Am J Transl Res 2020;12(10):6015-6026 www.ajtr.org /ISSN:1943-8141/AJTR0115203

Review Article Lipid metabolism-related of relevant evolutionary and lymphoid interest (PRELI) domain containing family proteins in cancer

Yue Zhu, Renrui Zou, Huanhuan Sha, Ya Lu, Yuan Zhang, Jianzhong Wu, Jifeng Feng, Dongfeng Wang

The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Received May 28, 2020; Accepted September 11, 2020; Epub October 15, 2020; Published October 30, 2020

Abstract: Metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells plays a critical role in the tumor microenvironment, including disorder of lipid metabolism. Recently, lipid metabolism has received increasing attention in cancer research. The proteins of relevant evolutionary and lymphoid interest (PRELI) domain containing family contains 6 proteins. Functionally, the PRELI-like family proteins were mainly involved in mitochondrial lipid transport and correlated with several types of diseases and malignant tumors. Here we review current knowledge of the functions, structures, bio- logical functions and underlying mechanisms of the PRELI-like family proteins in cancer progression, which provide insights into the clinical translational application.

Keywords: Lipid metabolism, the PRELI-like family, tumor

Introduction ments homeostasis of cell. Lipid metabolic dis- order can disrupt normal physiological func- The proteins of relevant evolutionary and lym- tion. Aberrant expressions of lipid metabolism- phoid interest (PRELI) domain containing fami- related lead to uncontrolled cell prolifer- ly, which contains PRELI/MSF1 motif, is pre- ation and tumor microenvironment remodeling. sent in a wide variety of eukaryotic proteins Therefore, the reprogramming of lipid metabo- [1]. The family contains six members, lism may play an indispensable role in carcino- namely PRELID1 (PRELI domain containing 1), genesis, invasion and metastasis. PRELID2, PRELID3A, PRELID3B, SCE1L1 and SCE1L5. The PRELI-like family proteins play an Here we summarize the recent progress of lipid important role of embryonic and development metabolism-related PRELI family proteins. We lymphocyte differentiation. They have been also discuss the family members’ effects on proposed to involve many cellular functions human diseases, especially the relationship including apoptosis, cellular lipid metabolism between lipid metabolism disorders and can- and cellular signaling. Therefore, the PRELI-like cer progression, which will highlight a novel tu- family proteins might be correlated with the mor biomarker and potential molecular target occurrence and development of multiple malig- for novel cancer therapy. nant tumors. Recent studies have found that the PRELI-like family proteins regulated phos- Structure characteristics of PRELI family pholipids transport in mitochondria, and regu- lated Mitochondrial ROS signaling as well as PRELI was first recognized as a stage-specific tumor progression and prognosis [2-4]. gene during mature B lymphocyte maturation and differentiation, and over 85% of PRELI Lipid metabolism is one of the most important amino acid sequence shared similar with the metabolic pathways in organism. It participates avian px19 [1, 5]. The PRELI domain contain- in signaling transduction, energy storage and ing proteins were ubiquitous and evolution- release, and structural components of biofilms, arily conserved from plants to mammals. The which maintains internal and external environ- PRELI/MSF1 domain was characterized by a The PRELI-like family in cancer mixed α/β globular fold associating six β squid, PRELID4A and PRELID4B were also strands and four α helices [6]. Among the 6 known as SEC14L1 (SEC14 Like Lipid Binding PRELI domain family proteins, PRELID1, PRE- 1) and SEC14L5 (SEC14 Like Lipid Binding 5). LID2, PRELID3A (SLMO1) and PRE