ISOLDE newsletter Spring 2015 http://isolde.web.cern.ch/

optical model and DWBA using FRESCO for Introduction several basic cases and using TWOFNR code for transfer (d,p) reactions. To learn The year 2014 was characterized by the more about the courses given in 2013 and consolidation and realisation of many 2014 one can visit, pending tasks. The year started with the http://isolde.web.cern.ch/isolde-schools- technical team working hard and counting and-courses . down the weeks until the startup. Physicists The shut down period was taken advantage followed the progress in tuning up the of by upgrading some setups, such as machine and heard with dismay about the ISOLTRAP, and building new ones. Firstly stumbling blocks encountered, mainly the ISOLDE beta Decay Studies, IDS, problems with the controls, and at the same permanently equipped with three clover time, they greeted the advances with HPGe detectors and a Miniball detector was excitement as they were eager to start. installed. Depending on the physics case In parallel the construction of building 508 IDS can incorporate Si detectors for beta- continued. The new building has more delayed charged particle studies, or space for the physicists, their laboratories LaBr3(Ce) scintillators for half-life and DAQ rooms and hosts the ISOLDE measurements of excited states. Secondly control room in a spacious and well the previous UHV ASPIC beam line was fully ventilated room outside the controlled area, redesigned to host up to three possible a long standing request from the Beams experiments including ASPIC. The first part Department. The large control room is of the new VITO (Versatile Ion-polarized ready to accomodate the future TSR Technique on-line) line was mounted and controls. The delay in finishing the building, the first experiment with Cu-beams took expected for May 2014, soon became clear. place in December. The permanent setups most hurt by the In spite of the bumpy start and the amount delays were COLLAPS and the solid state of technical issues discovered on line, laboratories. The solid state groups leading to multiple updates of the schedule, arranged their setups in building 275 while the capability of the physicists to adapt to COLLAPS installed part of their lasers in the the circumstances and the professionalism ISOLDE hall to be able to complete at least of the technical team made the year 2014 a one experiment. successful one for physics as witnessed by The course entitled “ISOLDE Nuclear the contributions included below in this Reactions and Nuclear Structure” took place ISOLDE Newsletter. the 22-25 of April 2014 with maximum The very first experimental run, carried out st attendance. The course addressed the on the 1 of August, was greeted with a fantastic atmosphere and a real buzz in the different nuclear structure and reaction 149 155 information that can be obtained by air. Samples of lanthanides Tb and Tb were collected and shipped to PSI, reaction studies done at the energies 140 relevant for HIE-ISOLDE. W. Catford, A. Di Switzerland and Nd to DTU Risø, Pietro and A. Moro gave the lectures and, to Denmark. The aim was to identify chemical complete the picture, B. Jonson gave a elements with suitable isotopes for seminar on the physics that can be done diagnosis and therapy. Among the travelling with reactions at intermediate energies. experiments we also welcomed new devices Practical exercises were led by A. Moro in such as the TATRA tape transport system the afternoon including calculations of an designed by our Slovak colleagues and

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dedicated to the study of neutron deficient the co-habitation of the HIE-ISOLDE works odd Hg isotopes. A large array of neutron and the low energy physics experiments the detectors came from CIEMAT (Spain) and hall was divided into two parts with LPC-Caen (France) and it was dedicated to different access and safety conditions. The the measurement of the delayed neutron - interest in the facility continued growing neutron correlation emitted in the 11Li beta worldwide. More countries showed interest decay. in becoming members of the collaboration The complementarity between different and many new physics groups are attracted devices and their state of the art capabilities by its potential. The project HIE-ISOLDE allowed for the determination of the ground was presented at several nuclear state properties of a long series of At conferences and in front of the NuPECC isotopes with production rates and half-lives Expert Committee in the meeting of October expanding over a range of 8 orders of 2014. We are all looking forward to the start magnitude. This successful experiment with post-accelerated beams in 2015. showed ISOLDE strengths and combined CERN recognised in 2013 the unique the synergies of three devices: the RILIS scientific opportunity offered by installing lasers, the Windmill setup equipped with the TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility. Since silicon and germanium detectors, and the then several groups have manifested their ISOLTRAP Multi-Reflection Time-of-Flight commitment to develop instrumentation for mass spectrometer. the TSR and different working groups were The ENSAR EU Project was prolonged until created after the one-day workshop held the end of December 2014. The remaining the 14th of February 2014 with 60 ENSAR funds for transnational access were participants distributed between young researchers, (http://indico.cern.ch/event/271980/). In students and newcomers. In numbers, the particular, the UK teams joined forces to total transnational access funds obtained make an application to the STFC to provide from ENSAR sponsored 2481 days of 418 instrumentation for the TSR which was users belonging to 90 projects. ENSAR2 was successful. To support the UK grant, CERN submitted in September and is presently on has committed to the construction of the the reserve list waiting for approval. These third beamline for HIE-ISOLDE including the funds are very important as they reach the U-turn to place an external spectrometer in full community and allow many young the ISOLDE hall. The TSR working groups researchers to participate in the are preparing the two-day workshop that experiments and have a first contact with will take place at CERN 27-28 of April. the facility. We hope for the projects The annual ISOLDE workshop and users approval. meeting was held the 15-17th of December HIE-ISOLDE progressed well during 2014, 2014 with a Golden Jubilee session on the cavities showed good performance and December 17th precisely 50 years after the the clean room for the assembling of the approval of ISOLDE by the CERN Council in cryomodule in SM18 was built. The hall 1964. The session was opened by Torleif extension was receiving more and more Ericsson, the chair of Nuclear Physics experimental elements and busy with Experiments committee at that moment different infrastructure installations. The (equivalent to the Scientific Policy tunnel was given its final length to host the Committee of today) who recommended the future linac. All procurements for HIE- ISOLDE project to the council. He recreated ISOLDE phase I were launched. To facilitate the circumstances in which the “Study of

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short-lived radioactivities by means of an glasses, are available in the cabinet by the isotope separator on-line with the CERN ISOLDE stairs. Quiet, equipped rooms Synchro-Cyclotron” was approved. He behind ISOLDE are available for electrical emphasized the role-played by V. Weisskopf and similar work (see – Laboratories). in establishing the laboratory’s vision that You can only perform the work for which “CERN should be open to other fields than you are trained and authorized, i.e. for LN2 Particle Physics”. In particular he proposed manipulations or work with lasers you to re-establish the links with Nuclear Physics should follow the relevant CERN class (Initiative taken in the 1963 Conference on courses or at least get a proper briefing High Energy Physics and Nuclear structure). from your local contact who followed the Afterwards we had presentations by all the course. For performing electrical work former group leaders: B. Jonson, J-H-J (making cables, putting up HV cages) – you Kluge, H. Haas, P. Van Duppen, G. Bollen, J need a 3-day CERN course (all local Äystö, P. Butler, K. Riisager and Y. physicists have followed it). All users who Blumenfeld, who presented the do not perform strictly electrical work have breakthroughs and highlights of the facility to follow a new 2-h electrical awareness during their leadership. The presentations course, see Courses and access to ISOLDE. were recorded and they can be seen via If you want to use the new mechanical http://indico.cern.ch/event/334117. The workshop, you will have to provide a session was closed by the DG, R. Heuer, document to be signed by your teamleader, who gave the four prizes sponsored by yourself, and our workshop supervisor, CAEN to the best posters and best young authorising you to use the selected speakers, a new tradition to be added to machines in the workshop. For more our annual ISOLDE meeting. The next information please contact your experiment edition will take place the 2-4th December spokesperson or me. 2015. We have also updated the list of safety The year 2015 is a very challenging one, contacts for fixed and travelling with the startup of HIE-ISOLDE. While experiments: writing these words the first experimental http://isolde.web.cern.ch/safety beamline is being assembled ready to host In case of an accident (electric shock, LN2 experiments. We are ready for the start of burn, fall, etc.) please do not ignore it, but the new adventure. call the CERN fire fighters who will advise you how to proceed. They might also Maria J.G. Borge recommend going to the medical centre (next to ISOLDE). You are also obliged to Information for Users: complete an online incident report: https://edh.cern.ch/Document/General/Acci Safety dent2. Please inform me asap, so that I can As elsewhere at CERN safety has been a help when the safety team investigates the very important issue at ISOLDE in recent incident. months. In this spirit, I would like to remind you that when at ISOLDE you should ensure Laboratories and local help your own safety and that of others. We From 2015 we have at our disposal the new have taken many steps to help you. building behind ISOLDE (b508) and the A range of personal protective equipment rearranged b275 (behind CERN fire for different manipulations, e.g. gloves and brigade).

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On the ground floor of b508, within the Courses and access to ISOLDE CERN RP controlled area, you are welcome The rules for accessing ISOLDE changed to use: the “detector” laboratory for when we got the first protons after the long detector tests, the new machine workshop shutdown in July 2014. ISOLDE changed (see Safety part for access rules), or the from RP supervised to RP simple controlled chemical laboratory for chemical area and only CERN permanent dosimeters manipulations. Electrical work should be are accepted to enter the facility. At this carried out in the electrical workshop in point, the present standard RP course was b275. replaced by ISOLDE-tailored online and 2-h st On the 1 floor, outside the ISOLDE RP hands-on courses. In addition, in order to controlled area you will find: the kitchen, get a dosimeter a document signed by the meeting room, small DAQ rooms for run institute (and not a doctor) is required. preparations, and the main DAQ room To work at ISOLDE, you also have to follow meant for the data acquisition while taking courses on electrical awareness: online, and online data. We highly encourage all groups from April 14th 2015 a 2-h course hands-on to use the DAQ rooms, which have signal course which takes place just before the connection with the control room and the ISOLDE RP course. For details, see hall. You can work there while waiting for http://isolde.web.cern.ch/get-access-isolde- the RP course needed for ISOLDE access. facility In b275, outside the ISOLDE RP controlled Access to ISOLDE and to the ground floor of area, we have a large electrical workshop b508 takes place from the Jura side, via a (with many useful components), a detector tourniquet activated with your dosimeter. lab, some space for short-term storage, and Until the end of HIE-ISOLDE works there a large air-conditioned laboratory for offline will be no access for physicists to the tests. ISOLDE hall extension. Moving of Please contact me if you have questions equipment through that part of the hall can concerning access and use of these labs. be done only by local physicists, it should The local physics team can also help you be coordinated with Erwin Siesling, and it with many aspects of ISOLDE experiments, will require safety shoes and helmet. For e.g. turbo and pre pumps, RP sources, the low-energy area a memorandum exists chemicals, etc. which, waives the requirement for the above safety equipment, unless you Registering as CERN user perform work for which it is required (e.g. To avoid rush and stress once at CERN, we using the crane). encourage everybody to use the electronic preregistration. For this purpose contact Shipping equipment your teamleader who can launch the Make sure that you inform your contact procedure for you. person of the delivery and you put their The experiment Spokesperson should also name as the recipient. Info on the shipping check who will participate in the experiment company and foreseen delivery time is also and whether the institute is linked to welcome. Keep the CERN “delivery paper”, ISOLDE (which can be verified via because you’ll need it when shipping Greybook). If it is not, please contact Jenny equipment back home. at the ISOLDE User Support Office and Because of a lot of equipment moved in and enquire how to add the institute. Otherwise out of ISOLDE every day (mainly due to the person will not be able to register. HIE-ISOLDE work) please make sure that

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your equipment doesn’t stay in the ISOLDE HIE-ISOLDE Status SAS for long. The following status report aims to provide CERN Hostel booking an overview of the HIE-ISOLDE This year we succeeded again in booking 20 infrastructure modifications, progress on the rooms for the whole running period. The high beta Quarter Wave Resonant (QWR) booking requests should be grouped by the cavities and cryomodule production as well spokespersons and communicated to Jenny. as the installation of the HEBT lines. Please use this group booking only when The installation of the cryogenic station you couldn’t book a room in the regular started in the first quarter of 2014. The LHe way. liquefier has been re-furbished by LINDE and installed in building 199. The Publications compression station, which is installed in building 198, has been repaired and is Please note that ISOLDE should be currently being commissioned. The mentioned in the abstract of articles related cryogenic transfer line, which links the cold to experiments performed at the facility and box and the different interconnecting that, if possible, the ISOLDE team should be (“jumper”) boxes feeding from the top, the mentioned in the aknowledgements. six cryomodules of the new SC linac, is now Experiments that have benefitted from installed. The entire cryogenic system is to ENSAR funding at ISOLDE should also be commissioned by the end of April 2015. mention this in the aknowledgements of any articles they publish.

Other practical info Other recent practical information (alternative accommodation options, accident insurance, free bike and car rental, etc) can be found on our website.

Magdalena Kowalska

Fig.1: Compressor station (top left); ex-ALEPH cold box in place (top right); Cryo Cold Line & Jumper Boxes installed in bldg.170 (bottom).

The new high-energy beam transfer line (HEBT), that will bring the beam into the existing extension of the ISOLDE experimental hall, is being installed. The XT00 beam line located inside the Linac

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tunnel has already been commissioned. Twelve series SC high-beta cavities have Installation of the XT01 beam line is in been produced so far (2 at CERN and 10 at progress. Research Instruments). Cavity, QS6, was rejected, but we still have enough for equipping cryomodules 1 and 2.

Fig.2: XT00 line installed and commissioned (top left); details of the installation of the XT01 beam line (top right & bottom).

Fig.5: RF Test results (first four series). The HEBT will be extended during a second stage of the installation foreseen during The level of performance reached so far is 2017/18 to accommodate a third sufficient to start the assembly of the series experimental station and/or to allow for the cavities in CM1, but work will continue in connection to a storage ring (TSR) [1]. order to secure more margins and cover Elements of the HIE-ISOLDE SC Linac are possible performance losses from the currently being assembled at the SM18 vertical tests to the Linac operation for the facility. remaining cavities.

Fig.3: Elements of the high-beta cryomodule procured in industry (left & centre) and produced at CERN central workshop (right).

Fig.6:HIE-ISOLDE Superconducting Solenoid#1 being installaed (left); Final assembly of the first four series cavities (right).

The newly upgraded post-accelerator should be made available by July 2015 in order to provide energies up to 4.3 MeV/u for A/q = 4.5 with only 1 cryomodule. This will be Fig.4: Cryomodule Assembly area equipped followed by the installation of a second with specific toolings (CERN-SM18). cryomodule during the 2015-2016

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Christmas shutdown in order to provide The linac commissioning is foreseen for July energies up to 5.5 MeV/u for A/q = 4.5. 2015 and the first physics should take place Following the 2nd HIE-ISOLDE Cost and early this Fall at 4.3 MeV per nucleon. Schedule Review held on 27-28th October 2014, and considering the firm commitment for funding Phase 1 and Phase 2 by the ISOLDE collaboration, it has been recommended to proceed with the full procurement of the remaining two High- Beta cryomodules. The installation of two additional high-β cryomodules (CM3 and CM4) is needed by 2017 in order to reach nominal beam energies of 10 MeV/u for Fig.9: HIE-ISOLDE 2015 schedule. A/q = 4.5 and provide substantial beam time to ISOLDE physicists before LS2. This brief report summarizes the work of In parallel, a lot of effort is being put into several teams: The ISOLDE Collaboration, preparing the room temperature linac for the HIE-ISOLDE Project team, and the commissioning of the SC Linac. numerous groups at CERN within the

accelerator and technology sector. We acknowledge funding from the Swedish Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2005-0121) and from the Belgian Big Science program of the FWO (Research Foundation Flanders) and the Research Fig.7:REX room temperature linac after Council K.U. Leuven. refurbishment. We would like to particularly acknowledge

the tremendous achievements made by our The hardware commissioning of the XT00 young Researchers within the CATHI Marie beam line inside the linac tunnel went th Curie Initial Training Network: EU-FP7- rather smoothly and by March 12 2015 all PEOPLE-2010-ITN Project number 264330 14 circuits were fully tested and released for which came to an end last October 2014. operation.

[1] M. Grieser. et al. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 207, 1-117 (2012).

Y. Kadi (for the HIE-ISOLDE Project Team)

Fig.8: IR pictures taken from the 13 hours heat run of the quadrupole and steerer magnets in XT00 line.

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Target and Ion Source intensity of approximately 3x107 ions/µC at Developments (TISD) 760°C was measured, a factor 3 above the best previous yields obtained for oxide targets. As reported here, after a long LS 1 11 shutdown, the TISD activities could restart C beams were also investigated due to in 2014 with online tests prepared by their relevance in medical imaging as a PET extensive offline developments. For 2015 imaging probe or in hadron therapy the new team in charge will be composed of replacing stable ions, for solid state physics applications and for astrophysical studies Tania Mendonca, Melanie Delonca, Joao 8 11 Pedro Ramos, WonJoo Hwang, Jochen [3]. Values as high as 6.6x10 CO/µC have Ballof, Basil Goncalves and Yisel Martinez. been measured again in 2014, validating Some of our previous members moved on the results of 2012 and the applicability of to other duties; Christoph Seiffert such target materials as an innovative successfully defended his PhD at method to produce radiotracers for nuclear TUDarmstadt with Prof. T. Kroell, and imaging and/or treatment. Alexander Gottberg started at ISAC, Within the LIEBE (Liquid eutectic lead- TRIUMF as target physicist. bismuth target loop for EURISOL) project, Following the promising results obtained in activities related to the design and offline 2012, a second molten NaF:LiF salt tests of the lead bismuth (LBE) target loop prototype target was built and tested in continued during 2014. Following the first order to validate the record yields of 11C results reported in the previous Newsletter (8x108 11CO/µC [1]) and to systematically in 2014, a systematic study of the shower study the diffusion coefficient of Ne in this formation under vacuum with LBE at 200°C material. Primary focus was therefore given was carried out and promising results were to the release of 18,19Ne as a function of the obtained proving the shower feasibility for salt temperature up to 760°C. Preliminary 0.1 mm diameter grid holes and smallest analysis validates the previous diffusion spacing between holes of 0.5 mm. constant from 2012 of 6.7x10-3 mm2/s [2]. The size of droplets was found to be varying with diameters from 0.3 to 0.5 mm in the so-called jetting regime at the start of the shower and from 1 to 1.2 in the case of dripping at the end of the shower. The analysis of the data showed good agreement between theory and experiment [4]. As an important parameter to speed up the release of the radioisotopes, the size of the droplets can be adjusted by controlling the outlet velocity, and smaller droplets can be obtained for velocities higher than 0.62 m/s in the jetting regime. Fig. 2 shows the 19 Fig.1: Ne yield as a function of the target dripping (top left) and jetting (top right) material temperature for different proton beam regimes observed during the shower intensities. The data points highlighted in green formation tests. This work is part of the have been taken during the 2012 beam time. PhD thesis of Melanie Delonca who has Furthermore, complementary data for 19Ne joined the team as a fellow this year. was obtained (Fig. 1) and an improved

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provide 1.2x106 37K/µC to the IS527 experiment throughout one week of beam time without any signs of degradation. It is, therefore, also important to refer here to 31Ar and 35Ar beams that were extracted from a nanostructured CaO target operated at room temperature. The results on both TiC and CaO nanomaterials are the subject of the PhD thesis of João Pedro Ramos.

Fig.2: Top:Droplet formation regimes: (left) Fig.3: 30Na yield as a function of the operation dripping: droplet velocity from 0 to 0.62 m/s time for the nanostructured UC2 and the and diameter 1.2 mm; (right) jetting: droplet conventional UC2 material used at ISOLDE. The velocity higher then 0.62 m/s and diameter 0.4 ISOLDE database value is included in the plot mm. Bottom: Best young scientist presentation for comparison. prize given to M. Delonca at the ISOLDE workshop. Within the ENSAR-FP7 joint research activity ACTILAB, a novel nanostructured UCx target The ISOLDE nanostructured target materials material has been designed, synthesized portfolio has been extended with titanium and tested at ISOLDE. Despite several carbide (TiC) and lanthanum carbide (LaC2), technical difficulties, a first prototype using which have successfully been tested as this material was tested in 2012 and target for the first time at ISOLDE. Eight promising results were already obtained,