Film Formaten Een Overzicht
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Film formaten Een woordje uitleg bij de verschillende kolommen (waar nodig) • Negative gauge : afmeting van de negatieffilm, gemeten in de breedte, van rand tot rand • Negative aspect ratio : verhouding breedte / hoogte van het negatief (beeld) • Gate dimensions : afmetingen van de camera gate • Negative pulldown : transportsysteem (perforaties) • Negative lenses : normale (spherical) of anamorfe lenzen (bij opname) • Projection aspect ratio : verschilt van de Negative aspect ratio in geval van anamorfoten • Projection lenses : normale (spherical) of anamorfe lenzen (bij projectie) Met dank aan Wikipeda, waar ook de meeste links naar verwijzen Zie ook hier voor meer uitleg en illustatiemateriaal Negative Gate Negative Negative Projection Projection Projection Projection Year First known Negative aspect [1] Format Creator [1] dimensions pulldown lenses gauge aspect ratio dimensions lenses Created work gauge ratio much Etienne-Jules Chronophotographe 1888 90 mm less than unperforated spherical Marey 1.00 Louis Le Roundhay Paperfilm 1888 54 mm unperforated spherical 54 mm spherical Prince Garden Scene Emile Theatre Optique 1888 Pauvre Pierrot perforated spherical spherical Reynaud William irregular Chronophotographic 1889 54 mm spherical Friese-Greene perfs view of Wordsworth Kinesigraph 1889 Trafalgar 68 mm 1.00? unperforated spherical Donisthorpe Square William strip strip rolled Dickson and 1889 or Monkeyshines, rolled Kinetograph cylinder unperforated spherical around a spherical Thomas 1890 No. 1 around a cylinder Edison cylinder William 1 perf, 1 Dickson 19 mm, Kinetoscope horizontal Dickson and 1891 19 mm side, spherical spherical Greeting horizontal William Heise horizontal William Dickson and Blacksmithing 0.980" x 4 perf, 2 0.931" x Silent film standard 1892 35 mm 1.33 spherical 35 mm 1.33 spherical Thomas Scene 0.735" sides 0.698" Edison unperforated 54 mm (two Max footage of Emil (camera); 4 Bioskop 1892 54 mm spherical strips spherical Skladanowsky Skladanowsky perf, 2 sides interleaved) (projection) The Henley 2.750" x Acres 70 Birt Acres 1894 Royal Regatta 70 mm 1.38 spherical 70 mm spherical 2.000" of 1894 Woodville Griffo-Barnett 1.457" x 4 perf, 2 Eidoloscope 1895 51 mm 1.85 spherical 51 mm 1.85 spherical Latham Prize Fight 0.787" sides 1 perf, 2 Lumiere La Sortie des 0.980" x Cinematographe 1895 35 mm 1.33 sides spherical 35 mm 1.33 spherical Brothers Usines Lumiere 0.735" (rounded) 1 perf, 2 Sparring Herman 2.625" x sides Biograph 1895 Contest at 68 mm 1.35 spherical 68 mm spherical Casler 1.938" (punched in- Canastota camera) 5 perf, 2 Joly-Normandin Henri Joly 1895 60 mm spherical 60 mm spherical sides Biographe 1896 60 mm 1.40 unperforated spherical 60 mm 1.40 spherical Demeny- 1.750" x. Gaumont 1.250" Demeny- 1.750" x. 4 perf, 2 Chronophotographe 1896 60 mm 1.40 spherical 60 mm 1.40 spherical Gaumont 1.250" sides Casimir Sivan Sivan-Dalphin and E. 1896 38 mm spherical 38 mm spherical Dalphin Corbett- 1.875" x 5 perf, 2 Veriscope Enoch Rector 1897 Fitzsimmons 63 mm 1.66 spherical 63 mm spherical 1.125" sides fight Thomas 1.500" x Viventoscope 1897 48 mm 1.50 1 perf? spherical 48 mm spherical Henry Blair 1.000" unknown Birtac Birt Acres 1898 (amateur 17.5 mm 2 perf, 1 side spherical 17.5 mm spherical format) unknown T.C. 0.630" x Biokam 1899 (amateur 17.5 mm 1.60 1 perf, center spherical 17.5 mm spherical Hepworth 0.394" format) unknown John Alfred Prestwich 13 mm 1899 (amateur 13 mm spherical 13 mm spherical Prestwich format) Reulos, unknown 1 notch, 2 Mirograph Goudeau & 1900 (amateur 21 mm spherical 21 mm spherical sides Co format) Lumiere 2.362" x 8 perf, 2 Lumiere Wide 1900 75 mm 1.33 spherical 75 mm 1.33 spherical Brothers 1.772" sides 70 mm x Raoul 70 mm x 10 10 Cineorama Grimoin- 1900 Cineorama 4 perf? spherical projectors spherical cameras Sanson (360°) (360°) 1 perf, center (smaller and unknown 0.630" x less La Petite (Hughes) W.C. Hughes 1900 (amateur 17.5 mm 1.60 spherical 17.5 mm spherical 0.394" rectangular format) than Biokam) unknown Gaumont Pocket Chrono 1900 (amateur 15 mm 1 perf, center spherical 15 mm spherical Demeny format) unknown William no no Vitak 1902 (amateur no standard 1 perf, center spherical 11 mm spherical Wardell standard standard format) 22 mm, 2 0.236" x unknown perf (on no no 0.157" (three Home Kinetoscope Edison 1912 (amateur no standard no standard spherical frameline 1.5 spherical standard standard frames across format) between width) frame rows) unknown 3 perf on one 0.748" x Pathe Kok Pathe 1912 (amateur 28 mm 1.36 side, 1 perf spherical 28 mm spherical 0.551" format) on the other unknown Alexander F. 2 perfs, Duoscope 1912 (amateur 17.5 mm spherical 17.5 mm spherical Victor center format) Filoteo Il sacco di 5 perf, 2 Panoramico 1914 70 mm 2.52 spherical 70 mm spherical Alberini Roma sides 4 perf, 2 spherical Duplex 0.980" x 0.735" x Split Duplex 1915 35 mm 1.33 sides spherical 35 mm 1.87 (split image Corporation 0.735" 0.394" (shooting) 90° rotated) unknown 11 mm (American) 1916 (amateur 11 mm 1 perf, center spherical 11 mm spherical format) Movette unknown 2 perfs, 2 Movette Camera 1917 (amateur 17.5 mm sides spherical 17.5 mm spherical Company format) (rounded) unknown Alexander 0.748" x 3 perf, 2 28 mm safety standard 1918 (amateur 28 mm 1.36 spherical 28 mm spherical Victor 0.551" sides format) unknown 2 perf, 2 Clou (Austrian) 1920 (amateur 17.5 mm spherical 17.5 mm spherical sides format) unknown 26 mm (French) 1920 (amateur 26 mm 1 perf, 1 side spherical 26 mm spherical format) unknown 0.335" x 0.315" x 9.5 mm Pathe 1922 (amateur 9.5 mm 1.31 1 perf, center spherical 9.5 mm 1.31 spherical 0.256" 0.242" format) 35 mm x John D. Elms spherical 2 (both in 0.980" x 1.33 x 2 4 perf, 2 35 mm x 2 0.931" x Widescope and George 1922 (one lens 2.66 spherical same 0.735" negatives sides projectors 0.698" W. Bingham per strip) camera) unknown 2 perf, 2 Cinebloc Ozaphan 1922 (amateur 22 mm spherical 22 mm spherical sides format) 0.980" x 4 perf, 2 0.931" x Tri-Ergon soundfilm Tri-Ergon 1922 35 mm 1.33 spherical 42 mm 1.33 spherical 0.735" sides 0.698" unknown Eastman 0.404" x 1 perf, 1 or 2 0.378" x 16 mm 1923 (amateur 16 mm 1.37 spherical 16 mm 1.37 spherical Kodak 0.295" sides 0.276" format) unknown 2 perf, 2 Duplex G.J. Bradley 1923 (amateur 11 mm sides spherical 11.5 mm spherical format) (rounded) spherical, 1.575" x 10 perf, 2 Corrado on 65° Alberini-Hill 1924 35 mm 1.66 0.945" sides, 35 mm spherical Cerqua revolving (curved) horizontal drum unknown Cinelux Ozaphan 1924 (amateur 24 mm spherical 24 mm spherical format) 1.969" x 0.931" x 48 mm J.H. Powrie 1924 48 mm 1.32 horizontal spherical 35 mm 1.33 spherical 1.496" 0.698" George K. 2.060" x 6 perf, 2 Natural Vision Spoor and P. 1925 The American 63.5 mm 1.84 spherical 63.5 mm 2.00 spherical 1.120" sides, 20 fps John Berggren unknown 13 mm (French) 1925 (amateur 13 mm 4 perf, center spherical 13 mm spherical format) unknown 1 perf, 2 18 mm (Russian) 1925 (amateur 18 mm spherical 18 mm spherical sides format) 0.516" x 0.472" x 1.35 0.382" 0.354" unknown (silent); (silent); 1 perf, 2 1.33 (silent); (silent); Pathe Rural Pathe 1926 (amateur 17.5 mm spherical 17.5 mm spherical 1.30 0.445" x sides 1.26 (sound) 0.445" x format) (sound) 0.343" 0.343" (sound) (sound) John D. Elms Natural Vision 5 perf, 2 Widevision and George 1926 57 mm spherical 57 mm spherical Pictures sides W. Bingham spherical (selected Lorenzo del 0.980" x 4 perf, 2 0.931" x Magnascope 1926 Old Ironsides 35 mm 1.33 spherical 35 mm 1.33 scenes Riccio 0.735" sides 0.698" projected using a wider lens for larger picture) 0.980" x 4 perf, 2 0.826" x Movietone Lee De Forest 1927 As We Lie 35 mm 1.33? spherical 35 mm 1.17 spherical 0.735"? sides 0.708" 35 mm x 1.33 x 3 0.980" x 4 perf, 2 35 mm x 3 0.931" x Polyvision Abel Gance 1927 Napoléon 3 spherical 4.00 spherical negatives 0.735" sides projectors 0.698" cameras Lorenzo del You're in the 1.620" x 4 perf, 2 Magnafilm 1929 56 mm 2.19 spherical 56 mm 2.00 spherical Riccio Army Now 0.740" sides Henri Pour construire 0.980" x 4 perf, 2 2x 0.931" x 2x Hypergonar 1927 35 mm 2.66 35 mm 2.66 Chretien un feu 0.735" sides anamorphic 0.698" anamorphic 4 perf, 2 20th Century Fox Grandeur 1.890" x sides, 20 fps 1.768" x Grandeur 1929 70 mm 2.07 spherical 70 mm 2.00 spherical Fox News 0.913" (before 0.885" 1930) 10 perfs, 2 1.813" x 35 mm, Fearless Super Pictures Ralph G. Fear 1929 35 mm 2.27 sides, spherical spherical 0.800" horizontal horizontal Fearless Super- 1.811" x 5 perf, 2 1.772" x Film /Magnifilm Ralph G.