of grave concern during advisory information certainly sounds Hotel&Motorlnn the time of high water was the bridge tame in comparison with the telegraphic across the Broad River northwest of the message from upstate on Aug. 25, 1908. Assembly Street at Devine city. For countless years this picturesque Across from the Carolina Coliseum covered bridge, built completely of wood, John Bigham is a free-lance writer from served as a crossing of the river for traffic Columbia.

24 Sandlapper T I

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WXTC *FM* Stereo 97 Charleston, S. C. up the stench which formerly aroused some residents to compare the air of their community to that of a sauerkraut fac­ tory in flames. In pegging air pollution as the villain in the heart fatality rate in Charleston in palmetto years past, Dr. Jacobs argues there has been no other common denominator which equally affected all residents. Re­ profiles cently, without comment, he issued sta­ tistics which showed no cardiovascular MAKING SOUTH CAROLI NA HISTORY TODAY death variations of consequence in two other Southern cities, Savannah and Greenville, which he said had not initi­ ated clean air campaigns comparable to Charleston's. At the annual banquet held in March of this year, the S. C. Wildlife Federation announced that Dr. Jacobs had been selected Conservationist of 1973. Only one person in the state is honored with this prestigious title each year. Dr. Jacobs was cited specifically for his efforts to align Charleston industrial practices with state pollution control standards. Much in demand as a speaker, rostrum he expanding fan club of Cecil F. peril-backing his attack with court in­ appearances by night have stolen much Jacobs will insist that a lot of people junctions in a relentless campaign which time he would have devoted to his un­ Treading these lines right now would ultimately cost a dozen plants an accumu­ usual hobbies. A man who well could otherwise be dead if he had not come to lative $30 million or more for smoke- and have been a mechanic or woodworker, town. A lesser number of other Charles­ fume-purification apparatus. Dr. Jacobs devotes his spare time to tonians would prefer he be run out of No less important, his fans tell you, rebuilding battered player pianos and town on a rail not later than tomorrow Dr. Jacobs' anti-pollution edicts mopped nickelodians. nightfall. A health director of Charleston County since 1968, no man in living memory has aroused such controversy­ and lived through it to become, if not a living legend, at least the most respected white knight in the Port City environs. In his list of accomplishments, through comparative statistics he opens to chal­ lenge, he claims his five-year campaign to sweep Charleston's skies free of industrial air pollution has caused the cardiovas­ cular death rate to plummet by some 40 percent. Almost from the beginning, he directed local industry either to clean up or close up-a risk fraught with economic

By Tom Hamrick

26 Sandlapper he first broadcast voice that I remem- ber hearing was on a seagoing tugboat "T as a radio operator in New York harbor and hearing the old American Telephone and Telegraph station. They had a beautiful way of announcing ... it had a resonance to it like ... WEAF .. . New York. And this is all they would say, but the music was beautiful." This is among the first of many mem­ ories that Godfrey Richard Shafto has of his half-century career in broadcasting which recently saw him named the first member of the S. C. Broadcasters Associ­ ation's Hall of Fame. 'f As a pioneer broadcaster, Shafto began his career by establishing an amateur radio station in Richmond, Virginia, in 1920. Even with this modest beginning, he was seeking ways to make radio serve a public purpose. An embarrassing moment occurred during this period, Shafto recalls, when he decided it would be a great public service to transmit the time signal from a naval station near Washington, D. C., which served as the time standard for the world. "I got the notion that I would use my amateur station antenna as a receiving antenna to pick up the time signal and I would start off our broadcast with that at noon every day." As he made ready to sign on the air, Shafto turned in the naval station signal and prepared to throw the switch. It was not until he had thrown the switch and everything had gone dead, however, that he realized he could not use one antenna for both receiving and sending the signal. "It was sort of like sitting out on a limb and sawing it off. Down you go," he recalls. Following his efforts as an amateur, Shafto continued his career as a radio operator on ships and tugboats. Later his By Gary C. Dickey curiosity about the new invention led him to study it formally, first at a radio institute in New Orleans, then at Colum­ bia University and Georgia Tech. While Shafto admits he did not antici­ a delegate to the UNESCO radio confer­ Working for Graybar Electric Co. in pate the full impact that the electronic ence, a member of the President's Broad­ Atlanta, Shafto came to Columbia in media would have on the future, he did cast Advisory Council, Chairman of the 1931 to sell equipment to WIS radio have confidence in broadcasting. "I don't Television Code Review Board, Chairman station. At that time, he recalls, the think anybody has the foresight to visu­ of the Television Board of the National station was battery powered, which se­ alize all of the developments that come. Association of Broadcasters, and for the verely limited its broadcast time. "The One has a sufficient confidence in a past 20 years he has served on the board station would usually operate for about medium to make a commitment to it ... of directors of Broadcast Music, Inc. three hours in the morning. By that time but probably more than any one thing, it One of Shafto's special interests is they would have exhausted their bat­ was because of the deep personal pleasure what he refers to as "the era of the teries." Just before the station personnel and interest in radio that I dedicated completely wired home," better known saw their batteries dwindling out, they myself to broadcasting." as cable television, which he has been would make a hasty sign-off and then Along with his commitment to the instrumental in introducing to South throw the batteries on charge. Although new technology, Shafto has a deep com­ Carolina. it worked, the system made for a rather mitment to the future. Although retired Change has been a byword for Shafto, haphazard broadcasting schedule. from his position at WIS, he is still very progress his product, and he has never Along with the sale of the new equip­ much involved in broadcasting as well as been afraid to innovate and make room ment, Shafto also went to work at WIS as numerous civic duties. for new ideas. As he sums it up, "Fortu­ general manager, and the combination As president of the James F. Byrnes nately, change is slow and it gives those served to solve the technical problems at Foundation, he helps administer funds in who are willing a chance to modify and the station, making full-time operation the form of scholarships to aid needy adjust. But it's the man who refuses to possible. South Carolina orphans. He has served as adjust that is lost."

August 1973 27 FOUR ARTISTS WHO ABHOR THE HUM-DRUM

or centuries jewelry has symbolized vided an appropriate atmosphere for many things: wealth, affection, al­ artisans who wished to bring skill and Flegiance and honor. But for the four detail into their own work. artist-craftsmen of Tauscorleo Studio in "We all have different interests," Charleston, jewelry is a means of expres­ Williams explained, "and that makes the sion and a creative escape from the rigors studio run the way it does." The variety of other disciplines. of skills results in a variety of finished In a second floor studio on King pieces. Street-the city's "antique row"­ Williams has a penchant for working Manning Williams, Bill Jamieson, Sam with heavy wrought brass and Indian Ross and Phillip "Bugsy" Chevrier com­ silver-the American Indian is a current bine individual talents which make their passion. His specialty is "jewelry on the jewelry enterprise nearly self-sufficient. spot," as he calls it. After 15 minutes of In creating one-of-a-kind jewelry the torch wielding, Williams can create a Tauscorleo craftsmen manage to under­ free-form piece of jewelry by fusing mine the impact of impersonal, mass­ various metals together. He may have a produced baubles. In order to retain the general idea of the shape he wants the personal touch, the studio works primari­ piece to take, but he allows the idiosyn­ ly on commission. Word-of-mouth adver­ crasies of heat and metal to inspire his tising is the primary method of alerting work. Particularly fond of the medium prospective customers to the group's because it enables him to see the finished talents. piece after a relatively short period, The four studio members did not Williams admits slight impatience with his suddenly discover their common interests coworkers' fields. one day and form a creative coalition the Sam Ross has been interested in rocks next. Instead, the completion of the since he was eight years old. In a proce­ quartet took more than a year, with Bill dure which might be classed as the reverse Jamieson serving as founder. Primarily a of that of his friends, Ross will often find painter, Jamieson in 1970 taught art in an unusual rock or fragment, polish it and Mexico, where he learned casting tech­ refine its shape. Then he will consider niques and jewelry making. In 1971 he in Charleston. Through art classes which what piece of jewelry best could incor­ came to Charleston, and although he did Jamieson taught, he came in contact with porate the stone. not realize it then, the opening of his artists who had similar interests and skills. Bugsy Chevrier contributes sculptural small studio on Broad Street signified the First to join Jamieson was Manning Wil­ talents to the studio, making small, finely birth of a hand-created jewelry movement liams, also a painter. Next Sam Ross detailed human figures. Jamieson does joined him, then Bugsy Chevrier. In 1972 the group named their artists' guild Tauscorleo (the men's astrological signs are Taurus, Scorpio and Leo) and moved to King Street. The studio's loca­ tion, amid shops housing fine and care­ fully executed works of the past, pro-

28 Sandlapper By Karen J. Amrhine

'I'

traditional casting, but he and Ross re­ Above, seated at a worktable in Tauscorleo Studio, where other hand­ cently have been experimenting with the crafted jewelry is displayed, Bill Jamieson (right) admires a stone casting of natural objects such as flowers Sam Ross has just mounted and filled with a small animal figure. or insects. Left, Bugsy Chevrier goes through the various procedures for Prices for Tauscorleo pieces can range casting a piece of jewelry with Ceci Dreier and Manning Williams ob­ from a few dollars to $400, and materials serving before he displays the finished ring. used may vary from ceramics to cast bronze, silver and 18-karat gold.

August 1973 29 In working with gold, Jamieson has found that "the higher the karat, the WINGS AND WHEELS ANTIQUE AIRCRAFT MUSEUM easier the metal is to work with; it's more malleable." The 18-karat pieces, however, wear out more quickly than the ones of sturdier 14-karat gold. "So we advise . - 14-karat gold for wedding bands. Hope­ ' d •• .. ~ fully they'll be worn a long time," Jamie­ son grinned. Rings are perhaps the studio's best sellers. "People who are undecided about what to buy will choose a ring over other articles," noted Ceci Dreier, a member of the studio work force. Chevrier pointed out that people often wear rings even if they don't wear other jewelry. "There's usually more emotional significance to a A museum of transportation history with over 100 planes and cars and other paraphernalia in a beautiful natural setting. FEATURING. Pan American Airline's original Ford Trimotors. America's first steam passenger train "The Best Friend of Charleston". A Duesenberg, vintage I 030.

COMING EVENTS April Antique car meet May Antique Aircraft Fly In June Experimental Aircraft Assn. Fly In July Annual Children's Day Air show, largest in state, on Labor Day. Train rides, sky divers and other entertainment planned especially for the enjoyment of children.

Tauscorleo Studio produces pins, barrettes, belt buckles, rings, earrings and ornamental objets.

ring than to any other piece of jewelry," he explained. Belt buckles, pendants and silver bracelets are also popular items at the studio. The melange of skills found at Taus­ corleo Studios supplies inspiration for studio members. "Bill might make some­ thing that turns me on. And that will set me to do something similar, but differ­ ent," Williams explained. "We stumble on things spontaneously here." The designing and crafting of jewelry

WILLIAM AIKEN WALKER, born in Charles­ Title Size Edition Price is not limited to the four men. Through ton, S. C. and recognized as one of the Great AW 101 COTTON FIELD 13x20 2500 $40.00 Jamieson's classes converts continue to be American Painters and Chroniclers of a bygone AW 102 OLD GABE 13x20 2500 $40.00 AW 103 ZELDA 13x20 2500 $40.00 era in Southern History. The well known firm AW 104 FAMILY WASH DAY llXlJ 4000 $20.00 discovered, such as David Seithel, a young of Currier and Ives published in 1883 and '84 AW 105 ENO OF THE DAY llxl3 4000 $20.00 AW 106 1,SE COVERED THE ROOF llxl3 4000 $15.00 apprentice in the studio. Jamieson knows the prints "Southern Cotton Plantation" and AW 107 DRYING THE WASH llxlJ 4000 $15.00 11 New Orleans Levee Scene," that today are of another man who is seriously consider­ valued as some of the highest priced works by ing the jewelers' trade after retirement this firm. It is fortunate for us that Walker from his current job. chose to paint what many considered, at the HERITAGE PRINTS LIMITED time, to be a very unexciting subject. In doing Charleston has a heritage of fine crafts­ 208 King St. so he has captured and preserved a great manship. And through endeavors such as heritage for the generations that follow him. It Chas., S.C. 2940 I (803) 723 - 4061 is with th is preservation in mind that we offer Tauscorleo Studios, the tradition is con­ this series of fine reproductions of the paintings tinuing. of William Aiken Walker. Karen J. Amrhine is on the staff of the Charleston News and Courier.

30 Sandlapper ~

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ound and color and motion assault the senses from every side. The hordes of Sfun seekers, most of them children, carom through Plantation Square and Indian Thicket and Country Crossroads like tumbling shards of glass in an enor­ mous sunlit kaleidoscope. Flags fly. Balloons soar. Brightly paint­ ed cable cars swing lazily from lines hung like giant cobwebs across the cornflower sky. Fountains sparkle among the mag­ nolia, laurel and palmetto, and along the walkways saucy blossoms bow like tiny geishas to the passersby. A barbershop quartet and a band of troubadours test their lungs against the clanging bell of a passing trolley. Some­ where over yonder swells the rumbling roar of mechanized hollow logs cresting the peak of the Flume Ride, followed a moment later by screams of carefully fabricated terror as windblown passengers are plunged abruptly but harmlessly along a chute into the water below. From there-and there-and there­ rises the throb of tom-toms, the shrill complaint of a steam engine's whistle, a warning blast from a sternwheeler about to cast off ... and from all directions, enveloping it all in a noisy coccoon of lighthearted, lightheaded madness, the breathless laughter of delighted children. Ringo the Raccoon is relaxing in the employees' lounge with his feet up and

Frivolity is the raison d'etre of Carowinds. Visi­ tors can tour the park aboard the Melodia, left, accompanied by Ringo and Carolion, or journey by water-on either stern­ wheeler or Indian canoe-right. The popu- lar Flume Ride, above, hurls its passengers to an unexpected splashing.

Sand lap per his head on the floor beside him. On his America's newest theme park, which,-its face, the college-boy face that pokes up promoters boast, is larger than Disney­ out of the raccoon suit like a wild onion land in California and nearly twice the growing from a bale of peat moss, rivulets size of Six Flags Over Georgia, outside of perspiration draw shiny parentheses Atlanta. around an expression of harried exhaus­ Since every theme park must have a tion. theme, Carowinds emphasizes the history "Why is it kids go crazy every time and heritage of the two Carolinas-de­ they see somebody dressed up like an lightfully if not always accurately-be­ animal?" he wheezes. "Whoo-eee ! I bet I ginning just inside the main entrance with said 'hello' to 5,000 of them this morn­ Plantation Square, a typical 19th-century ing, and every one wanted to stand main street and shops, and a miniature around and talk and shake hands." waterfront modeled after old Charles "What are you complaining about?" Town's. asks a pretty redhead wearing a candy­ An Indian Thicket evokes the heyday striped pinafore over matching hotpants. of the Cherokees and Catawbas, who "You're the star of the show. It's you apparently spent most of their time per­ they come to see." forming hotfoot dances and peddling "Carowinds' answer to Mickey $1.98 souvenirs to the palefaces. In the Mouse," Ringo mumbles to no one in Queen's Colony, visitors are afforded a particular. "Don't they know no sensible glimpse of how it was in the early days of raccoon would be caught out on a day colonization, while Pirate Island is said to like this? I swear, it must be 100 out recall "the adventuresome days when there, and 200 inside this getup." pirates roamed the coast." Edward Teach The redhead, who looks as though never had it so good. someone with a 12-gauge shotgun has hit The Carolinas-heritage theme appears her in the face with a double load of to have eluded the designers when they freckles from very close range, puts a dreamed up Frontier Outpost, where peri­ glass of iced tea into the fuzz-and-latex odic gunfights in the shadow of a gold Charlotte." Ringo · hand. "If you don't like what mine somehow better reflect the good old His next big venture, in 1958, was the you're doing," she suggests, "why don't days a little farther west. But they got purchase of an old U.S. Navy ammunition you see if you can get a job on the flume wonderfully back on the track with depot south of Charlotte-a $2-million or selling ice cream or something?" Country Crossroads, a representation of investment he parlayed into a sprawling "Shoot, you girls have all the soft jobs rural life in this part of the country that industrial park called Arrowood. Seven nailed down already." would warm Erskine Caldwell's heart. years later, with 40 firms doing business "Women's lib," grins the redhead. The Civil War and its aftermath having there, Hall sold the property to Southern "Humph!" snorts Ringo, who is having been neatly disregarded, the last stop on Railways for $6 million. difficulty negotiating the glass of tea up the tour through time is Contemporary While he was building his business to the college-boy mouth. "All I can say Carolinas, where, to no one's surprise, reputation and his fortune, the flamboy­ is, I wish we had a little raccoon lib rock groups cavort on an ultramodern ant redhead nurtured a dream which had around here." stage and mini-racing cars circulate first come to him on a tour through Outside, revolving slowly upward, a around a vest-pocket Darlington Speed­ Disneyland in 1955: what a similar park blue doughnut-shaped observation cap­ way. could do for the Carolinas. But the dream sule winds itself around a thrusting pier No one would call any of this history. remained nothing more than that until of steel and concrete, carrying wide-eyed It is amusement, pure and simple, good 1969, when, he recalls, "I kept waiting spectators to see for themselves, from a clean fun in the best Walt Disney tradi­ for somebody to build it, but I finally vantage point 340 feet above the ground, tion (although they do not like to talk realized that if it was going to be done I'd what this phenomenon called Carowinds about Disney at Carowinds), unadulterat­ have to do it." is all about. ed corn that is best expressed by the Although many Charlotteans scoffed From way up there, they can see clear young conductor on the narrow-gauge at the immensity of Hall's theme park to Charlotte, 10 miles to the north, and railway who intones, as the train pulls proposal, Charlotte News' Editor Perry to Rock Hill, 11 miles south. They can into Black Bear Station: "Now, all you Morgan wrote: "This outsized fellow with see a monorail train carrying newcomers folks be careful at Frontier Outpost. his country touch and his computer mind from the vast parking lots. They can see Why, they're so tough there they don't has an excellent track record on convert­ 102 structures covering more than a even obey the law of gravity." ing visions into reality; he is thorough, quarter-million square feet, 1,500 new The man behind all this is Earl Patter­ leaves little to chance, and never piddles trees, 3 million square feet of pavement, son Hall, known more familiarly around around. 10 million gallons of water in man-made Charlotte as E. Pat, a onetime office boy "If such a project can be carried rivers and lakes. whose Midas touch has made him, at 52, through to success, Hall, with his know­ Carved out of 73 acres of flat, red-dirt one of the Carolinas' most successful how, drive and determination, is the man, scrubland, Carowinds sprawls smack developers. probably the only man, who can do it." across the Carolina state line just off I-77. Hall got his first foothold in business And, of course, he did it. The main entrance, built in the style of shortly after World War II, when he began Although frivolity is Carowinds' raison an antebellum plantation house, straddles buying up abandoned cotton mills and d'etre, the park was conceived and built the line like a center over a football, and worn-out machinery. Using the mills as on what seem to be very firm economic a yellow strip of concrete running inward warehouses, he reconditioned and repair­ foundations. Its prime market area falls from there is said to mark the very place ed the machinery, building an enterprise within a 100-mile radius, with a popula­ where the two states meet. of which he once said: "Ninety percent tion of more than five million. Some 16 Three and a half years and more than of the people who are looking for used million people live within 250 miles, an $25 million went into the creation of machinery sooner or later come to easy day's drive.

34 Sandlapper Left, an overview of the 73-acre theme park reveals the numerous activities available to visitors. Carowinds' carousel, right, a German structure now over 100 years old, is the only double-decker operating in the United States.

Projected attendance during the first boat, from the mine train roller coaster to too stomach-churning to enjoy. The tod­ year of operation is 1.5 million-a figure the narrow-gauge locomotive-with the dler will get a kick out of the locomotive that may very well be exceeded. Operat­ result that long lines develop at the Melodia that pulls open cars around the ing only on Saturdays and Sundays, entrance to each. On a busy day, the park's perimeter, and out of the riverboat Carowinds attracted close to 250,000 visitor can expect to cool his heels for as that waddles briefly across a small pond, visitors between March 31 and June 2, long as 30 or 45 minutes waiting to climb and perhaps out of the jalopies that when it converted to a full seven-day-a­ aboard a ride. bounce through rutted fields, with dad at week schedule. Plans call for the park to Food and souvenirs, of course, are not the wheel. But it's doubtful that he'll sit be open every day during the three included in the price of admission. If you still long enough to get to the head of the summer months and only on Saturdays want a hot dog or an ear of buttered line. and Sundays in April, May, September, corn, an onyx bunny or a felt Carowinds The best place for the very young at October and November. pennant, you'll have to dig a little deeper. Carowinds, after they have been pried off Besides the 73-acre amusement area, Food is varied and plentiful-the 14 the canopied electric buses that shuttle the Carowinds complex includes 50 acres serving facilities range from the Hungry back and forth between the parking lot for parking (capacity 5,000 cars)-and Brave snack bar in Indian Thicket to a and the main entrance, is Carolina Cross­ another 40 acres for service, support and seafood restaurant on Pirate Island-but roads, which seems to have been con­ buffer areas. The entire property, more again the wait is long and tedious. Most ceived with preschoolers in mind. Besides than 1,000 acres in size, eventually will of the snack bars and cafeterias seem a rustic carrousel powered by a docile house motels, restaurants, campsites and woefully understaffed. mule and a hayride behind a tractor, an office-industrial complex. An adjoin­ Forecasts prepared by the Carowinds there is a delightful petting zoo where ing condominium community is already developers estimate that most guests will kids can come eyeball-to-eyeball with under construction. stay at the park for seven to eight hours. sheep, goats, rabbits, turkeys, donkeys, In terms of dollars and cents, Caro­ At least one third of this time probably even an incongruous ruminating llama. winds officials reckon the park could will be spent waiting in line to eat, ride or Inside the farmyard barn, stalking in mean as much as $55 million a year to see a show. Despite this shortcoming, apparent bewilderment around a stall at the Charlotte-Rock Hill area. The initial however, letters to the park management the rear, is an even more incongruous investment alone, they say, represents are predominantly favorable, with most baby elephant. $10 for every man, woman and child in guests remarking on the facility's impec­ Pushchairs are available on a grab-it­ Mecklenburg and York counties. cable cleanliness and the friendliness of and-run basis, but they have a way of A smile and $20 will buy mom, dad its employees. disappearing if left unattended for more and two young kids into this playground, Informed that adults are admitted to than a few minutes. The best bet for which differs from most othefs in that Carowinds, a little girl in one of its radio those who cannot leave their youngster at the price of admission ($5.75 for adults, commercials replies: "Oh, I'm sorry to home would seem to be a backpack in $4 for children under 12, plus 50 cents hear that." She has a point-adults only which the child can be slung papoose­ for parking) includes unlimited enjoy­ dilute the magic of the park, which has style and forgotten. After the first hour ment of the various rides and entertain­ clearly been designed for youngsters be­ or two of all that color and activity, he'll ments within. tween the ages of about 7 and 12. be asleep anyway. The weakness of this system is that, Grown-ups have no function except to having paid out that kind of money, the carry the money. Thomas B. Butler Jr., a native of Spartan­ average visitor feels compelled to avail Nor does Carowinds offer a great deal burg and a former Reuters correspondent, himself of as many rides as possible-from for the preschool child, who will find the is on the staff of the Spartanburg Herald. the log flume to the sternwheel excursion majority of the rides too fast, too high or

August 1973 35 ups, lost calls and lost motion ·a11 Card Dialing sets arid there is no Hmit to the tly to your company o'r business. number of cards which may be coded and used. you do about it? Talk to your B. Speaker Phones let you quickly set up Southern BeU Communications Specia~ist. He'll direct conferences and meetings by phorre and thoroughly analyze your present talk hands free-whether it's across town or communications system and compare it to your across the country. Designed to be flexible, needs-both present and future. If he thinks these models feature exceptionally clear voice ,, what you've got is fine, he· 11 tell you so. If he transmission. thinks it's costing you time and money, he may C. Data-Phone®Data Sets provide a means recommend some of the equipment above. of.quick efficient input/output communication Why not invest just a minute of your valuable with EDP equipment over the nationwide time and find out? Call 800-241-8937 toll free telephone network. between8:30and 5 PM, Mondaythru Friday. (In D. PBX Systems offer such features as direct Georgia the toll free numb~r is 800-282-8916.) inside or outside dialing, automatic routing of A. Card Dialer Sets let you "dial" quickly and incoming calls, quick transfer of calls, compact automatically with individual plastic cards. size and much more. Each card is completely interchangeable among You just can't beat our system. ~· ,~ ?-~" y ,.o Take a lesson from Butch. (The pros do.)

"Watch the ball as it bounces, as it comes up, as the ball hits the strings." "You need a little more follow through on that backhand." " Keep that wrist firm. Don't let it relax." You know that it's not quite right, but you don't know exactly what's wrong, and everyone has a different opinion. If you could have just a few lessons with a real pro ... Now you have the chance to take lessons from Butch Trellue, so highly regarded by the United States Professional Tennis Association that they've authorized him to set up the country's first pilot program for tennis pros. Butch is Director of Tennis at Palmetto Dunes, where he has introduced many of his unique teaching concepts like videotape stop-action. In addition, his ranking system puts you with a player of like ability, for more fun and progress. And his patented fencing system around our fast-dry, double court clusters makes playing more private and enjoyable. The rest of Palmetto Dunes Resort is just as exciting. Like our famous Robert Trent Jones golf course, our mind bending George Fazio golf course (to open later this year), gourmet dining at the Inn, swimming pools, nature trails and just plain relaxing on our private three mile long Atlantic beach. Call or write for full details, and take lessons from Butch. Villas are available for rental , and Palmetto Dunes also has condominiums and estate homesites available for purchase. (This offering is not available to residents of New York State or other states where prohibited by law. ) ID Palmetto Dunes Resort Inn PO. Box 5628 Hilton Head Island. South Carolina 29928 (803) 785- 2151 Developed by Palmetto Dunes Resort, Inc. , a Subsidiary of Phipps Land Company, Inc. n a recent midweek morning, backhand and service. skeptics who harbor doubts about the a trio of frisky 13-year-olds When the public address system in "arrival" of tennis as a major participa­ 0 bounded into the waiting room the terminal barks out a boarding call, tion sport down in Dixie have been of Raleigh-Durham Airport. A genera­ the three young men scoop up their going about for the past two years or tion or so ago, their idle chatter would racquets and dash for a. plane taking so with their eyes clamped shut. have been peppered with the names of them to a two-week tennis camo in the 'There are a number of factors be­ ( DiMaggio, Reese, Mantle and Campa­ mountains of western North Carolina. hind the sudden wave of interest in nella. Today, however, their heroes Their appetite for the grand old tennis, not just here in the Southeast, have different names and a different game of tennis is typical of what is but all over the country," said Don game - Laver, Emerson, Stan Smith. happening all over the Southeast. From Woodworth, president of Atlanta-based Drysdale, Richey, paragons judged not northern Virginia to the coast of Geor­ Club Consultants. by the number of roundtrippers or gia, tennis has been discovered. It has For one thing, the emphasis on phy­ stolen bases. but on the merits of their taken off on jet-powered wings. Any sical fitness has made a growing num-

38 Sandlapper Way ·:~ Down South, In the Land of Tennis

By Bill Schemmel, Illustration by Don Adair ber of people cognizant of the need Southeastern climate, which seemingly than that. for more exercise. Now, let's face it. would be ideal for tennis, may have "Due to the heat and humidity, When they get their exercise, most peo­ been a deterrent factor. Southerners usually head for the water ple want to be having fun at the same "In the winter," he explained, "The during the summer. Now, though, with time. Lifting weights and doing a lot Southeast is generally mild enough that the large number of indoor, air­ of boring situps and leg raises simply people can take up other outdoor pur­ conditioned facilities being built all doesn't interest a lot of people these suits. On the other hand, in the north­ over the Southeast, a tremendous days. east and the midwest, where tennis has number of people are taking up tennis "Tennis fills the bill. It's an exciting traditionally been very strong, the game the year around." sport. It's fast. It's fun and it's a form is played all winter in indoor, heated Television exposure, he added, has of recreation that the whole family centers. Chicago, for example, has also had a great bearing on the sudden can participate in together." about 75 indoor courts. Boston prob­ rush of tennis enthusiasm. Ironically, Woodworth said, the ably has 35 or 40. New York has more "Until recently," Woodworth said,

August 1973 39 "there wasn't a great deal of televised Racquet Club threw open its new 22- rently has two Lay-Kold and three clay tennis. This was mainly because of the acre, 20-court layout in Shipyard Plan­ courts in play. By early next year, two uncertainty about the length of a tation. Ten of the new courts are fin­ more Lay-Kold courts will be opera­ match, which kept potential sponsors ished in the new Highland surfacing tional. Beech Mountain, a resort near at bay. However, a few years ago the material. Developed by the 3M Com­ Banner Elk, has four Grasstex courts. 9 or 12 point tie-breaker was intro­ pany, Highland surfacing is a fast­ with an additional eight Lay-Kold and duced. This enables the television net­ drying, cushioned synthetic that pro­ Grasstex courts seeing activity before works to figure rather closely how Jong motes a zesty spin, uniform bounce and the end of this summer. a match will run. Now, people sitting minimized shock to legs and body. Six Adams Apple Racquet Club, also at at home can develop an interest in of the new courts are finished in Lay­ Banner Elk, has six Grasstex courts tennis and tennis personalities by Kold surfacing. The remaining four playable. Next summer, Adams Apple watching them on television, just as golf are clay. will be twice as large. Three of its half­ fans have done for years." One of the hottest new facets of dozen new courts will be indoors and In days of old, the standard recrea­ tennis at Hilton Head is platform ten­ air-conditioned for year-around action. tional equipment at the average resi­ nis, a game played on a mini-sized, 20- At Adams Apple, resident pro Bob dential community included a swim­ feet-by-45-feet-court, painted onto a 30- Light has scored a major coup by ming pool and perhaps a putting by-60 aluminum platform hemmed in lining up former U.S. Davis Cupper green and a shuffleboard alley. These on all sides by a tightly-strung 12-foot Butch Buchholz as a tennis consultant. days, though, new developments in high screen. Each student is assured two teaching Richmond, Norfolk, Charlotte, Greens­ The State of Virginia is rapidly de­ sessions per week under Buchholz's boro, Columbia, Atlanta, Savannah and veloping into a racquet hotbed of major tutelege. other cities are being equipped with proportions. At present, there are 558 Grove Park Tennis Center, outside indoor and outdoor tennis courts as courts in the Old Dominion signed with Asheville, has four fast-dry clay courts. part of the standard fixtures. the United States Lawn Tennis Asso­ The Pinehurst Tennis Club, operated New racquet clubs are being char­ ciation (USLTA). The number of in­ alongside five 18-hole golf courses and tered, and being sold out before they door facilities is a good barometer of a myriad of other temptations, can can even get operational. Tournaments tennis fervor in Virginia. put netters on a dozen courts. Ten of are being initiated and playing before Five or six years ago, indoor courts them are Vol-Play (composition) , and packed galleries. Summer instructional were as rare as dinosaurs. Since then, the other two are Lay-Kold. camps are springing up everywhere. 16 have been built in Metropolitan In the center of the Tar Heel State, Although the game is taking hold Richmond alone. There are four others the Tanglewood Tennis Classic, at all over the region, the vortex of en­ at Newport News, four at Norfolk and Tanglewood Park in Winston-Salem, thusiasm undoubtedly is centered at a like number across the state at drew a large professional field and Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. Lynchburg. sizeable crowds August 7-12. Among What other area so concentrated can During the past year, Virginia has the professional participants were Jeff boast of the services of talents as large hosted five major professional tourna­ Borowiak of Berkeley, Calif., Gerald as that of former Wimbledon winners ments, with total attendance so im­ Battrick and Graham Stillwell of Great Billie Jean King and Stan Smith? pressive that others are already lined Britain and Haroon Rahim of Pakistan. Mrs. King has been enlisted as tour­ up for next year. On the amateur Any doubts that Atlanta has taken ing pro for the Hilton Head Racquet front, the Home Beneficial Tourna­ tennis under its Metropolitan wing in a Club. Smith serves in the same capac­ ment, the state's largest junior net com­ big way were dispelled last spring when ity at the Sea Pines Racquet Club, on petition, drew some 500 entrants. Two a record 48 ,000 net buffs paid their the opposite end of the island. While it years ago, this same tournament at­ way into the Peachtree Corners Inter­ has no former Wimbledon winners in tracted only about 200 entries. The re­ national Tennis Classic at Georgia its fold, Palmetto Dunes, the third cent Richmond City Tournament at­ Tech's Alexander Memorial Coliseum. major Hilton Head developer, is also tracted 500 young men and women. The classic, with a $50,000 purse heavily involved with tennis. While tennis talents as great as that and $10,000 first prize, was won by By 1975, Palmetto Dunes will have of Richmond native Arthur Ashe are Stan Smith, in a pulsating victory over a lavish new 20-court setup, to go along hard to come by, Virginia enthusiasts Australian Rod Laver. Laver assauged with the 11 courts currently in play. point to a number of youngsters who his pride by teaming with Roy Emer­ Butch Trellue, tennis pro at Palmetto show promise of making it to the pro­ son to win the doubles championship Dunes, has won several awards for his fessional ranks. Part of this is due to from Roy Maud and Andrew Pattison. creative design in double court clusters. the large number of public courts The nearly 50,000 who attended With 25 operational courts, the Sea available in various areas of the state, the tournament March 19-25 broke the Pines Racquet Club has been a focal and to the recent proliferation of all­ former record - 43,000 at Rotterdam, point of national tennis interest via the weather indoor centers. Holland - for a first-year professional television screen for the past three Traditionally, golf has been the un­ tournament. years. Two years ago, such stars as Rod disputed sports king in the cool, green Due to the tremendous initial suc­ Laver, John Newcombe, Tom Okker highlands of western North Carolina. cess, sponsors of the tournament have and Arthur Ashe battled in the Sea While undoubtedly still No. l in the endorsed a committment to continue Pines Tournament of Champions. The hearts of the thousands of outdoor en­ their sponsorship for a minimum of following March, the club was host to thusiasts who flock to the area's many five more years. 16 World Championship Tennis greats resorts and camps, golf is getting ever­ The tournament is symptomatic of in a tournament videotaped for nation­ stiffening competition from tennis. the tennis fever currently gripping the wide television. This past spring, 16 Nearly a score of instructional camps city. Public courts are perpetually jam­ WCT stars competed in the CBS Ten­ have sprung up, along with a growing med, and new apartment and condo­ nis Classic. This was followed by the group of multi-phase resorts that are minimum communities are finding tennis NBC Family Circle Women's Tourna­ putting a major emphasis on tennis courts a lucrative lure to prospective ment, featuring the highest purse ever facilities. tenants. offered a woman in sports competition. The Western Carolina Racquet Club Among the new tennis layouts plan­ In mid-summer, the Hilton Head at Black Mountain, for instance, cur- ned for the Georgia capital are:

40 Sandlapper - -,- The Hilton Head RaC(ll!et Club wasrlt ·ust built for aKing. A ing I from the courts to the pro shop. Which means you'll play on 20 championship courts, in­ helped cluding an exhibition court, with your choice of playing surfaces - buildit. Laykold, 3M Highland, or clay. You'll shop in one of the best pro shops anywhere. It's all located along with a championship golf course and luxurious condominiums in the heart of Shipyard, a plantation of The Hilton Head Company, on one of the most beautiful stretches of beach in the world. Amateur or pro, if you'd like to play on a king's court call (803) 785-3311. The Hilton Head Racquet Club. Tennis Billie Jean King isn't just Club of Kings. One of whom lending her famous name as is named Billie Jean. touring professional of the Hil­ ton Head Racquet Club. She has lent her talent, experience and know-how as tennis superstar to the design and development • of one of the finest tennis facil­ HILTON HEAD ities of its kind in the world. RACQUETCWB She helped in every stage At Shipyard Plantation:, Hz"lton Head Islan~ South Carolina. - The Atlanta Racquet Club, north­ east of the city near Roswell. which wi ll include eight indoor air-conditioned courts, a minimum of eight outdoor buying a racquet courts, along with courts designed for squash, paddleball and platform tennis. - Stoneleigh Racquet and Swim According to industry estimates, there Balance - Manufacturers do not mark Club, featuring 10 outdoor courts and will be approximately $80 million worth racquets for balance because of the in­ an inflatable-cover court area for sum­ of tennis racquets sold through pro ventory problems this would create for mer play. The tennis facilities will be shops, sporting goods stores, depart­ the retailer. However the experienced or the centerpiece of a $25 million, 600- ment stores, and other retail outlets in serious player should consider the bal­ condominium residential community. 1973. ance of a racquet when trying to dupli­ - The East Lake Tennis Club, at Like the racquets the pros use, most cate a favorite old racquet. Most racquets East Lake Country Club, which will of the racquets for sale at your loca I are 27" in length so the center point may have six indoor, year-around courts. shop are either made of wood or metal be determined by measuring 13 112'' up In addition, Christie Developers is (steel or aluminum) although there is from the handle or butt end of the rac­ pl anning a center at Lenox Square in an increasing number of exotic, rather quet. If the racquet balances on a ruler high priced, $50 and up racquets, made or a straightedge at this point, it is said northeast Atlanta that will include six of space age materials. to be "evenly balanced." Here is where indoor and six outdoor courts. Duke One manufacturer's top of the line the physicists agree with the teaching Enterprises, one of the sponsors of the racquet is made of a fiber glass rein­ tennis professionals - both scientific Peachtree Corners Tennis Classic. has forced foam core which is then sand­ evidence and practical experience prob­ plans for a 16-court indoor center. wiched between two pieces of high ably indicate that an evenly balanced At St. Simons Island, on the Georgia tensile aircraft grade aluminum. Another racquet is correct for the average tennis coast, Sea Palms, a multi-phase resi­ racquet-maker features racquets made player. Some advanced players might dential and resort community, recently from carbon reinforced, high strength consider racquets that are either "head opened a major outdoor tennis complex polymer materials. light" or "head heavy." A racquet that is that includes nine championship courts All tennis racquets, regardless of "head light" is one where the balance whether they are made from wood or point measures less than 131/2'' from the of composition surface. By the fall metal, have common specification ranges, end of the handle; the converse is true of 1974, Sea Palms Racquet Club will which are used by all manufacturers and of a racquet which is heavy in the head. boast of three more composition courts pertain to (1) grip size (2) overall weight The balance point can differ as much and eight additional hard-surface of the racquet (3) balance, and (4) flex as l " in racquets made by the same courts. or relative stiffness. manufacturer so, it is always wise for The King and Prince Hotel, also on Grip - Most tennis players are familiar the serious player to check the balance. St. Simons Island, has three all-weather with the grip size designation of 41/2L, A survey of some two dozen world class courts in play and will have another 10 45/aM, 4%H, etc., stamped on the shaft touring tennis pros, both men and wom­ all-weather and three granual courts of the racquet. The fractional designation en, revea Is that 22 out of the 24 use rac­ quets that are either light in the head or ready by the spring of 1974. means that if you use a tape measure to measure the circumference of the handle evenly balanced. The Cloister Hotel, on adjacent Sea with the leather grip in place that it Flex - Like golf clubs, tennis racquets Island, has 14 Teniko surfaced courts, will measure 4112", 45/s", 4%", etc. Grips differ in stiffness from very flexible or adding to the facilities of one of the range from 41.4" for a child's racquet all "whippy" to more rigid or stiff racquets. nation's most outstanding resorts. the way up to 5", but the most common Generally speaking, aluminum racquets Only a few short years ago, tennis sizes are 41/2'', 45/a", and 4%". There are are more stiff than steel racquets where­ was virtually foreign to sports en­ severa I theories as to the best grip size as wood racquets vary greatly in flex thusiasts in the Southeast. It was a based on the size of one's hand, how­ from some of the very stiff Australian game played by a few well-to-do elite ever, as a practica I matter it is a matter racquets to the flexible Davis models. on carefully guarded courts. But times of "comfort" or "feel" and personal pre­ The stiffer the racquet, the more control have drastically altered that picture. ference. Many tennis professionals say it will impart to the ball. that a 4112'' grip or a 45/a" grip is the The first tennis racquet strings were The game has been discovered by a right size for about 80% of the adult made from silk or steel. Today, lamb wide;! cross-section of Southerners, who players. gut, beef gut, or nylon are used. Nylon have adopted it as their own. Weight- The L, M, or H stamped on strings are less expensive and will last Its possibilities seem limitless. the racquet next to the grip designation, longer than gut, but gut is a natura I indicates the weight range - Light (less product that can be supplied in light than 13 1/2 ozs.); Medium (between 131/2 gauges (thinner string with a lesser and 14 ozs.) or; Heavy (over 14 ozs.) . number of threads). Most tennis profes­ From the I ightest to the heaviest, the sionals say that gut plays better and weight range is only about a 2 oz . (12112 gives you more spin on the ball. ozs. to 14112 ozs. including strings) dif­ ference, but it represents a great differ­ In summary, it might be wise for the ence in the playability of a racquet. Here average beginner to start with a name again, personal preference enters in. brand, medium priced, evenly balanced, Even though many tennis coaches will wood racquet of fairly stiff flex. Then disagree, the old myth that tennis power have it strung at 55 to 60 I bs. of tension or "pace" is increased by a heavier rac­ with a good grade of nylon string. A grip quet has been pretty much refuted by of 4112 11 or 45/a" and a strung racquet scientific methods; so, when trying out weight of between 13 ozs. and 13% ozs . racquets, experiment with a lighter is probably the optimum for the average weight racquet rather than one in the tennis player. As your game improves, 14 oz. heavy range to see if you exper­ your persona I preferences as to weight, ience an increase in power. Within the balance, etc., will undoubtedly change, weight range of 13 ozs. to 133/4 ozs. with most probably several times before you strings in place, 90% of the tennis play­ settle on the correct racquet for your ers will find a suitable racquet. type of game. - Don Woodworth

42 Sandlapper sec h you live in You may think it's your first home. And and the golfing capital of the world. you may think you're looking for a sec­ You find meticulously-appointed low­ ond home. A retreat. An escape. A lux­ rise Garden Condominiums arranged as urious hideaway. though nature put them there. You find But then you discover Briarcliffe an unusual clubhouse. Swimming pool. West. Tennis. And suddenly your thinking does a You find serenity near the sea. complete about-face. You realize you've You find. Home. been living in your second home all Off Highway 1 7 at Briarcliffe Acres. along. P.O. Box 2450, North Myrtle Beach, S.C. Because here you've found the last 29582. Telephone (803) 272-6126. unspoiled shoreline on the East Coast r------l

1 Mail to: Briarcliffe West I Box 2450 I North Myrtle Beach. S. C. 29582 I If you 'd really like to own your own little piece of Myrtle I Beach. just fill in the coupon and we 'll rush you more ~; I information about Briarcliffe West. 1 I Name 1 ,.I' I Address 1 I I City Briarcliffe I I State Zip @J~tao, I L_ ------___ J We are pledged to the letter and spirit of U.S. policy for the achievement of equal housing opportunities ~ throughout the Nation. We encourage and support an affirmative advertising and marketing program in L:J which there are no barriers to obtaining housing because of race, color, religion, or national origin.

ithin the coastal plain of South Carolina, that low, often swampy Wregion of the state sloping gently from the hilly Piedmont to the sea, is a variety of natural habitats. Once covered by the ocean, the plain was built up from material washed down from mountain streams. Now it offers shelter to life forms with many different needs in areas ranging from pine barrens to prairie-like savannahs, from coastal marshes to deep inland swamps. South Carolina still can boast of a few deep cypress swamps, although these are constantly endangered because drained swampland provides a fertile base for agriculture. Much attention has been paid to the celebrated Four Hole Swamp between Harleyville and Holly Hill. The Nature Conservancy and the National Audubon Society recently purchased 3,415 acres of this swamp to preserve it for generations to come. A second swamp, much smaller in size than the Four Hole, but no less interesting, is located in the Francis Marion National Forest, some 25 miles northeast of Charleston near Awendaw. Known as the Little Wambaw Swamp, the area has long LITTLE been known as a haven for many en­ dangered species of plants and animals. The U.S. Forest Service, recognizing the natural value of the swamp, desig­ WAMBAW nated two parts of it as a Scenic Area and a Natural Area in 1963. The Scenic Area is a wedge-shaped segment of swampland SWAMP totaling 1,025 acres and completely sur­ rounding the 60-acre rectangular Natural Area. By Robert H. Mohlenbrock Jr. Little Wambaw Swamp is considered to be a coastal plain depression which hairs radiating from the surface of the serves as a collecting basin for the sur­ leaves. Small insects are caught in the rounding uplands. It is not uniform in sticky secretion from these glands and are character throughout. The deeper parts of unable to escape. Digestive enzymes again the swamp have standing water in excess go to work to destroy the insects. of two to three feet throughout the year. Finally, in isolated little colonies is the Shallower depressions are scattered rarer venus flytrap. Found only in the throughout the Scenic Area. Here and Carolinas and adjacent states, these curi­ there are open ponds, the habitat of ous plants have leaves like steel jaws. long-legged water birds. Hinged down the middle with sharp Shallow water along the edge of the projections along their outer edges, the road leading to the swamp reveals a leaves of this plant will close immediately myriad of colorful wild flowers from when their inner surface is touched. mid-May to late September. Several Unable to escape from the viselike grip, species of wild orchids and gorgeous hapless insects die before the leaves open. members of the mint and pea families can Only primitive hiking trails penetrate be seen. Of great interest are the plants the interior of Little Wambaw Swamp which trap insects. Most common is the Scenic Area. These trails pass by occa­ pitcher plant, whose leaves, nestled at the sional open ponds. At these forest open­ base of the plant, are modified into ings wading birds such as the wood ibis, elongated tubular pitchers with a hinged glossy ibis, white ibis, three kinds of lid at the top. Into these pitchers fall egrets, two kinds of bitterns and six kinds unwary insects, unable to escape from the of herons may be seen. Many warblers plant because of downward pointing hairs flitter in the trees which tower above on the inside of the pitcher. After death, Little Wambaw Swamp in the these ponds. Most exciting of these is the insects are destroyed by digestive Francis Marion National For­ Bachman's warbler, thought by ornithol­ enzymes which the pitcher has secreted. est, top, is a haven for wild ogists to be one of the rarest birds of Very different, but still hazardous to plant and animal life. Above, eastern North America. This species has insects, are the sundews. These rather the Carolina buttercup bright­ not been observed in Little Wambaw small plants have sparkling gland-tipped ens the edges of the swamp. since 1963, but the conditions seem right

August 1973 45 Above, the deeper parts of Little Wambaw have standing water in excess of two and three feet throughout the year. The insect-eating pitcher plant, right, is one of the many unusual wild plants found in the swamp.

for sighting it again. Wild turkeys can be about two inches across and appearing in seen in other parts of the swamp. May and June. The grayish-brown trunk Rare birds are not the only wildlife is usually fairly smooth. The red bay, an which abounds in Little Wambaw Swamp. evergreen with thick, firm, elliptic leaves, Alligators may be in the swamp, and is a member of the laurel family. Its fairly good evidence of them was ob­ flowers are not particularly noteworthy, served when we last visited there. Cotton­ but the red-stemmed clusters of blue mouths and other snakes are common. berries are most attractive. The loblolly White-tailed deer, raccoons and possums bay is a handsome member of the camel­ are plentiful in the area. Among the lia family with beautiful flowers up to predators are bobcats, red foxes, minks three inches across contrasting with and weasels. Of the smaller mammals, bright evergreen leaves. This tree, or gray squirrels and cottontail rabbits are sometimes shrub, begins to flower in the most abundant. early July and continues to bloom for Now and again the trail passes through several weeks. The reddish-brown, deeply a pocosin, a boggy region dominated by a fissured bark is distinctive. number of evergreen trees and shrubs. A number of rare or uncommon Sweet bays are here, as are red bays, shrubs thrive in the swamp, one of the loblolly bays, yaupons and several shrub­ most notable of which is the witch alder, by members of the heath family. The an early-spring-blooming member of the sweet bay is really a magnolia with witch hazel family. creamy-white, fragrant flowers measuring The very heart of the Little Wambaw

46 Swamp Scenic Area is impenetrable by trails. Sixty acres of this deep swamp have been designated a natural area. Here, no timber can be harvested and the cutting of timber to suppress insect or disease attacks will be limited to those attacks which might seriously impair the natural value of the area. These deeper portions of the natural area have the least amount of diversity of plant and animal life. Here, most of the trees are bald cypresses and tupelo gums. The bald cypress, a needle-bearing distant relative of the pines which drops all its needles during autumn, has spherical one-inch­ diameter cones, usually clustered at the ends of the branchlets. This tree has the peculiar ability to send up woody, cone­ shaped "knees." The knees, which may reach a height of 6 feet, apparently aid the tree in the exchange of gases. The tupelo gum has large oval leaves which sometimes have a coarse tooth along the edges. Long-stalked purple, kidney­ shaped fruits are produced during the late summer. Like the bald cypress, the tupelo gum often has a swollen trunk base. Little Wambaw Swamp Scenic Area is located three air miles northeast of the village of Awendaw, just off U.S. 17. The most interesting approach to the area is by way of graveled roads maintained by the U.S. Forest Service. From the junc­ tion of S.C. 45 with U.S. 17 at Moores Corner, near McClellanville, take S.C. 45 northwest toward Honey Hill and James­ town. After about two miles, S.C. 45 crosses the historic Old Georgetown Shem Creek Road. In another 11h miles, it crosses Forest Service Road 211. Turn left onto FS Road 211 and continue for nearly two miles until crossing Mile Road. It is at this crossing that FS Road 211 becomes FS Road 220 and is called Murrell Road. For another two miles, Murrell Road winds generally westward until it forms a junc­ tion with FS Roads 220A and 221. Turn left, or south, onto Road 220A. Shortly Little Wambaw Swamp closes in around you. Road 220A follows along the east­ ern boundary of the Scenic Area, finally becoming impassable by ordinary vehi­ cles. The establishment of the Little Wam­ baw Swamp Scenic Area has preserved an area of old growth timber along with related flora and fauna in a relatively undisturbed condition. It protects a By number of endangered species of plants Thomas P. Ford and animals and affords remarkable op­ portunities for study of plant and animal is available in limited quantities from life typical of coastal swamp areas. Carolina Prints & Frames Signed and numbered $25. 00 Dr. Robert H. Mohlenbrock Jr., chairman Signed only $15.00 of the Department of Botany at Southern Postage $1.50, S.C. Sales Tax 4 percent Illinois University and author of numer­ ous books and articles in his field, has Carolina Prints & Frames spent considerable time studying the 158 King Street Francis Marion and Sumter national Charleston, S.C. 29401 forests. Phone 803 - 723 - 2266

August 1973 47 Phipps Land Company is a highly di­ versified real estate development and investment company that is better known for its high quality developments and subsidiaries than as a corporate entity. Some examples of Phipps developments are: Palmetto Dunes, a 1800 acre resort development on Hilton Head Island, S.C. , Peachtree City, a 15,000 acre new town near Atlanta; Northside 75 office park­ urban center in Atlanta; Phipps Plaza, a Our Community major Atlanta shopping center; Plaza House, 600 high rise condominiums adja­ cent to Phipps Plaza; Snapfinger Woods, of Interests a 1400 acre planned unit community just east of Atlanta; and Phipps-Harrington Corporation, mortgage bankers with offices in Georgia and Florida. Although we are headquartered in Atlanta, Phipps Land Company is presently in­ volved in real estate activities in California, Florida, Maryland, Texas, New York, South Carolina and Puerto Rico. Most of these activities are of an investment and finan­ cial nature which include investment lending, investment in joint ventures managed by others, real estate securities, and land acquisition for future development. Whether it's our own developments or a financial interest in other real estate projects, the unifying philosophy of Phipps Land Company could be summed up in one phrase: "A commitment to quality in every phase of real estate." The Company believes that a well planned real estate project viewed from a long term perspec­ tive should contribute to a better quality of human life. Along with profit, the prime goal of our business enterprise is to create innovative Is an Interest living environments on a human scale. So when we say "we create land values" it means more than Just real estate appre­ in Communities. ciation. A whole lot more.

Phipps Land Company, Inc. WE CREATE LAND VALUES

We would be happy to send you our annual report. Write James C. Booth, Jr., Director of Public Relations I Advertising, Phipps Land Company, Inc., One Northside 75, Atlanta, Georgia 30318. Fishing Creek Church By M. S. Gaston arely a week passes that someone driving an out-of-state car does not Bstop in central Chester County to ask directions to Fishing Creek Presbyterian Church. The church, whose roots were formed with the earliest settlement of the Piedmont, today stands about 100 yards from its pre-Revolutionary site, not far from the original Charleston-Salisbury highway. The church site is at a crossroads, each road leading only to another road. Huge trees behind the church and in the ceme­ tery tell the church's age in a way history books never could. 1-77 is expected to follow the old highway, opening the area to development never before possible. Today's church still serves descendants of early settlers, and its session books -Phot os by Mrs. E. W. Crews show the settlers' westward migration through the dismissal of family groups and larger units. First rolls of the church include the names Davis, Latta, Carr, Chambers, McClure, Gaston, Porter, Wright, Anderson, Walker, Bishop, Mc­ Culloch, Elliot, Armstrong, Brown, Thom, Loman, Knox, Boyd, Strait, Mills , Gill, McHugh and Miller. Their descend­ Fishing Creek ants come today from all over the coun­ Presbyterian Church try to trace their ancestors back to combines a Fishing Creek. modern exterior, Records of 1752 show that a Rev. above, with a Brown preached to a congregation on the more traditional in­ west side of the Catawba, and in 1753 a terior; the pews, Rev. Rea visited the congregation to right, are hand-planed. baptize children. This beginning produced Lower and Upper Fishing Creek churches, war casualties and westward migration. the area. He was noted for his violent the latter known today as Fishing Creek In 1798 John B. Davies was called as opposition to labor on the Lord's Day. Presbyterian Church. Together they call­ minister. Session books during his minis­ One Sunday dinner hostess drew Mrs. ed a minister, the Rev. Miller, in 1755. try show the church served as judge and Saye aside and whispered that she had a After 1758, William Richardson served jury for the congregation: Women were ham for her, but knowing the minister's these churches and Waxhaw. No informa­ chastized and dismissed for drunkenness; feelings, hesitated to offer it on Sunday. tion is found in Presbyterian records of men were criticized and suspended as Mrs. Saye reportedly answered, "Have the churches until after the Rev. Richard­ elders for faulty baling of cotton; youths one of your sons slip it in the buggy. One son's mysterious death in 1771 when were admonished for dancing. of mine will find it tomorrow. What he another minister, John Simpson, was call­ During the 1830s, Fishing Creek estab­ doesn't know can't hurt him." ed by the two churches west of the river. lished Uriel congregation midway be­ Several ministers have served the con­ He and his congregation posed such a tween it and the Chester Courthouse. gregation since his death, including the threat to the British that Banastre Tarle­ Lower Fishing Creek united with another Rev. Clarence D. Fouse, present minister. ton's troops attacked the church during church near Beckhamville and formed Fishing Creek Presbyterian Church was worship hours on June 11, 1780. Having Cedar Shoals Church. remodeled in 1958 when an education learned of the planned attack, however, Slavery became a church issue in the building was added. Yet the hand-planed men of the congregation were away with 1850s. Slave members brought before the pews with draft boards reaching to the Capt. John McClure's troops. session were charged with talking free­ floor date from an earlier time. In the The British vented their frustration by dom among themselves. They were rep­ traditional manner, collections are taken destroying and burning the Rev. Simp­ rimanded, read selections of Scripture to in velvet bags attached to long poles. son's ·home. His family hid in the woods, show their ordination to slavery and sent By today's standards, the congregation later salvaging what they could. Members back to their farms to relay the session's is small. Yet the contribution made by of the congregation also participated in feelings. this church to its community, state, the Battle of Fishing Creek, the first The Rev. James Hodge Saye, who was nation and God has been considerable. colonial victory after the fall of Charles­ called by the church in 1860 and served M. S. Gaston is a correspondent for the ton. The Rev. Simpson left the churches there until his death in 1892, recorded Mecklenburg Gazette in Davidson, North when membership decreased because of much of the history of Presbyterians in Carolina.

August 1973 49

History Illustrated

Disaster, Deceit, Despair: Three Preludes To The Indian Wars

By HENRY SAVAGE JR.

Preparations for an Indian banquet were hen the English first came to Carolina, elaborate and time-consuming, but the the coast between the mouth of the final results were considered worthwhile. w Santee and Charleston harbor was the domain of the Sewee Indians. Along the brackish 'ti! their successful Return. The Wind presenting, they creeks and shallow bays were their villages, groups of set up their Mat-Sails, and were scarce out of Sight, circular huts covered with palmetto leaves. The when there rose a Tempest, which it is supposed mounds of seashells they constructed mark even carryed one Part of these Indian Merchants by Way of today the sites of those long-gone communities. The the other World, whilst the others were taken up at Sea, by an English Ship, and sold for Slaves to the Sewees were the seaside clans of the great family of Islands. The Remainder are better satisfied with their river people, including the Santees, Waterees and Imbecilities in such Undertaking, nothing affronting Catawbas, which ethnologists know as the Siouans. them more than to rehearse their Voyage to England. In retrospect there is bitter irony in the fact that it Rum and disease took their toll of those left was the Sewees who so warmly welcomed the Carolina settlers' ships here at their first landfall on behind by the expedition until, being too few to survive alone, the remaining handful (mostly women) the coast. For the Sewees, that visit marked the pulled up stakes and headed upriver to join their beginning of the end- the loss of their domain and still-powerful kindred, the Catawbas. Less than 40 the obliteration of their nation in but two genera­ years had passed since they had joyfully carried Gov. tions. Traveler John Lawson was there and wrote an Sayle on their shoulders and given the "stroking" account of their tragedy soon after it happened: compliment to his "Bony Conraro Angles." They, seeing several Ships coming in, to bring the English Supplies from Old England, one chief Part of Throughout the colonial history of Carolina the their Cargo being for a Trade with the Indians, some Cherokee Nation was by far the most numerous and of the craftiest of them had observed that the Ships came always in at one Place, which made them very powerful Indian group in the Southeast. Traditionally confident that Way was the exact Road to England; they were friends of the English and enemies of the and seeing so many Ships come thence, they believed Creeks and the French. They, their mountains, and it could not be far thither, esteeming the English that the balance of power they maintained against the were among them no better than Cheats, and thought Creeks and Creek allies served as the bulwark which that if they could carry the Skins and Furs they got themselves to England, which were inhabited with a frustrated the eastward expansion of the French from better Sort of People than those sent amongst them, the Mississippi. And only through their friendship and that then they should purchase twenty times the protection could the Carolina trade paths to the west Value for every Polt they sold abroad, in consideration around the southern end of their mountains have of what Rates they sold for at Home. The intended Barter was exceeding well approved of, and after a been opened and maintained through the years. general Consultation of the ablest Heads amongst But Indian relations were never a settled fact, and them, it was nemine contradicente agreed upon, the Indians were never apathetic in their relation­ immediately to make an addition of their Fleet, by ships. If they were not friends, ipso facto, they were building more Canoes, and those to be of the best Sort and the biggest Size, as fit for their intended Dis­ enemies-and probably active ones. Consequently, covery. Some Indians were employed about making constant competitive wooing was the order of the the Canoes, others to hunting, every one to the Post day. he was most fit for, all endeavors tending towards an Taking advantage of the disgraceful conduct of able Fleet and Cargo for Europe. The Affair was mercenary English traders, many of whom had carried on with a great deal of Secrecy and Expedi­ tion, so as in a small Time they had gotten a Navy, adopted cheating ways and overbearing manners, the Loading, Provisions, and Hands, ready to set Sail, French were in the ascendancy in 1730_ Concerned leaving only the Old, Impotent, and Minors at Home, over what at any time might happen, even those

August 1973 51 traders who had been living in the mountains for in 11 days. years were leaving one by one to await events at a As they approached Keowee, all but the heedless safe distance. Back in Charles Town, the colonial baronet were fearful of the reception they might authorities were enormously concerned. Suddenly, encounter. It was only Sir Alexander's confidence beyond the hopes of even the most optimistic, as if and enthusiasm that persuaded them to go on in the by magic everything changed, and suddenly the face of warnings picked up along the way. So British were again completely dominant among the sustained, with a great show of pomp and dignity Cherokees. they marched into the town, down through the rows A dream had wrought this change. Back in dour, of log cabins, in front of which silently, with drizzly Scotland, a lady had had a dream. That lady inscrutable expressions on their faces, stood the was the wife of a Scots baronet who, in addition to village citizenry. Undaunted by their cool reception, being the lady's husband, was a fearless adventurer, the visitors marched down the path to the town's formerly an officer in the Russian army, an inquiring central structure, a great low building with a single scientist, an eloquent lawyer, an amazing bluffer, opening-a door at one end. There at the town house perhaps even an accomplished hypnotist, and an the procession halted. Summoning the village head unconscionable scoundrel and swindler. That man man, Sir Alexander demanded a meeting that night was the restless, half-mad mystic, Sir Alexander with all the old men and warriors of the village. Cuming. In addition to Curning's companions, 300 Indians As the romantics of today dream of the South assembled at the appointed time around the cere­ Seas or Shangri-La, in 18th-century Britain they monial fire that burned in the center of the town dreamed of what lay behind their coastal American house, their impassive faces still disturbingly conceal­ settlements. So Lady Cuming dreamed of America: ing their attitude towards their uninvited white her husband should go there, into the country guests. And impassive the Indians remained, even behind, on a voyage of discovery. when, to the utter horror of his more experienced Her dream took hold of Sir Alexander's fertile companions, in walked Sir Alexander armed with a imagination, and he followed it across the sea, cutlass, gun and three cases of pistols, as well as a arriving in Charles Town in 1730. In the colonial sword under his great coat, in open defiance of the capital, he introduced himself as an astute banker heretofore inviolate native custom which prohibited with financial acumen that would produce great arms in the town house. Through his uneasy inter­ returns for those who invested funds in his secret preter, Sir Alexander began to address the gathering. enterprises. His air of supreme confidence and his With eloquence and gusto, he told of the power and ready bluff soon attracted investors, who in a matter greatness of England, the glory of her king and the of weeks received handsome returns on their invest­ necessity that the natives submit themselves to his ments. The news of these quick profits brought a rush Majesty's sovereignty. He then completely terrified of new investors. Soon everyone of consequence in his companions by directing the assembled old men, the city was investing with the brilliant banker. It head men and warriors to kneel in token of allegiance later developed that these dividends were being paid to the king, telling them that if they refused "they from the money of the later investors as bait to would become no people." In response to this daring attract others. Later, after his bubble had burst, those demand the proud, liberty-loving Cherokees knelt in he had duped broke open his offices to gaze bitterly "a submission they had never before made either to at a "treasury" of rubbish and scrap iron. But that is God or man." Even admitting that these Indians did ahead of the story. not fully comprehend the import of their act, it is While Sir Alexander was still riding high in impossible to account for Sir Alexander's success Charleston, he suddenly resolved to visit the Chero­ without granting him something akin to hypnotic kee nation, from whence were coming those increas­ powers. ingly disturbing rumors of an imminent uprising The very next day, with an enthusiastic accompa­ against the English. With the assistance of- but niment of Keowee warriors, Sir Alexander pushed on contrary to the counsels of- the leading citizens deeper into the Cherokee country. As news of the involved in the Cherokee trade, including Col. George magnetic Scotsman went ahead, with receptions ever Chicken, the Cherokee commissioner, he set out with growing in fervor, he was welcomed at "Occuny ," a pack train for the west. At an incredible pace he "Che to ogah," "Tu charrechee," "Estatoway ," pushed his party up through the Cooper River "Nooulfkah," over the Greak Smokies to "Telliquo" plantations to the Santee, through the prospering and then on to distant "Tannassy ." Everywhere he plantations of the French Huguenots, through the was received with songs and dances; more significant­ Congarees Post near present Columbia, past Ninety ly, everywhere he was stroked with eagle tails, the Six and on into the high mountains to the nearest supreme honor within the gift of the Cherokees. important Cherokee town of Keowee. In spite of Sir Returning eastward, accompanied by the famous Alexander's continual botanizing and mineralizing Moytoy and Jacob the Conjuror, Sir Alexander's along the way (through country so wild that sleep party of travelers had swelled to a great triumphal was difficult because of the wolves "making a hideous procession, culminating in a day of solemnity on noise about them"), and delays incident to killing "a April 3rd at Nequassie, where there was a great buffalo, a viper, a Fox Squirrel and 'wounding' three gathering from all the Indian settlements at which Wolves," all in one day, through rain and cold, with another "declaration of obedience" was made. The horses lamed by the pace, they covered the 300 miles next day a group of warriors was selected to return to

52 Sandlapper England with their beloved new friend to attest all these happenings to the king himself. Back in Charles Town, after cramming all these events and a thousand miles into just a month, Cuming promptly made arrangements for passage for himself and his native witnesses to England. A few days later, amid pomp and ceremony, he and his seven Cherokees set sail aboard his Majesty's man-of­ war Fox. In London the Cherokees were an immediate success, becoming the sensation of the day. The press and the public made "generals" of the warriors and "kings" of those in the party who happened to be closely related to any village head man back home. They were presented to the king, who entertained ' > ';. ~ - .,':°"' .c--~ ' -~ them at dinner and lodged them at Covent Garden. ff .,..,. .~"'"'~..,;..~ ~ "'· ' - .· "· ' .;;.:::;.',:; ~ ' At the king's feet Sir Alexander laid the Cherokee t, "crown" of dyed opossum fur and eagles' tails, The English were fascinated by exotic together with several scalps, all to symbolize the Indian customs and were eager to intro­ submission of the Cherokee Nation. The Indians were duce visiting Indians to their own practices. extensively feted, shown all the sights of interest, painted by portraitists, and altogether were so shame­ lessly flattered that, when the time came to talk business and a formal treaty was suggested, what else settlers paid little regard to whether the lands they could the poor, illiterate savages do but accept the were taking up were within or without the ever-re­ unfair terms with the same docility that they had ceding boundary of the Cherokee Nation. A crisis shown in accepting the overwhelming attentions that became inevitable. had been showered upon them? At this period England and France were involved To complete the story of Sir Alexander and the in a desperate worldwide struggle, the American Cherokees a somber epilogue is necessary. Even while phase of which we know as the French and Indian the Indians he brought back with him to England War. Consequently, the Mississippi Valley French were being lionized, Cuming was shoved into the were making an all-out effort to precipitate a war background, to the great distress of his devoted between the Cherokees and the English. Their blan­ Cherokees. Repeatedly they asked for him, and they dishments and propaganda were successful with the refused to sign the treaty unless he signed for the western Cherokee leaders, but most of those of the English. They were saddened and mystified by his middle and lower towns remained loyal to the English sudden eclipse. And well they might have been, for in spite of their accumulating grievances. no doubt the news of the baronet's Charles Town The pressures of these conditions gradually con­ swindles, which came by the next ship, was kept from verted the peace that was to endure "from generation them that the exalted English might not lose stature to generation" into a state of sporadic undeclared in their devoted eyes. war; border incidents occurred with increasing fre­ For Cuming, their "Beloved Man" among the quency. The settlers punished Cherokee horse steal­ whites, the future was even darker than that of the ings with bloody raids into the Indian territory, only tragic Cherokees. He was to spend 20 of the 23 years to invite retaliation in the form of scalping and left to him first in debtors' prison and then in the house-burning forays into the settlements. This was poor house, where he died in 177 5, an obscure happening along the whole Cherokee frontier from pauper, but possessed still with the Cherokees' Georgia to Virginia. All-out war appeared inevitable. pledge: "We shall never forget him." In 1759 in the seaside trade capital, the South Carolina colonial government was in the hands of a The peace between the English and the Cherokees vainglorious governor, William Henry Lyttleton, who lasted for a quarter century. For awhile after the would eventually become Baron Westcote of Bala­ Cuming treaty, the colonial authorities made a real mare and enjoy great honors during his lifetime, but effort to improve the conduct of the traders and with whom history would not deal kindly. Thirsting effected some improvement. But in the wilderness the for military glory, inflamed by the recurring incidents conduct of individual traders was well nigh impossible and not wise enough to deal with them by fair play to control, and through the years the standards of the and diplomacy, the governor determined to lead a traders deteriorated to the point that a contemporary punitive expedition in to the Cherokee country. Carolinian called them "a shame to humanity, and a Learning of the proposed attack, the Cherokees disgrace to Christianity." The other great cause of dispatched a peace delegation of 31 leading men, tension, the pressure of the white settlements which many of them village chiefs, to attempt to negotiate a kept pushing back the Cherokee domain, increased peace. All they got from the governor for the pains of year by year. During the decade beginning in 1755, their long journey was an abrupt dismissal. He did when the influx of settlers into the Carolina Pied­ promise them a safe conduct home as they set out to mont took on the proportions of a land rush, the retrace the long course of the Santee, Congaree and

August 1973 53 Saluda to their country. But upon their arrival at the peace without victory. Congarees Fort they were arrested and carried back During the winter of 1761, to counter an antici­ to the English Ft. Prince George on the outskirts of pated renewal of attacks on the settlers, Gov. Bull their land. There the 31 were thrown into a room again appealed for outside assistance. In response, built to accommodate six, and there they stayed for Col. James Grant and a thousand regulars were sent days, until Attakullakulla-who, true to his pledge of to the suffering Southern colonies. With his regulars loyalty to the English, was in the West on the as the nucleus of his army, by March Grant was warpath against the French-arrived at the fort and leading a formidable force of 2,600 from Charles persuaded Lyttleton to release a few of the more Town towards the mountains. At Ft. Prince George prominent prisoners. But as for the others, the he was met by the faithful Attakullakulla, who again governor was obdurate in his demand that an equal pleaded for a chance to intercede for a peace that number of Cherokees be handed over for execution. might spare his otherwise doomed people. Grant This unreasonable demand the "Little Carpenter" refused his offer and moved against the Cherokee sadly protested he could not and would not meet. towns. During the next two months Grant's army Smallpox broke out among the troops at the fort, destroyed practically every remaining Indian town of and Lyttleton left in. haste. Back in Charles Town, he the lower and middle settlements, burning the houses, posed as a successful campaigner and was given a pulling up the crops of corn, beans and peas, and grand reception appropriate to a conquering hero. cutting down the orchards. Five thousand Cherokees Throughout the winter, Ft. Prince George, where were driven into the forest, where they were reduced the miserable hostages still languished, was subjected to the point of starvation, subsisting only on their to several attacks, one of them initiated by a remaining horses and wild roots. treacherous attempt on the part of the Indians to lure Grant then retired to Ft. Prince George, where the garrison outside the palisades. In retaliation, Attakullakulla appeared to make yet another plea for orders were given that the hostages be placed in his people. This time he was given the terms of chains. As the soldiers attempted to carry out those surrender, but they were too demeaning. Among the orders, they met resistance from the prisoners-some surrender conditions were that four Cherokees be of whom had knives concealed about them-where­ immediately handed over the British for execution upon the soldiers set upon the hostages and, they before the eyes of both parties and that four more being weakened from confinement, massacred them fresh Cherokee scalps be delivered to Grant within 10 all. days. As much as he desired to restore peace to his This act invited the full fury of the Cherokees. land, the Little Carpenter could not accept such Instantly the whole border was aflame. Raiding bands fiendish terms. Tireless in his devotion and still of warriors reached deep into the settlements, even undefeated, the old man set out down the long trail down to the Low Country, pillaging, burning and to appeal to Gov. Bull to ameliorate the conditions. plundering, killing and scalping without discrimina­ The governor received the old chief kindly, listened tion men, women and children. to his earnest plea and ordered more humane stipula­ Fortunately Lyttleton was now gone, and capable tions. William Bull was in his place. His appeals for outside Although success had crowned his in1mediate help were answered in the form of 1,200 regulars mission, it must have been a heavy heart that the old from Canada under Col. Archibald Montgomerie, Cherokee leader bore as he pushed his way homeward later Earl of Eglinton. By June this army, built up the Cherokee Path. His was the sadness of wisdom. around Montgomerie's kilted, bonneted Scotsmen, Thirty years before in London he had seen the might had pushed its way up to the headwaters of the of Britain. From that day he had known that only by Saluda where the lower Cherokee towns began. There living in amity with the English could the Cherokees they started a systematic and complete destruction of survive. Armed opposition to a people so powerful every asset possessed by the natives. Homes, granaries would mean certain self-destruction; so through the and cornfields were burned, orchards cut down and years, being steadfast in this wisdom, he had gained a gardens destroyed. When the Indians failed to sue for reputation for loving the English. But Attakullakulla peace, Montgomerie marched over the mountains to loved only the Cherokees, and to them he had high the middle towns, into the exquisitely beautiful Little devotion that never wavered, even in the face of Tennessee valley where battle was joined near the ostracism, disgrace and humiliation when the less-wise present Franklin, North Carolina. Although the firebrands were the idols of his people. Steadfastly Indians gave up the field, the damage they inflicted and tirelessly he strove for the acceptance of his and the difficulty of the terrain forced the invaders to people as persons deserving of respect and entitled to retreat. Montgomerie and most of his men soon rights. He lived to be a very old man but mercifully afterward returned to Charles Town and sailed back not long enough to drink the full bitterness of his to Canada. failure when, after years of mounting indignities, a Meanwhile, among the Cherokees the English had new government drove his people from their beautiful lost almost their last friend. In spite of the great mountain home to the unwanted barren, semi-desert tolerance of opinion traditional among this tribe, region of Oklahoma. feeling against the English ran so high after the destruction of the lower towns that even the honored Henry Savage Jr. of Camden is the author of Rivers of Attakullakulla had to flee with his family into the the Carolinas: The Santee, printed by the University mountain wilderness because of his desire to effect a of North Carolina Press.

54 Sandlapper • If you painted a pictare o·t Green~; you'd have to paint WFBC in somewhere, because, to. me, it's always been part _of the scene.· The temporal sequence of Facing the sandlapper bool~shelf Lions also goes far in preventing Washing­ ton from completely dominating the novel. The story begins with the news that Senator Anderson has died. Morgan GARDENS OF THE AMERICAN white and color photographs as well as flies South for the funeral and finds SOUTH. By John Wedda. 256 pages. drawings by the author, the text and himself suddenly thrust into a stream of Westover Publishing Company. $12.50. graphic appeal of Gardens of the Ameri­ recollections. Wicker's retrospective nar­ can South work together to paint a vivid rative method affords his characters and At a time in this country's history panorama of nature and man in near his reader the chance to view the city when preserving the beauty of nature is perfect harmony. from a rather curious stance, not wholly of paramount concern, John Wedda's John Wedda, well known for his from within the city but not wholly Gardens of the American South offers an award-winning watercolors, has had sev­ outside of it either. The result is a gentle, authoritative and colorful account of how eral one-man shows in New York, De­ but effective, blending of the city with man has used nature constructively to troit, Washington and New Britain. He the lives of three people who have spent create scenes of unsurpassed splendor. has served in the diplomatic corps and has much time within its borders. Morgan And perhaps no region other than the taught art and philosophy. His previous lives once again Anderson's race for the South hosts so wide a variety of gardens. books include New England Worships, Presidency, from its beginning in the Considering both the large public gardens But Not Forever, Sweet Land of Liberty, senate right through to its apogee, the of the region as well as the small private and Tomorrow Became Yesterday. In moment when Anderson almost grasps his ones, Mr. Wedda's garden tour through addition Gardens of the American South goal. The mystery of how Anderson the Southland takes the reader from has recently been chosen as an alternate attempted and failed to get the party Virginia's Mount Vernon to Louisiana's selection by The Southern Heritage Socie­ boss's support surrounds the reporter's Belle Helene, from New Orleans' French ty book club. JTB. reflections and generates considerable sus­ Quarter to Savannah's public squares. At pense. each stop, the author includes a fascinat­ But Morgan's remembrances are not all ing combination of history, description FACING THE LIONS. By Tom Wicker. political; Anderson and his wife are far and appraisal. 432 pages. The Viking Press. $7.95. more than political figures to be observed As one might expect, South Carolina objectively. They are personal friends figures quite prominently in Mr. Wedda's Tom Wicker himself surely faced the whose successes and failures, loves and perusal of Southern gardens. Altogether lions when he chose Washington as the hates are very much a part of Morgan's the author pictures and discusses eight scene of his latest novel. The subtlety of own life. The reporter compares his role gardens from the Palmetto State. Repre­ the nation's center of power has often as a political observer with that of Ander­ senting the extensive public gardens are proven too much for novelists. To com­ son, the man who descended into the Middleton Place, Magnolia, Cypress and press the city's complexity into a single political arena, faced the lions and even­ Brookgreen gardens. Four small private plot, is, to say the least, an undertaking tually was torn to pieces. Who was the gardens adjoining four of Charleston's for which few novelists have the ability. better man? The question remains un­ most splendid old houses balance the Wicker, of course, has the advantage of a answered. And also in the course of his chapter on South Carolina's gardens. thorough knowledge of the political reflections, Morgan reviews his relation­ Among the photographs with which the arena. Like Rich Morgan in the novel, ship with Kathy and particularly his author stocks this chapter, one particu­ Wicker has worked as a Washington cor­ feeling of having betrayed Anderson by larly deserves note. Mr. Wedda includes respondent for a number of years and has his affair with her. From the standpoint an aerial photograph of Middleton which thereby acquired an intimate understand­ of Wicker's technique, the importance ing of the nuances of political life in the here is that these personal reflections " nation's capital. But the journalist's cold, shift the reader's attention away from hard facts are not sufficient for the Washington while, at the same time, they novelist. For the latter, imagination must inject a sense of life into the scene. breathe life into the facts. Not only does Tom Wicker's Facing the Lions surely Facing the Lions attest to the strength of ranks with Warren's All the King's Men its author's imagination, but more im­ not just as an excellent political novel portantly, it demonstrates well his ability but, more significantly, as a stimulating to use that imagination as a means of and well-wrought work of fiction. Wicker controlling his unwieldy setting. demonstrates well his awareness of the Tom Wicker's approach to Washington pitfalls frequently found in this particular is an indirect one; he uses the Jives of brand of fiction and works to avoid them three characters as the lenses through with consummate skill. which he focuses on the city. Washington Born in Hamlet, North Carolina, Tom brings together Rich Morgan, Senator Wicker attended local schools, graduated shows the plantation's terracing and but­ Hunter Anderson and his wife Kathy. But from the University of North Carolina in terfly lakes to excellent advantage. Equal­ Morgan and Anderson are linked in yet 1948 and went directly into journalism. ly impressive is Mr. Wedda's quiet walk another way; they are both Southerners. After eight years with the Winston-Salem through the garden surrounding the home And indeed, while Washington looms (N.C.) Journal, he became associate of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Whitelaw in continuously in the background, the editor of the Nashville Tennessean. In Charleston. As the author points out, this actual setting of the novel shifts back and 1960 he joined the New York Times in garden "demonstrates anew how people forth between the capital city and the Washington and covered the White House, can live graciously in close proximity South. But in either place, Wicker un­ Capitol and national politics. He is the with their neighbors while preserving the failingly maintains his emphasis on the author of Kennedy Without Tears and history and tradition of the past." characters rather than on their environ­ JFK & LBJ: The Influence of Personality Lavishly illustrated with black and ment. Upon Politics. JTB.

56 Sandlapper RECONSTRUCTION, THE NEGRO, 1868-71, and the proceedings of the 1868 and carpetbaggers and viewed subsequent AND THE NEW SOUTH. Edited by Constitutional Convention, as well as the investigations of deposed Republican La Wanda and John H. Cox. Documentary dissenting "Respectful Remonstrance on administrations as neither impartial nor History of the United States series. 456 behalf of The White People of South conclusive. pages. University of South Carolina Press. Carolina, Against the Constitution of the South Carolina played a crucial role in $9.95. Late Convention of that State." Of in­ the question whether Negroes should gain terest also is James L. Orr's testimony confiscated lands. In January 1865, The status of the freed Negro was a before a congressional investigating com­ Negroes on the Sea Islands had come into question central to the national effort to mittee on the activities of the Ku Klux possession of tracts of land under an reconstruct the South, and though that Klan within the state. order issued by General Sherman. General effort ended in failure with the defeat of In 1876, South Carolina was "redeem­ 0. 0. Howard, director of the Freedmen's the Federal Elections Bill in 1891 and the ed" through widespread election frauds Bureau, came close to insubordination Plessy vs. Ferguson decision in 1896, the and the threat of violence. The election but failed to secure lands for the majority question of status has continued as a returns were contested by the Republi­ of these Negroes. The Coxes include here central theme in Southern history. The cans, and for a time South Carolina a report and correspondence by Howard selection made by the Coxes develops this experienced the chaos of two governors and the debates of the South Carolina theme through the words of a large cast and two houses of the legislature. When (Republican) General Assembly on the of directly involved characters. The peri­ President Hayes withdrew federal troops land question. od from 1866 to 1900 is covered through from the statehouse in April 1877, Re­ Finally, there is an excerpt from The letters, excerpts of congressional debates publican resistance collapsed, and Demo­ New South Investigated, written by D. and hearings, reports of officers of the crats were left in full control. Once they Augustus Straker, who teaches at Allen federal government in the field, reports to were in power they relied increasingly University. authorities from interested (and often upon refined methods of election fraud Reconstruction, the Negro, and the sympathetic) whites and from persecuted rather than upon overt intimidation and New South is a rich tapestry of the blacks, excerpts of books of the period violence. Included here are the circulated postwar era, the conflicts that shook it, written about the Negro problem and campaign plans for the South Carolina the setbacks suffered by both the black conditions in the South and a variety of redemption and an account by Sir George and the South and the progress made other material concerning the status of Campbell, a member of the British Parlia­ toward racial equality and regional im­ blacks. ment who visited the United States in provement. This collection provides a real The Coxes argue that Republican par­ 1878 and evinced particular interest in and immediate sense of what Reconstruc­ tisanship meant more than a vindictive the "black question." Campbell, much as tion, the Negro and the New South were desire to punish the defeated South or a modern revisionist historians have done, all about. shrewd calculation to further party and commended the laws passed by blacks individual fortunes. They deny the belief still entertained by many that the Recon­ struction governments in the South were overrun by incompetent and ineducable BOOKS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF Negroes. What does seem to be fact is that the partisanship so often scorned and SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS condemned may well have operated as a powerful force for constructive change, and the lessening of identification be­ PERSPECTIVES IN SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY: tween Republicanism and the black man's The First 300 Y ears cause may well have contributed to the failure of Reconstruction. Most responsi­ Edited by ERNEST M. LANDER, JR., and ble for the failure of Reconstruction, the ROBERT K. ACKERMAN Coxes think, was the massive civil dis­ obedience practiced by the South. And the Supreme Court itself was "monu­ WILD FLOWERS IN SOUTH CAROLINA ~ mentally" responsible for the failure. As By WADE T. BATSON ~ for the Reconstruction governments, Negroes as legislators and officeholders constituted a minority in the Republican PAPERBACKS: state governments. Constructive achieve­ ment marked the period, particularly in FOLK SONG IN SOUTH CAROLINA the form of new constitutions and free Tricentennial Booklet Number 9 school systems. By CHARLES W. JOYNER Included in Part One are the major documents of the Republican postwar A SOUTH CAROLINA CHRONOLOGY, 1497-1970 legislative record. Part Two concerns the Tricentennial Booklet Number 11 power blacks actually held in the South By GEORGE C. ROGERS, JR. CHARLESTON GHOSTS and how they were treated, the process of By MARGARET RHETT MARTIN redemption and the economic condition of the Negro, especially the failure to secure landholdings for him. South Carolina was entirely repre­ UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS sentative of the South at large, and a Columbia SC 29208 number of documents reflect conditions in the state. Included are various acts of I the Republican General Assembly,

August 1973 57 ONE OF SOUTH CAROLINA'S august weather BEST KEPT SECRETS -Prepared by H. Landers, N.0.A.A. National Weather Service Climatologist for South Carolina

Rainfall of 1/10 inch or more occurs on 1 out of 4 days in the driest areas and on 1 out of 3 days in the wettest areas of the state. Monthly average amounts range from 6 to 7 inches in the coastal plain and mountains to about 4 inches in a strip running from York and Cherokee counties to McCormick and Abbeville counties. The rain is mainly in the form of showers and thunderstorms. Tornadoes are rare in August although occasionally waterspouts will be seen in the coastal areas. A tropical storm or hurricane visits the state in about 1 August out of 5. The largest August rainfal-1 was 22.49 inches at Long Creek in 1940, the greatest 1-day total was 11.65 inches at GALLERY, L TO. Anderson on August 25, 1908.

Maximum temperatures average about 90 degrees on August 1 and drop 3 degrees by August 31. Minimums also drop 3 degrees during the month from the high 60s. We have the largest Temperatures of 90 degrees or higher occur on 1/2 of the days in the cooler locations selection of limited and on 2/3 of the days in the warmer areas. Temperatures of 100 degrees are edition wildlife works. experienced occasionally. The highest August temperature of 109 degrees was measured at several locations in 1925. The lowest was 46 degrees measured at Aiken in Stop by and browse 1905, at Caesars Head in 1930, at Union in 1968 and at Johnston in 1969. through our unlimited selections. PRECIPITATION

Probability of Receiving At Least the Amount of Greatest on THE Location Rain Shown Record LONESOME ( inches) (25%) (75%) , DUCK GALLERY.LTD. 1 chance 3 chances COUGNY PLAZA, HILTON HEAD ISLAND, S.C. 29928 in 4 in 4

Aiken 6.19 3.13 14.09 Beaufort 9.30 3.60 14.51 Camden 6.58 2.73 14.42 Charleston 7.90 4.47 16.71 Cheraw 7.00 2.70 14.41 Chester 5.28 1.87 15.23 Clemson 7.05 3.31 14.14 Columbia 6.30 2.76 16.72 Conway 7.11 5.12 14.78 Georgetown 7.69 3.19 19.49 Greenwood 5.98 2.18 14.68 VISIT HISTORIC Kingstree 8.83 4.78 13.96 Orangeburg 8.22 2.69 12.01 FORT Spartanburg 6.63 2.12 19.75 SUMTER TEMPERATURE NATIONAL MONUMENT CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA August 1 August 31 Records Max. Min. Max. Min. Highest Lowest ~~~C - ~ Aiken 90 70 87 67 107 46 Beaufort 89 72 87 69 101 47 A colorful boat trip is your introduction Camden 91 68 88 65 105 52 to this famous fort where the Civil War Charleston 89 71 87 68 102 58 began. A guided tour is conducted by Cheraw 91 68 88 64 106 49 National Park Historians. Only tour boat Chester 90 67 87 63 105 47 to Ft. Sumter. Leaves Municipal Marina Clemson 89 67 87 64 104 52 several times daily. Columbia 92 70 89 67 106 53 Conway 91 70 88 68 106 51 Georgetown 90 72 87 69 104 56

Fort Sumter Tours Greenwood 90 68 87 65 107 50 P.O. Box 59 Kingstree 91 70 88 67 105 51 Charleston, South Carolina Orangeburg 91 70 89 67 106 53 Spartanburg 89 66 86 63 103 48

58 Sandlapper AUGUST~~~ AGOODTIBE TO GET A BEAD START ONTOUB CBBIBTHAB &BOPPING!

Sandlapper makes a great Christmas gift, and August is the perfect t ime for ordering Christmas subscriptions. Through August 3 1, you can purchase twelve issues for $9, twenty-four for $ 17.00, or thirty-six for $25.00 After that date, the subscrip- tion rate wil l increase.

To give Sandlapper as a Christmas gift, com­ plete the form be low (or facs imile) and mail it along with a check for the appropri­ ate amount. Sandlapper wi ll make sure that your gift subscription begins with the month you indicate.

Sandlapper--the al I-year-round Christmas gift!

(PLEASE PUT ADDITIONAL ORDERS FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS ON A SEPARATE SHEET) For your convenience, use the return envelope enclosed in this magazi ne. ------__ ...... ---- - Sandlapper If this is a gift, please complete P. 0. Box 1668 the following: Columbia, S.C. 29202 SEND TO: From NAME,~------~

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D New State D Renewal Subscription to begin with issue. D Gift Zip Code Leisure Living

HILTON HEAD RACQUET CLUB

ne of our greatest American archi­ is being constructed on a 22-acre, beauti­ tects, Frank Lloyd Wright, often said fully wooded site north of the Atlantic Othat in architecture and land plan­ Ocean beach. ning, it is difficult to improve upon The clubhouse proper will serve as a nature. The blending of patterns, forms, buffer between the entrance parking area area and color to make structures of the and the secluded, private grounds of the site rather than on the site is the key to club. creating a warm, friendly atmosphere Court viewing will be facilitated by a which will put people at ease. two-level clubhouse, overlooking the ten­ The Hilton Head Co. is attempting to nis courts in general and the exhibition create such an atmosphere with its tennis court in particular, and by the large, facilities at the Hilton Head Racquet Club elevated pro shop in the middle of the 20 in Shipyard Plantation. The racquet club courts. The pro shop will also be the main control point for tennis. Large terraced areas and lawns will produce generous gathering areas for players and friends to relax and watch the matches. Of special interest to serious players will be materials used for court surfacing. Ten courts, including the exhibition court, will be finished with the 3M Co.'s new Highland surfacing material, a fast­ drying, cushioned synthetic which pro­ vides good ball spin, uniform bounce and minimizes shock to legs and body. High­ land provides good traction for players of every caliber. Six of the racquet club's other courts will be surfaced with Lay-Kold Surfacing, manufactured by Van Summer Co. of Charlottesville, Virginia. Four courts will be clay. Pete Collins, director of tennis for the Hilton Head Co., said some Lay-Kold courts were desired because of their harder, faster surfaces. "This is especially desirable for some younger players who need a fast court to stretch their full competitive potential," Collins explained. Courtside, covered cabanas by the side of every court will provide seating for both players and spectators. The open area between each pair of courts will provide space for walks, decorative court

60 Sandlapper curbing and landscaping on specially de­ handle drainage and allow spectators to Kamrath. signed vinyl-covered tennis fencing, pro­ view more surface area of the courts Karl Kamrath and Alschuler are pro­ ducing a garden setting. without disturbing the players. fessional architects who also have much Open areas between courts also will be Designated teaching courts for the experience as tennis players. Alschuler placement points for special tennis light­ popular TennisAmerica tennis camps and was a state tennis competitor and Kam­ ing, allowing the light poles to blend in for club teaching by the resident pro are rath is a former national champion in with the landscape. Lighting is the very situated to avoid interference with regular several divisions. latest for night tennis and is designed to club members. Special consideration has Alschuler founded the U.S. Lawn Ten­ produce minimum distraction, high levels been given to this in planning because, in nis Association (USLTA) Tennis Facilities of footcandles, even distribution and addition to the unsurpassed facilities, an Committee, of which Kamrath is a mem­ color rendition that is the most pleasing enthusiastic and active tennis program ber. Both are on the technical committee on skin tones and most acceptable for will be carried out by the club. of the U.S. Tennis Court and Track color television. Design consultants for the Shipyard Builders Association. They have been Each court is separately enclosed with project are Tennis Planning Consultants, a involved in the planning and design of 37 low fencing designed to minimize tennis specialized tennis design firm with offices indoor and outdoor tennis projects ball distraction but not interfere with in Houston and Chicago. The company throughout the country. spectator viewing or night lighting pat­ was established in 1970 and has been Kamrath is associated with the archi­ terns. This individual court design is an planner and consultant on over 100 ten­ tectural firm of MacKie and Kamrath of important factor for beginners as well as nis projects since that time. The princi­ Houston and Alschuler with the firm of advanced players. pals in the firm are Karl Kamrath, F AIA, Friedman, Alschuler and Sincere of Sloping of the courts will properly Alfred Alschuler Jr., FAIA, and Jack Chicago.

August 1973 61 In WatergateS wake

by Dan Rottenberg the chief executive himself was they were all along: artists and personally involved in crass illegality. performers, not moral preceptors; real That proof even that suspicion, could people subject-unlike the ch;;racters destroy the system.''-Stewart Alsop they often portray-to real human When Ingrid Bergman ran off to in Newsweek. weaknesses. The sooner we see our Stromboli with Roberto Rossellini, she "Americans take a certain public officials in the same light, the was denounced on the floor of the US amount of corruption for granted in better off we will all be. Senate as ' Hollywood's apostle of the middle and lower ranks of Yet the underlying premise of the degradation." The American public American politics, but in general they four quotes above is that the was so shocked that it was seven years assume-and, as a rule, soundly-that preservation of the American system before any of herfilms could be shown the only form of corruption at the depends on maintaining myths about here again. How, an outraged nation highest level is corruption of the the presidency. We have placed the of­ demanded with a single voice, could a spirit."-Richard Rovere in The New fice in such high esteem, they seem to married woman with children do such Yorker. say, that even if the President is guilty a thing with somebody else's husband "The effort at the White House we must pretend he is innocent. It's the and get pregnant, especially after she now is being geared to save President illusion that counts, not the truth, even had played a nun in The Be/Js of St. Nixon, according to a source in good if popular illusions vary pretty much at Mary's and a saint in Joan of Arc? standing there .. .. Anything less than the whim of the mass media, including That was twenty-four years ago. (H.R.) Haldeman's departure, along movies. Today the nation is threatened by the with the White House aides already For the current notion that potential smashing of an even more mentioned in the press, will fail to re­ Americans can't face the truth we can cherished illusion. As I write this, it is store the public's confidence in the thank movies like Seven Days in May, rapidly unfolding that some of the presidency, our informant which dealt with a military attempt to closest associates of President Nixon, if states. "-Irv Kupcinet in the Chicago overthrow the government and the not the President himself, consciously Sun-Times, before Haldeman's President's dual struggle to squash the committed an illegal act by planning, departure. revolt and keep the whole thing a or participating in, or at least being "My God, if it goes to the secret; the story assumed that public aware of the burglary and bugging of President, we've lost 200 years of knowledge of such an attempted coup the Democratic Watergate head­ American political history and we're would be almost as great a national quarters as well as other attempts to instant Togo. "-Anonymous calamity as a successful coup. Advise subvert the democratic process last Republican congressman quoted in and Consent offered us an evil year. There is hardly a commentator Newsweek. President who, fortunately, dies before around who doesn't believe these dis­ I don't know about that. In 1949 a his evilness could become public coveries wi 11 constitute a national lot of people thought the system was knowledge. The Gang's Al/ Here, the disaster. For example: endangered by a love affair between Lawrence and Lee play based on the "The American system is flexible, Joan of Arc and Roberto Rossellini. Not Harding presidency, similarly suggests and can take many wounds and hurts. only did we survive that crisis, we that Harding committed suicide in What it cannot take is the proof, even gained from it in the sense that for the order to preserve" my chance to get the strong, unresolved suspicion, that first time we saw movie stars for what my picture on a four-cent stamp." And

BLACK GIRL - A poignant little film about an Borgnine), who is determined not to let anyone bum a adolescent girl whose aspirations get lost in the shuf­ ride on his freight train. To figure out who wins, com­ fle: In a house inhabited by four generations of black pare their box office receipts. Robert Aldrich women, where men are rarely present, bitchiness and directed. PG jealousy feed upon themselves and there's not much hope for a girl who dreams of becoming a ballerina. A selective GODSPELL - A rock adaptation of the New Tes­ Director Ossie Davis has captured the self­ tament that will keep your prejudices greased, perpetuating cycle of many black women and with it a whether your bag is revealed religion or hippie in­ small piece of black truth, a rare commodity in a black guide to movies nocence. Lots of good songs and dances, sung and film these days. With Peggy Pettitt, Louise Stubbs, acted with conviction by a freak Jesus and disciples on Brock Peters; from J.E. Franklin's play. PG the empty New York sidewalks. Victor Garber plays the Big C; David Greene directed. G BLUME IN LOVE-George Segal , still in love with credibly simplistic dialog and a sparsity of characters his ex-wife, suffers through the agony of trying to win with whom we can empathize. Edward Fox plays the her back. Writer-director Paul Mazursky seems to would-be assassin. PG HITLER: THE LAST TEN DAYS - This film is a want very much to make an important, sensitive film, valuable tool for historians, just as the Standard but he has no idea of how to do it aside from Ornithological Sourcebook is a valuable tool for DEVIL'S NIGHTMARE - There are some borrowing from other films. Kris Kristofferson does a birdwatchers. Unfortunately, Hitler's last ten days wonderful Gothic horror moments in this good bit in his usual role as a faded rock musician; weren't very interesting, and despite the film's claims unabashedly Grade-B film about seven tourists who with Susan Anspach. R of careful research at least some of the dialog must be stumble upon a Black Forest castle that was cursed by based on conjecture-as when Hitler is alone with Eva the Devil in 1293. With Erika Blanc, Jean Servais; Jean Braun, for example. Still, there are some good insights DAY Of THE JACKAL- The John Erlichman award Brismee directed. Dubbed. R into the delusions of a madman and his sycophants: goes to director Fred Zinnemann for this story of a Distributing pictures of himself so that future mild-mannered private eye who foils a plot to as­ EMPEROR Of THE NORTH POLE - Railroad buffs generations will remember what he looked like, Hitler sassinate DeGaulle by tapping every telephone in will get a charge out of this two-dimensional Depres­ explains: " I don't want to happen to me what Paris. Aside from the unfortunate timing of its release, sion-era duel between the king of the hoboes (Lee happened to Christ ... With Alec Guinness, Doris the film suffers._from stock characterizations, in- Marvin) and the king of the trainmen (Ernest Kunstmann; Ennio De Concini directed. PG

62 Sandlapper to be sure, Harding's death was primary purpose was to prevent those were editorialists in Germany in the extremely timely, considering that in government from interfering too 1930s who hesitated to call Hitler a most of the scandals of his ad­ much with the lives of private citizens. madman because they didn't want to ministration didn't come to light until Yet today we are told the nation will get too far ahead of their readers. But two years later. have a collective nervous breakdown if whether the media are a cause or an Yet the notion that a stain on the we must face the fact that Richard effect, what they have to say tells us presidency will ruin the system is Nixon and John Mitchell aren't quite in something about how we think. strictly a twentieth century the same league with Albert Only two years ago, for example, a phenomenon. Andrew Johnson was Schweitzer. Where did we ever get the film called Sweet Sweetback's impeached. Ulysses S. Grant lived idea that they were? Baadassss Song shocked many through all of the revelations of The consequence of this Alice-in­ audiences with its matter-of-fact as­ corruption under his presidency. Wonderland attitude is that public of­ sumption that policemen are brutal, Millard Fillmore, after his term in the ficials wil I do just about anything these racist, and corrupt. Yet today that White House, became the leader of a days to avoid the disgrace of admitting premise is standard operating splinter party cheerfully dedicated to a mistake. Thousands of American and procedure for virtually all black films ethnic bigotry. Another ex-president, Asian lives and billions of dollars were and many white ones as well. Almost John Tyler, ended his career as a gobbled up in Vietnam because the overnight, movies switched from a congressman-in the Confederacy. government was u.nwilling to concede presumption that policemen are When the nation was young and weak, that it shou Id never have been there in decent until proven otherwise to apparently, we could endure that sort the first place._ To justify J. Edgar precisely the opposite presumption. of thing, but now that we are mature Hoover's delusions about a Catholic And if a spy film called Scorpio is any and strong we are told we cannot. plot to kidnap Henry Kissinger, the jus­ indication, movies may soon be The presidency isn't the only job tice department mobilized hundreds making a similar switch in their at­ that has become glorified in the public of agents, spent thousands of dollars, titudes toward government. mind over the years. There was a time and violated the rights of hundreds of All but the most paranoid of movie in this country, for example, when it people in order to suggest that the audiences would have laughed this was an insult to call someone a conspiracy had occurred-even sort of thing off the screen six months "lawyer." In 7776, John Adams be­ though Hoover's own investigators ago. Now it seems almost plausible. came so incensed when John Dickin­ knew it hadn't, as the Harrisburg Eight Like Sweet Sweetback, Scorpio is a son called him a lawyer that he brought trial eventually demonstrated. To decidedly commercial, middlebrow his cane down on Dickinson's head. paraphrase Erich Segal, government movie. Just as Sweetback-for better The term in those days referred to means never saying you're sorry. or worse-opened a new era of someone who made his living by Whether the media lead public negative images of police, so Scorpio, outsmarting others while contributing opinion or follow it in creating this with a boost from the Watergate scan­ little to the general welfare-a de­ situation, of course, is open to ques­ dal, may have sharply altered the mid­ scription which, if you think about it, is tion. It's no secret that the motion pic­ dlebrow screen image of the federal appropriate for many twentieth cen­ ture, television, and newspaper in­ government. tury lawyers. Yet today there are few dustries spend millions of dollars on On balance, that may be a good occupations that are more highly market surveys designed to find out thing. Once we have abandoned our respected than the law; as Russell what the public wants to see and read. myths about the saintliness of people Baker has noted, an American's social Within the past year top editors of two in Washington, we may stop following status is judged not so much by his different Chicago newspapers have blindly any President who seeks to lead wealth as by his access to good lawyers. confessed in the pages of Chicago us into Vietnam, or " the great By the same token, the Founding Journalism Review that their papers' society, " or " peace with honor," or Fathers had the idea that politicians editorial positions are often tempered Watergate. We can return to a system and crooks were pretty much alike, in order to remain " in the mainstream of checks and balances. And I can get and they set up a constitution whose of public opinion. " Presumably there back to writing about movies.

KID BLUE - The Fugitive Kind with a sense of short on story line. Gene Hackman and Al Paci no area The film is a jarring reminder that o~ce upon a time, humor: A nicely understated and occasionally very pair of hoboes chasing uncertain dreams in an before videotape and canned laughter, television was funny Western about a Texas town obsessed with the uncertain course across the country. Director Jerry as innovative and alive as any other medium. With Protestant ethic and a reformed outlaw who Schatzberg has a nice feel for the lower depths of Carl Reiner and Howard Morris. G inad vertently manages to rub everyone the wrong society; there are several memorable tavern scenes, way. With Dennis Hopper, Warren Oates, Peter Boyle, and Hackman's laugh is as infestious as ever. But it A WARM DECEMBER - A black American Ben Johnson; James Frawley directed. PG doesn't add up to a movie. R physician and good-deed-doer (Sidney Poitier-who else?) falls in love with an African ambassador's niece THE NELSON AFFAIR - Lord Nelson and Lady SCORPIO - A better than average spy film that in London. Directing himself, Poitier again deludes Hamilton are the paramours in this latest film about suggests spies and spy agencies are really irrelevant to himse lf into believing he is a superman steeped in scandal in George Ill's England. Glenda Ja ckson's the world, except for the tax money they waste and black cu lture-even though this film was plainly dramatics are exaggerated but fun to watch, which is the innocent people they occasionally kill while trying inspired by old white movies like Roman Holiday and exactly what the rest of the cast does. And even to cover up their mistakes. The characters are as two­ Love Story and even though Poi tier's leading lady (Es­ Ja ckson is saddled with heavy lines like ·· 1 wonder dimensional as ever, but the film's matter-of-fact as­ ther Anderson) is a black version of Deborah Kerr. The which of us will be better remembered a hundred sumption that the CIA is inherently evil is novel result is a film without conviction, relying totally on years from now? " Peter Finch is Nelson; JamesCellan indeed. Burt Lan cas ter is the CIA agent whom the CIA background music to convey feeling. What Poitier the Jones directed, from Terence Rattigan's play. PG wants to eliminate; Alain Delon is his protege, and actor needs is a good, skeptical, imaginative direc­ also his pursuer. Michael Winner directed. PG tor-black or white. PG PAT GARRETI AND BILLY THE KID - A lifeless, pointless Sam Peckinpah Western, full of mutterings TEN FROM YOUR SHOW OF SHOWS - Ten skits WATISTAX - Using the Watts commemorative over glasses of whiskey, punctuated occasionally by from Max Leibman's well-remembered TV show of concert in Los Angeles as a focus, director Mel Stuart random shootings or Bob Dylan wailing, .. Billy, they the early 1950s recall an age when TV audiences were has put togethera soul music-cum-black pride pas­ don't like you to be so free.,, With James Coburn and live and TV casts weren't afraid to experiment. With tiche that's a good deal more effective and Kris Kristofferson. R twenty years' hindsight, some of the Sid Caesar­ imaginative than most films of the concert genre. Imogene Coca sketches look sophomoric, but others Appearances by Isaac Hayes, Richard Pryor, the Staple SCARECROW - Yet another one of those at­ are as howlingly funny as ever - most notably the Singers, Luther Ingram, Johnnie Taylor, the Emotions, mospheric films that are long on characterization and parodies_of From here to eternity and This is your life. Jesse Jackson, many others. P

August 1973 63 Its not our tradition that makes great cigars. Its our cigars that made the tradition.

The soul of a fine cigar is its tobacco, and tobacco crops change in quality from year to year, like wines. So each spring we search anew for young tobaccos with a noble character. We find the tenderest leaves of the most luxurious plants in Java, Brazil, Santo Domingo and other far­ away places of bright sun and gentle rain. We stay with our tobaccos through the harvest. Then we supervise the delicate packing and shipping ourselves. And we blend them, with skills handed from father to son, in the same vast hardwood chambers we used back in 1886, when Gold Label began the Tampa tradi­ tion of fine cigars. Because in some things, the old ways are best. See for yourself. Spend an evening with our tradition.

PALMA • JAGUAR • CORONA DE VILLE • PANETELA GRANDE • LIGHT BRIGADE • SWAGGER• DINO A MEATLESS SUMMER MENU

ummer days and vegetable dinners are By Luci I le McMaster several vegetables. The blend of eggplant, compatible companions. Fresh crisp tomato, onion and green pepper, sim­ ~ vegetables from home garden or mar­ mered in oil, is a suitable accompaniment ket contribute to particularly tasty and to a filled vegetable or casserole. This light summer menus. With the current ragout may be served cold as well as hot. trend toward more frequent meatless To accompany filled vegetables and meals, complete vegetable dinners are a casseroles there is a wide range of vege­ real boon. tables from which to choose. Corn on the Chilled soups make nice introductions COLD VEG ET ABLE DINNER cob and creamed corn have long been to meals served on warm days. These summer favorites in the South. Green soups can be effectively made from fresh Steamed potato slices beans cooked in the traditional manner vegetables. (Recipes for chilled soups may and carrot strips (well chilled) with salt pork, dressed with a sauce or be f~mnd in the May issue of Sandlapper.) Ratatouille served chilled in a marinade, can be Filled or stuffed vegetables give body Marinated green beans counted on to add flavor and color. to a meal, and a menu is easily built Chilled cucumber boats A cold vegetable dinner may well tum around them. Eggplant, squash, peppers, Sliced tomatoes a hot day into a more comfortable one. It tomatoes and cucumbers are among the Crisp onion rings is advisable to prepare the vegetables in vegetables which lend themselves to fill­ Oil and vinegar dressing the €arly morning to provide adequate ing. time for chilling. Potato and carrot slices Vegetable casseroles may also serve as steamed, chilled and served with a light a main dish on the menu. They may be dressing form the nucleus for the meal. made entirely from one vegetable or from Add filled cucumbers, marinated green the combination of several. Ratatouille, a beans and ratatouille to make a complete Mediterranean casserole, makes use of chilled menu.

August 1973 65 STUFFED EGGPLANT STUFFED PEPPERS GREEN BEANS WITH DILL 1 eggplant 1 tbsp. butter or margarine Green beans 2 tbsp. butter or margarine 1 tbsp. oil Salt and freshly ground pepper 2 tbsp. chopped onion 1 tbsp. chopped onion Melted butter 2 tbsp. chopped parsley 1 tbsp. chopped parsley Fresh dill 2 cups bread crumbs % tsp. curry powder 1/z cup water 1 small can drained mushrooms Steam whole green beans until just ten­ Lemon juice, salt, pepper 1 cup cooked rice der, but do not cook to the point of Cut eggplant in half lengthwise and scoop softness. Season with salt and freshly To make the pepper cases, cut a slice ground pepper. Dress with melted butter out the pulp, dipping it immediately into from the top of each pepper. Remove the lemon juice to prevent discoloration. to which chopped fresh dill has been seed portion. Parboil the cases for 3 added. (Other fresh herbs may be substi­ Leave the rind of the shells at least 1h inch minutes. Drain. Dry well inside the cases. tuted for the dill.) thick. Cover shells with cold water to Fill with a mixture made from the above which lemon juice has been added. Drain ingredients. Place in a buttered baking MARINATED GREEN BEANS the pulp and chop fine. Season with salt pan and bake in a 350-degree oven until and pepper. Saute onion and parsley in the cases are just tender. 1 lb. small tender green beans butter. Add pulp and cook for 10 min­ % cup olive or salad oil utes, stirring well. Add water and 1 cup SUMMER SQUASH CASSEROLE 1A cup vinegar of the crumbs. Drain the shells ·and wipe 11. cup lemon juice dry. Sprinkle the inside of the shells with 6 or 8 small squash Salt and pepper to taste salt and pepper and fill with the mixture. 2 tbsp. butter or margarine Dash of sugar Chopped fresh herbs of your choice or Sprinkle the remaining crumbs over the 1 chicken bouillon cube 1 tbsp. grated onion 1 tsp. or more of bouquet garni tops. Place the stuffed halves in a greased 1 egg, well beaten (In the absence of bouquet garni use a baking dish and pour a small amount of 1/z cup bread crumbs mixture of marjoram, savory, basil, water around the shells. Bake in an oven t/ 2 cup grated sharp cheese thyme, rosemary, bay leaves and chives.) preheated to 350 degrees for 30 minutes. 1 cup sour cream Salt, pepper, paprika In a small amount of water bring beans to STUFFED SUMMER SQUASH a boil and boil for 5 minutes. Chill 4 summer squash Cut and cook squash in a small amount of thoroughly and a short time before serv­ 1 tbsp. butter or margarine water until tender. Mash well. Add salt, ing, pour the marinade over the beans. 11. cup bread crumbs pepper, butter, bouillon cube and grated Serve cold as an hors d'oeuvre, as a salad 1 tbsp. grated onion onion. Fold in well beaten egg . Fold in with lettuce or as a vegetable with lunch 11. cup cheese sour cream. Pour into a 1-quart casserole or dinner. 1/z tsp. salt which has been greased. Sprinkle a top­ 1/8 tsp. curry powder ping of crumbs, cheese and paprika over BAKED EGGPLANT SLICES Dash cayenne the casserole. Bake in an oven preheated Cut the stem ends from the unpeeled to 350 degrees for 30 minutes. 1 eggplant squash. Place in a vegetable steamer or Melted butter covered saucepan with a small amount of CORN PUDDING 1 tbsp. chopped parsley water. Cook until squash are barely 1 tbsp. grated onion 2 eggs, well beaten Salt, pepper, paprika, lemon juice tender-avoid overcooking. Drain well. 1 cup milk Scoop out centers, leaving the shells at 2 tbsp. flour least 1h inch thick. Reserve the pulp and 2 cups cut fresh corn Cut the unpeeled eggplant into 1-inch chop well. Mix with remaining ingredi­ slices. Immediately upon cutting, dip ents. Refill the shells and place them in a Mix well. Place in buttered casserole set each slice into lemon juice to prevent shallow pan which has been buttered. in a pan of hot water. Bake at 350 discoloration. Place slices in a shallow pan Bake in an oven preheated to 350 degrees degrees for 30-40 minutes. lined with buttered foil. Spread each slice for 10 minutes. with melted butter to which has been added onion, parsley, salt and pepper to FILLED TOMATOES CORDAN GREEN BEANS taste. Sprinkle with paprika. Cover the 6 tomatoes 1 lb. green beans pan with foil and bake at 350 degrees for 1 tbsp. butter or margarine 10 minutes. If the slices are not fork Filling: 2 tbsp. chopped onion tender, they may be cooked a very few 1 tbsp. grated onion 1 tbsp. chopped parsley minutes longer. Avoid overcooking be­ 1 tbsp. fresh herbs (basil, parsley or 1 cup chicken stock cause the slices should be only tender and thyme) 2 tbsp. brown butter not soft. (Zucchini squash may also be 1/z tsp. salt Lemon juice cooked in this manner.) Freshly ground pepper % cup bread crumbs French cut the green beans. In a sauce 2 tbsp. melted butter BAKED CUCUMBERS 2 or 3 tbsp. chopped tomato pulp pan melt 1 tablespoon butter and in it saute the onion and parsley until the 6 or 8 tender cucumbers Cut off a slice from the top of each onion is just transparent. Add the beans 2 tbsp. melted butter tomato and scoop out the centers. Re­ and the chicken stock. Cook for 12 1 tbsp. grated onion serve the pulp. Dry well the inside of the minutes. At the end of the cooking time 2 tbsp. chopped fresh parsley or herbs tomato cases. Mix all ingredients for the the broth should be absorbed. If not, of your choice filling, reserving % cup of crumbs to drain off excessive broth. Lightly brown 2 tbsp. grated Parmesan cheese Lemon juice sprinkle over the tops. Fill cases and place 2 tablespoons or more of butter and add Salt and pepper in a buttered pan. Bake in an oven a few drops lemon juice. Pour over beans preheated to 350 degrees for 10 minutes. immediately before serving.

66 Sand Zapper Cut cucumbers in half and score top surfaces with a knife. Sprinkle with lemon juice and spread with melted but­ ter to which grated onion has been added. Sprinkle with salt, pepper and finely chopped fresh herbs. Place cucumber halves in a greased shallow baking pan. Pour a small amount of hot water around the halves. Place uncovered in an oven preheated to 350 degrees. Bake for ap­ proximately 30 minutes or until just tender. Near the end of the baking time sprinkle with cheese and paprika and place under broiler to lightly brown.

RATATOUILLE 2 medium eggplants 2 large onions 4 tomatoes 2 red or green peppers Oil, salt, pepper Cut the unpeeled eggplants into squares. Slice the onions and cut peppers into strips. Cut the tomatoes into wedges. Heat a sufficient amount of oil in a fry pan to saute the onion and peppers. Add the eggplant squares and, 10 minutes later, the tomato wedges. The vegetables should not be fried or browned but simmered in oil. Cover the pan and simmer for 30 minutes. Uncover the pan and cook 10 minutes longer. This dish may be served either hot or cold.

CHILLED CUCUMBER BOATS 6 cucumbers, 3 or 4 inches long 6 small radishes WORKING in a Jack Daniel's warehouse has 1 tbsp. grated onion 2 tbsp. chopped parsley its rewards. In the summertime, it's the Salt, white pepper, lemon juice coolest spot in the hollow. Peel cucumbers and cut a lengthwise strip from the top of each. Scoop out pulp of each. Drain boats and sprinkle with salt The barrels in our warehouse always rest cool, and white pepper. except for those up near the roof. So every To make the filling: Dice the pulp and blend with thinly sliced, unpeeled rad­ now and then we move them around, making ishes, grated onion and chopped parsley. Fill the boats with the mixture and sure all of the whiskey ages and colors the sprinkle with lemon juice. Chill thorough­ ly and arrange on shredded lettuce and right way. You see, we'd serve with mayonnaise or sour cream. EGGPLANT SALAD rather let our product CHARCOAL In water to which vinegar has been addeu age the old natural way MELLOWED boil a small eggplant whole until just tender. Handle as little as possible. Cut in Mr. Jack used. And besides, half and discard the seeds. Cut into strips 6 and chill well. Dress with oil and vinegar we like an excuse to DROP and serve on shredded lettuce. cool off on warm Moore 6 ONION SALAD BY DROP Peel white onions and bake whole until County days. just tender. Be careful not to overcook. Chill well. Dress with oil and lemon juice. Tennessee Whiskey • 90 Proof • Distilled and Bottled by Jack Daniel Distillery Serve on tender leaves of lettuce. Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc., Lynchburg (Pop. 361), Tennessee Recognized by the United States Government as a National Historic Place.

August 1973 67 The Machete. (Carving out time for v.mat counts) We're always showing or­ dinary couples doing an extraordinarily refreshing thing: enjoying being togeth­ er. To celebrate these small reminders that human beings can still be human, we try to suggest a drink To make a e, pour that is suitably refreshing. 11/2 oz. of Smirnoff into a This time we mixed pine­ glass of ice. Add two-thirds apple juice with Smirnoff of a glass of pineapple juice, and added some tonic. fill with tonic and stir. Result? The Machete, a drink you might take to Smirnoff when you're taking a break. leaves you breathless.• events All activities to be considered for the Calendar of Events must be sent directly to the Events Editor, Sand­ lapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, no later than 45 days prior to the first of the month in which the activity will occur.

You are cordially invited to inspect our selection of quality marine products and motor homes. Each brand was chosen for excellence in its field, music from the Zodiac inflatable craft to the 25-foot Coronet cruiser and including Winnebago and Executive recreational vehicles. We have covered the United States and overseas countries to find these products for the leisure AUGUST time of South Carolinians. Write or stop by our facilities in 3 GREENVILLE- Furm an University-Concert b y t he South Mount Pleasant. We think you will agree that our array is unequaled Caroli na Bapt ist Youth Music Worksho p . in the Southeast. You deserve the quality we stand for.

theatre [TIMEOUT, INIJ.J

T hr o ugh A u gust 11 HWY. 17 BYPASS (GEORGETOWN HWY.) MYRTL E BEACH -Convention Center- University or Sou t h P. 0. BOX 767 Ca rolina Summer Theatre, "Show Boat." AUGUST 803-884-2257 MT. PLEASANT, S. C. 29464 9·10 CHEST E R-Chester Liltle Theatre-"Snow White and The Seven Dwarfs." 25-26 LIB ERTY- Liberty Community T heatre, Crotwell Auditori­ um- " Mi racle Worker." BROWN JORDAN SEPTEMBER 6 CLEMSO N- Littlejohn Colise um- "Mark T wai n on Stage." 14,15,20-22 Brown Jordon AN DERSON- Ande rson Community Theatre- "Oli ve r ." Molla Scroll Keller Casual art Brandt Redwood Pawleys Island Rope Hammocks Thro ugh A ugust 5 Landis COLU MBIA-Columbia M useum-Group Show of Young Columbia Artists. Finkel Umbrellas Through August 11 Atlanta Stove Works HILTON HEAD ISLA N D- The Red Piano A rt Gall ery- Harvey Kidder, One Ma n Sho w . Christen Torches Thro ugh August 17 COLUM BIA- Russell House Art Gallery- Photography Exhib it Bar-B-Oues by Un ive rsity Photogra pher Richard Taylor. Electric Gas Charcoal Through August 3 1 CO LUMBIA-Colu mbia Museum-Calligraphy by Leong Cho ng Patio Supplies Hin. A UGUST Wall Tube 1-3 1 Pool Supplies GREENVILLE- Peoples Nat ional Ba nk Main O ffice- Je rry Tamiami .. designed by Hall Bradley. Brown Jo rdan's most James Art Exhibit. successful outdoor furniture. Fresh Design. Solid comfort. And Lyon Shaw Wrought Iron I -Se pte mbe r 15 1he unique d iagonal lacing provides a special look . A look distinctively Tamiami. GREENVILLE-Greenvi ll e-Sparta nburg Airport- Marie Shel­ Construction is of 7/8 inch t ubular alumin um. heli-arc don Art Exhibit. welded for lightweight nrength. Seating is 5/8 inch vinyl lace specially formulated for con t ro ll ed elasticiiy and durability. 8-Sep tem be r 1 Table tops are high-impact tempered glass. and the f inishes are as CLEMSON-Clem son University- " Appalachian Corridors." tough as an automobile. Tamiami is made to last as well as 11·12 look good. MYRTLE BEACH-Cha pin Park-Art -in -the-Pa rk Exh ibit by The Tamiami group includes all dining. seating and accessory the Waccam aw Arts and Crafts G uild. 18·19 Largest Selec ti on of Fi ne Casual Furniture in the Carolinas PENDLETON- Pe ndleto n Square- F o urth Annual Foothills Arts and Crafts G uild F est ival. 20-Se ptember 14 COLUMBIA- Russell Ho use Art Gall ery- Exhibit of Graphic Works of Eli zabeth Herring. SEPTEMBER 9-30 ~~'~ool & ~~"~hop SUMTER- Sumte r Gall ery of Art- Annual Exhibit of Paintings Florence, S.C. Columbia, S. C. and Sculpt ure by t he Members of the Sumte r Artists G uild . 662-8733 253-4057

August 1973 69 Mildred, Dorothy and miscellaneous Tweetsie Entertain In The Same Neighborhood Through September 1 Up in the high country of North Car­ NORTH MYRTLE BEACH-Camp Pla-Mo,-2l sl Annual olina three outstanding travel attrac­ Baske tball, Football, Majorette and Cheerleader School. Through September 2 tions are waiting to entertain you. COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum-"Man on Mars" Planetarium Mildred the bear and the mile­ Show. Through October 31 high swinging bridge are just CHARLESTON-Seventh Annual Charleston Trident Fishing two of the " must see" sights Tournament. Through November 30 on scenic Grandfather MYRTLE BEACH-20th Annual Grand Strand Fishing Rodeo. Mountain. Dorothy and the AUGUST other storybook charact­ 3-4 EUTAWVILLE-Rocks Pond Campground-Third Annual ers from "Land Of Oz" Country and Western Days. live in a unique theme 9·12 MYRTLE BEACH-Ocean Forest Hotel- Fifth Annual South park on Beech Mountain. Carolina State Ceramic Association Show. Tweetsie , a full-size steam 11-18 SENECA-Seneca Centennial Celebration. train, makes trips through 17-18 an "Old West" park com­ YORK-South Carolina Grape Festival. plete with outlaws and In­ 18 RIDGELAND-Jasper County Gopher Hill Festival. dian s. And the best part is 19 that all three of these great HARDEEVILLE- Jasper County Gopher Hill Festival. 20 attractions are within a half hour's CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing-National Dixie drive of each other. Youth Day. 23-26 (Write G.O.T . Promotio ns , P. 0. Box DARLINGTON- Darlington Country Club-Southern 500 Invitational Golf Tournament. 264, Linville, N. C. 28646 for de­ 30-September 8 scriptive brochure.) GREENVILLE-Upper South Carolina State Fair. SEPTEMBER

DARLINGTON-Southern 500 Festival Parade. 1-2 BEAUFORT-Fourth Annual Sea Island Sunfish Regatta. SANTEE-Wings and Wheels-Salute to Carolina's Pioneer Aviators and AnnuaJ Labor Day Weekend Air Show Spectacular.

The R. L. Bryan Company"" Greystone Executive Park "" Columbia, South Carolina

70 Sandlapper 3 DARLINGTON-Southern 500 Race. SALEM-Salem Hillbilly Day. CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing Expo Park- Labor Day Celebration. 7-9 WESTMINISTER- South Carolina Apple Festival. 10-12 COLUMBIA-Carolina Coliseum-Palmetto Tennis Classic.

10-16 HILTON HEAD ISLAND-Sea Pines Plantation- Heritage Golf Classic. 14-15 SOMETHING FOR EVERYONE- MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center-Fourth Annual Square Dance Festival. A WONDERFUL PLACE TO RETIRE 14-16 COLUMBIA- Shrine Club on 1-26-The National Antique Show Sponsored by the Women's Club of Cayce.

1-2-3 bedroom apartments, fully carpeted and featuring tours many luxurious facilities. Masonry and steel construction for maximum fire AUGUST 15 protection. SENECA- Seneca Centennial Homes Tour. Spacious indoor-outdoor living including log burning fireplaces. Individually controlled climatrol. horse shows 20 MINUTES FROM COLUMBIA - LOCATED 1 MILE HWY. 76 AUGUST CALL OR WRITE: MYN)ERAOARO€N AFT$. JOHNSTON- Watson Park- 17th Annual Johnston Jaycee Horse Show. P. 0. Box 197 17-18 Little Mountain, S. C. 29075 BLACKSBURG-Charleston Street- Blacksburg Rodeo. 803-945-7435

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And you' ll be among compatible people foR thos€ who know how to l1v€ ... and thos€ who aR€ R€ady to l€aRn who also enjoy year-round country club living. People who demand, as you do, r------, the luxury of privacy in their homes plus I Stone Creek Cove I the luxury of private access to such as I Rt. 4, Anderson, s_ c_ 29621 I Stone Creek Cove' s championship golf course tennis courts _ and fine l Please send full color brochure on your Stone Creek Cove offering. l facilities for boating, swimming and riding. I Name I It's ready now - for your inspection and I I immediate decision. I Address I I I LI ______City State Zip JI

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Sandlapper Corner offers you a wealth of South· Caroliniana-set aside for your convenience. Current and back issues of Sandlapper Magazine, Js well as all books FOR INFORMATION ON THESE AND OTHER VILLAS, published by Sandlapper HOMES, LOTS AND COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES CONTACT Press, Inc., are available at the following local stores. Browse through #f""'1t..'ETERSON REAL TY & DEVELOPERS V"'1"'!: 0. BOX 5035 - HILTON HEAD, S.C. 29928 these interesting 803-785-2191 OR 785-3290 collections and make selections to enrich your personal library.

Sand/apper Bookstore A ,ken Office Supply & Gallery, Inc. & Books 400 W. Mam Street /06 Park Avenue. S. W. Lexmg1011 A1ket1

The Fair, In c. Ye 'Ole Book Shoppe .507 £.St. John Street J 40 Cashua S1reet fill] Spartanburg Darlmxron I Font's Book Store The Book Nook I /4 Whuner Street U. S. 44/ Anderson Sumter

H & S Book House Polmeuo Square Florence Mall 1440 Main Srreer Florence Columbia

The Hammock Shop The Commissary 11 Pawleys Island Pleasant Hill Road Dillon Only Chris kr~ew aboul the clues to the mystery of Stede l:lonnel's Nash ·s Bookstore hidden treasure-would he find it before the my sterious man who seemed Wine Street at Park The Book Stall Mullins Barefoot Traders to be following him around Charleston? High way 1 7. North Idella Bodie, the author of The Secret of Telfair Inn, has woven another The Open Book Windy Hill Section Bell Tower Mall North Myrtle Beach, S. C. children's novel around a child's love of mystery and suspense. Set in Greenville historic Charleston with its fami li ar surroundings-the Battery, White Point Woodsedge Gift Shop n," Creek Jlouse 12 J Woodlawn Street Murrell's Inlet. S. C Gardens, the Dock Street Theatre, lhe Exchange and Custom House-it is laure11s the story of a young boy who finds clues to a treasure hidden by "gentle­ man pirate" Stede Bonnet just before his hanging. Through dusty attics, across dangerous rooftops and into ghostly cemeteries, two brothers search for more clues to The Mystery of the I Pirate's Treasure. by IDELLA BODIE Forages 10-14, $3.95. illustrated by Louise Yancey =l!l!JJl!l!JJl!l!JJ@llffl@ll~~

August 1973 73 OLD BOOKS bought, sold, appraised, repaired; ><::><><::><>=<>= NEEDLEWORK ,::::,oc>< >=<>c:>< Carolinas our specialty. Free catalog. Broad­ AUTHENTIC NEEDLEPOINT college emblems interesti11g, foot's Bookmark, Box 729, Wendell, N.C. painted on canvas, yarn included. Special: coats 27591. of arms painted on canvas, yarn included (allow two weeks for delivery). Also, we will do your unusual iten1.s research . Graphs, canvas and yarn for S.C . >=< G EN E A LOG Y ,=. ======palmetto tree and medical caduceuses. Nation­ Over 100,000 names of early arrivals in Amer­ ally advertised Icelandic Kits for ponchos and and services ica from 1600 to 1820. A thorough investiga­ ski sweaters. Imported yarns, materials, crewel, tion of names or derivatives researched for only and needlepoint. Assorted pocketbook kits. $2.00 per name. Copy of information forward­ Folline's Knit and Bridge Studio, 2926 Devine ed promptly. $1.00 charge for each name not St., Columbia, S.C. 29205. Phone 253-9748. listed with balance returned. Genealogical Re­ search, Box 5441 - Station B, Greenville, South === ART RESTORATION ==x:::>< Carolina 29606. = x:::>< >C>< ,c::x ><= ANT IQ U ES = x:::>< = = >C>< YOUR TREASURED PAINTINGS, portraits faithfully cleaned, relined, restored. Mrs. B. W. HENRY LAURENS ANTIQUES. Oriental Moorman, 1342 Heatherwood Rd., Columbia, Rugs. Open daily 8 :30-5:30. Saturday FUND RAISING 29205. 782-5941. 8:30-1:00. 213 West Main, Laurens, S. C. s.c. 29360. Phone 984-5951. Is your club, civic group, or school >ex>CX>CX>C REAL EST A TE =><>C><>CX><::>< in need of a fund raising project? If NOTTINGHAM ANTIQUES. 166 Alabama St., If you are contemplating a residential land Spartanburg, S. C. 29302. Dealer to the dis­ so, consider selling subscriptions to development, investigate some unique design criminating. 18th and 19th century furniture. SANDLAPPER as a means of rais­ and planning possibilities with us. We have Decorative accessories. ing funds. SANDLAPPER · - · the contributed to several successful projects in Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill area: Tega Cay, magazine any organization would be WILLIAM KEY INTERIORS. Period antiques Black Horse Run, Heatherloch, Lamplighter and fine reproductions, 909 East Washington proud to sell. For further informa· Village. Can service projects anywhere. (Have Street, Greenville, South Carolina. 233-4469 or tion, call or write: some original ideas for a Coastal Resort.) Write 233-4479. for idea brochure. Coman Design, Suite Joseph Bruce 101-1125 E. Morehead St., Charlotte, N.C. BOO KS -~ <=>< x:::>< 28204. ======Sandlapper Press, Inc. HAMPTON BOOKS (founded N.Y., 1946). Old P.O. Box 1668 and rare history, cinema-TV, aerospace, South Condominium for sale very desirable location Carolina-and general. Prints, posters, maps. Rt. Columbia, South Carolina 29202 Phone(803)796-2686 Hilton Head Island. Call Grady Thames 1, Box 76, Newberry, S.C. 29108. Ph. 803-524-2196. 276-6870 (US Hwy. 176, 2 mi. N. of S.C. 34) .

THIS CAN BE THE MOST IMPORTANT HOUR IN YOUR LIFE! If you play Golf, Hunt, Ride, Swim, Fish, Bowl, Jog or just exercise - you will want to hear this tape, your choice of either 8-Track or Cassette. "EXERCISE AND YOUR HEART" Internationally known heart specialist discusses vital and informative facts on how to take care of your heart and actually strengthen it with exercise while engaged in your favorite sport. This one-hour tape (in cassette or 8-track) explains: -- · - -~..;;:;,-- -'" ._ ·. ' • Facts about exercise ~~--- and your heart you might not know. MAIL COUPON TODAY-10 DAY MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE • Is exercise beneficial ~------~INFOTAPE or can it be harmful. 299 Park Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 • The benefits of the Please send me the new hour length health tape proper exercise regime "EXERCISE AND YOUR HEART" on O Cassette or O 8-Track for the individual (you!) I enclose $9.95 which includes postage and handling. • New approaches and 0 CHECK O MONEY ORDER-made payable to INFOTAPE aspects concerning NAME ______exercise. • Important rules for all ADDRESS ______people who exercise, including those with CITY______,STATE ______.ZIP ____ normal hearts and those I WANT TO CHARGE IT •••• A HEALTH CASSETTE by with heart problems. Signature ______• And loaded with much D Master Charge more information about D American Express Account No. ______exercise and how it ~------'~------~-J~~affects your heart. D BankAmericard Expiration Date ______74 Sandlapper Palmetto Square 1 ~-- ' ::Soakse11ers & Stationers FOR1'.4ER.LY ERY.A.N'S B OOK STORE

MORE ABOUT THE BIGHAMS! NEW BOOKS & GIFTS FOR SOUTH CAROLINIANS

'-flOLAM)~ (;,\ROI: =' U ll)F

~$'1

'\\\£, \, '\\\£, ~$ 1C- 1974 SANDLAPPER CAL­ of y,\G\\~ ENDAR. Just arrived. Beautiful full color scenes from South Caro­ lina. Useful for home or office. $2.95.

1B - MIDLANDS GARDEN 2C-South Carol ina Notecards. A Z,eig\ef GUIDE. By The Junior League of New and Colorful notecards on bY J. ~- Columbia. The only book of its South Carolina. $1.79. kind for South Carolina garden­ ers . The do's and don'ts from Th /Ir •I January to December. $2.00. "\\BIRHY (Ol ,T) \,,/1/h (~l'fJilfL.

1A- THE LAST OF THE BIGHAMS. By J. A . Zeigler. At last this long sought after book has now been reprinted under the careful guidance of Katharine Boling, author of the best selling A PIECE OF THE FOX'S HIDE. The original book was released in 1927 when J. A. Zeigler was editor of the Florence Morning Review. Mrs. Boling, 3C-THE HISTORY OF NEW­ who has written an introduction to the book, says it has been BERRY COUNTY , SOUTH reprinted to show the power of the press at the time of the Bigham CAROLINA . VOLUME 1: Trials in that it indicates Bigham could not have had a fair trial in 2B-MYSTERY OF THE Pl­ 1749-1860. By Thomas H. Pope. the face of such coverage. $7 .95. RATE'S TREASURE. By Idella Th is fine book traces the develop­ Bodie. From the author of THE ment of Newberry County from Mrs. Katharine Boling will be in our store August 3 , SECRET OF TELFAIR INN the earliest days of contact and 1 :00 P.M.-3:00 P.M . to autograph A PIECE OF THE comes another suspenseful chil· settlement to the eve of the Civil FOX'S HIDE and to introduce THE LAST OF THE dren's novel. The setting is in War. Of great value to local his­ BIGHAMS. Public is invited. historic Charleston. $3.95. torical demographers. Prepubl ica­ tion price $14.95, $17.95 shortly 3B- S.C. INDIAN LORE. By Bert after release. W. Bierer. The only book of its kind ever published about South 4C - Cookes 1773 Map of South Carolina's Indians. $9.95. Carolina. $5.00. r------. l'!'I Palmetto Square : 1440 MAIN ST. COLUMBIA, S. C. 29 201 : I I I ! I I I I I I I I : PLEASE PLACE COOE NUMBERS IN BOXES I ALLOW 2 WEEKS FOR OE LIVERY I PAYMENT ENCLOSED I MASTER CHARGE I BANK AMEA ICARO I (ACCOUNT NO. IRCLE CAROi I

~~A:::1~~N~; ~~~~~NoTo~:ps:~~~~:o/OUARE I POSTAGE & HANDLING (PLEASE AOO .50 FOR 1ST ITEM I .25 FOR EACH AOOITIONAL ITEM) I TOT AL I ~• I STR EET OR BOX I 2A- A PIECE OF THE FOX'S HIDE. By Katharine Boling. The I CITY TATE IP I most talked about book in South Carolina. $8.50. L------~

August 1973 75 THE ORDINARJ BFKH COi TIGE:SVl,000

Why settle for the ordinary? Own your own apartment on S.C.'s booming Grand Strand. At Brigadune-a special kind of condominium on a very special stretch of ocean. It'll cost less than an ordinary cottage, yet give so much more. More beach, more room, more convenience. Your home is secure at all times. With it comes pools, putting greens, tennis courts, covered parking, clubhouse, wall-to-wall carpets, a balcony on the Atlantic and no worries. In Myrtle Beach, call (803) 449-5239. In Charlotte, N.C ., call (704) 366-3888. Or write for our brochure and homeowner's kit. A Creel & Bacon Development. Suite 311 -F, 2915 Providence Rd ., Charlotte, North Carolina 28211. Brigadune (This offering is not available to residents of states where prohibited by law.) Quadrant. AnW-~ckage of marketing communications services for the Southeast.

Quadrant Corporation is a new modular group Telephone Directory Advertising, Inc., a of marketing communications companies designed planning and placement facility for regional and to serve national marketers headquartered in national ·'yellow pages"' advertising. the Southeastern quadrant of the United States. These modular companies are separately At this time, Quadrant consists of: staffed, and work either in concert or completely Tucker Wayne & Company, in the top one independently of one another. percent of the nation's advertising agencies in size. Formation of Quadrant coincides with the Public Relations Counselors, Inc., fiftieth anniversary of TuckerWayne &Company. specializing in financial, corporate and marketing This approach represents an entirely new public relations. concept of client service in the Southeast. TuckerWayne&Company ESTABLISHED 1922 ATLANTA, GEORGIA n-a;o OCXll"'lO rw-to, co-t- 3: -<­ CDC/) .a:, --ff'Tl» ,..I 3: • (1)-("')n ("');J> lt n:cr 1 ::a>ro fTlJ:;,.,::: r:r:.,:, C/J:J>. I :ZN ,0 N -0

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"I'm out. And guess what I left behina!'

What you leave when you leave the hospital is You don't even have to bother filing claims or fill­ usually something you 're well rid of . ing out forms or worrying about partial settle­ But as a member of Blue Cross & Blue Shield, you ments when you go home. leave behind something more. All worry and con­ You just go home. Blue Cross & Blue Shield puts cern about payments. it all behind you . You check out with doctors paid. Hospital bil ls paid . Expenses for anesthesia, X-ray, lab analysis, In your best interest ... and prescription medicines paid . Blue Cross® Blue Shield® of South Carolina

4 • ( , -t. I r f Y C• \JL.,,. ~ t.h.11 • . , ® Registe red M ark o f Blue Cross Association ® Registe red Mark o f N at ional Association of Blue S h ield Pi a~