WEST END BLUES / QUESTIONS AREA OF STUDY D / JAZZ

3.

You will hear two extracts of music, both performed by jazz ensembles. You may wish to place a tick in the box each time you hear the extract.

EXTRACT EXTRACT EXTRACT EXTRACT 5 EXTRACT EXTRACT 1 1 2 2 MINS 1 2

Answer questions (a-f) in relation to extract 1 only. Question (g) is a comparison of extract 1 with extract 2.

Each extract will be played 3 times with a 30 second pause between each playing, a 5 minute pause after the second playing of extract 2 and a 7 minute silence after the last playing for you to complete your answer.

You now have 30 seconds to read the questions. 20

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First, you will hear an extract taken from a piece recorded by Louis Armstrong and his hot five in 1928.

An outline of the structure of the extract is printed below.

Introduction First chorus Second chorus Third chorus Fourth chorus (cadenza)

Trumpet only Trumpet and Solo Clarinet Piano solo band Improvisation and voice with band improvisation with band

a. Describe the music played by the trumpet in the introduction (cadenza) of the extract. [ 3 ]

• Improvisatory • Wide range of the instrument • Arpeggios • Some scalic movement • Use of ‘blue’ notes • Chromatic • Syncopation • Monophonic (apart from last chord) • Virtuoso playing • Vibrato

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b. Identify the solo instrument that improvises during the second [ 1 ] chorus.

c. State the name given to the style of singing heard in the third [ 1 ] chorus.

d. Tick √ two statements that best describe the rhythm section in [ 1 ] this extract.

Tick

The rhythm section is piano, bass and percussion

The rhythm section is piano, banjo and percussion

The piano and banjo play simple comping chords

There is a walking bass with piano chords

The drum kit uses the ride cymbal to provide a swing rhythm

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e. Describe the music heard in the piano solo in the fourth chorus [ 2 ] at the end of this extract.

f. Identify the musical structure that forms the basis of this [ 2 ] piece.

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g. Next, you will hear an extract from ‘Billie’s bounce’ recorded [ 10 ] by Charlie Parker in 1945. Compare and contrast the stylistic features of this extract with those of extract 1. You may wish to discuss organisation of musical material, use of instrumentation/ musical resources or any other features of interest relating to the style.

An outline of the structure of the extract is printed below.

Intro Head Head Chorus one Chorus two Chorus three Chorus four Chorus five

(repeated) Improvisation Improvisation Improvisation Improvisation Improvisation

Soloist one Soloist one Soloist one Soloist one Soloist two

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PG. 7