Persoonia Arborea, the Tree Geebung

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The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2020: T118152388A122769131 Scope(s): Global Language: English

Persoonia arborea, The Tree Geebung

Assessment by: Weston, P. & Cameron, D.

View on www.iucnredlist.org

Citation: Weston, P. & Cameron, D. 2020. Persoonia arborea. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T118152388A122769131. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020- 3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en

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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family

Plantae Tracheophyta Magnoliopsida Proteales Proteaceae

Scientific Name: Persoonia arborea F.Muell.

Common Name(s): • English: The Tree Geebung Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria: Critically Endangered A2abce+4bc ver 3.1

Year Published: 2020

Date Assessed: February 5, 2019

Justification: This species is assessed as Critically Endangered due to its population has declined over 80% in the past three generations (300 years) and continues to decline. This not reversible and is mainly due to dramatic habitat degradation caused by fire and logging within its range. Geographic Range

Range Description: This plant is restricted to the ranges at the headwaters of the La Trobe and Yarra Rivers in Victoria, Australia. It grows between 450 m and 1,200 m asl (ABRS 2017). This species has a restricted distribution with an EOO 2,361 km2 and an AOO 520 km2.

Country Occurrence: Native, Extant (resident): Australia (Victoria)

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Persoonia arborea – published in 2020. 2 https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en Population The population of this species has declined over 80% in the past 300 years (three generations) and continues to decline (P. Weston pers. comm. 2019). Current Population Trend: Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information) This shrub or tree grows between 3–14 m tall in wet sclerophyll forest to cool-temperate rainforest on granite, acid volcanics and in metamorphic substrata. Flowering occurs from December to March (ABRS 2017). Its thin bark and lack of lignotuber suggests it is likely an obligate seed regenerator (Mueck et al. 1996).

Systems: Terrestrial

Use and Trade (see Appendix for additional information) There is not believed to be any use or trade in this species.

Threats (see Appendix for additional information) Fire and logging are contributing to a dramatic decline in habitat. Additionally, it is reported that parasites target the fruit (P. Weston and D. Cameron pers. comm. 2019).

Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information) This plant is likely found in several protected areas, including Bunyip State Park and the Yarra Ranges, based on its distribution. Credits

Assessor(s): Weston, P. & Cameron, D.

Reviewer(s): Zhang, J.

Facilitator(s) and Zhang, J., MacKay, C. & Martínez Richart, A.I. Compiler(s):

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Persoonia arborea – published in 2020. 3 https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en Bibliography ABRS. 2017. Flora of Australia Online. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Available at: https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa. (Accessed: 15 August 2017).

ALA. 2017. Atlas of Living Australia. Available at: http://www.ala.org.au. (Accessed: 15 August 2017).

Department of Environment and Primary Industries Victoria. 2014. Advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria.

IUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-3. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 10 December 2020).

Mueck, S.G., Ough, K. and Banks, J.C.G. 1996. How old are Wet Forest understories? Australian Journal of Ecology 21(3): 345-348.

Citation Weston, P. & Cameron, D. 2020. Persoonia arborea. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T118152388A122769131. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020- 3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en

Disclaimer To make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use.

External Resources For Supplementary Material, and for Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see the Red List website.

Habitats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Major Season Suitability Habitat Importance? 1. Forest -> 1.4. Forest - Temperate Resident Suitable Yes

1. Forest -> 1.6. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Resident Suitable Yes

Plant Growth Forms (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Plant Growth Form TS. Tree - small

SL. Shrub - large

Threats (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Threat Timing Scope Severity Impact Score 5. Biological resource use -> 5.3. Logging & wood Ongoing Whole (>90%) Rapid declines High impact: 8 harvesting -> 5.3.4. Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation 2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortality 7. Natural system modifications -> 7.1. Fire & fire Ongoing Whole (>90%) Rapid declines High impact: 8 suppression -> 7.1.1. Increase in fire frequency/intensity Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation 2. Species Stresses -> 2.3. Indirect species effects 8. Invasive and other problematic species, genes & Ongoing Whole (>90%) Unknown Unknown diseases -> 8.1. Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases -> 8.1.1. Unspecified species Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation 2. Species Stresses -> 2.3. Indirect species effects

Conservation Actions in Place (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Conservation Action in Place In-place land/water protection

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Persoonia arborea – published in 2020. 5 https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en Conservation Action in Place Occurs in at least one protected area: Yes

Conservation Actions Needed (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Conservation Action Needed 2. Land/water management -> 2.2. Invasive/problematic species control

2. Land/water management -> 2.3. Habitat & natural process restoration

Research Needed (http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)

Research Needed 1. Research -> 1.5. Threats

3. Monitoring -> 3.1. Population trends

3. Monitoring -> 3.4. Habitat trends

Additional Data Fields

Distribution Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) (km²): 520

Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown

Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) (km²): 2360

Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown

Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown

Lower elevation limit (m): 450

Upper elevation limit (m): 1,200

Population Continuing decline of mature individuals: Yes

Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown

Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No

All individuals in one subpopulation: No

Habitats and Ecology Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Persoonia arborea – published in 2020. 6 https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en Habitats and Ecology Generation Length (years): 100

© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Persoonia arborea – published in 2020. 7 https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T118152388A122769131.en The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2020: T118152388A122769131 Scope(s): Global Language: English

The IUCN Red List Partnership

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership.

The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona State University; BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™