DOCSLIB.ORG

In Focus Cannabis Legalization

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
In Focus Cannabis Legalization IN FOCUS CANNABIS LEGALIZATION CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES: EVOLVING TRENDS AND 4 NEW CHALLENGES 2020 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. Suggested citation: In Focus: Cannabis legalization - World Drug Report 2020. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from UNODC. Applications for such permission, with a statement of purpose and intent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Research and Trend Analysis Branch of UNODC. DISCLAIMER The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNODC or contributory organizations, nor does it imply any endorsement. Comments on the report are welcome and can be sent to: Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime PO Box 500 1400 Vienna Austria Tel: (+43) 1 26060 0 Fax: (+43) 1 26060 5827 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.unodc.org/wdr2020 Acknowledgements The World Drug Report 2020 was prepared by the Research and Trend Analysis Branch, Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), under the supervi- sion of Jean-Luc Lemahieu, Director of the Division, and Angela Me, Chief of the Research and Trend Analysis Branch, and the coordination of Chloé Carpentier, Chief of the Drug Research Section. Content overview Administrative support Chloé Carpentier Andrada-Maria Filip Angela Me Iulia Lazar Analysis and drafting Kamran Niaz Editing Jonathan Gibbons Graphic design and production Anja Korenblik Suzanne Kunnen Kristina Kuttnig Federica Martinelli Review and comments The World Drug Report 2020 benefited from the expertise of and invaluable contributions from UNODC colleagues in all divisions. The Research and Trend Analysis Branch acknowledges the invaluable contributions and advice provided by the World Drug Report Scientific Advisory Committee: Jonathan Caulkins Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar Paul Griffiths Peter Reuter Marya Hynes Alison Ritter Vicknasingam B. Kasinather Francisco Thoumi Charles Parry EXPLANATORYKEY FINDINGS NOTES The designations employed and the presentation of The following abbreviations have been used in the the material in the World Drug Report do not imply present booklet: the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations con- alpha-PVP alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone cerning the legal status of any country, territory, city APAAN alpha-phenylacetoacetonitrile or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delim- ATS amphetamine-type stimulants itation of its frontiers or boundaries. Countries and areas are referred to by the names CBD cannabidiol that were in official use at the time the relevant data DEA Drug Enforcement Administration were collected. EMCDDA European Monitoring Centre for Since there is some scientific and legal ambiguity Drugs and Drug Addiction about the distinctions between “drug use”, “drug misuse” and “drug abuse”, the neutral term “drug Europol European Union Agency for Law use” is used in the World Drug Report. The term Enforcement Cooperation “misuse” is used only to denote the non-medical use GDP gross domestic product of prescription drugs. INCB International Narcotics Control All uses of the word “drug” and the term “drug use” Board in the World Drug Report refer to substances con- trolled under the international drug control INTERPOL International Criminal Police conventions, and their non-medical use. Organization All analysis contained in the World Drug Report is LSD lysergic acid diethylamide based on the official data submitted by Member MAPA methyl alpha-phenylacetoacetate States to the UNODC through the annual report MDA methylenedioxyamphetamine questionnaire unless indicated otherwise. The data on population used in the World Drug MDMA 3,4-methylenedioxymethampheta- Report are taken from: World Population Prospects: mine The 2019 Revision (United Nations, Department MDPV methylenedioxypyrovalerone of Economic and Social Affairs, Population 4-MEC 4-methylethcathinone Division). References to dollars ($) are to United States dollars, 3-MMC 3-methylmethcathinone unless otherwise stated. 4-MMC 4-methylmethcathinone References to tons are to metric tons, unless other- NPS new psychoactive substances wise stated. PCP phencyclidine P-2-P 1-phenyl-2-propanone PMK piperonyl methyl ketone S-DDD defined daily doses for statistical purposes THC Δ-9 – tetrahydrocannabinol UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 3 Developments in jurisdictions with measures regulating the non-medical use of cannabis of cannabis products for medical purposes had DEVELOPMENTS IN already been allowed in Canada as early as 1999. JURISDICTIONS WITH The objectives of the current cannabis legislation in MEASURES REGULATING Canada are to keep cannabis away from young people (under 18 years of age), to prevent criminals THE NON-MEDICAL USE from profiting from the distribution and sale of can- OF CANNABIS nabis and to safeguard public health and safety by allowing adults (aged 18 and older) legal access to As at December 2019, legal provisions had been cannabis.322 Under the constitutional division of approved in Canada, Uruguay and in 11 jurisdic- powers in Canada, the federal Government and pro- tions in the United States, including the District of vincial governments have different responsibilities.323 Columbia and the Northern Mariana Islands, to As the provinces historically developed their own allow the production and sale of cannabis products systems to regulate the sale of alcohol, a similar for non-medical use. The common feature of the approach has been applied to regulate the non-med- legislation in Canada and in the jurisdictions in the ical use of cannabis products. United States is that most of them allow for-profit To monitor the outcome of the new cannabis reg- industry to produce and sell cannabis products for ulations, the Government of Canada has invested non-medical use. There are some differences in the in a formal system that may eventually help to eval- level of regulation, its implementation and the con- uate their impact and support the further trol of the non-medical use of cannabis (see tables development of policies and programmes. One of 3, 4 and 5 for details on cannabis regulations in each the main measures taken to that end is a cannabis jurisdiction in Canada, the United States and Uru- survey that established a baseline in 2018 and is guay). Moreover, those regulations are implemented repeated every quarter in order to provide objective in different local contexts and influenced by different information on trends in the use of cannabis prod- dynamics, which is likely to have a different impact ucts, both medical and non-medical, as well as on on the development of cannabis markets within each how the legal cannabis market has evolved over time. jurisdiction, on the extent of the non-medical use of cannabis and on other indicators relating to public Following an initial increase in health and safety and criminal justice. It may take 2018, cannabis use appears to have years of regular monitoring of different indicators to stabilized fully assess the outcome and impact of the legisla- At the baseline, in the first quarter of 2018, nearly tion. The sections below therefore do not represent 14 per cent of Canadians (12.2 per cent of women an attempt to assess the impact of cannabis legaliza- and 15.8 per cent of men) reported that they had tion, but rather to describe the outcome of one year used cannabis, including cannabis products for med- of implementation of different features of the legis- ical purposes, in the past three months.324 The lation, the status of legislation and the regulation of highest prevalence rates were reported among those the non-medical use of cannabis in Canada, as well aged 25–34 (26 per cent) and 15–24 (23 per cent). as the developments in Uruguay and selected juris- By the beginning of 2019, the prevalence of use in dictions in the United States. the past three months had increased to 17.5 per Legalization of the non-medical cent, and it remained close to that level until the use of cannabis in Canada third quarter of 2019 (17.1 per cent). While the 322 Canada, Ministry of Justice, “Cannabis legalization and reg- In 2018, the Government of Canada passed the ulation”. Available at www.justice.gc.ca/eng/cj-jp/cannabis. Cannabis Act, which permits the commercial pro- 323 See table at the end of the present chapter. duction and sale of cannabis products for 324 It should be noted that prevalence of use in the past three non-medical use by people aged 18 and older. The months is not a measure generally used in the World Drug Report. The information on past-three-month prevalence is new legislation and its supporting regulations came presented here only because it is the period of monitoring into effect on 17 October 2018, although the use and reporting established by Statistics Canada. 5 2020 FIG. 1 Use of cannabis in the past three FIG. 2 Use of cannabis in the past three months in Canada, 2018–2019 months across provinces in Canada, third quarter of 2018 and third quarter 35 of 2019 30 35 25 30 WORLD DRUG REPORT 20 25 15 20 10 15 Prevalence (percentage) 5 10 0 5 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Prevalence (percentage) 2018 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 0 15 to 24 25 to 34 Alberta Ontario 35 to 44 45 to 54 Quebec Manitoba Nationwide 55 to 64 65 and older Scotia Nova Saskatchewan New Brunswick Source: Statistics Canada, “National cannabis survey 2018 and Columbia British 2019”.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pioneering the Future of Global Cannabis June 2020
    Pioneering the Future of Global Cannabis June 2020 ©2020 TILRAY Disclaimer Investors and prospective investors should rely only on the information contained in the continuous expected; that adverse changes or developments affecting the Company’s main or planned facilities may Although management has attempted to identify important risk factors that could cause actual results to disclosure filings (the “Filings”) of Tilray Inc. (the “Company”). This presentation is qualified in its entirety have an adverse effect on the Company; that the medical cannabis industry and market may not continue differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking information in this presentation, there may by reference to, and must be read in conjunction with, the information contained in the Filings. An investor to exist or develop as anticipated or the Company may not be able to succeed in this market; that the be other risk factors not presently known to the Company or that the Company presently believes are not or prospective investor is not entitled to rely on parts of the information contained in this presentation to Company has a limited operating history and a history of net losses and that it may not achieve or maintain material that could also cause actual results or future events to differ materially from those expressed in the exclusion of others, and the Company is not authorized to provide different or additional information. profitability in the future; risks related to the Company’s current or proposed international operations; risks such forward-looking information in this presentation. There can be no assurance that such information Unless otherwise specified, all monetary amounts in this presentation are in United States dollars.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1 (As Supplied by the Authors)
    Appendix 1 (as supplied by the authors): Sources of information regarding how each Canadian province and territory is allowing cannabis retail and online sales, and store locations Jurisdiction Source Store locations Provinces Newfoundland and Labrador Legislation: Bill 20: An Act Clarenville Green Stop (Esso), Clarenville, 258 Memorial Drive, Respecting the Control and Sale A5A1N9 of Cannabis1 C-Shop, Bay Roberts, 230 Conception Bay Highway, A0A1G0 Regulations: Newfoundland and C-Shop, Carbonear, 120 Columbus Drive, A1Y1B3 Labrador Cannabis Regulations2 C-Shop, Conception Bay South, 166 Conception Bay Highway, A1W3A6 List of Retail Stores: Store C-Shop, Corner Brook, 5 Murphy Square, A2H1R4 Locator (Cannabis NL)3 C-Shop, Gander, 100 Laurell Road, A1V2V5 Online Store: Cannabis NL4 C-Shop, Grand Falls-Windsor, 17 Cromer Ave, A2A1X3 C-Shop, Mount Pearl, 150 Old Placentia Road, A1N4Y9 C-shop, St. John's, 260 Blackmarsh Road, A1E1T2 C-shop, St. John's, 55 Stavanger Drive, A1A5E8 C-Shop, Stephenville, 62 Prince Rupert Drive, A2N3W7 Deer Lake Green Stop, Deer Lake, 31 Upper Nicholsville Rd, A8A2G1 High North, Labrador City, 1 Neal Drive, A2V1Y5 Miawpukek Cannabis Boutique, Conne River, 19 Miawpukek Drive, A0H1J0 Paradise Green Stop, Paradise, 1316 Topsail Rd, A1L1N9 The Herbal Centre, St. John's, 394 Kenmount Road, A1B3R2 The Natural Vibe, St. John's, 306 Water Street, A1C1B8 The Reef Cannabis Shop, Holyrood, 386 CBS Highway, A0A2R0 Thomas H. Clarke's Distribution, Portugal Cove - St. Phillips, 1614 Portugal Cove Road, A1M3G3 Tweed, Conception Bay, 81 Conception Bay Highway S Unit 3, A1W3A3 Tweed, Corner Brook, 62 Broadway Avenue, A2H6H4 Tweed, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, 27 Aspen Drive, A0P1C0 Tweed, Mount Pearl, 50 Commonwealth Ave Unit 5, A1N1X1 Tweed, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Cannabis Q&A
    Medical Cannabis Q&A 1. What is medical cannabis? The term “medical cannabis” is used to describe products derived from the whole cannabis plant or its extracts containing a variety of active cannabinoids and terpenes, which patients take for medical reasons, after interacting with and obtaining authorization from their health care practitioner. 2. What are the main active ingredients? The chemical ingredients of cannabis are called cannabinoids. The two main therapeutic ones are: THC:CBD a. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a partial agonist of CB1 and CB2 receptors. It is psychoactive and produces the euphoric effect. Each cannabis product will contain THC and CBD, however b. Cannabidiol (CBD) has a weak affinity for CB1 and CB2 receptors and appears the THC: CBD ratio will differ to exert its activity by enhancing the positive effects of the body’s endogenous depending on the product. cannabinoids. 3. Why do patients take it? Medical cannabis may be used to alleviate symptoms for a variety of conditions. It has most commonly been used in neuropathic pain and other chronic pain conditions. There is limited, but developing clinical evidence surrounding its safety and efficacy, and it does not currently have an approved Health Canada indication. 4. How do patients take it? Cannabis can be smoked, vaporized, taken orally, sublingually, topically or rectally. Different routes of administration will result in different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug. 5. Is it possible to develop dependence on medical cannabis? Yes, abrupt discontinuation after long-term use may result in withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, chronic use may result in psychological dependence.
    [Show full text]
  • In Focus Cannabis Legalization 4
    IN FOCUS CANNABIS LEGALIZATION 4 2020 Developments in jurisdictions with measures regulating the non-medical use of cannabis of cannabis products for medical purposes had DEVELOPMENTS IN already been allowed in Canada as early as 1999. JURISDICTIONS WITH The objectives of the current cannabis legislation in MEASURES REGULATING Canada are to keep cannabis away from young people (under 18 years of age), to prevent criminals THE NON-MEDICAL USE from profiting from the distribution and sale of can- OF CANNABIS nabis and to safeguard public health and safety by allowing adults (aged 18 and older) legal access to As at December 2019, legal provisions had been cannabis.322 Under the constitutional division of approved in Canada, Uruguay and in 11 jurisdic- powers in Canada, the federal Government and pro- tions in the United States, including the District of vincial governments have different responsibilities.323 Columbia and the Northern Mariana Islands, to As the provinces historically developed their own allow the production and sale of cannabis products systems to regulate the sale of alcohol, a similar for non-medical use. The common feature of the approach has been applied to regulate the non-med- legislation in Canada and in the jurisdictions in the ical use of cannabis products. United States is that most of them allow for-profit To monitor the outcome of the new cannabis reg- industry to produce and sell cannabis products for ulations, the Government of Canada has invested non-medical use. There are some differences in the in a formal system that may eventually help to eval- level of regulation, its implementation and the con- uate their impact and support the further trol of the non-medical use of cannabis (see tables development of policies and programmes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Burgeoning Recognition and Accommodation of The
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography International Journal of Drug Policy 58 (2018) 93–103 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Drug Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/drugpo Policy Analysis The burgeoning recognition and accommodation of the social supply of T drugs in international criminal justice systems: An eleven-nation comparative overview ⁎ Ross Coombera, , Leah Moyleb, Vendula Belackovac, Tom Decorted, Pekka Hakkarainene, Andrew Hathawayf, Karen Joe Laidlerg, Simon Lentonh, Sheigla Murphyi, John Scottj, Michaela Stefunkovak, Katinka van de Venl, Marieke Vlaemynckd, Bernd Wersem a Department of Sociology, Social Policy and Criminology, University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, L69 7ZA, United Kingdom b Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus G06_2.08, Queensland, 4222, Australia c Department of Insitutional Economics, University of Economics, UE Prague, W. Churchill Sq. 4, 130 67 Prague 3, Czech Republic d Institute for Social Drug Research (ISD), Ghent University, Universiteitstraat 4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium e Alcohol, Drug and Addictions Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland f Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada g Department of Sociology, University of Hong Kong, The Jockey Club Tower, Centennial Campus, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China h National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Building 609, Level 2, 7 Parker Place Technology Park, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia i Center for Substance Abuse Studies, Institute for Scientific Analysis, 390 4th Street, Second Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA j School of Justice, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology, Level 4, C Block, Gardens Point, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia k Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention, Namesti 14.
    [Show full text]
  • Legalisation in South America
    Interest in medical cannabis is growing worldwide, resulting in many countries legalising cannabis for medical use. In particular, the South American market is progressing rapidly and has become a focus for biotech companies seeking to gain a foothold in the global medicinal cannabis market. Consumer perceptions are shifting, with recent studies showing 70% of South Americans agree with the use of medical cannabis and 51% are in favour of legalising cannabis9. However, legislation is still catching up as only six countries in South America have legalised cannabis for medical or recreational use – these are: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay and Uruguay1. LEGALISATION IN SOUTH AMERICA Argentina – as of March 2017, Argentina has legalised cannabis oil for the treatment of serious medical conditions2. This new law permits the cultivation of cannabis for distribution and research2. The Argentinean government also provides a medical cannabis research program that guarantees free access to cannabis oil to patients who join the program12. Brazil - has the largest population of any country in South America and has partially legalised cannabis use11. To date, the government has decriminalised the possession of small amounts of cannabis1. However, support for cannabis use is growing as in March 2017, the health department of Brazil approved the country’s first-ever license to sell a cannabis-based medical product, Mevatyl (also known as Sativex)3 which is a mouth spray for multiple sclerosis patients2. Colombia - has legalised cannabis for medical use1. This move was made in the hope of diminishing Colombia’s drug trafficking business13. As part of its peace process with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), Colombia also plans to offer a crop substitution program for farmers of illegal coca crops to cultivate cannabis legally instead1.
    [Show full text]
  • When It Comes to Cannabis Potency?
    Testimony Should Canada “Start Low and Go Slow” When It Comes to Cannabis Potency? CT-­492 Testimony presented before the Standing Committee on Social Affairs, Science, and Technology Senate of Canada on May 7, 2018. C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CT492.html Testimonies RAND testimonies record testimony presented or submitted by RAND associates to federal, state, or local legislative committees; government-appointed commissions and panels; and private review and oversight bodies. Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2018 RAND Corporation RA® is a registered trademark. Limited Print andElectronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.html. www.rand.org Should Canada “Start Low and Go Slow” When It Comes to Cannabis Potency? Testimony of Beau Kilmer1 The RAND Corporation2 Before the Standing Committee on Social Affairs, Science, and Technology Senate of Canada May 7, 2018 hairperson Eggleton, Deputy Chairperson Petitclerc, Deputy Chairperson Seidman, and other distinguished members of the Standing Committee on Social Affairs, Science, and C Technology, thank you very much for the opportunity to testify before you today.
    [Show full text]
  • Commission on Narcotic Drugs Report of the Sixteenth Session (24 April - 10 May 1961)
    E/35U / E/CN.7/411 · __n~~VANCE UN UBRARY NOV 1 ;j )~bl UN/SA COLLECl\ON UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON NARCOTIC DRUGS REPORT OF THE SIXTEENTH SESSION (24 APRIL - 10 MAY 1961) ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL OFFICIAL RECORDS: THffiTY-SECOND SESSION J SUPPLEMENT No. 9 GENEVA CONTENTS Chapter Paragraphs Page I. Organizational and administrative matters. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1-20 Representation at the session. 1-11 Opening and duration of the session . .. .. .. .. .. ... ........ ... 12 2 Election of officers ... ............. ..... ... ..... .. .......... ... 13 2 Adoption of the agenda ....... ......... ....... ... .......... ... ..... 14-15 2 Report of the Commission to the Economic and Social Council on its sixteenth session. .... ...... .. ... ......... ....... ... .... .. ........... .. .. 16 3 Organization of the seventeenth session of the Commission ............. ... .. 17-19 3 Place of meeting of the seventeenth session of the Commission..... .......... 20 3 II. Implementation of the treaties and international control ....... ................. 21-70 4 Report of the Division of Narcotic Drugs ...... .. .. ...... .......... .. ... 21-23 4 List of drugs under international control. ...... .. ... .. ............ ....... 24-27 4 Ratifications, acceptance, accessions and declarations concerning the multilateral treaties on narcotic drugs . .... .. .................. .. ........... .... 28-31 4 Annual reports of governments made in pursuance of article 21 of the 1931 Convention . .. .. .. .... .. .. .. ...... .. .... .... .. .... ......
    [Show full text]
  • Rockledge City Council Regular Meeting Notice and Agenda
    ROCKLEDGE CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING NOTICE AND AGENDA Wednesday, February 1, 2017 - 6:00 p.m. Chairman Thomas J. Price Presiding Council Chamber, Rockledge City Hall, 1600 Huntington Lane, Rockledge, FL 32955 *~*~*~*~*~*~* EVERY PERSON ADDRESSING THE CITY COUNCIL MUST COMPLETE A SPEAKER'S CARD The cards are located near the door of the Council Chamber. Completed cards are to be given to the City Clerk before the meeting convenes or prior to the introduction of a particular agenda item. *~*~*~*~*~*~* 1. CALL TO ORDER / ROLL CALL 2. INVOCATION l Councilman Hartselle 3. SALUTE TO THE FLAG 4. APPROVAL OF MINUTES l Regular Meeting on January 18, 2017 Documents: COUNCIL MINUTES 2017 01-18.PDF 5. PRESENTATIONS A. Mayor Price 1. Certificate Of Completion To Councilman Daski: 2016 Florida League Of Cities Advanced Institute For Elected Municipal Officials B. Public Works Director Poole 1. Video: Know Your Waterways 6. FINANCIAL / BUDGET REPORT l None 7. PUBLIC HEARINGS / ORDINANCES / RESOLUTIONS A. Resolution: Providing for the Apportionment of $4.00 of the $14.00 Base Sewer Service Charge Documents: 2017- RESOLUTION SEWER CHARGE APPORTIONMENT.PDF B. Public Hearing: VE-17-01, Vacate Public Utility Easement, Lots 25, 26, 27 and 28, Angela Avenue, Casa Loma Subdivision Documents: PUBLIC HEARING NOTICE VACATE EASEMENT PORTION OF ANGELA AVE CASA LOMA SUBDIVSION.PDF C. Resolution: Vacating Public Utility Easement, Lots 25, 26, 27 and 28, Angela Avenue, Casa Loma Subdivision Documents: 2017- RESOLUTION VACATING EASEMENT, CASA LOMA SUBDIVISION BLOCK A (VE-17-01, RJM MERCO).PDF D. Ordinance: First Reading, Relating to Cannabis Dispensing Facilities and Imposing a Temporary Moratorium on the Opening of Any New Cannabis Dispensing Facility Documents: ORDINANCE NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Clearing the Smoke on Cannabis Edible Cannabis Products, Cannabis Extracts and Cannabis Topicals
    7 Clearing the Smoke on Cannabis Edible Cannabis Products, Cannabis Extracts and Cannabis Topicals Robert Gabrys, Ph.D., Research and Policy Analyst, CCSA Key Points • Edible cannabis products, cannabis extracts and cannabis topicals have unique health and safety risks that are not inherent to dried cannabis. • High-potency cannabis extracts increase the risk of over-intoxication more This is the seventh in a series of than dried cannabis. Although limited, the available evidence indicates that reports that reviews the effects of frequent use of these products is associated with problematic cannabis use, cannabis use on various aspects of cannabis use disorder and mental health disorders. human functioning and development. • Edible cannabis products can increase the risk of over-consumption and Other reports in this series address subsequent over-intoxication and impairment. Because when unpackaged they look like ordinary food and beverage products, edible cannabis products the link between regular cannabis use also increase the risk of unintentional ingestion, especially by children. and mental health, regular cannabis • Research on cannabis topicals, including the use of topical and transdermal use and cognitive functioning, maternal cannabidiol products, is limited. There is, however, growing interest among cannabis use during pregnancy, dermatologists and consumers in these cannabis products. cannabis use and driving, respiratory • The health impacts associated with long-term use of edible cannabis and cardiovascular effects of smoking products, cannabis extracts and cannabis topicals are not known. cannabis, and the medical use of • Public education efforts will play an important role in mitigating the harms cannabis and cannabinoids. This series associated with new cannabis products.
    [Show full text]
  • Selling Cannabis Regulation: Learning from Ballot Initiatives in the United States in 2012
    ISSN 2054-1910 Selling cannabis regulation: Learning From Ballot Initiatives in the United States in 2012 Emily Crick*, Mark Cooke¥ and Dave Bewley-Taylorp Policy Brief 6 | November 2014 Key Points • In November 2012, Washington, Colorado, and Oregon voted on ballot initiatives to establish legally regulated markets for the production, sale, use and taxation of cannabis.1 Washington and Colorado’s measures won by wide margins, while Oregon’s lost soundly. • A majority of voters view cannabis in a negative light, but also feel that prohibition for non-medical and non-scientific purposes is not working. As a result, they are more likely to support well-crafted reform policies that include strong regulations and direct tax revenue to worthy causes such as public health and education. • Ballot measures are not the ideal method for passing complicated pieces of legislation, but sometimes they are necessary for controversial issues. Other states often follow in their footsteps, including via the legislature. • The successful campaigns in Washington and Colorado relied on poll-driven messaging, were well organised, and had significant financing. The Oregon campaign lacked these elements. • The Washington and Colorado campaigns targeted key demographic groups, particularly 30-50 year old women, who were likely to be initially supportive of reform but then switch their allegiance to the ‘no’ vote. • Two key messages in Washington and Colorado were that legalisation, taxation and regulation will (i) free up scarce law enforcement resources to focus on more serious crimes and (ii) will create new tax revenue for worthy causes. • National attitudes on legalising cannabis are changing, with more and more people supporting reform.
    [Show full text]
  • Personal Use Cannabis Rules Special Adopted New Rules: N.J.A.C
    NEW JERSEY CANNABIS REGULATORY COMMISSION Personal Use Cannabis Rules Special Adopted New Rules: N.J.A.C. 17:30 Adopted: August 19, 2021 by New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory Commission, Dianna Houenou, Chair. Filed: August 19, 2021 Authority: N.J.S.A. 24:6I-31 et seq. Effective Date: August 19, 2021 Expiration Date: August 19, 2022 This rule may be viewed or downloaded from the Commission’s website at nj.gov/cannabis. These rules are adopted pursuant to N.J.S.A. 24:6I-34(d)1a of the New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory, Enforcement Assistance, and Marketplace Modernization Act, N.J.S.A. 24:6I- 31 et seq., and became effective upon acceptance for filing by the Office of Administrative Law. The specially adopted new rules shall be effective for a period not to exceed one year from the date of filing of the new rules, that is, until August 19, 2022. The Commission has provided this special adoption to the Attorney General, State Treasurer, Commissioner of Health, and Commissioner of Banking and Insurance for a consultation period, after which the Commission anticipates filing a proposal to readopt these rules with amendments reflecting the results of that consultation. In accordance with N.J.S.A. 24:6I-34(d)1b the rules, as readopted, will become effective upon acceptance for filing by the Office of Administrative Law if filed on or before the expiration date of the rules published herein. The adopted amendments will be effective upon publication in the New Jersey Register. Federal Standards Analysis The Cannabis Regulatory, Enforcement Assistance, and Marketplace Modernization Act obliges the Cannabis Regulatory Commission to promulgate rules necessary or proper to enable it to carry out the Commission’s duties, functions, and powers with respect to overseeing the development, regulation, and enforcement of activities associated with the personal use of cannabis pursuant to P.L.2021, c.16.
    [Show full text]