2(27 )، اﻟﺼﻴﻒ 1442/ 1399/ 2020 ، ﺻﺺ 41 - 67 ISSN: 2538-2160 http://aijh.modares.ac.ir
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' :T,F µ_* ny3C .2. 2. 2. n -Æ Fu n ì%ì n F 77 WDCF nBv 3F@ n y HC z F zAA4 TS A# n( .0-Í ) WD ^H ny 3 .1. .`,f'F #FH ^ ® n$ A3 s nQ sp s Y H }Ì n M_ Y3 r M, r k A# ^H :yc D nW'C !Û. Downloaded from aijh.modares.ac.ir at 3:50 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 ¾ F F F . . ! .H3 [ d IQ nBv 3F@ n F v I?@Ap n( -Æ51 ) nØ'FC .±. . \ p ¤C #7 ,' n #C ` F W 4 F , n( -Æ5- )M ny D .5. n rv $' " s Y H Wv n]F 'd c L n( -ÆÆ5 ) z?3* 'C ny'CS .Æ. . 7v . #FH I pF IQ nBv 3F@ n , T n( .002 )TK e ny A4 ³0. 61 ... 9+ /$# *+ *I=P *$ @% 8 . L ©K" "> xx H n n F l n @ )D Ik ¦, , A# H ( !¿ )wQC nRck %. . . ` n #C . #FH I F pF I Q nBv 3F@ nY c 'h T, Y n( .00± ) c L n'd ³.. . \ p ¤C ,'d n , F F, 67 n( -ÆÆ5 )p 3C n ³³. {cHp ^'w n F ff q7 )DC A# H n( .00± )Ñ c L Y 3K X n H ³2. . s n rv $' " s M_ $eX n x,G n[K s 'Ì [K n ,'F F , 'G Oj n( .0-- )$s n ,H Ñ n3 ³1. Æ2. Æ2. ±± |* . ±³ n F 77 M' ro #7 È F nBv 3F@ nQAp ) BL `' ^ T H n( .0-0 )DF nA ³Í. .Wv ' DF s nQ sp s Y H }Ì n ' c G O,7 , y F r@P H :z? n %·. . . !· n F w A4 s n Q sp s Y H n U \ ' &Ñ [® I, F A# ^H : *7 n e\ T %¿. . . !% n F,' . \4Fx IQ n P 3F@ n A4F T\F n( -ÆÍÍ )O ', DF n ³Æ. 3F@ nO H TÑ 3 'F F :_: D n , _ n( .00Æ )yf® YA \ nzD H 20. .`,f' #H yl Wv nBv .r r k g <# n$ *p , O j' n (.00. ), D n 2-. . a z'4 " p $ c4 n x,G , zC' n'D nz a n( .0-1 )I ny SÇ 2.. Downloaded from aijh.modares.ac.ir at 3:50 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 . #HF 4x " p IQ n 7x 3F@ nz |HF µ S7L n( .00- ) n>@4, 2³. n` Fu nM' , d Fl nr q , F 7 4 $ v dK n( .0-. ) h nO ', 22. . . ³-0 .5³ |* n W ,K n 62 1JJF * HI F2 % 2 FG % E References: [1] Abdullah, Ali Awwad. (2017). Anatomy of Time (An Approach to Roba'iyat Al-Khosoof of Ibrahim Al-Koni) , 1 st Edition, Amman: Al-Warraq Institution for Publishing and Distribution. [2] Al-Abdullah, Yahya. (2005). 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L ©K" "> The Character's Structure in the Novel Qabil: Ain Akhuk Habil (Cane: Where Is Your Brother Abel?) by Ibrahim al-Koni Amir FarhangNia 1*, Ali Purhamdanian 2 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Beheshti University 2. MA, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Beheshti University Abstract Personality is an important aspect and is always presented in the narrative structure of a novel as a literary genre. It is the main astronomy whose orbit revolves around the elements of other narratives of time, place and scenes that make these elements meaningful and understandable. Characters are those who hold the ideas and opinions that the narrator is in connection with expression, which carries a message to the community or other platforms, through its use in the narrative context. As for Libyan novels, renowned novelist Ibrahim Al-Koni has the merit of its prosperity and its impact on hearts, as his novels were researched again and again. Qabil: Ain Akhuk Habil (Cane: Where Is Your Brother Abel?) is among novels that are not devoid of fictional creations. This book is famous for employing heritage, culture and dialogues that tend to philosophical contents at times. This article attempts to consider the character structure in the aforementioned novel using the descriptive-analytical method. In fact, this is a historical one that narrates the events that took place in the judgment of Pasha al-Qaramanli in Libya but in a literary language, it reveals to the readers the prowess of the narrator. This Libyan literature deals with historical issues from the literary perspective and adds many personalities and events hence, turning itself more than historical due to the role of characters in the narration. This article deals with methods of choosing the characters, the role of central characters and the effectiveness of personalities. Among the most prominent findings is the link characters develop from the imagination of the novelist with the world’s heritage and cultures, and to multiply an exegetical description of central and effective characters, Downloaded from aijh.modares.ac.ir at 3:50 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 the use event, and internal dialogue as means of presenting those personalities. Keywords : Personality Structure; Central and Active Personality; Ibrahim al-Koni; Qabil Ain Akhuk Habil (Cane: Where Is Your Brother Abel?) ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ * Corresponding Author's E-mail : [email protected] 66 1JJF * HI F2 % 2 FG % E ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ در رﻣﺎن« ﻗﺎﺑﻴﻞ أﻳﻦ أﺧﻮك ﻫﺎﺑﻴﻞ » اﺛﺮ اﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ اﻣﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻧﻴﺎ 1* ، ﻋﻠﻲ ﭘﻮرﺣﻤﺪاﻧﻴﺎن 2 1 . اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر، ﮔﺮوه زﺑﺎن و ادﺑﻴﺎت ﻋﺮﺑﻲ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺸﺘﻲ 2 . ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎس ارﺷﺪ، ﮔﺮوه زﺑﺎن و ادﺑﻴﺎت ﻋﺮﺑﻲ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺸ ﺘﻲ ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻬﻤﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر رواﺋﻲ رﻣﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ژاﻧﺮ ادﺑﻲ، ﻣﻄﺮح و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑ ﺔ ﺔ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ اي اﺻﻠﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ دﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ رواﻳﺖ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ زﻣﺎن، ﻣﻜﺎن و ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻫﺎي رواﺋﻲ، ﻣﻌﻨﺎي ﺧﻮد را در آن ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ. ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي رﻣﺎن درﺑﺮدارﻧﺪه اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻈﺮاﺗﻲ ا ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ رﻣﺎن ﻧﻮﻳﺲ در ﺻﺪد ﺑﻴﺎن آن ﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي رﻣﺎن ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد در ﻣﺘﻦ رواﻳﺖ، ﮔﺎه ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻲ را از ﻃﺮف رواﻳﺘﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و دﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺮﻳﺒﻮن ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ. اﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ، رﻣﺎن ﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﻣﺸﻬﻮر ﻟﻴﺒﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰاﻳﻲ در ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ آن داﺷﺘﻪ ، ﺑﺎ آﺛﺎر ﮔﺮان ﺳﻨﮓ ﺧﻮد در ﺷﻜﻮه رﻣﺎن ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻧﻬﺎده و آﺛﺎر زﻳﺎدي ﻧﻴﺰ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ آﺛﺎرش ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. رﻣﺎن (ﻗﺎﺑﻴﻞ أﻳﻦ أﺧﻮك ﻫﺎﺑﻴﻞ) داراي ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻫﺎﻳﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ وي ﺑﺪان ﺷﻬﺮت ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؛ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻴﺮاث و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ. اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ دارد ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ - ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ، ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ را در اﻳﻦ رﻣﺎن ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. اﻳﻦ رواﻳﺖ ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎت و روﻳﺪادﻫﺎي زﻣﺎن ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺎﻧﻠﻲ در ﻟﻴﺒﻲ ﻣﻲ ﭘﺮدازد. زﺑﺎن ادﺑﻲ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر رﻣﺎن ﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرت وي را ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ روﺷﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزد، از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ رﻣﺎن اﺳﺖ. وي ﺑﺎ دﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻲ ادﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ رﻣﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ و روﻳ ﺪادﻫﺎ و ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺎدي را ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن اﻓﺰوده اﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ اﻳﻦ رﻣﺎن ﺑﻴﺶ از آﻧﻜﻪ ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ادﺑﻲ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎ در اﻳﻦ رﻣﺎن، اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻮري و ﭘﻮﻳﺎ و روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ آن ﻫﺎ را ﺑ ﻪ واﺳﻄﻪ روﻳﺪادﻫﺎ و ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮي داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. رﺑﻂ دادن ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي رواﻳﻲ ﻧﺸﺄت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از ﺧﻴﺎل رﻣﺎن ﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺪن و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ، ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺟﻨﺒ ﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻮري و ﭘﻮﻳﺎي رﻣﺎن، ﺑ ﻪ ﻛﺎرﮔﻴﺮي روﻳﺪاد رواﻳﻲ و ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮي داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺼﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي داﺳﺘﺎن از ﻣﻬﻢ - ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺠﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺪان رﺳﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ. Downloaded from aijh.modares.ac.ir at 3:50 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 واژﮔﺎن ﻛﻠﻴﺪي: ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ، ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻮري و ﭘﻮﻳﺎ، ، اﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ اﻟﻜﻮﻧﻲ، ﻗﺎﺑﻴﻞ أﻳﻦ أﺧﻮك ﻫﺎﺑﻴﻞ ؟ ؟ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ * ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ: E-mail: [email protected] 67