Water for Growth Outlines the Regional Economies by 2050

Home , Canning River, Denmark River, Margaret River, Ord River

Government of Western Australia Department of Water

An overview of current and future water management plans in Western Australia. WATER

GROWTHFOR From the Hon. Colin Barnett MLA, Premier of Western Australia

Western Australia’s growing alone will be needed as part of a prosperity is dependent on secure bigger plan to triple the State’s and sustainable water supplies. agricultural export value and double the contribution of this sector to Water for Growth outlines the regional economies by 2050. strategic vision for our State’s As part of this Government’s water future and, region by region, investment in water security, we details how the Liberal National are undertaking a program of Government is progressing water State-wide scientific assessments initiatives to support Western of new and existing water sources. Australia’s growth and development. Critical scientific information will Our increasing population and be the foundation from which both demand from our resources industry and government can make and energy sectors are putting efficient and strategic decisions. It pressure on government to source will also provide a clear indication of and secure water sources across what the State needs to do to meet Western Australia. future water supply challenges. The growth in Western Australia’s I am confident that Water for agriculture and food producing Growth will provide a valuable capacity will also increase the roadmap on how the State demand for water in the coming Government is working to secure decade. It is estimated that around Western Australia’s water future. 80 Gls of new water sources in the Kimberley and up to 200 Gls of surplus mine dewater in the Pilbara

WATER FOR GROWTH | 03 From the Hon. Mia Davies MLA, Minister for Water, Forestry for Western Australia

Here in Western Australia, water has This Government has also made always been the key to our growth. a major investment to continue Our economic, regional and urban building on this knowledge, providing development is driven by our ability an ongoing and comprehensive to find and use water. picture of our water resources. As our population and economy There is currently over $30 million continues to grow, demand for committed to groundwater water will increase. The investment investigation and assessment projects decisions made by Government, underway to secure our water future. business and industry will be In coming months, a range of new determined by access to the right projects will commence as part of the quality water in the right location. Royalties for Regions funded Water for Food initiative. That is why we have brought together the State Government’s From the Kimberley to the South latest water investigation and supply Coast we are making decisions that planning initiatives into one strategic require confidence in current and document Water for Growth. future water availability. Western Australia has a history of We will continue to make sure these extensive research in water resource decisions are grounded in the most use and management. This has led up-to-date water advice available, to a comprehensive understanding so that we will all have the water of the location and accessibility of we need to continue to grow as a the State’s known water resources. community and as a State. For the first time this data is publicly available, giving the community access to information on current and future water availability.

WATER FOR GROWTH | 04 From the Director General, Department of Water, Maree De Lacey

The Department of Water takes This year, the Water Resources seriously our responsibility for Inventory 2014 provides detailed managing water as a resource for information about the State’s sustainable, productive use. groundwater and surface water resources – where each resource is The State’s water stocks underpin located, how much water is available, Western Australia’s economy, our its quality and the level of technical population and the liveability of information held about it. The our towns and cities today, and inventory is available on our website into the future. at www.water.wa.gov.au Cutting edge science is being The State’s investment in water used to build an unprecedented investigation supports plans for water knowledge bank of these valuable resource and supply options to meet water resources. We are now making demand over a 30 year horizon. it available online at the click of a computer mouse to industry and We are removing red tape, reforming investors, to provide confidence policy and regulation to provide and certainty for decisions about greater certainty for the State’s new projects, further expansion water-dependent industries. and development. Through this investment in science, Last year we launched the Water knowledge, technology and policy, Information Reporting portal – a Western Australians can have free, fully automated online service confidence in the sustainability that provides instant access to over and productivity of one of the 115,000 water monitoring sites and State’s most important and valuable more than 60 million measurements. resource – water.

WATER FOR GROWTH | 05 Contents

Water for growth 07

Modelling the future 08

Kimberley 10

Pilbara 12

Gascoyne 14

Mid West 16

Wheatbelt 18

Perth 20

Peel 22

South West 24

Great Southern 26

Goldfields-Esperance 28

More information 30

CONTENTS | 06 Water for growth

Twenty first century science is being used to In the Pilbara, approximately 160 Gl/yr of mainly visualise, explore and create new possibilities fresh water is licensed for pumping from mines using water as an enabler for growth and that operate below the water table. development over the next 30 years and beyond. At Rio Tinto’s Marandoo mine near Tom Price, The Government has significantly increased its up to 30 Gl of fresh water is pumped from the investment in water investigation and assessment mine each year, with some re-injected into the to ensure Western Australia has the best and most Tom Price town groundwater reserve, and the up-to-date information about all of its water stocks. remainder used to grow fodder, using centre pivot irrigators. More than $25 million has been allocated from Royalties for Regions for water investigations Fodder production and an associated biofuel across the State on top of $7 million to refine the trial using part of the 60 Gl of fresh water scientific investigation of the important Gnangara discharged from the Woodie Woodie manganese deeper aquifers in metropolitan Perth. mine east of Marble Bar on the edge of the Great Sandy Desert is a further example of This investment will increase under the statewide water use innovation. Water for Food program, which will identify opportunities within irrigated agriculture and food Advanced technology is being used to identify, production sectors. define and allocate more water to facilitate economic development. It is looking ahead to The story of the Perth to Kalgoorlie pipeline, optimise existing supply and ensure ample water opened in 1902, is indelibly etched in our is available when and where it is needed into history and highlights how vision, matched with the future. It is providing the evidence to ensure engineering and hydrological know-how, can highly efficient water usage and accurate and fair change the course of history. decision-making for all consumers. That pipeline that serves tens of thousands of Around the State, annual abstraction of surface people along the way, took five years to build water and groundwater is managed responsibly and cost around $5 million (about $1.5 billion in to maintain renewable water resources that can today’s money). supply ongoing use. As demand increases, the It was a controversial and expensive project which proportion of alternative sources in the water required the development of new technology. supply mix will increase, but local natural sources, The success of the pipeline saw potable water managed sustainably, will continue to provide the pumped 600 kms to pour life into the parched most accessible and cost effective foundation to interior. Sustainable water underpinned a wave of meet local water needs. flourishing growth across the eastern goldfields, Cutting-edge water supply planning is underway allowing the State to tap into the treasure trove to identify potable and fit-for-purpose water supply of the Golden Mile, while Kalgoorlie’s population options that will ensure sustainable development expanded to 30,000. and prosperous communities. In the same way that CY O’Connor’s pipeline is a Targeted resource investigations are in place and monument to the innovative spirit of yesteryear, planned from the Kimberley to the Great Southern we are equally committed today to identifying by the Department of Water. and deploying sustainable water supplies for economic growth.

WATER FOR GROWTH | 07 Bores are being drilled to identify previously Both systems present an opportunity for an unknown or poorly understood groundwater integrated pipeline system to service Port Hedland resources, suitable for use and to recharge and Onslow/Karratha respectively for community, aquifers with recycled water to protect supplies industry and potentially irrigated agriculture. into the future. Surplus water harvesting opportunities in the This includes large regional resources like the South West, and finding innovative solutions to West Canning Basin north east of Port Hedland improve salinity in Wellington Dam near Collie which has an estimated 50 Gl per annum already are also in focus. So too the paleochannels of allocated for industry, mining and agriculture and the Murchison and the potential of the artesian a further 50 Gl/yr available for abstraction. Add to resource of the Gascoyne. this the Hamersley Ranges aquifers east of A new analysis of world food requirements* Karratha where a sustainable allocation volume of provides a sobering reminder of what is needed. 30 Gl per annum has been identified. It says 70 per cent more food will need to be produced with less arable land and basic resources like water.

Modelling the future

The Department of Water is taking forecasting Current water consumption information is being techniques to a new level with a market-focused combined with economic growth and population demand and supply model to predict water scenarios to improve the accuracy of demand trends up to 50 years in advance. and supply forecasts and identify potential gaps well ahead of time. We are breaking new ground The Department of Water is working with industry internationally in the application and integration of and other Government agencies to collect and climate modelling to water allocation planning. collate the latest information on current and forecast demand for all water purposes – including This information is being used to ensure that the industry, agriculture, public open spaces and government has a clear plan of resource and scheme water. supply options to meet demand into the future, and that investigations are targeting the most prospective areas.

* The DuPont-commissioned Economic Intelligence Unit report, Feeding Asia-Pacific (2104). MODELLING THE FUTURE | 08 WESTERN AUSTRALIA WATER REGIONS

WATER REGIONS | 09 Kimberley

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// WA’s most northern and // A mixture of savannah // Wet season spans October // Agriculture, predominantly only tropical region grasslands, ranges, to March and includes pastoral (85 per cent) golden beaches and tropical rains, high // 424,517 km2 // Resources including tropical gorges humidity and cyclones minerals and mining and // Remote and sparsely (which present access and // Much of the flora future on and off shore populated mobility challenges) and fauna is unique gas production // Estimated 35,700 people to the region // Dry season is April to // Aquaculture including September which is cooler // Aboriginal people fishing and pearling and less humid make up roughly half // Tourism the population and represent 30 traditional language groups and 100 communities of various population sizes

Harnessing the potential Water availability The Kimberley is a vast region with significant potential in terms of minerals Total allocation Water available for and energy as well as an expanding beef Water resource limits Gl/year use Gl/year Water quality industry. The Department of Water is also Shallow aquifers 301 250 Mostly fresh exploring investigations into options for dry season irrigation for the expansion of Middle aquifers 55 26 Fresh to brackish irrigated agriculture in the West Kimberley. Groundwater total 356 276

Opportunities are being explored for Surface water total 905 529 Fresh field trials and research for irrigated feed production which could enable the further development of viable cattle operations Water in east Kimberley and increased participation, including The current surface water allocation limit with high water needs (such as sugar by Aboriginal pastoralists, in the world of 865 Gl/yr downstream of the Ord River cane). Water demands for existing and demand for beef product. Dam is a high reliability supply for existing future irrigation and current obligations to Already underway is the expansion of users. It will provide for a substantial hydropower generation mean the water the Ord River Irrigation Area. The State expansion of irrigation in Western Australia resources are essentially committed. Water Government has invested $311 million and enable 210 GWh/yr of electricity infrastructure development and water through the Royalties for Regions program to be generated at the Ord River Dam resource management options are now and a further $11.5 million through the Power Station. The power station currently being explored and costed to increase the Department of State Development for the supplies electricity to the towns of water supply from the Ord River Scheme delivery of key infrastructure to expand Kununurra and Wyndham and the Argyle in the medium term, including irrigation the Ord Irrigation Scheme. A National Diamond Mine. expansion into the Northern Territory. Partnership Agreement between the State There is enough water with the existing There are several options that are being and Australian Governments has seen the Ord River Dam infrastructure and allocation investigated including increasing storage investment of an additional $195 million of limits to meet the water needs of current at Lake Argyle, investigating groundwater Federal funding in social and community irrigated agriculture and that planned for options, optimising crop demand infrastructure in Kununurra, Wyndham Western Australia under the Ord River management and changing the pattern of and surrounding communities. Significant Irrigation Expansion including for crops hydropower release upgrades have been made to school and health facilities, social and transitional housing, Kununurra airport and the Port of Wyndham.

WATER IN THE KIMBERLEY | 010 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA EAST KIMBERLEY IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE WYNDHAM KUNUNURRA

DERBY FITZROY CROSSING BROOME WEST KIMBERLEY HALLS CREEK IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE KIMBERLEY REGION TOWNS CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Water in west Kimberley Broome is a growing regional town and A Royalties for Regions funded groundwater While there are large volumes of surface its surrounding areas have potential investigation into the Broome and Wallal water in the Fitzroy River itself, it is the for increased business and industry aquifers on the Dampier Peninsula north groundwater sources in the Fitzroy Valley development. The town, surrounding of Broome is assessing the potential for and the Canning Basin that are the focus of communities and pastoral and horticultural further groundwater abstraction and current and proposed future investigation industries, rely on groundwater for drinking reducing the risks of salt water intrusion into work. Royalties for Regions programs are and industry needs. the aquifers. This will help to protect the fast-tracking groundwater investigations resource, cultural values and water- to underpin mosaic irrigated fodder Groundwater is reserved for town growth dependent environment while providing for production and high-value cropping on and the Department of Water is working an expanding and diversified economy into a number of strategically-located pastoral with industry to secure resource options the future. stations in west Kimberley. to meet growth in mining, industrial and agriculture projects.

WATER IN THE KIMBERLEY | 11 Pilbara

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// 507,896 km2 // Three distinct areas: a vast // Distinct wet and // The region is an economic coastal plain, inland ranges dry seasons powerhouse for Australia // 48,610 permanent and arid desert extending – producing 53 per cent residents // High temperatures to the centre of Australia of WA’s total mineral and can reach 50 degrees // Most inhabitants in the petroleum production // One of the oldest Celsius, whilst the wet western third of the region geological regions in WA season can include floods // Construction // Includes historic towns at 3.4 billion years and cyclones // Export (two of Australia’s like Cossack, along with // Includes the Dampier largest ports are a number of Aboriginal archipelago which is located at Dampier communities home to pristine reefs and Port Hedland) and islands // Tourism // Home to three national // Potential for irrigated parks: Millstream- agriculture Chichester, Karlamilyi and Karajini Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 143 39 Fresh to brackish

Middle aquifers 1 0 Mostly saline

Groundwater total 144 39

Mine dewater surplus - 160 Variable

Harnessing the potential Coastal cities and ports While mining is the backbone of the Pilbara New water supplies are currently being to Onslow and 20 Gl/yr which could region, water is driving an increasingly developed to supply the needs of areas be piped directly into the West Pilbara diversified economy. The Department of the Pilbara for the next decade. In scheme. These could secure Karratha and of Water and industrial stakeholders are April the Premier and the Minister for Onslow’s supplies to 2050. working together to ensure that water is Water officially opened Rio Tinto Iron In the long term, the West Canning Basin working harder and that recycling and Ore’s new 10 Gl/yr borefield in the Lower will become increasingly important as a reuse are now the norm. Major initiatives Bungaroo Valley which now supplies its water source. Investigations have already are the use of mine dewatering water port and urban needs in the west Pilbara. delivered 20 Gl/yr for irrigated agriculture for agriculture and securing public water Additionally, 5 Gl/yr has been made and mining, reserved 10 Gl/yr for scheme supplies in the region for the next 50 years. available by the Department of Water water in Port Hedland and identified for the Water Corporation to expand the The Pilbara Cities initiative is driving the 20 Gl/yr for mining development. In 2012 existing Yule and De Grey River borefields development of sophisticated and livable the Department of Water started a Royalties to increase supply to Port Hedland. There is centres of population offering a real for Regions funded project to confirm the potential for a further 2 Gl/yr expansion of alternative to a fly-in-fly-out lifestyle. potential yield of the central part of the the De Grey borefield. West Canning Basin in the Sandfire area. The program of investigation and Based on the knowledge gained in The Wallal Sandstone in this region holds assessment is delivering the water to developing the borefield at Bungaroo, artesian water, which means it is under meet regional economic growth for the Department of Water has started a pressure and flows freely to the surface if the mining and agriculture industries Royalties for Regions funded investigation a bore is drilled. It appears likely that a total and the Pilbara Cities vision. More than to identify groundwater resources in of up to 100 Gl/yr could be extracted $109 million has been allocated through similar valleys in the north-west area of sustainably from the West Canning Basin. the Royalites for Regions program for the Hamersley Range. The preliminary Pilbara Cities infrastructure. assessment has shown there is potential for around 10 Gl/yr which could be piped

WATER IN THE PILBARA | 12 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

PORT HEDLAND

DAMPIER COASTAL PILBARA INDUSTRY AND URBAN EXPANSION KARRATHA MARBLE BAR WOODIE WOODIE ONSLOW CENTRAL PILBARA IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE

MARANDOO TOM PRICE PILBARA REGION PARABURDOO TOWNS NEWMAN CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Pilbara hinterland Water stored in irregular fractures and There is the potential to use surplus water The Royalties for Regions program is fissures in the fractured rock across the from mine dewatering operations to funding an irrigated agricultural trial at the central Pilbara also provides significant support agricultural precincts and local Woodie Woodie mine, east of Marble Bar. groundwater. The Department of Water is drinking water supplies in the Pilbara The Department of Water is working in working with the mining industry, which region. An irrigated fodder project partnership with industry and other agencies is accessing ore bodies while managing has been established at Marandoo, near to build on the potential to expand irrigation minesite and cumulative impacts of Tom Price using mine dewater. using mine dewater projects and will seek dewatering on the environment and to identify water resources and investment cultural heritage sites. opportunities for precinct development.

WATER IN THE PILBARA | 13 Gascoyne

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// Located in the North West // Incorporates famous // Enjoys around 320 days // Tourism of WA, the Gascoyne tourist landmarks of sunshine a year // Horticulture captures 600 kms of including Ningaloo Reef, // Monsoonal storms Indian Ocean coastline Shark Bay, Monkey Mia, // Mining and cyclones bring Coral Bay, the Kennedy // 137,938 km2 torrential rainfall between // Fishing Ranges and Mt Augustus November and April // 9,561 residents // Pastoral // Gascoyne River and its concentrated in tributaries form the main Carnarvon, Exmouth, river system Denham, Gascoyne Junction and Coral Bay

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 70 51 Fresh to saline

Middle aquifers 73 8 Saline

Deep aquifers 1 1 Brackish to saline

Groundwater total 144 60

Harnessing the potential Lower Gascoyne River and Carnarvon The highly-productive Carnarvon irrigation The shallow aquifer system under the Lower Through the Gascoyne Foodbowl district is a key foodbowl area for Western Gascoyne River has supplied a relatively fresh Initiative an additional 4 Gl/yr of water Australia producing more than $100 million and reliable water supply to the town of has been identified for the expansion of per annum in horticulture products. The Carnarvon and its surrounding horticultural the horticultural district by an additional State and Commonwealth Governments district since the town was founded in 1883. 400 hectares. Investigation and have jointly funded flood protection works However, constant growth of the Carnarvon construction of infrastructure is underway to safeguard regional infrastructure and horticulture district combined with variable to deliver this additional water and land for food supplies from the Carnarvon irrigation and unreliable river recharge events has irrigated agriculture. Further groundwater district for domestic and export markets. placed an increasing amount of pressure on drilling investigations upstream of Rocky The complex flood management works the resource, with water quality and quantity Pool along the alluvial aquifer will are a critical component of the Gascoyne the major limitations to the system. increase confidence in water security to Foodbowl Initiative, helping to deliver a expand irrigated agriculture or fodder Water resources of the Lower Gascoyne robust and resilient horticultural industry production further. River are well understood, with scientific and assuring the economic future of investigations by the Department of Water, Other resource and supply options being the community. its predecessors and partner agencies dating considered for irrigated agriculture include The $60 million flood mitigation works as far back as the 1950’s. Methods employed expansion of borefields on the north side of help protect valuable production land and included hydrology/hydrogeology modelling, the river, and improved delivery to optimise key infrastructure. A new $19.9 million bore exploration, water quality monitoring, both scheme and self-supply water. A total irrigation pipeline funded by the State and aerial electromagnetic assessment, water of 1.8 Gl of groundwater is reserved for Federal Governments and the local water use monitoring, climate prediction, soil and additional public supply for town growth. cooperative was completed in 2012. erosion studies, drought studies and water allocation planning.

WATER IN THE GASCOYNE | 14 Map

EXMOUTH WESTERN AUSTRALIA

CORAL BAY

CARNARVON GASCOYNE JUNCTION GASCOYNE REGION TOWNS CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS DENHAM STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Carnarvon Artesian Basin The Carnarvon Artesian Basin may support State Government and industry closed irrigated agriculture if the potential yield and sealed free-flowing pastoral bores in and quality of the artesian aquifer is the Carnarvon Artesian Basin to protect adequate. There is potential for pastoral the resource for the future. industry development in the Gascoyne, The Department of Water will be with investigation into water availability undertaking an assessment and and quality to support alternate crops groundwater investigation program and diversification of pastoral activity, to assess where water quality will including irrigated fodder to support a support development. cattle feed-on sector. A decade ago, the

WATER IN THE GASCOYNE | 15 Mid West

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// 466,766 km2 // Covers the relatively flat // Mild mediterranean // Mining northern wheatbelt and climate with hot, dry // Population has increased // Broad scale agriculture large areas of pastoral summers and mild, steadily over the past and pastoralism woodland with eroded wet winters 20 years and currently ancient ranges // Fishing sits at 55,609 // Inland areas have a // Other features include more arid climate // Tourism // Resource projects, river valleys, gorges and enviable lifestyle, proximity salt lakes to the metropolitan area, social infrastructure and relatively cheap housing are attracting retirees and those looking for a sea-change

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 59 52 Fresh to saline

Middle aquifers 62 31 Fresh to saline

Deep aquifers 134 59 Fresh to saline

Groundwater total 255 142

Mine dewater surplus - 6 Variable

Harnessing the potential Mining industry expansion The Mid West’s growing economy is and development made up of mining and agriculture with The Government is planning ahead of Proposed iron ore mines in the region are mining providing over $2.7 billion a year a projected significant expansion of the generally distant from fresh groundwater in sales and agriculture between mining industry in the Mid West. Forecast sources. In 2012 a Royalties for Regions $600-800 million a year. growth is largely related to iron ore mining funded project was initiated to locate Current mining includes iron ore (hematite), and a proposed increase in the mining of groundwater resources that formed in mineral sands, gold and other base metals magnetite ore bodies, which require water ancient river channels (palaeochannels) including zinc, copper, nickel and lead. for processing and refinement before in the inland Murchison district of the Major agriculture production is pastoral export. There is also planned expansion of Mid West. uranium, vanadium and coal. wheat and livestock and horticulture. As part of this project, an expansive aerial The aspirations of the mining and This growth is projected to accelerate electromagnetic survey started in 2014 agricultural industries in the Mid West substantially when proposed Oakajee to map the channels for potential water region has brought focus onto the need port, rail and industrial estate facilities are sources. The Department of Water has for more water to be available to support developed. The region’s water demand conducted a similar study in the Casuarina both sectors to grow. could more than double over the next 30 area of the Mid West to quantify the years if the industry projections are realised. resource and the variability in quality. While there is plenty of water still available for allocation in the region, using this Demand for water of various qualities This is a major step towards realising water can have quality and distance will increase to meet the needs of new water supplies that can be piped to challenges. Uptake of known and allocated mining operations themselves, industrial mining and industry locations to meet the water resources has reached full capacity processing, cooling and dust suppression estimated 90 Gl/yr increased demand. in some areas necessitating more and also the needs of other industries investigations for new water sources. associated with mining.

WATER IN THE MID WEST | 16 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

MEEKATHARRA WILUNA

MT MAGNET KALBARRI SANDSTONE

MID WEST INDUSTRY MID WEST REGION MAGNETITE MINING TOWNS GERALDTON CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS MORAWA STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING DONGARA GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Intensive agriculture The Mid West region contains complex New horticultural, tree crop, stock fodder and multi-layered sedimentary aquifers of and bioenergy industries are looking to the the Carnarvon and Northern Perth Basins. Mid West for expansion opportunities. Large volumes of groundwater are available Water resource options for meeting this for further licensing throughout the region, demand include groundwater from the and useful volumes at a local scale will northern Perth Basin. vary significantly.

WATER IN THE MID WEST | 17 Wheatbelt

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// Located across the central // The Wheatbelt is // Hot, dry summers and // WA’s most significant wheat-growing areas to named for its extensive mild winters broadscale agricultural the north and east of the production of broadscale region with over 4,000 // Summer temperatures Perth metropolitan area crops, as well as mixed farming properties average 34-17 degrees stock and cropping covering a total of // Covers 155,256 km2 and winter 17-5 degrees 12 million hectares // The Avon Valley – close Celsius // Home to 69,000 people to Perth – is known for its // Coastal fishing from diverse backgrounds // Average of 170 clear rolling hills, winter green days per year // Mining (gold, nickel, // Population is widely farmland and woodland- iron ore, mineral sands) dispersed with around covered landscapes 16,000 people living in // Developing industries // Includes the coastal strip the main service areas include aviation, between Guilderton and of Northam, Narrogin, construction and Jurien Bay Merredin and Moora renewable energy // Areas of the eastern Wheatbelt are rich in minerals, including gold, nickel and ore

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 239 88 Fresh to brackish

Middle aquifers 49 6 Brackish

Deep aquifers 62 37 Fresh to saline

Groundwater total 350 133

Harnessing the potential Central and Already a massive food bowl, the eastern Wheatbelt Government (under the Water In the central and eastern part of the The Department of Water manages the for Food program) is investigating Wheatbelt region, most rivers are saline Farm Water and Rural Community grant water supply options to open up an and saline groundwater is found in the schemes on behalf of the Government. additional 2,500 hectares of land for widespread fractured rock aquifers, so The program targets dryland agricultural irrigated agriculture. water use is very low. A significant area of regions of the State which receive less than The Government is committed to the Wheatbelt is serviced by scheme water 600 millimeters of annual average rainfall supporting dryland agriculture and is from the Goldfields pipeline and other and without access to a reticulated water allocating $5.96 million over the next two scheme systems supplied from dams in service. The objective of the program is to years to the Rural Water Planning program the Darling Range. increase self-sufficiency and optimise the efficient use of all available non-potable for commercial farming. Farmers and small townsites not on water supplies. This is achieved through scheme water use surface dams and improved water resource planning and the granite rock catchments for watering stock provision of rebates and grants to develop and local drinking water supplies. These both on and off farm water supplies. farm supplies are not licensed by the Department of Water.

WATER IN THE WHEATBELT | 18 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA JURIEN DALWALLINU SOUTHERN WONGAN HILLS CROSS MOORA

GINGIN MERREDIN NORTHAM YORK BRUCE ROCK

BROOKTON

WHEATBELT REGION TOWNS NARROGIN CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS LAKE GRACE STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES WAGIN MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Coastal groundwater for intensive Inland reserves agriculture and drinking supply Desalinating saline or brackish groundwater Significant fresh groundwater and surface in the coastal part of the Wheatbelt region. In reserves of an estimated 20 Gl/yr in the water occurs in the coastal areas of the addition, new horticultural, tree crop, stock Wheatbelt is one option that has been Wheatbelt region from Gingin to Jurien on fodder and bio-energy industries are looking assessed for supplying more water for the coastal plain. The northern Perth Basin to the northern Perth Basin for expansion agricultural production and other uses in stores significant groundwater in a thick opportunities. the region. succession of sedimentary aquifers. The Department of Water estimates 90 Gl/yr A Department of Water study into the use Groundwater in the Gingin area is in high of water to be available in the region, and of brackish reserves in the Wheatbelt has demand for various industries including 41 Gl/yr of this water is set aside for future shown opportunities for future local scale agriculture, horticulture, mining and coastal scheme water supply. desalination schemes using improved lifestyle developments. Currently about technology to deliver extra water across An 18 month, $4.5 million groundwater 141 Gl/year is licensed to these sectors. the region. investigation in the north Gingin area The expansion of the suburbs north of is being used to assess the volumes of Development in advanced pre-treatment Perth and ongoing growth in horticultural available water and how it can be used to and desalination technology for inland production through Perth’s northern corridor meet future scheme needs and demand groundwater is being pursued with the to Gingin and Badgingarra is increasing for high quality water for horticultural assistance of government funding through demand for quality groundwater resources expansion and general agricultural use. the National Centre for Excellence in Desalination, based at Murdoch University.

WATER IN THE WHEATBELT | 19 Perth

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// Extends along the coast // Set on the Swan River // Hot mediterranean climate // Business and government from Joondalup to and incorporating diverse // Summers are hot and dry, // Service industries Rockingham and east landscapes lasting from December to to Mundaring // Manufacturing // Inner city: Perth city and late March, with February // Population is surroundings including being the hottest month // Horticulture approximately apartments with river views, of the year 1.6 million people restored character homes // Winters are relatively and funky café strips mild and wet // The Hills: bush or semi-rural // Swan Valley: wine growing region and rural lifestyle

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 325 66 Fresh to brackish

Middle aquifers 67 2 Fresh to brackish

Deep aquifers 60 1 Fresh to saline

Groundwater total 452 69

Surface water (36) - Mostly fresh

Harnessing the potential Strong population growth The State Government is planning to Scheme water currently services more The Perth region’s climate with its long dry accommodate a city of 3.5 million people. than two million people in the Perth, Peel, summers, means there is high demand This long term, visionary planning is for Wheatbelt and Goldfields regions and for water to irrigate public open space. a city that maintains a strong balance demand is expected to double in the next Parks and gardens in Perth use about of community, industry and the natural 40 years. Scheme supplies have been 120 Gl/yr and more parks will be needed environment. The development and secured in response to a drying climate in new residential areas, particularly north maintenance of public parklands are an through a combination of groundwater, of Perth. The North West metropolitan intrinsic part of this vision. surface water, desalination, groundwater corridor water supply strategy – developed replenishment and recovery, and by the Department of Water and the effective demand management. City of Wanneroo – ensures water for well-designed playing fields and public Treating wastewater to drinking water open spaces for community sport and standards and recharging it into groundwater recreation. Through water-sensitive urban aquifers will become an increasing part design, water use is minimised on non- of the scheme water supply mix with active open spaces such as verges and potential for treatment of more than 100 Gl streetscapes. This approach balances of wastewater. competing demand for water while ensuring good public open space.

WATER IN PERTH | 20 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

PERTH

PERTH/PEEL URBAN EXPANSION

PERTH REGION TOWNS CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS WESTERN TRADE COAST STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES INDUSTRY MINE DEWATERING RECYCLING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Industry demand Horticulture Planning ahead The Western Trade Coast (Kwinana High-value horticulture located mostly New studies of Perth’s deep aquifers Industrial Strip) is the only heavy industrial on the Gnangara Mound accounts for will support potential expansion of the zoned area within the Perth metropolitan more than 20 per cent of the State’s groundwater replenishment scheme. area. Existing industry produces around vegetable production. Horticulture in the The Department of Water’s Perth Regional $15.5 billion annually and the Government’s Carabooda and Wanneroo areas north of Confined Aquifer Capacity study is aim is to increase this output to $28.3 billion. Perth provides lettuce, broccoli, beans, investigating the way the aquifers are sweet corn, tomatoes and strawberries for recharged, including where they are Current water use is estimated to local sales and export. Horticulture and connected to overlying aquifers, the be around 21 Gl/yr which is sourced viticulture is significant in the Swan Valley. location of the seawater interface and how from a combination of scheme water, The local horticulture industry is serviced groundwater moves. This information will groundwater, stormwater recovery primarily by self-supply groundwater from help to determine the best locations to draw and recycled wastewater. Wastewater the Gnangara system, and uses about additional water and the best locations for recycling provides the best opportunity 28 per cent of groundwater licensed groundwater replenishment. This study is for future water supply, and is currently from that system. Because there is high central to the strategy of moving public being investigated. competition for this climate-affected water abstraction away from sensitive surface water source, the Department of Water wetland areas and lakes that have been is working with growers to improve water affected by the drying climate, and towards use and efficiencies. optimising the deep aquifers that currently supply almost 100 Gl/yr for scheme supply.

WATER IN PERTH | 21 Peel

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// Located immediately // Geographically diverse // Mediterranean climate // Mining (bauxite, gold south of Perth with urban, agricultural with hot, dry summers and copper) and horticultural land, and cool wet winters // WA’s smallest region // Building and construction a forested escarpment covering 5,648 km2, // During summer hot, dry and plateau, a major // Manufacturing (metal including 137 km2 of easterly winds prevail flood plain products, machinery, inland waterways and equipment and 50 kms of coastline // The Peel Inlet and Harvey food processing) Estuary are a major system // Population of 112,677 with forming the western // Agriculture, forestry the majority concentrated boundary of the Murray and fishing in the city of Mandurah groundwater area // Retail // Tourism

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 49 30 Fresh to brackish

Middle aquifers 20 11 Marginal to brackish

Deep aquifers 3 1 Fresh to saline

Groundwater total 72 42

Surface water (36) - Mostly fresh

Harnessing the potential Accommodating Peel is one of the fastest growing regional economic growth areas in Western Australia. It also has Surface water collected in reservoirs in Significant groundwater resources are some of the greatest water challenges the Darling escarpment provides fresh stored in the sedimentary aquifers of the with undeveloped parts of the landscape water for Perth and Peel’s integrated southern Perth Basin. However, quality and flooded in winter and dry in summer. public water supply, for the bauxite and reliability of yield are common challenges Mining, construction, agriculture and gold mining industries and for the Harvey to beneficial use. To address this, the residential development already utilise and Waroona irrigation districts. These Department of Water is using its scientific both surface and groundwater. The reservoirs are fully utilised and stream flows investigations to recommend distribution internationally important Peel Inlet - Harvey into them have significantly reduced with of abstraction amongst numerous lower Estuary system and associated wetlands diminishing rainfall. yielding draw-points to ensure greater are also groundwater dependent. reliability. The Department of Water is This challenge is met by water efficiency, working to ensure adequate supplies recycling and sharing, which are essential are available for projected industry and for future regional development growth. development expansion and for public open space.

Additional groundwater for industry and fit-for-purpose use is currently being investigated to allow for further development in the Peel region.

WATER IN PEEL | 22 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

MANDURAH PINJARRA DWELLINGUP WAROONA BODDINGTON

PEEL REGION TOWNS CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Accommodating urban expansion A state groundwater investigation has been the water in the deeper aquifers to be The Department of Water’s expertise completed in the Murray area and another accessed on a fit for purpose basis by contributes to the Strategic Assessment is underway in the Serpentine area to industry or local government in the region. of the Perth-Peel Region, led by the address the issues of winter flooding and Department of the Premier and Cabinet. The Department of Water is using its give greater certainty to potential urban The Department is working to enable the expertise and working across Government development and the need for additional region’s future urban and industrial growth and with the urban development industry to water to satisfy domestic and industrial and the ongoing management of water as a identify flood risk, reduce the need for sand growth. One concept being explored, is significant component of the Peel-Yalgorup fill and design drainage in Peel to allow for to harness the flood waters that inundate Ramsar listed wetland system. cost-effective and safe urban development the land in winter and employ managed in the low-lying land that dominates aquifer recharge techniques to store the Murray region.

WATER IN PEEL | 23 South West

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// 23,998 km2 // Rugged coastline, with // Mediterranean climate // Tourism some of the best surfing with pleasant summer // 163,000 residents, which // Agriculture, dairy beaches in Australia months and winter rainfall is growing rapidly and horticulture // Caves and wineries // Offers an enviable lifestyle // Timber and forest including diverse economy // Towering forests products // Mineral extraction // Processing and manufacturing // Service industries // Fishing and aquaculture Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 67 30 Fresh to saline

Middle aquifers 45 8 Mostly fresh

Deep aquifers 104 12 Mostly fresh

Groundwater total 218 50

Mine dewater surplus - 16 Fresh to variable

Surface water total (359) 139 Fresh to brackish

South West agriculture Harnessing the potential Of the estimated 240 Gl/yr of irrigation water A drying climate is affecting both surface The Department of Water has recently used in the South West, almost 50 per cent water runoff and groundwater recharge completed a supply/demand study for the is surface water supplied from irrigation across the South West with an average Collie-Kemerton area to consider growth cooperatives to the Waroona, Harvey, Collie rainfall reduction of 16 per cent below scenarios and water availability for industry. and Preston Valley irrigation districts. Another the average long term annual rainfall. This While sufficient water was identified for 25 per cent is surface water supplied by has resulted in a reduction of 50 per cent the immediate and moderate growth in-stream dams and by direct pumping in average runoff (CSIRO 2013) which in scenarios, poor water quality was from watercourses in areas such as Capel, some areas has reduced the reliability of identified as a major cost for most Donnybrook, Busselton, Augusta-Margaret entitlements by about 30 per cent. industries and prohibitive for existing River, Manjimup and Pemberton. The agricultural practices. The Department of A major focus of the Department of remainder is supplied through groundwater Water is also identifying supply/demand Water’s investigations is to ensure water from bores on the Swan Coastal Plain at strategies for urban development in the resources and supply options to support Myalup, between Harvey and Dunsborough cities of Bunbury and Busselton and for the existing and potential growth of the South and on the Scott Coastal Plain. Warren-Donnelly area. West region’s industry, including mining, The Department of Water is working with agriculture, horticulture, viticulture, forestry The potential for the South West region users to improve water efficiencies and and dairy farming, as well as population is significant and will be satisfied through support the ability of users to trade water growth associated with the economic and innovation, optimising existing water supplies between themselves. lifestyle advantages of the region. and maximising fit-for-purpose water.

The focus is on innovative ways to improve For example, the department is assessing salinity levels in the Wellington Reservoir potential sites for storage and runoff along for local agriculture, in particular the with associated infrastructure and water dairy industry. allocations in the productive horticultural Warren-Donnelly area of the State, to assist A new groundwater investigation shows expansion of the existing $127 million there may be additional Yarragadee horticultural industry. groundwater on Scott Coastal Plain.

WATER IN THE SOUTH WEST | 24 Map

SOUTH WEST INDUSTRY WESTERN AUSTRALIA COLLIE SOUTH WEST TOWNS BUNBURY

BUSSELTON MARGARET RIVER

BRIDGETOWN

AUGUSTA MANJIMUP MANJIMUP INTEGRATED AGRICULTURE

SOUTH WEST REGION TOWNS PEMBERTON CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER

Industrial demand Public water supply Industrial demand in the South West is 14 Gl/yr has been reserved from the south A Royalties for Regions funded aerial concentrated in the Upper Collie Basin, west Yarragadee aquifer for future regional electromagnetic survey is being used Kemerton Industrial Park and scattered sand town supplies. to determine groundwater availability, mining. The Upper Collie Basin currently quality and rate of recharge required to The south west Yarragadee and Leederville supports coal mining, power generation balance taking water from the aquifer aquifers are the key water resources for and a range of other industrial uses. resources of the Scott and Swan coastal the region’s three scheme water service plains. This information will be used to Water for industry in the Upper Collie Basin providers supporting the many growing set sustainable allocations for proved is currently sourced from groundwater, cities and towns. Along with the localised sources and confidence in the future surface water from the Wellington reservoir superficial aquifers and rivers, they also water security for all. and mine dewatering surplus, some of provide water for horticulture, pasture which is available for use in the short and mining and support the flow of the term. Major water users in the Kemerton Capel, Margaret, Brunswick, Donnelly and Industrial Park rely on local groundwater. Blackwood rivers.

Additional sources of water for industry in the region are being investigated, including mine dewatering, additional supply from the Wellington Reservoir and water recycling.

WATER IN THE SOUTH WEST | 25 Great Southern

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// Approximately 250 kms // Land types range from // Milder climate than // Primary production, of coast Mallee scrub in the north much of the rest of including wool, cropping, east to karri forests in the Western Australia livestock, timber, // Total land area of south west viticulture and fishing 39,007 km2 // Reliable growing seasons // Features forests, national most of the time // Tourism // Region includes two parks and beaches ancient ranges of hills, // Annual rainfall decreases // Retail and manufacturing the Stirling Range and // The coast is abundant along the coast from west // Key growth areas include the Porongurup Range. with fish and can provide to east, and inland away engineering, commercial Bluff Knoll, at 1095m, is tourists with encounters from the coast and financial services the highest peak in the with whales southern half of WA // Two world-class trails // Population of 60,000 including the Bibbulmun including 35,000 in the Track and Munda Biddi historic port city of Albany, Trail offer off-road tourism which is the State’s oldest // Albany is one of the European settlement southern hemisphere’s best natural anchorages

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 4 New sources under investigation Mostly fresh

Middle aquifers 2 New sources under investigation Mostly fresh

Groundwater total 7 New sources under investigation

Harnessing the potential Surface water use in the Great Southern Fresh groundwater sources in the region Aerial electro-magnetic surveys have region is relatively low, except in the are limited to a narrow sedimentary basin - identified potential sources of fresh wetter south west area where local surface the Bremer Basin near Albany. Royalties for groundwater in the Albany hinterland water supplies towns such as Denmark Regions funding has been used to direct that will provide diversification options and Walpole. A decade of work by the hydrogeological drilling for groundwater for industry and agriculture for the long Department of Water has resulted in the to supplement the Great Southern Towns term. Studies indicate that both potable Denmark River recovering from being scheme water supply that meets the and fit for purposed supplies may be saline-affected to now being the quality of needs of Albany and Mt Barker. The results available in the order of 10 Gl. The area drinking water. of the four-year assessment program represents the most significant ‘hot spot’ commissioned by the Department of for competing water demand in the Great The Great Southern Town Water Supply Water has confirmed that an additional Southern Region. These sources will be Scheme to Katanning and Narrogin 0.5 Gl/yr is available on a sustainable basis further investigated through a $1.6 million comes from outside the region from the from existing production fields, and there is Royalties for Regions funded program Harris Dam, north of Collie. potential for a further 1 Gl/yr which would of exploratory drilling and analysis in the Farmers and small townsites not on meet scheme requirements on current next two years to determine volumes scheme water use surface dams and planning beyond 2030. and quality. granite rock catchments for watering stock and local drinking water supplies.

WATER IN THE GREAT SOUTHERN | 26 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

KATANNING KOJONUP

GREAT SOUTHERN REGION MOUNT BARKER TOWNS CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING DENMARK ALBANY GROUNDWATER LOWER GREAT SURFACE WATER SOUTHERN TOWNS

A growing region The Great Southern extends from Walpole While it may look like the Great Southern’s The Great Southern region has the in the west to the eastern border of the major towns such as Albany get a lot of highest level of wastewater recycling Shire of Jerramungup, and north to the rain, the fact is that water supplies in this across the state, and a combination of shires of Woodanilling and Kent. beautiful region are not in abundance. new groundwater sources, stormwater Water demand in the Great Southern harvesting and recycling and managed The region’s growing economy is built on region is expected to increase by more aquifer recharge will meet the demand. the major contributions from agriculture, than 20 Gl/year by 2040. This will be manufacturing, tourism and construction. driven by population growth, new mining It also has valuable forestry, fishing and developments and expansion of industry aquaculture, and mining sectors. and irrigated agriculture. Conversely, water An increasingly popular choice of location availability will decline as the region’s for lifestyle change, it has a high population climate becomes drier. growth and attracts around 500,000 visitors a year who enjoy the region’s renowned natural attractions and world class wineries.

WATER IN THE GREAT SOUTHERN | 27 Goldfields-Esperance

GEOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE CLIMATE MAIN POPULATION INDUSTRIES

// The largest of the State’s // Four distinct sub-regions: // Varies from cool southern // Mining (gold, nickel, nine regions coastal climates to cobalt, zinc, copper, silver) // Goldfields subregion: flat, dry, arid conditions // Located in the south arid, desert landscapes // Pastoral agriculture moving towards the eastern part of // Esperance subregion: Great Victorian and // Retail and manufacturing Western Australia coastal landscape with Gibson Deserts // Aquaculture // Covers 770,448 km2 bordering wheat-growing // Experiences little and farmland including // Tourism // Bounded by the Little intermittent rainfall Esperance port Sandy Desert and Gibson Desert to the north; the // Flat Nullarbor plain out Wheatbelt region to the to the South Australian west; the Great Australian border Bight to the South; and the South Australian and Northern Territory borders to the east // Population of just under 60,000 // Many mining enterprises operating on a fly-in-fly- out basis

Water availability

Water resource Total allocation limits Gl/year Water available for use Gl/year Water quality

Shallow aquifers 57 54 Fresh to saline

Middle aquifers 11 10 Marginal

Groundwater total 68 64

Harnessing the potential Quality and demand While the region is best known for the In the Goldfields, large quantities of variable Across the region there is further extraction and processing of minerals quality, local groundwater is pumped for groundwater available for general fit for (in particular gold and nickel) there are fit-for-purpose use in gold and nickel mining purpose use from the sedimentary aquifer also well-established agricultural industries, and ore processing. resources. While the coastal Bremer and tourism is a key growth sector. Basin is largely allocated, additional water Goldfields-Esperance experiences little and is available from other areas and from intermittent rainfall. While south-flowing fractured rock aquifers. Water quality and rivers along the Esperance coast are mostly yield are quite variable. quite short and infrequently reach estuaries that open to the ocean, rivers tend to be The Department of Water has technical ephemeral and hyper-saline. information for most sedimentary resources across the region and detailed information Groundwater in palaechannels tends to be for those resources abstracted for public hyper-saline and other aquifers can range in water supply. Detailed water information quality from fresh to brackish to saline. associated with mining projects is used for site-specific water management.

WATER IN THE GOLDFIELDS-ESPERANCE | 28 Map

WESTERN AUSTRALIA LEINSTER

LAVERTON LEONORA

KALGOORLIE-BOULDER COOLGARDIE

GOLDFIELDS-ESPERANCE REGION EUCLA TOWNS NORSEMAN CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS STRATEGIC GROWTH INITIATIVES MINE DEWATERING GROUNDWATER SURFACE WATER ESPERANCE

Town supplies Town supplies for most of the region and Groundwater supplies the drinking water Groundwater from the Esperance Kalgoorlie are piped from Perth through for the coastal towns of Hopetoun and groundwater area provides support to the the famous Goldfields and Agricultural Esperance on the coast. There is available region’s dry-land farming communities and Water Supply Scheme, also known as the water reserved for future town supply in is often carted outside the area for use in CY O’Connor pipeline. the area and new long term options for the drought relief to livestock farmers. town water supplies are being modelled. Local groundwater supplies the drinking The Department of Water works with the water to the inland towns of Sandstone, Aerial electromagnetic surveys were livestock farming community and local Laverton and Leonora. conducted in 2013 and the data gathered by governments to develop and maintain the survey is being used by the Department emergency livestock water supplies of Water in a scientific process to assess the throughout the region, as well as build quantity, quality, availability and recharge of on farm water capacity. the region’s groundwater resources.

WATER IN THE GOLDFIELDS-ESPERANCE | 29 More information

The detailed Water Resources Inventory 2014 which details all known water resources in Western Australia, including water availability, quality and trends is available at www.water.wa.gov.au This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Department of Water.

Department of Water Surface and Groundwater Allocation Plans (as at 9 May 2014)

Kimberley Region: Kwinana-Peel Region: // Ord surface water allocation plan // Cockburn groundwater area management plan // La Grange groundwater allocation plan // Murray groundwater allocation plan // Rockingham-Stakehill groundwater management plan Pilbara Region: // Murray drainage and water management plan // Pilbara groundwater allocation plan // Pilbara regional water supply strategy South West Region: // Western Australia water in mining guideline // Kemerton groundwater subareas water management plan // Lower Collie surface water allocation plan Mid West Gascoyne Region: // South West groundwater areas allocation plan // Arrowsmith groundwater allocation plan // Upper Collie water allocation plan // Carnarvon Artesian Basin water management plan // Warren-Donnelly surface water allocation plan // Jurien groundwater allocation plan // Whicher surface water allocation plan // Lower Gascoyne allocation plan Kalgoorlie-Esperance Region: Swan-Avon Region: // Esperance groundwater subareas management plan // Gingin surface water allocation plan // Gnangara groundwater areas allocation plan // Middle Canning River surface water allocation plan

Disclaimer This document has been published by the Department of Water. Any representation, statement, opinion or advice expressed or implied in this publication is made in good faith and on the basis that the Department of Water and its employees are not liable for any damage or loss whatsoever which may occur as a result of action taken or not taken, as the case may be in respect of any representation, statement, opinion or advice referred to herein. Professional advice should be obtained before applying the information contained in this document to particular circumstances. This publication is available at our website www.water.wa.gov.au or for those with special needs it can be made available in alternative formats such as audio, large print, or Braille. ISBN 978-1-922248-95-4 (Print) ISBN 978-1-922248-95-7 (Online)

MORE INFORMATION | 30 Government of Western Australia Department of Water

Department of Water 168 St Georges Terrace Perth Western Australia 6000 Telephone +61 8 6364 7600 Facsimile +61 8 6364 7601 National Relay Service 13 36 77 www.water.wa.gov.au