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Tropical Gardening Companion

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Tropical Gardening Companion 1 Costa Rica Tropical Gardening Companion Do not use plants for medicinal purposes without seeking a medical physicians advice. Dr. KO Luedtke PhotographerDr. RF Luedtke 2 PRICE: A donation of food and cleaning supplies to a wildlife rescue facility. Or a cash donation to a conservation or wildlife society. Many are listed on Amazon for cash donations, but your local ones would be thankful for food and cleaning supplies. Costa Rica: Tropical Gardening Companion Dr KO Luedtke Photographs by RF and KO Luedtke The contents of this book are the sole rights of the author. Please share this ebook with your friends and if you utilize information please don’t forget to cite this book . ISBN: 978-0-9832448-5-1 Tropical Gardening Companion © Dr KO Luedtke 2013, 2020 Copieco, Costa Rica 50mts sur de la entrada principal UCR San Pedro, Costa Rica Chapter 1: Let’s start the day with Coffee and Perfume Chapter 2: Putting In A Little Color For Cut Flowers Chapter 3: Add Some Color From The Ground Up Chapter 4: Splashes Of Color Cross The Sky Chapter 5: Add Some Green To That Afternoon Tea Chapter 6: Oh Those Beautiful Wall Flowers Chapter 7: Add A Little Shade And Some Fruit Chapter 8: Tropical Breezes Chapter 9: Let’s Go Native Chapter 10: Helpful Spanish Words Chapter 11: Other Garden Visitors Chapter 12: Trash Trees, Weeds And Wild Things Chapter 13: The Ones in Danger Do not use plants for medicinal purposes without seeking a medical physicians advice. 3 Dedication To Ivy For all of her ideas and help in getting this book noticed. To My Husband For labor and tolerance And To My father Who didn’t see this book published But was the one who raised us outdoors and went out of his way to put us in FFA Do not use plants for medicinal purposes without seeking a medical physicians advice. 4 INTRODUCTION Welcome to Costa Rica, Latitude 9 in the tropics. Whether you bought a house with space to start up a garden or are just renting, Costa Rica is the place to get your fingers in the dirt. The varieties of plants that grow in this tropical belt are outstanding. Everything from your true thought of tropical gardens with bougainvilleas, gingers, heliconias, bromeliads and orchids to your cultivated geraniums and hydrangeas. You are sure to not be disappointed by anything other than possibly the odd unsuccessful adventure of hunting down that one special plant for your garden. Like us humans, some plants can adapt and put down roots anywhere, others though need a little special treatment and climate zone. Throughout this book of flowers, trees and shrubs you’ll find information on which altitude and what these plant preferences are. Costa Ricans also have their own names for plants, so where they are known they are included, these names though may not be the same in other Central American or Latin American countries, furthermore some names are used for multiple plants. I am not a botanist and don’t pretend to be one, this book is written for the many people who have asked which plant is which and where do you get it. The plants listed are from personal experience. There are many plants which are easily available yet have no name attached, or are called by several different names which actually belong to one scientific family. The plants that are not named are because either the name could not be found through research or via the local people. This gardening book is written for everyone, so although the scientific names of the plants are included much of the botanist lingo is not unless there is simply no other way to describe the plant. In addition to that, there are many plants easily encountered as to which names have not been found but are included for their beauty and ease to acquire. The regions dealt with are from 2500 meters to down to sea level, with emphasis on Poás, Bosque del Niño, San Isidro de Grecia, Atenas, and Herradura areas. Nurseries are everywhere, locally called viveros (pronounced like vee-vair-oh, literally meaning life givers). The largest viveros are in Garita to the west of the airport but the small ones on just about every street have something a little different to offer. Although many plants are easy to find there are others that will be difficult, so if you see them in someone’s garden you might want to ask for a cutting or two. So before we get started if you’re one who prefers to get down to the heart of the matter then at the end of each section of tidbits you’ll find pictures and as many of the plant details as possible. All settled in? How about waking up in Paradise to the sounds of the yigüiro or rufous wren at daylight as sense number two flips on to register… sniff, sniff, mmm, coffee percolating slowly while the morning fog rolls off the mountain top. A couple more sniffs, not of the brew now, but of the coffee blossom wafting in with morning light. Now we are ready to begin gardening. Do not use plants for medicinal purposes without seeking a medical physicians advice. 5 Chapter 1: LET’S START WITH OUR COFFEE Café Arabica. About one third of the world’s population partakes of this plant’s offerings in one drink or another. As the story goes we owe the pleasure of this morning brew to an Arab goat herder whose flock was a little more than wacky. Taking an interest in his flock’s behavior he tried the berries that the goats were eating and experienced that awe that we need to perk us up in the morning. Yemen was the primary grower of this Ethiopian plant. (Wilson, 2012) Prohibition on coffee? Who would have thought? But prohibition or no it hit the coffee house tables with a splash! Subsequently it planted itself throughout Europe as a delightful concoction causing a flurry of new businesses that hasn’t stopped growing in 400 years! One grand opening in the pre-Starbuck days was in London in 1652 attracting politicians, artists and literary connoisseurs. Thus established, the coffee house was on the brink of stardom spreading across Europe and across the sea, first this way then that went those sailing beans. Coffee first went sailing with the Dutch to Java and Polynesia. Later it took another world tour and with the discovery of the West Indies and the Americas propagation of these plants went wild through the region. Come the 20th century and the coffee boom was on again with coffee houses, flavored coffee and coffee to go at its helm not to mention coffee ice cream. These plants make nice garden features not just an agricultural income. Their dark glossy green leaves with ruffled edges make a nice hedge. The best about them, besides the coffee that is, is when the rains come and the one centimeter white flowers line the branches bringing in the pleasant fragrance of jasmine. After the flowers fall the fruits will begin to form as green berries each housing one or two beans. Once the berries are red, they are ripe and sweet. This bush needs some care though. It has its plagues even though it is found growing wild in abandoned areas. It’s susceptible to rust and to black spots which require lime (locally known as cal) and spraying, respectively. It also needs to be maintained or it will take off to the sky in heights up to 15 feet making it look scraggily. Name: Coffee (Coffea arabica), Family: Rubiaceae Local Name:Café Origin: Africa, Yemen Elevation: 0-6561 feet Likes: shade or sun, tolerates drought but prefers water Height: 15+ feet Leaves: dark evergreen, pointed and ruffled Do not use plants for medicinal purposes without seeking a medical physicians advice. 6 Flower: white ½ inch at each leaf joint on branch fragrance similar to Jasmine Fruits: ½ inch usually ripe red in dry season Dec-Feb, sometimes twice a year fruit is sweet inside one or two coffee beans Propagation: beans but easier with bush Uses:Throughout the ages this plant has provided more than just coffee. In addition to being used locally as firewood which burns very hot it also has some medicinal uses and folk medicine. It has been used as a stimulant, an agent for reducing asthma by dilating the pulmonary airways, a diuretic, a mild laxative, and a digestive aid. It’s even been said to reduce the incidence of intestinal cancer. Add to that the use of folk medicine in boiling the leaves for use anthelmintic and fever reduction amongst a list of others. Since morning and afternoon coffee is a cultural habit and your senses are heightened, why not have a fragrant garden in which to enjoy it? Perhaps the first plants listed are not your native Central and South American tropical plants but they grow beautifully from Poás down to Atenas that’s to say from 2952 feet or more down to 900; Roses and Gardenias. Let’s talk roses first. Too many species to name primarily from Asia have been cultivated and crossbred from fewer than 10 species. Not only are they for attesting your love or admiration or decorating a wedding table they have been used for perfumes and sources of vitamin C. The Attar of rose, especially damask and centifolia has touched many of the most expensive perfumes sold once its oil had been extracted from petals.
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