DOCSLIB.ORG

Kalix Löjrom Caviar– an Institutional Analysis of the Application and Implementation of Sweden's First PDO

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Kalix Löjrom Caviar– an Institutional Analysis of the Application and Implementation of Sweden's First PDO Kalix löjrom caviar– an institutional analysis of the application and implementation of Sweden's first PDO Madeleine Bonow, Paulina Rytkönen Södertörn University, Sweden Keywords: PDO, Kalix Löjrom, quality schemes, CAP, Institutional convergence Abstract The use and implementation of PDOs is a well established practice in most EU countries. Previous studies show that the use of PDOs is directly related to previous experiences as well as the relative importance of the agro-food sector in a country's economy. In the case of Sweden, the agro-food sector has been oriented towards continuous structural rationalization since at least the 1930's. However, the transformation pressure exerted by a rising competitive level in the market, that emanates both from global as well as regional European sources led to the adoption of new strategies. These strategies entail the on-farm elaboration of farm produce, the diversification of activities as well as the use of certification schemes. In the case of Kalix Löjrom, the strategy selected was the adoption of a PDO, as a way of entering a valorisation process for export purposes as well as defending the product against dislojal competition of products with less quality. As this is the first experience with a PDO in Sweden, the case of Kalix Löjrom offers a rare opportunity to understand the actual problems in implementing a policy tool developed by Southern European countries in a country like Sweden. Thus the article highlights the institutional and structural shortcomings discovered in this process and offers new knowledge and reflections valuable for the future adaptation and implementation of previously unknown policy instruments. 1. Introduction The adoption of the EU quality scheme was a measure designed to meet a variety of needs. On the one hand was the need of consumers to be able to rely on the authenticity and quality of agro-food products and on the other hand was the need of producers to sustain competitiveness and profitability. Some of the main tools of the quality scheme are the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) for agricultural farm products and foodstuffs and wine and spirits: the Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSG) for agricultural farm products and foodstuffs and the scheme for Organic farming. The PDO is a collective branding tool that producers can use in order to create value added for their product based on the cultural and geographic origin/place of the product. It has have the advantage that the connection to the origin means that the production cannot be moved and therefore invested efforts in creating value remains with the people that originally gave the product its reputation (Rytkönen et. al. 2012). Before joining the EU in 1995, Sweden had no previous experiences with the PDO scheme. The previously dominating agro-food trend was that of far reaching structural rationalization. This was the result of a normative agreement between political parties and farmer alliances (Eriksson 2004) and led to the decimation in the number of farms and firms in less than a century (Morell 2001). The main parameter for food quality was hygiene, thus food quality became equal to processed food and if possible untouched by the hand of humans. Sensory qualities and cultural values embedded in food became subordinated. It is therefore not surprising that Swedes only certified a few products in the European quality scheme after the EU accession. The first product was the Svecia cheese, an industrially produced cheese that does not really qualify under current rules for a PGI because it delimits the production area to all of Sweden besides the mountainous areas, but that was granted as a political gesture and to promote more applications from Sweden (Ernlund and Ionescu 2009). The other two PGI’s are the Skåne pyramid cake and brown beans from Öland. Sweden has also two TGS products, namely Hushållsost and Falukorv, both of which are industrially processed. Consequently, when the PDO for Kalix Löjrom was gained it was the result of a unique experience for Sweden (www.slv.se). Over the last decades, a cautious increase in the number of small holdings and rural food firms started to occur as a response to the extreme rationalization pressure that agribusiness companies exert on farms. The state has played an important role in this process not the least since the “Sweden – new culinary country” initiative (Rytkönen et. al.2012). Current research indicates that small holdings and on farm processing of food can be a potential vehicle for entrepreneurship, especially amongst women. They could also contribute to growth and to create new work opportunities in thinly populated areas (Bonow et. al. 2012). Therefore, filling the current gap of knowledge about the application process and the implementation of Sweden’s first PDO is an urgent task from which both producers and public authorities can gain. This article is the first attempt to fill that gap. Departing from an institutional perspective, the article analyzes some of the main problems and opportunities faced during the application process and the implementation of the PDO. The main questions are: Which were the main obstacles and opportunities experienced during the application and implementation of the PDO? What can we learn from this experience? We have chosen the case study methodology and the study is based on interviews with key informants, participatory observations in conferences national conferences on the topic in 2011, primary and secondary sources. The article starts with a theoretical discussion, followed by an analysis of the application process, the implementation so far. The article ends with a short overview of some potential benefits with the PDO. 1.1 Theoretical considerations Institutions are defined as all those formal and informal traditions, mechanisms and social rules and orders that condition the behaviour of individuals and of society. According to North (1991), institutions can be seen as history comprised into our actions. Institutions play a fundamental role behind development and success of economies and societies because they facilitate the coordination and performance of market relations. Because institutions influence the way in which we behave they are crucial for economic growth, efficiency and long term development. (North 1991) Some institutions are formal, and are comprised by formal laws and rules in combination with the state’s ability to enforce them (Gunnarsson et. al. 2008). Market and agricultural regulations under the EU legislation are examples of formal institutions. Traditions, informal social structures and also habits developed by path dependency are examples of informal institutions. Institutions pre-determine positive or negative outcomes in economic development (North 1991). Improper or negative institutions are likely to hamper economic development by increasing transaction costs (Coase 1937, 1960). The articulation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the development of the common market are components in a massive project of institutional assimilation in which a country’s historical experiences and institutional setting is subordinated to the common European institutions. The PDO scheme was developed with the French Appellation d’ Origin scheme as its model. France has a long history of using the scheme, therefore it is known by both producers and consumers. (Rytkönen et al 2012). An evaluation of the PDO and PGI schemes made in 2008 concluded that the agricultural sector's size, authorities encouragement of using the schemes, the presence of a strong food culture, and when the countries joined the European Union were all significant factors that influenced the use of the PDO/PGI. A country in which authorities encourage applications will on average have 14 more PDOs and PGIs, than a country where this is not encouraged. Countries in southern Europe will on average have 32 more PDOs and PGIs than the countries that are not located in Southern Europe. New member states will on average have 15 fewer PDOs and 13 fewer PGIs than the older member states. Another important conclusion was that there is a learning process connected to the use and failure or success of these schemes (London Economics 2008). Thus, departing from previous knowledge, the application for and implementation of a PDO in Sweden reflects the implementation of a new piece of formal and informal institutional setting (laws, tradition and knowledge). Due to lack of space we have chosen to delimit us to institutional loopholes, here defined as deficiencies in existing regulations and praxis and to institutional rigidity, here defined as obstacles caused by path dependency or lack of knowledge, etc. 1.2 The application process In 2005 the Swedish caviar market had been penetrated by cheaper alternatives from Finland and Canada. A complicating factor was that both imported alternatives as well as roe from other parts of Sweden renamed their products to “Kalix Löjrom”. The main reason was that Kalix Löjrom had already acquired a good reputation and customers were willing to pay a little more for it. This problem forced Norrlands Kustfiskareföreningen, BD fish, its owners and local authorities to find a way to put an end to the disloyal competition. All stakeholders joined forces in order to find a solution. The initial suggestion was to develop a special certification or to register Kalix Löjrom as a trademark. After analyzing both alternatives the conclusion was that the former would generate a very weak protection, while the latter was not allowed under the trademark legislation because the name of the product is generic. It was at that point that somebody proposed that the solution would be to use the same protection that prevents the use of a “champagne” label on a bottle of Swedish sap (Bergman 2012). Consequently with the financial support of the municipality of Kalix, the Swedish Board of Fisheries and the fishermen, a PDO application was submitted to the NFA in 2006.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Annual Report
    Division of Quality & Environmental Management ANNUAL REPORT 2005-2007 1 Background and Overview In January 1, 2003 the Division of Quality & Environmental Management (Avdelningen för kvalitets- & miljöledning) was created through a merger between the Quality Technology group and the Environmental Management group. The establishment of the division, the very first one of this kind in Sweden, was supported both from industry and the public sector in Sweden. Large efforts were spent on a successful merger, partly with financial support from the Development Council Government Sector (Utvecklingsrådet för den statliga sektorn). For instance, efforts have been put on our values and the culture; see Figure 2. In February 2006 the Division of Quality & Environmental Management was merged with several other divisions into a unit named Division of Business Administration and Manage- ment (Avdelningen för företagsekonomi & verksamhetsutveckling). Figure 1 Parts of the staff of our division at Kukkolaforsen, June 16, 2006. Photo: Rickard Garvare. Our four main processes illustrate central activities at Quality & Environmental Management: Undergraduate and Graduate Education, Postgraduate Education, Research, and Links to Society; see Figure 3. Activities are often performed in a close co-operation with business companies, public organizations and other parts of our society and we are convinced that collaboration is of benefit for all parties. This is also emphasized in our vision, which states that “we shall be internationally acknowledged for, to
    [Show full text]
  • We Have Built a Modern New Hospital to Provide the Best Care
    THE NORRBOTTEN COUNTY COUNCIL This is all about the Norrbotten County Council. We Primary care is organized jointly for the whole don’t want to bore you with a lot of big talk about county, which enables rational, goal-oriented efficiency, expertise, resources and all the rest. In development. Norrbotten, we’re not much for boasting. We prefer to get right to the point. SUNDERBY HOSPITAL IN LULEÅ Sunderby Hospital is a centre of excellence for health care in Norrbotten. It functions as both a regional hospital for the entire county and as a district hospital for the people of Luleå and Boden. We have built a modern new About 257,000 people live in Norrbotten, just over 100,000 of whom live in Luleå and Boden. The hospital has more than 400 care places and 17 hospital to provide the best care. operating theatres, as well as a 40-room hotel for IT’S LIKE THIS patients who do not require round-the-clock care. Primary care is the core activity in our big county. Sunderby Hospital has general surgery, urology, Many clinics in locations far from hospitals orthopaedics, child psychiatry, children’s medicine/ function as mini-hospitals according to the so- rehabilitation, gynaecology/obstetrics, internal called rural model. We have built a modern regional medicine, an infection clinic, cardiology, respiratory hospital to be able to provide the best care using medicine, dialysis, haematology, dermatology, the newest methods. In addition, we have four emergency acute care (intensive care unit, surgery county hospitals with different areas of specializa- and ambulance), radiology, clinical physiology, tion in addition to basic care.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of the Northern Norrbotten Ore Province, Northern Sweden Paper 3 (13) Editor: Stefan Bergman
    Rapporter och meddelanden 141 Geology of the Northern Norrbotten ore province, northern Sweden Paper 3 (13) Editor: Stefan Bergman Rapporter och meddelanden 141 Geology of the Northern Norrbotten ore province, northern Sweden Editor: Stefan Bergman Sveriges geologiska undersökning 2018 ISSN 0349-2176 ISBN 978-91-7403-393-9 Cover photos: Upper left: View of Torneälven, looking north from Sakkara vaara, northeast of Kiruna. Photographer: Stefan Bergman. Upper right: View (looking north-northwest) of the open pit at the Aitik Cu-Au-Ag mine, close to Gällivare. The Nautanen area is seen in the back- ground. Photographer: Edward Lynch. Lower left: Iron oxide-apatite mineralisation occurring close to the Malmberget Fe-mine. Photographer: Edward Lynch. Lower right: View towards the town of Kiruna and Mt. Luossavaara, standing on the footwall of the Kiruna apatite iron ore on Mt. Kiirunavaara, looking north. Photographer: Stefan Bergman. Head of department, Mineral Resources: Kaj Lax Editor: Stefan Bergman Layout: Tone Gellerstedt och Johan Sporrong, SGU Print: Elanders Sverige AB Geological Survey of Sweden Box 670, 751 28 Uppsala phone: 018-17 90 00 fax: 018-17 92 10 e-mail: [email protected] www.sgu.se Table of Contents Introduktion (in Swedish) .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Tularemia Outbreak of Historical Proportions in the Norrbotten County, Sweden (Nr
    A Tularemia Outbreak of Historical Proportions in the Norrbotten County, Sweden (nr. 1434) Tomas N Gustafsson, MD, PhD (1,2)*, Anders Nystedt, MD (1,3) (1)Infectious Disease Clinic, Sunderby Hospital, Luleå, Sweden, (2) Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, (3) Unit for Disease Prevention and Control, Sunderby Hospital, Luleå, Sweden (*)Presenting and corresponding author ([email protected]) Introduction Results Distribution of clinical forms – the ulceroglandular form was predominant Tularemia, which is caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, exist in The largest outbreak in the Norrbotten County. several different forms; ulceroglandular, occuloglandular, typhoid (septic), r 450 pulmonary and oropharyngeal. Sweden experiences recurrent outbreaks with a 3 Oropharyngeal e The incidence varies widely As expected, the y 400 irregular intervals and geographical localizations. Although infections with 32 Pulmonary r between years as illustrated e 350 47 Typhoid ulceroglandular form the type B strains found in Sweden does not normally result in fatalaties, they p 300 for the last 20 years. The 406 324 Ulceroglandular dominted with almost 80% s cause significant morbidity unless treated early. Infections are normally e cases of 2015 is a doubling of s 250 of reported cases. There treated with ciprofloxacin or doxycycline although aminoglycosides can be a c 200 the previous high in the year were no reported used. The infection is classified as notifiable under the Swedish f o of 2012 and puts it amongst 150 occuloglandular cases. Communicable Diseases Act. r e 100 the largest outbreaks in b The Norrbotten County is the largest and northernmost county in Sweden m 50 Sweden during the period for u and is situated around the arctic circle.
    [Show full text]
  • Hälso- Och Sjukvårdsbarometern 2018, Resultat För Norrbotten
    Hälso- och sjukvårdsbarometern 2018 Resultat Norrbotten Förtroende och attityder till hälso- och sjukvården bland invånare 18 år och uppåt ”Förtroende är framåtsyftande, nöjdhet bakåtsyftande” (Vårdanalys, 2018:4) 4 huvudresultat 1. Norrbotten ligger överlag sämre till än riket. 2. Trenderna är samma i länet som i riket med några få undantag (ex vis en fortsatt positiv utveckling i länet av förtroende för 1177-telefoni) 3. Stora skillnader inom länet vad gäller de flesta resultat. (Syd utmärker sig med mer positiv utveckling överlag och framförallt vad gäller förtroende) 4. Små skillnader mellan män och kvinnor (män har dock högre förtroende för hälsocentraler (HC) och samt fler män som anser att vården ges på lika villkor, kvinnor har större förtroende för 1177.) Jag har tillgång till den hälso- och sjukvård jag behöver Andel i befolkningen som upplever att de har tillgång till den hälso- och sjukvård som de behöver fördelat på närsjukvårdsområden åren 2016, 2017 samt 2018 (%) 100% 87%87% 90% 84%84% 82% 81% 80%78% 79%80%79% 80% 77% 75% 69%71% 70% 70% 65%66% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Norrbotten Region Norrbotten Region Norrbotten Region Norrbotten Region Norrbotten Riket Öst Syd Nord Mitt 2016 2017 2018 Region Norrbotten Mitt: Luleå-Boden kommuner Region Norrbotten Syd: Piteå, Älvsbyn, Arvidsjaur samt Arjeplogs kommuner Region Norrbotten Öst: Kalix, Övertorneå, Överkalix samt Haparanda kommuner Region Norrbotten Nord: Gällivare, Pajala, Kiruna samt Jokkmokks kommuner Förtroende för... Andel i befolkningen med mycket eller ganska stort
    [Show full text]
  • Remote On-Call Support in Rural Areas Summary
    Distance meeting — Sweden Remote on-call support in rural areas Summary Remote on-call support from Kalix hospital to the health centres in Övertorneå and Överkalix has been a routine practice for three years. During the evening, at night and at weekends there is no doctor at the health centre in Övertorneå. Emergency cases, where appropriate, are handled re- motely via video conference. People who contact the healthcare hotline on 1177 (a national service for healthcare counselling) are prioritized based on their symptoms and also the acuteness of their situation. The cases that are deemed most acute – priority level 1 – are transported directly to Kalix hospital, while other less acute cases are handled at the health centre in Övertorneå. The patient is examined by a nurse at the health centre. The nurse takes samples, carries out ECGs, etc. If required, the on-call doctor at Kalix hospital will be contacted. The doctor will carry out an assessment and, if necessary, can prescribe medication and admit the patient to a bed at the health centre. This working model has currently been established at the health centres in Övertorneå and Överkalix and will shortly be extended to the health centres in Pajala and Jokkmokk. Övertorneå health centre also works with skills transfer in which it educates AKS nurses (advanced clinical specialist nurses) who can relieve doctors by handling a higher number of patients. Education for AKS nurses will start in both Luleå and Östersund. Main effects of the solution This working model enables patients to receive health care closer to their homes to a greater extent.
    [Show full text]
  • American Scientist the Magazine of Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society
    A reprint from American Scientist the magazine of Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society This reprint is provided for personal and noncommercial use. For any other use, please send a request to Permissions, American Scientist, P.O. Box 13975, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, U.S.A., or by electronic mail to [email protected]. ©Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society and other rightsholders Marginalia Mining the Boreal North Nancy Langston few days after Christmas, have thrived in the boreal forest. With- A I took the train south from Resource extraction out people, reindeer might not have Kiruna, a small mining town 200 ki- thrived as well. lometers above the Arctic Circle in Reindeer are well suited to the tai- Sweden. All three train cars were filled decisions are not ga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a with Asian tourists drawn to Kiruna thermogradient between body core and by the promises of shiny brochures: simply about the environment of up to 100 degrees, “See the Aurora Borealis in the last in part because of insulation provid- pristine wilderness in Europe! Come wilderness ed by their fur, and in part because of to Sweden’s pure nature!” counter-current vascular heat exchange I stood at the window and watched preservation or systems in their legs and nasal passag- the taiga—the boreal forest—slip by es. Cold is little problem; the challenge through the polar night. The moon rose development is finding food. Reindeer migration pat- over stunted spruce and birch trees terns reduce some, but not all, of their bent beneath drifts of snow.
    [Show full text]
  • Och Chefsstruktur Bilaga A
    Översyn och kartläggning av Region Norrbottens sjukvårdssystem Delrapport 5: Lednings- och Chefsstruktur Bilaga A: Organisationskartor v1.00 1 Innehållsförteckning • Division Länssjukvården - nuläge • Division Länssjukvården - nyläge (befintlig organisation) • Division Närsjukvård Piteå, Kalix, Gällivare, Kiruna - nuläge • Division Närsjukvård Piteå, Kalix, Gällivare, Kiruna - nyläge (befintlig organisation) • Division Närsjukvård Luleå-Boden - nuläge • Division Närsjukvård Luleå-Boden - nyläge (befintlig organisation) • Alla divisionen - nyläge (vidareutvecklad organisation) Sid 2 Läsanvisning • Observera: Kartläggningen av respektive nyläge har utgått ifrån vilka roller som ska finnas i strukturen och inte vilka personer som ska besitta dessa, detta behöver läsaren ha i åtanke vid eventuell jämförelse av nyläge med nuläget. • Organisationsträden innehåller information om rollens titel och antal anställda enligt exemplet nedan Exempel Rolltitel Akutsjukvården Verksamhetschef Antal anställda 24 Sid 3 Division Länssjukvården - nuläge Sid 4 4 Länssjukvården Divisionschef 15 Länschef/ Länschef/ Länschef Länschef/ Länschef/ Verksamhetschef Verksamhetschef Särskilt Verksamhetschef Verksamhetschef Öron/Näsa/Hals/Käk Ögon Stöd/Funktionshinder Obstetrik/Gynekologi Laboratoriemedicin 5 18 3 1 18 Länschef/ Länschef Länschef/ Länschef/ Länschef/ Verksamhetschef Barnsjukvård Verksamhetschef Verksamhetschef Verksamhetschef Bild- & funktionsmedicin AN/Op/IVA Allmän Kirurgi/Urologi Ortopedi 5 13 5 5 2 Vårdchef barnsjukvården (länssamordnande uppdrag)
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report
    TOWN Small and medium sized towns in their functional territorial context Applied Research 2013/1/23 Case Study Report | Sweden Version 15th May, 2014 ESPON 2013 1 This report presents the interim results of an Applied Research Project conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2013 Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The partnership behind the ESPON Programme consists of the EU Commission and the Member States of the EU27, plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. Each partner is represented in the ESPON Monitoring Committee. This report does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the Monitoring Committee. Information on the ESPON Programme and projects can be found on www.espon.eu The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This basic report exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON & University of Leuven, 2013. Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON Coordination Unit in Luxembourg. ESPON 2013 2 List of authors Mats Johansson (editor, text, data processing) Jan Haas (text, data processing, map-making) Elisabetta Troglio (map-making) Rosa Gumà Altés (data processing) Christian Lundh (interviews) ESPON 2013 3 Table of Contents 1. NATIONAL CONTEXT ........................................................................... 8 1.1 National/regional definitions of SMSTs .......................................... 14 1.2 SMSTs in national/regional settlement system: a literature overview .................................................................................................. 24 1.3 Territorial organization of local government system ...................... 25 2. TERRITORIAL INDENTIFICATION OF SMSTS .................................. 30 2.1 Validation of the identification of SMSTS based on morphological/geomatic approach ..........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • From Recognition to Empowerment –
    Coordination and follow up Since 1 January 2010, the Stockholm County Administrative Board and the Sami Parliament have a joint national task to: • coordinate the goals of the minority policy • follow-up the implementation of the minority policy • report on compliance with the Act on National Minorities and Minority Languages • highlight the national minorities and disseminate knowledge about their rights • distribute government subsidies to municipalities, county councils and national minority organisations From recognition to empowerment – The Sami Parliament also has a specific task to: from words to deeds • create and operate a national website to increase knowledge about the national minorities, www.minoritet.se • be the principal for two Sami language centres to conduct operations to develop and stimulate an increased use of the Sami language. A minority-based approach The Stockholm County Administrative The Sami Parliament Board’s unit for minority issues Development Manager Developement Manager Sophie Lidstone Aina Negga + 46 (0)10-223 12 25 + 46 (0)980 -780 58 Katarina Popovic Ellen Omma + 46 (0)10-223 15 17 +46 (0)980-780 37 Helena Cronséll www.minoritet.se Web Editor + 46 (0)10-223 12 79 Malin Andersson Junkka Moa Nordin +46 (0)70-640 60 06 + 46 (0)10-223 14 15 In December 1999, the Swedish Riksdag decided to approve ratification In addition, specific rights apply to Finnish, Sami and Meänkieli-speaking people of the Council of Europe’s Framework Convention for the protection of in each administrative area: national minorities and the European Charter for Regional or Minority • individuals are entitled to use their languages in oral and written contacts with Languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Winter Guide Kiruna
    SWEDISHthe destinations of LAPLAND YOUR ARCTIC DESTINATION winter/early spring A MAGNIFICENT MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPE From skiing along the King’s Trail to extreme off-piste ICEHOTEL Natural ice experiences all year round new kiruna The present and the past in harmony Aurora BorealisTHE BEST PLACE IN THE WORLD TO SEE THE NORTHERN LIGHTS? Welcome to winter white Kiruna Photo: Tomas Utsi Tomas Photo: HERE IN THE NORTHERNMOST PA RT of Swedish begins with crisp coldness and ends with the Lapland, the contrasts are as beautiful as they are bright rays of the spring sun, waking up the land numerous, almost endless. You will find an infinite by shining both day and night. variety of activities here, winter months with blue, We have clear seasons here. Some people reckon arctic light, and the northern lights crackling and we have four seasons, but the Sámi people have dancing across the skies. Later in the season, there taught us there are actually eight. Winter is divided will even be the midnight sun. Kiruna is home to into three seasons; early winter, true winter and Sweden’s highest mountains and the world’s lar- spring-winter. The climate and seasons are very gest underground iron ore mine. Kiruna is unique, important to the Sámi people for their reindeer with our world-famous ICEHOTEL located here, herding, and as our guest we can offer you all world class skiing and adventure around every cor- kinds of things to do depending on the timing of ner no matter which part of the region you choose your visit.
    [Show full text]
  • Unique Memoriesand Handicraft Meet the Sámi Culture a Lot More Than Reindeer Herding Welcome to Jokkmokk – SMALL-TOWN CHARM HEADING for the BIG ADVENTURE
    JOKK MOKK SWEDISHthe destinations of LAPLAND JÅHKÅMÅHKKE SWEDEN’S NORTHERNMOST DESTINATION winter/spring winter Jokkmokk Winter Market 400 YEARS OF FOOD EXPERIENCES, CELEBRATION AND TRADITION BEHIND DOGS OR ON SKIS Better without tracks locally-produced beauty products Unique memoriesand handicraft meet the sámi culture a lot more than reindeer herding Welcome to Jokkmokk – SMALL-TOWN CHARM HEADING FOR THE BIG ADVENTURE JOKKMOKK IS A mythical, multi-faceted and bare mountain, between town and wilderness, be- challenging part of Swedish Lapland. Five thou- tween high-tech and inherited knowledge. Tame sand people live here, in an area as large as half rivers with huge dams supply the Swedish grid of Switzerland. Jokkmokk consists of forestland, with a significant amount of green electricity. In marshland and a magnificent mountain world other rivers and streams the water flows just like with vast national parks, such as Sarek and Pad- it has always done. Not even ice can tame what’s jelanta. The viable Sámi culture is carried by both wild. modern and ancient traditions. For many, Jokkmokk is a yet unknown destina- The Arctic climate features abrupt and exciting tion. You can still feel like an explorer here, seasonal changes. Winter is long. The northern experiencing and seeing things that most people lights give dark and cloudless nights a magical around the world will never be able to. Your time touch as they billow across the sky in green, but spent here could be the most memorable days of sometimes also white, pink and purple. Temper- your life. Just remember that you have to plan atures change rapidly: one day heading towards your trip a little bit more carefully than if this was minus 35 and the next featuring a mild breeze and a visit to a population-dense, developed area.
    [Show full text]