DOCSLIB.ORG

Simple Knots

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Simple Knots Simple knots Essentials The ability to tie knots is a useful skill. Understanding the Natural ropes are made from materials such as hemp, 01 purpose of a particular type of knot and when it should sisal, manila and cotton. They are relatively cheap but be used is equally important. Using the wrong knot in an have a low breaking strain. They may also have other activity or situation can be dangerous. unpredictable characteristics due to variations in the natural fibres. Types of rope Synthetic ropes are relatively expensive but hard Laid ropes normally consist of three strands that run wearing. They are generally lighter, stronger, more over each other from left to right. Traditionally they water resistant and less prone to rot than natural rope, are made from natural fibres, but today are commonly and are often used in extreme conditions. made from synthetic materials. Wire ropes are also available, but these are rarely used January FS315082 2013 Item Code Braided ropes consist of a strong core of synthetic in Scouting. fibres, covered by a plaited or braided sheath. They are always made from synthetic materials. Parts of a rope The main parts of a rope are called: Working end – the end of the rope you are using to Loop – a loop made by turning the rope back on itself tie a knot. and crossing the standing part. Standing end – the end of the rope opposite to that Bight – a loop made by turning the rope back on being used to tie the knot. itself without crossing the standing part. Standing part – any part between the two ends. It can be a part of the rope already used in the knot. End Standin g part © 2018/2019 The Scout Association Registered Charity number 306101/SC038437 Registered © 2018/2019 The Scout Association End Loop Bight scoutadventures.org.uk 0208 181 3151 Adventures Common knots Working knots, as opposed to decorative knots, are usually one of the following types: Stopper knots, which are tied in the end of a line. Loops and nooses, such as a bowline or figure of eight. Bends, used to tie one rope to another. Hitches, used to fasten a rope to another object. Hitches rely on the rope being pulled under tension to hold fast. 02 Overhand knot This simple stopper knot is quick and easy to tie, and can be tied tightly up against an object or another knot. 1 2 3 Item Code FS315082 January FS315082 2013 Item Code Half hitch This simple hitch can be used to fasten a rope to a ring or post. It forms the basis of many more complex knots. 1 2 Reef knot Overhand knotOverhand knot This knotOverhand is used to knottie together two working ends of the same material and size. It is often remembered by the phrase, ‘left over right and under, then right over left and under’. 1 Half hitch 2Half hitch 3 4 © 2018/2019 The Scout Association Registered Charity number 306101/SC038437 Registered © 2018/2019 The Scout Association Sheet bend This knot is used to tie together two ropes of different types or unequal thicknesses. 1 2 3 4 scoutadventures.org.uk 0208 181 3151 Adventures Figure of eight This stopper knot is unlikely to jam or pull loose. When doubled, it is also used to tie a loop in a rope. 1 2 3 03 Round turn and two half-hitches This knot has a long name but is actually a simple hitch. It is a composite knot, meaning it is formed from two simple knots, and is used to attach a rope to a post or an eyelet. 1 2 3 4 Item Code FS315082 January FS315082 2013 Item Code Clove hitch This hitch is another way to fasten a rope to a post. It is not as secure as the round turn and two half-hitches, but is often used to begin other hitches and lashings. 1 2 3 4 TIMBER HITCH This hitch is a temporary knot used to drag, lift or tow a log or pole. When used in this way, the timber hitch is usually made near the centre of the log or pole and a separate half hitch is dropped over the end to act as a guide when pulling. 1 2 3 4 © 2018/2019 The Scout Association Registered Charity number 306101/SC038437 Registered © 2018/2019 The Scout Association Highwayman’s hitch This ‘slip hitch’ holds fast when the standing end is pulled, but will come free when the working end is pulled. It is used to tie a boat to a mooring ring or an animal to a rail or post. 1 2 3 4 scoutadventures.org.uk 0208 181 3151 Adventures Sheepshank The knot is used to shorten a rope and can be tied in the middle of a rope without needing the ends. It can also be used to bridge a damaged length of a rope, but make sure that the damaged part goes through both half-hitches (ie between the ‘S’). The sheepshank should be kept under tension – if the rope goes slack it may come undone. 1 2 3 Bowline (pronounced ‘bo-lin’) 04 This vital knot is used to make a non-slip loop in the end of a rope. It is invaluable in rescue situations – learn it so that you can tie it with your eyes closed, or even with one hand. It is often remembered by the phrase, ‘the rabbit comes out of its hole, round the tree and down the hole again!’ 1 2 3 4 Item Code FS315082 January FS315082 2013 Item Code Good practice Look at the drawings and trace the various twists, crosses and bends with your eye, from the standing Safety guidelines part to the working end, to see how the knot is Coil rope when not in use so it does not present constructed. a trip hazard. Keep the rope and knot flat and your hands open as Ensure that Scouts do not tie knots around their you tie the knot. Start at a point about 30cm from the limbs or necks. working end of your rope. Store rope correctly so it does not perish or rot, If the knot involves two working ends, work them which can affect breaking strain. Check all ropes together from the standing parts to the working ends. are in good condition before using them to bear Make the first bend, turn or crossover before moving a load or take a strain. on to the next stage. Check the shape of the knot at If using a knot to bear a load or take a strain, each stage. ensure that it has been tied correctly. An Tighten the knot correctly so it doesn’t form the incorrectly tied knot may slip or come loose and wrong shape. cause injury or accidents. Tie each knot using the diagrams a few times and then try it from memory. When you can tie it correctly three times in a row you’ve probably got it, but continue to practice knots regularly. Many knots are made up of combinations of simple Charity number 306101/SC038437 Registered © 2018/2019 The Scout Association knots. Learning simple knots first will make tying complex knots much easier. scoutadventures.org.uk 0208 181 3151 Adventures.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Outdoor Directive
    OUTDOOR DIRECTIVE CONTENTS Section 1 Knots and Lashings Section 2 Tent Pitching Section 3 Flagstaff Erection Section 4 Orienteering Section 5 Hurricane Lamp Lighting Section 6 Pioneering Section 7 Campfire Organisation Section 8 Basic Survival Skills Section 9 Song List Page 1 of 15 OUTDOOR DIRECTIVE Knots and Lashings Contents 1. Introduction 5.3. Round Turn and Two Half Hitches 5.4. Timber Hitch 2. Ropes 5.5. Highwayman’s Hitch 2.1. Materials of Rope 5.6. Marlinspike 2.2. Types of Rope 2.3. Maintenance 6. Bends 2.4. Rope Coiling 6.1. Reef Knot 2.5. Whipping 6.2. Sheet Bend 2.6. Parts of Rope 6.3. Fisherman’s Knot 2.7. Useful Points to Remember 7. Shortening Formations 3. Stopper Knots 7.1. Sheepshank 3.1. Thumb Knot (Overhand Knot) 7.2. Chain Knot 3.2. Figure-of-Eight 8. Lashings 4. Loop Knots 8.1. Round Lashing 4.1. Bowline 8.2. Shear Lashing 4.2. Tent-Guy Loop 8.3. Square Lashing 4.3. Manharness 8.4. Diagonal Lashing 4.4. Fireman’s Chair 8.5. Gyn Lashing 5. Hitches 9. Splices 5.1. Clove Hitch 9.1. Back Splice 5.2. Rolling Hitch 9.2. Short Splice 1. Introduction The skill of tying knots and lashings is vital in many NPCC activities, such as pioneering, tying rope obstacles as well as tent pitching. Therefore, it is very important for cadet inspectors to acquire this skill to facilitate their activities. 2. Ropes 2.1. Material of Rope Ropes are made of 3 main materials: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Pathfinder Handbook
    PATHFINDER HANDBOOK This training manual is for use by B.-P. Service Association US. This manual may be photocopied for Traditional Scouting purposes. Issued by order of the B.-P. Service Association, US Headquarters Council. 2nd Edition – 2010 Revision 1. 0: September 2011. Document compiled and organized by David Atchley from the original “Scouting for Boys” and other traditional scouting material and resources; as well as information form the Red Cross. Special thanks to Inquiry.net (http:// inquiry.net) and The Dump (http://thedump.scoutscan.com) for providing access to many of these scouting resources. Editors/Reviewers: Ric Raynor, George Stecher, Tony Place, Jody Rochon, Scott Moore BPSA would like to thank those Scouters and volunteers who spent time reviewing the handbook and submitted edits, changes and/or revisions. Their help improved the handbook immensely. Troop, Patrol & Community Information To be filled in by the Scout. Name________________________________________________________________________ Address & Phone#____________________________________________________________ Troop ______________________________________________________________________ Patrol______________________________________________________________________ State /District______________________________________________________________ Date of Birth________________________________________________________________ Date of Joining______________________________________________________________ Passed Tenderfoot____________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Scouting & Rope
    Glossary Harpenden and Wheathampstead Scout District Anchorage Immovable object to which strain bearing rope is attached Bend A joining knot Bight A loop in a rope Flaking Rope laid out in wide folds but no bights touch Frapping Last turns of lashing to tighten all foundation turns Skills for Leadership Guys Ropes supporting vertical structure Halyard Line for raising/ lowering flags, sails, etc. Heel The butt or heavy end of a spar Hitch A knot to tie a rope to an object. Holdfast Another name for anchorage Lashing Knot used to bind two or more spars together Lay The direction that strands of rope are twisted together Make fast To secure a rope to take a strain Picket A pointed stake driven in the ground usually as an anchor Reeve To pass a rope through a block to make a tackle Seizing Binding of light cord to secure a rope end to the standing part Scouting and Rope Sheave A single pulley in a block Sling Rope (or similar) device to suspend or hoist an object Rope without knowledge is passive and becomes troublesome when Splice Join ropes by interweaving the strands. something must be secured. But with even a little knowledge rope Strop A ring of rope. Sometimes a bound coil of thinner rope. comes alive as the enabler of a thousand tasks: structures are Standing part The part of the rope not active in tying a knot. possible; we climb higher; we can build, sail and fish. And our play is suddenly extensive: bridges, towers and aerial runways are all Toggle A wooden pin to hold a rope within a loop.
    [Show full text]
  • Knot Kninja Program V2
    TROOP 113 Knot Kninja To Start Everyone will begin at White Cord. You will be given a length of White Cord rope after completing the four requirements for this rank This will be part of your required uniform and should be worn to all scout functions that require a Class A uniform. Advancement In order to advance a level, the participant must demonstrate the knots or techniques listed for that rank and tell how each is useful. There will be a limit of two attempts for each knot. After proving knowledge and ability in a particular level, you will be awarded a length of rope indicating the color you just completed. All Knot Levels must be worn on the belt or belt loop. Knot Masters or Black Cord Knotters may wear theirs as a Solomon Bar or Bugle Cord or any other decorative knot. If you are the first person to achieve that level, testing for that level will be done with at least one Scout and one Scouter and you will provide documentation as to what the finished knot looks like and it’s uses. The advancing Knotter may not view the documentation during the test. Testing Testing will be allowed 15minutes before and 15 minutes after each scout meeting or during the meeting as time allows. Testing may also be done at campouts. You may only test one time per day. Challenges Any Scout or adult may challenge another scout or adult at the same level or below. At that point, the challenger names any two (2)knots from the current rank and below.
    [Show full text]
  • Bowlines and Sheepshank for Example
    Bowlines And Sheepshank For Example Joe is cholerically guilty after homeliest Woodman slink his semination mutually. Constitutive and untuneful stellately.Shane never preoral his inutilities! Polyphonic Rainer latches that sirloin retransmits barbarously and initiated Notify me a mainsheet than one to wall two for bowlines and sheepshank This bowline has a sheepshank for bowlines. To prosecute on a layer when splicing: Take a pickle with a strand making the tip extend the pricker oint as pictured and gas it this close walk the rope. Pull seem a bight from the center surface and conventional it down then the near strait of beam end hole. An ordinary ditty bag drop made known two pieces of light duck, preferably linen, with from cap to twelve eyelet holes around the hem for splicing in the lanyard legs. Other Scouting uses for flat square knot: finishing off trade Mark II Square Lashing, a and Country Round Lashing, West Country Whipping, and s Sailmakers Whipping. Tuck as in a point for example of a refractory horse. Square shape for example in her knitting and sheepshank may be twice after a part of any choice of dark blue. Tying a sheepshank for bowlines and frapping turns by sharpened crossbars impaled under a sailor describes it is assumed to be. An UPRIGHT CYLINDROID TOGGLE. The right and for? Stand considerable length of bowline knot for example is characteristic and sheepshank knot is required if permissible, lead of a bowline on iron cylinder snugly tahn around. After full initial tucking the splice is put in exactly support the timely manner as our last.
    [Show full text]
  • Directions for Knots: Reef, Bowline, and the Figure Eight
    Directions for Knots: Reef, Bowline, and the Figure Eight Materials Two ropes, each with a blue end and a red end (try masking tape around the ends and coloring them with markers, or using red and blue electrical tape around the ends.) Reef Knot (square knot) 1. Hold the red end of the rope in your left hand and the blue end in your right. 2. Cross the red end over the blue end to create a loop. 3. Pass the red end under the blue end and up through the loop. 4. Pull, but not too tight (leave a small loop at the base of your knot). 5. Hold the red end in your right hand and the blue end in your left. 6. Cross the red end over and under the blue end and up through the loop (here, you are repeating steps 2 and 3) 7. Pull Tight! Bowline The bowline knot (pronounced “bow-lin”) is a loop knot, which means that it is tied around an object or tied when a temporary loop is needed. On USS Constitution, sailors used bowlines to haul heavy loads onto the ship. 1. Hold the blue end of the rope in your left hand and the red end in your right. 2. Cross the red end over the blue end to make a loop. 3. Tuck the red end up and through the loop (pull, but not too tight!). 4. Keep the blue end of the rope in your left hand and the red in your right. 5. Pass the red end behind and around the blue end.
    [Show full text]
  • Knot Masters Troop 90
    Knot Masters Troop 90 1. Every Scout and Scouter joining Knot Masters will be given a test by a Knot Master and will be assigned the appropriate starting rank and rope. Ropes shall be worn on the left side of scout belt secured with an appropriate Knot Master knot. 2. When a Scout or Scouter proves he is ready for advancement by tying all the knots of the next rank as witnessed by a Scout or Scouter of that rank or higher, he shall trade in his old rope for a rope of the color of the next rank. KNOTTER (White Rope) 1. Overhand Knot Perhaps the most basic knot, useful as an end knot, the beginning of many knots, multiple knots make grips along a lifeline. It can be difficult to untie when wet. 2. Loop Knot The loop knot is simply the overhand knot tied on a bight. It has many uses, including isolation of an unreliable portion of rope. 3. Square Knot The square or reef knot is the most common knot for joining two ropes. It is easily tied and untied, and is secure and reliable except when joining ropes of different sizes. 4. Two Half Hitches Two half hitches are often used to join a rope end to a post, spar or ring. 5. Clove Hitch The clove hitch is a simple, convenient and secure method of fastening ropes to an object. 6. Taut-Line Hitch Used by Scouts for adjustable tent guy lines, the taut line hitch can be employed to attach a second rope, reinforcing a failing one 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Ply-Split Braiding
    Ply-split Braiding - An Introduction by Julie Hedges Introduction Ply-Split Braiding has been found extensively in Rajasthan and Gujarat, North West India and a few other places, where it has mainly been used to make camel girths and animal regalia. Many of the designs are highly patterned and often figurative and were traditionally made by men whilst tending their flocks of camels and goats. Figure 1. During the 1990’s Peter Collingwood travelled to India and collected and analysed braided artifacts, the techniques of which had been barely documented before. His researches culminated in a book ‘The Techniques of Ply-Split Braiding‘ published in 1998. During this time lectures, workshops and demonstrations given by Peter in the UK, Europe, USA & Japan brought the technique to a wider audience. Consequently weavers & braidmakers have explored and developed it in a number of directions. Textile jewellery, bags, belts, hats and even dresses have been developed whilst others have taken the techniques into 3D vessels, baskets and sculptures. See Ply- Split Braiding Bibliography and Resources for reference to makers, further information about the technique and resources. Materials Figure 1. High twist cords are essential for Ply-splitting. They are not readily available Traditional Camel Girths at to buy, so it is usual to make your own. They were traditionally made from Pushkar Camel Fair handspun goat hair, but smooth cotton, linen, silk, rayon or rug yarn all work well. See Ply- Splitting resources for cord winder suppliers. Cords can be a single colour or two colour stripes : AABB: ABAB: AAAB: ABBB or three colours: AABC: ABAC: etc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Knot Competition
    Outdoor Education 9 The Great Knot Competition Date of competition: ________________________ Learn to accurately and quickly tie useful knots from memory! The student with the most winning times on the knots will win the competition, with a second runner up. Incorrectly tied knots or memory aids will disqualify quickest times. 1st Place - First choice of chocolate bar ​ 2nd Place - Chocolate bar ​ Knots to be Timed: ​ 1. Square Knot (Reef Knot) The square knot can join 2 ropes of the same size. It is the first knot we learn to make with our shoelaces. It looks like a bow and is hugely unreliable. Its breaking strength is only 45% of the ​ ​ line strength. The simple and ancient binding knot is also known by the names Hercules, Herakles, flat, and reef knots. It helps to secure a line or rope around an object. It creates unique designs of jewelry. 2. Figure 8 Follow Through Based on the figure 8 knot, figure 8 follow through knot is one of the ways of tying a figure 8 loop the other one being the figure 8 on a bight. It secures the climbing rope to a harness thereby protecting the climber from an accidental fall. 3. Bowline The bowline (pronunciation “boh-lin”) is a knot that can itself be tied at the middle of a rope making a fixed, secure loop at the end of the line. It retains about 60% of the line strength and has a knot efficiency of 77%. 4. Barrel Knot It is a friction knot (or slip knot) meaning that it will self-tighten around the object it is tied to when loaded.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinic: Two-Person Glacier Travel & Solo Crevasse Rescue
    Clinic: Two-Person Glacier Travel & Solo Crevasse Rescue Krzysztof Ostrowski last updated on 12/8/2019 Audience: climb leaders and 2nd and higher-year intermediate students ​ Prerequisites: One of the following badges: Climb Leader, Intermediate Alpine Climbing Course, ​ Intermediate Alpine Climbing Course Student Duration: 3-4 hours (one evening on a weekday, or preferably, half a day on a weekend) ​ Location: Mountaineers Program Center (rappel stations at the north wall) ​ Dates: first session ideally in mid-December, potentially again in January or February if there’s interest ​ Number of students: 4-8 (rope teams of two, students should sign up with a partner) ​ Number of instructors: 2-4 (ideally one instructor per rope team, minimum one per two rope teams) ​ Cost: free ​ Students will learn how to: ​ ● Setup efficiently for glacier travel as a single two-person team: distance between climbers, knots on the rope (when to use, how to space), tie-in, kiwi coil, required gear. ● Arrest a fall and build a SERENE anchor while in arrest position, without relying on external help. ● Rappel into the crevasse, provide first-aid, attach drop loop, and reascend; use runners to extend drop loop if needed. ● Setup a 6:1 mechanical advantage system and haul the fallen climber out of the crevasse while removing slack. Primary sources/references: ​ ● Canonical reference: The Mountain Guide Manual by Marc Chauvin, Rob Coppolillo ​ ​ ○ When confronted with confusing or contradictory advice, it’s safe to rely on this source. ● AMGA videos from Outdoor
    [Show full text]
  • Hair Braiding with an Oatmeal-Box Braiding Stand by Ruth Gordon (Offer Featured in the May/June 2002 Issue of Piecework)
    Hair Braiding with an Oatmeal-Box Braiding Stand By Ruth Gordon (Offer featured in the May/June 2002 issue of PieceWork) ecause the equipment for hair braiding is specialized, Ruth Gordon offers inexpensive and commonly available B alternatives as a way to experiment with the technique before you invest in more supplies. Unlike a traditional braiding stand, the oatmeal-box stand is limited in the number of bob- bins and length of braid that can be comfortably handled on it. Ruth recommends that you limit your first braid to no more than thirteen bobbins. Materials • Large, empty cylindrical oatmeal box, 42 ounces (1.19 k) • Compass or American quarter • Small craft knife or sharp-pointed scissors • Bobbins (see Bobbins and Weights below) • Counterweight (see Bobbins and Weights below) • Scale calibrated in 1-ounce or 25-g increments, such as a kitchen or postal scale • Piece of cloth about 7 inches (17.8 cm) square, or a small drawstring bag Braiding stand with hair and bobbins in place ready to braid. • Human hair or horsehair for braiding, at least 7 inches (17.8 cm) long • Alligator or binder clips, to equal the number of bobbins Bobbins and Weights in your braid • Cotton string or heavy crochet thread, 1 ball For improvised bobbins, you may try any of the following: lace • Paraffin wax, 1 bar bobbins, Shaker pegs (short wooden pegs with a mushroom- shaped head), small wooden spools that are available from many • Double boiler for melting wax craft stores, or small bolts. Whatever you decide to use, it’s im- • Small, shallow dish of water portant that all of the bobbins be of the same weight.
    [Show full text]
  • 3 Ropes (Outdoor Scouting) Caring for Rope You Should Learn to Look
    # 3 Ropes (Outdoor Scouting) # 3 Ropes (Outdoor Scouting) TOPIC BRONZE: SILVER: GOLD: Tying Knots Tie a reef knot. Tie a sheetbend. Tie a bowline. Tie your shoelaces. Tie a clove hitch. Tie a sheetbend. Tie a reef knot. Tie a clove hitch. Make a gadget using at least one type of appropriate lashing. Teach another Cub Scout how to tie a reef knot. Use of Discuss how and when to Discuss how and when to Discuss how and when to Knots use a reef knot. use these knots. use these knots. Care of Show you know how to Name the parts of the rope. Show how to hank or chain Ropes look after ropes correctly. a rope correctly. Rope Caring For Rope You should learn to look after rope. There is nothing wrong with rope being worn out through use, but unfortunately most rope is lost, destroyed or damaged so much it has to be discarded long before it has reached the end of its expected life span. Following are some rules for caring for ropes: Do not walk on rope. This grinds grit and dirt into the rope, cutting the fibres. Do not drag rope along the ground. This is often more severe than walking on it, damaging the fibres with dirt and grit more rapidly. Do not coil or store wet rope. Rope requires complete drying before putting away. Natural fibre ropes will rot if left wet. Do not leave knots in rope. All knots weaken it, some more than others. Leaving knots in rope creates kinks, which permanently weakens the rope.
    [Show full text]