9856 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ROSTENKOWSKI URGES YOUNG ing how many hard-working career politi­ It nearly ended a government bias toward PEOPLE TO GET INVOLVED IN cians there are whose accomplishments defy certain types of businesses. POLITICS summary. They were just there, helping get There were some highs in the process. I the job done. went on television in response to the Presi­ And while there are always those who will dent and asked people to "Write Rosty" for HON. BENJAMIN L CARDIN carp at Congressional salaries, the fact is tax reform. Getting more than 70-thousand OF MARYLAND that anyone who is smart enough to do well letters does wonders for your ego. Especially IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in Congress can make a lot more money in if you don't have to answer them personally. Thursday, May 2, 1991 the private sector. In addition, you get to be There were some low moments. Like the a punching bag for members of the press who time the members of my own committee-a Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, we serve in the believe you have an obligation to entertain group which I am alleged to have total con­ Congress at a time when politics as a profes­ them. trol over-rejected my suggestion that we sion, never high in the public's regard, is The payoff is often subtle-it is a belief, a lower the boom on banks and decided instead viewed with greater than usual public cyni­ sense that you are helping create a better to give them a more liberal tax break than cism. Not surprisingly, confidence in Govern­ nation for your fellow citizens. A belief that they already had. ment's ability to address the many serious government can solve people's problems. And And there were the totally outrageous mo­ a hope that those solutions will be a little ments, like when the Time Magazine photog­ problems facing our country is at a low ebb. rapher got to me early in the morning after I would like to bring to the attention of my bit better because you were there. Somebody once said that all that's ncessary for evil to about three hours of sleep and me to jump colleagues a recent speech by the chairman triumph is for good men to do nothing. like a cheerleader with the capitol in the of the Ways and Means Committee. The That's one reason I'm in politics. I want to background to symbolize our victory. I speech was prepared for delivery to the Latin do something. And I hope what I'm doing is didn't jump. And didn't make the cover of School in Chicago, and its theme was the im­ right. Time either. portance of politics and government in Amer­ Nearly four months ago I faced one of the When it was all over, I was tired and toughest votes in my congressional career happy. I felt I had helped lead the nation for­ ican life. ward. Of course, legislation is a bit like a The chairman advances his belief that when I voted to give the President the power to go to war in the Persian Gulf. Had I sand castle. People have been nibbling away "however imperfect it is, the political system is at the tax code ever since in an effort to re­ the only mechanism we have to deal with known then what we know now, that would have been an easy decision. But we didn't instate their special privileges. And some many of our community problems * * * and know then. have succeeded, despite my best efforts. that government can solve people's prob­ Everyone agreed that Saddam Hussein was One of the biggest failures of tax reform lems." a bad actor who should be resisted or even was that it didn't raise additional revenues It's a message of optimism, determination, removed. But the strategy for achieving that to reduce our federal budget deficit. If working to enact tax reform was the and faith in the American system. I commend goal was less than obvious. best of times, service in Congress generally the speech to my colleagues: I'm not an expert on foreign policy. While during the Reagan years was the worst of SPEECH BY HON. DAN RoSTENKOWSKI I had a chance to visit Saudi Arabia last fall, times. Here we had a President-the man I welcome this opportunity to be with you I am not a student of the region. I don't who symbolizes our government-telling the today and return a favor. Back when I was in speak Arabic or understand the politics of American people that the government was school, assembly was one of my favorite sub­ the region, if indeed they can be understood. their enemy. Is jects. If they had awarded a letter for assem­ Syria America's friend or enemy? What There were years of wandering in the wil­ blies, I would have won one. Frankly, I don't about Iran? derness, trying to come up with a strategy remember exactly what happened at any of The President was telling me about atroc­ that would make the President-and the the assemblies. But I do know that they ities committed by Saddam's army. He was American people face reality. In 1982, when forced us to skip our normal classes, a sac­ deeply offended and I was too. On the other you were just beginning your schooling, we rifice I always made graciously, perhaps hand, my colleagues were arguing for con­ had the worst depression this country has even entusiastically. tinuing sanctions that could conceivably ul­ seen during my adult lifetime. No one So I appear before you today repaying a timately strangle the Iraqi economy. seemed to care. debt to the people who spoke at assemblies I voted for war, deciding to spend billions There were two very disturbing trends oc­ back in the olden days when I went to of dollars that could be very well spent on curring simultaneously. The first was that school. social problems here in this country. I was the rich were getting richer while the poor Let me state my theme clearly at the fully aware that my vote could result in sunk more deeply into poverty. The second start. I believe that politics is an important bloodshed. Americans. Chicagoans. Friends was that the rich came to believe they had and exciting line of work. I won't be doing it from my own Congressional district could be no obligation to help the less fortunate forever. So I'd suggest that some of you who killed in combat as a result of my vote. members of our society. are wondering about career choices think It wasn't an easy decision. But there are For years, we collected statistics and I about politics. To steal a slogan, your gov­ few decisions more important to our society made speeches about the polarization of our ernment needs a few good men and women. than whether to go to war. And I was proud society. There was no visible response until, There are worse things you could do. Some to be one of those who had an opportunity to as the Reagan years came to a close, people of them are even legal. So I'm here on a re­ make that decision. began to get the message. cruiting mission. Last year I promoted the so-called Rosten­ Now we at least say we're concerned about That probably strikes some of you as a bit kowski Challenge, a budget proposal de­ the plight of the poor, although we seldom odd. After all, politics is the Rodney signed to convince the President that there manage to bestir ourselves to actually do Dangerfield of professions. Politicians get no was no way to solve our budget problems un­ anything about it. Translating that commit­ respect. They're viewed as crooked or stupid less we embraced tax increases. ment into meaningfµl action will be a big or both. And some are, if the truth be told. Six years ago I invested more hours than I job. The working conditions are less than ideal. can count in creating a new income tax sys­ My purpose here is not to entertain you You have obligations in two cities. The work tem for America. Despite the usual with stories on the lifestyle of the allegedly is seasonal. There are months when very lit­ overpromising that leaves Americans so cyn­ powerful. Rather it is to suggest that deci­ tle is accomplished. And then there are ical, that bill made some major positive sions made by politicians have an impact on weeks when you work round the clock. steps. every one of you. And the best way to assure You are part of a system where com­ It removed more than six million poor tax.:. that stupid decisions aren't made is to make promise is a way of life. There are so many payers from the tax system completely. It them yourself by running for elected office. participants that most legislators can only simplified or eliminated many complex is­ The second best way is to be an active voter have influence at the margins. It is surpris- sues that had frustrated taxpayers for years. who demands a role in the process.

•This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9857 The message is the same regardless of what single issue are an impediment to the politi­ His leadership has been tireless. He has level of government is involved. If Mayor cal process. served the AJC . as its national treasurer, Daley's efforts to build a third major airport Once I get started, I could go on for hours Westchester County chapter president, chair in Chicago succeed, the entire area will pros­ about what's wrong with our political sys­ per. tem. It certainly has its share of flaws, but of the Jewish Communal Affairs Commission, If Dick Phelan succeeds in rebuilding Cook that's not my point today. of the advisory board of the William Petschek County Hospital as an institution where the However imperfect it is, the political sys­ National Jewish Family Center, of the Family quality of care reflects the heroic efforts tem is the only mechanism we have to deal Policy Task Force, and the South Africa Task made by the staff there, we will all live in a with many of our community problems; If we Force. Currently, he serves as a member of more humane community. become cynical and reject the political proc­ the board of governors and board of trustees, All of these decisions are important. None ess because we consider it dirty, we assign of the administrative board on American Jew­ ourselves to the sidelines of community life. of them are made by one person alone, but ish-Israeli relations, and of the executive com­ one person can make a real difference. Some say Chicago is the second city. When I don't know what they're teaching you in it comes to politics, though, our city is mittee of the National Polish American-Jewish American history here and whether that les­ clearly number one. It is our only all-weath­ American Council. son would support my view. There are some er sport. If Chicago truly is the city that In addition to his efforts for the AJC, Bob is historians who believe that the story of our works-and I believe it is, relatively speak­ the president of the Foundation for Christian past is a tale of trends that are too sweeping ing-then we must acknowledge that it is Rescuers of the Anti-Defamation League of to be significantly influenced by any one in­ only as good as its political system. B'nai B'rith. He is a trustee of the Jewish Mu­ dividual. That system is not a perpetual motion ma­ chine. Invest your interest, perhaps even a seum, chairman of the board of trustees of the If George Washington hadn't been avail­ American Academy of Dramatic Arts, a direc­ able to become father of our country, some­ part of your life in politics. It will pay ample one else equally good would have been found. dividends to us all. tor of the International Center for Peace in the If Abraham Lincoln hadn't freed the slaves, Middle East, and a trustee of MAZON, a Jew­ someone else would have done it eventually. ish Response to Hunger. That's what they say. TRIBUTE TO ROY AND FRED No description of Bob Goodkind would be While there are historical trends that only JASWELL complete without taking note of his commit­ a fool would dare to buck, I strongly disagree ment to the community in which he lives, and with that perspective on history. Without HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY to making a difference at the local level. He Lyndon Johnson, there would have been no OF RHODE ISLAND served for a decade on the board of trustees war on poverty. Perhaps there wouldn't have been a war in Vietnam either. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the YMHA-YWHA's of greater New York, Ideally the political system is what holds Thursday, May 2, 1991 and for 15 years on the board of Community Synagogue of Rye. In addition, he has been a our community together. It adjudicates dif­ Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today ferences between groups and searches for pri­ cochairman of the Rye JUA-Federation Cam­ orities that are shared by all. to congratulate Roy and Fred Jaswell, of paign twice, and has consistently been an ac­ Most of you come from fairly comfortable Jaswell Drill Corp. from Greenville, A.I., for tive participant in Rye's Israel Bond effort. families. A few miles from here there is a being selected as the Rhode Island Small In addition to his extensive community serv­ Business Persons of the Year by the Small community so different than your environ­ ice, Bob Goodkind always finds time for his ment that it could be on another planet. In Business Administration. As Rhode Island win­ very special family. With his wife, Barbara, he a recent book, reporter Alex Kotlowitz de­ ners, the Jaswell's have been invited to Wash­ has three wonderful children, Elisa, John, and · scribes the life at Henry Horner homes. It is ington, DC, for special ceremonies saluting the Peter. He is devoted to them and their support called There Are No Children Here and tells Nation's 20 million small businesses. the sad tale of kids who are more concerned Jaswell Drill Corp. was founded in 1927 by has been instrumental to his unceasing ability with staying alive than getting into college. Roy Jaswell, Sr. They began with drilling oper­ to serve others in a multitude of ways. Yet they are from Chicago just as you are. His family and friends, the American Jewish Despite your differences, there is a need for ations exclusively in Rhode Island. However, today they are accessing markets worldwide. Committee, and all of the other worthwhile or­ mechanisms that allow you and them to re­ ganizations that benefit from the affectionate, alize that you come from the same commu­ Jaswell Drill's foreign sales amount to 65 per­ nity. cent of the companie's business. These mar­ generous, and distinguished service of Bob That is the basis of the Chicago political kets are primarily in Korea, however, they are Goodkind are indeed fortunate. They, and all organization that I grew up in. There was a beginning to expand into other areas such as of us, are truly lucky to have this wonderful sense that everyone was represented. If you Chile, Mexico, and the Soviet Union. Because man, with all of his energy and talent, dedicat­ lost today, you could win tomorrow. It was of the companies global business philosophy, ing himself to making the world a better place. an inclusive rather than exclusive group. It I'm sure that all of my colleagues join me in took a while for the Irish to share power they aim to further expand in the global mar­ ketplace. offering our warmest congratulations on this with the Poles in Chicago, and a bit longer well deserved honor. before blacks were included, but the impor­ Jaswell Drill began and remains a family-ori­ tant thing to remember is not the wait, but ented business. Roy and Fred Jaswell are that these groups were ultimately included shining examples of Rhode Island's small BONNET HOUSE: A STERLING EX­ in the power structure. business persons. I wish them and Jaswell AMPLE OF THE HISTORIC PRES­ Unfortunately, that sort of politics doesn't Drill the best of luck in all their future endeav­ ERVATION FUND IN ACTION translate to the national level very well. In ors. fact, it doesn't work here the way it used to. You can criticize the old organization all HON. E. CLAY SHAW, JR. you want-and lord knows, it had plenty of E. ROBERT GOODKIND: A OF FLORIDA warts-but it was ultimately an organization that allowed us to avoid the interest group DISTINGUISHED LEADER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES politics that now nearly paralyze govern­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 ment at all levels. HON. NITA M. LOWEY Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in sup­ The decline of our political parties and the OF NEW YORK port of an increase in funding for the historic rise of narrow interest groups is one of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES greatest problems now faced by government. preservation fund [HPF], a program which Note that I said narrow, rather than special Thursday, May 2, 1991 benefits all Americans by preserving our Na­ interests. I think narrow interests are often Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, tcr tion's cultural heritage. This issue is currently legitimate. The term special interests night the American Jewish Committee will being debated by the House Interior Apprcr sounds corrupt, but that's not the problem. honor E. Robert Goodkind with their National priations Subcommittee, and I urge the sub­ The real problem is an inability to view Distinguished Leadership Award. There is no committee to fully fund this worthy program. things broadly and compromise. The citizen action groups that promise disruption if doubt that Bob Goodkind's leadership has In Florida, due to a concerned State govern­ their priority isn't put at the top of the list made a significant contribution to more people ment and the activism of many Floridians, the are perverting the process. The poll tical ac­ than we will ever know. For 30 years, he has State has taken the lead in restoring and reha­ tion groups that try to defeat a Member of provided the Jewish community with truly bilitating many of Florida's historic sites. An Congress because he or she voted wrong on a thoughtful and dedicated service. adequately funded HPF could make the dif-

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 resident Bush included a Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to likeness develops, evident among all nationali­ $35.8 million request in his budget for fiscal honor a group of residents from my hometown ties, with the variety of expression which is year 1992. I am glad the President recognizes of Simi Valley, CA, as they launch an ambi­ proper to each. the importance of historic preservation, but I tious salute to our Armed Forces. Recognition must go out to Mrs. Tensy urge this subcommittee to do even more, if the The Freedom Tree Organization hopes to Gimenez, president of the Delegacion de Anti­ budget permits. plant or dedicate 500,000 trees-10,000 in guas Alumnas del Sagrado Corazon de Cuba, each State-as permanent markers dedicated for keeping those important ties alive and well. to past, present, and future members of the The Sacred Heart Schools produce women CHRISTOPHER GARRETT RECEIVES Armed Forces. Each tree would have a plaque which become valuable assets to the commu­ EAGLE SCOUT commemorating it as a freedom tree. nity. The group, led by Mary C. Mccurdy, will for­ HON. CRAIG T. JAMF.S mally begin its efforts on May 11 with the dedication of the first 50 trees at a park in CONGRESSMAN KILDEE PAYS OF FLORIDA Simi Valley, and hopes to soon expand to TRIBUTE TO NURSES OF FLINT IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other areas. Among those areas is Kuwait, OSTEOPATHIC HOSPITAL Thursday, May 2, 1991 where group members ti.ope to soon plant 50 HON. DALE E. KILDEE Mr. JAMES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ask trees. OF MICHIGAN my colleagues to join me in congratulating a Mr. Speaker, these volunteers have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fine young man from San Mateo, FL. launched an ambitious plan, but one that with Christopher Garrett recently joined an elite public and corporate support can become a Thursday, May 2, 1991 group of individuals when he earned the Eagle reality-freedom trees standing proud, con­ Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Scout, the highest and most prestigious honor stant reminders of the men and women who pay tribute to the dedicated nursing profes­ in the Boy Scouts of America. Christopher is have fought for freedon for more than 200 sionals of Flint Osteophathic Hospital in my a member of Troop 223 in San Mateo. years. hometown of Flint, Ml. Christopher joined the Scouts in September I ask my colleagues to join me in saluting The nurses of Flint Osteopathic Hospital 1982. During the past 9 years, one thing the Freedom Tree Organization as it begins its never forget that the most important part of stands clear: Christopher is a doer and a lead­ work, and in wishing its members success in nursing is the patient. They are responsible for er. reaching their goal. the patient's care from the initial assessment May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9859 to developing the care plan to planning the UNITED COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS it is today. Long from now, this courthouse will discharge. They are committed to treating the OF AMERICA stand as a symbol for future generations to patient and the patient's family with compas­ look back to and share in the pride and com­ sion. Nurses strengthen communication be­ HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS mitment their ancestors displayed for their tween the patient and the physician. They OF PENNSYLVANIA community. treat every patient with dignity, oftentimes in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the midst of overwhelming, heartbreaking cri­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 GORHAM IDGH SCHOOL WINS NEW ses. As a group, the nurses of Flint Osteo­ HAMPSIDRE BICENTENNIAL COM­ pathic Hospital evaluate and care for every Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to the United Commercial Travelers PETITION patient with ethical integrity. of America for their outstanding charitable ef­ These nurses never forget that they practice forts that project their caring and giving herit­ their profession within a larger community. HON. DICK swm age. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE They understand that nursing extends far be­ United Commercial Travelers of America IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES yond the bedside. They have accepted the has a laudable Ten Star Outreach Program, Thursday, May 2, 1991 awesome responsibility of providing care to that includes being proud sponsors of local, the physically and emotionally traumatized grand, and International Special Olympics. In Mr. SWETI. Mr. Speaker, I take great pride with compassion and commitment. Their dedi­ fact, UCT of America contributed a quarter of in announcing that Gorham High School, lo­ cation has immeasurably enriched the Flint a million dollars to the 1987 International Spe­ cated in Gorham, NH, is the New Hampshire area. cial Olympics. State winner of the We the People * * * Na­ Nurses are valuable and essential part of UCT is involved in scholarship programs, tional Bicentennial Competition on the Con­ the health-care provider community. They junior golf competitions, drug-free awareness stitution and the Bill of Rights. meet the challenge of working in a sophisti­ programs, cancer projects, safety programs, The national bicentennial competition is an cated medical environment every day. In an and stresses the family as the most important outstanding education program developed by atmosphere of fast changing ideas and proce­ resource in our society for happiness and the Center for Civic Education, and cospon­ dures, nurses have consistently remained at peace. sored by the Commission on the Bicentennial the center of quality patient care. I want to salute the Pennsylvania chapter of of the U.S. Constitution. This advanced pro­ gram provides high school students with a Mr. Speaker, as we celebrate National United Commercial Travelers of America, and course of instruction on the development of Nurse Week, I would like to take this oppor­ I am very glad that they are able to host our Constitution and the basic principles of a tunity to thank these dedicated professionals UCT's 88th Annual Grand Session in Williams­ port, PA, from May 8 through 11. constitutional democracy. In both the instruc­ for the work they do. Their commitment is an tional and the competitive segments of the inspiration to everyone who serves the public The supreme counselor of UCT of America, Peter Sworin, should also be commended for program, students work together to strengthen and they deserve our gratitude. making UCT's theme this year "Reach for a their understanding of the American constitu­ Star," in keeping with President Bush's Thou­ tional system. sand Points of Light Program. I would like to commend Ray Neeland, who TRIBUTE TO ALAYNA E. I ask my colleagues to join me in paying is responsible for implementing and super­ PAQUETTE tribute to United Commercial Travelers of vising the national bicentennial competition in America for all their efforts in helping to make my district. Also deserving of recognition is the our world a better place to live. State coordinator, Carter Hart, Jr., who is re­ HON. RONAID K. MACHILEY sponsible for the administration of the program at the State level. OF RHODE ISLAND TRIBUTE FOR THE REDEDICATION I especially want to congratulate the teach­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE SIDAWASSEE COUNTY er, Mike Brosnan, who did an outstanding job COURTHOUSE of working with these students to prepare Thursday, May 2, 1991 them for this competition. Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ HON. DAVE CAMP The names of the outstanding winning class tinct pleasure to congratulate Alayna E. OF MICHIGAN from Gorham High School are: Kristen Boucher, Jennifer Burill, Marcia Paquette, of Portsmouth, RI, this year's recipi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chamberlin, Patrick Cloutier, Emily Danforth, ent of the Congressman Ronald K. Machtley Thursday, May 2, 1991 Sean Gilligan, Adam Henne, Nathan Lavertue, Academic and Leadership Excellence Award Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in Jacqueline Metz, Daniel Pake, Kyle Parent, for Portsmouth High School, in Portsmouth, honor of the rededication of the Shiawassee Christine Partenope, Christie Rainville, Angie RI. County Courthouse in Corunna, Ml. The peo­ Reichert, Lynda Renes, Brien Riff, Jennifer This award is presented to the student cho­ ple of the Shiawassee County community are Terew, Catherine Toth, and Pamela Wintturi. sen by Portsmouth High School who dem­ to be commended for their time, effort, and This class from Gorham just completed a onstrates a mature blend of academic perseverance in making this dream become a national competition held here in Washington, achievement, community involvement, and reality. DC. They displayed a strong understanding of leadership qualities. The courthouse, first dedicated on May 4, our Government and its foundation and per­ Alayna Paquette has certainly filled this cri­ 1904, has been restored to its original condi­ formed admirably against difficult competition. teria. She is graduating with a grade point av­ tion at the time of its construction 87 years As I spoke with these students on the Capitol erage of 3.8, which is especially impressive on ago. However, the elements of time began to steps on May 1, 1991, I found them to be ex­ account of her rigorous course load. She also take their toll on this monumental structure tremely knowledgeable and impressive. was a member of the Spanish, Rhode Island, and a few years ago, the Shiawassee County Mr. Speaker, the instructional materials de­ and National Honor Societies. She participated Courthouse Preservation Committee was veloped by the Center for Civic Education on the track team and was the team captain formed. Its members, the Honorable Gerald which prepare students for the competition are of the soccer team. In addition, Alayna has Lostracco, George Hoddy, Kaye Seward, Barb being used throughout our Nation. While the been director of the Rhode Island Students Clatterbaugh, and Arnold Dunchock, have competitive part of the program advances the Protecting Our Environment. toiled many hours on this project. They are winning teams at various levels, the benefits I commend Alayna Paquette for her out­ joined by many in the community who have of this excellent educational project are ex­ standing achievements and wish her all the contributed their time and money to make this tended to every student who participates. In best in her future endeavors. project happen. this respect all the students are winners, be­ Mr. Speaker, it is with a great sense of pride cause they gain valuable civic and intellectual that I am able to recognize all these men and skills enabling them to make informed and women who have made this courthouse what reasoned political decisions in today's society. 9860 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 APPOINTMENT OF LARRY J. restoring this historic theater, which subse­ scholarships to graduates of the Mount Ver­ WILKER, CHIEF OPERATING OF­ quently became the Delaware Center for the non school system and send five local children FICER, JOHN F. KENNEDY CEN­ Performing Arts. to summer camp for 2 weeks. In addition, they TER FOR THE PERFORMING From 1977 to 1980, Mr. Wilker served as provide Thanksgiving baskets for senior citi­ ARTS vice president of the Eugene O'Neill Memorial zens and host a seniors Christmas party at Theater Foundation, which supported a variety the Doles Center in Mount Vernon. Last year, HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR of performing arts institutions and projects over 200 people attended that festive event. OF OHIO throughout the United States. At the awards luncheon on Saturday, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Prior to joining the Playhouse Square Foun­ guest speaker will be a man who has seen Thursday, May 2, 1991 dation, he spent 2 years with the Shubert Or­ close up the good work that the Key Women ganization as director of properties, respon­ do. Andrew Jones is a product of the Mount Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, it is my distinct sible for all facilities, which included 23 thea­ Vernon public school system. Now he is its honor and privilege to announce to my col­ ters and extensive commercial real estate high school principal. He knows the impor­ leagues the appointment of Mr. Larry J. Wilker holdings in six cities across the United States. tance of commitment to the community, the as chief operating officer of the John F. Ken­ Mr. Speaker, let me conclude by saying we kind of commitment that both he and the Key nedy Center for the Peforming Arts. Presently, all wish Mr. Larry Wilker success, and the best Women bring to bear in making their city a Mr. Wilker serves as president and chief oper­ of luck in his future endeavors at the John F. better place to grow up in. ating officer of Playhouse Square Foundation Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. Another man who has done a great deal for in my district, Cleveland, OH. He will assume Mount Vernon youth will be present on Satur­ his new position on July 1, 1991. day. Edward Williams is retired now, but for Even though the Cleveland arts and busi­ TRIBUTE TO DAVID WILLIAM years he was a stalwart of the Mount Vernon ness community will be losing a valued and DAME school system, teaching its children both in trusted friend, the Kennedy Center, our na­ the classroom and out. This weekend he will tional cultural center, will be gaining an individ­ HON. RONALD K. MAClffLEY receive the Key Women's Humanitarian ual ready to create, nurture, and present the OF RHODE ISLAND Award. Receiving the Community Service best in performing arts. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Award will be two members of the Key With an undergraduate degree in econom­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 Women: Margaret Gant and Araminta Miller. ics, a master's degree in acting and directing, Without their tireless efforts, none of the won­ and a Ph.D. with a major in theater and an Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ derful programs that the Key Women provide emphasis on theater administration, Larry tinct pleasure to congratulate David William could happen. The city of Mount Vernon is in­ joined the Playhouse Square Foundation in Dame, of Pawtucket RI, this year's recipient of deed fortunate to count these women among 1982. In this capacity, he was responsible for the Congressman Ronald K. Machtley Aca­ its citizens. the largest theater restoration project in the demic and Leadership Excellence Award for Perhaps the most fortunate award recipients world. Mr. Wilker was instrumental in helping Charles E. Shea Senior High School, in Paw­ on Saturday are the two Mount Vernon High to raise $40 million to finance this construction tucket, RI. School graduates who are receiving the Key and renovation. Due in large part to Mr. This award is presented to the student cho­ Women's annual scholarships. Cleveland Wilker's selfless determination to see this sen by Shea High School who demonstrates a Pearce and Nicole Grant have earned their project succeed, the performing arts experi­ mature blend of academic achievement, com­ scholarships through hard work and dedica­ enced a renaissance in the Cleveland commu­ munity involvement, and leadership qualities. tion, and deserve every bit of praise that can nity. Oavid William Dame has certainly met these be given them. The same is true of Karen Managed by Larry Wilker, Playhouse criteria. He has consistently performed well Baker, a Mount Vernon student who is receiv­ Square Foundation owns and operates three academically, including first place in the Na­ ing the Louise Richardson Award, given by the theaters with a seating capacity of more than tional Mathematics League in geometry. He Key Women in memory of the mother of one 7 ,000 seats and 750,000 annual patrons. The has also participated all 4 years on the bas­ of their members. theaters host and/or produce more than 500 ketball team and the baseball team, which he Mr. Speaker, community service is one of performances annually, covering music, opera, captained his senior year. In addition, David the highest values of our society. The Key ballet, and theater. The foundation has had has been an Evening Times Honor Carrier Women of Mount Vernon, and all of the peo­ great success with its musical incubator pro­ and participated in In-Site Rhode Island. ple that they are honoring, know that well. For gram, which develops and produces new I commend David William Dame for his out­ that, they deserve our sincere and lasting ap­ American musical theater works and the re­ standing achievements and wish him all the preciation. vival of lesser known works. In fact, two of best in his future endeavors. them, "The Secret Garden" and "Song of Singapore" are currently in major production in PRESS SALUTED BY NEARBY New York. The annual operating budget for A TRIBUTE TO THE KEY WOMEN FRATERNAL CONGRESS the theater is $10 billion of which 87 percent OF MOUNT VERNON is derived from box office, shops, parking, and concessions. HON. NITA M. LOWEY HON. HELEN DEUCH BENTI.EY Additionally, Mr. Wilker has been respon­ OF NEW YORK OF MARYLAND sible for implementing the vision for the Play­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES house Square Foundation, which was devel­ oped by civic and business leaders in Cleve­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 Thursday, May 2, 1991 land. Mr. Speaker, it is obvious that Mr. Wilker Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, the Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Saturday, is an outstanding professional in the perform­ Key Women of Mount Vernon, part of a na­ May 18, 1991, at the Sheraton Inn in Hagers­ ing arts field. tionwide network of women concerned about town, MD, the Maryland-District of Columbia Larry Wilker spent the first years of his ca­ children and senior citizens, are holding their Fraternal Congress will be holding its 84th an­ reer at the University of Delaware in various annual scholarship and awards luncheon this nual session. capacities, including that of assistant profes­ Saturday. I would like to take this opportunity The Maryland-District of Columbia Fraternal sor. During his tenure there, he managed and to congratulate this marvelous organization Congress is composed of over 30 fraternal so­ directed a touring company for children and and the individuals who they are recognizing. cieties which have a long and distinguished was also responsible for organizing and man­ The Key Women provide a number of ex­ record of charitable and benevolent works. aging a statewide festival of theater, dance, emplary services that have been very impor­ Over the years, more than one-third of the and music. . tant to the Mount Vernon community. Under presidents of the Maryland-District of Colum­ From 1971 through 1977, he was executive the leadership of Blanche Woodley, their cur­ bia Fraternal Congress have been women so director of the Grand Opera House in Wilming­ rent president, they continue a long history of in one sense, the congress is inconsistent in ton, DE. He was instrumental in saving and service. Every year, they give two $1,000 using the term "fraternal"-but what's in a May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9861 name when it comes to helping others and Protestive Association of America, Ukrainian 1991 Economic Report of the President rec­ avoiding sexual biases in selecting officers? National Association, Inc. United Transpor­ ommends that "steps should be taken to en­ Throughout the years, the congress has tation Union Insurance Association, William sure that access to the high-voltage trans­ sponsored programs designed to upgrade Penn Association, Woodmen of the World, mission networks in not controlled in a manner family living standards, prevent the spread of and the Workmen's Benefit Fund of the U.S.A. that restricts competition." diseases, aid victims of disaster, help the indi­ Mr. Speaker, my fellow colleagues, I request But, unfortunately, neither the Federal En­ gent, and to assure good practices in regulat­ that you join me in congratulating the Mary­ ergy Regulatory Commission [FERC] nor any ing the insurance industry in Maryland and the land-District of Columbia Fraternal Congress other Federal agency has authority to require District of Columbia. on the occasion of its 84th session, and in utilities to provide fair access to the compa­ This year, under the leadership of Paul commending their loyalties and contributions nies' transmission systems. FERC has made Fenchak, a director of the congress and a life­ to America and to their prticular communities some modest progress recently to encourage long scholar of cultural groups in America, the as they deliberate and plan for the future utilities to provide greater access to their congress is sponsoring an innovative program, under the leadership of President William Har­ transmission systems. But FERC can only do "Salute to the Ethnic Press." As fraternal as­ ris of the Aid Association for Lutherans. so when a utility comes to FERC asking for sociations are among the leading publishers of something else that requires Federal ap­ ethnic newspapers, journals, and books, the proval-such as a merger or permisison for congress is drawing upon two long-time ethnic THE ELECTRIC POWER FAIR special market-based rates. publishers: The First Catholic Slovak Union of ACCESS ACT OF 1991 The Electric Power Fair Access Act of 1991 the United States and Canada and the Ukrain­ takes a two-tiered approach to clarify FERC's ian National Association, Inc. HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY authority and codify the recent FERC deci­ The Slovak Jednota (Union), a weekly OF MASSACHUSETTS sions in this area. First, this bill will give FERC newspaper in both Slovak and English, is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the authority to order transmission, on a case­ celebrating 100 years of publication during by-case basis. Second, the bill will establish a 1991 while the Ukrainian language daily Thursday, May 2, 1991 new standard: If a utility chooses to sell power Svoboda (Liberty) has appeared for 94 years Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased at market-based rates that are above its own and is complemented by the Ukrainian Weekly to- day to introduce, along with Representa­ regular rates, or, if a utility voluntarily enters in English. tives MOORHEAD, BOUCHER, STUDDS, and DAN­ into certain mergers or acquisitions, then that Dr. Edward Tuleya, curator/archivist of the NEMEYER, the Electric Power Fair Access Act utility must provide transmission services to all Slovak Museum and Archives in Middletown, of 1991. This important legislation will help qualified applicants, on a nondiscriminatory PA, and emeritus professor of history at promote competition in the $170 billion-a-year basis. In all cases, the owners of the trans­ Millersville University of Pennsylvania will de­ electric power industry, providing enormous mission facilities will be fully compensated for scribe this fraternal's publishing endeavors potential benefits for consumers nationwide. the use of their lines. while Ukrainian activities will be reiated by Eu­ In the past decade competition has grown In issuing transmission orders under this gene lwanciw, supreme adviser and director of tremendously in the generation of electricity, legislation, FERC must be certain not to impair the Washington office of the Ukrainian Na­ already providing lower rates for consumers. system reliability or to economically disadvan­ tional Association, Inc. Both fraternals will be But, despite this heightened competition in the tage the transmitting utility's customers. Fur­ recognized for their various publications and generation sector, in the electric industry mo­ thermore, the bill authorizes FERC to require the congress plans to recognize two more eth­ nopolistic power is maintained through the the enlargement of transmission facilities, sub­ nic presses next year. control of transmission lines. Transmission is ject to environmental approvals, and encour­ Many of the 900-plus ethnic newspapers the highway-the rail line-the pipeline of ages FERC, the Department of Energy, and and journals in the United States are spon­ electric flows and of competitive opportunities. the States to conduct interstate transmission sored by fraternal groups and serve as a kind But transmission lines have too often re­ planning. of nervous system of the world in writing and mained in monopoly hands, with utilities often It is important to note that this bill will allow disseminating ethnic analyses. The ethnic using the lines in an anticompetitive manner. for transmission for wholesale transactions press in often ahead of the general press in The Electric Power Fair Access Act of 1991 only-it will not allow retail wheeling. Unlike explaining world affairs.· will improve the competitiveness of our electric wholesale transmission activities, the wheeling In promoting expanded cultural, religious, utility system by providing for more equitable of electric power directly for retail customers and historical awarness among its members access to transmission lines and transmission can lead to undue uncertainty in the planning the congress concurrently helps to preserve services by electric utilities, independent for generation facilities and in some cases to values central to the development and power producers, and others. As the Nation stranded utility investments. strength of our Nation. Over the years, the fol­ continues to reduce dependence on imported It is also important to note what the bill is lowing groups have been affiliated with the oil, renewable energy resources such as wind, not. This bill is not an open access bill, that maryland-district of Columbia Fraternal Con­ solar, geothermai, biomass, and hydropower, would require all utility companies to transmit gress: Aid Association for Lutherans, Artisans which are available only at fixed sites, need to power for all comers. Additionally, this bill Order of Mutual Protection, Ben Hur Life As­ be encouraged through better access to mar­ does not call for the joint ownership of trans­ sociation, Catholic Family Life Insurance, kets. In order to economically exploit these re­ mission lines, but only for greater contractual Catholic Knights of St. George, Catholic Order sources, as well as other independently devel­ access to utility lines. Instead of major of Foresters, Croatian Fraternal Union of oped powerplants, their developers must have changes in the regulation of utility companies, America, CSA Fraternal Life, First Catholic access to transmission facilities to more the this bill builds on recent FERC decisions and Slovak Union of the United States and Can­ power to utilities that most need additional activities in the electric utility industry to pro­ ada, Greater Beneficial Union of Pittsburgh, sources of power. mote evolutionary progress for the industry as Greek Catholic Union of the U.S.A. Hungarian The current situation has led many partici­ a whole. Reformed Federation of America, Independent pants and observers in the electric industry to I would also like to point out that this bill Order of Foresters, Knights of Columbus, Life conclude that the transmission system needs amends only the Federal Power Act. As such Insurance Society of America, Loyal Christian reform. President Bush's national energy strat­ it does not address issues associated with the Benefit Association, Lutheran Brotherhood, egy states that "although competition is devel­ administration's proposal to rewrite the Public Modern Woodmen of America, Mutual Bene­ oping in electricity generation, electricity trans­ Utility Holding Company Act [PUHCA]. During ficial Association of Rail Transportation Em­ mission remains a monopoly service." The the consideration of any legislation to reform ployees, National Fraternal Society for the NES also states that "greater access to trans­ PUHCA, the issue of transmission access will Deaf, North American Benefit Association, mission facilities also would increase competi­ be at the forefront, and transmission policy will North American Union Life Assurance Society, tion in wholesale markets and ensure that the be addressed again in that setting. Polish Beneficial Association, Polish Roman Nation's industries, shops, and residences Consumers nationwide-from homeowner to Catholic Union, Polish Women's Alliance of have access to electricity at the lowest rea­ the largest industrial firms-will benefit from America, Royal Arcanum, Royal Neighbors of sonable cost." Moreover, the "Annual Report the Electric Power Fair Access Act of 1991. I Amereica, Sons of Norway, Travelers of the Council of Economic Advisors," in the encourage other Members of the House to 9862 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 joint us in cosponsoring this important legisla­ ers. It will also provide additional suppiy op­ the original Flint mayor's advisory committee tion. tions for wholesale buyers. A vigorously com­ which established the Flint Human Relations ELECTRIC POWER FAIR ACCESS ACT OF 1991 petitive wholesale market will force utilities to Commission. Ms. Butler helped establish and (Amendments to the Federal Power Act) compete more strenuously not only to retain was elected first chairperson of the open oc­ 1. Short Title (Sec. 1) and Findings (Sec. 2). their current wholesale customers but also to cupancy committee whose work made Flint 2. FERC Authority to Order Interconnec­ expand their sales to other wholesale buyers. the first city in the United States to pass a fair tions or Transmission on a Case-by-Case Over time, regional wholesale power prices housing law by popular vote. She was founder Basis (Sec. 3-4). will be driven down by this competition. and first chairperson of the National Black Amends Sections 210 and 211 of the Federal Additionally, increased transmission access Women's Political Leadership Caucus of the Power Act to clairfy FERC's authority with will encourage construction of the best com­ State of Michigan. respect to interconnections and transmission services, establishing the following author­ bination of new generating units. Access will Ailene Butler was also the first African­ ity: enhance competition in bidding solicitations for American Girl Scout leader and helped to inte­ FERC can order transmission and provide new generating capacity, because a utility grate the Flint Young Womens Christian Asso­ for compensation, on a case-by-case basis, seeking additional capacity will not be limited ciation Summer Camp. She was the first for wholesale transactions only, in cases to prospective suppliers located in its service woman elected as vice president and board meeting certain specified standards. In exer­ territory. Potential suppliers will be able to lo­ member of the Flint chapter of the National cising this authority, FERC may order the cate power plants at the overall best locations Association for the Advancement of Colored filing of general transmission tariffs and/or may order the enlargement of transmission in a large region, rather than just the local util­ People and assisted in the creation of the capacity. ity's service area. More open transmission NAACP Credit Union as well as serving as the 3. Voluntary Provision of Transmission Ac­ service will also enable independent power first loan officer. cess by Utilities (Sec. 5). producers to sell to several utility buyers. By Ms. Butler was also affiliated with many This section establishes the following doing so, IPP's can build larger plants and public service-oriented organizations such as standard: take advantage of economies of scale, thereby the Flint Branch of Child and Family Services IF a utility (or its affiliate) chooses to sell lowering the cost per kilowatt of new capacity. of Michigan, Genesee County Funeral Direc­ power on a non-cost-of-service basis, of, IF a tor's Association as well as many, many other utility enters certain mergers or acquisi­ fine organizations. There is no question that tions: CONGRESSMAN KILDEE HONORS THEN that utility shall file a general tariff Ailene Butler has been one of the most inspi­ providing rates, terms and conditions for MS. AILENE BUTLER rational leaders of the Flint community. She transmission services for wholesale trans­ has left an indelible imprint on the citizens of actions (meeting the standards described in HON. DALE E. KILDEE this community. #4 below). OF MICHIGAN Mr. Speaker, it is indeed an honor and a Participating in this section is up to each IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pleasure to ·rise before my colleagues in this utility company; this provision provides Thursday, May 2, 1991 august house to pay tribute to a pioneer, FERC no authority to mandate transmission Ailene Butler. Ailene Butler has served as an access nor to rquire that this section is used. Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today be­ inspiration to me and to other elected officials 4. Standards for Transmission Tariffs and fore my colleagues in the U.S. House of Rep­ Orders (Sec. 5). in Michigan. She is truly unique and is deserv­ Any general transmission order (#2) or resentatives to pay tribute to an outstanding ing of all the tributes that may come her way. transmission tariff (#3) shall meet the fol­ individual in my hometown of Flint, Ml, Ms. I pay tribute to her and wish her continued lowing standards: Ailene Butler. success. a. Transmission access only when it does Ailene Butler was born in Americus, GA, not impair system reliability, does not im­ and moved to Flint as a child. She is a grad­ pair adequate service to customers, and does uate of Flint Northern High School, Sienna A GREAT LEADER not economically disadvantage ratepayers of Heights College, and obtained a degree in the host utility. mortuary science from Wayne State Univer­ HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR b. Transmission rates shall be based upon sity. As Flint's first female funeral director, she the cost of providing the transmission serv­ OF OHIO ices. was also the first female to own and operate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES c. Retail wheeling may not be ordered her own funeral home. She has been awarded under this bill. the Annual Business Award from the Flint Thursday, May 2, 1991 5. Additional Provisions. Club of the National Association of Negro Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, it is my honor a. Filing of an access to information about Business Professional Women as the out­ and pleasure to stand before the House today transmission capacity. (Sec 6). standing Business Woman of the Year. She to honor a man who truly embodies service to b. Encouragement of inter-state trans­ has also received the Women of Wayne the great State of Ohio: Speaker Vern Riffe. mission planning. (Sec. 7). Headliner Award and the Zeta Phi Beta Soror­ Since he was first elected to be the State ity Woman of the Year Award. She has re­ Representative of Ohio's 89th House District H.R. 2224---ELECTRIC POWER FAIR ceived recognition from the Governor of the in 1958, Mr. Riffe's career }las been distin­ ACCESS ACT OF 1991 State of Michigan, the common council of the guished by achievements that have genuinely city of Detroit, the Michigan Department of benefited all Ohioans. In January of this year, HON.CARLOSJ.MOORHEAD Education, Mott Community College, the Inter­ Mr. Riffe took office for his 17th consecutive 2- OF CALIFORNIA nal Institute, the Genesee Area Skill Center as year term; a record in my home State of Ohio. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES well as a special tribute from the Michigan Indeed, Mr. Riffe holds the record for serving House of Representatives. as speaker of the Ohio House of Representa­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 Ailene Butler has been a pioneer for the Af­ tives longer than any other speaker in Ohio's Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I am rican-American community in Flint, Ml. She history. I am proud to commend Speaker Riffe pleased to cosponsor the Electric Power Fair was the first, and only, African-American fe­ and to celebrate his ninth term as speaker this Access Act. This bill clarifies and assures the male elected to the Flint City Council. Elected year. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's ju­ to office in November 1973, Ailene was chair­ Vern Riffe often cites his father, Vernal risdiction over transmission, an important step person of the social programs committee. Riffe, Sr., as his role model in both politics for Congress to take in ensuring that competi­ Through her tireless efforts on this committee and life. For more than 20 years, Vernal Riffe, tion in the electricity industry advances effi­ she was able to obtain assistance for day care Sr., served his community of New Boston, OH, ciently and fairly. centers, the Opportunities Industrialization as mayor. It was during these years that Ver­ Increased transmission access for whole­ Center, and the Urban League On-The-Job nal, Jr. learned the true value of serving and sale electricity sellers and buyers will enhance Training Program among others. She was on working with his fellow man. It is evident that competition in several ways. It will facilitate ef­ the forefront of leading the effort to combat this training in public life has helped make ficient use of existing power plants by provid­ drugs and crime, long before the current ef­ Speaker Riffe the distinguished man he is ing larger markets for low/cost power suppli- forts were undertaken. She was appointed to today. May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9863 In the Ohio House of Representatives, Vern is unmatched in the Ohio House, and his pres­ Creation of an integrated scientific research Riffe has brought an untiring work ethic and ence continues to pay dividends for all citizens program that will support the study of the sense of fairness to the speaker's chair. As of Ohio. As we honor Vern Riffe's career and Earth's climate system, hydrologic cycle, and chairman of the rules committee, he has dem­ contributions to our great State of Ohio, I look biogeochemical cycles, requiring observations onstrated uncommon leadership in advancing forward to his continuing excellent public serv­ of the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, key legislation which has helped literally mil­ ice to our great State and to the Nation. snow and ice masses, and solid Earth; lions of Ohioans. Speaker Riffe has a proven Acquisitions and assembly of a global data track record of operating closely with all State base of established quality and reliability, representatives and officials in Ohio, regard­ TRIBUTE TO JENNIFER WALKER mainly from remote sensing measurements, less of party affiliation. His extraordinary ability over a 15-year period to support the research to work with his colleagues earned him a cita­ HON. RONALD K. MACHfLEY tion by Republican Gov. James Rhodes, in OF RHODE ISLAND program; 1980, as "One of the leaders who gets things IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Development of a comprehensive data and done in Ohio." As the leader of the Ohio State Thursday, May 2, 1991 information system to serve the needs of sci­ House's majority party, Speaker Riffe has entists from a variety of disciplines studying Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ toiled selflessly for all Democrats throughout planet Earth; and tinct pleasure to congratulate Jennifer Walker, the State. On the national level, he is pres­ Improvements of our predictive models of of Pawtucket, RI, this year's recipient of the ently serving as a member of the Democratic the Earth system that involve interaction of Congressman Ronald K. Machtley Academic National Committee. Democrats in Ohio and system componets-such as air-sea coupling and Leadership Excellence Award for Bishop across the Nation-myself included-look to or biological effects on climate-a longer-term Keough Regional High School, in Pawtucket, Speaker Riffe for his expertise and guidance RI. goal only attainable if the other objectives are on the critical issues facing our State and This award is presented to the student, cho­ successfully achieved. country. sen by Biship Keough High School, who dem­ The U.S. Global Change Research Program The number of accolades that have been onstrates a mature blend of academic will not succeed unless there is a working and deservedly accorded Speaker Riffe over his achievement, community involvement, and vital EOS at its core. The global measure­ distinguished career are almost too numerous leadership qualities. ments of the Earth that can only be provided to mention. Fittingly, the groups who have Jennifer Walker has more than fulfilled this by satellite observations are absolutely essen­ chosen to honor him are as varied and diverse criteria. She is a National Honor Student and tial to understanding the Earth's environment as Ohio itself. He has been named Legislator and predicting its future course. Without the of the Year by the Disabled American Veter­ a member of the Rhode Island Honor Society. She also participated 3 years on the tennis continuous, distributed measurements and the ans, Ohio Sportsmen, State Press Corps, team and 4 years on the softball team. In ad­ Ohio Association of Local School Superintend­ coordinated scientific interpretation of those dition, Jennifer is her school's yearbook editor ents, and Community Mental Health and Re­ measurements that EOS is designed to give, and her classmates elected her junior class tardation Association, just to name a few. the U.S. commitment to global-change re­ president. Other groups which have honored Speaker search, including components such as hydrol­ Riffe for his commitment to Ohio include the I commend Jennifer Walker for her out­ ogy and biogeochemistry that are of particular standing achievements and wish her all the AFL-CIO, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Pros­ importance to the arid western United States, best in her future endeavors. ecuting Attorneys Association, Public Rela­ will be sorely lacking. tions Society, National Conference of State Global-change research in the United Legislatures, Jewish National Fund, Ohio THE EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM States, Europe, and Japan addresses critical Farm Bureau, and literally scores of others. AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO GLOB­ questions on the interconnected processes of He has received honorary degrees from distin­ AL CHANGE RESEARCH PRO­ the Earth systems, rather than simply focusing guished educational institutions in Ohio such GRAM on the issue of whether or not global warming as Ohio University, the Ohio State University, is occurring. For example, in the western Unit­ Rio Grande College, University of Akron, Kent HON. JOHN J. RHODFS ed States where our water resources facilities State University, Miami University, Central m OF ARIZONA have been designed based on historical, sta­ State University, University of Cincinnati, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tionary climatic conditions. At this point, we Shawnee State University. The list could truly lack a sufficient understandir:ig of how the rel­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 go on and on. evant hydrologic and biogeochemical proc­ At home, Vern Riffe and his loving wife Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, The complex is­ esses work, severely limiting our ability to Thelma have been married for 43 years. They sues of global change will not disappear over­ evaluate future modifications to our infrastruc­ are blessed with four outstanding children­ night or even in the lifetime of the current gen­ ture and management practices. EOS will pro­ Cathy, Verna Kay, Mary Beth, and Skip (Ver­ eration of scientists. Among these are a dimin­ vide us information needed to do solid, phys­ nal 111)-and seven grandchildren. A lifelong ishing supply of water of adequate quality, a ically based assessments that are global and resident of Scioto County, Speaker Riffe is still greenhouse effect caused by increasing con­ regional as well as local in scale. active in his local community. In New Boston, centrations of atmospheric trace gases, reduc­ The Mission to Planet Earth, with EOS at its tion in the stratosphere's ozone concentration, OH, he acts as president of the Riffe and Ben­ core, and other agencies' global-change re­ nett Insurance Agency. He is a member of the and feedbacks in the biosphere that perhaps search programs are not undertaken to satisfy Portsmouth Area Chamber of Commerce, reduce its ability to help cleanse the atmos­ our intellectual curiosities; rather, they are co­ Kiwanis Club, American Legion, Veterans of phere of trace gases. hesive elements designed to enable informed, Foreign Wars, Shriners, and other vital com­ Policy measures are required today, so that reasoned decisionmaking regarding the future munity organizations. we may adapt to or mitigate environmental On May 16, 1991, ceremonies will be held changes at extensive regional and global of our global environment and our lives in it. in Columbus, OH, to dedicate a bust of Vern scales. These require improving our under­ We must make every effort to ensure that Riffe. Speaker Riffe is one of those rare peo­ standing of the dynamics of the Earth system. NASA's EOS Program remains a vital element ple in public service who are true living leg­ NASA's Earth observing system [EOS] will ad­ of our Nation's global-change research. ends. While the bust of Speaker Riffe will vance the Global Change Research Program Mr. Speaker, in summary, I urge Members stand as a syn"t>ol of his accomplishments through the study of global-scale problems of this body as well as those on the Com­ and his deserved place in Ohio's history, it is and . global environmental change in an inte­ merce, Science, and Transportation Commit­ only prologue. For Speaker Riffe and all Ohio­ grated, interdisciplinary approach covering the tee in the other body to carefully examine the ans, the Mure holds promises of even greater atmosphere, oceans, snow and ice masses, importance of NASA's EOS Program in light of achievements. terrestrial vegetation, smaller water bodies, its role in our national global-change research. I am pleased to be able to stand before this and the solid Earth. EOS supports investiga­ The result of such an evaluation will inevitably House and mark the occasion of this dedica­ tions of the Earth system with four distinct lead to a recognition of EOS's importance to tion. Speaker Riffe's judgment and experience mission objectives: the Global Change Research Program. 9864 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 THE RETIREMENT OF CHESTER addition, with an understanding of the recent With Dr. Penney's guidance, 32 students CASE 1990 census, we see that Hispanic-Americans took the different art forms of dance, tradi­ in the United States, now numbering 25 mil­ tional folk music, and visual arts, and used HON. GEORGE Mill.ER lion,. are an increasingly powerful voice in our them to develop an expressive dance piece OF CALIFORNIA Nation. As this population continues to grow, based on the Aztec-Inca culture. The students IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fertile ground for a new generation of Amer­ designed costumes and stage props reflecting ican literature is created. These authors add to Thursday, May 2, 1991 the motif of animal totems. the canon of American literature by merging Using A&E's programming as a catalyst, the Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, at Latin American themes-diverse in thought, students expanded their knowledge of history, the conclusion of the 1991 _academic year Los culture, ideas and religion-with North Amer­ developed new choreography skills, and expe­ Medanos Community College in Antioch, CA, ican settings. rienced a keener understanding and apprecia­ will say goocl:>ye to its president, Chester Mr. Speaker, during the past 25 years, the tion of the Aztec-Inca culture. "Chef' Harold Case after 6 years of strong popularity of many Latin American writers, Dr. Penney's innovative teaching methods, leadership and dedication to the school and such as Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Mario student body. I would like to take this time to Vargas Llosa, and Carlos Fuentes has been and commitment to excellence deserve to be share with you the remarkable accomplish­ firmly established in the United States. Major recognized by the U.S. Congress. She is the ments of Mr. Case during his 37-year career publishers successfully offer the works of such kind of teacher that every parent wants teach­ in education. authors to the general public. However, unlike ing their children. After receiving his general secondary cre­ their Latin American counterparts, Hispanic dential from the University of California, Berke­ writers in the United States have not achieved ley, in 1954, Mr. Case undertook his first posi­ such success outside their own communities. IN HONOR OF ELIZABETH tion at Sacramento High School in Sac­ For example, how many of us are aware ROSSELL ramento, CA, teaching history, government, that Oscar Hijuelos, a Cuban-American, won and English. Realizing a desire to achieve ex­ the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for fiction for his work cellence in teaching and to further his edu­ "The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love?" This HON. DALE E. KILDEE cation and studies to higher degrees, Mr. truly is an accomplishment worthy of congres­ Case obtained both his masters in history and sional recognition. Mr. Speaker, this resolution OF MICHIGAN doctorate in higher education from the Univer­ serves to recognize all the Hispanic authors of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sity of California, Berkeley. Meanwhile, Mr. the United States who have so eloquently cre­ Case continued to teach history and social ated a vision of the American way of life Thursday, May 2, 1991 sciences, from 1956-{)2 at Los Lomas High through words. Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to School in Walnut Creek, CA, and 1963-69 at Having just celebrated National Library take this opportunity to honor an outstanding Chabot Community College in Hayward, CA, Week it is appropriate to emphasize the im­ constituent of the Seventh Congressional Dis­ and devoted 4 years to director and supervisor portance of the written word and the strength trict, Elizabeth Rossell of Flushing, Ml, who positions in community college education at of its power on our society. The written word will be recognized next week by the Inter­ University of California, Berkeley, before join­ is powerful because of its evolution over time national Institute of Flint in my hometown. ing the staff at Los Medanos College. through a host of mediums such as the thea­ In 1973, Mr. Case began what would evolve ter, literature, and even closer to home, the On Tuesday, May 7, the institute will be into two decades of commitment and contribu­ press. Literature is used not only to educate conferring on Elizabeth Rossell the Golden tion to Los Medanos College. During his time our youth but also to reach out to our neigh­ Door Award. This coveted award honors a for­ with the college, and as its president, Mr. bors to express thought and understanding eign-born citizen who has made a significant Case demonstrated innovative ideas for the and to speak out for our rights. The fore­ contribution to bettering the life for others student community. Mr. Case was always in fathers of this great democracy eloquently and through educational, cultural and community the forefront of promoting a healthy and well­ forcefully affirmed, through the first amend­ work designed to assimilate those of different rounded evnrionment by encouraging faculty ment, the significance of not only that which is racial and cultural backgrounds into the demo­ and student involvement in campus and com­ spoken, but that which is written as well. cratic life enjoyed by American-born citizens. munity affairs. Mr. Speaker, I think it important that this Mr. Speaker, I can think of no one who is Mr. Speaker, on May 10, 1991, the faculty Congress encourage the broadening of all ho­ more deserving of this award. Elizabeth and students of Los Medanos College will join rizons of this great Nation and its multicultural Rossell has initiated a number of innovative with Mr. Case's family and friends to pay trib­ citizens by recognizing and lauding the His­ programs in my community that have helped ute to the many achievements that dominate panic writers of the United States and their ev­ the International Institute to help others. She his career. Mr. Case will be missed by his erlasting contribution to our society. has volunteered untold hours, days, and years staff and students as he is so much a part of to the institute and has served in numerous of­ the college. I know that they join me and my ficial capacities with it, including president of colleagues in the House of Representatives in A TRIBUTE TO DR. PHYLLIS A. PENNEY the board of directors. wishing him well in his retirement. As a teacher, she also has been a strong, influential proponent of education as a con­ HON. CRAIG T. JAMES tinuing commitment not only for our youth but AMERICAN HISPANIC LITERATURE OF FLORIDA for adults. MONTH IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Elizabeth Rossell was born in Italy. Today, HON.JOsEE.SERRANO Thursday, May 2, 1991 she resides with her husband Ralph and chil­ OF NEW YORK Mr. JAMES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to dren Lisa and Nicholas in Flushing. She has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES congratulate Dr. Phyllis A. Penney for being been and continues to be a tremendous inspi­ selected to receive a 1991 Cable in the Class­ ration to many, and a credit to the Inter­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 room Educator Award. Dr. Penney is a teach­ national Institute and its work. Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to er at the Douglas Anderson School of the Arts Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure to honor some­ introduce a joint resolution to designate the in Jacksonville, FL. one who has done so much to improve the month of May 1992 as "American Hispanic Lit­ Dr. Penney is receiving this award because quality of life for the residents of the 7th Dis­ erature Month" in celebration of the Hispanic of her efforts to bring life to yesterday's world trict. Elizabeth Rossell has upheld the highest writers of the United States. by utilizing today's technology. In her class­ tradition of civic service and I urge my col­ Among the earliest explorers and settlers of room, Dr. Penney used an Arts & Entertain­ leagues in the U.S. House of Representatives the United States, Hispanics have greatly con­ ment Network presentation, "The Tribal Eye: to join me in congratulating her for her tireless Sweat of the Sun," to develop a history-social tributed to the literary heritage of this Nation, devotion to the betterment of her community. in folklore, travel memoirs, and epic poetry. In studies lesson using the arts. May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9865 TRIBUTE TO SHANNON FECTEAU convey to appropriate officials throughout Additionally, to further protect our coasts Yugoslavia our condemnation of these acts, and marine environment, I believe that the In­ HON. RONAID K. MACHfLEY and I urge the State Department to provide terior Appropriations Subcommittee should OF RHODE ISLAND whatever assistance might be appropriate to also impose a 1-year ban for Sale 137 and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES apprehend and punish those responsible. Sale 151 in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and a ban on the issuance of drilling permits for any Thursday, May 2, 1991 existing le~ses in that area. Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ SALUTE TO GEORGE Since Congress has banned oil drilling only tinct pleasure to rise today and congratulate MONTGOMERY in certain areas off of Florida's coasts, I also Shannon Fecteau, of Seekonk, MA, this year's think it is time to substitute this piecemeal ap­ recipient of the Congressman Ronald K. HON. ELTON GAUEGLY proach and consider instituting a 100-mile Machtley Academic and Leadership Excel­ OF CALIFORNIA buffer zone around the State of Florida. lence Award for St. Mary Academy Bay View, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Although this issue has been extensively in Riverside, RI. Thursday, May 2, 1991 studied and documented, one need not be an This award is presented to the student cho­ Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor expert in the field to support a ban on offshore sen by St. Mary Academy Bay View who dem­ the latest inductee into the Walk of Western drilling off of Florida's coasts. After seeing onstrates a mature blend of academic Stars in Newhall, CA. photographs of the oil spilled in the Persian achievement, community involvement, and On June 22, noted actor George Montgom­ Gulf deliberately by the madman Saddam leadership qualities. ery will be honored for his contributions to our Hussein, and imagining what an oil spill even Shannon Fecteau has more than fulfilled western heritage. This genial leading man, a tenth the size of that one would do to south this criteria. Despite being afflicted with a seri­ former boxer, stuntman, and World War II vet­ Florida's fragile ecosystem--an ecosystem ir­ ous illness, she has maintained high academic eran has had a long career in the entertain­ replaceable and unique to our hemisphere-­ standing. In addition, Shannon has been a ment industry, and has established himself as the only prudent and logical conclusion is a great asset to St. Mary Academy Bay View's a maker of fine furniture and as a sculptor. complete ban. What price does one put on the tutoring program. She serves as an inspiration Beginning in 1939 with "The Cisco Kid and mangroves, the beds of seagrasses, or the to many. the Lady," he has starred in more than 70 only living coral reef in North America? Is de­ I commend Shannon Fecteau on her out­ movies, including "The Gentleman from West stroying these environmental wonders worth standing achievements and wish her all the Point," "Belle Starr's Daughter," "Dakota Lil," paying the price for the estimated fifteen days best in her future endeavors. "Davy Crockett-Indian Scout," "The toughest of energy such oil and gas fields might yield? Gun in Tombstone," and "The Daredevil." I say the price is too high. In addition, he started a successful fine fur­ Mr. Speaker, I was born and reared in south niture business and has become a well-known Florida. I have raised my family in south Flor­ ANTI-CROATION TERRORIST sculptor, with works including "The Golden ida. My family swims in the blue waters off of ACTIVITIES MUST CEASE Boot," created for the motion picture industry. Florida's coasts and we enjoy hiking through Mr. Speaker, the reality and the myth of the the Everglades-the very places at risk from HON. DICK swrn Old West helped shape our Nation, and that offshore drilling. I urge the Interior Appropria­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE heritage is worth celebrating. I ask my col­ tions Subcommittee to continue to protect IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leagues to join me in saluting George Mont­ Florida's coasts from the dangers of oil drilling. Thursday, May 2, 1991 gomery for his contributions to that heritage as he is inducted into the Walk of Western Stars. Mr. SWETT. Mr. Speaker, the United States A TRIBUTE TO THE has always stood firmly in support of democ­ PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHERS racy; however, often times we have been URGING THE INTERIOR APPRO­ caught "behind the eight ball" as events on PRIATIONS SUBCOMMITTEE TO HON. ILEANA ROS.LEHTINEN the ground out pace the U.S. willingness to CONTINUE TO PROTECT FLOR­ OF FLORIDA lend a helping hand. IDA'S COASTS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In this instance, I fear that the fledgling de­ mocracies of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia­ HON. E. CLAY SHAW, JR. Thursday, May 2, 1991 Herzegovina, and Macedonia will be sub­ Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, when OF FLORIDA jugated by the insidious tactics of the Com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES photography was discovered in 1835, it munist's determination to maintain their strong opened new horizons in the human mind. centrist government. Just this morning I re­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 Photography created a new profession and ceived disturbing news that anti-Croation ter­ Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I would like to has become a necessity for society and mod­ rorists groups have killed two Creation police­ bring to my colleagues' attention an issue that ern science. To honor this tremendous discov­ men and engaged throughout Croatia in the House Interior Appropriations Subcommit­ ery, the Florida Professional Photographers bombings of civilian buildings, machine gun tee will be considering, which is of particular and the Professional Photographer's Guild of fire upon civilian buildings, and heightened ac­ importance to me and my constituents. The Florida has designated August 19 as "Profes­ tivities of like nature. issue I refer to is oil and gas drilling off of sional Photographer's Day" in the State of Mr. Speaker, the United States needs to Florida's coasts. Florida. strongly condemn such terrorist activities. We As many members may be aware, the entire Within time, photography became an art must be seen as promoting dialog and peace. Florida delegation is extremely concerned over form but many felt that it did not receive the It is not the United States role to unwittingly the renewed possibility of offshore oil and gas proper recognition as the established arts did. see its tri-partite policy of democracy, peace drilling off of Florida's coasts. In the past, the Many felt that photography received little, if and unity in Yugoslavia being utilized by the Interior Appropriations Subcommittee has re­ any artistic quality, but always shone in the Communists to support a strong centrist gov­ sponded to the Florida delegation's requests greatest moments, capturing important times ernment at any cost. and assisted us in this effort. Last year, Presi­ in history. If the United States does not act swiftly and dent Bush wisely declared the area south of Many historical events, for example, are with certainty, we can be assured that the 26 degrees north latitude off limits until the vivid in our minds because of photographs events in Yugoslavia will deteriorate to a point year 2000 for oil and gas exploration. I com­ taken at these critical times. The image of the where it may be unlikely that democracy can mend the President for this decision and lead­ members of the Armed Forces raising the U.S. survive. ership in this area. However, it would be high­ flag at lwo Jima will always be remembered Mr. Speaker, I urge the Members of the ly desirable for the Interior Appropriations Sub­ as capturing the essence of battle and the House of Representatives to join me in strong­ committee to again include a 1-year morato­ wave of patriotism during World War II. The lit­ ly condemning these terrorist activities. I urge rium on oil and gas leasing and drilling in that tle Vietnamese girl hysterically running after the Secretary of State and the President to area. an attack of napalm is a photograph that is 9866 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 forever etched in our minds as a reminder of In summary, Mr. Speaker, it is regrettable Act, and a multitude of Park and Wilderness the brutality of war. The shot of the solitary that the cuts this Committee had to make in its Acts would never have happened. young man standing in front of the huge tanks authorization resulted in a $75 million cut from We at Audubon will always be grateful for in Tiananmen Square reminds us of the the EOS program. Several other important Mo's openness, for his deep concern for the strength of the human quest for freedom. environment, and for his intense love for our programs requested by the President were land. We are dedicated to the achievement of Without photography, these stirring memories subject to severe budget pressures and unfor­ what is perhaps the single piece of unfinished may fade from our consciousness. tunately also cut. I urge Members of this body conservation work most dear to him-the Realizing that photography records today's to carefully examine the long-term importance protection of the coastal plain of the Arctic events for the future, the Florida Professional of NASA's EOS program in light of its role in National Wildlife Refuge as wilderness. We Photographers and the Professional Photog­ our national global change research. The re­ celebrate his achievements, and will miss his rapher's Guild of Florida began working on the sult of such an evaluation will inevitably lead leadership. We wish him well. idea to have a national day proclaimed to to a recognition of EOS's continuing impor­ honor those who have dedicated their lives to tance to global change research. the photographic profession. It was August 19, SID McLESTER NAMED HISTORIAN 1835, in France, that Louis Dagerre presented OF THE YEAR his new discovery. AUDUBON PRESIDENT PRAISES With the cooperation of the Hialeah City UDALL Government, Mayor Julio Martinez, and sup­ HON. CRAIG T. JAMFS port from other Florida cities, August 19 has HON. GEORGE Mill.ER been declared "Professional Photographer's OF CALIFORNIA OF FLORIDA Day" in the State of Florida. The city of Hia­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leah has approved the construction of Profes­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 sional Photographer's Park to be located in Thursday, May 2, 1991 Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, on there. The park will be dedicated with the un­ Mr. JAMES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to veiling of a 20-foot statue honoring the profes­ May 1, 1991, the president of the National Au­ dubon Society, Peter Berle, wrote a fitting trib­ congratulate a fellow member of my home sional photographer by sculptor Rafael community for being named the 1991 Histo­ Consuegra. ute to the work of Mo UDALL. rian of the Year by the Volusia County Histori­ I congratulate Nestor Pino, Alex Gort, Jesus He pointed out that under Mo's leadership, cal Commission. Cabrera, Adria Cabreara, and all the citizens the Interior Committee became an engine for Thousands of people in Volusia County involved in taking the time to create this wor­ a series of environmental accomplishments. have seen Sid's work-his specialty is slide thy cause. I wish them much success as to He said: shows-but not many people know the master seeing Professional Photographer's Day be­ We at Audubon will always be grateful for behind the art. come a reality. Mo's openness, for his deep concern for the environment, and for his intense love for our Sid is a full-time power company profes­ land. sional and family business owner, so he rarely has time to meet with the people who enjoy THE I would like to insert Mr. Berle's remarks in EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM his work. That's why I'm so honored to be AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO GLOB­ the RECORD at this point: AL CHANGE RESEARCH PRO­ MO UDALL-LAWMAKER FOR THE able to list his accomplishments for the GRAM ENVIRONMENT RECORD. (Remarks of Peter Berle) Without Sid, efforts to record history in It can be said, of Mo Udall's 30-year career Deland and surrounding areas would be se­ HON. JOHN J. RHODFS m in the U.S. Congress, that he not only pre­ verely hampered. He has taken all of us back OF ARIZONA served many of America's most treasured in time by copying thousands of old photo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES natural resources, but that, through his ef­ graphs of pioneer life in Volusia County for forts, the United States is a more beautiful use in books and slide shows. Thursday, May 2, 1991 and healthful nation. In the Daytona Beach News-Journal, West Mo has set a new standard for national en­ Volusia Historical Society president, Bill Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, the complex is­ vironmental leadership, and he has done so sues of global change will not disappear over­ with grace, a compassionate heart, and a wry Dreggors, said, "I can't think of anybody more night or even in the lifetime of the current gen­ humor. All his political efforts have been deserving of this honor than Sid. Without what eration of scientists. Policy measures are re­ characterized by a commitment to fair play, he did for us, there would be no books, pe­ quired today, so that we may adapt to or miti­ which led him to look always for the possi­ riod. There would be no slide programs. None gate environment changes at extensive re­ bility of accomodating the legitimate needs of it would exist except for Sid." gional and global scales. of adversaries, and thus to bring them into Sid first arrived in Deland in 1963. For NASA's Earth Observing System [EOS] will the fold. Yet, when the chips were down, this more than 10 years, he and Mr. Dreggors advance the Global Change Research Pro­ fairness has also been Mo's greatest source of strength. The historic victories he has won­ have worked together once or twice a week, gram through the study of global scale prob­ to save Alaska's wildlands, to force coal to find old photos for two local hardback lems and global environmental change in an stripminers to reclaim the land they exploit, books, "Volusia: The West Side," and "A Pic­ integrated, interdisciplinary approach covering to block the give-away policies of Interior torial History of West Volusia County, 187~ the atmosphere, oceans, and solid earth. Secretary James Watt, to preserve wilder­ 1940." The U.S. Global Change Research Program ness and parklands in virtually every state Finding and copying old photographs isn't will not succeed unless there is a working and in the Union-did not come easily. These all that Sid has done, however. He helped re­ vital EOS at its core . . The global measure­ battles required courage, risk-taking, and store the Deland House, a turn of the century fortitude. But he took them on, and he pre­ ments of the Earth that can only be provided vailed. building that houses the historical society. He by satelite observations are important to un­ Under Mo's leadership, the House Commit­ crafted the building's screen doors, frames for derstanding the Earth's environment and pre­ tee on Interior and Insular Affairs has been its cut glass, and the plaque that recognizes dicting its future courses. the engine of many of the modern Congress's project supporters. Mr. Speaker, I am particularly proud of the most significant environmental accomplish­ Mr. Speaker, Sid Mclester is a poignant re­ contributions the State of Arizona is making to ments. Over the years, of course, Mo has had minder that in towns and neighborhoods this effort. The University of Arizona in Tucson invaluable help from other leaders on the throughout America, people are working to­ now has the biggest concentration of non­ Committee, including Phil Burton, John Sei­ gether to make their communities better berling, and George Miller, who will succeed NASA scientists involved in EOS anywhere in Mo as Chairman. Without the team effort places to live, work, and raise families. the United States. The level of expertise there that Mo led, the enactment of complex and like Sid's family and friends, I am both represents real depth of research involvement far reaching laws such as the Surface Mining thankful and proud of his work for Deland. in the Office of Space Science and Applica­ Act of 1977, the Federal Coal Leasing Amend­ And I'm honored to be able to recognize him tion's [OSSAJ programs. ments, the Alaska National Interest Lands here today in front of my colleagues. May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9867 LOU BREVE'ITI: HARD WORK AND cause items that were, in fact, stolen were Mr. Speaker, every day, the media bombard CHARACTER IN AMERICA'S subsequently recovered by authorities prior to us with horror stories about the state of edu­ SERVICE arranging a controlled delivery to the fence, cation in this Nation. Sadly, many of these sto­ which some courts have ruled erases the sto­ ries are true. But I firmly believe that we need HON. NITA M. WWEY len status of the goods. to recognize the vast majority of our students OF NEW YORK In the Antidrug Abuse Act of 1988, Con­ who work hard at their studies and don't get IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gress faced a similar problem with respect to into trouble. Clearly, our school systems are money-laundering investigations by creating turning out many high-quality students, and Thursday, May 2, 1991 an offense of engaging in a financial trans­ these fine youngsters from Wm. S. Hart High Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, I action with money represented as having been are among the best anywhere. would like to pay tribute today to a man who the proceeds of unlawful activity, even though These students meet every day at 7 a.m. has lived the American dream. Lou Brevetti is it may not have been. This bill builds. upon and again at lunch to study and prepare for a tribute to the fact that all one needs to suc­ that approach. academic competitions. They compete in the ceed in this country is strength of character Clearly, an individual who willingly receives academic decathlon, computer quiz bowls, live and a willingness to work hard. He has both property that is represented as stolen is equal­ quiz bowls, speech contests, and essay con­ of these in abundance. ly as culpable as one who receives property tests. And that hard work and commitment has Lou came to this country with his parents at that, in fact, has been stolen and many States paid off. the age of 6. He learned from them that hard have already recognized this fact. This legisla­ I ask my colleagues to join me in congratu­ work woud pay off in this country, and he tion should help law enforcement where soci­ lating these fine scholars for their accomplish­ learned that lesson well. Shining shoes, press­ ety sorely needs help and that is taking the ments, and in wishing them well in the Stars ing clothes, and waiting tables, he put himself profit out of crime. 2000 Competition and in the national tour­ through college and then law school. His inde­ nament next month. fatigable efforts have helped to build an im­ mensely successful law firm-Scolari, Brevetti, TRIBUTE TO JILL A. CROZIER Goldsmith & Weiss. CIVIL RIGHTS It would have been understandable if, after HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY working so hard to establish himself, he had OF RHODE ISLAND HON.JOSELSERRANO chosen to live a life of ease. But that is not in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK Lou Brevetti's nature. He knows that the coun­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES try that had allowed him to move ahead de­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 serves and needs his service. He has carried Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ out that mission with a passion. tinct pleasure to congratulate Jill A. Crozier, of Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, it appears A colonel in the New York State Guard, Cumberland, RI, this year's recipient of the from recent news stories that the Republican former counsel to the State legislature, and a Congressman Ronald K. Machtley Academic administration is afraid of a compromise on delegate to the State Constitutional Conven­ and Leadership Excellence Award for Cum­ the civil rights bill. Historic talks between civil tion of 1967, Lou Brevetti has helped our berland High School, in Cumberland, RI. rights leaders and the Business Roundtable, a State to fulfill its motto: "Ever higher." All who This award is presented to the student cho­ group of CEO's of large corporations, are live in New York State have benefited from sen by Cumberland High School who dem­ seen as a threat by the White House. Lou's wisdom and commitment. We have onstrates a mature blend of academic The big business community and the civil been able to rely on Lou's sage advice, steady achievement, community involvement, and rights community have been fiercely opposed counsel, and engaging wit to see us through leadership qualities. on issues critical to enactment of civil rights even the most difficult times. Jill A. Crozier has certainly fulfilled this cri­ legislation. These two communities are seek­ Those of us who know him well are con­ teria. She is an honor student and is a rnem­ ing to come together to reach an agreement, fident Lou's energy and commitment will never t:>er of the Rhode Island Honor Society. She and the administration does not want them to. fail us. His vision offers immense hope for all also participated on the basketball and track What kind of sense does this make? of us, and he will always be a role model for teams. In addition, Jill has worked on behalf of To those of us who truly want to see the young Americans striving for a better .future. SADD and was a volunteer library worker. longtime goal of equal employment opportunity I commend Jill A. Crozier for her outstand­ for minorities and women become a reality, it ing achievements and wish her all the best in doesn't make sense. To those of us who INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION her future endeavors. dream of a day when we won't be divided by TO FACILITATE UNDERCOVER racial hatred and discrimination, it doesn't STING OPERATIONS make sense. To those of us who believe that TRIBUTE TO HART HIGH SCHOOL business issues and minority issues do not .HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS ACADEMIC TEAM have to be diametrically opposed, it doesn't OF PENNSYLVANIA make sense. But to a Republican administration that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. ELTON GAU.EGLY seeks to convert racial hatred into votes, to Thursday, May 2, 1991 OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accuse Democrats of being antibusiness and Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I am today intro­ proquotas it apparently makes perfect sense. ducing legislation at the request of the Depart­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 When the President vetoed the civil rights ment of Justice that will facilitate law enforce­ Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to bill last year, it was presumably to protect big ment in undercover sting operations involving rise today to inform my colleagues of the aca­ business. Well, if the business community is traffickers and receivers of stolen and counter­ demic accomplishments of an outstanding seeking a compromise on civil rights, on feited property. group of high school students from my district. whose behalf does the White House object to Currently, several Federal statutes exist that The academic team from Wm. S. Hart High the talks? Whose interests are they serving, punish persons who traffic in or receive stolen School in Newhall, CA, has finished 10th in other than the Republican Party? Did the and counterfeited goods, but the law enforce­ the Nation in competition against similar teams Founding Fathers of this great Nation, the in­ ment in these crimes is complicated by the from around the country, and will participate ventors of the best system of government in fact that such statutes require proof that the next weekend as 1 of just 16 teams in the the world, envision the White House as a defendant knew that the property was stolen Stars 2000 High School Academic Competi­ huge campaign headquarters? or counterfeited. As a result, law enforcement tion in Lexington, KY. The talks between the Business Roundtable officers cannot merely represent to a sus­ Besides advancing to the "sweet 16," the and the civil rights community are an illustra­ pected fence-a dealer in stolen goods-that academic team also will represent California in tion of the American political process at work. an item is stolen-it must actually have been the prestigious National Tournament of Aca­ Compromise is at the heart of that process. It stolen. Some cases have even been lost be- demic Excellence in Florida on June 16 to 21. is my understanding that the main issue under 9868 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 negotiation is whether there should be a cap would be provided by requiring that the annu­ leader among his fellow Scouts, is active in on damages that could be awarded to plain­ ity be designated for education costs at time the local community and is a fine student. This tiffs in discrimination suits. I am sure there is of purchase. Qualified higher education costs is one young man who is committed to making strong feeling on both sides, and I see nothing are defined to include only undergraduate ex­ a difference during his lifetime. inappropriate in the two groups discussing penses incurred at institutions of higher edu­ I join his family and friends in saying that I their viewpoints and working through their ar­ cation. Finally, under the terms of the legisla­ am proud of his accomplishments and wish guments. tion, the annuity premium payments to cover him the best of luck in the future. Does the White House have a better way to the education costs would not count against come up with an acceptable solution to the ac­ the gift tax annual exclusion. knowledged problem of race- and gender­ Other code sections provide direct benefit to POET AUTUMN ADAIR'S TRIBUTE based discrimination in the workplace? These taxpayers financing the costs of higher edu­ TO THE TROOPS two groups of concerned citizens are fulfilling cation. Section 135 allows income from U.S. their civil and social responsibility by seeking savings bonds to be excluded from income HON. DAVE CAMP compromise on important issues affecting under certain circumstances if the income is OF MICHIGAN them. These talks should be encouraged. used to pay educational costs. Section 2503 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Yet the Bush White House would rather pre­ generally allows an unlimited gift tax annual Thursday, May 2, 1991 exclusion for gifts which pay higher education vent these people from reachi_ng an agree­ Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, the daughter of tuition costs. H.R. 2218 would provide a ment. I guess the Republican administration's one of my constituents was so touched by the solution to the problems of employment dis­ mechanism to directly address the needs of spirit of dedication and commitment to free­ crimination and racial tension is to encourage middle-income taxpayers facing higher edu­ dom expressed by our troops during the Per­ bitter divisions between people, and block ne­ cation costs of their children which will be fi­ sian Gulf war, that she was moved to describe gotiation and compromise. It seems our Presi­ nancially overwhelming. those feelings quite eloquently in a poem dent would rather have a bill to veto than a bill Since the proposal would only apply to called "Reasons." The poet, Autumn Adair of predesignated annuities issued under enact­ to sign. Fowlerville, Ml, felt so strongly about the con­ ment, it would not have a material effect on flict that she took pen in hand to describe her current Federal revenues. I strongly encour­ feelings, which were shared by many Ameri­ INTRODUCTION OF H.R. 2218, THE age my colleagues to cosponsor this important illGHER EDUCATION SAVINGS cans. This is a tribute to all the brave men and legislation along with Mr. JACOBS and me and women who served the world so bravely, and PLAN ACT OF 1991 to work for its prompt enactment. it is appropriate that this poem be part of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD as a testimony to HON. GUY VANDER JAGT those noble men and women who served our OF MICHIGAN PAUL BECKWITH RECEIVES EAGLE SCOUT Nation and the cause of liberty, with a debt of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gratitude to the poet. Thursday, May 2, 1991 HON. CRAIG T. JAMFS REASONS Mr. VANDER JAGT. Mr. Speaker, I am The boys are on the beach again, OF FLORIDA Some ask, "Why are they there?" today introducing H.R. 2218, the Higher Edu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cation Savings Plan Act of 1991. I am pleased They watch the silver birds fly by, that my friend and colleague on the Commit­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 With gold and raven hair. tee on Ways and Means, Congressman AN­ Mr. JAMES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ask And on this Beach there is no sea. DREW JACOBS, is joining me in introducing this my colleagues to join me in congratulating a No cool, refreshing bath, The Fire still flies overhead; important legislation. This legislation is in­ fine young man from Palatka, Fl. There's no well-traveled path. tended to make a modest step in the direction Stephen Paul Beckwith recently joined an They dream of Home across the sea, of assisting parents to save for the staggering elite group of individuals when Troop 62 of And people that they Love; costs of their children's higher education ex­ Palatka selected him to be their 101 st Eagle They dream of peaceful sleep at night, penses. Scout, the highest and most prestigious honor And the cooing of a dove. The compelling need for this legislation is in the Boy Scouts of America. We know you as our sons and friends, now more apparent than ever. The cost of Paul joined the Scouts in 1986 and has We know you as our brother; sending a child to a private university for 4 been a leader ever since. He has attended We know, on you we can depend­ years now averages more than $50,000, while summer camp at Rainey Mountain in north You're our knights in shining armor. the cost of a 4-year public university education Georgia and Daniel Boone in South Carolina. Alas, your courage and your smiles; averages $18,000. By the year 2007, the De­ He attended the national Jamboree in 1989 Sweet boys, we love you so, partment of Education estimates the total cost and went diving in the Florida Keys with the And we'll try to send a little Light to attend a private university will increase to troop in 1990. To help you as you go. $200,000 and· to $60,000 for a public univer­ He has served as patrol leader, quarter­ They're there because the world has asked; sity. These statistics spotlight a major financial master and currently serves as an instructor in They're there for glory's hue; Troop 62. He is also a brotherhood member of They're there to set things right again; problem facing parents. They're there for me and you. Accumulating the funds necessary to cover Echockotee Lodge of the Order of the Arrow. these costs will be very difficult with after tax Outside Troop 62, Paul is just as deter­ dollars for most, if not all, middle-income par­ mined to touch others. He is also very busy. INTRODUCTION OF THE UNDER- ents. With the stress on higher education by Paul is active in his church where he is a WATER HAZARDOUS LIQUID the Federal Government and the need for ac­ member of the youth choir and serves as sec­ PIPELINE SAFETY ACT OF 1991 cumulating the funds to cover the escalating retary of the Young Mens Association. cost, middle-income taxpayers should receive At Palatka High School, Paul is a three­ HON. BERNARD J. DWYER some tax assistance to enable them to meet sport athlete. He played on the offensive and OF NEW JERSEY the future costs. defensive lines for the freshman football team, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Under H.R. 2218, assistance would be is a wrestler and is also a member of the made available by providing that when a tax­ school weight-lifting team. Thursday, May 2, 1991 payer purchases a predesignated annuity for For his Eagle Scout project, Paul led an ef­ Mr. DWYER of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, . the child to cover qualified higher education fort to clear and prepare an overgrown vacant today I am introducing legislation entitled the costs, the withdrawal of funds from the annuity lot in order for it to be used for parking by the Underwater Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety to pay such education costs would be exempt members of his church, First Baptist of Act of 1991 and I would like to invite my col­ from the 1Q-percent penalty for premature dis­ Palatka. leagues to become cosponsors of this bill. tributions from annuity contracts under Internal Mr. Speaker, as you can see, Paul is well­ On January 1, 1990, an estimated 567 ,ooo Revenue Code section 72(q). Safeguards deserving of the rank of Eagle Scout. He is a gallons of oil spilled into a waterway bordering May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9869 the Sixth Congressional District in New Jer­ "(B) the date of installation, type, and "(l) INSPECTION AND TESTING BY INSTRU­ sey, closing one of the world's busiest ship­ manufacturer of each such underwater pipe­ MENTED INTERNAL INSPECTION DEVICES.-(A) ping lanes to traffic for several days and line facility; Not later than 1 year after the date of enact­ "(C) the date on which significant repairs threatening one of the most unique wildlife ment of this section, the Secretary shall were made to each such underwater pipeline issue regulations requiring all underwater habitats on the east coast. fac111ty, and any date on which each such un­ pipeline facilities which can accommodate It is widely believed that this spill could have derwater pipeline fac111ty was replaced; the passage, without significant alterations, been limited to a fraction of the amount spilled "(D) the nature of the repair or replace­ of instrumented internal inspection devices had a pipeline monitoring and control system ment, or both; (commonly referred to as 'smart pigs') to be functioned properly. Its leak-detection system, "(E) an assessment by the operator of the inspected with such devices. however, had been emitting false and erratic susceptibility of each such underwater pipe­ "(B) Inspections required under subpara­ line facility to corrosion and outside force graph (A) shall be conducted on at least an signals for approximately 12 years prior to the damage; accident. As a result, the leak-one of the annual basis, unless the Secretary deter­ "(F) an assessment by the operator wheth­ mines that less frequent inspections do not worst ever in the New York-New Jersey er each such underwater pipeline fac111ty diminish the value of such inspections in area-continued unnoticed for 6 hours. may be inspected with internal inspection preventing releases. In recent months, accidents involving haz­ devices; and "(2) EMERGENCY FLOW RESTRICTING DE­ ardous liquid pipelines have occurred in Ta­ "(G) such other information as the Sec­ VICES.-(A) Not later than 18 months after coma, WA, and Grand Rapids, MN, discharg­ retary may require. the date of enactment of this section, the ing 210,000 gallons and 650,000 gallons of oil "(2) REVISION OF INFORMATION IN A TIMELY Secretary shall issue regulations requiring MANNER.-The regulations issued under para­ the use of remotely controlled emergency respectively. graph (1) shall require each operator of un­ The Underwater Hazardous Liquid Pipeline flow restricting devices on all underwater derwater pipeline facilities to report to the pipeline facilities. The regulations shall ad­ Safety Act of 1991 focuses on three areas: in­ Secretary any changes in the information dress the spacing of such devices, taking into formation, ·prevention, and enforcement. In submitted under paragraph (1) in each subse­ account generally accepted industry stand­ brief, this legislation would require the Sec­ quent calendar year. In the event that there ards and the need to minimize pollution or retary of Transportation: are no changes in the information submitted other damages from releases in environ­ First, to issue regulations requiring the oper­ in the previous calendar year, the Secretary mentally sensitive areas and significant shall require written notification of that ator of a hazardous liquid pipeline facility to commercial water routes. The regulations fact. shall also require the annual inspection of submit annual reports containing detailed in­ "(3) REPORTS TO CONGRESS.-The Secretary formation about the pipeline facility under his such devices and the review of any oper­ shall issue annual reports to Congress sum­ ational procedures and training guidelines control; marizing the information obtained under associated with the use of such devices. paragraphs (1) and (2), and under section Second, to collect information regarding an "(B)(i) Not later than 6 months after the operator's inspection and enforcement history, 3(b)(l) of the Underwater Hazardous Liquid date of enactment of this section, the Sec­ to identify chronic violators of pipeline safety Pipeline Safety Act of 1991, not later than 1 retary, in consultation and cooperation with year after the date on which such informa­ the Administrator of the Environmental regulations, and to use such information to set tion is required to be submitted under those priorities for inspection, monitoring and rule­ provisions. The Secretary shall make copies Protection Agency, shall study the benefits making; of such reports available for public inspec­ of automatic emergency flow restricting de­ Third, to establish and maintain a data tion and purchase. vices on underwater pipeline facilities in pre­ venting releases into environmentally sen­ base, accessible by computer telecommuni­ "(b) MANAGEMENT OF DATA.-The Secretary shall establish and maintain in a computer sitive areas or significant commercial water cations, containing the information outlined routes. The Secretary may examine the costs above; data base a hazardous liquid pipeline fac111ty inventory incorporating, at a minimum, the associated with such devices. Fourth, to report to the Congress on the de­ data submitted to the Secretary under sub­ "(ii) Upon completion of such study, the partment's actions to ensure that its enforce­ section (a) and the data collected under sec­ Secretary shall issue to the Congress a re­ ment policies and procedures are consistent tion 3(b)(l) of the Underwater Hazardous Liq­ port that summarizes the results of the throughout the Hazardous Liquid Pipeline uid Pipeline Safety Act of 1991. The Sec­ study and makes recommendations that the Safety Program; and retary shall make this data accessible by Secretary considers appropriate. computer telecommunication and any other "(e) DEFINrrIONS.-For the purposes of this Fifth, to issue regulations requiring the use section- of remotely controlled emergency flow restrict­ appropriate means to any person at a fair and reasonable cost. Such data and services "(1) the term 'environmentally sensitive ing devices and to study the effectiveness of shall be provided without charge to States area' means an area, designated by the Sec­ automatic emergency flow restricting devices. and municipalities. retary in accordance with guidelines that Mr. Speaker, below please find the com­ "(c) REPORTS.- the Secretary shall establish by regulation plete text of the bill. "(!) Not later than 1 year after the date of (in consultation and cooperation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protec­ H.R.- enactment of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with other appropriate offi­ tion Agency and the Administrator of the Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ cials, shall submit to the Congress a report National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis­ resentatives of the United States of America in describing the steps taken by the Secretary tration), in which a release could reasonably Congress assembled, to implement subsection (b). be expected to result in significant damage SECl'ION 1. SHORT TITLE. "(2) Not later than 1 year after the date on to a habitat essential for the breeding, This Act may be cited as the "Underwater which the computer telecommunication sys­ spawning, nesting, migration, wintering, or Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety Act of tem required under subsection (b) is first put survival of migratory and resident fish, wild­ 1991". into operation, the Secretary, in consulta­ life, and wild plants; including migratory tion with other appropriate officials, shall birds, endangered species, commercially and SEC. S. UNDERWATER PIPELINE FACILITIES. recreationally important finfish, shellfish, (a) AMENDMENT.-The Hazardous Liquid submit. to the Congress a report- "(A) describing the extent to which the in­ and other aquatic organisms, and other spe­ Pipeline Safety Act of 1979 (49 U.S.C. App. cies and communities of wildlife and wild 2001 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end formation collected under such system has been used by the Department of Transpor­ plants; the following new section: tation, the Environmental Protection Agen­ "(2) the term 'release' means any spilling, "SEC. no. UNDERWATER PIPELINE FACILITIES. cy, other Federal agencies, the States, and leaking, emitting, discharging, escaping, "(a) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.- the public; leaching, or disposing of a hazardous liquid "(!) NOTIFICATION.-Not later than 1 year "(B) describing the purposes for which such from a pipeline fac111ty, whether intentional after the date of enactment of this section, information has been used; and or not; the Secretary shall issue regulations requir­ "(C) identifying and evaluating the options "(3) the term 'significant commercial ing that, in the case of operators of under­ for modifying the requirements of (a) and (b) water route' means any port, harbor, or water pipeline fac111ties, information pro­ of this section, and of section 3(b)(l) of the other body of navigable water significant to vided under section 203(i) after the expira­ Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety Enhance­ the producing, storing, handling, transfer­ tion of 6 months after the effective date of ment Act of 1991, for the purpose of making ring, processing, or transporting of products, such regulations shall include- information collected under such provisions goods, or other commercial or trading activi­ "(A) the location, size of diameter, and more useful. ties; and length of each such underwater pipeline fa­ "(d) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR UNDER­ "(4) the term 'underwater pipeline fac111ty' c111ty; WATER PIPELINE FACILITIES.- means any pipeline facility which- 9870 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 "(A) is composed of pipe of an interior di­ THE VANGUARD OF FREEDOM well-worn Random House Dictionary, I read ameter greater than or equal to 8 inches; or the second definition of vanguard: the fore­ "(B) the Secretary determines has the ca­ front of any movement or activity. Translat­ HON. TERRY L BRUCE ing this into my own words, I found van­ pability. (as measured by the potential of the OF ILLINOIS pipeline facility in the event of the failure of guard to mean a leader by example. release prevention devices and procedures) to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . The United States has been a leader by ex­ release more than 20,000 gallons of a hazard­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 ample in its establishment and preservation ous liquid in a 1 hour period of time, of freedoms. In the past few years, the Unit­ Mr. BRUCE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ed States' example has played a big part in and which is under water or adjacent to a share one of my constituent's thoughts on de­ bringing down the Berlin Wall. Democracies body of water.". mocracy. John Frederick Schomberg from Ur­ around the world have provided an example "(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.-The table of bana, IL, wrote a winning essay for the Veter­ for the Eastern Bloc countries to emulate as contents of the Hazardous Liquid Pipeline ans of Foreign Wars of the United States and they begin to realize what Winston Churchill Safety Act of 1979 is amended by adding at its Ladies Auxiliary's Voice of Democracy con­ said years ago, "Democracy is the worst the end the following new item: test. form of government, except all the others The recent war in the Middle East has re­ that have been tried." As other countries re­ "Sec. 220. Underwater pipeline facilities.". alize the benefits of giving power to the peo­ minded all Americans of their precious right to SEC. 3. ENFORCEMENT. ple, those images from history of the East a democratic society. John's essay reinforces (a) REPORT.-Not later than 6 months after Berliner, the defector, and the Beijing stu­ the thought that democracy is a treasure we the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec­ dents can become images of the past instead retary of Transportation shall submit to the must work to keep. I ask that his essay be in­ of problems of the present. Congress a report describing Department of cluded in the RECORD. It's incredible that a single example of de­ Transportation actions to ensure that its en­ DEMOCRACY-THE VANGUARD OF FREEDOM mocracy can bring change to the rest of the (By John Schomberg Illinois winner) world, but it has. Democracy helped change forcement policies and procedures pertaining the lives of our forefathers and it's helping to the hazardous liquid pipeline safety pro­ My father and I walked among the pale change the lives of the oppressed around the gram are consistent throughout the pro­ white tombstones that stood at attention in world, but what does it do for us today? In a gram. This report shall include, at a mini­ their respective rows. The markers looked word: everything. Let's not fail to realize mum- cold to the touch and seemed to stretch on forever along the freshly mown lawn. At the that every action we take is in some way a (1) the extent to which the Department has product of our freedoms that have been cre­ implemented procedures to coordinate the time, I only came up to my father's hip and ated by democracy, whether it be going to enforcement activities of its hazardous liq­ had to crane my neck in an effort to make the church of our choice, voting for the uid pipeline safety field inspection staff with eye contact. "Why did they all die, Dad?" My father took a deep breath, searching for county clerk, or expressing what we believe headquarters enforcement and legal staff; simple words to answer this complicated through a VFW essay. (2) the extent to which the Department has question. He began by using words like lib­ Franklin Delano Roosevelt once said, implemented written guidelines regarding erty, freedom, and democracy. After he had "Those who have long enjoyed such privi­ procedures for the adequate documentation finished his reply, he looked down at my leges as we enjoy forget in time that men of cases; blank stare and was forced to look for an an­ have died to win them." I guess that's what (3) the extent to which the Department has swer that would hit closer to home. my Dad meant in the cemetery. I never real­ implemented written guidelines delineating Stroking his beard, he continued. "They ized that someone could stop my grandfather the type and severity of sanctions that died so your grandfather could farm his own from farming, I'd always taken it for granted should be applied to violators of pipeline land. They died so when you grow older that I would get to vote when I got older, safety regulations; and you'll have a part in choosing the next Presi­ and it seemed absurd that I could ever be (4) the extent to which guidelines pertain­ dent. They died so you and I can say what we persecuted for what I believe in. Our fore­ fathers remembered those privileges ... the ing to sanctions incorporate an operator's believe in without any punishment." "Why is that so important? We've always been able oppressed pray for them . . . soldiers fight enforcement history, including the extent to for them. Thinking back to those long rows which such guidelines require the levying of to do those things." "I know, son, but they died to guarantee that you always will." As of pale white tombstones, I now see a dif­ more severe sanctions on chronic violators of ferent face and story behind each one of hazardous liquid pipeline safety regulations. a child, I didn't quite understand how I could be better off than anyone else in the world. them. If those soldiers could die for those (b) USE OF DATA TO STRENGTHEN ENFORCE­ I was only allowed to have one dessert, had privileges, at least we could learn to appre­ MENT ACTIVITIES.- restricted television privileges, and had to be ciate them. (1) INFORMATION COLLECTION.-The Sec­ in bed by 8 o'clock. I thought I had it pretty retary of Transportation shall collect infor­ rough. mation regarding each hazardous liquid pipe­ I still think as that child I remember the MARTIN LEVITIN AND B'NAI line facility operator's inspection and en­ images from history books and television: B'RITH SERVING OUR YOUTH forcement history in order to- the East Berliner hurling herself through a (A) determine whether there is evidence of barbed wire fence in the midst of gunfire; the chronic violations of hazardous liquid pipe­ television cameras zooming in on the latest HON. NITA M. LOWEY line safety regulations by such operator; and defector from the Eastern Bloc; and the stu­ OF NEW YORK (B) set priorities for inspection, increased dent protesters in Biejing running from the monitoring, rulemaking, and, in the event gunfire of their own armies. In these three IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that widespread deficiencies are discovered cases, people chanced imprisonment, separa­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 tion from their families, and the loss of their in the hazardous liquid pipeline safety pro­ Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, gram, remedial efforts to correct those defi­ lives so they might enjoy the freedoms that one of the most important tasks facing any so­ ciencies. I'd taken for granted all my life. In attempting to gain an appreciation for (2) AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION.-lnfor­ ciety is bringing up its young people with the the value of freedom, I looked at not only values and skills that will enable them to take mation pertaining to operators possessing a the history and governments of other coun­ record of chronic violations of hazardous liq­ up the reins of leadership. This is a task that tries, but also the past of our own United has been embraced in Westchester County by uid pipeline safety regulations shall be made States. In the American Revolution, in addi­ available to other government agencies and tion to desiring separation and freedom from the Tom Paine-New Rochelle Unit of B'nai officials on the Federal, State, and local lev­ Great Britain, we wanted a government "by B'rith and by Martin A. Levitin, the recipient of els, and shall be made available to the public the people, for the people." We created a de­ the Unit's Person-of-the-Year Youth Services upon written request. mocracy. Award. Democracy is a freedom and a right out­ Through its youth organization, B'nai B'rith SEC. 4. G~IN-AID. lined in the Constitution and first acted provides young people of the Jewish faith with Section 17(d)(l) of the Natural Gas Pipeline upon through the drafting of the Bill of Safety Act of 1968 (49 U.S.C. App. 1684(d)(l)) an opportunity to seek learning and fellowship Rights. The Bill of Rights created freedom of in an environment that helps them to better is amended- speech, religion, and due process: rights that (1) by striking "5 percent" and inserting in are still a vital part of American society appreciate and understand the importance of lieu thereof "20 percent"; and today. their Jewish heritage. This is truly a worthwhile (2) by striking "1985" and inserting in lieu So how is democracy a vanguard of free­ goal, and the Tom Paine-New Rochelle Unit of thereof "1991". dom? Flipping through my dad's old and B'nai B'rith, in conjunction with Beth El Syna- May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9871 gogue Center, does an admirable job of fulfill­ of the Pennsylvania State Civil Service Com­ lations Commission. Finally, Mr. Robinson initi­ ing it. mission and the merit system, I say congratu­ ated a lawsuit to end the illegal practice of Marty Levitin's contributions to Beth El and lations and good luck in the next 50 years. barring African-Americans from burial in the the B'nai B'rith are myriad. He has held every all-white Flint cemeteries. vice president's post and chairmanship in­ One of my most vivid memories in the fight volved with the Tom Paine Unit, and was its TRIBUTE TO STACIA MEDINA for civil rights in , Flint was the effort to inte­ co-president for two terms. His B'nai B'rith grate housing in our community. C. Frederick service extends beyond New Rochelle as well. HON. RONALD K. MACHfLEY Robinson was a leader in that cause and I can He is active on the Westchester-Putnam OF RHODE ISLAND recall the times when Mr. Robinson and I vol­ Council and serves on the Board of Governors IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unteered to do some "bigot sitting" at the of the district which covers all of New York Thursday, May 2, 1991 home of Jerry Beatty, an African-American State and New England. In addition, Marty who moved into an all-white neighborhood serves on Beth El Synagogue's Board of Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ near Flint. Much has changed for the better Trustees and is active in support of the impor­ tinct pleasure to congratulate Stacia Medina, because of Mr. Robinson. Much more needs tant work of the Anti-Defamation League and of Warren, RI, this year's recipient of the Con­ to be done. Justice has a friend in Fred Robin­ the Westchester Israel Bonds Campaign. gressman Ronald K. Machtley Academic and son. But the contributions of this outstanding indi­ Leadership Excellence Award for Warren Sen­ Mr. Speaker, Flint is a better community be­ vidual are not limited to community leadership. ior High School in Warren, RI. cause of C. Frederick Robinson. We are the He is also a successful attorney and dedicated This award is presented to the student cho­ beneficiaries of his power to envision, his family man. Marty is a partner in the Manhat­ sen by Warren High School who demonstrates decison to challenge, his goal to change. Fred tan law firm of Bryan, Levitin, Franzino & a mature blend of academic achievement, Robinson is a model citizen for all to emulate Rosenberg. His wife, Elaine, is a teacher of community involvement, and leadership quali­ and I urge my colleagues in the U.S. House learning disabled children, who in that capacity ties. of Representatives to join me in honoring him has made a remarkable difference in their Stacia Medina has more than fulfilled this for all he has done to promote justice and lib­ lives. Together they have raised four children: criteria. She is graduating first in her class erty. Two lawyers, a doctor, and a chiropractor. with a grade point average of 96.43. She also Marty and Elaine are now enjoying their first participated all 4 years on the soccer, basket­ grandchild. ball, and softball teams. She was named team B'nai B'rith will present Martin Levitin with its captain on both the soccer and softball teams. BUDGET TALK MAKES SENSE Youth Service Award this weekend. I am cer­ In addition Stacia's classmates elected her the tain that my colleagues agree with me that he homecoming queen. is a most deserving recipient. He serves the I commend Stacia Medina for her outstand­ HON. JACK REED youth of his community not only by helping to ing achievements and wish her all the best in OF RHODE ISLAND provide them with the excellent programs her future endeavors. B'nai B'rith organizes, but also by being an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES outstanding role model. CONGRESSMAN KILDEE HONORS Thursday, May 2, 1991 MR. C. FREDERICK ROBINSON Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, our colleague, THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BARNEY FRANK of Massachusetts, was hon­ PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL SERVICE HON. DALE E. Kil.DEE ored this week by the Pawtucket, RI Evening OF MICHIGAN Times. The Evening Times commended HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FRANK for his plan to cut excessive defense spending. I'm sure many of our colleagues OF PENNSYLVANIA . Thursday, May 2, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES here in the House read Mr. FRANK'S op-ed in Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to yesterday's New York Times in which he ex­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 pay tribute to Mr. C. Frederick Robinson, a plained his reasoning, a piece titled "So Call Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to man who will be honored at a banquet on May it a Victory Dividend." . pay tribute to the Pennsylvania Civil Service 9, 1991, for his devotion and dedication to the Mr. FRANK, a member of the House Budget Commission on its 50th anniversary. cause of equal justice for all in my hometown Committee, has been working for years to The commission was established in 1941 by of Flint, Ml. bring these ideas to the attention of the Con­ the Civil Service Act of Pennsylvania, which Mr. C. Frederick Robinson has been a prac­ gress and the people. created a merit system, whereby persons are ticing attorney in my hometown of Flint since His op-ed in the New York Times lays out appointed or promoted to positions on the 1956. He is a member of the Christ Fellowship a strong argument for reducing defense basis of merit and fitness. The merit system Baptist Church, the National and Michigan Bar spending by one-third in order to make the in­ has contributed to the efficiency and economy Associations, Omen Temple No. 72, the Amer­ vestment in people and capital that our coun­ of government administration in the Common­ ican Civil Liberties Union and is a life member try so critically needs. wealth of Pennsylvania by being responsive to of the National Association for the Advance­ He makes the point that the commonly used the needs of the Commonwealth and its resi­ ment of Colored People. Membership in these term "peace dividend" should be replaced by dents. outstanding organizations clearly indicates that "victory dividend," to make it clear that we can The merit system has resulted in the Com­ Mr. Robinson is a man whose life embodies a shift this funding because we can win without monwealth's ability to attract qualified and commitment to civil rights, liberty, and the rule it. We shouldn't have to wait until the world competent people to State and local govern­ of law. has no more "bad guys" before we reconsider ment, and has developed guidelines for the As a leader of the civil rights movement in our spending priorities. selection, development, advancement, and re­ Flint, C. Frederick Robinson brought a greater Our national economy is in trouble. We can't tention of career employees in accordance measure of justice to our community. Because afford to continue spending billions of dollars with established merit principles. of his hard work, Flint became the very first on high tech toys when children are hungry Currently, there are 60,000 civil servants in city in the Nation to enact an open housing or­ and uneducated. To quote Mr. FRANK, "the the merit system working in 36 State agen­ dinance by referendum. He helped spearhead choice of reducing our deficit, inoculating our cies, and another 7 ,000 in local government the election of the first African-American to the children against disease, and repairing our working in one of 298 local government agen­ . Flint Board of Education; assisted in the elec­ bridges and roads versus spending large cies. tion of the first African-American municipal sums to subsidize Japan and Europe should Mr. Speaker, I ask that all my colleagues judge in Flint; advocated for the hiring of mi­ be an easy one." join me in honoring 50 years of proof that the norities in the banking industry and skilled I urge all of my colleagues to read these merit system works. To all the fine men and trades; and drafted the ordinance which cre­ pieces, which follow here, and take Mr. women who have worked hard and been part ated the city of Flint's outstanding Human Re- FRANK'S advice to heart: 9872 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 [From the Pawtucket, RI Evening Times, is poor policy, we argued, to spend more than MIKE WALSH: A NEW VOICE FOR Apr. 30, 1991] SlOO billion a year defending Western Europe AAR REPRESENTATIVE FRANK'S BUDGET TALK from the defunct Warsaw Pact while our def­ MAKES SENSE icit expands and our infrastructure decays. Our mistake was calling this a "peace divi­ HON. 'IllOMAS J. MANTON Schools across the country are either clos­ OF NEW YORK ing or struggling to offer students the basics. dend." The phrase suggested that its advo­ State governments are periodically suspend­ cates were naive about the world, apologetic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing all but essential services. Thousands of about America's role in it, or both. Thursday, May 2, 1991 people are filing for unemployment benefits. Consequently, when repression persisted in Others are wondering if they wlll ever re­ Russia, and America went to war in the gulf, Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ceive those or other benefits. The state of the peace dividend was pronounced dead. Had call to the attention of my colleagues an article the Union stinks, and so does the fact that the case for it depended on Mikhail Gorba­ which appeared in the Washington Post re­ more politicians are not on the same wave chev ·becoming head of Amnesty Inter­ cently on Union Pacific Railroad chairman Mi­ length as U.S. Rep. Barney Frank when it national and Saddam Hussein being as rea­ chael A. Walsh. In addition to his chores as comes to the federal budget. sonable as the Bush Administration thought head of the Union Pacific Railroad, Mike During a recent taping of the Attleboro­ he was before Aug. 2, it would deserve its de­ Walsh currently performs double duty as chair­ based Inland Cable's "Inside Look," the Mas­ mise. man of the American Association of Railroads. sachusetts Democrat said the country could But it didn't. And doesn't. Given the dras­ take billions of dollars from the Defense De­ tic weakening of the Communist m111tary, I am a member of the Energy and Commerce partment, invest it in domestic problems and the great increase in industrial strength of Subcommittee on Transportation and Hazard­ "stm remain the strongest nation in the our allies and America's proven military su­ ous Materials, which has jurisdiction over our world by far." periority over any likely adversary, a mili­ Nation's railroads. In that capacity, I have According to Frank, the United States tary budget that is less than two-thirds 'of been fortunate to get to know and work with demonstrated its military dominance during our current expenditure would more than Mike on a number of occasions. Mike clearly the Persian Gulf War, and such dominance suffice to keep us the strongest power in the has proven to be an aggressive spokesman can be maintained with conventional weap­ world. for the interests of his industry. Furthermore ons. We agree with the representatives and What taxpayers are entitled to after 45 wish the powers that be would eliminate ap­ Mike, who has not spent much time previously years of carrying a grossly disproportionate on Capitol Hill, has shown himself to be a propriations for costly weapons and defense share of the non-Communist world's military systems. Two examples cited by Frank are burden is a "victory dividend." It is a divi­ quick study and a good student of the legisla­ the Stealth bomber, which played no role in dend, because it is more than $100 blllion a tive process in Washington. the war against Iraq, and the Strategic De­ year that we can use for health care, deficit Mr. Speaker Mike's management style and fense Initiative (SDI). reduction, education or any other purpose. It his political skill has caught the attention of We a.re not calling for an end to defense is a victory dividend because it has been many of us on Capitol Hill. The Washington spending. That would be foolish. But we do made possible by our success in the cold war Post's recent story is simply confirmation that argue that appropriating billions of dollars and the increased self-defense capacity of on items such as the Stealth and Star Wars Mike Walsh is a force to be reckoned with is foolish when states and muncipalities are our allies. whenever matters involving the railroad indus­ struggling to deliver decent services. It is no It is not a call to disarm. We should retain try are considered. Even Mike's adversaries secret improvements are needed in our edu­ the ability to deter nuclear war, to deploy will agree that he is indeed a worthy oppo­ cation system, and the recently released FBI air, sea and land power rapidly around the nent. As long as Mike Walsh is at the helm as globe when our vital interests are at stake, statistics on crime demonstrate the country head of the American Association of Railroads must attack the myriad of problems that . and to reassure weak nations threatened by belligerent neighbors. The consensus to keep no one will say this is a staid or passive indus­ lead people to break the law. try. Granted, cutbacks are being made on de­ such a force is overwhelming in Congress and fense spending, but even more money could the country. Mr. Speaker, I commend this article to my be slashed to help reduce the federal deficit In fact, the weapons used by the U.S. in the colleagues and I ask that it be reprinted in the and fund research to find cures for the coun­ gulf were not the controversial ones of the RECORD at this point: try's ailing economy. And if defense spending 80's. The MX and Midgetman missiles, the B­ [From the Washington Post, April 26, 1991] is to be cut, more than lip service has to be l and B-2 bombers, anti-satellite weapons, RAIL INDUSTRY'S NEW SPOKESMAN SEEKS TO paid to the idea of retooling industries de­ and Strategic Defense Initiative were irrele­ BE AN ENGINE OF CHANGE-A KEY FIGURE IN pendent on Defense Department contracts. vant to victory in Iraq and wlll be to future STRIKE, WALSH IS VIEWED WITH ADMIRA­ And of course, there are those pork-barrel conflicts of this sort. (The effort to claim the TION AND WARINESS appropriations and infamous research Patriot for the S.D.I. program is one of the (By Don Phillips) projects into pressing issues we all stay great acts of intellectual piracy of our time.) awake at night and wonder about. We are We demonstrably do not need a huge land When trains were halted nationwide by a sure more than a few hours of sleep have force in Europe and a S5 b11lion a year sub­ strike last week, the key player from the been lost because people want to know the sidy for Japan in the form of American railroad industry was a newcomer to Wash­ negative environmental effects of cows pass­ forces stationed there. Nor do we need to add ington. But Union Pacific Railroad Chair­ ing gas. tens of billions of dollars to a nuclear deter­ man Michael H. Walsh appears to be a name The boys and girls in Washington have to rent already more than sufficient to its task. and a face that congressional and adminis­ realize the Cold War is over, and that the The victory dividend can also be used for tration circles wlll get to know. time has passed for them to stop wasteful foreign policy objectives not achievable By most accounts, Walsh is an unlikely government spending. If they don't, the railroad man. He is a Democrat hired by a through military strength. If we took a Republican, heading a company known for country will remain on the brink of self-de­ small part of the money we spend on NA TO struction. being the first transcontinental railroad, a and applied it to debt reduction in Latin company with Washington connections when America, we would be better off morally and it was run by the late ambassador W. Averell from the standpoint of national security. [From the New York Times, May 1, 1991] Harriman and his father E.H. Harriman. There will be debate over how much of our Walsh, a graduate of Stanford University SO CALL IT A "VICTORY DIVIDEND" victory dividend should be used to reduce the and Yale Law School, was recruited by Drew (By Barney Frank) deficit, how much should go to meet social Lewis, chairman of the railroad's parent, the WASlilNGTON.-What's in a name? needs, and how much should be spent to Union Pacific Corp., and a transportation Sometimes, hundreds of billions of dollars. avoid war. But properly understood-as a secretary in the Reagan administration. In 1989, with the Russian empire crum- recognition of West's great success, rather Walsh acknowledges he hardly knew a bling, some of us in Washington argued that than as a declaration that the world is now thing about the business when Lewis ap­ the time had come to begin a shift of Ameri­ safe for pacifism-the case for a phased-in re­ proached him in 1986, just six years after his ca's resources from the worldwide military duction of military spending should not be first venture into the business world at the competition, which we are winning deci­ controversial. Cummins Engine Co. But this year he was sively, to the global civilian area where we In fact, the choice of reducing our deficit, named "Railroader of the Year" by Modern are lagging. It make no sense, we said, to inoculating our children against disease, and Railroads Magazine, based on five years of spend two to six times as much of our gross repairing our bridges and roads versus send­ continuous revenue growth and a dedication national product on the m111tary as do our ing large sums to subsidize Japan and Eu­ to quality that has shown up in reduced wealthy allies while they outsell America. It rope should be an easy one. costs from derailments and employee claims. May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9873 Walsh has shaken his railroad to its founda­ "He should be a player on the national UNIFORMED SERVICES FORMER SPOUSES PRo­ tions, challenging old ways on a railroad stage," said Sen. Timothy E. Wirth (D­ TECTION ACT FAIRNESS AMENDMENTS OF 1991 that was already highly successful. Colo. ), who said they met when Walsh was at SECTION 1 Now Walsh, with Lewis's backing, has es­ Stanford and Wirth held a similar post at Purpose: Identifies the legislation as the sentially seized control of the Association of Harvard. "We've just been pa.ls ever since." "Uniformed Services Former Spouses Pro­ American Railroads (AAR). With the AAR "He's one of the three or four most ex­ tection Act Fairness Amendments of.1991." goes the industry's political and public pol­ traordinary and energetic leaders I've met in icy apparatus, which Walsh considered mori­ my lifetime," said Rep. Peter Hoagland (D­ SECTION 2 bund and unfocused. Neb.), who said he has known Walsh since Purpose: (1) Terminates payments of re­ "I was appalled when I first went on the 1962. "He clearly has the instincts of a main­ tired pay upon remarriage of former spouses. AAR board because nothing happened," line Democrat. He views government as (2) Current payments to remarried former Walsh said. The chairmen or presidents of something that should actively improve peo­ spouses would end 180 days from enactment. the major railroads, who comprise the AAR ple's lives." (3) Defines "remarriage." board, often showed up for meetings 111-pre­ "I must say, he's a grower," said John Problem: Since its enactment in 1982, the pared, he said, defending their narrow inter­ Gardner, founder of Common Cause and an Uniformed Services Former Spouses Protec­ ests and failing to articulate a national rail­ early Walsh mentor. "He continues to grow, tion Act (FSPA) has contained no provision road political and public strategy. and I think quite remarkably in this last terminating payments of retired pay to "We were basically pretty reactive," he job." former spouses despite the remarriage of said. "The result frequently was the lowest But Gardner said Walsh "never struck me those former spouses. This is unfair to re­ common denominator." as a politician. He's a guy who has a sense of tired military members for the following The AAR has a large staff of lobbyists, what goal he's going after, and he goes after reasons: economists, researchers and technicians in it with a lot of energy, a lot of drive, a lot 1) It discriminates against retired military Washington and at the railroad research cen­ of purposefulness, not always with the pa­ members in that it is inconsistent with the ter in Pueblo, Colo. treatment of former spouses under other fed­ Walsh said his Washington odyssey began tience and the detour behavior of the politi­ cian." eral government retirement and survivor when his frustrations came blurting out at His work on Capitol Hlll during the rail­ benefit systems: an AAR board meeting in Montreal last July A. Retirement Annuities 'J:l, where he said he called himself "down­ road strike won a good review from Rep. Al right irresponsible" for not doing more and Swift (D-Wash.), chairman of the sub­ Foreign Service-Under both the Foreign said the board "ought to fish or cut bait." committee that wrote the strike-ending leg­ Service Retirement and Disability System "I think that struck a real responsive islation. "He's a pro at that kind of thing," (FSRDS), covering employees who began chord," Walsh said. There was already trou­ Swift said. service before January l, 1984, and the For­ ble in the industry, with a possible strike on However, one of Walsh's chief Washington eign Service Pension System (FSPS), cover­ the horizon. Dissatisfaction ran so deep with opponents, Thomas J. Donohue of the Amer­ ing employees who began service after Janu­ labor strategy that one of the big seven ican Trucking Associations Inc., said while ary 1, 1984, payments of retirement annuities lines, Burlington Northern, later publicly his presence and the more active role of to former spouses and upon remarriage of threatened to withdraw from national nego­ other railroad officials may be good for the the former spouse before age 55. FSRDS, 22 tiations and cut its own deal with the AAR in the short run, "in the long run, it U.S.C. 4068; FSPS, 22 U.S.C. §4071j(b)(3). unions. may be more difficult. Central Intelligence Agency-Annuities pay­ The Montreal meeting led to a dinner of "It's very hard to be a CEO in an associa­ able to former spouses are terminated upon top brass at Washington's Metropolitan Club tion of competitors . . . particularly when remarriage of the former spouse before age on Oct. 2 and a get-together at Norfolk your experience and training is in the man­ 60. 50 U.S.C. §403 note, Section 222(a)(2), Southern Railway's North Carolina resort, agement of public, for-profit companies. I Central Intelligence Agency Retirement Act the Forest, on Dec. 3, where a new strategy think Mike will find it very interesting." of 1964 for Certain Employees. unfolded to remake the AAR and to set new B. Survivor Benefits labor strategy. Military-Under the Survivor Benefit Plan The board members, many of them old-line (SBP) applicable to all military members, railroads, decided to put the rookie in UNIFORMED SERVICES FORMER annuities to widows, widowers or former charge. They appointed Walsh chairman of SPOUSES PROTECTION ACT spouses terminate if the recipient remarries the AAR, pushing long-time chairman Wil­ FAIRNESS AMENDMENTS before age 55. Payments may resume if the liam Dempsy into a new No. 2 spot, and made remarriage ends by death, divorce or annul­ Walsh spokesman for the industry. ment. However, if the recipient is also enti­ Where to go from here ls the question. "My HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN tled to an annuity under the terminated re­ view of the AAR and the industry's future is marriage, he or she must elect which one to that we've played defensive too long, but OF CALIFORNIA receive. 10 U.S.C. 1450(b). that needn't be so," he said. Civil Service.-Under both the Civil Service Walsh, 49, a daily jogger and a football IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Retirement System (CSRS), covering em­ player in college, exudes energy. He ls a ployees who began service before January 1, former White House fellow, a former assist­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 1984, and the Federal Employees' Retirement. ant dean at Stanford University, a former Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, System (FERS), covering federal employees U.S. attorney for the southern district of today I introduced the Uniformed Services who began service a~er January 1, 1984, sur­ California, an original board member of the Former Spouses Protection Act Fairness vivor benefits to former spouses are termi­ citizen lobby Common Cause, and former ex­ nated upon remarriage before age 55. CSRS, ecutive vice president at Cummins Engine. Amendments which will correct several of the 5 U.S.C. §8341(h)(3)(B); FERS, 5 U.S.C. He ls not without his critics, who dislike inequities of the 1982 Uniformed Services § 8445( c )(2). his hard-charging ways, although none would Former Spouse Protection Act, Public Law Social Security-Under the Social Security speak on the record. 97-252. system, benefits for former spouses termi­ "He's the sort of person who if he got in This legislation is similar to legislation I in­ nate upon remarriage of the former spouse. your car and the radio was on, he'd turn it troduced in the last Congress: H.R. 572, H.R. 42 u.s.c. §402 (b)(l)(H) and (C)(l)(H). off, or if it was off, he'd turn it on," said one 2277, and H.R. 2300. After the April 4, 1990 Foreign Service-For the foreign service, re­ railroad official. "He's got to immediately hearings held by the HASC Subcommittee on marriage prior to age 55 terminates survivor assert himself as the one in control." benefits. FSRDS, 22 U.S.C. §4054(b)(3), 4068; A railroad union leader called Walsh and Personnel and Compensation, I took the op­ FSPS, §4071j(b)(l), 4071(a). Lewis a dangerous pair for organized labor. portunity to re-examine all the relevant issues. Central Intelligence Agency-For the CIA, "Drew Lewis has too much influence with The result is the improved legislation that I in­ survivor annuities also end if the former the White House," he said. "Mike Walsh is troduced today. spouse remarries before age 55. 50 U.S.C. §403 an extension of that." Mr. Speaker, I have prepared a section-by­ note, Section 224, Central Intelligence Agen­ Another union official, who said Walsh section analysis of my legislation which I cy Retirement Act of 1964 for Certain Em­ "has demonstrated a tremendous amount of would like to share with my colleagues. I urge ployees. ability," said he believed that Lewis is the 2) Continuation of payments beyond re­ real power and Walsh just a front man. that all Members read this important legislation marriage of former spouses overrides any as­ Walsh, however, has many defenders and and support my efforts to restore equality and pect of financial need. Usually, remarried supporters, some of whom would like to push fairness to our military retirees, their former former spouses attain financial security by him for political office or a Cabinet post. spouses, and their second families. virtue of (i) the income of their new mar- 9874 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 riage partner or (ii) the combination of their colonel in 1991 with a base pay of $5,260 per has a statutory time beyond which the ac­ own income and that of the new marriage month. One week after the officer's retire­ tion may not be brought. Moreover, a stat­ partner. By contrast, a large majority of re­ ment, a New Mexico court ordered her to pay ute of limitations is provided under other tired military members whose pay has been 45 percent of her retired pay to her former federal government retirement systems: divided need to support second families. The spouse. The amount that must be paid is 45 1) Foreign Service-To be recognized as inequitable result is that a remarried retired percent of the retired pay of a colonel with valid under the Foreign Service Retirement member, most often in great need of his or 28 years of service, despite the fact that the and Disability System (FSRDS), a court her retired pay, must continue making pay­ former spouse had nothing to do with the of­ order directing payment of an annuity to a ments to a remarried former spouse, who ficer's career after 1981. former spouse must be issued within 24 generally no longer needs those payments for Example #2~ A Navy lieutenant com­ months of the date of the final divorce. 22 financial security. mander and his spouse were divorced in 1975. U.S.C. §4054(a)(4). 3) As currently written, FSPA is inconsist­ A California court reserved jurisdiction to 2) Central Intelligence Agency-Court or­ ent with customary notions of spousal sup­ divide the officer's retired pay as community ders giving payments from a retirement an­ port in U.S. domestic relations law. An obli­ property. In 1991 he retired as a rear admiral. nuity to former spouses must be issued with­ gation to pay alimony as support for a The retired pay of a lieutenant commander in 12 months after the divorce becomes final. former spouse generally ceases upon remar­ is $2,243 per month. The retired pay of a rear 50 U.S.C. §403 note, section 222(a)(7), Central riage of the former spouse. This has been admiral with 30 years of service is $4,490 per Intelligence Agency Retirement Act of 164 standard legal doctrine since the founding of month. Upon the officer's retirement, the for Certain Employees. this country, based on the rationale that in former spouse went back to the California Problem #2: Under FSPA, courts may not a remarriage there is a transfer of spousal courts and received a court order giving her divide a member's retired pay unless the support responsibi1ity to the new spouse. one-third of $4,490 per month rather than court has jurisdiction over the member by 4) Currently under FSPA, a former spouse one-third of $2,243. This was allowable under virtue of (i) the member's residence, other can acquire more than one payment of re­ FSPA despite the fact that she contributed than because of military assignment, in .the tired pay by divorcing after a remarriage and nothing toward the $2,247 per month increase court's territorial jurisdiction, (ii) the mem­ remarrying again. Not only is this unfair to in retired pay earned by the officer in the ber's domicile within the court's jurisdic­ the retired member(s) whose pay is being di­ final 16 years of his career. tion, or (111) the member's consent to the vided on behalf of the former spouse, but it SECTION 4 court's jurisdiction. However, it is not clear is a situation that encourages divorce. from the statute whether these jurisdic­ Example #1: After 24 years of marriage, the Purpose: Would reduce from two years to tional requirements apply only in original wife of an Army colonel deserted her hus­ one year the period during which payments divorce actions or, where retired pay was not band and three children to marry another must continue pursuant to prior retroactive considered in the original divorce and a later Army officer. ~e colonel and that officer reopenings of divorces. partition action is brought, whether jurisdic­ have subsequently retired. As part of a di­ Problem: In 1990, the lOlst Congress tion must be independently established for vorce proceeding, the former spouse was amended FSPA to prohibit certain retro­ the partition action. State courts have been awarded 40 percent of her former husband's active reopenings of divorces finalized prior inconsistent in their interpretation. In many retired pay. The former spouse and her cur­ to June 25, 1981. The conference report stated states, courts have retained jurisdiction over rent husband-both civil service employees-­ that Congress never intended FSPA to apply subseqent partition actions solely on the have good incomes, plus the current hus­ retroactively. However, the amendment stip­ basis of their jurisdiction in the original pro­ band's retired pay. Yet, the retired colonel is ulated that payments currently being made ceeding, despite the absence of any express obligated to pay 40 percent of his retired pay pursuant to such retroactively reopened di­ reservation of jurisdiction. to the former spouse for the remainder of his vorces must continue for two years from the Example #1: An Army enlisted member and or her life. date of enactment, i.e., until November 5, his spouse were divorced in 1982 in an Ari­ Example #2: An Air Force officer and for­ 1992. It is patently unfair to require two zona court. The member, who has never lived eign service officer are both divorced at age more years of payments that never should or resided in Arizona, was overseas at the 48 and retire at age 53. Pursuant to divorce have been required at all. Military members time. He did not contest the proceeding and settlements, each must pay his former now making FSPA payments were never ac­ accepted service of the divorce decree. No spouse one third of the pay received in re­ corded a similar grace period. mention was made of his retired pay. In 1989, tirement. The foreign officer's former spouse Example: In 1966, a California court found the former spouse initiated an action in Ari­ remarries at age 54, relieving the retired for­ the wife of a Navy officer to be "unfit" and zona to divide the anticipated retired pay of eign service office of the obligation to con­ awarded him custody of the couple's five the member, who was still on active duty. tinue payments. The former spouse of the children. The officer subsequently retired as Counsel for the military member made a military member also remarries at age 54 but a commander. Following enactment of special appearance in Arizona courts and ar­ the member must continue payments regard­ FSPA, the former spouse sought and eventu­ gued that the court lacked jurisdiction to di­ less of the former spouse's or member's fi­ ally was awarded a share of the officer's re­ vide his retired pay. However, the Arizona nancial conditions. tired pay, retroactive to 1966 (approximately court granted the former spouse half of the SECTION 3 $80,000) plus prospective monthly payments. Although Congress has said it never intended member's retired pay upon his retirement. Purpose: (1) Restricts awards under FSPA for FSPA to apply retroactively, the retired The court's rationale was that by accepting to an amount or percentage of the member's service the member consented to the court's officer must continue payments to his jurisdiction in the original divorce action, retired pay based on pay grade/length of former spouse until November 1992. Casas v. service at time of divorce, not retirement. (2) and that jurisdiction continued at the time Thompson, 42 Cal. 3d 131, 720 P.2d 921; cert. de­ of the partition. Ensures former spouses would receive in­ nied 479 U.S. 1012 (1986). creases based on cumulative percentage in­ Counsel for the member petitioned the De­ creases in retired pay between the divorce SECTION 5 partment of the Army not to recognize the and member's retirement. (3) Current pay­ Purpose: (1) Establishes a statute of limi­ court order based on improper jurisdiction, ments would be adjusted starting 180 days tations giving former spouses two years from under FSPA. The petition was denied by the from enactment. the date of a final divorce to seek a division chief of the legal office, Defense Finance and Problem: Under FSPA, former spouses are of retired pay under FSPA. (2) Requires that Accounting Service (Indianapolis Center), entitled to a percentage or dollar amount of in actions to divide retired pay not pre­ who wrote: "It has long been our policy that a member's retired pay calculated at the time viously divided in a final divorce decree, ju­ when a court obtains jurisdiction over a of retirement. This is true even though the di­ risdiction of the court must be established party in a divorce or separation proceeding vorce may have taken place long before the independently of the jurisdiction of the court that jurisdiction continues for any ancillary member's retirement, when the member was at the time of the original divorce proceed­ proceeding to distribute community prop­ at a lower pay grade. Thus, former spouses ing. erty since the latter action is within the often receive "windfall benefits," that is, a Problem #1: Under the current law, there scope of the jurisdiction originally con­ share in the additional monies earned by the is no limitation on the time during which ferred." military member based on continued pro­ former spouses may seek division of a mem­ Thus, the military member was impacted motions and additional lengths of service be­ ber's retired pay. Therefore, divorced mili­ by a law (FSPA) not yet in effect when he yond the divorce. This is so despite the fact tary members who may be subject to FSPA was divorced-and which might well have in­ that the former spouse contributed nothing claims must live under a shadow of uncer­ fluenced his appraisal of the jurisdictional to the member's career after the divorce. tainty about their retired pay during the issues at the time of his divorce. Example #1:5 A female Air Force officer lifetime of their former spouse. Not only is Example #2: An opposite view has been and her husband were divorced in 1981 when this unfair to retired members, but it is in­ taken in California. An Air Force officer and the officer was a major with a base pay of consistent with common legal practice. Al­ his wife were divorced in 1971 in California, $1,810 per month. The officer retired as a most every action of law, civil or criminal, with no mention made of the officer's retired May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9875 benefits. In 1983 the former spouse filed an called to active duty to make payments re­ sional organizations which not only im­ action to partition the omitted asset. The re­ sulting from a FSPA division while on active proved the operation of their office but tired member, then residing in Maryland, duty. through their achievements and awards have made a special appearance in California to Problem #1: Courts in some states have or­ brought favorable publicity to the commu­ contest the jurisdiction of the California dered active duty members to begin paying nities that they serve. court in the partition proceeding. The former spouses amounts equivalent to the Now, Therefore, I Robert H. Carnahan, former spouse argued that the court's juris­ former spouse's share of the member's an­ President of the Cedar Lake Town Council, diction continued unabated from the 1971 di­ ticipated retired pay. Such courts have rea­ Cedar Lake, Indiana, do recognize the week vorce proceeding. soned that if military retired pay is divisible of May 5 through May 11, 1991, as Municipal The court ruled that the former spouse's property, it is possible to calculate a current Clerks' Week, and further extend apprecia­ action for division of community property is value of the former spouse's portion. As a re­ tion to our Municipal Clerk, Geraldine H. a "separate and independent action" for sult of such decisions, many members have Kortokrax, and to all Municipal Clerks for which jurisdiction must be newly acquired. decided to retire early or leave the service the vital services they perform and their ex­ Citing the jurisdictional requirements of before qualifying for retirement. emplary dedication to the communities they FSPA, the court further held that since the Example: A Navy captain and physician-a represent. retired member neither consented to Califor­ department head at a major Navy hospital­ nia's jurisdiction nor resided in the state, ju­ had 23 years of service when a California risdiction was lacking. Tarvin v. Tarvin, 187 court ordered him to pay part of his active TRIBUTE TO KENNETH GILBERT Cal. App.3<1 56 (1986). duty pay to his former spouse as "current SECTION 6 value" retirement benefits. He had been planning to spend 30 years in the Navy. But HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY Purpose: Make more specific the current OF RHODE ISLAND prohibition on division of veterans' disabil­ under the strain of the premature payments, ity compensation. he retired early, depriving the Navy of a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES highly skilled and trained asset. Thursday, May 2, 1991 Problem: Since its enactment, FSPA has Problem #2: Numerous retirees were re­ excluded veterans' disability compensation Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ from the definition of "disposable retired called to active duty during Operation pay" subject to division as property. This po­ Desert Shield/Storm. In many cases, former tinct pleasure to congratulate Kenneth Gilbert, sition has been upheld by the U.S. Supreme spouses receiving FSPA payments petitioned of Central Falls, RI, this year's recipient of the Court, which held that FSPA does not give for the continuation of payments out of ac­ Congressman Ronald K. Machtley Academic state courts the power to treat, as property tive duty pay. The military finance center and Leadership Excellence Award for Central divisible upon divorce, military retired pay refused to do this. However, some members who have been making FSPA payments were Falls High School, in Central Falls, RI. that has been waived to receive veterans dis­ forced to comply with court orders requiring This award is presented to the student cho­ ability benefits. Mansell v. Mansell, 109 S. Ct. them to continue paying the same amount sen by Central Falls High School who dem­ 2023 (May 30, 1989). However, numerous state onstrates a mature blend of academic courts have ignored both FSPA and the Su­ from active duty pay. All FSPA payments preme Court on this issue and continue to should cease upon recall, since the member achievement, community involvement, and no longer is in receipt of retired pay. (FSPA leadership qualities. issue orders dividing disability pay. payments begin again upon the member's de­ Example #1: In the Mansell case, Air Force Kenneth Gilbert has more than fulfilled this parture from active duty.) The proposed criteria. He is a member of the National Honor Major Gerald Mansell in 1983 sought modi­ amendment would prevent courts from or­ fication of a property settlement agreement dering recalled members to make payments Society and shares top rank in his graduating in which he had agreed (at the time of the di­ based on a FSPA award while in receipt of class. He also has participated on the soccer vorce in 1979) to pay his former spouse half of active duty pay. team and in the school band. In addition, he his disability benefits in addition to half of was a leader in the school model legislature his retired pay. After losing in the California courts, Maj. Mansell appealed to the U.S. Su­ and received a second grant at the Rhode Is­ preme Court and won. The matter was re­ MUNICIPAL CLERKS' WEEK land State Science Fair. He has also received manded to the California courts for further the Hugh O'Brian Youth Leadership Award for proceedings consistent with the U.S. Su­ HON. JIM JON'IZ school leadership and excellence in social preme Court decision. However, on jurisdic­ OF INDIANA studies. tional grounds, the California Court of Ap­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I commend Kenneth Gilbert for his outstand­ peal reinstated the community property di­ ing achievements and wish him all the best in vision of the disability pay. The California Thursday, May 2, 1991 his future endeavors. Supreme Court denied review. Counsel for Mr. JONTZ. Mr. Speaker, I would like to Maj. Mansell has had to petition the U.S. Su­ preme Court for a writ of mandamus or for have the following proclamation which the direct entry of judgment. Cedar Lake Town Council recently passed to INTRODUCTION OF A BILL TO PRO­ Example #2: In 1987 in New Mexico-10 recognize the important contributions of our VIDE FOR CLEAN UP OF years after a couple were divorced-the Nation's municipal clerks printed in the CON­ HARZARDOUS MATERIALS AT former spouse sought to divide the retired GRESSIONAL RECORD. MILITARY BASES SCHEDULED TO member's previously undivided military re­ PROCLAMATION: MUNICIPAL CLERKS' WEEK: CLOSE tired pay, including disability pay. A trial MAY 5 THROUGH MAY 11, 1991 court granted, and appeals court affirmed, Whereas, it is imperative to the demo­ HON. GARY CONDIT the division of disability pay. Following the cratic process that a well-informed citizenry Mansell decision, the member sought to mod­ OF CALIFORNIA participate in the operation of their local IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ify the trial court's decision. Both at the government; and trial level and on subsequent appeal, the New Thursday, May 2, 1991 Mexico courts refused to give retroactive ap­ Whereas, the Office of Municipal Clerk pro­ vides the communication link between the plication to Mansell despite the fact that the Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ FSPA prohibition on including disability pay citizen, the local government legislative troduce legislation that addresses a very seri­ body and administrative departments, and as part of divisible retired pay had been in agencies of government at other levels; and ous problem facing a community in my con­ effect four years before the former spouse Whereas, the Municipal Clerks serve as the gressional district and other communities commenced her action to divide the mem­ information center on the functions of their around the country. As you know, the Depart­ ber's retired pay. Toupal v. Toupal, 109 NM local government by making available the ment of Defense recently announced a list of 774, 790 P.2d 1055 (1990). records of local government, distribution of military bases proposed for closure as part of SECTION 7 published materials and reports, presen­ the military build down mandated under the Purpose: (1) Prohibits courts from ordering tations before community and school groups, Defense Base Closures and Realignments any payments under FSPA from active duty and answering questions on the government Act. pay. (2) Prohibits courts from ordering any activities and programs; and pre-retirement payments equivalent to Whereas, the Municipal Clerks and their Castle Air Force Base, located in my con­ amounts a member could be required to pay staff have upon their own initiative partici­ gressional district, is among those bases pro­ under FSPA had the member retired and pated in education programs, seminars, posed by the Defense Department to be began receiving retired pay. (3) Prohibits workshops and the annual meetings of their closed. While I have some doubts about the courts from ordering retired members re- state, province, and international profes- criteria used to determine which bases should 9876 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 be closed, the legislation that I am introducing to each military installation described in The problem is, IRCA prohibits legalized today addresses a problem that will face the subsection (b)- aliens from receiving many forms of public as­ community of Atwater should the Defense (1) before the installation is closed or sub­ sistance for a 5-year period. Base Closure and Realignment Commission stantial reductions in its operations have oc­ curred, at least 75 percent of the remedial ac­ So when President Bush declared on Fetr decide that Castle should indeed close. tion required on the installation pursuant to ruary 11 that an emergency existed in freeze­ Castle Air Force Base is on the national pri­ the Comprehensive Environmental Response, ravaged California counties, many of these orities list developed under the Comprehen­ Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 families-in the United States legally through sive Environmental Response, Compensation, U.S.C. 9601 et seq.) shall be completed; and IRCA-were not eligible for available emer­ and Liability Act of 1980. This so-called (2) not later than two years after the in­ gency help. Superfund site has 36 identified hazardous stallation is closed or substantial reductions My bill would lift that ban in time of a feder­ waste sites. The contamination includes in its operations have occurred, all of the re­ ally declared emergency, such as exists now trichloroethylene (TCE), benzene, medial action required on the installation in California. tetrachloroethylene (PCE), cis 1,2- pursuant to such Act shall be completed. (b) APPLICABILITY.-This Act applies to I understand and support the reasoning be­ Dichloroethylene, chloroform, 1,22- each military installation- hind the 5-year ban required through IRCA. dichloroethane, vinyl chloride, carbon tetra­ (!) which is on the National Priorities List However, in times of emergency it's only right chloride, and chloromethane. All of these sutr under the Comprehensive Environmental Re­ that people be allowed to receive help. My bill stances are contaminating the soil and water sponse, Compensation, and Liability Act of makes that help available only in cases of in and around Castle Air Force Base. 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.); and · emergency declared by the President and only Under the 1980 law, if Castle AFB is closed (2) which is to be closed pursuant to title for the prescribed length of the emergency. and the contamination not cleaned up, the ex­ Il of the Defense Authorization Amendments Another extremely frustrating component of isting buildings at Castle AFB could be rented and Base Closure and Realignment Act (Pub­ the crop freeze is that immigration status is or leased to businesses or industry. However, lic Law 1~526; 10 U.S.C. 2687 note), pursuant to the Defense Base Closure and Realign­ not a criterion for some publicly available as­ no new construction could take place and ment Act of 1990 (part A of title XXIX of sistance, but many families have stayed away none of the land could be sold. Obviously, Public Law 101-510), or otherwise by the De­ from getting help for fear of reprisal. these restrictions would only add to the eco­ partment of Defense. Compounding this problem, the Immigration nomic turmoil in the community. There is no (c) DEFINITIONS.-In this Act: and Naturalization Service has been unwilling doubt that the closing of a military base brings (1) The term "military installation" means or unable to issue a clear directive on this economic trouble to a community. However, I a base, camp, post, station, yard, center, issue. believe that it is our responsibility to ensure homeport facility for any ship, or other ac­ This lack of a clear signal has had a chilling that these communities are given every oppor­ tivity under the jurisdiction of the Secretary effect on many farm workers and their families tunity to convert their economies and attract of a military department. (2) The term "remedial action" has the in need who for all intents and purposes have industry to maintain viability. In the case of meaning given that term by section 101 of stayed in hiding. Castle AFB the availability of the land and fa­ the Comprehensive Environmental Response, My bill sends that clear signal. It tells legal cilities for other purposes will be instrumental Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (41 aliens in need that during times of disaster in the ability of the community to rebound from u.s.c. 9601) . . they can get public assistance with no strings the impact of the base closure. attached. In addition to the· economic problems facing There will be no reprisal. Their immigration the community there are some very serious INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION status won't be jeopardized. Their families health considerations that must be kept in SUSPENDING BAN ON PUBLIC AS­ won't go hungry. They won't be turned out of mind. The water supply for the city of Atwater SISTANCE FOR LEGALIZED their homes. has already been contaminated by substances ALIENS IN TIMES OF NATIONAL We in the United States have a moral obli­ used on the base. In fact in 1987 the Air EMERGENCY gation to assist people within our borders in Force gave the city nearly $1 million to build times of crisis. Here is an opportunity to do a well for the city because the city's well had HON. CALVIN DOOLEY that. been contaminated. While the current water OF CALIFORNIA I urge my colleagues to join me in support­ supply is still usable, the ground water supply IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing this legislation. is quickly being tainted and eventually this [From the New York Times, Apr. 8, 1991) new well will also be contaminated. Clearly, Thursday, May 2, 1991 IN FREEZE'S WAKE, DESPERATION FOR CITRUS this is a situation that must be addressed. Mr. DOOLEY. Mr. Speaker, today I have in­ WORKERS Mr. Speaker, this legislation will ensure that troduced legislation that would make legalized (By Robert Reinhold) the Federal Government fulfills its responsibil­ aliens eligible to receive public assistance in ExETER, CALIF., April 5.-Since they were ity to those communities that lose military times of federally declared national emer­ youngsters, Jose and Delia Ayon toiled bases and are left with contaminated unusable gency. under the California sun to pick and pack land. Specifically, the bill requires that 75 per­ The need for this legislation was made the fruits and vegetables that fill American cent of the clean up activity be completed be­ abundantly clear in my district in central Cali­ supermarkets. Now they cannot get enough food for their seven children, and they face fore the base closes or a substantial reduction fornia when a deep freeze struck in late De­ in force and operations occurs. The bill then losing the small house they built with their cember, wiping out citrus and other cold-sen­ own hands. requires that the remaining 25 percent be sitive crops and sending a devastating shiver The Ayons and thousands of other farm completed within the following 2 years. With­ through the farm-based economy of the re­ workers in similar straits are part of a out this legislation these areas could become gion. human calamity that is unfolding across the vast wastelands. My bill gives communities An excellent account of the effects of the San Joaquin Valley in central California as a facing the loss of their economic base the o~ freeze is a story that appeared in the New result of the freeze in December that de­ portunity to rebuild and revitalize by ensuring York Times on April 8, which I am entering stroyed the orange and lemon crops, and put thousands out of work. a timely clean up of hazardous waste. I urge into the RECORD. my colleagues to join me in supporting this im­ Eviction notices, foreclosures, desperation, Most of the 15,000 people put out of work shame and hunger are sweeping through portant legislation. by the freeze were farm workers, many of communities like this, overwhelming relief A copy of the legislation follows: whom are legalized aliens through the Immi­ workers. H.R.- gration Reform and Control Act of 1986 "I have never seen anything like this be­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ [IRCA]. fore," said Lali Moheno, a community serv­ resentatives of the United States of America in In a span of 2 chilling weeks, many of these ices aide who has spent 22 years working Congress assembled, farm worker families lost their sole means of with migrant farm workers. "This is the SECl10N 1. CLEANUP SCHEDULE FOR CERTAIN first time I've wanted to quit work. We are BASES ON SUPERFUND NATIONAL support. They suddenly were in desperate physically worn out. None of us have ever ex­ PRIORITIES LIST. need of items like food-including infant for­ perienced such a disaster." (a) CLEANUP SCHEDULE FOR CERTAIN BASES mula-and required help in making rent and Unlike earthquakes, floods and other such ON NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST.-With respect mortgage payments and paying utility bills. disasters, the citrus freeze has inflicted its May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9877 devastation slowly. It is only now, as work­ low-income people. Normally, this would be Given their immigration status, the Cruzes ers run out of savings and realize there will the busiest time of the year for Mr. Ayon, hesitated to apply for food stamps. But with be little work for another year or more, that who used to earn about $300 a week plucking no savings and a family · of crying mouths, the enormity of the misfortune has begun to navel oranges from October until May, when they risked it. The family is trying to decide sink in. the Valencias start. whether to sell the house and return to Mex­ Families, almost entirely Mexicans and But since Mr. Ayon was laid off in Janu­ ico for now. Mexican-Americans, line up at a food bank ary, the family has relied on unemployment Little relief is in sight. here, one of 50 in Tulare County. They are so insurance and Aid to Families with Depend­ Given the damage to the citrus trees, only hungry that they can often be seen breaking ent Children, a Government program for low­ 60 percent to 70 percent of the usual crop is open the weekly rations as they leave. income people. They are a month behind on expected to be harvested later this year and Leaders of FoodLink, the not-for-profit paying the mortgage, $313 a month including next. This means that unemployment and agency that supplies the banks, estimate taxes and insurance, and they talk of closing deprivation will be the norm here long after they provide only one-third of the food that the house, pulling the children out of school the sun has warmed the orange and lemon is needed, and they say infants are lacking and going to Oregon and Washington to pick groves of central California. adequate nourishment because their mothers cherries and apples this summer and fall. use dried milk instead of formula, which is "We don't want to lose this house," said out of their financial reach. Mrs. Ayons, as six of her seven children lis­ Particularly poignant is the plight of the tened in their small living room, decorated MARY VANNESS OF GLENS FALLS, thousands of Mexican families who, under with family pictures. "Who will rent to NY: ELKS "MOTHER OF THE terms of the amnesty granted under immi­ seven kids? This place was like a palace for YEAR'' gration law, are barred from applying for us. We were making it O.K." public assistance, including welfare and food Mrs. Ayon has taken to making her own stamps, ·for five years. Faced with hungry tortillas, and the children have had to for­ HON. GERALD B.H. SOWMON children, many have risked applying any­ sake after-school snacks. way, or have returned to Mexico. Saving families like the Ayons from home­ OF NEW YORK The crisis has produced a level of coopera­ lessness has become the top priority for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion between employers and workers that United Way and other social-service agen­ people on both sides say is without parallel cies. "It has reached the breaking point," Thursday, May 2, 1991 in California agriculture in the last half-cen­ said Cathi Lamp, an economist and nutri­ Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, mothers have tury. Within days of the freeze, an Agricul­ tionist at the cooperative extension and always been at the heart of American families. tural Workers Freeze Relief Task Force was president of the FoodLink board. "Rent and formed; it now includes 80 people represent­ utilities are the first priority; food is a close There is no more important human relation­ ing 52 organizations and businesses in Tulare second. It's cheaper to keep them in their ship than the one everyone has with his moth­ County. Owners of closed packing houses homes than to get back on their feet if er. It's why we put so much importance on have solicited food donations throughout the they're homeless." Mothers' Day in America, and that's why we state, and trucking companies have provided Carolyn Rose, executive director of Com­ have popular songs celebrating love and af­ trucks to distribute it. munity Services and Employment Training, fection for mothers. Help from the Federal Government has a private not-for-profit community action And that is why I am proud to bring to your been slow, but now appears to be forthcom­ organization that operates in Tulare County, attention Mrs. Mary VanNess, Glens Falls Elks ing. At the request of Gov. Pete Wilson, said that more than 2, 700 families had re­ President Bush has declared a state of emer­ quested help with housing and utility pay­ Lodge Number 81 Mother of the Year. She will gency in 33 counties, and officials here say ments and that the agency could help only be honored at a public reception this Sunday. that on Monday or Tuesday the President is 200. She said landlords and lenders had been Mr. Speaker, a book could be written about expected to sign an order authorizing emer­ extraordinarily lenient, but were close to ex­ the adversity Mrs. VanNess overcame, about gency housing aid for up to a year from the hausting their capacity. the personal sacrifices she made, and about Federal Emergency Management Agency. In addition, utility companies have been the strength and compassion she displayed Housing has become the most critical quite generous, she said. The Pacific Gas and when those qualities were needed most. issue, as families are forced to double and Electric Company, for example, has set up a The proudest jewels on her crown are her triple up and landlords face foreclosures on special $25,000 fund to forgive the bills of the children. The health and well-being of her loans. unemployed. She said the Federal emergency Graphic reminders of the freeze that hit housing aid was desperately needed. sons William and Tom and daughter Gail have from Dec. 21 to 25 are everywhere. Millions of HELP APPROACHES ITS LIMIT always been her greatest rewards. She has never sought praise for herself. Nevertheless, navel and Valencia oranges lie rotting in the As for food, Sandy Beals, executive direc­ groves throughout Tulare, Fresno and Kern tor of FoodLink for Tulare County, said the Mr. Speaker, I ask you and everyone in this Counties, the center of the citrus industry. not-for-profit agency was stretched to the Congress to join me in paying tribute to Mrs. The loss to the growers was $500 million, and limit. "The typical family comes in and says Mary VanNess, Glens Falls Elks Mother of the packers and shippers lost $500 million, said it has no food," she said. "They get a 35- Year. Curtis D. Lynn, Tulare County director for pound food basket for a week. For a family I will be pleased to place in today's RECORD the University of California Cooperative Ex­ of eight, that does not last long. Children are tension in Visalia. an article on Mrs. VanNess by my local news­ going to school hungry." paper, the Glens Falls Post-Star. He estimates that the freeze killed 52 mil­ Worker advocates have been moved at the lion cartons of navel oranges, 46 million car­ response to the workers' troubles by employ­ MARY VANNESS CHOSEN ELKS' MOTHER-OF­ tons of valencia oranges and 5 million car­ ers like Sunkist Growers, LoBue Brothers THE-YEAR tons of lemons. Mr. Lynn said there also was and Shropshire Trucking, and by the Farm Glens Falls Elks Lodge No. 81 has chosen extensive damage to other crops, including Bureau Federation, which represents grow­ its annual mother-of-the-year candidate, avocados, olives, pistachios, sugar beets and ers. Relations between the bureau, as a rep­ Mrs. Mary VanNess of Glens Falls, to be hon­ winter vegetables. resentative of the employers, and labor rep­ ored at a public reception at 2 p.m., Sunday, More than 15,000 pickers and packers were resenting the workers have often been bitter May5. laid off almost immediately, and the ripple in previous years. In the words of her children, "She hasn't effect has been ruinous for groceries, res­ In all this, one group remains in Um~ been only the 'best mom in the world,' but taurants, clothing stores and countless other the thousands of Mexican families who also the best friend, dad and whatever else businesses in Exeter and nearby towns, in­ claimed amnesty after the 1987 immigration our needs have been, not only to her family cluding Lindsay, Tulare and Visalia, the law was enacted. They jeopardize their sta­ but to everyone else." county seat. Unemployment in Tulare Coun­ tus here if they apply for many public assist­ A living testimony to this mother's deter­ ty was 21.7 percent in February, compared to ance programs to cope with the freeze. mination and influence is the success of her 12.3 percent a year ago. Soledad and Herminio Cruz from Oaxaca children. Her oldest son, William VanNess, is That statistic includes Delia and Jose state in southeastern Mexico, for example, an investigator for the Warren County Sher­ Ayon. have lived in Exeter for eight years, picking iff's Department. Her younger son, Tom, is WATCHING GAINS DISAPPEAR fruit. They took amnesty and two years ago employed by the Town of Queensbury High­ After years of deprivation, living in mi­ bought a small house behind a chain-link way Department and her daughter, Gail, is a grant camps and tiny, cramped apartments, fence on the edge of town, where they live work leader at C.R. Bard on Bay Road. the Ayons found a measure of dignity when with their four children, ages 15 months to 10 The reception is open to the public and they built their own house three years ago years. Mrs. Cruz is pregnant with a fifth anyone wishing to attend and honor VanNess with help from a Government program for child. is welcome. 9878 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 THE 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE Mr. Speaker, I am honored to join the peo­ stay constant, we would recover slightly POLISH CONSTITUTION ple of Polish ancestry in my district, as well as more than one- half of one percent of our throughout our country in paying tribute to the daily requirements from the Outer Continen­ tal Shelf by 2010, slightly more than two per­ HON. HELEN DEUCH BEN11EY Polish ConstiMion Day. I can only hope that cent by 2015. this struggle for independence will prove to be For that, are we going to litter the coasts OF MARYLAND permanent and longlasting. of America with hundreds of submarine toxic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES waste sites and major oil spills waiting to happen? Thursday, May 2, 1991 MICHAEL FISCHER ON THE The second example is worse. The Strategy Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ENVffiONMENT also recommends opening the Arctic Na­ take this time to commemorate the 200th anni­ tional Wildlife Refuge to drilling. This vast versary of the Polish Constitution. Tomorrow is HON. ANDREW JACOM, JR. and as-yet-unspoiled ecosystem has been a time to recognize the Polish heritage of rightly called the American Serengeti. It is OF INDIANA the calving ground for 180,000 caribou. It is commitment to freedom, justice, and equality. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the habitat for dozens of rare Arctic species. This constiMion, second in history only to Thursday, May 2, 1991 It is the repository of an incredibly diverse our own, was to be the sole catalyst that gene pool. In short, it is a part of our natural helped initiate profound change and social Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, I place in the heritage, a national treasure, a living re­ progress in Eastern Europe. Poland desired RECORD a speech given in Indianapolis by Mi­ membrance of times when humans were just the same liberties for their country as we in chael Fischer, executive director of the Sierra one factor in Nature-not the dominant fac­ the United States-democracy. The Polish doc­ Club. tor. Mr. Fischer speaks plainly, logically, alarm­ The Department of the Interior's own esti­ ument of freedom, similar to our Declaration of mates for the total capacity of the Arctic Independence, envisioned all the ideals of de­ ingly and-if the Nation will only awake~ National Wildlife Refuge is 3.57 billion bar­ mocracy that we hold dear: hopefully. rels of oil. Total. "All power in civil society is derived from the ADDRESS BY MICHAEL FISCHER, EXECUTIVE DI­ That amount would supply the country's will of the people." RECTOR, SIERRA CLUB, EDWARD A. BLOCK needs for 210.5 days. That's 30 weeks. Seven On this day in May, the Polish Sejm, or na­ FORUM SERIES, APRIL 14, 1991 months. A bit over half a year. tional legislature, adopted the procedure of I. INTRODUCTION And the Interior Department pegs the chances of actually finding economically re­ maintaining control through checks and bal­ Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, good evening. coverable oil there at 46 percent. Less than ances by dividing the Polish Government into one in two. three separate and equal authorities: legisla­ I come to you tonight with two news items regarding America's energy policy, one sur­ And for that, are we going to turn the last tive, executive, and judicial. The most remark­ prising and one sad. remaining pristine Arctic ecosystem pro­ able achievement of the Polish Constitution, First the surprise. Groups who have been tected by law into Houston North? For seven proved to be the ability to nonviolently reform traditional adversaries in the energy de­ months worth of oil that we may actually the existing government. bate-the environmental community and the never see? The concept of modern democracy, which present administration-say that their goals In short, this is not a National Energy Strategy but a National Energy Tragedy. included all ranks and classes of society, for the nation's energy supplies are iden­ tical: independence, affordability, long-term And reaction to it has been an almost uni­ quickly became established in Poland. Eco­ versal condemnation. nomic and social restrictions which discrimi­ security, and compatibility with a clean en­ vironment. The environmental community is unani­ nated against the rights of the middle-class The sad part is that only one group means mous in deploring the strategy's arrogant and peasantry, were loosened. Eventually, it-and we're not the group writing energy irrationality and obvious pandering to the they were given full civil rights through policy. oil, automobile, and nuclear energy special Kosciuszko's proclamation, "Uniwersal The National Energy Strategy proposed by interests. But we are not alone. Polaniecki." · the President's advisers in February has The energy research and consulting com­ On May 3, 1791, this constitution enabled three elements: munity has expressed mystification about 1. Drain America dry; why it ignores the largest opportunities for Poland to enjoy freedom from an oligarchic an improved energy future. rule. Unfortunately, there independence was 2. Blow it out our tailpipes; and 3. To hell with our kids. The nation's largest utilities have decried short lived. Only 1 year later, hostile foreign A fourth element is the resurrection of the its shortsightedness and neglect of obvious aggressors began partitioning Poland. The technologically and economically bankrupt opportunities for improved economic per­ country actually disappeared from the map, nuclear energy industry. I admit this last formance. but not from the hearts of those who believed element is a shot in the arm for the Three And even the administration itself cannot Poland would again one day be an independ­ Mile Island Chamber of Commerce and the present a unified front on this one. Secretary ent nation. Chernobyl Ministry of Tourism, but I wonder of Energy James Watkins, hardly an envi­ if we, as a society, really want to take this ronmental poster child, is reported to have While the Constitution lasted for only 1 year, said that this absurd document cannot even the independence it guaranteed influenced risk again. The so-called National Energy "Strategy" pass the environmental "Laugh Test." their lives for centuries. After years of foreign emphasizes exactly those sources of energy The policy as it now stands is a monument dominance and martial law, the Poles are fi­ that are the least cost-efficient, the most to selfishness, greed, poor stewardship, and nally making strives towards autonomy. In the subject to political disruption, the most pol­ the deification of the status quo. But if it spirit of this Constitution, the desire for free­ luting, and that are absolutely guaranteed to were only that, it would still be, as environ­ dom, and pride in the Polish nationality, mod­ begin running out during the lifetimes of our mental assaults go, unremarkable. em Poland is now progressing towards their children. No, the thing that sets this effort apart is that it represents an active and purposeful dream of democracy. Two quantifiable examples of American en­ ergy supply and use symbolize the thinking attempt to prevent us from developing the The people of Poland have waited a long two major energy resources we have that ac­ time to see their country take the necessary about energy manifest in this incredible doc­ ument. tually will help us achieve our energy goals. steps toward economic, political, and religious The first example concerns opening the If energy independence and environmentally stability. The belief that they would one day be Outer Continental Shelf to oil drilling, one sustainable economic development are the able to reestablish these freedoms through of the Strategy's recommendations. The desired ends, then conservation and renew­ their constitution, sustained them through the forecast contained in the National Energy able resources are by far the most rational darkest hours of their history. Strategy for production from the Outer Con­ means of achieving them. Yet if you look for any shadow of a The celebration of the 3d of May Constitt.r tinental Shelf is 0.1 million barrels per day by the year 2010, plateauing at 0.4 million subtantive commitment to these two in the tion in 1991, represents the bravery of millions National Energy Strategy, you will look in of Poles who fought for democracy and free­ barrels per day by 2015. These are the govern­ ment's own numbers. vain. dom. We must take the time to give Poland But let's put that in perspective. The Unit­ II. CONSERVATION AND RENEWABLES our support, and let them know that the entire ed States uses approximately 17 million bar­ The argument for renewable sources of en­ free world is watching and praying for their rels of oil per day right now. In 1991. If by ergy is obvious. The Natural Resources De­ success. some miracle our oil consumption were to fense Council's report on "Looking for Oil in May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9879 All the Wrong Places" calculates that the makers were perfectly happy turning out tion. But that means that when supplies total available energy supply in the U.S. gas-guzzling brontosaurs. Fuel was cheap, start to dwindle or increase in cost, we will from renewable resources is the equivalent of and the determining factor in sales success find ourselves very much behind-behind 9.6 billion barrels of oil. had more to do with styling than with the more efficient competitors; behind in re­ The total U.S. consumption of oil now engineering prowess. search and development for a less energy in­ stands at 6.2 billion barrels per year. In other In the '70s, the oil shocks gave the U.S. tensive economy; behind in our implicit words, we could clearly meet a substantial auto industry its first dose of spinach. Con­ commitment to ur families to leave them a portion of our energy needs using renewables gress, alarmed at the cars lining up at gas world they can live in; firmly behind the if we would only make the commitment. stations nationwide proposed legislation in eight ball. And this is not just a theoretical argu­ 1974 that would double the Corporate Auto 2. We Know How Much Conservation Costs ment. In testimony before the Senate Com­ Fuel Economy or CAFE standards, essen­ Second, we know exactly how much it will mittee on Energy and Natural Resources, a tially on average miles per gallon require­ cost to exploit these conservation oil fields. vice president at a major California utility ment for an entire fleet. In a recent Op-Ed piece in The New York made the following statement: The auto industry said it was technically Times, Amory and Hunter Lovins sketched a The contribution [renewables] could make impossible. Achieving a 27.5 miles per gallon picture of how we might rationally improve to solving energy problems is substantially CAFE standard by the year 198~a 100 per­ the energy efficiency of our economy. Given underestimated. We have found, for example, cent improvement in 10 years-was not fea­ the tremendous savings achievable through that the solar thermal generation tech­ sible. A Ford spokesperson said: energy efficient cars, industrial processes, nology existing today, if concentrated in one "[It] would require a Ford product line and buildings, they state categorically that relatively small and remote desert valley in consisting of either all sub-Pinto-sized vehi­ the U.S. economy could be run at its present California, could technically supply all of cles, or some mix of vehicles ranging from a level of productivity on 20 percent of the oil the electrical needs for the state. sub-sub-compact to perhaps a Maverick." it now consumes. For the entire state. For the world's thir­ History has shown how false and self-inter­ And that the cost of saving that oil would teenth-largest economy. This is an astound­ ested that testimony was. And as soon as the be five dollars per barrel. Think about it. Is ing piece of news. oil pressure was off, advances in fuel effi­ that a good trade, to spend 25 percent more Yet there is no substantial commitment to ciency stagnated. per barrel of oil, but to use 80 pecent less oil? renewable resources anywhere to be found in Today, the pressure is increasing again. Sounds good to me. the National Energy Strategy. Yet when the industry is asked to raise 3. We See Other Economic Benefits The conservation argument can be summed CAFE standards to 40 miles per gallon-a 40 up simply. It is time to stop choosing the ex­ percent increase, not 100 percent-we heard The Third advantage to conservation is pensive, risky, and environmental malignant the same old song. They claim it is not tech­ that it encourages the development of new option of drilling for new supplies of oil. It is nically feasible by the year 2000, which is the technologies that could help America de­ time to start drilling the enormous oil fields target date set by Nevada Senator Richard velop and sustain new, long-term export that exist under Detroit, and under every Bryan's Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Act. markets that will make us a stronger world commercial and residential building in But that is worse than disingenuous. trading partner. America. Today-even * * * as * * * we * * * speak­ The former West Germany has shown how The advantages of drilling these conserva­ prototype automobiles exist that get be­ this can work. For various reasons, the West tion oil fields are obvious. tween twice and three times that figure. German economy uses a lot of coal for en­ First, we know exactly where they are and Toyota has produced a five passenger vehicle ergy. As the consequences of polluting their how big they are. The expensive and time­ that gets 98 miles per gallon. Renault has a atmosphere with the byproducts of coal com­ consuming process of looking for economi­ car that gets 121 miles per gallon. And bustion became clear, they started an inten­ cally recoverable oil actually in the ground Volkswagen has produced an auto that gets sive program to develop smokestack "scrub­ out there can be avoided. 128 miles per gallon. bers" that removed these toxins. Second, we know exactly how much it will These are not plans or concepts. They are It was a significant investment. But today, cost to exploit these conservation oil fields, functioning cars made out of steel and com­ Germany is the world's leading exporter of and that these costs will go down over time. posites and rubber wheeling around test those scrubbers. And they find themselves For actual oil exploration and conventional tracks in foreign countries. firmly in the diver's seat in a market that power generation, on the other hand, the And the U.S. auto industry can't manage can do nothing but grow as air pollution costs vary significantly. And they are, on av­ 40 miles per gallon? standards become stricter. erage, increasing with time as supplies dwin­ Other conservation oil fields exist, of Effective conservation requires all kinds of dle. course. They exist under factories, under other technologies. Superefficient electric Third, we know that drilling Detroit yields houses, under public and commercial build­ motors used in industrial processes. Continu­ tremendous economic benefits in terms of re­ ings, and almost anywhere energy is used. ously Variable Transmissions for vehicles. duced costs for each unit of GNP and the for­ And this brings us to an interesting 50/50 rule High-mileage power plants for cars and mation of major, long-term export markets being used in the National Energy Strategy. trucks. Economical jet engines for commer­ for the technologies of energy efficiency. We It is estimated that about 50 percent of all cial aviation. Insulation technologies for don't hamstring the rest of the economy for the energy used in the United States is wast­ building construction. High-output photo­ the benefit of the oil, auto, and nuclear lob­ ed, through transmission, through inefficient voltaic cells and new wind-turbine designs bies. motors, through poorly insulated walls and for electrical generation. Super windows Fourth, we know exactly what kind of en­ windows, and so on. Yet the present adminis­ with insulation values similar to those of vironmental damage we will do exploiting tration offered Congress a budget request walls* * * them: zero. We don't have to mount a con­ that cuts the Federal energy conservation The list goes on and on. And European and certed assault on Mother Earth, to do every­ program by 50 percent. Japanese companies are already beginning to thing we can to make our biological lives in­ The program that could save us 50 percent cash in on this development bonanza. creasingly toxic and dangerous, meanwhile of all the energy we use has been cut by 50 But why should we forfeit these markets­ mouthing platitudes about maintaining our percent. 50/50. Does that make sense to you? markets which bear every promise of creat­ economic quality of life. The Natural Resources Defense Council has ing thousands of new jobs and helping our And Fifth, we know that drilling Detroit shown the relative performance of conserva­ balance of trade-to countries that are our and its subsidiary formations actually tion and efficiency versus drilling for new economic competitors? Why should we ham­ achieves the goals that the National Energy domestic oil reserves. Their analysis as­ string an economic future of prolonged and Tragedy espouses, but in fact places forever sumes that the largest estimate of the genuine growth so that the oil, automobile, beyond our reach. amount of oil is true, and it assumes that en­ and nuclear industries can enjoy a brief and Let's take these in order. ergy services will be provided on a least-cost artificially subsidized moment of prosperity? 1. We Know Where and How Big The Oil Fields basis. I can't think of any reasons for pursuing Are Their message is clear. By the year 2020, this foolish policy. And I certainly cannot First, we know exactly where conservation when the oil in the Outer Continental Shelf find any rational arguments inside the Na­ oil fields are, and how big they are. and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge will tional Energy Strategy itself. And the biggest one sits under Detroit. The run out in the most optimistic scenario, effi­ 4. We Know The Environmental Costs relationship of Detroit to fuel efficiency re­ ciency and conservation would be saving us The Fourth reason for drilling Detroit is minds me of the relationship between some 9.25 million barrels of oil every day. that the cost of doing so-measured in either kids and spinach: it's good for them, but And the administration wants to cut the dollars or environmental degradation-is so they hate it. conservation budget by 50 percent? low. In the 1950s and '60s, when Americas energy The so-called National Energy Strategy First the dollars. If you look at the horizons appeared to be limitless, the auto- commits us to lives of increasing consump- amount of energy provided by various meth- 9880 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 ods of generation, and then divide those egy claims to support, but in fact makes im­ I want you to pick up that list, take it amounts by the dollars of federal subsidy, possible. home with you or to your office, and phone you obtain an interesting snapshot of how we There are four of goals that the adminis­ them tomorrow, telling them you support are wasting our monetary resources to sub­ tration espouses for our energy supplies: the Bryan bill on vehicle fuel efficiency. sidize the waste of our energy resources. independence, affordability, long-term secu­ Last September both Senators voted against The methods can be ranked in terms of the rity, and compatibility with a clean environ­ this bill. Let them know what you think. dollars spent for each one million BTUs. ment. Let's take them one by one. And I also want to give you a phone num­ These are the figures from 1984, which are Independence. We have seen how the Na­ ber you can call to have an effect on all pub­ the latest available from the Department of tional Energy Strategy commits the nation lic policy matters. It is the White House pub­ Energy. to ever increasing consumption of lic comment line, and a phone call there has At the bottom of the list is Nuclear elec­ nonrenewable energy resources. We have a disproportionately large impact. tric generation, which yields 0.1 million seen how America's supply of oil is projected Here's the number: 202-4~1111. That's 202- BTUs for every dollar of federal support. Yet to be gone within 20 years, thus ensuring 4~1111. Let the Executive Branch know how the National Energy Strategy is committed that we will have to import every-increasing you feel about being treated like cannon fod­ to speeding up the licensing process and par­ amounts from our "friends"-and I use the der for fossil fuel lobby. ing down the regulation of this monument to word advisedly-in the Middle East. Mean­ The energy decisons we are about to make State subsidy. while, the Strategy neglects conservation, as a society will affect literally every aspect Slightly more believable is Fossil electric, efficiency, and renewables, three ways to of your world, your lives, and the lives of at 0.8 million BTUs per dollar. Yet for this guarantee our autonomy. your children. kind of return-and for slightly more than a Now tell me again-this is energy inde­ Don't you think you ought to participate? half-year's supply-the administration's do­ pendence? I think so. And not just because of all of the mestic advisors are willing to rape the Arc­ Affordability. We have seen how the Na­ economic, political, and scientific reasons we tic and trash the outer continental shelf. tional Energy Strategy emphasizes oil and have advanced tonight. Because there is These are the economic Walking Wounded. nuclear power to the practical exclusion of more to environmentalism than strict prag­ But are there any sources of energy that all other methods of generation-and to the matism and real politik. yield a better return? Of course there are. absolute exclusion of conservation, renew­ In "Walden," Henry David Thoreau wrote At the top of this list, you don't find a ables, and increased efficiency. We have seen that "Heaven is under our feet as well as method of generation at all. You find Effi­ how the two methods of generation that over our heads." In other words, it is possible ciency, which yields 13 million BTUs for waste the most federal monies are oil and to glimpse something much larger than a every dollar of federal subsidy. This is a use nuclear power, being one-sixteenth and one­ warehouse full of natural resources when we of federal money one hundred and thirty one-hundred-and-thirtieth as cost-effective gaze on Nature's face. times more efficient than Nuclear electric, as conservation and efficiency. We have seen Or, to put it another way, trees not cut, and 16 times more efficient than Fossil elec­ how this commits the nation to be pistol­ deserts not tracked, oceans not buoyed, prai­ tric. whipped by Adam Smith's "invisible hand" ries not plowed, rivers not dammed, a world As a society, we are paying up to 130 times in a future of ever-increasing demand for not trammeled-these are all natural re­ as much as we have to for power generation. ever-dwindling supplies. sources, too, and every bit as important for And we are doing it in a time of recession, Now tell me again-this is energy afford­ a complete life as oil, natural gas, and pitch­ austerity, increasing federal deficits, and ris­ ability? blende. ing unemployment. Long-Term Security. We have seen the ad­ This is one of the decisions we will have to The monetary costs of efficiency are clear­ ministration's domestic advisors throw their make soon. Will we preserve the last vestiges ly low. But what about the environmental support without moderation behind of this kind of world for our children, or will costs? nonrenewable resources that their own tech­ we sacrifice it all for the next half-percent­ There the story is even stronger, because nicians in the departments of Energy and In­ age point, the next quarterly earnings re­ the environmental costs of conservation and terior project will be gone well within our port, the next 52-week market high? increased efficiency are zero. children's lifetimes. They are thus commit­ I think you know the answer to these ques­ In fact, energy conservation and increased ting the next generation to, at best, a round tions. And I know you can do something efficiency yield tremendous benefits. of "resource diplomacy," and at worst a about it. They will slow down the greenhouse effect. round of resource wars, to secure a lifestyle Thank you very much. For every improvement of one mile per gal­ based on unmodulated consumption. lon in CAFE standards, America would save Now tell me again-this is long-term en­ 4.28 billion gallons of gasoline used by house­ ergy security? And finally, Compatibility with a Clean TERTIARY TREATMENT FACILI­ hold vehicles alone. And that would prevent TIES FOR BENEFICIAL REUSE OF the discharge of 43 million short tons of C02 Environment. We have seen the National En­ into the atmosphere. ergy Strategy's desire to dot the Arctic Na­ WATER They will improve our balance of trade. tional Wildlife Refuge and the Outer Con­ Passage of the Bryan Bill wm save 2.5 mil­ tinental Shelf with oil rigs and the statis­ tical certainty of major spills, major toxic HON. MEL LEVINE lion barrels of oil every day. That is more OF CALIFORNIA than we imported from Saudi Arabia, Ku­ waste releases, major habitat destruction. wait, and Iraq combined before the Gulf War. We know of the thousands of tons completely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES At S20 per barrel, that's about S2 billion avoidable C02 that will be spewed into our Thursday, May 2, 1991 every year that we could spend on jobs, hous­ air. We fear the "streamlined" approval ing, health, education, or any of a number of process for nuclear power plants that could Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, pressing domestic issues facing us today. put the next Chernobyl in any one of our today I am introducing legislation to authorize They will strengthen our political position back yards. We see the increasing degrada­ the Bureau of Reclamation to participate with with regard to oil producing states in unsta­ tion of air, land, and water based on the the West Basin Municipal Water District and ble regions of the globe. shortsightedness and greed of politicians and energy suppliers, all fostered by our National the City of Los Angeles to build tertiary treat­ And most important of all, they will allow ment facilities and related infrastructure for the us to fulfill an implicit commitment that Energy Strategy. Now tell me again-this is compatibility treatment and subsequent beneficial reuse of each generation makes to the one following: sewage effluent. The planet we received from our parents, we with a clean environment? are passing it on to you in a condition that III. CONCLUSION This bill will literally transform polluted water will allow you to live a better life than the In discussing the National Energy Trag­ into one of the most sought after resources in lives we have enjoyed. If we follow the Na­ edy, we have discussed economics, politics, southern California. tional Energy Strategy, we won't be passing physical science, and plain common sense, For this reason, the legislation has the sup­ the planet on to our kids. We will be borrow­ and how they all point to an inevitable con­ port of the city of Los Angeles, El Segundo, ing the planet they have to live in tomorrow clusion about what our National Energy the West Basin Municipal Water District, Heal for our use right now. Strategy should be. the Bay, the Mono Lake Committee, the Na­ Is that what you want to do? So now it's time to stand up and be count­ ed on this issue. tional Wildlife Federation, and Friends of the 5. We Know We'll Achieve OUr Energy Goals The Senate wm be voting on the Bryan Earth, among others. The Fifth reason for embracing conserva­ Bill within the next two weeks. In the near-term the projects authorized by tion and efficiency is that by doing so, we On your way out, you w111 find a handout the bill could provide drought-sensitive south­ know we will achieve the goals for our en­ that lists the names and phone numbers of ern California with as much as 120,000 acre/ ergy supply that the National Energy Strat- Indiana Senators Coats and Lugar. feet of dependable water annually-enough May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9881 water to support the water needs of 600,000 West Basin plans allocate the 70,000 acre­ per day of Tillman's effluent for beneficial pur­ people. feet of water per year the new plant will poses. LA plans to use this water, as West Not only will this legislation create an impor­ produce to three purposes: First, West Basin Basin does, for industrial use, irrigation, and tant new source of water, it will significantly re­ plans to allocate 23,000 acre-feet per year for ground water recharge. The legislation will duce a major source of water pollution in nonpotable industrial use. Specifically, two . provide 25 percent Federal funding for Santa Monica Bay. Over 380 million gallons of local refineries-Chevron in El Segundo and LADWP to build pumps and pipelines nec­ sewage is treated at LA's Hyperion sewage Mobil in Torrance-would primarily use the re­ essary to move Tillman's reclaimed water to treatment plant and is poured into Santa claimed water for their cooling towers, but the sites of reuse. Construction is expected to Monica Bay each day. This bill will facilitate could also use it for boilers and landscape irri­ be completed in 1993. recycling 62.5 million gallons of this effluent gation. LA plans primarily to move the reclaimed and 44 million gallons of effluent from the Till­ Second, West Basin plans to allocate water to four spreading basins in the Sun Val­ man Water Reclamation Plant for industrial 17,000 acre-feet per year for irrigation. Poten­ ley area. Through these spreading basins, the use, landscape irrigation and municipal uses tial irrigation customers include CalTrans, golf reclaimed water will recharge the San Fer­ each day, instead of polluting the ocean. courses, parks, school grounds, a race track, nando Valley groundwater basin. The same Importantly, this new source of water will and a cemetery. stringent requirements the West Basin project also offset some of the demand for water that Third, West Basin plans to use 30,000 acre­ will have to meet to protect human health will now is or in the futrure will be met from other feet per year for the West Coast Basin barrier be applied here as well. sources. A reduced demand for imported project. This project, developed in the 1950's, Along the pipeline route, LADWP plans to water in the LA area will make more imported controls salt water intrusion into coastal deliver water to industrial and irrigation cus­ water available to other areas in southern aquifers in Los Angeles County by establish­ tomers. The Valley Generating Station, located ing a buffer between these aquifers and the California. Or this new source of water could in the Sun Valley area, will use 2,000 acre­ Pacific Ocean. The project is operated by the be used to replace water from environmentally feet per year for its cooling towers. In the fu­ city of Los Angeles Public Works Department. sensitive projects such as the water diversions ture, LADWP plans to expand the pipeline to Presently, water provided by the metropolitan provide the Hansen Recreation Area with near Mono Lake or other projects which may water district is delivered to roughly 150 injec­ be proposed to meet southern California's fu­ 2,500 acre-feet for various purposes. tion wells. These coastal aquifers are a major The city of LA has also proposed bringing ture water needs. source of water for coastal communities. This bill is a landmark proposal because, for additional tertiary treatment facilities on line for Because these coastal aquifers are a Hyperions secondary effluent. Federal 25 per­ perhaps the first time, a bill of this type in­ source of loeal drinking water, it is critical to cludes stringent requirements to safeguard cent matching funds for this would also be insure that the reclaimed water will not present available under my bill. human health for using reclaimed wastewater any long-term health risk to the public. For this as ground water recharge. To put the importance of these projects in reason the bill requires that the water re­ perspective, consider that today, California Both the West Basin Municipal Water Dis­ claimed under this bill not be used for ground­ trict and the city of Los Angeles have begun produces roughly 3.4 million acre-feet of treat­ water recharge unless (a) an environmental ed municipal wastewater per year. According development of water reclamation projects. impact statement is completed, (b) all State My bill authorizes a 25 percent Federal con­ to the State Water Conservation Coalition draft and Federal drinking water standards and report, however, the State only uses 325,000 tribution for financing these projects. State health advisories, as tested at the wellhead, funding sources may include low-interest loans acre-feet per year of this in reclamation are not exceeded, (c) monthly toxicity projects. The reclamation projects in southern and California Assembly bill 444, which au­ bioassays demonstrates no adverse health ef­ thorized $65 million for water conservation and California account for roughly 160,000 acre­ fects on a variety of organisms, and (d) a Na­ feet per year. quality projects, including development of a re­ tional Academy of Sciences monitoring pro­ placement water supply for the Mono Lake di­ I urge my colleagues to review this legisla­ gram is established to evaluate the effects of tion and lend their support to it. versions. the reclaimed water on the aquifer. West Basin is now in the planning stages of The West Basin Municipal Water District a new state-of-the-art tertiary treatment facility serves 850,000 people over 186 square miles TERRORISTS IN YUGOSLAVIA that would receive funding under the legisla­ in the cities of: Carson, Culver City, El UNDERMINE DEMOCRACY THERE tion. Segundo, Gardena, Hawthorne, Hermosa Due to the innovative nature of this project, Beach, Inglewood, Lawndale, Lomita, Manhat­ West Basin estimates that they can develop a HON. WM.S.BROOMF1ELD tan Beach, Palos Verdes Estates, Rancho OF MICHIGAN competitively priced source of new water with Palos Verdes, Redondo Beach, Rolling Hills, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a cost share of 25 percent Federal, 25 percent Rolling Hills Estates, Malibu, and West Holly­ State, and 50 percent West Basin contribu­ wood; and the unincorporated areas of: Thursday, May 2, 1991 tions for development and construction of the Alondra Park, Angeles Mesa, Del Aire, El Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, the winds treatment facilities and infrastructure. West Nido-Clifton, Howard, Ladera Heights, Lennox, of change that swept through Eastern Europe Basin plans to use its bonding capabilities to Marina Del Rey, Point Dume, Ross-Sexton, in 1989 were welcomed by all of us in Con­ finance some portion of its share. The actual Topanga Canyon, Victor, View Park, West gress. Many countries bravely set sail on the cost of the project is projected to be $175 mil­ Athens, West Carson, Westmont, Windsor rising tide of democracy and are moving for­ lion to $200 million. Hills and the National Military Home. ward. Currently, West Basin is negotiating with the The city of Los Angeles also plans to de­ The flame of freedom in Yugoslavia, . how­ city of Los Angeles to divert 62.5 million gal­ velop additional reclamation infrastructure ever, is in danger of being snuffed out. Deter­ lons per day of secondary-treated effluent under this legislation. LA is still in the prelimi­ mined Communists, who urge others to use from LA's Hyperion sewage treatment plant to nary planning stages of developing the East terrorist-like tactics, are being mobilized its new tertiary treatment facility. This will be Valley and Hyperion water reclamation against the forces of democracy in that coun­ the largest water reclamation project of this projects. Through these two projects together, try. It is time for our Government to reevaluate sort in the United States. LA plans to reclaim at least 50,000 acre-feet its policy toward Yugoslavia and actively nur­ West Basin plans to build this new treat­ of water per year. ture the flame of liberty there. We must clearly ment plant in El Segundo. The communities The East Valley water reclamation project tell the federal authorities in Belgrade and the which would be served by this project include will use water from the city's Tillman plant, Yugoslav National Army that America will not El Segundo, Los Angeles, Inglewood, Haw­ which is currently undergoing construction to ignore the plight of those who seek democracy thorne, Lawndale, Manhattan Beach, Hermosa double its treatment capacity to 80 million gal­ and self-determination in Yugoslavia. We must Beach, Redondo Beach. In addition, Santa lons per day. Effluent from the plant is cur­ not have "business as usual" with repressive Monica and Torrance may also receive water. rently discharged into the Los Angeles River. governments. Construction is expected to be completed LA's Department of Water and Power cur­ I am disturbed by recent unconfirmed re­ and the reclaimed water available for use in rently plans to build the infrastructure nec­ ports that anti-Croatian terrorist groups killed 1994. essary to reuse as much as 50 million gallons two Croatian policemen, engaged in bombing 9882 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 of buildings, and randomly fired at other civil­ team to win the title since another Viking team "Free trade" with Mexico is not about ian structures in Croatia. It is assumed that did it in 1964. commerce, but about politics; it is a delib­ the terrorists are ethnic Serbians who live in Hilo's victory over Kalaheo followed two erate effort by the Bush administration to the Republic of Croatia. Traditionally, relations consecutive evenings of what the Honolulu divert attention from the financial woes of the most oppressive, authoritarian regime in between the Serbian minority and the Croatian Star-Bulletin described as "down-to-the-buzzer this hemisphere after Cuba, and to support majority in that republic have been good. Re­ struggles" against the relentless Kahuku High the Salinas government with increased flows cently, however, Communists in Yugoslavia School Red Raiders and the talented of foreign capital. The fact that the World have felt threatened by the growth of democ­ Kamehemeha High School Warriors. Through­ Bank is the largest external source of sup­ racy in some of the republics and have urged out the course of the 35th annual State high port for the "Mexican miracle" is conven­ the Serbian minority to declare its independ­ school basketball tournament, the Vikings iently omitted from the discussion. ence from Croatia. As part of this Communist demonstrated skillful team play and unfaltering Free-trade zealots forget that Mexico re­ encounter-offensive, they have urged the eth­ teamwork. mains a badly managed Third World country Mr. Speaker, I salute the young men of all that is not comparable with real success sto­ nic Serbs in Croatia to conduct acts of sabo­ ries such as Chile or the Asian "tigers" such tage and terrorism. the teams who participated in the State high as Korea. Talking about the relative level of In particular, the President of the Serbian school basketball tournament for their skill and wages in Mexico today is irrelevant given Republic, Slobodan Milosevic, a Stalinist hard­ dedication. All of them demonstrated their the fact that the country is still largely liner, is trying to stage a "confrontation" that commitment to the ideal of good sportsman­ using new loans and direct investment to will require the mobilization of the Yugoslav ship. I applaud their efforts and I congratulate fund enormous trade and current-account National Army, a modern military organization the Hilo High School Vikings on their hard­ deficits, which in turn are driven by sub­ that already has garrisons in Croatia. Yugo­ earned victory. sidies for Mexico's enormously costly state sector. If American labor unions think low slavia's Minister of Defense, General Veljko Allow me to recognize the members of the 1991 State of Hawaii high school basketball Mexican wages pose a threat now, at 3,000 Kadijevic, has threatened to use military force pesos per dollar, imagine how they will yowl against the fledgling democracies of Slovenia, championship team, the Hilo High School Vi­ when the peso is readjusted to something ap­ Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia kings: proaching purchasing power parity with the in the event of ethnic fighting. His attitude to­ Shon Malani, Paul Lee, Jr., Herman U.S.-roughly 4,000 pesos per dollar. ward the changing political landscape in the Medeiros, Benjamin Pana, Donald De Sa, Wil­ While it is obvious that a free-trade agree­ country are obvious. He once described so­ mer Castillo, Kaulana Pakele, Grant Baclig, ment is in the interest of both countries, the cialism as "one of the greatest achievements Robert Medeiros, Seth Gardner, Steven kind of progress predicted by Mr. Dornbusch Idemoto, Chad Alameda, Mokoifonua requires the fertile soil of freedom-of the of contemporary civilization." I fear that these press, to win and hold public office, to run a republics will be subjugated by the devious Pousima, Solomon Wakita, Clayton Kaneshiro, Tod Bello, and Theodore Ireland. business, or to worship-in order to flourish tactics of pro-Communist elements in Yugo­ truly. Advocates of a free-trade agreement slavia who are determined to maintain their Their head coach: Lawrence Manliguis. who believe political and human-rights con­ strong centrist government. Their assistant coaches: Roy Kobayashi, cerns can be separated from commercial in­ It is ironic that Croatia, a democratic repul:r Edward Kalima, Jr., Wayne Kaneshiro, John terests have not been paying attention to lie with a pro-American orientation and free­ Walter Ah Hee, and Kelly Lerma. the struggle for progress in Eastern Europe. market economic policies, should be threat­ Their athletic director: Ronald Furukawa. If we really want to see North America prosper in a united economic and perhaps ened by proponents of a dying ideology that is Their manager: Froilan Gacusan. Their team statisticians: Roanne Okunami, someday even political union, all of the par­ being debunked all over the world. ticipants must be committed equally to the The United States must strongly condemn Brandy Allen, Pearl Arakaki, Tanya Belledo, basic principles of economic and political these "staged" terrorist attacks. Political stabil­ Stacie Mandaloniz, Sue Ann Ah Heong, and liberty that have made North America's ity in Yugoslavia will not come through the Lisa Pana. prosperity possible. When will these die-hard barrel of a gun. America must promote dia­ And their principal: Mrs. Donna Saiki. "free traders" also come to support free elec­ logue and peace, not repression. We must not tions with equal vigor?-Christopher Whalen, Washington. let our official policy of democracy, peace and FREE TRADERS IGNORE GRIM unity in Yugoslavia be utilized by the Com­ REALITY IN MEXICO munists to support a strong centrist govern­ SDI ARGUMENTS STILL RELEVANT ment. If we fail to act swiftly and forcefully, we can be assured that the political situation in HON. DUNCAN HUNTER Yugoslavia will deteriorate to a point where OF CALIFORNIA HON. NEWf GINGRICH democracy may not survive. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA I urge my colleagues to carefully monitor Thursday, May 2, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these disturbing political developments in Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, as we debate Thursday, May 2, 1991 Yugoslavia. the merits of approving the extension of fast­ Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, I would like to track negotiating authority for the administra­ share with my colleagues an article entitled, tion, we must examine every facet of the pos­ "SDI Insurance Against Nuclear Mishap," RECOGNITION OF THE CHAMPION­ sible effects on our economy and our workers which was written by James P. Litsey, a SHIP HILO HIGH SCHOOL VI­ of a free-trade agreement with Mexico. I urge former Titan II missile commander. Although KINGS BASKETBALL TEAM my colleagues to give serious thought to the this article first appeared in the Wichita Eagle­ issues raised in a letter from the May 1, 1991, Beacon in 1985, its arguments are still rel­ HON. PA~Y T. MINK Wall Street Journal. evant to the current debate over SDI. For this FREE TRADERS IGNORE GRIM REALITY IN reason, I would like to reprint the article in the OF HAWAil MEXICO CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, to remind my col­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Rudiger Dornbusch is but the latest in a leagues of this important message. Thursday, May 2, 1991 long procession of wishful thinkers-govern­ [From the Wichita Eagle-Beacon, Oct. 13, ment officials, economists and business lead­ 1985] Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, I rise in recogni­ ers-who proclaim that free trade with Mex­ tion of the Hilo High School basketball team ico somehow will bring our older brothers to SDI INSURANCE AGAINST NUCLEAR MISHAP from the island of Hawaii in the Second Con­ the South to accept the liberal notions of de­ (By James P. Litsey) gressional District of the State of Hawaii. The mocracy and 'the rule of law ("If Mexico Probably one of the most important and Hilo High School team, the Vikings, won the Prospers, So Will We," editorial page, April yet least discussed issues facing us today re­ State high school basketball championship on 11). He accepts that "Democracy, workers' volves around the quality of safety and secu­ rights, safety and environmental issues" are rity found in the "fail-safe" systems of the the evening of March 9, 1991, over the for­ part of the debate, but neglects to mention world's intercontinental ballistic missiles midable Kalaheo High School basketball team, that in Mexico such concerns are subjugated and other nuclear weaponry. The term "fail­ the Mustangs. In gaining the championship, to the economic interests of that country's safe" was popularized in the 1960s by a novel the Vikings became the first Neighbor Island corrupt ruling party. of the same name, which involved a B-52 May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9883 bomber that headed for Moscow when it re­ More recently, another Washington-based The need for this legislation couldn't be ceived an erroneous "go" signal. The bomber columnist, David Broder, asserted that clearer. While Congress has passed laws pro­ pilot could not turn back, even though the President Reagan keeps bumping into him­ viding for the criminal prosecution of terrorists, president made a personal appeal for him to self as he defends SDI. Broder calls for some­ do so. When all joint efforts to down the body to give President Reagan "a better ar­ victims of terrorism face incredibly difficult bomber failed, the president ultimately was gument to use in Geneva, or better yet, a legal hurdles in pursuing claims against terror­ forced to bomb New York City in an attempt more plausible position to defend." The old ists. The recent case of the Klinghoffer family to stave off a wave of Russian retaliation. school of chessmanship holds that sometimes is a glaring example of this gap in our efforts Where "fail-safe" dealt with an earth­ the best defense is a strong offense. As such, to develop a comprehensive legal response to shaking fictional crisis and decisions made does not the offensively oriented argument international terrorism. over a period of hours, today we could well that bases the need for SDI on an overriding Leon Klinghoffer, a passenger on the Achille face a similar crisis of significantly greater concern for preventing an accidental nuclear Lauro cruiseliner, was executed and thrown magnitude-with a window of only a few war become the basis of a more plausible po­ minutes available in which to correct the sition to defend-that is, one which genu­ overboard during the 1985 terrorist attack. His error and defuse escalating tensions, or face inely has the welfare of the entire world at widow, Marilyn Klinghoffer, and family took catastrophic destruction. This is a situation heart? their case to the courts in their home State of that at best does not lend itself to controlled If Mikhail Gorbachev ls really the New York. Only by virtue of the fact that the and rational decision-making, especially in "smoothy" Mr. Broder says he is, it would attack violated certain admiralty laws and that light of the constraints: less than one-half not come as a surprise 1f he took President the organization involved-the Palestine Lib­ hour between launch and warhead detona­ Reagan up on his suggestion the Soviets and tion, and the lack of a worldwide operation­ eration Organization-had assets and carried Americans work together to achieve a peace­ on activities in New York, was the court able ally reliable antimissile defense system that ful space through which no nuclear weapons to establish jurisdiction over the case. A simi­ could be directed against an accidentally would be allowed to pass. Surely both the launched missile successfully. Rather, it en­ proponents and opponents of SDI can agree lar attack occurring on an airplane or in some courages frenzied decision-making by the that even some minimum threshold of imple­ other locale might not have been subject to president and his advisers as they scramble mentation for SDI should afford the world civil action. The Anti-Terrorism Act of 1991 for airborne command posts and under­ protection against one, 10, 50 or 100 acciden­ would fill in this gap in our laws. ground bunkers. Certainly, the actions and tally launched nuclear missiles. The Senate unanimously passed the ATA reactions of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorba­ Many conservatives' jaws hit the table chev and his comrades could not be expected last year and passed it again just last month. when President Reagan initially suggested Under the leadership of Senators GRASSLEY to be any different as they, too, scramble for the possibllity of sharing SDI, but in view of their own lives. the alternatives, maybe he's right. This isn't and HEFLIN, the ATA has drawn strong, bipar­ It is not a question of whether an acciden­ to say such a move would not be fraught tisan support in the Senate and we have simi­ tal launch could happen; it is an indisputable with monumental diplomatic and security lar broad support among our original cospon­ fact that an unauthorized launch could obstacles. But these challenges help clarify sors. We hope to move this legislation through occur. Unclassified documents detail the ex­ and reduce to proper perspective the realtive the committee and into the House floor just as istence of "Unauthorized Launch Studies." ease with which satellite hardware and non­ soon as possible. The ATA will be an impor­ The classified details of those documents, if nuclear explosive components could be as­ released, would reveal a variety of ways the tant and timely addition to our arsenal aimed sembled into an effective system, using non­ at ending the scourge of international terror­ actual launch of a given ICBM system could exotic, known technology. be accomplished without presidential au­ Robert Jastrow, in his "How to Make Nu­ ism. I ask that a copy of the bill appear follow­ thorization. ing my statement. Recently, syndicated columnist Edwin clear Weapons Obsolete," notes that one Yoder made the point that nuclear weapons group of SDI opponents, the Union of Con­ in and of themselves will not take matters cerned Scientists, originally placed the pre­ cise number of American satellites required KINGSTON, GA, HONORS CIVIL into their own hands simply because they WAR VETERANS EACH APRIL 23 have grown impatient with disuse. But don't to make SDI operational at 2,400. They have try to convince the Titan IT ICBM crew in since admitted the presence of errors in their Arkansas on duty one August day in 1974 .of assumptions and revised the number down HON. GEORGE (BUDDY) DARDEN that. They had "pushed the buttons" to test three times. Their current projections show a need for 162 satellites-not too far out of OF GEORGIA the launchability of their machine, only to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES end the exercise by pulling every component line with Livermore Laboratory's total of 90, drawer they could get their hands on in an assuming a high-altitude orbit, or 45 1f Thursday, May 2, 1991 attempt to shut the monster down, less than placed in low-altitude orbit. Jastrow makes the case for a non-nuclear, Mr. DARDEN. Mr. Speaker, today I would nine seconds before liftoff. This is not to say like to share with my distinguished colleagues there remains no controversy as to whether non-exotic SDI system using known tech­ the missile would really have launched (obvi­ nology; approximately 100 interceptor sat­ a story about the unique community of Kings­ ously, it did not). Reportedly, someone for­ ellites in conjunction with 14 support sat­ ton, GA, which lies at the foothills of the Appa­ get to shut off a critical circuit-breaker at ellites. That could pave the way for a meet­ lachian Trail in northwest Georgia. Although the appropriate step, and the machine-a nu­ ing of the minds of both proponents and op­ small in number, the townspeople of Kingston clear weapons-did the rest. ponents of SDI. are, nevertheless, big in character and tradi­ Given the weaknesses in our own weapons There must be a point of common ground, tion. a focal point, if we are to bring the relentless systems, one must be even more concerned Since 1865, Kingston has traditionally rec­ about analogous and much greater weak­ debate under control and move forward in a nesses found throughout the world in the nu­ productive, responsible and reasonable man­ ognized and practiced the oldest Memorial clear systems of the Soviet Union, France, ner. To fail to do so challenges the measure Day in the country. Each April 23, these resi­ China, England ... India, South Africa, Is­ of grace we thus far have been given, for to­ dents gather together for a special service to rael, Brazil, Libya, Pakistan, Argentina, Iraq morrow we might awaken to quite a dif­ honor those who gave their lives in the Civil and God-knows-who-else. ferent world. War. I know of no such other celebration ex­ Even Secretary of Defense Caspar Wein­ clusively recognizing veterans of the Civil War berger commented specifically on this issue on this day, and believe it to be unique to the in a recent article discussing President Rea­ THE ANTI-TERRORISM ACT OF 1991 gan's Strategic Defense Initiative. He stated country. that a reliable defensive system' would give As part of the ceremonies, bouquets of us the hope of gaining several benefits, HON. EDWARD F. FEIGHAN spring flowers are placed on the graves of 249 among which was probably the most-over­ OF OHIO Confederate soldiers and two Union soldiers. looked, least-understood and, therefore, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Afterward, elder members of the community least-discussed benefit: "Protection against share stories about their parents and grand­ accidents. Strategic defense could be an ad­ Thursday, May 2, 1991 parents during this turbulent turning point in ditional 'insurance policy' against the acci­ dental launching of a missile against us." Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, today I join the history of our country. This marked the first time a Cabinet-level over 30 of my colleagues in introducing the Toward the end of the Civil War and during official of any administration publicly made Anti-Terrorism Act of 1991. This legislation will the time of the Georgia campaign, Kingston such an open and candid statement with ref­ allow American victims · of terrorism to bring maintained an army hospital. Thusly, many erence to the possib111t1es of nuclear war. civil suits in U.S. Federal court. brave soldiers who lost their lives are buried in 9884 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 the surrounding area. The majority of the was fearless as only a mother could be; she eral Government, the sheer magnitude of the graves are unmarked and the soldiers' names was not afraid to care. She embraced the very collective debt of these entities, some $981 unknown, but still they are not forgotten. things from which we turn our faces. Mama re­ billion, means that we ignore their safety, The passage of time has not distanced the alized that people, who have little, hunger for soundness, and regulatory structures at our hearts of the people of Kingston in remember­ more than just a meal; they hunger for the own peril. ing those who fought so valiantly in the War touch of human kindness and compassion. The Treasury outlines four governing prin­ Between the States. Mr. Speaker, these peo­ Throwing some change at a person does not ciples: that financial safety and soundness ple should be commenclecl for their thoughtful­ satisfy the loneliness of being on the streets should be given primacy over other public pol­ ness and dedication, as well as for setting a and the emptiness of knowing that no one icy considerations; that regulators should have precedent in recognizing and honoring heroes cares. Mama not only satisfied the physical, sufficient stature to avoid capture by special of wars past-no matter how long ago. but also the emotional and spiritual hunger of interests; that private market risk assessment the less fortunate. She cared-to them it was mechanisms be used, and that financial safety Mama, and she was all they had. and soundness standards be consistent THE PASSING OF MARGARET All Sacramentans are in mourning for hav­ across all GSE's. These principals are sound. ''MAMA'' MARKS ing lost Mama Marks. One of the most tragic One Treasury recommendation, however, things in life, for rich or for poor, is to lose doesn't make sense in light of these prin­ HON. VIC FAZIO your mother, particularly when you have no ciples, that is the Treasury would generally OF CALIFORNIA one else. leave regulatory authority with existing agen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cies. Although the Treasury would instruct Thursday, May 2, 1991 these agencies that financial safety and THE lOOTH ANNIVERSARY OF OUR soundness be given primacy over other public Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, I rise to mourn the LADY OF THE ANGELS policy considerations, a fundamental conflict passing of a dear friend and wonderful individ­ still exists. ual, Margaret "Mama". Marks. Her death was HON. SUSAN MOLINARI · It is expected that the GAO will recommend felt so strongly in the Sacramento community OF NEW YORK that the Department of the Treasury assume because her life was such a strong part of our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the responsibility for the financial safety and community. For over 20 years, Mama Marks Thursday, May 2, 1991 soundness of all GSE's. This approach makes fed the poor through her home in Del Paso Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, I take the op­ much more sense and would remove the fun­ Heights, known as the Arms of Mercy. Those damental tension between the constituencies arms not only embraced the poor, but reached portunity today to observe a milestone in the community of Bay Ridge. of the GSE's and risk to the potential risk to out to touch the hearts of everyone in Sac­ the Federal Government. ramento. Our Lady of Angels Parish, Fourth Avenue Mama was a native of Louisiana and first and 74th Street, celebrates its 1OOth anniver­ sary this year. Tomorrow night, its parishion­ came to California in the 1940's, to work in the ADDRESS BY HON. JOHN ers will gather to celebrate not only the cen­ shipyards in Oakland. In her .spare time, she BRADEMAS taught Sunday school and worked with the tury past, but the century ahead. church auxiliary. In the mid-1950's Mama I am proud of the traditions exemplified by Our Lady of Angels. Such a church inspires a HON. SIDNEY R. YATES came to Sacramento, joining the Women's OF ILLINOIS Civic Improvement Club, Del Paso Heights sense of community that is a vital link between people in an often chaotic world. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Project Area Committee, and the PTA. Making Thursday, May 2, 1991 her home in the Del Paso area, she formed The church also has a school, which has their summer lunch program. It is immediately served as a pillar of fine education for many Mr. YATES. Mr. Speaker, on March 20, our apparent that the less fortunate, and espe­ young people. The parish also serves the former colleague and my dear friend, John cially children, were a priority with Mama. community with activities for seniors, a youth Brademas, gave the Fourth Annual American Over the years, she cared for more than 50 ministry, an Alcoholics Anonymous chapter, Al Council for the Arts Nancy Hanks Lecture on foster children. Anon, and a human service center providing Arts and Public Policy. It was a most excellent It was, in part, from that experience that she food for the needy. lecture and I want to share it with the House. became known simply as Mama Marks. Our Lady of Angels has seen many I urge everyone to take a few moments to "Mama" was not only her title, but perhaps changes. When the church was built in the read the speech. her best description. More than simply feeding late years of the 19th century, Bay Ridge was The speech follows: the poor, she wore with the simplest of pride a pastoral suburb of the city of Brooklyn. From ADDRESS BY JOHN BRADEMAS BEFORE FOURTH and fulfilled with the greatest of glory. She felt being surrounded by farms, the church has ANNUAL COUNCIL FOR THE ARTS that the destiny of caring for the poor was become surrounded by the frantic pace of the I am honored to have been invited to de­ handed to her from God in a dream. Everyday city. It remains a mainstay for the community liver the Fourth Annual Nancy Hanks Lec­ of her life was living the fulfillment of that and its people. ture on Arts and Public Policy, and I'm for Mr. Speaker, I am proud to take this oppor­ several reasons glad to be here. dream. She would say, "you can't out-give First, I want to salute the American Coun­ God because I've tried, and the more I give tunity to congratulate Our Lady of Angels for 100 years of service well-performed, and to cil for the Arts, on whose board I am proud away the more he sends down." to sit, for spearheading 1991 National Cul­ That simple belief that God would provide offer my best wishes for the 100 years to tural Advocacy Day. I commend the cham­ was the foundation of the Arms of Mercy. The come. pions of the arts from throughout the coun­ kitchen was run strictly by Mama and God; try who have come to Washington this week to press our case. And I thank ACA leaders she would have no government assistance, no GOVERNMENT SPONSORED bureaucracy, no fund raisers. All was provided Gerald Blatherwick and Milton Rhodes for ENTERPRISES asking me to share my thoughts with you. by Mama or by donation. She fed nearly 100 It is a special honor to be introduced to­ people every day and 500 to 600 on holidays. HON. BARBARA 8. KENNEilY night by my old and valued friend, Congress­ All the food was prepared by Mama, usually OF CONNECTICUT man Sidney Yates of Illinois, chairman of Southern specialties from her native home of the House Appropriations Subcommittee IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Louisiana. Nothing was ever served without with jurisdiction over the National Endow­ her approval. She was Mama, and this was Thursday, May 2, 1991 ment for the Arts and other cultural agen­ Mama's kitchen. Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today cies, and one of the most stalwart advocates of the arts in the United States. Too often, we see things in our everyday life to commend the Treasury for their excellent I have often compared Sid Yates to the that disturb us, like homelessness, hunger, ne­ report on reforming the Government-spon­ Dutch boy with his finger in the dike, for he glect, and abuse, which stir strong emotions sored enterprises. more than any other single person in recent within us. Often, we are not so much afraid of While the Treasury maintains that these en­ years has defended the arts and humanities becoming involved but afraid of caring. Mama tities do not immediately pose risk to the Fed- . against repeated attacks. The American peo- May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9885 ple owe more to the vision and determina­ man, with Leonard Garment, of the Inde­ of thought, imagination and inquiry but also tion of Sidney Yates than they will ever pendent Commission, mandated by Congress the material conditions facilitating the re­ know. to study the operation of the National En­ lease of this creative talent." At this time and in this place, it seems fit­ dowment for the Arts. From the beginning, two principles gov­ ting that we pay tribute to the memory of a Tonight I want to discuss the role of the erned the operation of the National Endow­ person whose efforts also contributed im­ Federal government in supporting the arts; ment for the Arts-freedom of expression and measurably to the cultural life of our coun­ review that relationship over the past 24 accountability for the use of public monies. try. months, with particular attention to the To guard against political interference, the It was in 1969, when she became Chair­ work of the Independent Commission; and Senate committee report on the bill estab­ person of the National Endowment for the consider ways of reinvigorating the National lishing the two Endowments used straight­ Arts, that I first became acquainted with Endowment for the Arts. forward language: Nancy Hanks. As chairman of the sub­ At the outset, I must warn you that I in­ "It is the intent of the committee that in committee of the House of Representatives tend to be as candid as I like to think I was the administration of this act there be given with jurisdiction over the legislation that on Capitol Hill! the fullest attention to freedom of artistic authorized the Endowment, I had countless A FEDERAL COMMITMENT TO THE ARTS and humanistic expression." opportunities over the succeeding eight To insure that the Endowment expend its years to observe firsthand the legendary For more than two-and-a-half decades, Federal funds have served in significant funds wisely, Congress provided for an elabo­ combination of Hanks intelligence, tenacity, rate structure of accountability. The Chair­ courage and charm-the qualities that made ways to encourage individual artists and arts organizations in the United States. person of the NEA and the 26 rotating mem­ her such a formidable leader of the NEA. bers of the advisory National Council on the As you all know, the Arts Endowment During my own years in Washington, Con­ gress passed several laws to help the arts. I Arts are nominated by the President and bloomed and flourished during her tenure. subject to Senate confirmation. Central to Recalling those years of optimism and was one of the sponsors of the legislation that created the National Endowment for the grant selection process are advisory pan­ growth, I thought I might best salute the ac­ els, made up of persons with special expertise complishments of Nancy Hanks by reflect­ the Arts, and as I have said, for ten years chaired the House subcommittee with re­ who are chosen by the Chairperson to judge ing, in this darker hour, on what thos.e who grant applications. The Chairperson, accord­ care deeply about the arts must do to renew sponsibility for the NEA, the National En­ dowment for the Humanities and other pro­ ing to the original statute, would have the the nation's commitment to their support. final say. I speak to you from several perspectives. grams to support cultural activities. As a Member of Congress for 22 years, I took Indeed, the NEA is not the only Federal The law also makes clear that private ini­ an active part in writing most of the legisla­ agency that supports art and culture in the tiatives are to be the principal source of tion enacted between 1959 and 1981 to assist United States. The National Endowment for money for the arts in this country; all grants institutions of learning and culture, includ­ the Humanities, the Library of Congress, the to organizations must be matched by non­ ing schools, colleges and universities, librar­ Smithsonian Institution and the National Federal monies on at least a one-to-one ies and museums, the arts and humanities. Gallery of Art, which this year celebrates its basis. If during my time in Congress, I was a 50th anniversary-are all central to our com­ This matching formula has proved highly champion of education and the arts, I have mitment as a people to enriching culture. effective in attracting private support for, continued to be preoccupied with both as Here I want to make special mention of and in stimulating public interest in, the president since 1981 of New York University. two other initiatives, which I co-authored arts in the United States. When the Endow­ As you know, the main campus of New with my friend and distinguished Senate col­ ment was created in 1965, there were rel­ York University is located in Greenwich Vil­ league, Clairborne Pell of Rhode Island, that atively few professional non-profit perform­ ing arts organizations in our country. There lage, right next to Soh~in all, a thriving opened new doors to the arts. community for artists and the arts. One, the Museum Services Act, makes were 58 orchestras, 22 professional theaters, Beyond the wonderful neighborhood in available through the Institute of Museum 37 dance companies and 27 opera companies. which it lives, NYU is blessed with outstand­ Services, modest but invaluable grants, up to Private support for the arts had been flat for ing programs in the arts. . . . of every kind. S75,000, for general operating support and a decade, at approximately $250 million a NYU's Tisch School of the Arts is one of conservation activities, to museums of every year. Only seven states had arts agencies. the nation's foremost centers for education kind-art, history, science and technology­ By 1990, however, there were in the United in the performing and communications arts; and to zoos and botantical gardens. In fiscal States 230 orchestras, 420 theaters, 250 dance Tisch film, drama and television graduates 1990, IMS made nearly one thousand grants, companies and 120 opera companies. Private are setting a fast and highly successful pace totaling an estimated S21 million. Institu­ giving to the arts is now estimated at $6 bil­ in both Hollywood and New York. Spike Lee, tions as diverse as the Sacramento Zoo, the lion annually. And today every state in the Susan Seidelman, Martin Scorsese, Oliver Nebraska State Historical Society, the Field Union has an arts agency. Stone-all alumni-make my point. Museum of Natural History in Chicago and The range of activities that have benefited New York University's Institute of Fine the Laumeier Scultpture Park in St. Louis from Endowment assistance is impressive. Arts is the premier center in this country, have received assistance from the IMS. The agency has been indispensable, for ex­ perhaps the world, for graduate study of art The second measure of which I claim joint ample, to television programming in the history and conservation. And NYU's under­ parenthood with Senator Pell, the Arts and arts, to regional theater and dance. As one of graduate department of fine arts is one of Artifacts Indemnity Act, provides indem­ the few sources of funds for both folk art and the finest in the nation. nification by the federal government to pro­ emerging art forms, the Endowment has Our Grey Art Gallery on Washington tect art and artifacts loaned by other coun­ helped preserve and advance America's cul­ Square is as impressive a place for the exhi­ tries for exhibit in American museums. The tural heritage. bition of serious art as can be found at any ceiling on indemnification was recently in­ All four Pulitzer Prize winners in 1990-for university in the United States. creased from $125 million to S300 million per music, fiction, poetry and playwriting-re­ And our School of Education, Health, exhibition, with an aggregate limit on all ceived, at critical points in their careers, Nursing and Arts Professions offers a wide outstanding indemnities, formerly Sl.2 bil­ grants from the NEA. The Alexander Calder range of arts education courses and a grad­ lion, now S3 billion. Since its enactment in sculpture in Grand Rapids, Michigan; the uate program in museum studies and is home 1975, the Indemnity Act has been used in Vietnam War Memorial in Washington, D.C.; to the National Arts Education Research some 360 exibits-including Tutankhamun, the Dance Theater of Harlem-all might not Center. the Vatican, Alexander the Great and the exist had each not received support from the I must note, too, that my right arm during Treasure Houses of Britain-with almost no NEA. my years as chairman of the House Sub­ claims for loss or damage. Most recently, the Despite its highly successful record and committee, of which he was counsel and staff Indemnity Act helped make possible the wide bipartisan support in Congress, the En­ director, Jack Duncan, continues to be ac­ Mexico and Malevich exhibitions at the Met­ dowment has at times provoked sharp con­ tive in arts advocacy as special counsel to troversy. The controversial incidents have the ACA; and that another former top associ­ ropolitan Museum of Art and the Frans Hals and Titian exhibits at the National Gallery. been rare. Of some 83,000 grants awarded by ate, Tom Wolanin, is now staff director of the NEA over the past quarter of a century, the House Subcommittee on Postsecondary THE NEA RECORD only 20 have raised significant questions. Education, where he serves one of the ablest The law establishing the National Endow­ In the past a mixture of astute leadership legislators in Congress, William D. Ford of ment for the Arts and its sister agency, NEH, by the heads of the NEA, Presidential and Michigan, the new chairman of the House puts the case for the use of Federal tax dol­ Congressional willingness to strengthen the Education and Labor Committee and of that lars for the arts in succinct terms: arts, effective lobbying by arts advocates Subcommittee. "It is necessary and appropriate for the and widespread public support combined to Finally, I speak to you from the perspec­ Federal government to help create and sus­ diffuse attacks on the Endowment and sus­ tive of having last year served as co-chair- tain not only a climate encouraging freedom tain it. 9886 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 The situation that arose two years ago, in sex acts, which, when taken as a whole, do THE INDEPENDENT COMMISSION MEETS however, was far different. There was, above not have serious literary, artistic, political It was against such a backdrop that the 12 all, a virtual vacuum of leadership for the or scientific value." members of the Independent Commission arts at the highest levels of government. The For the first time in the history of the Na­ held their first meeting in early June 1990, in harsh years of Ronald Reagan, with their ini­ tional Endowment for the Arts, the criteria Washington. Let me here salute them. They tial hostile and later, stagnant budgets for for judging applications had been changed were a dedicated, hard-working group. Nomi­ the arts, paved the way for George Bush, who and the Endowment placed on a collision nated by the House of Representatives were seems to want to keep the troubled Arts En­ course with the Bill of Rights. David E. Connor, president of David E. Con­ dowment at arm's length. THE CREATION OF THE INDEPENDENT nor and Associates of Peoria, Illinois; Joan If Mr. Bush has had little to say to defend COMMISSION Harris, former Commissioner of the Depart­ the agency, his has not been the only silence. Congressman Yates, however, acted to pro­ ment of Cultural Affairs of Chicago; Kitty Indeed, as I shall illustrate, in the past two tect the Endowment by adding a provision to Carlisle Hart, chairman of the New York years, key elements that had helped repel the appropriations bill calling for the cre­ State Council on the Arts; and I. earlier assaults on the NEA were weakened ation of a "temporary Independent Commis­ Members recommended by the Senate were or missing. sion." The Commission, by law to expire on Marcia Laing Golden, past president of the In consequence, as we have seen, when de­ September 30, 1990, was charged with review­ Association of Community Arts Agencies of termined opponents unleashed an unprece­ ing the grant-making procedures of the Na­ Kansas; Kay Huffman Goodwin, a former dented attack against the National Endow­ tional Endowment for the Arts, including chairman of the West Virginia Arts and Hu­ ment for the Arts, they would succeed not those of its panel system; and considering manities Commission; Peter Kyros of Cali­ only in radically altering the legislation whether the standard for publicly funded art fornia, a former White House aide on the arts governing the agency but threatening its ex­ should differ from the standard for privately and humanities; and also of California, Rosa­ istence. funded art. lind Wyman, a former member of the Na­ Let me, in light of these observations, now The Commission would be composed of tional Council on the Arts. turn to' the events of the past 24 months, and twelve members, all to be appointed by Mr. Bush's choices were John Agresto, the work of the Independent Commission. President Bush, four on the recommendation president of St. John's College in Santa Fe, THE NEA UNDER ATTACK of Speaker of the House of Representatives New Mexico, and former deputy chairman of As you all know, in 1989, a firestorm was Thomas Foley in consulta~ion with House NEH; Theresa Elmore Behrendt of New York, sparked by two exhibits assisted by NEA Minority Leader Robert Michel, four on the a former White House liaison to the arts and grants. One show, presented by the South­ recommendation of the President pro tem­ humanities; Leonard Garment, of the law eastern Center of Contemporary Art in Win­ pore of the Senate Robert Byrd in consulta­ firm of Dickstein, Shapiro & Morin in Wash­ ston-Salem, North Carolina, contained a tion with Senate Minority Leader Robert ington, D.C. and former assistant to Presi­ photograph by Andres Serrano of a crucifix Dole, and four by the President himself. dent Richard Nixon; and Charles K. in urine; the other, at the Institute of Con­ Although Congress asked the Independent McWhorter of New York, a lawyer and temporary Art in Philadelphia, included Commission for its report by April 23, 1990, former legislative assistant to Vice Presi­ some photographs by the late Robert White House tardiness in nominating its four dent Nixon. Mapplethorpe of homoerotic activities and members-the President did not, for reasons Let me tell you about what we did. nude children. never explained, name his four choices until The Independent Commission made several In April 1989, the Serrano piece triggered May 16, seven months after enactment of the key decisions on the first day we met. The the formidable machine of the religious appropriations act-prevented my colleagues Commission elected not one chair but two right. Orchestrated by the Reverend Donald and me from being sworn in until June 6, co-chairs-Leonard Garment and me. Far Wildmon and his American Family Associa­ 1990, six weeks after the statutory deadline from prompting a deadlock, the co­ tion, letters attacking the artist poured into for the report! chairmenship and a personal friendship that Congress; incensed legislators denounced A NEW ERA OF CENSORSHIP developed between Leonard Garment and me both Serrano;s work and Mapplethorpe's as During these months of delay, the con­ proved indispensable to the work of the Com­ "morally reprehensible trash." In June, the troversy about the Endowment became still mission and its ultimate success. Indeed, for Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., more acrimonious. As leaders of the religious me one of the great pleasures of serving on canceled a scheduled Mapplethorpe show. right and crusading politicians continued to the Independent Commission was the oppor­ The dispute leapt onto the pages of leading pound the agency, they were joined by a tunity to engage wits, cross swords and fash­ newspapers and magazines. Rival coalitions number of conservative art critics and intel­ ion agreements with one of the country's mobilized on the issue, with accusations of lectuals, lending the attack a patina of re­ leading lawyers. Leonard is a man of both "blasphemy" and "pornography" from one spectability. Fresh targets such as perform­ passion and intellect. I was exposed in our side, "censorship" and "thought control" ance artist Karen Finley drew particular deliberations to both qualities! from the other. wrath. I remind you, too, that six Commissioners The debate in Congress produced proposals Meanwhile, the Endowment found itself were chosen by Democratic elected officials to alter the criteria the agency had used for battling not only this band of opponents but and six by Republicans. With co-chairmen, nearly 25 years to judge grant applications. its own beneficiaries. When the new Chair­ every member would be assured that his or The most radical change, introduced by Sen­ person, John Frohnmayer, issued regulations her voice would be heard. ator Jesse Helms of North Carolina, was a requiring grantees to sign an anti-obscenity Another crucial determination: After con­ legislative prohibition on grants for the pro­ pledge, dozens of them refused to do so and siderable discussion, the Commission agreed motion, dissemination or production of ma­ three-a university, a dance company and a not to ask Congress to extend its life for an­ terial deemed obscene, offensive or denigrat­ museum-took the NEA to court. other year or more but instead to move ing to religions or peoples. Helms amend­ A new atmosphere of censorship appeared quickly and produce a report by the date the ment proponents sought to frame the issue in some parts of the land. Local police Commission would statutorily go out of busi­ for Congress in this fashion: "If you vote 'No' stormed the Contemporary Arts Center in ness-September 30, 1990. against 'censorship,' you're voting in favor Cincinnati and, for exhibiting Mapplethorpe Mr. Garment who, as you know, delivered of 'pornography.' "That is to say, if you de­ photographs, its director was indicted on ob­ the Nancy Hanks Lecture two years ago, and fend freedom of speech and support for the scenity charges. A prosecutor in Florida in­ I immediately appointed a staff director, Dr. arts, you can expect campaign attacks back dicted the rap group 2 Live Crew for obscen­ Margaret Jane Wyszomirski, a respected home. ity. And Republicans in Congress-supported scholar specializing in public policy for the Given the gritty realities of modern Amer­ by President Bush-pressed a constitutional arts. Only last week, I am pleased to note, ican politics, supporters of the National En­ amendment to ban flag burning. Dr. Wyszomirski was named director of the dowment for the Arts on Capitol Hill strug­ It was in this deteriorating environment NEA's Office of Policy and Planning. gled to find a compromise. To stave off more that Senators and Representatives began the Leonard and I felt it imperative that the onerous alternatives, they reluctantly ac­ process of reauthorizing the NEA. By the Commission's work be characterized by-and cepted a provision in the appropriations bill summer of 1990, their chances of crafting a be seen to have-three qualities: balance, for fiscal 1990 intended to draw on the 1973 bill free of so-called content restrictions­ independence and a striving for consensus. Miller vs. California Supreme Court decision legislative limitations on the viewpoint ex­ During six days of public hearings, the Com­ on pornography. pressed in a work of art-seemed increas­ mission sought to elicit the broadest array The new language prohibited the NEA from ingly remote. "There aren't many issues left of opinions. We took testimony from top En­ promoting, disseminating or producing ma­ and NEA is potentially a big one," said Na­ dowment officials, peer review panelists, pol­ terials which "may be considered obscene, tional Republican Congressional Committee icy analysts, foundation supporters of the including but not limited to, depictions of Co-Chairman Ed Rollins, a warning to in­ arts, artists and critics of the NEA. sadomasochism, homoeroticism, sexual ex­ cumbent legislators seeking re-election in Because Leonard Garment and I realized ploitation of children, or individuals engaged November. that the issues the Commission had been

p ,.• • •' I • .. .. • .> • May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9887 charged with considering entailed First cific restrictions on the content of works of the states from 20 to 35 percent by fiscal year Amendment questions, we convened a Legal art supported by the Endowment." 1993, a change I believe is precipitous and can Task Force of six constitutional lawyers-­ In my view, this recommendation-that only weaken the NEA's program. I speak, Leonard chose three and I chose three-se­ the government not tell artists how to may I add, as the author of the 1975 amend­ lected on the basis of their outstanding rep­ produce their art-and that it won unani­ ment mandating that one-fifth of all appro­ utations and the diversity of their views. mous support represented the single most priations to the NEA go to the states. Members of the Task Force both testified important conclusion of the Independent The witnesses, conservatives and liberals, before the Commission and drafted a consen­ Commission. For when a 12-person Commis­ who testified on this subject before the Com­ sus statement. A particularly significant sion, created by Congressional mandate, the mission were emphatic and unanimous in conclusion, widely cited in the press, in the members of which were selected by George their view that the existing formula not be legal scholars' statement, was this: ". . . Bush, Tom Foley, Bob Michel, Bob Byrd and altered at this time. Any future change in [W]hile Congress has broad powers as to how Bob Dole, can reject content restrictions, the ratio, our report concluded, should be to spend public funds, it may not do so in a such a decision sends a powerful bipartisan preceded by a careful, Congressionally man­ way that the Supreme Court has said is signal about the appropriate relationship be­ dated study of the impact of the modifica­ 'aimed at the suppression of dangerous tween the National Endowment for the Arts tion on Federal, State, and local funding. ideas.'" and the freedom of expression of artists. Under the new reallocation formula, Mr. I think it here important to note that all You well may ask why Commissioners with Frohnmayer faces the difficult task this year six lawyers, conservatives and liberals, op­ such diverse political perspectives decided to of coring the Endowment's budget, cutting posed the requirement that NEA grant re­ oppose legislative limitations on the content out, in order to give the states their wind­ cipients certify that their work would not be of art funded by the NEA. The answer, in the fall, an additional $12 million. To do so, the obscene. words of our report: "Content restrictions NEA must pare individual grants and kill By the time, last August, that the Com­ may raise serious constitutional issues, some programs. The initiative, for example, missioners began negotiations on our rec­ would be inherently ambiguous and would al­ to give money to museums to purchase the ommendations, it was clear that our philo­ most certainly involve the Endowment and work of living American artists, is dis­ sophical differences meant that each of us the Department of Justice in costly and un­ appearing-just the sort of effort my col­ would have to compromise. A divided Com­ productive lawsuits." leagues and I who founded the NEA would mission, Leonard and I reminded our col­ Although the Commission recognized that have sought to encourage. leagues, would carry little weight in Con­ "obscenity is not protected speech and that With many states in deficit, their own sup­ gress. the National Endowment for the Arts is pro­ port of the arts has for the first time in hibited from funding the production of works years fallen overall by 10 percent from fiscal That the Commission's final report, issued which are obscene or otherwise illegal," we on September 11, 1990, was unanimous was an 1990 to 1991. There is a danger that states achievement in which Leonard, our fellow asserted that the NEA "is an inappropriate may use their increased allocations of En­ Commissioners and I took-and take-great tribunal for the legal determination of ob­ dowment money as an excuse to trim arts pride. scenity. The nature and structure of the En­ budgets still further. dowment are not such that it can make the I need not remind this audience of arts ad­ RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INDEPENDENT necessary due process findings of fact and vocates of the fault lines and bitter feelings COMMISSION conclusions of law involved in these deter­ this change in the law has created within Let me here summarize some of our chief minations.... [T]he appropriate forum for your own ranks. recommendations. the formal determination of obscenity is the Of course, the other troubling aspect of the First, the Commission declared that "to courts.'' new legislation is the language that requires assure that the NEA operate in a manner ac­ The Commission also urged that the En­ the NEA Chairperson to ensure that grants countable to the President, Congress and the dowment rescind its certification require­ are made "taking into consideration general American people, the Endowment's proce­ ment. standards of decency and respect for the di­ dures for scrutiny and evaluation of applica­ Finally, to communicate the spirit that verse beliefs and values of the American pub­ tions for grants must be reformed." motivated much of our work, the Independ­ lic." In pressing for reform, the Commission ent Commission proposed that Congress add Professor Kathleen Sullivan of the Harvard urged that the sole authority of the NEA to the "Declaration of Purpose," or pre­ Law School, a member of the Commission's Chairperson to decide on grants be made ex­ amble, of the legislation authorizing the Legal Task Force, said of this language, "It's plicit in legislation and that he or she be NEA several hortatory statements such as both better and worse than the old law. Bet­ given more choices. Our Commission also language making clear that "The arts and ter, in that it contains no enforceable con­ called for the reestablishment of "Commit­ humanities belong to all the people of the tent restriction. Worse, in the sense that art­ tees" of National Council members to assure United States." ists may steer too clear of what they think another opportunity for review between, on The overwhelmingly positive reception the the public might find indecent, which is a far the one hand, grant advisory panels, and, on report received indicated that most public broader category than obscenity." the other, the full Council and the Chair­ officials, journalists and arts policy analysts As you know, Mr. Frohnmayer has said person. agreed with our conclusions. An editorial in that when applying the "decency" standard, We said that recommendations of specific The Washington Post, "Cooler Heads on the he will not impose his own judgment but will amounts of grant awards should be set by Arts," captured the most common response. defer to that of the grant review panels and Endowment staff after consultation with The item commended the Commission for de­ National Council. panelists. We also said that the panels and bunking "the idea that accountability with­ As the Chairperson explained in Congres­ National Council should recommend a larger out content restrictions is impossible." sional hearings last month, ". . . [N]o one number of grants than funds available for Now I have described the controversy individual is wise enought to be able to con­ them, thereby giving the Chairperson a gen­ which led to the creation of the Independent sider general standards of decency. . . all by uine choice in making awards. Commission, how we proceeded and what we him- or herself." In addition, the Commission urged steps to found. Both Mr. Frohnmayer and the National diminish conflicts of interest on panels. Pan­ Did the Commission make a difference? Council appear to have concluded that be­ elists, we said, should not be permitted to As I speak to you more than six months cause of their diverse makeup, grant review serve on a panel considering applications after the release of our report, I draw these panels would apply "general standards of de­ from organizations with which they are af­ conclusions about the impact of our work. cency" as a matter of course. filiated. And the pool of panelists should be THE NEA IS REAUTHORIZED But as Professor Sullivan sees it-and I expanded to include persons knowledgeable I believe that in the short term, the report agree-these ominous words in the law "lie about the arts but who do not earn their liv­ of the Independent Commission helped pre­ around like a loaded weapon," or in the de­ ing in them. vent the destruction of the National Endow­ scription of National Council member, State In light of subsequent developments in ment for the Arts. After months of bitter Senator Roy Goodman of New York, "a Congress, I think it important to point out wrangling, the House of Representatives booby trap." that one change the Independent Commis­ hammered out a compromise passed by Con­ Although not yet required to certify that sion carefully considered and roundly re­ gress in late October, 1990. what they produce will be "decent," some jected was alteration in the percentage of Although the legislation continues the life NEA grant recipients are, once again, reject­ Endowment funds directed to state arts of the National Endowment for the Arts for ing their grants. Only this week, a group of agencies. three more years, the measure contains artists in a California -lawsuit against the Moreover, although the Commission urged what, in my view, a1·e two unfortunate provi­ Endowment challenged the constitutionality reforms in the grantmaking procedures of sions. of the "decency" standard. the NEA, we unanimously recommended One will increase the percentage of the Commenting on the new legislation, one of "against legislative changes to impose spe- total NEA appropriation to be channeled to the acting program directors of the agency 9888 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 said, "A year ago, even mention of restric­ If we must be on the lookout for new as­ no recession; reduce no crime; reform no tions would have caused an ourtage. Now the saults from the right, I think we must also school; provide no health care; build no bill looks pretty good compared with what heed the signals from the White House. house or highway; make no contribution to we were threatened with. I'd like to feel re­ In his budget proposal for fiscal 1992, Mr. America's competitiveness in the global lief because it has been so tragic around here Bush seeks no increase in funds for the Na­ economy. for a year, but to be honest, I don't." tional Endowment for the Arts and, for the Indeed, much of our national politics dur­ first time in history, the Arts Endowment ing the next two years will focus on this so­ THE CONTROVERSY COOLS DOWN would receive less money than its sister, called domestic agenda. Nonetheless, in the months since Congress NEH. Will the arts be part of that agenda? For placed new limits on grantmaking, the arts Testifying before Congress, Office of Man­ President Bush? For Congress? For gov­ controversy has appeared to cool down. I like agement and Budget Director Richard ernors and mayors? to believe that the Independent Commission Darman took credit for this move. The NEA, The answer depends at least in part on how has contributed to the calming. he explained, would attract too much Con­ creative arts advocates are in finding and Columnists and commentators, for exam­ gressional attention if its budget were raised supporting vigorous leaders for the arts both ple, are no longer belaboring the issue of ob­ above current levels. in and outside government. Such leaders can sceni ty and the arts. Nor is there reason to expect, in a time of press the President and others in key posi­ Attempts to censor artists, performers and economic constraint, that state and local tions to pay serious attention, in considering arts groups have not fared well in the courts. governments or private philanthropy will be the nation's needs, to the arts. The rap group 2 Live Crew and Cincinnati art more generous to the arts. And here my second admonition is to the gallery director were cleared of all criminal In New York state, for example, Governor person who holds the most visible post in the charges. Mario Cuomo proposes in fiscal 1992 to slash arts in the country-Mr. Frohnmayer. It will And two months ago, supporters of free­ funds for the New York State Arts Council be up to the Chairperson of the NEA to ar­ dom of speech and artistic expression cele­ by 57 percent. Neighboring New Jersey would ticulate a sense-yes, a vision-of what the brated a significant victory in a Federal reduce state money for the arts by 40 percent National Endowment for the Arts can do for court in Los Angeles. The court ruled that Massachusetts wants to cut its arts budget the nation and then help mob111ze public sup- the requirement that NEA grant recipients by 28 percent. port in pursuit of those goals. · in fiscal 1990 sign an anti-obscenity pledge is Beyond these developments, experts antici­ And if the agency he heads is to cope effec­ "unconstitutionally vague because it leaves pate that corporate contributions to the arts tively with the challenges that confront it, the determination of obscenity in the hands will, for the first time since 1967, decline this he must work with the friends of the Endow­ of the NEA." The court declared, "This is year. According to a survey cited in the Wall ment and turn back its enemies with the the type of obstacle in the path of the exer­ Street Journal, the faltering economy means truth. In this regard, I invoke the spirit of that nearly one-third of charitable donors Nancy Hanks. cise of fundamental speech rights that the are giving less to all causes this year. Constitution will not tolerate." Indeed, although I have mentioned flat AN EXHORTATION TO CONGRESS In the wake of this ruling, Mr. Frohnmayer budgets for the Arts Endowment, I must also My third exhortation: Members of Con­ at long last retracted the troublesome remind you of the harmful Federal tax poli­ gress should keep the National Endowment pledge, a move prompting the dismissal of cies of recent years. for the Arts free of onerous restrictions and another lawsuit against the Endowment in The Tax Reform Act of 1986 posed new hur­ provide the agency the resources it needs to New York. dles for the arts, among them changes that be effective. With the reauthorization of the National would discourage contributions. I cite the Here let me praise those members of Con­ Endowment for the Arts completed, some elimination of the charitable deduction for gress of both political parties who have so lawsuits settled and the certification re­ non-itemizers as well as the imposition of a valiantly championed the arts. I pay my par­ quirement revoked, champions of the arts minimum tax on major gifts of appreciated ticular respects once again to Sidney Yates may be tempted to believe that the worst property. Although Congress acted last year and to Congressman Pat Williams of Mon­ days for the Endowment and the arts are to lift the latter provision regarding gifts of tana, who have worked to protect the En­ now behind us. appreciated property to museums, it did so dowment from those who seemed intent on Let me say, however, as bluntly as I can: It for only one year. destroying it. would be foolish to think that the con­ Even more troubling than the prospect of I cite, too, for his tireless leadership from troversy that has shaken the National En­ reduced giving is the possib111ty that, follow­ the beginning, Senator Claiborne Pell. I be­ dowment for the Arts has run its course. You ing the lead of the Federal government, lieve Senator Orrin Hatch of Utah deserves and I must continue to be vigilant. other funders will be more cautious about special mention for his courageous and prin­ THREATS TO THE ARTS the artists they support. cipled stance. May his example fortify his colleagues! Why do I say this? * * * * * It seems clear that the religious and politi­ Now I have spoken to you this evening IMPROVING THE COALITION cal right, having achieved significant change about the founding of the National Endow­ Fourth, I think it imperative that we ex­ in the legislation governing the National En­ ment for the Arts, the years of its success pand and improve the coalition working for dowment for the Arts, sees the issue of cen­ and the months of controversy. the arts. Let me linger on this matter for a sorship of art as a political winner. Despite all that I have said, as I look to moment. Although the legislation reauthorizing the the future, I am far from pessimistic. I be­ I am well aware that the battle to save the NEA will not be up for discussion until 1993, lieve there are some directions in which we National Endowment for the Arts has pro­ advocates of the arts should not think the should-and can-be moving as we seek to duced points of serious friction among arts year ahead a time to relax. You will recall reaffirm the commitment to the arts built advocates, with some organizations deter­ that to launch their first strike against the up over the past two-and-a-half decades. Let mined to pursue an agenda separate from agency, Senator Helms and other opponents me state them. and even antithetical to the interests of oth­ of the NEA used an appropriations bill. AN AGENDA FOR THE ARTS: THE PRESIDENT AND ers. Indeed, the renewal of efforts by fundamen­ CHAIRPERSON As one who has lived much of his life in the talist organizations and by politicians to My first exhortation is a challenge to the arena of political combat, I must warn you clean up the NEA are described in a recent Commander-In-Chief in the White House to that if arts advocates float warring agendas, issue of the conservative weekly Human act to preserve and encourage the arts. your oponents will perceive your weakness Events. Quoting Senator Helms' warning, We meet only weeks after the end of the and exploit it, and policymakers will play "You ain't seen nothing yet," the magazine war in the Persian Gulf and a m111tary vic­ you off one against another. notes, "Helms' warning, "You ain't seen tory for which President Bush deserves sig­ For coalitions to succeed-whether minori­ nothing yet," the magazine notes, "Helms nificant credit. Americans are feeling better ties pressing to win civil rights or environ­ watchers know well that empty bluffs are about themselves than they have in some mentalists to repel a hostile Secretary of the not his style." years, and Mr. Bush is basking in extraor­ Interior-members must settle their dif­ Indicative of right wing activism is a new dinary popularity. ferences before they come to Congress and broadside, entitled, "The National Endow­ For all his brilliant handling of the Gulf seek to present a united front. ment for the Arts: Misusing Taxpayers' war, however, Mr. Bush has not given similar So it is most encouraging to me that you Money," produced by The Heritage Founda­ leadership to the nation on the home front. are taking steps to achieve consensus, in­ tion. This document achieves the same You and I know that when the Scuds were cluding the formation of the Legislative Coa­ standards of objectivity, sweet reason and fired at the NEA, no Patriots were fired from lition that I know has been meeting in Wash­ intellectual rigor that we have come to ex­ the White House. ington. Keep at it! pect from extremist enemies of the Endow­ And you and I know that the triumph over Moreover, for your advocacy to be most ef­ ment. Saddam Hussein will balance no budget; cure fective, I urge you to broaden your coalition May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9889 to embrace those whose interests in signifi­ And what is the case? It is that the arts For an artist to create what society needs, cant ways coincide with your own-edu­ are essential; the arts are not something to he or she must be given the opportunity to cators, scholars, performers, art collectors be thrown a bone after everything else is try . . . Nurturing the broad range of the na­ and dealers, business and civic leaders, taken care of because everyting else will tion's creativity is far more important than among others. never be taken care of. the few tempests that arise. I say that be­ In this regard, as a university president, I And it will be up to ea.ch of you to make cause of my conviction that the cornerstone must tell you that I have been frankly dis­ clear that the arts matter. of any culture is the nurtured talent of its appointed by the relative absence these past It will be up to each of you to press both creative artists. two years of scholars willing to defend free­ for more generous support of the arts by the You and I then must strive to ensure that dom of expression in the arts. Freedom en­ Federal government and for the removal of we nurture the talent of our creative artists dangered anywhere is freedom endangered harmful tax policies that discourage giving so that art-beautiful, ugly; ordered, unruly; everywhere. to the arts by private benefactors. free-spirited, controlled . . . but indispen­ ARTS EDUCATION AND ACCESS It will be up to each of you to help replace sable-continues to nurture the creativity of Fifth, I believe we must much more effec­ the distorted image of the National Endow­ our nation. tively teach children to appreciate the arts ment for the Arts peddled by its enemies. and to respect artists. The arts can play an All of us, you and I, msut remind people of indispensable role in a child's learning. the close connection between support for the CHILDREN'S HEALTH PLAN I am proud in this connection that the New arts and the greater public interests that are York University School of Education, served. For you and I know the immense dif­ HON. 11M01HY J. PENNY Health, Nursing and Arts Professions houses ference that the arts and artists make to en­ riching our lives as individual persons and to OF MINNESOTA the National Arts Education Research Cen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ter. This center, supported by the National building a culture that illumines and enno­ Endowment for the Arts and the U.S. Depart­ bles. Thursday, May 2, 1991 ment of Education, is studying the most ef­ In recent weeks, you and I have been re­ flecting on the fundamental values that Mr. PENNY. Mr. Speaker, today, along with fective ways to improve arts instruction in my Minnesota colleagues, Messrs. OBERSTAR, elementary and secondary schools. characterize us as Americans-the willing­ I also commend the members of Congress ness to risk life for a cause we believe in, a VENTO, SABO, SIKORSKI, and COLLIN PETER­ who in the reauthorization bill for the Arts love of country no one can take from us, a SON, I am introducing a national children's Endowment last fall acted to include new belief in the sanctity of individual freedom. health plan [CHP], based on the already suc­ spending authority for access to the arts Proud as we are of the engine of our econ­ cessful Minnesota Children's Health Plan. The omy or of our military might, we know, too, through support of education. premise of this legislation is simple: Preventive Indeed, although arts education was not on that the more enduring legacy of our wealth as a people is in the canvases of our painters, outpatient care for children is a sound invest­ our agenda, members of the Independent ment in the lives and futures of young Ameri­ Commission felt so strongly about the sub­ the songs of our composers and the words of ject that we recommended that the NEA our poets. cans. The bill provides federally paid out­ "collaborate to a greater extent with state Here I recall some of the most eloquent patient care for children ages 1 through 18 and local arts agencies and with other sec­ testimony I heard in all my years of sitting whose parents' income is between 133 and tors of society to advance arts education." in Congressional hearings. The witness was 185 percent of the Federal poverty line and We added: "Recognizing that contributions the distinguished American artist, Robert Motherwell, who was testifying in 1970 in who choose, via an enrollment fee, to partici­ to arts education can be made by several fed­ pate in the program. eral agencies, the Commission believes that support of legislation I had introduced to en­ courage education about the environment. In many places and in many ways, the need the National Endowment for the Arts should for improved preventive and primary care for lead this effort." This is what Motherwell said: Although the Commission drew particular I am sure that scientists have or will tes­ children has already been demonstrated. Just attention to arts education for children, tify to the relevant facts here and know yesterday, an editorial in the Washington Post which I wholeheartedly support, I think it them far better than I. I speak only as an called for Congress to see to it that "every also imperative to encourage arts education artist. But to speak as an artist is no small thing. Most people ignorantly suppose that toddler gets the vaccines he or she needs." in our colleges and universities, in commu­ Children's health plan would help meet that nity institutions and in lifelong learning artists are the decorators of our human ex­ istence, the esthetes to whom the cultivated need. programs. Here's how the plan works: A family quali­ Sixth, and as I speak of enhancing knowl­ may turn when the real business of the day edge and understanding of the arts, I think it is done. But actually what an artist is, is a fies for CHP if the parents earn between 133 important, too, to find ways to enable more person skilled in expressing human feeling and 185 percent of the poverty line and don't Americans to enjoy more art. ... Far from being merely decorative, the already have health insurance. If they choose Let me give you an example of what I'm artist's awareness . . . is one . . . of the few to enroll in CHP, they complete a simple appli­ guardians of the inherent sanity and equi­ talking about. cation form-about four pages long and avail­ I have in mind a new dimension of the Arts librium of the human spirit that we have. For my part, I believe that proponents of able by mail-and pay a $40 annual fee for and Artifacts Indemnity Act, of which I each child, up to a family yearly maximum of spoke earlier. I propose that Congress now Federal support of the arts, support unfet­ consider providing indemnification by the tered by restrictions imposed by govern­ $200. The completed application and fee are Federal government to protect art and arti­ ment, will continue to find encouragement mailed to the State office and, in return, each facts housed in museums in the United States in the report my colleagues and I on the child receives a CHP membership card. When for exhibit throughout our own country. Be­ Independent Commission prepared last year. outpatient services are needed, the card is I hope that legislators and other public offi­ cause the cost of insuring materials loaned presented to physicians and clinics who pro­ to other museums can be prohibitively ex­ cials will resist the impulse to censor, re­ membering the admonition of our group that vide a variety of services including prescription pensive, many Americans cannot see great drugs, immunizations, mental health evalua­ works of art housed in American museums. "Maintaining the principle of an open soci­ Through such a program, to illustrate, the ety requires all of us, at times, to put up tions, vision care, and annual checkups. Pro­ Snite Museum at the University of Notre with much we do not like but the bargain viders bill the central CHP billing office-in Dame, in my hometown, could show treasur­ has proved in the long run a good one." Minnesota this service is provided by contract For what I think should be obvious from through the medical assistance office. States ers of the Metropolitan Museum of Art to the record of the National Endowment for South Benders. Or Asian masterpieces from the Arts and other Federal programs to sup­ then receive 100 percent Federal payment for Kansas City or Cleveland might travel to the port culture is that our national govern­ all medical services rendered. Families can re­ West Coast where large populations of Asian­ ment, with modest amounts of money, with­ ceive covered services from any health care Americans, and others, could see them. His­ out stifling bureaucratic control and without provider who is enrolled in the Medical Assist­ panic-Americans in Florida and New York unwarranted intervention, can provide sup­ ance Program and reimbursement is based on might have the chance to look at Latin­ port for the arts in ways that greatly en­ American art from museums in the South­ those policies and rates. Since many children hance the quality of American life. will qualify for both CHP and medical assist­ west. As I conclude these remarks, I recall for MAKING THE CASE FOR THE ARTS you the words of Nancy Hanks just 17 years ance at different periods within the same year, I have one final observation, and it is this: ago when she replied to some who even then families are allowed to move back and forth You and I must continue to make the case were attempting to impose censorship on the between the two programs and the CHP fee is for the arts with our elected representatives Endowment. Said Nancy, in words as power­ not charged a second time within the year to here in Washington, D.C. ful for 1991 as when she wrote them, in 1974: re-enroll.

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 !Pt. 7J 36 9890 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 What makes this program different from (2) by striking the semicolon at the end of tion 1902(a)(l0)(A)(i)(VIII), except that, in the Medicaid? The obvious difference is that this subclause (VII) and inserting ", or", and case of children in a family, the annual en­ program is financed 100 percent by Federal (3) by adding at the end the following new rollment fee shall not exceed $200 for the en­ dollars, without requiring matching State subclause: rollment of all the eligible children in the "(Vill) who are under 19 years of age, same family.". funds. This removes any State disincentive to whose family income (as determined under (e) 100 PERCENT FEDERAL FINANCIAL PAR­ participate in the program. Admirable as our subsection (1)(3)(E)) does not exceed 185 per­ TICIPATION.- passage last year in Omnibus Budget Rec­ cent of the income official poverty line (re­ (1) MEDICAL ASSISTANCE.-The last sen­ onciliation Act of 1990 of the requirement that ferred to in subsection (1)(2)(A)(i)) for a fam­ tence of section 1905(b) of such Act (42 U.S.C. States gradually expand Medicaid coverage to ily of the size involved, and who are not oth­ 1396d(b)) is amended by inserting before the children within this same group, States still erwise eligible for medical assistance for the period at the end the following: "or expended must cover their costs. More significant, how­ same amount, duration, and scope of services as medical assistance for individuals entitled ever, is the fact that families pay to participate as individuals described in subclause (VI);". to medical assistance under section 1902(a)(lO)(A)(i)(Vill)". in this program, just as they buy into other in­ (b) SCOPE OF BENEFITS.-Section 1902(a)(l0) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. (2) ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES.-Section surance programs. This is a distinction with a 1396a(a)(l0)), as amended by sections 1903(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396b(a)) is difference. Program officials in the Minnesota 4402(d)(l) and 4713(a)(l)(D) of the Omnibus amended- program have consistently found that families Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, is amend­ (A) by striking "plus" at the end of para­ prefer to buy this insurance rather than to take ed, in the matter following subparagraph graph (6), what they see as a government handout. It al­ (f)- (B) by redesignating paragraph (7) as para­ lows them to actually invest in their children's (1) by striking"; and (XI)" and inserting", graph (8), and care and makes them active participants in (XI)", (C) by inserting after paragraph (6) the fol­ seeing that necessary care is given. Further, (2) by striking ", and (XI)" and inserting ", lowing new paragraph: the program is easily accessible through a (XII)", and "(7) an amount equal to 100 percent of the (3) by inserting before the semicolon at the amounts expended during such quarter as simple, mail-in application form-about 4 end the following: ", and (XIII) the medical found necessary by the Secretary for the pages long compared to the Medicaid applica­ assistance made available to an individual proper and efficient administration of the tion which runs to 37 pages. Families are not described in subparagraph (A)(i)(Vill) shall State plan with respect to individuals enti­ required to go to county welfare offices or not include medical assistance for items and tled to medical assistance under section other social services agencies to enroll which services described in paragraphs (1), (8), (15), 1902(a)(l0)(A)(1)(Vill); plus". saves them time, trouble and, for many, em­ (16), (18), (19) and (24) of section 1905(a) or for (f) FINANCING THROUGH PAYROLL TAX.- barrassment. orthodontics and shall be limited, in the case (1) ELIMINATION OF CAP ON WAGES SUBJECT Additionally, States which already provide of mental health services (including diag­ TO HOSPITAL INSURANCE TAX.-Subparagraph nosis, assessment, and treatment), to pay­ (B) of section 312l(x)(2) of the Internal Reve­ Medicaid benefits up to 185 percent of the ment of not more than Sl,500 for any individ­ nue Code of 1986 (relating to applicable con­ poverty line will still receive a percentage of ual for any year". tribution base) is amended to read as follows: CHP Federal funding, which will be based on (C) EXPANSION OF OUTREACH AND STATEWIDE "(B) for any calendar year after 1991, an estimates of needy children within that State. ENROLLMENT.-Section 1902(a) of the Social unlimited amount." That would allow States to serve other health Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396(a)) is amended­ (2) ADDITIONAL REVENUES NOT DEPOSITED IN care needs. For instance, a medical assist­ (1) by striking "and" at the end of para­ FEDERAL HOSPITAL INSURANCE TRUST FUND.­ ance office could allocate this money to a cat­ graph (54); Section 1817(a) of the Social Security Act (42 astrophic fund for children needing such things (2) in the paragraph (55) inserted by section U.S.C. 1395i(a)) is amended by adding at the 4602(a)(3) of the Omnibus Budget Reconcili­ end the following new sentence: "Notwith­ as transplants, cancer treatments, and so ation Act of 1990- standing the previous provisions of this sub­ forth. A child qualify for this fund based on a (A) by inserting "(a)(lO)(A)(i)(VIII)," after section, whenever in this subsection a ref­ lack of insurance coverage, the severity of the "(a)(lO)(A)(i)(VII),", and erence is made to the taxes imposed by sec­ illness, and the cost of treatment. (B) by striking the period at the end and tion 310l(b), 3lll(b), or 140l(b) of the Internal The initial cost of the CHP would be about inserting a semicolon; Revenue Code of 1986 with respect to wages $3 billion annually, which would be financed (3) by redesignating the paragraph (55) in­ or self-employment income, the reference by removing the cap on the maximum amount serted by section 4604(b)(3) of the Omnibus shall not include taxes imposed as a result of of income subject to the Medicare hospital in­ Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 as para­ the amendments made by section 2(e) of the graph (56), by transferring and inserting it Child Health Program Act of 1991." surance payroll tax. This means applying the after the paragraph (55) inserted by section (3) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.-Subclause 1.45-percent payroll tax to incomes above 4602(a)(3) of such Act, and by striking the pe­ (II) of section 323l(e)(2)(B)(i) of the Internal $125,000. riod at the end and inserting a semicolon; Revenue Code of 1986 (defining applicable This plan is workable and achievable. The (4) by placing paragraphs (57) and (58), in­ base for purposes of railroad retirement tax) costs are considerably less than most of the serted by section 475l(a)(l)(C) of the Omnibus is amended by striking "for any calendar other health plans now being offered on Cap­ Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, imme­ year the applicable contribution base deter­ itol Hill. If we cannot afford to provide this diately after paragraph (56), as redesignated mined under section 312l(x)(2) for such cal­ modest health plan for our children, we're kid­ by paragraph (3); endar year" and inserting the following: (5) in the paragraph (58) inserted by section "$125,000 for calendar year 1991, and for any ding ourselves to think that we can find fund­ 475l(a)(l)(C) of the Omnibus Budget Rec­ calendar year after 1991 the applicable base ing for a health plan for all Americans. By fo­ onciliation Act of 1990, by striking the period for the preceding year adjusted in the same cusing on prevention, the children's health at the end and inserting a semicolon; manner as is used in adjusting the contribu­ plan will allow us to take a giant stride toward (6) by redesignating the paragraph (58) in­ tion and benefit base under section 230(b) of the goal of keeping America's children healthy. serted by section 4752(c)(l)(C) of the Omnibus the Social Security Act". I urge my colleagues to join me in cosponsor­ Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 as para­ (4) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments ing this vital legislation. graph (59), by transferring and inserting it made by this subsection shall apply with re­ H.R.- after the paragraph (58) inserted by section spect to renumeration paid after December 475l(a)(l)(C) of such Act, and by striking the 31, 1991, and with respect to earnings from Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ period at the end and inserting"; and"; and self-employment attributable to taxable resentatives of the United States of America in (7) by inserting after paragraph (59), as so years beginning after such date. Congress assembled, redesignated, the following new paragraph: (g) MAINTENANCE OF EFFORT FOR INFANTS.­ SECTION 1. SHORT Tl'n.E. "(60) provide for a simple, uniform, state­ Section 1902(1)(2)(A) of the Social Security This Act may be cited as the "Child Health wide mail application process for individuals Act is amended- Program Act of 1991". seeking entitlement to medical assistance "(l) in clause (ii)(II), by inserting "or SEC. 2. CHILD HEALTH PROGRAM. under paragraph (lO)(A)(i)(Vill).". clause (v)" after "clause (iv)", and (a) ELIGIBILITY.-Section 1902(a)(lO)(A)(i) of (d) ANNUAL ENROLLMENT FEE.-Section "(2) by adding at the end the following new the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1916(c) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396o(c)) is clause: 1396a(a)(l0)(A)(i)), as amended by section amended by adding at the end the following "(v) In the case of a State which, as of the 460l(a)(l)(A) of the Omnibus Budget Rec­ new paragraph: date of the enactment of this clause, has es­ onciliation Act of 1990, is amended- "(5) The State plan shall provide for an an­ tablished under clause (1), or has enacted leg­ (1) by striking "or" at the end of nual enrollment fee of S40 for each child islation authorizing, or appropriating fund, subclause, (VI), seeking medical assistance pursuant to sec- to provide for, a percentage (of the income May 2, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9891 official poverty line) that is greater than 133 unglamorous, untitled, unpaid-walk the na­ I insert the statement I made before the percent, the percentage provided under tion's ways as a movable feast-never tast­ subcommittee printed in the RECORD: clause (ii) for medical assistance on or after ing the cake of despair from MacArthur's REMARKS OF HON. TED WEISS October l, 1992, shall not be less than- Park. They know no fatigue, only the toil of "(!) the percentage specified by the State doing a great giving thing: they refresh our Mr. Chairman and members of the sub­ in an amendment to its State plan (whether national spirit with the gift of loyalty. Life committee, I am grateful for this oppor­ approved or not) as of the date of the enact­ and Liberty are dormant birthrights until tunity to testify on the fiscal year 1992 budg­ ment of this clause, or mingled with loyalty. Then the three become ets of our Nation's Federal arts agencies and "(II) if no such percentage is specified as of an American Trinity: a spirit of one and de­ their continued viability. I must begin by ex­ the date of the enactment of this clause, the mocracy flourishes. pressing my great admiration and respect for percentage established under the State's au­ The people of politics work the work of the commitment which the chairman and thorizing legislation or provided for under many. The work is much-and the workers subcommittee have shown in protecting and few. For so many, politics has not been tried promoting the arts in our Nation for nearly the State's appropriations.". two decades. It is in no small measure due to (h) TREATMENT OF CERTAIN STATES AND and found wanting; politics has been found too hard and left untried. But the people of your sensitivity and wisdom that the arts TERRrroRIEs.-Section 1902(1)(4) of such Act have been able to flourish throughout the (42 U.S.C. 1396a(1)(4)), as amended by section politics and their work never stop. The best measurement of loyalties harvest country during this time and that the agen­ 4601(a)(l)(C) of the · Omnibus Budget Rec­ cies have been able to fundamentally change onc111ation Act of 1990, is amended- and the quality of its yield are by the chron­ icles of tJmes past. In the "old country" of the country's cultural landscape. (!) in subparagraph (A), by inserting "or Mr. Chairman, today the Nation's cultural subsection (a)(lO)(A)(i)(VIII)" after our memories, a General returned from Nor­ mandy with a promise of peace and prosper­ community is at risk of losing theatres, "(a)(lO)(A)(i)(VII)", dance companies, opera companies, and a (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking "or ity. His victory was great. Loyalty was easy. But soon, harder times, and a voice from the multitude of arts organizations. Economic (a)(lO)(A)(i)(VII)" and inserting downturn and the assault on the arts which "(a)(lO)(A)(i)(VII), or (a)(lO)(A)(i)(Vill)", and right and the frontier spoke his heart. He spoke the truth. Some had forgotten. He re­ took place last year have already begun to (3) by adding at the end the following new take their toll. Certainly, the administra­ subparagraph: minded us. "The defense of Liberty is no vice." His defeat was hard. But the people of tion's proposed freeze in the budget of the "(C) In the case of a State which is not one NEA at $174 million only exacerbates the sit­ of the 50 States or the District of Columbia, politics and their loyalty were harder still. Then victory again-precious victory-with uation. instead of '185 percent' specified in sub­ With the aid of the NEA, NEH and IMS, section (a)(lO(A)(i)(VIII), the State (if under expectations that went beyond horizons-and his fall so sudden, swift-so steep. And the arts groups have proliferated, bringing with subparagraph (B) it elects such provision to their artistic excellence a great diversity of apply) shall substitute a percent which does people of politics endured ridicule from with­ out and heart pain from within. It was a si­ programming and outreach activities which not exceed 100 percent.". have educated and motivated our children, (1) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments lent hurt that could only be shared by the people of politics. Then quickly the new touched our adults and have had a signifi­ made by this section apply (except as pro­ cant effect on the lives of our citizens. vided in subsection (f)(4)) to payments under man, so brief, so much a common man and loyalty sustained. The constitution worked. We are all aware of the realities of a down­ title XIX of the Social Security Act for cal­ A decade ago the first distant calls of our turn in the economy. But what we must be endar quarters beginning on or after October next century, turned two men toward a na­ aware of is the devastating effect which a 1, 1992, without regard to whether or not tional vision of new order. And great world tightening of resources, pullback of con­ final regulations to carry out such amend­ walls began to fall at democracy's feet. The tributions and shrinking Federal percentage ments have been promulgated by such date. New Country begins. We were proud again! has had on the artistic community: 42 per­ The work of loyalty continues uninter­ cent of nonprofit theatres ended their sea­ rupted; and the quality of the yield is good. sons with operating deficits, while seven the­ TRIBUTE TO G. FRANCIS BRENNAN So for the people of politics, their fidelities atres-ceased operations in 1990 due to finan­ and their labors we search for a proper Song cial adversity; 24 of 50 dance companies sur­ HON. GARY A. FRANKS of Praise. And' only the word/mix reserved for veyed by Dance/USA posted deficits while six poets of heroes and romances will satisfy. of the Nation's finest companies came dan­ OF CONNECTICUT gerously close to the brink of financial disas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Then their anthem will be fulfilled. ter this year; 47 percent of recently surveyed Thursday, May 2, 1991 And the words will speak; opera companies surveyed had losses; and, of Once more, into the breach, the 40 largest orchestras in the U.S., 'J:l post­ Mr. FRANKS of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, Once more, for the country they go. ed operating deficits at the close of the 1989- on behalf of myself, Congresswoman NANCY They are the few, 90 season. JOHNSON, and Congressman CHRISTOPHER They are the gallant few, Meanwhile, as a result of last year's reau­ SHAYS of Connecticut, we wish to acknowl­ They are a giving and courageous few; thorization legislation, five NEA program . edge the contribution of G. Francis Brennan of They are a loyal and happy few. categories have been eliminated and $12 mil­ From where do we get such, lion shifted form the program discipline Waterbury, CT. These, our band of brothers. On April 20, members of the Connecticut grants-moneys already spread extremely From democracy's country they come. thin-to the States. The NEA had already Republican Party honored Mr. Brennan, a man been struggling to fulfill its mandate of in­ with a long record of accomplishment in civic creasing access to the arts and awarding or­ and political life. GREATER SUPPORT FOR OUR ganizations and individuals of outstanding At the annual Prescott Bush dinner, Mr. NATION'S CULTURAL AGENCIES merit; now it is asked to do so with even less Brennan was presented with the Pat Futner program money. Award-given to a member of the Connecticut HON. TED WEISS Last year's attacks on the NEA and on the Republican Party who has worked long and OF NEW YORK very essence of artistic creativity had an es­ pecially damaging effect. The Federal Gov­ hard for the political process. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernment is now viewed by many as consider­ Mr. Brennan is what public service and Thursday, May 2, 1991 ing the arts as trivial, as perhaps too con­ good politics is all about, regardless of political troversial and as something less than a pri­ party. Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, today I had the ority. As the new chairman of the Congres­ True to fonn, Mr. Brennan gave an eloquent honor of testifying before the Interior Appro­ sional Arts Caucus, I shudder to think that acceptance speech, which we believe, touch­ priations Subcommittee on the fiscal year the Congress could be viewed as abandoning es on what makes our political process spe­ 1992 budgets of the Federal arts agencies­ a commitment to that which is so intrinsic cial. the first time doing so as chairman of the Con­ to our national identity. A tragedy in itself, Enclosed are his remarks to his fellow Re­ gressional Arts Caucus. this perception, combined with the realities The agencies-the National Endowments of economic conditions, has had severe reper­ publicans. cussions at State and local levels and in the REMARKS BY G. FRANCIS BRENNAN for the Arts and Humanities and the Institute of Museum Services-have supported the philanthropic world. The people of politics: honorable and un­ For the first time in thirteen years, State common. As the calendar moves, they work be~t of American artistic activities and, in arts appropriations and State per capita the time of seasons: Caucus, convention, pri­ doing so, have utterly changed our Nation's spending on the arts have decreased. Due to mary, election-victory or defeat-the next cultural landscape. Certainly, they are deserv­ fiscal woes, State governments are slashing day, another year. The people of politics- ing of our continued and increased support. budgets. While arts groups realize that these 9892 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 2, 1991 are difficult times and are willing to carry greater amount than agreed to in last year's through m111tary strength. If we took a their load, they have been targeted for dis­ budget summit, and use the dividend to re­ small part of the money we spend on NA TO proportionate cuts, not only in New York, duce the deficit and to fund social needs here and applied it to debt reduction in Latin but also in Virginia, Missouri, Michigan and at home. America, we would be better off morally and other States. from the standpoint of national security. Mr. FRANK'S article is beautifully written and Those who oppose Government funding of There will be debate over how much of our the arts by alleging that the private sector well worth reading. victory dividend should be used to reduce the and private contributions will absorb any [From the New York Times, May 1, 1991) deficit, how much should go to meet social pullback or dissolution of Federal and other SO CALL IT A "VICTORY DIVIDEND" needs, and how much should be spent to government funding are simply not in touch (By Barney Frank) avoid war. But properly understood-as a with ·reality. Their argument could not be WASHINGTON.-What's in a name? Some­ recognition of West's great success, rather further from the truth. One corporate rep­ than as a declaration that the world is now resentative of the philanthropic community times, hundreds of billions of dollars. In 1989, with the Russian empire crum­ safe for pacifism-the case for a phased-in re­ made the point very succinctly: "If the Gov­ duction of military spending should not be ernment feels that the arts are an important bling, some of us in Washington argued that the time had come to begin a shift of Ameri­ controversial. priority, we're going to follow suit. If it cuts In fact, the choice of reducing our deficit, back, we're also going to think twice." Sim­ ca's resources from the worldwide m111tary competition, which we are winning deci­ inoculating our children against disease, and ply put, where the Federal Government repairing our bridges and roads versus send­ leads, State local governments and other sively, to the global civ111an area where we are lagging. It makes no sense, we said, to ing large sums to subsidize Japan and Eu­ sectors of the country follow. rope should be an easy one. While the Federal attitude towards arts spend two to six times as much of our gross funding affects the amount of funding which national product on the military as do our other sectors of society are willing to give, it wealthy allies while they outsell America. It is poor policy, we argued, to spend more than FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF F. also sets the tone for the type of funding. JR. Last year's misinformation campaign caused $100 billion a year defending Western Europe JAMES SENSENBRENNER, from the defunct Warsaw Pact while our def­ other damage, that of potentially choosing icit expands and our infrastructure decays. HON. F. JAMFS SENSENBRENNER, JR. projects to fund that are "safe," non­ Our mistake was calling this a " peace divi­ controversial or simply more traditional. dend." The phrase suggested that its advo­ OF WISCONSIN This is a subject which this subcommittee cates were naive about the world, apologetic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and this Congress must weigh as well, for it about America's role in it, or both. Thursday, May 2, 1991 goes to the very heart of what constitutes a Consequently, when repression persisted in free society and what role a National Endow­ Russia, and America went to war in the gulf, Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, ment for the Arts should have in a society the peace dividend was pronounced dead. Had through the following statement, I am making that is multi-faceted, multi-racial, and com­ the case for it depended on Mikhail Gorba­ my financial net worth as of March 31, 1991, pletely diverse. I might add tha·t Congress chev becoming head of Amnesty Inter­ a matter of public record. I have filed similar has seen the result of cases which have been national and Saddam Hussein being as rea­ brought against the NEA regarding limita­ statements for each of the 12 preceding years sonable as the Bush Administration thought I have served in the Congress. tions on the content of grants. It is some­ he was before Aug. 2, it would deserve its de­ what easy for this Congress to simply add mise. ASSETS language to a bill in an attempt to avoid But it didn't. And doesn't. Given the dras­ that which some, perhaps even many, would tic weakening of the Communist military Real property Value find disturbing. It is much more difficult to the great increase in industrial strength of do this and still maintain the principles of Single family residence at 609 Fort Williams Parkway, city our allies and America's proven military su­ of Alexandria, VA. at assessed valuation. (Assessed at the Constitution. periority over any likely adversary, a mili­ $651 ,800.00 Ratio of assessed to market value: 100 I ask the subcommittee to seriously weigh tary budget that is less than two-thirds of percent.) (Encumbered) ...... $651 ,800.00 what is gained by freezing the funding of the Condom inium at N76 Wl4726 North Point Drive, Village our current expenditure would more than of Menomonee Falls, Waukesha County, WI, at asses- Federal arts agencies or pulling money away suffice to keep us the strongest power in the sor's estimated market value. (Unencumbered) ...... 73,400.00 from the program disciplines against what is world. Undivided 25/44ths interest in single fam ily residence at gained by these catalytic and effective funds. N52 W32654 Maple Lane, Village of Chenequa, What taxpayers are entitled to after 45 Waukesha County, WI, at 25144ths of assessor' s esti­ For FY '91, NEA program grants totaling ap­ years of carrying a grossly disproportionate mated market value of $274,400.00. (Unencumbered) .. 155,909.09 proximately $122.4 million generated Sl.47 share of the non-Communist world's military Total rea l property ...... billion in non-federal funds. That is a greater burden is a "victory dividend." It is a divi­ 881 ,109.09 than 10:1 impact and a wallop of an effect. dend, because it is more than $100 billion a To bring the NEA's discipline programs up year that we can use for health care, deficit PERSONAL PROPERTY to levels comparable to FY 1981-the last reduction, education or any other purpose. It time there was significant increase in the No. of is a victory dividend because it has been shares Common and preferred stocks Value NEA's budget-while taking into account in­ made possible by our success in the cold war flation and the funding of the initiatives and the increased self-defense capability of 338 $10,604.75 mandated in last year's reauthorization leg­ 467,216 ~~~~a~1e1::h~~ ·rf el~g~a·p·h·· ai. .$34 :25··:::::: 16,002.15 our allies. 558 Idaho Power Corp. at $26.625 •••...... ••...... 14,856.75 islation, would require S255 million. I believe It is not a call to disarm. We should retain 22 Ogden Projects Corp. at $20.50 ...... 451.00 that that is a fair amount to ask for the NEA the ability to deter nuclear war, to deploy 450 First Interstate Bancorp. at $33 .375 ...... 15,018.75 and would mark a real commitment to pre­ 146,877 American Information Technoloeies at $67.00 .. . 9,840.76 air, sea and land power rapidly around the 193,145 Bell Atlantic Corp. at $51.375 .••.•.. •...... 9,922.82 serving and developing our national cultur