Paco Arrives in Ottawa
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Paco visits Canada and the USA: Paco arrives in Ottawa Introduction In this topic we are learning about modal verbs, their form and the different meanings they can express. Then we are studying defining relative clauses and, finally, we are going to have a look at reported speech, at this stage, orders and statements. It may seem a dense topic, but don't worry! As usual, in topic 1, the main objective is to be able to identify and recognize all these forms, and in subsequent topics you will learn more about them. Let's begin! Further knowledge Remember, once again, when you need to know the pronunciation of any word or you would like to practise some English words or phrases, write them under our robot Mike and he will be delighted to help you. Self-Assessment activity Watch this introductory video to Toronto and then decide if the statements below are true or false. 1. According to the images, Toronto is multicultural. Verdadero Falso 2. 5.5 million people live in Toronto. Verdadero Falso 3. There isn't any cultural life in Toronto. Verdadero Falso 4. There is universal Health Care. Verdadero Falso 5. Toronto is the capital of Ontario. Verdadero Falso Let's look at the topic in detail! Map 1. Paco can communicate in Canada Reading activity Paco has arrived in Ottawa, the capital city of Canada and the second largest city of the province of Ontario. He's very excited about visiting a new country. Canada is the second largest country in the world. It consists of 10 provinces and three territories as you can see in the map. There are two official languages in this country, English and French, so Paco can communicate with Canadian people without any problem. By E Pluribus Anthony , C. Commons The existence of these two official languages dates back to the 15th century, when both British and French expeditions explored this land and settled along the Atlantic coast. Today it is officially a bilingual country, which means both languages have equal status in government and administration. For example, all laws must be enacted in English and French. However, this does not mean people in the country can speak both languages. In fact, 67.5% of the population speak only English and 13.3% speak only French. And Quebec is the only province where the official language is only French. The most populated areas of Canada are in the south, where Paco is going to stay at the beginning. Then he might go up to the north and visit the province of in real life. He has seen them many times in films... This makes him think he should buy some warmer clothes. It must be freezing in the Arctic! What modal verbs can you find in the text? Self-Assessment activity Read the text again and decide if the following statements are true or false. 1. Ontario is the capital city of Canada. Verdadero Falso 2. Canada is the second biggest country in the world. Verdadero Falso 3. Alaska is part of Canada. Verdadero Falso 4. Most people can speak English in Canada. By drurydrama (Len Radin) , C. Commons Verdadero Falso 5. All provinces in Canada are officially bilingual. Verdadero Falso 6. Most Canadian people live in the north. Verdadero Falso Study these examples taken from the reading text: Paco can communicate with Canadian people without any problem. All laws must be enacted in English and French. Paco might go up to the north and visit Nunavut. Paco could meet some Inuit people there. 1- What form of the verb comes after modal verbs? 2- Can modal verbs act as main verbs? 3- What is the negative form of can, must, might, could and should ? Further knowledge Have a look at this website in order to learn the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms of modal verbs. Self-Assessment activity Transform these sentences into negative and interrogative ones: 1. Laws must be enacted in English and French. NEGATIVE: INTERROGATIVE: ? 2. He should buy warmer clothes. NEGATIVE: . INTERROGATIVE: ? Enviar Let's learn more about modal verbs in the next section! 1.1. Paco might visit the north Let's study the examples of modal verbs we have seen in the previous section: 1. It consists of 10 provinces and three territories as you can see in the map. 2. There are two official languages in this country, English and French, so Paco can communicate with Canadian people without any problem. 3. For example, all laws must be enacted in English and French 4. However, this does not mean people in the country can speak both languages. 5. Then he might go up to the north and visit the province of Nunavut. 6. Paco could meet some Inuit people there. 7. This makes him think he should buy some warmer clothes. 8. It must be freezing in the Arctic! By robynejay , C. Commons Which meanings do these modal verbs convey? Choose from: ability, possibility, obligation, deduction, prohibition or advice. As we have just seen, a modal verb can express different meanings and different modal verbs can convey the same meaning: MUST All laws must be enacted in English and French. (obligation) It must be freezing in the Arctic! (deduction) POSSIBILITY Paco might visit the province of Nunavut. What do these sentences express? 1. You mustn't smoke in this room. 2. I may go out with him. 3. May I open the door? 4. You ought to study more. Self-Assessment activity Which meaning do the following sentences express? 1. They may finish tomorrow. By meironke , C. Commons a) ability b) deduction c) possibility Mostrar retroalimentación 2. It could be a good idea. a) ability b) deduction c) possibility Mostrar retroalimentación 3. They could swim very well when they were younger. a) ability b) deduction c) possibility Mostrar retroalimentación 4. You shouldn't smoke so much. By Small , C. Commons b) advice c) obligation Mostrar retroalimentación 5. He's seriously overweight. He must go on a diet. a) obligation b) deduction c) advice Mostrar retroalimentación Further knowledge You can practice some exercises on modal verbs by clicking on the links below: Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Curiosity Do you know the Queen of Canada? Yes, you do! It is, in fact, Queen Elisabeth II, the British queen. She is the monarch of many other countries of the Commonwealth (a group of countries which were formerly part of the British Empire). She is the embodiment of the country and officially regarded as the head of state. She represents the country and performs several official duties. However, because she lives in the United Kingdom, many duties are carried out by her representative in Canada, the Governor General. By NASA/Bill Ingalls , public domain Let's deal with something different now. We are learning about defining relative clauses in the next section. 2. Canada is the country that Paco chose to visit next Listening activity As you know, Paco has landed in Ottawa, the capital city of Canada. Have a look at this video about the city and listen to the girl. Listen to it as many times as you need and then answer the true or false questions in the next exercise. Pregunta Verdadero-Falso Listen to the video as many times as you need and then decide if the statements below are true or false. 1. Ottawa is the largest city in Canada. Verdadero Falso 2. Queen Victoria is the person who chose Ottawa as the capital city of Canada in 1857. Verdadero Falso 4. The high humidity is an issue that irritates people in Ottawa. Verdadero Falso 5. The Peace Tower is a national symbol which is part of the Parliament Buildings. Verdadero Falso 6. People can't travel on the Canal. Verdadero Falso 7. The Dutch Royal Family are the people who sent tulips as a present. Verdadero Falso 8. Ottawa's Canadian Museum of Civilization is a place which traces over 1000 years of Canadian history. Verdadero Falso 9. Canada is home to the fourth largest collection of mazes. Verdadero Falso 10. The biggest problem in Ottawa is deciding what to do. Verdadero Falso Now have a look at the sentences used in the true-false activity. Some of these sentences are examples of relative clauses. You can identify them through the relative pronouns who, that or which. What are the sentences containing relative clauses? The man who is in the photo is my brother. The Peace Tower, which is part of the Parliament Buildings, is a national symbol. 1- What is the difference between them? 2- We have seen three different relative pronouns. Which one do we use to talk about people? Which one do we use to talk about things? Which one can we use to talk about both people or things? Further knowledge If you want to learn more about relative clauses, have a look at this website . Self-Assessment activity Are these defining relative clauses correct (true) or incorrect (false)? 1. The woman which lives next door is very nice. Verdadero Falso 2. The woman, who lives next door is very nice. Verdadero Falso 3. The woman who lives next door is very nice. Verdadero Falso 4. The woman that lives next door is very nice. By ep715 , C. Commons Verdadero Falso Let's learn about reported speech in the next section. 3. John said that there were many attractions Reading activity Paco has been sightseeing in Ottawa. He went on a walking tour this morning and he learned a lot from the guide about this cosmopolitan city.