Wagon Tracks Volume 4 Article 1 Issue 3 Wagon Tracks Volume 4, Issue 3 (May 1990)
1990 Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) Santa Fe Trail Association
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=-=-=.== - =. -- -=:. ---==--:. ::.- =---=-=- = -----=-- ~ ----=- =--=--= ------.~-- : ~ ~==-- ===-=- = =-- = = =-- =--=' -=-=------.=....=.--55 -:...=--55 - - :: =-- -=~=-----==---- _----==--=-::- -:: --=- 5""':- VOLUME 4 MAY 1990 NUMBER 3 i 1989 TRAIL ISSUE RECEIVES AWARD The Mexican Road issue of Jour nal ofthe West (April 1989), edit ed by SFTA board member M~rk L. Gardner, was selected as the best issue in 1989 by the editorial advisory board of that publica tion. Gardner received a certifi cate and cash award in recogni tion of his fine work. Congratula tions Mark! This, issue of the journal, reviewed in the May1989 WT, was also published in book form. The ,I Mexican Road: Trade, Travel, and i I Confrontation on the Santa Fe This handsome new sign adorns the entrance gate at Fort Union National Trail may be purchased at your Monument. It is believed to be the first sign using the National Hstoric bookstore (if they don't have it Trail designs·ion. ' , ask them to stock it) or ordered directly from SunflowerUniversi AND YOU THOUGHT YOU KNEW TRAIL HISTORY? ty Press, Box 1009, Manhattan, KS ATTEND CONFERENCE ON NEW MEXICAN TRADERS 66502 (913) 539-1888. Gardner stated, "I was very glad On August 11 and 12,1990, a spe different view. On Sunday visits to receive notification of the cial Trail conference held in and are scheduled to the Trail sites award and feel that congratula around Las Vegas, New Mexico, of Mora, San Miguel, Lorna Parda, tions are in order to all the con From Zia to Wagonwheel: New and Fort Union National Monument tributors to the issue." Mexicans and the Santa Fe to learn of their contributions to Trade, will examine the role and Trail history. The conference NATIONAL FRONTIER significance of the New Mexican guarantees that you will under aspect of the trade,. Soon after stand the Trail better, you will TRAILS CENTER OPENED Spain colonized the valley of the see ruts and historic Trail sites, Nearly 300 people braved the af Rio Grande, New Mexicans were and enjoy the hospitality and mild termath of Independence, Mis trading to the east. Mexican in climate of northeastern New Mex souri's worst snow storm in 12 dependence in 1821 opened the ico. For more information see the years on Saturdaymorning, March gates and traders from Missouri enclosed registration form or con 24, to participate in and view the poured into New Mexico, leaving tact Dr. Michael Olsen, Dept. of ribbon cutting for that city's new a l'egacywhichhas overshadowed History, New Mexico Highlands National Frontier Trails Center. the contributions of those New University, Las Vegas, NM 87701. The facility is housed in a ren Mexicans who were a vital strand ovated flour mill on which the in this fabric of history. SFTA BOARD TO State of Missouri spent 2.4 mil Who were the New Mexican MEET MAY 31 lion dollars for reconstruction, traders? Why did they dominate restoration, equipment, and ex the trade in the early 1840s? How SFTA President Joseph Snell has hibits. The City of Independence was the groundwork laid prior to called a meeting ofthe governing will operate the Center which is 1821? Did New Mexican involve board to meet atthe Santa Fe Trail intended to commemorate and col ment end afterthe American inva Center, Larned, KS, at 1:00 p.m., lectthe history ofthe Oregon, Cal sion in 1846? Howwere New Mex May 31, 1990. This will precede ifornia, and Santa Fe trails, each icans involved with Fort Union in the Trail Center's 1990 Santa Fe of which had an eastern terminus the trade? How is a New Mexican Trail Rendezvous which begins in the vicinity. Trail-era community preserving later that evening. The Oregon-California Trails As its heritage and values of those Snell notes thatthere are a num sociation (OCTA) has located its days? All these questions and ber of items on the agenda, most national headquarters in one of more will be answered by experts of them operating committee re the mill buildings and has loaned addressing the conference. ports and suggestions, buthe will the Center some of its holdings. Participants will have the op attempt to speed through them. All The Center itself is generously portunity to walk the Traii and see SFTA members are welcome to at making its gift shop available to the landmarks from an entirely tend the meeting. <] (continued on page 2)
Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 1 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1
PRESIDENT'S COLUMN an auditorium, exhibitgallery, li tor Mike Pitel, Santa Fe, who was brary and research room, and ar on hand to represent the governor It was my pleasure, as president chival storage and processing of New Mexico). Students from the of SFTA, to attend nearly all the area, all located on the ground Santa Fe Trail Elementary School events surrounding the opening floor. The second level will be presented a pageant entitled "Let and dedication of the National renovated into office and other ters Sent from the Santa Fe Trai1." Frontier Trails Center in Indepen necessary spaces. After lunch activities shiftedto dence, Missouri, last month. I the Harry S Truman Library and have been involved in the plan The six-day dedication began ning and execution of a few the evening of March 23 with an Museum where SFTA President Joe similar events and have attended elegant dinner inthe Adam's Mark Snell introduced Simmons to a full house to speak on ''TrailblazerKit' dozens of others but never have Hotel where dishes ranged from I seen one so lavish and so well "rattlesnake terrine with painted Carson: Hero or Villain." Sim supported by local and state gov desert sauces" to "grilled rack of mon's paper was well received and precipitated many questions ernments and by individuals and lamb with a three mushroom dux corporations. elle and sauce of cabernet." Var regarding Kit Carson's recent ious wines from Southwest Cel vilification by some groups and I don't mean just the fine food lars of New Mexico, Bethel individuals. Following his pre and entertainment; I mean the Heights of Oregon, and the Berin sentation, Simmons presented a ded.ication with which the com ger winery in California's Napa handsome framed portrait of Kit munity has backed and promoted Valley were served along with an Carson, taken in St. Louis in the Center. City officials, state explanation of each type by win December 1864, to National Fron legislators, citizens, and local ery representatives. tier Trails Center Director Dan businesses have pulled out all Holt, to hang in the Center. the stops to make the Center a Despite the heavy snow, visit That evening VanAnn Moore, success. ing dignitaries and guests drove to the new Center for a preview flown in from New Mexico for the But their work is Just beginning. reception given by Lt. Gov. Mel occasion, performed her Chau The Center is now housed in a fine Carnahan and Mayor Barbara tauqua program, a portrayal of Su facility but it has few three Potts. The Center formally accept san Shelby Magoffin. Many SFTA dimensional artifacts, only a ed a collection of trail artifacts members fondly remember her small library of published mater collected and donated by Dr. and remarkable program from the sym ial, and a limited quantity of Mrs. William Paden. A short but posium in Santa Fe. primary source documents. At the excellent film commissioned by The National FrontierTrails Cen opening the National Archives and the Center, entitled West, was ter, located at Pacific and Osage Records Administration announ shown publicly for the first time. streets in Independence, MO, is ced that it was depositing prints now open for business five days of microfilms which relate to the The following morning two ten a week with the galleries, con trails in the Center, Merrill Mattes year-old descendants of pioneers gave his personal library, and who traveled the California Trail, taining excellent exhibits on each of the trails, also open on William Paden presented a group Jennifer Zimmerman and Jacob weekends. All SFTA members are of objects collected on the Oregon Queener, cut the gallery ribbon invited to visit the Center when Trail over the last several and officially opened the Center they are in the area. decades. to the public. Later, at a recogni We wish tile National Frontier tion brunch at Arrowhead Stadium PLEASE CHECK YOUR MEMBERSHIP Trails Center, its executive direc the Center presented its first an EXPIRATION DATE ON THE ADDRESS tor Dan Holt, and its community nual Award of Distinction to Mer LABEL. RENEW IF NECESSARY. of supporters success in its mis rill Mattes, former National Park THANK YOU. sion. While keeping in mind that Service historian who is well known among trail buffs. That Wagon Tracks is the official publication the Santa Fe Trail Association is of the Santa Fe Trail Association, a non headquartered and houses its ar evening the pioneerwoman statue profit organization incorporated under the chives in the Santa Fe Trail Center especially commissioned for the laws of the State of Colorado. Letters are Center was dedicated and un welcome, but they become the property at Lamed, Kansas, I encourage of WT and may be edited or abridged at veiled. the editor's discretion. All rights reserved. every trail buff to visit and to help Inquiries can be directed to the appropriate the. National FrontierTrails Center The tenor of the grand opening addresses below. Annual subscriptions are In any way you can. changed for Monday, Tuesday, obtained through membership in the AS-· sociation, whose dues are fixed per calen Someday the Center will be an and Wednesday which were re dar year. Checks should be made payable spectively designated Oregon to the Santa Fe Trail Association and sent outstanding repository of both to the secretary-treasurer. primary and secondary materials Trail, California Trail, and Santa Fe Trail days. Speakers included Membership Categories relating to overland travel and Benefactor $1,000 trade, thus making research on Mattes, Jeanne Watson (a New Patron $lOO/year Jersey museum curator and mem Institutional $25/year those subjects much easier for a family $15/year large percentage of the nation's ber of the council ofthe American Individual $10/year population. Association for State and Local Editor: Leo E. Oliva, RR 1, Box 31, Woodston -Joseph W. Snell History), and Marc Simmons, im KS 67675 ' mediate past president of SFTA. President: Joseph W. Snell, 5609 Hawick, Topeka, KS 66614 TRAILS CENTER OPENED Pauline "Polly" Fowler was in Vice-President: Timothy A. Zwink, 807 N. charge of Santa Fe Trail day. She (continued from pagel) Sunset Dr., Alva, OK 73717 provided an excellent program Secretary-Treasurer: Ruth Olson, Santa Fe OCTA and SFTAfree of charge. Dur and served as mistress of cer Trail Center, RR 3, Larned, KS 67550 ing the opening festivities SFTA 1991 Symposium Coordinator: Richard R. For emonies which began at 9:00 a.m. ry, 205 S. 6th St., Arrow Rock, MO 65320 sold more than $600 worth of . with the raising of a New Mexico Publicity Coordinator: Michael E. Pitel, Tano books. flag over the Center (the flag was Rd., RI. 4, Box 240, Santa Fe, NM 87501 Included in the new facility are furnished by SFTA Publicity Direc- -2- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 2 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990)
LOGO WAITS APPROVAL WAGONBED SPRINGS St., Lakin. Just for the record, Kearny County has five Daughters Louann ] ordan has designed an DATES FROM 1847 of the American Revolution (DAR) attractive logo, featuring an ox Ron French, Ulysses, KS, sent an Trail markers. yoke, for SFTA board considera undated clipping from the Ulyss tion at the May 31 meeting. Per es News relating that the famous ADOLPH BANDELIER haps the "identity crisis" of this springs on the Cimarron River, young(,Qrganization will soon be first known as Lower Cimarron ANNIVERSARY PROGRAMS resolveo. Watch for the next is Springs or Lower Springs byTrail Adolph Bandelier, pioneer anth sue of WT to see the official de travelers, received a new name in ropologist of the Southwest, was sign. As soon as a logo is adopt 1847. According to WilliamBoyd, born August 6, 1840, and the ed, SFTA will offer several items a member of an 1847 caravan of Maxwell Museum of Anthropology incorporating the mark of iden some 30 travelers, who told the in Albuquerque is hosting a 150th tification. stOry to E. F. Towler, father-in anniversary conference on August law of Harry]oyce who owned the 6-7, 1990. Alan Shalette, coordi CORRECTION site of the springs atthe time the nator, announces that more than An editing error in Virginia Lee article was printed, the party a dozen noted scholars will pre Fisher's article about ] edediah sank the wagon bed to collectwa sent papers. Smith in the last WTmust be cor ter and thereby contributed the August will be Bandelier Month rected. On page 13, column 1, new name. in New Mexico, and other events lines 16-17, change "Smith set Boyd related that, before cross include a ceremony at Pecos Na about learning Spanish" to "Park ing the Arkansas River to head tional Monument on August 5, spe man set about learning Spanish." across 'the "]ornado de Muerto" to cial guided tours ofthe Bandelier Apologies to Dr. Fisher, Samuel the Cimarron, ithad been arranged National Monument on August 8, Parkman, ]edediah Smith, and all that every wagon would carry special program on Bandelier as readers. spare parts so that a complete part ofthe Founder's Day celebra spare wagon could be puttogether tions at Bandelier National Monu ANOTHER SIGN ON FORT if necessary. When the train ar ment on August 25, and a dramatic rived at the Lower Springs, "the impersonation ofBandelier's first ," HAYS-FORT DODGE TRAIL bottom was removed from a wagon • archaeological tour of the Pecos David Clapsaddle reports that the and the frame was sunk to make Pueblo at Pecos National Monu eleventh markeronthe Fort Hays a casing for a supply of clear, ment on September 1. ' Fort Dodge Trail has been set at cool water from the springs." It A special exhibit, "In the Foot Five Mile Hollow. This location, remained there many years for the steps of Bandelier," will be at the approximately one mile northeast use of Trail travelers. For addi Special Collections Department, bf the Lookout Station site where tional information about Wagon Zimmerman Library, University of the Fort Hays-Fort Dodge Trail in bed Springs, contact Wagonbed New Mexico, Alb,uquerque, from tercepted the Smoky Hill Trail, re Spring Chapter President Fern ] uly 15 through September 31, tains much of its historical Bessire, 403 E. Pawnee, Ulysses, 1990. For additional information integrity. KS 67880 (316) 356-2242. about these programs, contact In November 1871, a wagon train Alan Shalette, 5294 Mesa delOso commanded by a Mr. Snuffer was NEW TRAIL EXHIBIT AT NE, Albuquerque, NM 87111 (505) caught in a blizzard at Five Mile KEARNY COUNTY MUSEUM 291-9653. Hollow. In an attempt to round up the livestock driven away by the The Santa Fe Trail exhibit at the SFT HIGHWAY BILL storm, teamsters wandered 'far Kearny County Museum, Lakin, KS, BECOMES KANSAS LAW from camp. The caravan cook, who is ready for viewing. Paul McVey returned to camp, sought refuge and Betty Barnes assembled a Governor Mike Hayden of Kansas in one of the wagons where he at 1939 aerial map of the county, and signed House Bill 2901, "An Act tempted to build a fire using the Paul Bentrup and Linda Peters relating to the marking of the San tailgate for fuel. He was found marked the route of the Trail as ta Fe Trail in Kansas," into law frozen to death the following day. well as its landmarks across the on April 6, 1990. The law requires Ironically, several of the wagons county. _ the state department oftranspor were loaded with firewood obtain Peters collected pictures and tation, with the cooperation of the ed at Walnut Creek on a return trip short biographies of Trail travel governing body of appropriate cit from Fort Supply. ers, such as Kit Carson, Marian ies and counties, to designate The bronze plaque mounted on Russell, Susan Magoffin, F. X. Au and mark the primary route of the a limestone fence post reads: bry, William Bent, and MajorBen Santa Fe Trail in Kansas. It further "Five Mile Hollow, Fort Hays-Fort net Riley. She a 1so prepared pic requires the department to follow Dodge Road." Volunteers install tures and brief histories of Trail the Comprehensive Management ing the marker included Clapsad landmarks in the area, including and Use Plan, which the National dle, MildenYeager, and Herman Indian Mound and Bear Creek Park Service (NPS) has developed Mausolf of Larned, and Arthur Pass. Several locations of visible for the Santa Fe National Historic Sayler of Albert, Kansas. With the Trail ruts are marked on the map. Trail, as its guide. placing of this sign, most of the The 1948 oval marker, sponsor Signs, probably the NPS official historical sites along this signif ed by the American PioneerTrails sign, will be placed "in locations icant branch of the Santa Fe Trail Association and once displayed where the trail travels on public have been marked. The volunteers on the school grounds in Lakin, highways and crosses public who raised the funds and did the is also on display. Everyone highways." Several years ago work are to be commended for an traveling through the area is Kansas adopted a similar law ~:+ K-a~" important contribution' and a job :n''11'+ed... .1 \. - +0... ..• :• .., .. \. theJ. oc; .I:.l ... .,y C-un+yV .I.\. which required the marking ofthe well done. Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 3 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 SFTA CHAPTER TO RESTORE BARN NEAR TRAIL' who already have received Maps of the Santa Fe Trail may obtain an errata .sheet simply bywriting to the Press at 1701S. Eighth St., St. Louis, MO 63104, or calling toll-free: 1-800-367-9242. The. errata will be shipped free of charge. Those who re~est the packet are asked to specify whether they have a hardcoveror loose-leaf binding. The latter is .drilled for a 22-ring binder. NEW CHAPTERS FORMING by Joseph Snell The· End of the Trail Chapter of SFTA was granted conditional recognition on February 9, 1990. According to the constitution of the new chapter it shall "pre serve, restore and protectthe his torical integrity and promote the educational opportunities of the The east half of the barn near the Trail. viewed from the south. being Santa Fe Trail and the important restored by the Heart of the Rint Hills Chapter. The two doors are at trail sites. west of the Pecos the center of the building. Note the gun ports. Officers standing. I to River." The officers and other r, are V-P Joyce Noonan. Director Chuck Noonan, Pres. Don Cress, and information about the chapterap Sec-Treas. Joleen Day.· peared in the last WT. Those The Heart ofthe Flint Hills Chap During the past winter chapter wishing more information should ter has been awarded a $2,500 members stabilized the building write jon Hunner, Alcalde, End of matching grant from the National to prevent further deterioration the Trail Chapter, P. O. Box 704, Trust for Historic Preservation for until restoration can begin, which Tesuque, NM 87574. a feasibility study to restore the may be another year. Chapter Michael Olsen, Las Vegas, NM, historic barn near the Santa Fe members are now raising the reports that the Corazon de los Trail one mile east of Council $2,500 matching funds necessary Caminos (Heart of the Trails) Grove. This project was selected to receive the grant. Anyone inter 'chapter is forming "to protect and by the National Trust because of ested in supporting this worth preserve the Santa Fe Trail along its architectural and historical while project may send contribu its routes from San Miguel, New significance. tions to the Trust for Historic Pre Mexico, to Cimarron and Springer, The barn was built in 1871 by servation, 130 West Main, Coun New Mexico (San Miguel, Mora and Seth Hays to benefithis 200-acre cil Grove, KS 66846. southern Colfax counties, New farm and to serve as a fortifica Mexico) and its side trails throu- tion for settlers and travelers PATRICE PUBLISHES .gh Ocate and Mora, New Mexico." along the old Trail, from Indians ERRATA FOR MAPS For more information write Mi and outlaws. It is 40' x 76' x 40' chael Olsen, 1729 Eighth St., Las . and built ofnative limestone with The Patrice Press has published Vegas, NM 87701. a truss system that supports the an eighteen-page errata supple john Tarabino, one ofthe found roof independently from the ment" for its 1989 publication, ing fathers of SFTA and who lives walls. The trusses are puttogeth Maps of the Santa Fe Trail. In in Trinidad, Colorado, writes that er with wooden pegs. The south cluded are components which the Mountain Branch Association wall has gun ports in the lower were developed for the National ofthe Santa Fe Trail was incorpor- and upper stories.. The barn has Park Service map portion of their . ated in March and met on April 4 some structural damage to the study, which has yet to be issued, to determine its formal structure. wall near the southeast corner along with numerous changes "It will involve the Branch with from lightning striking it a few which were suggested by friends representatives from Kansas, Col years ago (see photo above). The of the Press. Most ofthe changes orado, and New Mexico," john property was acquired by Morris were discovered by author Greg stated. Mark L. Gardner, who with County in 1892 and was used as ory M. Franzwa while researching Tarabino, is member of SFTA's a county poor farm until after his latest Trail book, The Santa board of directors, is also invol ·WWII. The area was used as a Fe Trail Revisited. ved in the organization. Formore landfill. until recently.. Many of the changes resulted information write john Tarabino, . The local Community Arts Coun from the decision to utilize the P. O. Box 777, Trinidad, C081082 cil is assisting with the project, cartography of the United States or Mark L. Gardner, P. O. Box 472, and when the barn is restored the Geological Survey on the so Trinidad, CO 81082. lowerfloor will house an interpre called Military Road, rather than Hopefully all three chapters tive center on the Santa Fe Trail the lines developed a generation will be recognized by the board and a museum, while the upper .ago by the late Hobart Stocking. of directors when itmeets on May story will be a theater for the Arts Interpretations vary by as much 31, to bring the number of SFTA Council and a community meeting as a mile. chapters to seven. Each chapter room. The county will give land Errata data will be packed with contributes to the strength and for a parking lot and access road. all future map book orders. Those success of SFTA. <1 -4- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 4 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) JOURNAL STOLEN MUSEUM OF NEW MEXICO REVEALS FINDINGS ON by Marc Simmons CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS EXHUMED AT GLORIETA In 1981 the University ofNew Mex Three of the Confederate soldiers was reared by a wealthy auntwho ico Library, Albuquerque, acquir who died in the Civil War battle arranged a good education for ed the original journal of J. W. at Glorieta near Pigeon's Ranch, him. By 1855 he was practicing Chatham of South Carolina who March 28, 1862, andwere unearth law in Texas. He was married in traveled the Santa Fe Trail in ed in June 1987 from the battle 1859 and had a son, Charles, born 1849. His handwritten account, field site, have been positively in 1861. After the battle of Val never published, gives a vivid identified, according to Thomas verde, Shropshire was promoted picture of life on the Trail and de A. Livesay, director, Museum of to major, and he commanded his scribes such places as Fort Mann New Mexico. Matching physical troops at Apache Canyon on March (west of present Dodge City), evidence with data from historic 26 and at Glorieta on March 28, Pecos ruins, and Santa Fe. journals, letters, and muster 1862. He died from a wound to the Last year the Chatham Journal rolls, Museum researchers have head. and other rare materials were identified the remains of Major Several accounts noted that stolen from the UNM Library. On John S. Shropshire and Privates Shropshire was over six feet tall, March 20, 1990, the FBI arrested Ebineezer (Abe) Hanna, Jr., and too tall for the wooden casket Stephen Blumburg in Ottumwa, J. s. L. Cotton, all from Texas. available, and was buried as an Iowa. His 14-roomhousewas fill The men died during a fierce en individual instead of in the mass ed with thousands of rare books gagement as Union troops sought grave shared by the other casual and documents taken from univer to halt the Confederate march to ties. Had he fit into the coffin, sities around the country. The FBI Fort Union and the Colorado gold his body would have been taken estimates the value of the stolen and silvermines. Thirty Confeder to Santa Fe with the other Con items at $20 million and says it ate soldi~rswere buried in a mass federate officers who died in bat will require a year to inventory grave near the battle site; anoth tle. Witnesses recorded that he the entire stock. er, now known to be MajorShrop was wrapped in his own blankets UNM librarians have alerted the shire, was buried in a separate and buried on the battlefield. The FBI to be on the lookout for the grave near his men. When the size of the skeleton, the separate Chatham Journal. In case it fails remains were discovered in 1987, burial, and the presence of spurs to appear there, all Trail re the Museum of New Mexico's Con still on his boots were all searchers should keep an eye tract Archaeology Program was evidence that contributed to his peeled for the journal. It is de called and began investigating identification. scribed as a small oblong octavo the site immediately. Within a Private Ebineezer Hanna was a book in original boards, 88pages week, the Museumwas certain the member of Company C, 4th Texas filled on front and verso in a graves were those ofConfederate Regiment. He was the eighth of small, neat hand. It is in a half soldiers known to have fallen in ten children. Young as he was, he Morocco slipcase and accompan battle and buried at the battle was elected company historian by ied by a matching bound typed field the following day, March 29, his fellow soldiers February 10, carbon transcript ofthe narrative. 1862. 1862. His campaign diary ended Blumburg's fatherdescribedhim Of the Confederates who died at on the day of his death in battle. as an eccentric genius with a long Glorieta, the mean age was 24, That diary describes a long, agon history of mental problems. Ap with the range of17t045.Private izing trip up the Rio Grande Valley parently his mental impainnent Hanna, 17, was the youngest fa from El Paso. He died from a did not prevent him from recogniz tality. Although researchers have wound through his left hip area. ing valuable treasures· when he accurate knowledge of who was Archaeologists identified Han saw them. b~ried in the mass grave,phy na's body on the basis of his age, sical evidence is too tenuous to the type of wound which killed SFT DAYS, AUGUST 2-5 precisely match the muster lists him, and a small bag of writing. to the other 28 skeletons. The implements found near his body. AT MARSHALL, MISSOURI cause of death, however, was Private J. s. L. Cotton was a Marshall's annual Santa Fe Trail uncertain in only one instance. member of Company E, 4th Texas Days celebration is set for August The remains of all 31 Confeder Regiment, had enlisted atCamer 2-5, 1990. Among the variety of ates are currently held by the Mu on, Texas, and was 20 years of events scheduled are historic seum of New Mexico. The Board age. Positive identification was tours, antique shows, an Indian of Regents ofthe Museum has vot made through a ring bearing the encampment, children's activi ed to retain them until December partial inscription"... S. L. Cot. ties, flea market, beer garden, 31,1990, waiting for the outcome .." found with one of the bodies. and a period ball. Marshall cele of proposed legislation creating He died from a mountain howitzer brated its sesquicentennial in a National Glorieta Battlefield cannon shot to the lower back. 1989 and hopes to make this site. The battle at Glorieta was the year's celebration even better. Research has revealed several turning point of the Civil War in For further infonnation, contact things about the three identified New Mexico, for the Texas Con Prof. Jane Bartlett, Missouri Val soldiers who died in battle on the federates were soon driven from ley College, Marshall, MO 65340 Santa Fe Trail. Major Shropshire the Territory. Details from these (816) 886-2950, or call one ofthe of Columbus, Texas, commanded remains and other sources will celebration co-chairs: Dr. Dan Company A, Fifth Texas Regiment help bring this important chapter Fahnestock at886-6903, orDonna of Mounted Volunteers, atthe age of American history and the Santa Huston at 886-3991. Marshall is of 28. He was born April 23, 1833, Fe Trail into better perspective. near historic Arrow Rock and an in Bourbon County, Kentucky. Efforts to establish the Glorieta hour's drive from Kansas City. Cholera claimed his parents when National Battlefield site have the Everyone is welcome. Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 5 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 PIGEON'S RANCH STAGE They also pledged support and and see just about everything STATION AND GLORIETA help in preparing for the SFTA else, from period music to the symposium scheduled for Arrow ringing of a blacksmith's anvil." SITE TO BE PRESERVED Rock in 1991. By working together From 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., the Baca The Conservation Fund, a nation the several communities around House and Pioneer Museum will al organization based in Wash the eastern end of the Trail will be open free to the public, with ington, D.C., which preserves be able to coordinate activities tours of the Baca House every half Civil War battlefields, has signed and serve visitors better by dir hour. Exhibits and interpreters an option to purchase the site of ecting them to the many historic will be in the Pioneer Museum Pigeon's Ranch and stage station sites in the vicinity. courtyard. and ten surrounding acres of the John Lemons, writer and mili Glorieta battlefield, according to LAS VEGAS RAILS tary historian from Canon City, William de Buys, representative 'N' TRAILS, MAY 25-27 will portray an 1846 U.S. dragoon of the Fund in Santa Fe. Ifthe bill officer and explain the role ofthe now pending in Congress to create Las Vegas, NM, will host the 6th "Army ofthe West" during the Mex the Glorieta National Battlefield Annual Rails 'n' Trails Days, May ican War. Branson-area rancher passes, the propertywill be offer 25-27, to celebrate the history of Richard Louden will be stationed ed for inclusion. the Santa Fe Trail and the AT&SF at·the museum's chuckwagon dis ''The status of the stage station Railroad. Numerous events are pensing stories ofranching along has been precarious for years," planned, including historic tours, the Mountain Branch of the Trail stated Marc Simmons, "and it is Iiving-history demonstrations, as well as a little "cowboy cof important to get the building into lectures, parades, a melodrama, fee." protective hands now." The Con and a train ride to Lamy. For de An exhibit concerning the mili servation Fund has already begun tails, contact the Las Vegas/San tary freighting business on the to raise money from public, corpo Miguel Chamber of Commerce, P. Trail is planned by the staff of rate, and private sources to pay O. Box 148, Las Vegas, NM 87701 Fort Union National Monument, for the property. The Glorieta Bat (505) 425-8631. and talks about commerce on the tlefield Preservation Society is Trail will be provided by Terry turning over its entire treasury, LIVING HISTORY AT Brown and members ofThe Opposi amounting to $1,766.09,. toward tion, a fur trade-era reenactment that end. TRINIDAD TRAIL DAYS group. Russ Young, Santa Fe, and "A generous response from the Greg Holt, Park Ranger from Bent's public will demonstrate that there Old Fort National Historic Site, is strong support for this worthy will portray blacksmiths. In addi preservation effort and will, no tion demonstrations of historic doubt, help the bill through Con cooking and adobe construction gress," Simmons concluded. The are planned. Fund is attempting to raise All this is in conjunction with $100,000 for the acquisition. Trinidad's annual Santa Fe Trail Festival, June·9-10. Some of the FRANKLIN OR BUST activities featured in Trinidad's historic district thatweekend are ELECTS & RESOLVES an arts and crafts fair, antiques Franklin or Bust, Inc., recently and quilts shows, art show, mu elected officers and passed re sical concert, and street dance. solutions aimed at promoting For more information contact Mark tourism and cooperating with the L. Gardner, P. O. Box 472, Trin boosters of Arrow Rock. Organized idad, CO 81082 (719) 846-7217. two years ago to seek a visitor center at the site ofFranklin, MO, OCTA CONVENTION AT the eastern terminus of the Trail, Franklin or Bust has gained a OMAHA, AUGUST 8-12 large membership and worked The Oregon-California Trails As hard to promote the area. sociation (OCTA) annual conven Officers reelected are President tion will meet in Omaha, August H. Denny Davis, V-P Bill J. Crig 8-12, 1990. An impressive lineup ler, Secretary Doris Markland, and of speakers and activities is Treasurer Bill Rudloff. Board mem Russ Young, blacksmith and photo planned. Among the presenters bers elected were Melissa Megas, grapher from Santa Fe, is one of are Merrill J. Mattes, Dr. PeterD. John Shopland, and Stephen M. several featured living-history in Olch, Stanley Kimball, and Doro Rust. Reports on preservation and terpreters at this year's Santa Fe thy Devereux Dustin. Trail Days in Trinidad. tourism efforts by several groups Trips will be made to the Joslyn in the region were presented. The annual Santa Fe Trail Days Art Museurri, sites of the Mormon The members passed a resolu in Trinidad, CO, Saturday,June9, Winter Quarters, Rock Creek State tion urging the state to speed up 1990, will feature several living Park, reconstructed Fort Atkin construction of a proposed re history demonstrations and son, and the Bertrand Museum to gional visitor center at Arrow numerous other activities at the view artifacts recovered from the Rock and to give "prompt attention Baca /Bloom complex. Mark Gard steamboat Bertrand. For further to constructing a visitors' center ner said that "visitors may not information contact Bob Berry, at Kingsbury Siding" marking the hear the braying of mules or the 11505 Pacific St., Omaha, NE beginning of the Trail in Franklin. lowing of oxen, but they can hear 68154 (402) 333-3522. -6- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 6 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) for travelers on the Santa Fe and ARE WE FOLLOWING Oregon trails. Itwas tom down for A WILL-O'-THE-WISP? safety reasons after World WarII. by Mary B. Gamble The reconstructed mill would be When we set O\.1t with our cameras used to grind flour and help edu and binoculars, maps, and guide cate and remind visitors of Kan books in our4-wheel-drive vehi sas City's pioneer heritage. Also cle to search for the wagon ruts being considered are a visitor BICYCLE TREK-1990 carved into the prairies by Santa center near the mill, reconstruc Fe traders, are we hunting that tion of the nearby home of Jim READY TO RIDE elusive record of the past-a Bridger, and hiking and biking paths. Santa Fe Trail Bicycle Committee will-o'-the-wisp? Chairman Willard Chilcott an An Oklahoma writer from his nounces that all the plans are ivory tower in Norman reached DONATIONS ENRICH made for the September 22 to Oc that conclusion in the 1950s. Max FORT UNION COLLECTION tober 12 ride from Santa Fe via L. Moorhead wrote in New Mex the Mountain Branch to New Frank ico's Royal Road: Trade and Fort Union National Monument's lin, approximately 1,040 miles. A Travel on the Chihuahua Trail museum collection .has recently descriptive article about this trek (Norman: University of Oklahoma received several donations ofob appeared in the March 1990 Out Press, 1958), pp. 95, 96, as jects used at Fort Union or the side magazine. Chilcott reports follows: nearby historic Watrous area. that over 200 people have already ''The main road to Chihuahua Jennie Martinez, of Mora, donated requested information. He is now from the frontier settlements of a pair of brass-frame eyeglasses taking registrations for the ride. Missouri as far as the New Mexico once used by her great Cyclists may join the ride at any port of entry was the so-called grandfather, Gabriel Estrada, a point and leave at any point ifun Santa Fe Trail. It was no trail at veteran of army service at Fort able to .make the complete trip. all, however, not withstanding Union during the Civil War era. This is a grand venture, carefully the present existence of numer Albert Dominguez, of Watrous, organized to provide a combina ous historical markers or even the donated a Chihuahua copper coin tion of inexpensive and pleasura vestiges of deep wagon ruts at dated t855 and the "ball" part of ble cycling with the opportunity scattered points on the prairie. In the infamous restraining device to see and learn about the historic the first place, the point ofdepar known as a "ball and chain." Trail. Maps, travel information, ture of the caravans from the Mis Dominguez's father found the 32 and daily ride sheets are pro souri River shifted with the pound iron ball at Fort Union years vided. years-from Arrow Rock Ferry to ago when the abandoned postwas In the stop-over towns, SFTA Franklin, to Independence, and ranch land. The coin is a dupli members and town residents will eventually to Westport, where cate of several found in the local lead tours to historic points ofin Kansas City now stands. In the area and suggests the continua terest. This non-profit camping second place, from the greatbend tion of international trade and in tour will include dinner and of the Arkansas onward, there tercultural relations along the breakfast in each stop-over com were two radically different Santa Fe Trail. munity, and camp sites with routes, not to mention a number Richard L. Rogers donated a set showers have been arranged at of minor variations. And finally, of keys found at the Fort Union each overnite stop. Camping no one course was consistently Depot many years ago and a saber equipment will be carried by enough followed by the individual reputed to have come from the truck, and sag-wagon support wagon trains to become a single Glorieta Battlefield. The saber is will be provided. Cyclists may road. of a type dating from the early elect not to use sag-support ". .. In open country, where the 19th century and could have been and/or camping facilities. wagons traveled two and even in Confederate use at the time of The <;ost to participants varies. four abreast, the trail of a single the Civil War. Bill Hanus, ofSil Regular riders using all services caravan was frequently as much ver City, donated a U.S. 1860 wi11 pay $150 perweek; riders not as fifty yards wide. One need only cavalry saber in excellentcondi using sag-support will pay $130 compare the various records of tion, completed with scabbard. It per week (this allows rider and travel to discover that the Santa was the type in general use by companion to use camping faci Fe Trail was not a road, nor even cavalry troops from 1860 to the lities); and riders not using sag a trace, but a series of tracks end of Fort Union's active period support and camping facilities meandering over the plains in on in 1891. will pay $110 perweek. A $50 de ly the mostgeneral single course. Fort Union Supt. Harry C. Myers posit is required to hold a space. ••• " stated that "the historical collec Companions providing support for tions of the National Park Service riders may purchase the meals for WATTS MILL MAY RISE owe a great debt to people such $10 per day. as these. Their obvious concern This is a bargain ride, but the AGAIN IN KANSAS CITY for preservation makes it possi rewards to participants will be According to a recent article in ble for generations offuture Amer priceless. Chilcott is to be con the Kansas City Times, the his icans to enjoy and better under gratulated for the thorough plan toric Watts Mill in Kansas City stand our national heritage. We ning that has gone into this trek, may be reconstructed. The grist extend our thanks to them and to endorsed by SFTA. For c.omplete mill, located on Indian Creek (the thousands of other people across details and application form, con foundations may still be seen the country who have added to the tact Willard Chilcott, 885 Camino south. of 103rd St. and east of many museums maintained for the Del Este, Santa Fe, NM 87501 (505) State Line Road), supplied flour American people." Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 7 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 OLIVAS& MARIAN RUSSELL FORT UNION SUMMER ACTIVITIES IMPLICATED IN DC HOAX The Santa Fe Trail and New Mex Bonita and Leo Oliva are not by ico's Civil War volunteers will be nature deceptive people, and no two subjects of special emphasis one everwould have accused Mar for Fort Union National Monu ian Sloan Russell of misleading ment's 1990 summer interpretive anyone. Yet these innocent peo programs. From Memorial Day ple recently were persuaded by a weekend through Labor Day, park scheming National Geographic staff and volunteers will present photographer, Bruce Dale, topar a variety of activities that focus ticipate in a hoax manufactured on various aspects of Fort Union out of whole cloth. After all, it history. was in Washington, D.C., where Supt. Harry C. Myers explained deception is apparently common that at recentresearch has under practice. This time, however, it scored the significance of two was done for.a good cause. aspects of Fort Union history that When Dale, currently photo have previously received scant graphing the Santa Fe Trail for Na attention. "We're going to change tional Geographic, wanted to ar that and give them the attention range a surprise birthday party for they deserve," he said. ''The Fort his wife, joyce, he enlisted the Union QuartermasterDepot and the aid of the Olivas, who were visit Santa Fe Trail are one and the ing in D.C., and the spiritof Maid same," Myers declared, "in fact, Marian. joyce, as have many Trail there were a number of years in enthusiasts, had recently read which the majority of wagons Marian Russell's Land of En traveling over the Trail were not chantment and had fallen in love bound for Santa Fe at all, butwere with the author and her story. carrying military freight right Commissary Sergeant (Park Ran Knowing this, Bruce perpetrated here to the Depot. This was the ger/Historian) T. J. Sperry inven the hoax. tories a shipment received at the lifeline of the army in the South Fort Union Depot. Fort Union staff During a luncheon atthe Nation west. It took hundreds of people will present a variety of interpretive al Geographic Society including to operate it, many of them local programs dealing with the Depot the Dales and Olivas, Bruce invit New Mexicans. It's a fascinating and Santa Fe Trail daily between ed them to a dinner the following and important story and we're go Memorial Day and Labor Day. weekend. By pre-arranged plan, ing to give our visitors a chance Leo declined, saying they were to learn more about it." On Saturday, june 23, ''The Santa attending a lecture on Marian Rus- . Myers also commented on the Fe Trail - Freighting for Uncle sell that evening in nearby Arling significant role played by several Sam," an outdoor symposium, will ton, Virginia'. As expected, joyce regiments of New Mexico infantry feature several noted speakers showed immediate interest. Boni and cavalrY during the 1860s. addressing military freighting on ta then pulled from her purse a "It's an amazing story. Hundreds the Santa Fe Trail and otherTrail small newspaper clipping de ofNew Mexicans enlisted and ser topics. The day's activities will scribing the lecture (secretly ved the Federal government for begin with a tour ofTrail-related printed earlier by Bruce) and gave five long years. Virtually all of sites in the area. Advance reser it to the Dales. them had been born citizens of vations are required for the tour. When the Dales arrived at the Mexico and there was really no On Saturday and Sunday, july 28 community center that evening, reas~)D to expect them to display & 29, "Soldiering on the Santa Fe the "lecture" had begun. The room any particular loyalty to the Unit Trail," a two-day event recalling was dark, slides of the Santa Fe ed States. But they did. After the the founding of Fort Union in july Trail were being shown on the defeat of the Texas Confederates 1851, will feature demonstrations screen, and the speakerwas talk in 1862, they continued to serve. and speakers. Living-history ing about Marian Russell. joyce Relations with practically every camps depicting infantry, caval and Bruce stood at the back ofthe Indian tribe in the area had gone ry, and artillery soldierlife ofthe room and watched. The speaker from bad to' worse, and the New frontier era are a mainstay of this then announced that she was very Mexico units were assigned to event. Several speakers will ad fortunate to have a picture of Mar some of the most harsh and dan dress the emotional topic of the ian when she was a child and fla gerous duty any' American sol Navajo Wars. shed a baby picture of joyce on diers has everhad to endure. They On Saturday evening, August 25, the screen. This was quickly fol did a good job. They were good "An Evening at Fort Union" will be lowed by a Happy Birthday slide, soldiers. And we're going to be held in conjunctionwith the birth at which point the lights came on telling that story also." day of the National Park Service. and 50 friends joined in extending Interpretive talks, demonstra The shroud of darkness lends it wishes to joyce. tions, tours, and living-history self to a stimulated imagination, joyce said, "It was a complete programs will be offered daily assisted further by living-history surprise. I was totally confused throughout the .summer to explain vignettes scattered throughout when the baby picture flashed on the Depot, Trail, New Mexico Fort Union's adobe ruins. Reser the screen." Undoubtedly, Marian Volunteers, and other aspects of vations are required and will be Russell would have been pleased. frontler history. Fort Union will accepted after june 1. The Olivas still wonder if joyce again host' three popular special Fort Union National Monument on was secretly disappointed there events in 1990; entrance fees are the Santa Fe National Historic was no lecture about Marian. -8- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 8 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) of Watrous, NM, off Interstate 25 JOHN BURNS LOCKE: TRAIL FREIGHTER Be PIONEER on state highway 161. The park is open 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. by Carrie Blanchard Memorial Day through Labor Day, [Ed. note: This is the eleventh in ,...... ---r---r------..-.: , , and 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. the a series on merchants and per 1--'. remainder of the year. Itis closed sonalities on the Santa Fe Trail. on Christmas and New Year's Day. Carrie Bailey Blanchard, Den Entrance fees are $1.00 per per ver, is the great-granddaughter " son, age 17-61, or $3.00 per car of John and Annie Locke. She " '. load, whichever is less. For fur especially thanks her cousin, ther information orto make reser Orella Chadwick of Tillamook, vations for events described Oregon, for her many years of above, contact the Supt., Fort genealogical research which Union National Monument, Wa provided much of the material trous, NM 87753 (505) 425-8025. used here.] john Bums Locke, who later was MORE OVAL SIGNS among the first settlers in Canon Three more of the oval signs City and Wet Mountain Valley in Colorado, made his initial trip placed on schools in 1948 have west from Blandinsville, Illinois, been reported. Linda Burkhart of in 1859 with his brother William. Offerle, Kansas, reported her Each man had three yoke of oxen family had one. Although more de and wagons, a saddle mule, and Annie and John Locke, from an tails were requested, none was shared a dog named Watch. This original tintype, believed to be their received atpress time. Ifinforma trip was not made on the Santa wedding picture. tion arrives, it will be reported Fe Trail, butitled toJohn'sdeci time that you may see fit to name next issue. ' sion to enter the freighting trade after my return, hoping if my J oleen Day, secretary of the between Independence, Missouri, suggestion does notmeet your ap Heart of the Flint Hills Chapter, and the particular area of the probation you will be prepared at identified two more. Her family West that had grabbed his inter my return to name your earliest found one on their farm shop est: the Arkansas River valley, time thereafter. I think nothing building, which was an old school the outposts of Pueblo, Canon Ci preventing I shall be able to make house. The school, named Santa ty, and Florepce. my trip by the 1st to 10th Oct. at Fe Trail School, was located on When John's brother William the latest. If so I have thought the Trail sixmiles east ofCouncil decided in 1860 to settle in Color (since you named the other union Grove on Highway 56 and ~-mile do, John became the ownerof both that is to be effected in October north. Ruts can still be seen near teams and other accouterments and our accompanying them) it where the building stood, and the they had acquired. In the mean would perhaps be well enough if Heart of the Flint Hills Chapter time, John had met Barbara Ann it would suit you to make the same has marked the location with a (Annie) Welch in his hometown, trip answer our purposes. ''Trail Rut" sign. and they had grown serious enou "I am aboard the Packet on the The other sign reported by Mrs. gh to become engaged. Missouri River for Kansas City Day is now on display in the sen John made his first freighting whilst I write to you, which may ior citizen center at Allen, Kan trip in 1860-1861, a long trip from partially excuse the awkward ap sas. The sign was removed from Blandinsville to Independence pearance of my letter. Expect to the Ozark School located three where he had stabled his ox reach K.C. tomorrow. There are miles west of Allen on Highway teams. From there he traveled the 1200 soldiers aboard from N. W. 56 and one mile north. Joleen's Santa Fe Trail to Bent's Fort and Missouri armed for cruel war. grandfather, Roy Schiesser and then on to Pueblo. They make considerable noise. co-worker Dan Fagan removed the When he returned to Missouri Music, shouting and occasionally sign when the old school was be ashore marching. A soldier's life ing tom down. Fagan had preser (location not given), a letterfrom Annie awaited him at a friend's for those who like it but a more ved the sign until it was placed quiet life for me. in the senior center. home. Annie advised him of their invitation to accompany and wit "From what I can learn of the The tally now stands at 21. Are ness another couple at theirwed route we have to travel, fromreli there more? ding in October. On August 28, able appearing people we have 1861, John replied to Annie as seen from different sections, I NEW MAILING LABELS follows: see no reason to apprehend the "My Dear Annie, danger some of our friends did To keep you better informed about previous to our starting and trust the status of your SFTA dues, the "I address you principally to you will not feel uneasy for my expiration date of each member make a suggestion in regard to our safety. ship has been added to the mail union'. After reconsideration of the matter since our last inter "Entertaining the kindest feel ing label. Please check carefully ings and regard for you, I am and report any errors. We hope view I make haste to write you you will bear with us while we in order to give you time for "Very sincerely yours, work out the bugs. Remember that reflection. "John" all memberships are for the calen "I do not know your mind a s to John and Annie were married Oc dar year. If your label shows "Dec the time - you may wish to put tober 31, 1861. The Civil War had 1989" and you have not renewed it off longer than I am about to begun in April of that year. Noone since May I, better do so soon suggest. If so all right. I shall knew how far the fighting might or this will be your last WT. -9- Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 9 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 last. Although he realized that AN OLD BARN WITH A SANTA FE TRAIL PAST supplies would become harder to obtain, John also saw that they by Jesse Scott, Jr. would become more essential in r~--;-----,------~f~: ___;. __'" __. - + ,_•., •. ~.,~. ~,_., _'_"~' ""'~"~ '''"~''t~j ..-'.--..-,..::- .. -.. -:-"-"- \h;~;': ,;#~}, the western territories. So, with "': ',;":," -'''t':' .; Annie's approval, he decided to I • continue with his freighting busi , ness, at least 'for a year or two. I In 1862 John made a trip to Santa Fe, after having to travel farther , .. east than everto obtain supplies. ,- The trip was long and hard; all -, across the countrY he found that , people were uneasy, expressing fear of both the war hostilities and the Indians along the route. During the arduous return, John realized this was not the life for him, away from his adored Annie for such lengths of time. Early in 1863, John and Annie began planning their move. Traveling by covered wagon for eleven weeks, they arrived at Canon City on July 5,1863, bring What happens to all the stones Originally named Fort Wise, in ing 100 head of cattle and 15 from old forts? Often not even a honor of Governor Henry Wise of horses with them. John became a vestige of the foundation can be Virginia, the postwas given a new large landowner in both Fremont found. In one instance, at least, name when the Ci vil War began and Custer counties. Locke Moun we know. and Gov. Wise and Virginia left tain in Wet Mountain Valley is William Bent set the stage for the Union. It became Fort Lyon, named for the family. He served the events that led to the building to honor the memory of General a six-year term as county com of this stone barn. He destroyed Nathaniel Lyon, the first Union missioner in Fremont County. the huge adobe Bent's Old Fort in general killed in the war. . John and Annie Locke reared 1849. In the fall of 1852 he moved To set the record straight, this five children, all ofwhom distin down the Arkansas Riverto a flood post was never named Fort Faun guished themselves as adults. plain twenty-two miles belowthe tleroy, an error that has been Daughter Orella became a Doctor mouth of the Purgatoire River. perpetuated by many historians of Osteopathy, practicing in Cin There, on the left bank, he built and published a number of times. cinnati with her younger sister, three log houses to use as a trad Fort Fauntleroywas the first name Dena, assisting her. Sons James ing post until he could construct of the fort at Bear Springs, New T. (Jimmie) and Orion were both his new fort of stone on a high Mexico Territory, laternamed Fort attorneys; Jimmie Locke served rock point overlooking the river Lyon. It was rebuilt in 1868 as four terms as district attorney and and commanding a view of the the second Fort Wingate. Loca two as deputy district attorney at area for many miles in all direc tions changed three times. Canon City. Daughter Carrie was tions. Construction of Bent"s New In 1866 the Arkansas Riverback a school teacher and, later, she Fort started in 1853 and probably ed up from an ice jam, flooding and her husband, James William was not completed until the fol the lowland and Fort Lyon, and the Ralston, were among the first set lowing year, the year the area post was moved to its new loca tlers in the Cedar Hill and Aztec became part ofthe newly-created tion twenty miles up the river in area in northwest New Mexico. Kansas Territory. 1867. Part of the stage was set Annie Locke died in 1894 and After the Mexican War, the War for construction of the barn. John in 1901. Both are buried in Department began establishing Meanwhile, other events relevant the Greenwood Cemetery at Canon military posts along the Santa Fe to the barn were taking place. City. Trail to help protect the ever In 1861 the government entered growing commerce and military into the Treaty of Fort Wise with supply trains. Bent's New Fort ap the Southern Cheyenne and South peared to be a good place for a ern Arapaho, which was never car post, and in 1859 it was leased ried out. In 1865 these tribes were to the government. part of the Treaties of the Little The following year construction Arkansas, signed at the site of was begun by the First Cavalry, present Wichita, Kansas. Certain under Major John Sedgwick, on a mixed-blood relatives of these new fort on the site of the three Indians were each given 640 log houses. Buildings were erect acres of land to be-selected by ed by enlisted personnel, few if the commissioner of Indian any of whom were stone rnasons affairs. Some of this land was or carpenters. Lt. J. E. B. Stuart, selected along the Arkansas River who later gained fame as a Con in Colorado. In 1883 two mixed federate cavalry officer, was on bloods, MatiIda and Margaret Pep duty during construction. By com perdin, received tracts 24 and 25, pletion, the post was in Colorado the boundary between which was Interior view of barn. Territory, created in 1861. approximately the location for the -10- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 10 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) POST OFFICE OAK Editor: At the Symposium in Santa Fe I -LETTERS- purchased two copies of Dave Editor: Webb's Adventures with the San I'm sending my check for 1990. ta Fe Trail. At the time I thought it was a little advanced for my Stone with "1st CaY 1860." I am a charter member and value my membership. My grandparents fourth-grade grandson, so I just future barn. came by covered wagon in 1874. put it away for the time being. In Later this land came into the They stayed in Wootton and that February he told me his class at Koen family, early irrigation and part of the country. I am a native Eldorado Elementary School was land developers in the area. In of Raton, New Mexico. studying the Santa Fe Trail and 1891 Festus B. Koen had the barn Esther Jones Killam asked if I would come talk to and numerous other structures 5820 S. Windermere Apt. 565 them. I gave him a copy of the erected with stOne from Old Fort Littleton, CO 80120 book to take to his teacher. She Lyon, and possibly Bent's New and the other two fourth-grade Fort, four to five miles upstream Editor: teachers were just crazy about from his farm. I am a new member of SFTA and the book and ordered more copies. E. Griffin, the builder, proudly enclose dues for a membership for The project is well under way. I spoke to all three classes, proclaimed his involvement with my daughter, Peggy Moga. Togeth primarily a bout women on the a carved keystone in the east er, we drove the Trail last Septem arch. The most interesting stone ber, using Marc Simmons's book Trail, but most Mary Donoho. is located near the west peak, as a guide. We did not evenknow I told them about my research with the carved inscription "1st until we reached Arrow Rock that on Mary Donoho and that a publi Cav 1860." Others have graffiti there was an organization for peo sher was considering it. They scratched into the surface dating ple interested in the Trail. We were wonderful, asked lots of back to 1865, and one evinces the were both thrilled! questions, and later wrote some presence of the 48th Wisconsin In the future, both my daughter great thank you letters, many with unit which is on record as station and I hope to be active in the colored illustrations. One little ed at Fort Lyon. organization, attending meet girl said, "I sure hope you get a The barn is an imposing struc ings, driving the Trail again publisher for your book." She got her wish and I don't think my feet ture, 60' wide, 100' long, and 36' (slower!), and serving on commit have touched the ground yet. high, with considerable room for tees. Presently, I work as a librar livestock on the ground level and ian fora book vender but my real Mary Donoho: New First Lady of for hay above. The height at the interest is in historical research the Santa Fe Trail has been accepted for publication by An ,eaves is 16 feet. The hayloft floor on Western Americana. My is 10 feet above the ground, with daughter's doctorate is in neur cient City Press in Santa Fe. It is schedulled for 1991; they said the top of the arched openings obiology buther abiding interests in plenty oftime for the SFTA Sym another 16 feet higher. Walls are birding and the prairie. One average 18 inches in thickness, thing we did on our trip was look posium in Arrow Rock. and the beams and posts are 8 for "natural" prairie that remains. , Marian Meyer inches square. Floor joists for the Honey Sullivan Moga 2327 Old Arroyo Chamisa 10ft are 2 x 12 inches, seton 16 16 E. Sheridan Rd. Santa Fe, NM 87505 inch centers. This barn probably Lake Bluff, IL 60044 Congratulations Marian Meyer! contains less than one-fifth of Editor: We all look forward to the day the stone in the remaining build Our family received copies of Mary Donoho is in print. ings and fences. the February issue and thoroughly Editor The barn is in a state ofdeterior enjoyed seeing the article on Mid Editor: ation from the elements, neglect, dle Springs by my late father and The members of the Texas Pan and lack of repairs. There is no your incorporation of data from handle Chapter of SFTA extend evidence of structural fault; there the Cimarron National Grassland their collective appreciation to are no cracks in the walls nor staff. We shall treasure this is you for keeping Wagon Tracks a does the roof sag. A flood in 1921 sue. We also enjoyed reading lively and interesting publica partially filled the ground floor about J edediah Smith. Our best tion. All of us wait for each issue with sand and caused considera wishes for your continued efforts with anticipation. We want to ble damage to nearby stone build on the Santa Fe Trail. give you the support and assis ings and fences. J oIly Mayberry Schram tance you need. Thanks for a job The old Koen place is located 6005 Diamond Head Dr. well done. four miles west and one-quarter Austin, TX 78746 Texas Panhandle Chapter south of the Big Timbers Museum Editor: P. O. Box 1533 at Lamar. Don States leases the Amrillo, TX 79105 farmstead and lives there. ABlue I made audio cassette tapes of Heeler dog lives there, too, but many of the programs at the Santa Thanks for the Texas praise. If do not be taken in by the old adage Fe Symposium. The quality of WT amounts to anything, it is that begins "A barking dog...." some is better than others. If because of the material submit anyone is interested in a copy of ted by many contributors. All we [jesse Scott, Jr., Garden City, any of the tapes I have, I will do here is put it together ,and KS, is a real estate broker and make them on a limited basis for send it out. It takes a lot of time auctioneer who has done exten the cost of tapes and postage. and isn't always fun, but we hope sive research along the Santa Fe Robert Ripley the result is worthy of SFTA and Trail. Portions of this article all it represents. were published in Kansas Terri 8202 Peach Tree Lane Editor torial, Nov-Dec 1985.] Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 11 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 BOOT HILL MUSEUM, DODGE CITY, KANSAS by V. James Sherer [This is fourteenth in a series The story of that era is told in business life of the town. The on museums and historic sites the exhibit "Dodge City: The Early Bank of Dodge City, the town's along the Trail. V. James Sherer Years." The exhibit includes a first banking establishment, is is executive director ofBoot Hill portion of the original Boot Hill reconstructed here as well as the Museum.] Cemetery (1872-1879)upon which home of Squirrel Tooth Alice, an The Old West comes to life atBoot the museum is built and from early "lady of the night," or Hill Museum, a village museum which it takes it name. Here also "soiled dove" as they were called located on the original site of is the story of the Santa Fe Trail in Dodge City. Boot Hill Cemetery in downtown· and trade, the building of the San Front Street is a reconstruction Dodge City, Kansas. The museum, ta Fe Railroad, the life of the of two blocks of the original accredited by the American As American cowboy, and a recon (1878) business district of Dodge sociation of Museums in 1985, struction of a sod house, the home City. Here are found a gunsmith was founded in 1947 to collect, of many plains settlers. A popular shop in Zimmerman's Hardware, preserve, and interpret the his feature ofthis exhibitis an exten the Rice Brothers' saddle shop, tory of Dodge City. Dodge was the sive collection of firearms. and Dr. T. L. McCarty's City Drug home of such famous law officers Another exhibit, "Cattle, Wheat Store that is stocked with drugs, ·as Wyatt Earp, Bat Masterson, Bill & Storekeepers ," shows Dodge Ci patent medicines, and cosmetics Tilghman, and Charles Bassett. It ty'S economic growth during the that could be found in this store was here they earned theirreputa era of the cattle drives which in 1880. tions as "fast guns." But this is began in 1876. During the ten The Saratoga Saloon next door not th~ only story told atthe mu year span of the long drives more is a reconstruction of an estab seum. Visitors are introduced to than 10 million Texas longhorns lishment that was owned by C. M. the site and the' history of Dodge were brought up the trails to the Beeson and W. H. Harris, who lat City in an eleven-minute multi Santa Fe Railway's loading pens er owned the Long Branch Saloon media presentation, "Dodge City: in Dodge City. During the 1880s down the street. The Saratoga was The Town and the Legend," in the there was wild speculation and strictly operated and did not al visitor center. people came west to get rich. Cat low rowdiness. It served beer. the Dodge City began in 1872 as a tle barons were born and broken cowboy's favorite beverage, and supply center for buffalo hunters within a few years. This era and soda pop (ginger ale was espe who were in the process of the coming of the wheat Industry cially popular). It was a favorite eradicating the herds of bison are told here. Wheat became im hangout of soldiers stationed at that once numbered in the mil portant in Kansas in 1874 with the Fort Dodge (located five miles lions. Partly in answer to the introduction of Turkey Red, a hard east). Charles Rath's General demand for buffalo robes, leather winter wheat, by, a group of Ger Store is at the end of the block. for industry,and bones fora vari man Mennonites from Russia. Cat Nearby are George Hoover's cigar ety of purposes, and partly in re tle and wheat today dominate store, JohnTyler'sTonsorialPar sponse to the arm·y's desire to Dodge City's economy as visitors lor, and Morris Collar's dry goods eliminate the food supply of the can see in the numbers of grain store. Plains Indians, the hunters quick elevators and cattle feedlots that Farther down the boardwalk are ly (within four years) removed the dot the countryside. Beatty & Kelley's Dodge City Res buffalo, making way for the bee'f The atmosphere ofold Dodge Ci taurant where today's visitors cattle industry. ty is recreated in exhibits of the can still get a meal featuringbuf- -12- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 12 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) "Dodge City Days" is an annual eventfrom the lastweekend of J u ly through the first weekend of August and features the 4th lar gest PRCA rodeo in the world. The ten-day celebration begins with a concert. this yearReba McEntire ""ill be featured, and includes ac tivities such as the Ford County Fair. street dances. chuckwagon breakfast. parades. Kaleidoscope of the Arts. craft festivals, Miss Rodeo Kansas Pageant. and four nights of PRCA rodeo featuring all the top world champion rodeo per formers. The 1990 dates are July Black8nth shop exhIbit. 27 through August 5. "Keeping the Peace: The Begin The second annual Octoberfest ning of Law in Dodge City" details will be held at Boot Hill on Oc the beginning of Dodge City. its tober 6. The event is highlighted early inhabitants. the need for by Helmut Fricker and his Polka Tral exhIbit at Boot ... law. and the men who upheld it. Band and the authentic Gennan falo meatorice creamtreats. Next The jail bars from Dodge City's Ci food that is served that day. The door is the Old House Saloonused ty Hall. built in 1888. are featur festivities take place under a by the Boot Hill Museum and other ed. This exhibit is in the Beeson large tent that covers most ofthe local organizations for special Gallery. ;. open area ofthe museum grounds. events. including th.e Boot l;Iill The "Frontstreet Times Print Last year approximately 2.000' MuseumRepertory COmpany'S din Shop" will open this summer in a people enjoyed a day filled with ner theater performances. During new location in the Beeson Gal great music. fantastic food. and the summer a chuckwagon dinner lery. Here visitors can viewprint dancing. is served every evening from 5:30 jng equipment of the 1870s and During each December Boot Hill to 7:30 p.m.• featuring Kansas watch as an interpreter prints a Museum celebrates "Christmas in , beef. newspaper or wanted poster. Old Dodge City." with a special Four restored buildings round One ofthe most significant"nat holiday show in the Long Branch out the tourofFrontStreet: a one 'ural" exhibits ofBoot Hill Museum saloon; "Christmas on the Board room schoolhouse that also has is located nine miles west of walk." which includes an evening a temporary exhibit gallery. a Dodge City along U.S. 50. Here. stroll along the boardwalk with Santa Fe Railway depot ,and 1903 on 143 acres owned by the mu the shops lighted by kerosene Santa Fe locomotive. an 1880 car seum. exist some of. the most lamps. and special entertain riage shed that hou'ses the mu clearly defined ruts of the Santa ment; "Christmas is for Children," seum's blacksmith shop. and the Fe Trail. The site has been acces with a visit from Old St. Nick and Hardesty home. R. J. Hardesty sible to visitors since 1961 and a children's story hour; and the was a cattle rancherwhose family was designated a National Histor Victorian Christmas Tea in the resided here from 1880 to 1914. ic Landmark site in 1966. A well Hardesty House. with special mu The home is restored' to the early marked turnoff is available to sic and refreshments. 1880s. Trail buffs and with a short walk A dinnertheater series produced Boot Hill has a variety ofliving of 100 to 150 yards one can view by the Boot HillMuseum Repertory history exhibits. such as domes the historic ruts which extend to Company. featuring'plays andmu tic life in the Hardestyhouse. An the westapproximately a mile. Al sicals. takes place in the fall and 1880s medicine show is perfor so available at that site are the spring. The Old House Saloon med several times a day alongthe remains of the Eureka Irrigation seats 100 for dinner and an excel boardwalk. Each evening "Miss Canal. better known as the "Soule lent show. Kitty" hosts the LongBranch Vari Ditch." which was begun in 1883. Boot Hill Museum is open daily ety Show. with Doc at the piano. Some 30.000 to 50.000 people vis except Thanksgiving. Christmas. the Long Branch Can-Can girls. it this site each year, and New Year's day. Summerhours and a wide variety of specialty 1990 marks the 100th anniver are 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. daily acts. musical numbers. and non sary of the State Soldiers Home from the last weekend in May stop entertainment. preceded at old Fort Dodge. five miles east through the end ofAugust. Winter" each evening by a reenactmentof of Dodge City on highway 154. hours are 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. a Dodge City gunfight. The 60 Built in the 1860s to protecttrav Monday through Saturday. 1 ;00 minute music and comedy showis elers along the Santa Fe Trail and. p.m. to 5:00p.m. Sunday, Septem regularly attended by tourgroups later. those who builtthe railroad ber through May. Summer admis and visitors from all over the that replaced the Trail. FortDodge sion rates are $4.50 for adults, world. was abandoned in the late 1880s. $4.00 for seniors and students. Overthe pastyear. three new ex In 1890 itbecame a State Soldiers and $13.00 forfamily (7 and under hibits have been added. "Boot Hill Home and many of the original free). Winter admissions are Museum: 40 Years of History." buildings. some built as early as $3.25 adults. $3.00 seniors and located in the Boot Hill building. 1867. are still in use today. Many students. and $8.00 for family (7 traces the history of the museum , activities have been planned at and under free). For infonnation and features the, neon sign that Fort Dodge for this summer. for contact the Tour Director, Boot once was located on' the top of information please call (316) Hill Museum. Front Street. Dodge the original Boot Hill building. 227-2121. City. KS 67801 (316) 227-8188. -15- Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 15 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 Cheese Dried Peaches ..~ .. Dried Apples Nutmeg _ - Pickles Butter fu..~7U)P'J/.{, W.~';n Oysters Lard Train No . .. .lb. '. Oonlnol No, ...If!; No •.. .,g. of d-:(!Y:, •. Tomatoes Baking Powder Corn Mushrooms Jelly Herring Sauerkraut Beef Tongues Breakfast Bacon Food items constituted the the largest part of the army logistic line and presented special prob lems of administration, storage, • and timely shipment. All posts beyond the railroads were requir ed to maintain a six-month supply , j of subsistence in stock. In 1873 the army created the rank ofcom missary sergeant and stationed •I one at each post. The positions . . were filled from the ranks ofnon commissioned officers ofthe line who had demonstrated the cler . _.. ical skills and responsibility . ,,. •• ". ,1 needed for the job. The new • /l() specialist grade was a COnces • /.J3 sion on the army's part to its in ability to handle the huge //7t1 amounts of foodstuffs and the l ..... /jft,A1 accompanying paperwork through / ~ ?,J, the accountability chain. From that time until the ultimate death ~'9, of the Santa Fe Trail sevenyears (11. later, the commissary sergeant / \36' was the soldier most intimately I linked to the day-to-day opera //. a J. 9 I. tion of military freighting on the .J3 route. The majority ofthe wagons J and teamsters plying the Trail / #7/ pulled up to the commissary load (" opJ'Y ing docks. 1:)'0 The bills of lading reveal other J/ aspects ofTrail operations atthat I (3 J .. time. Some authors have asserted /1t1 that the shortening of the Trail / permitted the replacement ofoxen ...1 (,? with horses. The teamsters haul <371 ing for Chick, Browne and Co., at ,'5 ;01,1 least, did not reflect such a change. Of the wagons hauling '71'/ government freight forwarded by ///;/1 that firm, 75% were pulled by oxen, 10% by mules, and 15% by ...'1, I '7 horses. The chief commissary officer of New Mexico, Captain Facsimile of one page from Chick, Browne and Co. record book (courtesy • Charles P. Eagan, estimated in of Fort Union National Monument, NPS). 1875 that ox teams hauled 90% of company, along with Otero, Sellar ved as agent for freight contractor subsistence stores in the District and Co., did not devote most of Eugene B. Allen in 1874), were of New Mexico. its business to forwarding gov- handling infinitely more freight Perhaps the most enlightening ernment freight, as had the fa- destined for the civilian market. information of all concerns who mous firm of Russell, Majors and If the volume of government was actually on the Trail, driving Waddell in the late 1850s. The freight handled by Otero, Sellar teams, cracking the whips, and 1870s in New Mexico was a time and Co., and Chick, Browne and eating the dust raised bywagons of new settlement and growth. The Co., the two largest firms forward- and animals. Of the 73 freighters commission and forwarding mer- ing military freight in New Mex- hired or contracted by Chick, chants, and there were several ico, represents but a percentage Browne and Co., 63 had Spanish others besides those named (the of traffic on the Fort Union- surnames. New Mexicans, as Las Vegas, NM, firm of Marcus Granada Road, that route must always, were performing a major Brunswick and Eugenio Romero indeed have been busY during its role in the freighting on the Trail. was an agent for military freight period of use. Even without con- Something can also be learned contractor Henry C. Lovell in .elusive numbers to verify it, itis from what the Chick, Browne and 1873, and the Las Vegas mercan- apparent that th.is branch of the Co. volume does not reveal. The tile firm ofT. Romero and Bro. ser- Santa Fe Trail carried a signifi- -16- https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol4/iss3/1 16 : Wagon Tracks. Volume 4, Issue 3 (May, 1990) cant amount of traffic. _-. 'It::w.· " "No additional information on Josiah Gregg's famous estimate " ,n" these men is extant," p. 172, n. of freight traveling down the San " 87. - - • ." • .'II ta Fe Trail, 1822to 1843 (the cele , Both William H. Moore and Bur brated "glory years" ofTrail com ton F. Rees were military contrac- merce), lists fewer than 100 wa CONVERSE OF THE tors as well as merchants. Moore, gons as making the trip in all but PRAIRIES also post sutlerat Fort Union (one five of those years. His largest volume of his sutler store estimates were 130 wagons in -BOOK NOTICES- accounts is held by the History 1831 and 1839, and 230 wagons Barton H. Barbour, ed., Reluctant Library, Palace of the Governors, in 1843. The sizes ofwagons and Frontiersman: James Ross Lar Santa Fe), was an important the amount of freight each could kin on the Santa Fe Trail, 1856 source of funds for the,Union army haul varied, and itmustbe under 1857. Pp. xvi + 202. Albuquerque: in New Mexico during the Civil stood that a comparison ofwagon University of New Mexico Press, War. Major J. C. McFerran, quar numbers is not a precise compari 1990. 111us., map, appen., bib termaster for the Dept. of New son of payloads. Nevertheless, liog., index. Foreword by Marc Mexico, claimed that, without the Chick, Browne and Co., in May and Simmons. Cloth, $24.95; paper, funds provided by Moore, the army June 1874, sentfrom Granada over $14.95, plus $1.50 shipping for would not have been able to meet the Santa Fe Trail 56wagons load first copy and $.75 for each addi the demands on it at the time of ed with military supplies, and tional copy. Order from University the Confederate invasion. between July 1874 and June 1875, of New Mexico Press, Albuquer Three appendices provide a ,they shipped military freight in que, NM 87131. complete inventory of the items 413 wagons from WestLas Animas Larkin took with him on the Trail, to New Mexico. J ames Ross Larkin accompanied copies of several newspaper arti It would have been unusual if William Bent's caravan west in cles that shed additional light on this was the only firm forwarding the fall of 1856. Son of a wealthy Larkin and his journey, and a let supplies for military contractors. St. Louis mercantile family, Lar ter Larkin wrote in 1866. This By 1874-1875, civilian freight' kin was a sickly young man who book is a significant contribution undoubtedly generated more vol hoped the Trail would produce a to Trail literature and deserves ume than military freight and "prairie cure." His health did not the attention of all serious read required even more wagons to car improve, but he kept an invalu ers and collectors. ry commodities from the railheads able diary. •• ••• to New Mexico. Most commodities Part One of this book comprises to stock the post trader's store a five-chapter introduction that Cheryl J. Foote, Women on the at each of the military posts were gives Larkin's personal back New Mexico Frontier, 1846 1912. Niwot: University Press of also freighted over the Trail. ground, describes merchandising Colorado, 1990. Pp. xviii + 198. While Gregg estimated the value in St. Louis and Santa Fe, and 111us., notes, bibliog., index. of all commodities taken overthe tells something of the aims of Cloth, $19.95, plus $1.75 ship Trail in 1843 at $450,000, the to health-seekers in the Southwest. ping for first copy and $.75 for tal value of all freight in 1874 Barbour has delved deeply, into 1875 was counted in millions of primary sources and here pre each additional copy. Order from University Press of Colorado, P.O. dollars. sents much new information on Box 849, Niwot, CO 80544. In addition, just as mercantile the Trail in the 1850s, a decade headquarters were moved, the often neglected. This excellent study of Anglo' eastern termini of mail and Part Two presents the annotated pioneer women in New Mexico, stagecoach lines on the Trail also diary of Larkin, the original of many of whom traveled over the moved from railhead to railhead which is on file at Bent's Old Fort Santa Fe Trail, is founded largely and continued to operate along National Historic Site. Larkin fur on the writings of the subjects. the Mountain Branch. Also, mili nishes some keen observations Foote includes women whose tary officers and troops continued on overland travel andmajortrail writings have not been published to travel along the various personages, particularly William or are out of print, rare, and even branches of the Trail between Bent. Larkin sheds some light on obscure, adding new information railheads and duty stations. All the Indian troubles at Bent's New about a variety ofwomen and cir this activity would hardly qualify Fort in 1856. He met Kit Carson cumstances rather than just sum the Santa Fe Trail for a death and Ceran St. Vrain but said little marizing what is readily avail " warrant. about either. In Santa Fe, Larkin able to readers. III ' In its day the Fort Union was employed as clerk for Major Several topics and represent Granada Roadwas themajorroute Albert J. Smith, army paymaster, ative individuals are emphasiz of the Santa Fe Trail, and freight and accompanied Smith to Fort ed: wives of Protestant mission- , ing was still big business. With Union to pay the troops. The diary 'aries (Harriett Shaw and Martha that, it should be recognized that abruptly ends in New Mexico at Roberts). wives of pre-Civil War' the Santa Fe Trail, thougq becom the end of January 1857. army ,officers (Katie Bowen and ing ever shorter after the Civil Barbour's annotations provide Anna Maria Morris, both of whom War, lived a healthy life up to the necessary details to items men spent time at Fort Union on the very end, still accomplishing the tioned by Larkin, but two minor Santa Fe TraiO, wife of an enlist purpose that had given it errors should be noted. What ed man during the Ci vil War(Ellen birth-the link between the East should be the Middle Crossing of , Williams was wife, mother, laun- and the Southwest. the Arkansas in southwestKansas dress, and nurse with Colorado is given as the Upper Crossing, volunteers in New Mexico and [T.]. Sperry is ranger/histor p. 164, n. 46. The Tecolote mer along the Santa Fe Trail), wives ian at Fort Union National cantile firm of Moore and Rees is of post-Civil War army officers Monument.} -17- Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1990 17 Wagon Tracks, Vol. 4 [1990], Iss. 3, Art. 1 Clifford alone is reason enough to written. and heavily illustrated Trinidad business advertise buy this book), single missionary pamphlet, printed on fine paper, ments, from the Jewish mercan women (Alice Blake), and the first was issued to commemorate the tile establishment of Jaffa Broth woman anthropologist in New opening of the National Frontier ers to E. Mercier, a soda water Mexico (Matilda Cox Stevenson). Trails Center. Itprovides a reada manufacturer. The reprint is limit Each woman is unique and fas ble survey of the history of the ed to 1,000 numbered copies. cinating; all are representative of overland trails. -Mark L. Gardner pioneer women; The material is While main attention is focused • • ••• fresh and the scholarship and on the Oregon Trail, the Santa Fe Herbert E. Bolton, Coronado: writing are refreshing. The first Trail is not overlooked. Of par Knight ofPueblos andPlains. Re footnote in the book cites Wagon ticular interest is a full page im print, Albuquerque: University of • Tracks. a reference to Marian age of the celebrated wind wagon. New Mexico Press, 1990. Pp. xxix Meyer's article on Mary Donoho tried as an experiment onthe road, + 491. Maps. notes. appen., bib (August 1987). In all. this is a between Westport and Council liog.• index. Foreword by John L. major contribution to women's Grove. The last chapter serves as Kessell. Paper only. $14.95, plus history in the Southwest, but it a guide to Independence build $1.50 shipping for first copy and is more than just good women's ings that date from trail days. $.75 for each additional copy. history. It is social history at its This publication is highly recom Order from UniversityofNewMex best. mended. ico Press. Albuquerque. NM ••• • • -Marc Simmons 87131. ''The Santa Fe Trail," Cobblestone • • ••• This classic study. first publi (May 1990). Pp. 48. 111us., maps. Michael Beshoar, All About Trin shed in 1949, is reprinted as part Paper only, $3.95; order from Cob idad and Las Animas County, Col of the upcoming observation of blestone Publishing Co.• 30 Grove orado, Their History, Indus the 450th anniversary of the Cor St., Peterborough, NH 03458. tries, Resources, Etc. Reprint. onado expedition and the 500th Cobblestone: The History Mag Trinidad: Trinidad Historical anniversary of Spain's discovery azine for Young People has an Society. 1990. Pp. 127. Index. of the New World. Prof. Kessell outstanding reputation for its is Paper only, $10.00. plus $1.50 provides a new foreword. offering sues devoted to particulartopics. shipping. Order from Trinidad His a brief look at Bolton and his The Santa Fe Trail is the subject torical Society. P. O. Box 176. work. of the May 1990 edition. Everyone Trinidad, CO 81082. Although research conducted who has, children or was a child This publication is a facsimile since Bolton wrote has provided will find; this to be an interesting reprint of what is today consider additional information and in and informative collection of arti ed the firs