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2013 's of the Cross in the Face of the Challenge of the Neo-Pentecostal Movement and Its Prosperity Message Hossana Yohanna

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Recommended Citation Yohanna, Hossana, "Martin Luther's in the Face of the Challenge of the Neo-Pentecostal Movement and Its Prosperity Gospel Message" (2013). MA Theses. Paper 27.

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses at Digital Commons @ Luther Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in MA Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Luther Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MARTIN LUTHER’S THEOLOGY OF THE CROSS IN THE FACE OF THE

CHALLENGE OF THE NEO-PENTECOSTAL MOVEMENT AND ITS

PROSPERITY GOSPEL MESSAGE

by

HOSSANA YOHANNA

A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of

Luther Seminary

In Partial Fulfillment of

The Requirements for the Degree of

MASTER OF ARTS

THESIS ADVISER: PROFESSOR GUILLERMO C. HANSEN

ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA

2013

This thesis may be duplicated only by special permission of the author.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

It is obvious that a project such as this would not have been possible without the support of so many people. My appreciation goes to my thesis advisor and academic advisor, Dr. Guillermo C. Hansen, whose teaching and theological approach has influenced my thinking and guided me through the process of this work by formulating the topic and adeptly guided me and provided helpful suggestions all the way long so that the work moved to completion. Dr. Lois Malcolm and Dr. Charles Amjad-Ali both offered expert suggestions that improved the thesis greatly.

I am grateful to Mr. & Mrs. Gary and Deanne Sande who were both my parents and friends while in the USA, and Prof. & Mrs. Bradley Holt and all my friends in

Nigeria, United States, and St. Paul Lutheran (SPR) for their love, concern and support.

I appreciate my parents; the late Baba Yohanna Dan Rettinya and Mama

Maryamu Yohanna, for their parental care and other family members who have help me in many practical and generous ways.

A big appreciation to my beloved wife Mrs. Sarauniya Hossana and children,

Rachel Hossana, Luther Adakponsunme Hossana, Glad Inyoh Yohanna and Pillar

Hossana, who have all served as my source of inspiration in the cause of this work.

My appreciation is also extended to the my church, The Lutheran Church of

Christ in Nigeria (LCCN), The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) for the

ii scholarship, without which I wouldn’t have embarked on this journey. I also appreciate the entire members of the Lutheran Church of Christian Nigeria (LCCN) Ikeja, and the whole of Lagos Division, Abuja Diocese.

Finally, the greatest of all my appreciation is to God almighty, under whose arms

I have studied. To him be the glory and honor forever more.

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...... ii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...... vi

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1

Definition of Terms ...... 3 ...... 3 Charismatics ...... 4 Neo-Pentecostalism...... 5 Prosperity Gospel ...... 5 Mainline Protestant ...... 6 Statement of the Problem ...... 8 Purpose