Songbird Use of Native and Invasive Fruit in the Northeastern USA
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ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL ______Volume 25 2014 No
ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL _________________________________________________________________________ Volume 25 2014 No. 3 _________________________________________________________________________ ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 25: 247–260, 2014 © The Neotropical Ornithological Society ACTIVIDADES DIARIAS Y USO DE HÁBITAT DE LA REINITA AMARILLA (SETOPHAGA PETECHIA) Y LA PIRANGA ROJA (PIRANGA RUBRA) EN UN ÁREA VERDE URBANA DE CALI, COLOMBIA Adriana del Pilar Caicedo-Argüelles & Lorena Cruz-Bernate Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Biología, Apartado Aéreo 25360 Cali, Colombia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. – Daily activities and habitat use of Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia) and Red Tana- ger (Piranga rubra) in a green urban area in Cali, Colombia. – Migratory birds are a group with com- plex ecology because they are affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors throughout their annual cycle. Although a lot of research has been conducted, further information on basic aspects such as feed- ing ecology is needed. From September 2011 to April 2012, a study was done on habitat use by Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia) and Red Tanager (Piranga rubra) on the campus of Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia. The recorded data included species, activity and its duration, foraging method, tree spe- cies, substrate, and height. “Foraging” was the activity with the largest proportion of time spent by birds; “Gleaning” was the most common foraging method used by the Yellow Warbler, while the Red Tanager used “Hovering” and “Sallying.” Of 50 plant species used, Samanea saman, Pithecellobium dulce, Gua- zuma ulmifolia, Leucaena leucocephala, Clitoria fairchildiana, and Jacaranda caucana were preferred. The most used height interval was 4–6 m, and substrates where birds were observed most frequently were “Twig,” “Leaves, flowers and fruits,” and “Secondary branch.” The present study demonstrates that an area with abundant trees can provide habitat for migratory birds, despite being located in an urban environment. -
Deciduous Forest Interior Birds Guild
Supplemental Volume: Species of Conservation Concern SC SWAP 2015 Deciduous Forest Interior Birds Guild Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula Hooded Warbler Setophaga americana Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia Northern Parula Setophaga americana Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea Black-throated Blue Warbler Setophaga caerulescens Summer Tanager Piranga rubra Black-throated Green Warbler (nominate race) Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina Setophaga virens Worm-eating Warbler Helmitheros vermivorus Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platyperus Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus Cerulean Warbler Setophaga cerulea Yellow-throated Vireo Vireo flavifroms Eastern Wood-pewee Contopus virens Yellow-throated Warbler Setophaga dominica NOTE: The Black-throated Green Warbler (nominate and Wayne’s) is covered in more detail in its own species account. Contributor (2005): Anna Huckabee Smith (SCDNR) Reviewed and Edited (2012): John Gerwin (NC Museum of Natural Sciences); (2013) Mary Catherine Martin (SCDNR) DESCRIPTION Taxonomy and Basic Description The species described in this report are in the perching bird order, Passeriformes, and represent 8 families: Icteridae (blackbirds), Cuculidae (cuckoos), Parulidae (wood warblers), Thraupidae (tanagers), Turdidae (thrushes), Vireonidae (vireos), Tyrannidae (pewees), and Accipitridae (hawks, kites, eagles). Currently accepted names for the Wood Thrush, Worm-eating Warbler, and Scarlet Tanager are from Gmelin (1789), while the Eastern Wood-pewee was first described by Linnaeus in 1766. The Baltimore Oriole was first described by Mark Catesby in 1731, and Linnaeus named it in 1758 (Rising and Flood 1998). Alexander Wilson first described the Black- billed Cuckoo in 1811, and the Yellow-billed Cuckoo was described by Linnaeus in 1758. The Black-and-White Warbler was first named by Linnaeus in 1766. -
To Download the Creamer's Field Student Activity Book
Creamer's Field Student Activity Book Creamer's Field Migratory Waterfowl Refuge Fairbanks, Alaska Page 2 Alaska Songbird Institute Table of Contents Introduction Waterfowl (Geese & Ducks) Welcome to the new Creamer's Field Greater White-fronted Goose...........4 Student Activity Book! This book Canada Goose...................................5 includes a coloring guide to many Mallard.............................................6 of the common birds you can see at Northern Pintail................................7 Creamer's Field. It also includes some Birds of Prey (Raptors) pages to use in school and at home. Bald Eagle........................................8 Peregrine Falcon...............................9 We hope that you will remember to Cranes bring it with you every time you visit Sandhill Crane.................................10 Creamer's Field and to share what you Flycatchers have learned with others! Alder Flycatcher...............................11 Chickadees If you have feedback or questions, Black-capped Chickadee..................12 please contact the Alaska Songbird Kinglets Institute. This book and other Ruby-crowned Kinglet.....................13 educational materials are available Thrushes on our website at: Swainson’s Thrush...........................14 http://aksongbird.org. American Robin...............................15 Warblers This book was provided for you by Orange-crowned Warbler.................16 the Alaska Songbird Institute with support from Yellow-rumped Warbler...................17 the Alaska Department -
Animal Species of Special Concern Reported from the Oak Ridge Reservation A
Animal species of special concern reported from the Oak Ridge Reservation a The following list identifies sensitive wildlife species found on the Oak Ridge Reservation. Some of these (e.g., anhinga) have been seen only once or a few times; others (e.g., sharp-shinned hawk, southeastern shrew) are comparatively common and widespread on the reservation. (Updated January 2009) Status b Scientific name Common name Federal State PIF c Fish Phoxinus tennesseensis Tennessee dace NM Amphibians and Reptiles Crytobranchus alleganiensis hellbender MC NM Hemidactylium scutatum four-toed salamander NM Birds DARTERS Anhinga anhinga anhinga NM BITTERNS & HERONS Ardea alba great egret NM Egretta caerulea little blue heron NM Egretta thula snowy egret NM KITES, HAWKS, EAGLES, & allies Haliaeetus leucocephalus bald eagle d NM Circus cyaneus northern harrier NM Accipiter striatus sharp-shinned hawk NM Buteo platypterus broad-winged hawk RI FALCONS Falco peregrinus peregrine falcon e E RI GROUSE, TURKEY, & QUAIL Bonasa umbellus ruffed grouse RI Colinus virginianus northern bobwhite RI RAILS, GALLINULES, & COOTS Gallinula chloropus common moorhen NM OWLS Aegolius acadicus northern saw-whet owl MC T RI Tyto alba barn owl NM GOATSUCKERS Caprimulgus carolinensis chuck-will's-widow RI Caprimulgus vociferus whip-poor-will RI Page 1 of 3 Status b Scientific name Common name Federal State PIF c (Birds, continued) SWIFTS Chaetura pelagica chimney swift RI KINGFISHERS Ceryle alcyon belted kingfisher RI WOODPECKERS Melanerpes erythrocephalus red-headed woodpecker RI -
Weight and Size Variation in the Gray Catbird
WEIGHT AND SIZE VARIATION IN THE GRAY CATBIRD BY GILBERT S. RAYNOR INTRODUCTION Weights of wild birds fluctuate becauseof various activity patterns governed by either internal or external stimuli. Important short time- scaleactivities include locomotion,feeding, and defecation;those on a longer time-scaleinclude migration, reproduction, and molt. Stimuli controllingthese activitiesinclude day length, temperature, hunger, fright, and many others, someoperating directly and others indirectly. Weight changesin living birds provide cluesto other aspectsof their biology,to environmentalstresses, and to the longer-periodactivities in which the speciesor individualis engaged. Becauseof the many variablesdetermining the instantaneousweight of a bird and the limited number of times a wild bird can be captured and weighed(particularly without inadvertently influencing the weight), usefulinformation on cyclicalor systematicchanges can best be obtained from statisticalanalyses of large numbersof weightstaken throughout the duration of the cycleof interest.This paper presentsan analysisof weightvariation in the Gray Catbird (Dumetellacarolinensis) and relates thesevariations to time of day and year, activitypatterns, age, and sex. In contrastto weight, linear measurementsof individual birds are relativelyconstant after full growth is attained.Some change takes place in wing and tail length by wear betweenmolts but this is typicallyslow and gradual (Blake, 1971). Thus, sizeof the Catbird is documentedby age and sex but related only to season. Many authorshave reported bird weightsand several(Baldwin and Kendeigh, 1938; Becker and Stack, 1944; Wiseman, 1975) have ana- lyzedtheir data by age, sex,time of day or season.Most data were taken from living birds but somefrom tower kills (Graber and Graber, 1962; Tordoff and Mengel, 1956). Causesof weight changesand their signif- icance have been discussedpreviously (Nice, 1938; Blake, 1956). -
Bird) Species List
Aves (Bird) Species List Higher Classification1 Kingdom: Animalia, Phyllum: Chordata, Class: Reptilia, Diapsida, Archosauria, Aves Order (O:) and Family (F:) English Name2 Scientific Name3 O: Tinamiformes (Tinamous) F: Tinamidae (Tinamous) Great Tinamou Tinamus major Highland Tinamou Nothocercus bonapartei O: Galliformes (Turkeys, Pheasants & Quail) F: Cracidae Black Guan Chamaepetes unicolor (Chachalacas, Guans & Curassows) Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps F: Odontophoridae (New World Quail) Black-breasted Wood-quail Odontophorus leucolaemus Buffy-crowned Wood-Partridge Dendrortyx leucophrys Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis Spotted Wood-Quail Odontophorus guttatus O: Suliformes (Cormorants) F: Fregatidae (Frigatebirds) Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens O: Pelecaniformes (Pelicans, Tropicbirds & Allies) F: Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets & Bitterns) Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis O: Charadriiformes (Sandpipers & Allies) F: Scolopacidae (Sandpipers) Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius O: Gruiformes (Cranes & Allies) F: Rallidae (Rails) Gray-Cowled Wood-Rail Aramides cajaneus O: Accipitriformes (Diurnal Birds of Prey) F: Cathartidae (Vultures & Condors) Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura F: Pandionidae (Osprey) Osprey Pandion haliaetus F: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles & Kites) Barred Hawk Morphnarchus princeps Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus Red-tailed -
New Zealand Passerines Help Clarify the Diversification of Major Songbird Lineages During the Oligocene
GBE New Zealand Passerines Help Clarify the Diversification of Major Songbird Lineages during the Oligocene Gillian C. Gibb1,*,y, Ryan England2,4,y, Gerrit Hartig2,5, Patricia A. (Trish) McLenachan2, Briar L. Taylor Smith1, Bennet J. McComish2,6, Alan Cooper3, and David Penny2 1Ecology Group, Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand 2Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand 3Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 4Present address: Forensic Business Group, Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR Ltd.), Mt Albert Science Centre, Auckland, New Zealand 5Present address: Starlims Germany GmbH An Abbott Company, Witten, Germany 6Present address: School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]. yThese authors contributed equally to this work. Accepted: October 7, 2015 Data deposition: This project has been deposited at GenBank under the accession numbers KC545397-KC545409, KT894672. Abstract Passerines are the largest avian order, and the 6,000 species comprise more than half of all extant bird species. This successful radiation probably had its origin in the Australasian region, but dating this origin has been difficult due to a scarce fossil record and poor biogeographic assumptions. Many of New Zealand’s endemic passerines fall within the deeper branches of the passerine radiation, and a well resolved phylogeny for the modern New Zealand element in the deeper branches of the oscine lineage will help us understand both oscine and passerine biogeography. To this end we present complete mitochondrial genomes representing all families of New Zealand passerines in a phylogenetic framework of over 100 passerine species. -
Bird-Friendly Building Guide
Bird-Friendly Building Design Vassar’s Bridge for Laboratory Sciences, shown here under construction in October 2015. The building is scheduled to open in January 2016. Cover rendering and photos courtesy of Ennead Architects Cover rendering and photo this page: The new Bridge for Laboratory Sciences building at Vassar College, designed by Richard Olcott/Ennead Architects, redefines the identity of the sciences on the College’s historic campus and provides technologically advanced facilities for students, faculty, and researchers. Fundamental to the building’s design is its seamless integration with the natural landscape, scale, and campus aesthetic of the College. In this natural wooded setting, the need for strategies to reduce bird collisions with the building was apparent. In response, the building was designed to comply with LEED Pilot Credit 55: Bird Collision Deterrence. Ennead managing partner Guy Maxwell is a nationally recognized champion of bird-friendly design and has led Ennead’s innovative approach to make the building’s glazing safer for birds, employing patterned glass, screens and sunshades, and Ornilux glass, a specialty glass product that uses a UV coating visible to birds but not humans. By framing and showcasing views of the landscape, the building celebrates and connects students with the surrounding environment, while the overall development of the precinct repurposes an Exterior glass detail Glass detail, showing frit pattern underutilized sector of campus. Table of Contents Executive Summary ...........................................................4 -
Passerines: Perching Birds
3.9 Orders 9: Passerines – perching birds - Atlas of Birds uncorrected proofs 3.9 Atlas of Birds - Uncorrected proofs Copyrighted Material Passerines: Perching Birds he Passeriformes is by far the largest order of birds, comprising close to 6,000 P Size of order Cardinal virtues Insect-eating voyager Multi-purpose passerine Tspecies. Known loosely as “perching birds”, its members differ from other Number of species in order The Northern or Common Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) The Common Redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus) was The Common Magpie (Pica pica) belongs to the crow family orders in various fine anatomical details, and are themselves divided into suborders. Percentage of total bird species belongs to the cardinal family (Cardinalidae) of passerines. once thought to be a member of the thrush family (Corvidae), which includes many of the larger passerines. In simple terms, however, and with a few exceptions, passerines can be described Like the various tanagers, grosbeaks and other members (Turdidae), but is now known to belong to the Old World Like many crows, it is a generalist, with a robust bill adapted of this diverse group, it has a thick, strong bill adapted to flycatchers (Muscicapidae). Its narrow bill is adapted to to feeding on anything from small animals to eggs, carrion, as small birds that sing. feeding on seeds and fruit. Males, from whose vivid red eating insects, and like many insect-eaters that breed in insects, and grain. Crows are among the most intelligent of The word passerine derives from the Latin passer, for sparrow, and indeed a sparrow plumage the family is named, are much more colourful northern Europe and Asia, this species migrates to Sub- birds, and this species is the only non-mammal ever to have is a typical passerine. -
The Division of the Major Songbird Radiation Into Passerida and 'Core
TheBlackwell Publishing Ltd division of the major songbird radiation into Passerida and ‘core Corvoidea’ (Aves: Passeriformes) — the species tree vs. gene trees MARTIN IRESTEDT & JAN I. OHLSON Submitted: 19 July 2007 Irestedt, M. & Ohlson, J. I. (2008). The division of the major songbird radiation into Passerida Accepted: 26 November 2007 and ‘core Corvoidea’ (Aves: Passeriformes) — the species tree vs. gene trees. — Zoologica doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00321.x Scripta, 37, 305–313. The knowledge of evolutionary relationships among oscine songbirds has been largely improved in recent years by molecular phylogenetic studies. However, current knowledge is still largely based on sequence data from a limited number of loci. In this study, we re-evaluate relationships among basal lineages within the ‘core Corvoidea’ and Passerida radiations, by adding additional loci to previously published data. The trees obtained from the individual genes suggest incongruent topologies. Especially the positions of Callaeatidae (wattlebirds), Cnemophilidae (satinbirds) and Melanocharitidae (longbills and berrypeckers) vary among the trees, but RAG-1 is the only gene that unambiguously suggested a ‘core Corvoidea’ affinity for these taxa. Analyses of various combined data sets show that the phylogenetic positions for Callaeatidae, Cnemophilidae and Melanocharitidae largely depend on which genes that have been combined. As the RAG-1 gene has contributed to a majority of the phylogenetic information in previous studies, it has deeply influenced previous molecular affinities of these taxa. Based on the current data, we found a reasonable support for a Passerida affinity of Callaeatidae and Cnemophilidae, contrary to previous molecular studies. The position of Melanocharitidae is more unstable but a basal position among Passerida is congruent with a deletion observed in the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphodehydrogenase (GAPDH) loci. -
Biodiversity and Ecological Potential of Plum Island, New York
Biodiversity and ecological potential of Plum Island, New York New York Natural Heritage Program i New York Natural Heritage Program The New York Natural Heritage Program The NY Natural Heritage Program is a partnership NY Natural Heritage has developed two notable between the NYS Department of Environmental online resources: Conservation Guides include the Conservation (NYS DEC) and The Nature Conservancy. biology, identification, habitat, and management of many Our mission is to facilitate conservation of rare animals, of New York’s rare species and natural community rare plants, and significant ecosystems. We accomplish this types; and NY Nature Explorer lists species and mission by combining thorough field inventories, scientific communities in a specified area of interest. analyses, expert interpretation, and the most comprehensive NY Natural Heritage also houses iMapInvasives, an database on New York's distinctive biodiversity to deliver online tool for invasive species reporting and data the highest quality information for natural resource management. planning, protection, and management. In 1990, NY Natural Heritage published Ecological NY Natural Heritage was established in 1985 and is a Communities of New York State, an all inclusive contract unit housed within NYS DEC’s Division of classification of natural and human-influenced Fish, Wildlife & Marine Resources. The program is communities. From 40,000-acre beech-maple mesic staffed by more than 25 scientists and specialists with forests to 40-acre maritime beech forests, sea-level salt expertise in ecology, zoology, botany, information marshes to alpine meadows, our classification quickly management, and geographic information systems. became the primary source for natural community NY Natural Heritage maintains New York’s most classification in New York and a fundamental reference comprehensive database on the status and location of for natural community classifications in the northeastern rare species and natural communities. -
Conserving the Biodiversity of Massachusetts in a Changing World
BioMap2 CONSERVING THE BIODIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS IN A CHANGING WORLD MA Department of Fish & Game | Division of Fisheries & Wildlife | Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program n The Nature Conservancy COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS THE NATURE CONSERVANCY DEVAL L. PATRICK, Governor WAYNE KLOCKNER, State Director TIMOTHY P. MURRAY, Lieutenant Governor MASSACHUSETTS PROGRAM IAN A. BOWLES, Secretary BOARD OF TRUSTEES EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF ENERGY & JEFFREY PORTER, Chair (Wayland) ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS JOSE ALVAREZ (Mansfield) MARY B. GRIFFIN, Commissioner PAUL BAKSTRAN (Berlin) DEPARTMENT OF FISH & GAME MARCELLA BOELHOUWER (Weston) WAYNE F. MacCALLUM, Director SARAH BROUGHEL (Auburndale) DIVISION OF FISHERIES & WILDLIFE CHARLES CARLSON (Acton) FISHERIES & WILDLIFE BOARD ANNA COLTON (Winchester) GEORGE L. DAREY, Chair (Lenox) BOB DURAND (Marlborough) BONNIE BOOTH (Spencer) PAUL ELIAS (Cambridge) JOHN F. CREEDON, (North Easton) RICHARD FORMAN (Concord) JOSEPH S. LARSON, PhD (Pelham) DAVID FOSTER (Shutesbury) MICHAEL P. ROCHE (Orange) JOHN HAASE (Wayland) BRANDI VAN ROO, PhD (Douglas) MALCOLM HENDERSON (Beverly) FREDERIC WINTHROP (Ipswich) THOMAS JONES (Andover) DAVID LEATHERS (Winchester) NATURAL HERITAGE & ENDANGERED SPECIES ADVISORY COMMITTEE BRIAN MAZAR (Mendon) KATHLEEN S. ANDERSON, Chair (Middleborough) NINA McINTYRE (Winchester) MARILYN J. FLOR, (Rockport) ALICE RICHMOND (Boston) JOSEPH S. LARSON, PhD (Pelham) MARILYN SARLES (Wellesley Hills) MARK MELLO (South Dartmouth) GLENN MOTZKIN (Haydenville) THOMAS J. RAWINSKI (Oakham) JONATHAN