ANKARA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH CENTER FOR MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY (ANKÜSAM) Publication No: 1

Proceedings of the International Symposium

The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age

October 13th – 19th 1997, Urla - İzmir (Turkey)

Edited by

Hayat Erkanal, Harald Hauptmann, Vasıf Şahoğlu, Rıza Tuncel

Ankara • 2008 ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ / ANKARA UNIVERSITY SUALTI ARKEOLOJİK ARAŞTIRMA ve UYGULAMA MERKEZİ (ANKÜSAM) RESEARCH CENTER FOR MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY (ANKÜSAM) Yayın No / Publication No: 1

Ön kapak: İzmir - Höyücek’de ele geçmiş insan yüzü tasvirli bir stel. M.Ö. 3. Bin. Front cover: A stelae depicting a human face from İzmir - Höyücek . 3rd Millennium BC. Arka kapak: Liman Tepe Erken Tunç Çağı II, Atnalı Biçimli Bastiyon. Back cover: Early Bronze Age II horse-shoe shaped bastion at Liman Tepe.

Kapak Tasarımı / Cover Design : Vasıf Şahoğlu

ISBN: 978-975-482-767-5

Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi / Ankara University Press İncitaşı Sokak No:10 06510 Beşevler / ANKARA Tel: 0 (312) 213 66 55 Basım Tarihi: 31 / 03 / 2008

CONTENTS

Abbreviations …………………………………………………………………………………...... xi Preface by the Editors ………………………………………………………………………………… xiii Opening speech by the Mayor, Bülent BARATALI …...……………………………………………...... xxiii Opening speech by Prof. Dr. Ekrem AKURGAL ……………………………………...... xxv Opening speech by Prof. Dr. Christos DOUMAS……………………………………………………….. xxvii

LILIAN ACHEILARA in Prehistoric Times …..……………………………………………………………. 1

VASSILIKI ADRIMI – SISMANI Données Récentes Concernant Le Site Prehistorique De Dimini: La Continuité de l’Habitation Littorale depuis le Début du Néolithique Récent jusqu’à la Fin du Bronze Ancien ……………………………………………………………………………… 9

IOANNIS ASLANIS Frühe Fortifikationssysteme in Griechenland ………………………………………………. 35

PANAGIOTA AYGERINOU A Flaked-Stone Industry from : A Preliminary Report …………………………… 45

ANTHI BATZIOU – EFSTATHIOU Kastraki: A New Bronze Age Settlement in Achaea Phthiotis …………………………….. 73

MARIO BENZI A Forgotten Island: Kalymnos in the Late Neolithic Period ……………………………….. 85

ÖNDER BİLGİ Relations between İkiztepe by the Black Sea Coast and the Aegean World before Iron Age ……………………………………………………………………………... 109

TRISTAN CARTER Cinnabar and the Cyclades: Body modification and Political Structure in the Late EB I Southern Cyclades ………………………………………………………...... 119

CHRISTOS DOUMAS The Aegean Islands and their Role in the Developement of Civilisation …………...... 131

ANTHI DOVA Prehistoric Topography of : The Early Bronze Age ………………………………. 141

NIKOS EFSTRATIOU The Neolithic of the Aegean Islands: A New Picture Emerging …………………...... 159

HAYAT ERKANAL Die Neue Forschungen in Bakla Tepe bei İzmir ..…………………………………………. 165

HAYAT ERKANAL Liman Tepe: A New Light on the Prehistoric Aegean Cultures …………………………… 179

JEANNETTE FORSÉN The Asea Valley from the Neolithic Period to the Early Bronze Age ……………...... 191

DAVID H. FRENCH Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age Pottery of Southwest Anatolia ………………...... 197 viii Contents

NOEL GALE Metal Sources for Early Bronze Age Troy and the Aegean ………………………...... 203

BARTHEL HROUDA Zur Chronologie Südwestkleinasiens in der 2. Hälfte des 3. Jahrtausends v. Chr ...... 223

HALİME HÜRYILMAZ 1996 Rettungsgrabungen auf dem Yenibademli Höyük, Gökçeada / Imbros …………….. 229

ERGUN KAPTAN Metallurgical Residues from Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age Liman Tepe …………………………………………………………………………...... 243

ANNA KARABATSOLI and LIA KARIMALI Etude Comparative Des Industries Lithiques Taillées Du Néolithique Final Et Du Bronze Ancien Egéen : Le Cas De Pefkakia ………………………………………….. 251

NECMİ KARUL Flechtwerkgabäude aus Osttrakien ……………………………………………………….. 263

SİNAN KILIÇ The Early Bronze Age Pottery from Northwest Turkey in Light of Results of a Survey around the Marmara Sea ………………………………………………………….. 275

OURANIA KOUKA Zur Struktur der frühbronzezeitlichen insularen Gesellschaften der Nord- und Ostägäis: Ein neues Bild der sogenannten “Trojanischen Kultur”…………….. 285

NINA KYPARISSI – APOSTOLIKA Some Finds of Balkan (or Anatolian) Type in the Neolithic Deposit of Theopetra Cave, Thessaly …………………………………………………………………. 301

LAURA LABRIOLA First Impressions: A Preliminary Account of Matt Impressed Pottery in the Prehistoric Aegean ………………………………………………………………………… 309

ROBERT LAFFINEUR Aspects of Early Bronze Age Jewellery in the Aegean …………………………………… 323

KYRIAKOS LAMBRIANIDES and NIGEL SPENCER The Early Bronze Age Sites of and the Madra Çay Delta: New Light on a Discrete Regional Centre of Prehistoric Settlement and Society in the Northeast Aegean ……………………………………………………...... 333

YUNUS LENGERANLI Metallic Mineral Deposits and Occurences of the Izmir District, Turkey ………………… 355

EFTALIA MAKRI – SKOTINIOTI and VASSILIKI ADRIMI – SISMANI Les Sites Du Neolithique Recent Dans Le Golfe Pagasetique : La Transformation Des Sites De L’age De Bronze En Sites Urbains (Le Cas De Dimini) ……………………. 369

ELSA NIKOLAOU, VASSO RONDIRI and LIA KARIMALI Magoula Orgozinos: A Neolithic Site in Western Thessaly, Greece ………………………. 387

EMEL OYBAK and CAHİT DOĞAN Plant Remains from Liman Tepe and Bakla Tepe in the İzmir Region ……………………. 399

Contents ix

DEMETRA PAPACONSTANTINOU Looking for ‘Texts’ in the Neolithic Aegean: Space, Place and the Study of Domestic Architecture (Poster summary) …………………………………...... 407

ATHANASSIOS J. PAPADOPOULOS and SPYRIDOULA KONTORLI – PAPADOPOULOU Some thoughts on the Problem of Relations between the Aegean and Western Greece in the Early Bronze Age …………………………………………………. 411

STRATIS PAPADOPOULOS and DIMITRA MALAMIDOU Limenaria: A Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Settlement at Thasos ……………………… 427

DANIEL J. PULLEN Connecting the Early Bronze I and II Periods in the Aegean ……………………………….. 447

JEREMY B. RUTTER Anatolian Roots of Early Helladic III Drinking Behaviour …………………………………. 461

VASIF ŞAHOĞLU New Evidence for the Relations Between the Izmir Region, the Cyclades and the Greek Mainland during the Third Millennium BC …………………………………. 483

ADAMANTIOS SAMPSON From the Mesolithic to the Neolithic: New Data on Aegean Prehistory ……………………. 503

EVANGELIA SKAFIDA Symbols from the Aegean World: The Case of Late Neolithic Figurines and House Models from Thessaly …………………………………………………………... 517

PANAGIOTA SOTIRAKOPOULOU The Cyclades, The East Aegean Islands and the Western Asia Minor: Their Relations in the Aegean Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age …………………….. 533

GEORGIA STRATOULI Soziale une ökonomische Aspekte des Chalkolithikums (spätneolithikum II) in der Ägäis aufgrund alter und neuer Angaben …………………………………………….. 559

GEORGE TOUFEXIS Recent Neolithic Research in the Eastern Thessalian Plain, Greece: A Preliminary Report ……………………………………………………………………….. 569

RIZA TUNCEL IRERP Survey Program: New Prehistoric Settlements in the Izmir Region ……………….. 581

HANNELORE VANHAVERBEKE, PIERRE M. VERMEERSCH, INGRID BEULS, BEA de CUPERE and MARC WAELKENS People of the Höyüks versus People of the Mountains ? …………………………………… 593

KOSTAS VOUZAXAKIS An Alternative Suggestion in Archaeological Data Presentations: Neolithic Culture Through the Finds from Volos Archaeological Museum ……………….. 607

Closing Remarks by Prof. Dr Machteld J. MELLINK ………………………………………………. 611

Symposium Programme ……………………………………………………………………………… 615

Memories from the Symposium……………………………………………………………………… 623

Myrina in Prehistoric Times

Lilian ACHEILARA

ABSTRACT: Prehistoric Lemnos with at least three major settlements -Poliochni, Myrina and Koukonisi- as well as numerous sites with building remains, like that of Mikro Kastelli, Vriokastro, Progomylos, Agariones, Axia, Kaspaka, etc. held an important place in the culture of the North Aegean. With its strategic geographical position at the entrance of the straits of the Hellespont and on the sea routes from and to the Euxine Pontus, it constituted the station through which goods and ideas were circulated. Also, it was the base for the development of metallurgy of raw materials and the technical know-how which came from the wealthy centers of the Black Sea. The settlement of Myrina is founded on the west coast of the island, opposite Chalkidiki and the Sporades. It has the characteristics of a coastal settlement with a geomorphology that assured it self-sufficiency from an agricultural, stock-raising and fishing point of view. It provided a safe anchorage for its inhabitants, and also a revictualling station for merchants and mariners. Rescue excavations begun by the XXth Ephorate of Antiquities in 1986 have uncovered on the coastal area of Richa Nera remains of a settlement with urban character, fortified with a mighty wall. The rich movable finds give some insight into the occupations and the everyday life of the inhabitants. Agriculture, animal husbandry and fishing form the occupations that have relationship with the dietary and the economy of the people of the settlement. Moreover, the inhabitants developed processing activities (bone- working, stone-working, spinning, metallurgy) and are occupied with carpentry, pottery, textile weaving, basketry, trade and seafaring. The archaeological researches up to now date the settlement from the Late Neolithic period to the Early Bronze Age with correspondence to the blue, the green and the beginning of the Red period at Poliochni.

The geographical position of Myrina, the The fate of the island over the centuries, modern capital of the island of Hephaistos, on from very early times, has been determined by the west coast of Lemnos has determined the its vital geographical position «εν Θρακία history of the town from its first settlement in θαλάσση (in the Thracian sea)» at the entrance prehistoric times to the present day. Built on a to the Dardanelles, half way between Mount coastal site and facing the Aegean, Chalkidiki Athos and the . This was always a and the Sporades it formed an important station strategic position in the Aegean sea routes from on the sea routes from and to the straits of the north to south, from east to west, and vice Hellespont and the Black Sea (Fig. 1). An echo versa, and a port of call for vessels sailing to the of the significance of the city’s location in Euxine Pontus. The geomorphology of the prehistoric times may be sought in the legend of island which was self-sufficient in agricultural the Argonaut voyage, according to which Jason and stock raising products, its proximity to the and the Argonauts called in at Myrina on their Asia Minor landmass which ensured greater way to Colchis during the period when women resources for its inhabitants, the seafaring and ruled on Lemnos. trade that further strengthened its economy, and the development of metallurgy with raw Myrina is one of the important urban materials and technical know-how which came settlements on the island, along with Poliochni from the rich centers of the Black Sea, all on the east coast opposite the coastal zone of played an important role in the cultural Asia Minor, and Koukonisi in the sheltered flowering of Lemnos in the Early Bronze Age. Moudros Bay. It played a leading role in the A large number of sites were founded mainly in impressive web of settlements during the Early the central and eastern part of the island, in rich Bronze Age, as archaeological excavations and grazing grounds and fertile valleys. The surveys, have revealed. cultivation of cereals, pulses and vines made the 2 Lilian ACHEILARA inhabitants self-sufficient in primary products some 45 hectares. After the settlement was and, at the same time, brought them a surplus abandoned, life was transferred to other parts of for exchange with goods produced outside the the city, which accounts for the relatively small island, which included metals. Homer1 refers surface level, about 30 cm thick. This fact, the middle-man trade between Euenos, the king together with the circumstance that the city of Lemnos, and the Achaeans, involving metals remained uneffected by the building activity of and lemnian wine. later historical periods and modern times means that it will be possible to complete the The first excavations, beginning in 1986, systematic excavations in the expropriated area were conducted by the XXth Ephorate of by the Ministry of Culture and study the finds Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities at the site yielded by it. of Richa Nera in Myrina, in an area liberally scattered with Early Bronze Age sherds (Fig. On the basis of existing archaeological 2). Since that time, trial trenches, sunk in other evidence, the first signs of human presence in building plots in the same area, have Myrina have been located on a prominent site, continually added to our knowledge of the on the peninsula-promontory of the extent, date and importance of prehistoric Meteorological Station. Trial trenches on this Myrina. The building remains and movable site reached bedrock in two building plots that finds investigated so far attest to systematic of the Lemnos Officer’s Club (Fig. 4) and that occupation of the settlement, which dates from of the Meteorological Station. The early date of the end of the Neolithic period and the Early the site in the Final Neolithic period3 is based Bronze Age2. on three successive habitation levels with building remains founded on bedrock, and on The choice of the site of Myrina in movable finds typical of this period. The prehistoric times follows the model found remnants belong to private houses with throughout much of the Aegean, whereby the curvilinear and rectilinear plans and stone-built main criterion for the foundation of a settlement foundations. The pottery has a characteristic was a sufficiency of agricultural and stock well-fired fabric containing mica. The sherds of raising products combined with direct access to coarse-ware have a large number of inclusions. the sea (Fig. 3). The settlement lies by the sea The finer wares are dark -mainly black- and and was protected by a gulf defined by the burnished; where decoration is present, it Petasos and Kastro hills. It occupies an follows a technique involving clusters of fine, elongated elevation in the ground that ends in a white, painted, parallel lines4. This typical small peninsula offering safe anchorage on both Aegean decoration is known in the pottery of sides, at the sandy beaches of Romeikos Yalos Thermi on Lesbos5, Emporio on Chios6, and and Richa Nera, which were used both by the the Black period at Poliochni on Lemnos7, and inhabitants and by the merchants and the is also found in the pre-Trojan culture of Asia mariners. The rich fertile soil around the Minor and the Kum Tepe IA2 phase of the settlement supplied it with agricultural products Troad8. The predominant shapes are the jug, the and the low hills are suitable for animal fruitstand, the bowl, the cup, the small pyxis- husbandry. Excavations and trial trenches, so type vase with lid and suspension holes while far, indicate that the settlement extended over the Final Neolithic lids that came to light in the excavation of the Officer’s Club plot are 1 , Iliad VII, 467-475. 2 Papathanasopoulos 1996, 130-1; Lemnos Guide 1996, 3 Archontidou-Argyri 1994, 51; Lemnos Guide 1996, 29; 29; Acheilara 1996, 298-310; Archontidou-Argyri Avgerinou 1996, 130-1. 1986, 198, pl. 142a; Archontidou-Argyri 1987, 476- 4 Papathanasopoulos 1996, cat. no. 157-158; Dova 1997, 477, pl. 283ba; Archontidou-Argyri 1988, 465, 23; Avgerinou (in press b). drawing 14, pl. 281b, 282a; Archontidou-Argyri 1989, 5 Lamb 1936, 78, pl. XXX. 409; Archontidou-Argyri 1991, 396, drawing 5; 6 Hood 1981, Emporio X - VIII, 225-6, pl. 33c-d, 38 no Archontidou-Argyri 1996, 226, εικ. 2; Avgerinou (in 377, 40d no 395, Emporio VII - VI, 326-7, fig. 153-4, press a); Avgerinou, (in press b); Avgerinou 1996, 273- pl. 48-49. 281; Nikolopoulos 1987 (in press); Dova 1996, 282- 7 Bernabo-Brea 1964, 539, 543-4, pl. I d-g. 297; Dova 1997, 23 ff, 46ff, 69ff. 8 Sperling 1976, 325, no 222a, fig. 9, pl. 73. Myrina in Prehistoric Times 3 characteristic9. The absence of metal artifacts Characteristically, many of the movable finds during this period is characteristic and is found were discovered in situ in all building phases. at all the settlements mentioned above. Tripod cooking pots, bowls, jugs (Fig. 6), fruitstands occur in larger numbers. During the 3rd millenium B.C. Myrina continued to be an important centre. The city The abandonment of this area and the reached its greatest extent during the period contraction of the settlement to the site opposite corresponding to the Blue and Green Poliochni the headland of the Meteorological Station can periods. It spread inland along the coast and be observed during the immediately following occupied the low hill of Andronios. phase, which corresponds to the Poliochni Red Excavations at this point reached bedrock, and period. Trial researches in six plots13 brought to we can therefore safely draw conclusions. light two architectural phases, parallel with the Strong, monumental building structures with Green and early Red periods at Poliochni14 . large dimensions, elliptical and megaron-type Building remains in these periods were found in plans came to light, sealed by a thick undisturbed levels, clearly separated from each destruction level. In this building phase were other by a destruction level; they belong to found a small, circular, stone-built granary, also private residences separated by a partition wall, known from other Aegean sites10. The seal- an Early Bronze Age practice also known at stamp (Fig. 5) that was found over the one Poliochni, Thermi, Emporio and Early Helladic granary, may also have sealed it 11 . The settlements15 . The pottery of these phases has a movable finds date this level to the phase well-fired fabric containing mica and corresponding with the early Blue period at inclusions, especially in the case of the coarse- Poliochni. The shapes of the fine wares during ware vessels. The decoration is confined to this phase are askoi, jugs, tripod jugs and deep, parallel grooves forming angles on the fruitstand with a well-burnished black surface. well-burnished surface of the vases. Tripod cooking pots (Fig. 7), bowls, jugs and The evidence of recent excavations fruitstands occur in large numbers, making it suggests that during this period Myrina, like possible to establish the typological Poliochni, acquired a sturdy defensive development of the shapes at different periods. surrounding wall. Already in the early phases of the Bronze Age the danger of hostile raids was The absence of remains dating from later evidently real throughout the entire Aegean, periods of the Bronze age poses questions as to obliging the settlements (Poliochni, Myrina, the causes of the decline and the nature of the Troy, Emporio, Thermi and later Palamari on abandonment of the settlement. The transfer of Skyros) to fortify themselves with mighty the center of gravity from the west coast of walls12 . Lemnos to Poliochni, which was at its most flourishing period, and Koukonisi cannot be Building remains parallel with the late attributed with any certainty to historical events Blue and Green Poliochni periods were or climatological conditions, since excavated in the same site. The structures of investigations are not yet complete at the three these phases are inferior to those of the largest urban settlements on the island. preceding period in terms of the size of the buildings and the manner in which there were The rich movable finds yielded by the built, thus demonstrating that the previous excavations give some insight into the period was the most important in the life of the occupations and the everyday life of the settlement. The building remains reveal houses inhabitants of Myrina and furnishes information with courtyards, storage areas and hearths. on the people’s dietary habits and activities. The cultivation of cereals, pulses, olives and 9 Papathanasopoulos 1996, cat. no 157-158. 10 Acheilara 1996, 301; Dova, 1996, 290-291, note. 44, fig. 3. 13 The Saraglis, Salamousas, Karavias, Diamantidis, 11 Acheilara, 1996, 301; Acheilara & Dova (in press). Tsatsos and Sotiropoulos plots. 12 Archontidou-Argyri 1996, 224-225; Archontidou- 14 Nikolopoulos 1987 (in press); Avgerinou (in press b). Argyri 1997, 20, 43, 66. 15 Avgerinou (in press b). 4 Lilian ACHEILARA vines supplied the inhabitants with their staple questions regarding its extent, importance and crop, which was supplemented by figs, almonds sphere of influence amongst the other and other fruits. Indications of the occupations settlements on Lemnos, the reasons for its pursued by the inhabitants are furnished by the abandonment, the place where the people was carbonized grains, by the fruit and kernels of resettled, the site of the cemeteries, burial olives, by mortars, querns, adzes, millstones, customs, etc. and will broaden our knowledge blades and thick-wall storage jars (pithoi). The of the end of the Neolithic period and the Early copius bones of goats, sheep, pigs and cattle are Bronze Age at Myrina, on Lemnos and in the evidence that their diet was enriched by meat. north-east Aegean. In addition to the farming and stock-raising activities designed to secure their food-supply, fishing played a major role. Seashells (limpets, shell-fish, sea-urchins) and fish-bones indicate LILIAN ACHEILARA that their diet also included fish and molluscs, Archaeologist which were procured from the sea close to their XXth Ephorate of Antiquities dwellings. GREECE Activities of processing raw materials are also confirmed by the finds from the excavations. Amongst them are: bone-working, attested by the large number of bone tools (Fig. 8), suitable for working animal hides and for textile weaving and basketry; stone-working, attested by the stone tools suitable for farming tasks and useful for metallurgy and carpentry; metal-working, attested by bronze tools, daggers, weapons, pins, a stone mould for casting a bronze needle and stone hammer-axes for metal working activity in Myrina with raw materials imported from remote places16. Clay spindle whorls, bone and bronze pins bear witness of textile weaving and cloth preparation. The shapeless lumps of pure clay and the clay tools used to burnish the surface of the vases attest, quite independently of the large number of clay artifacts, to the local production of pottery. Involvement in trade and seafaring were basic sectors of the economy of the settlement. The excavations at prehistoric Myrina demonstrate the parallels between the site, Poliochni and the other settlements of the north- east Aegean culture. The similarities between the settlements in terms of the remains, the fortifications and the quality, shape and decoration of the pottery clearly demonstrate the direct relations between them. The continuation of excavations in the prehistoric city will furnish the answers to the many

16 Doumas 1997, 37. Myrina in Prehistoric Times 5

Bibliography: Acheilara, L. 1996, “Μύρινα: οι «μνημειακές» εγκαταστάσεις του οικοπέδου Ευτ. Καζώλη”, Paper presented at the International Conference Η Πολιόχνη και το Βόρειο Αιγαίο κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού, Athens, 22-25 April. Acheilara, L. & A. Dova (in press), “Myrina Lemnos”, Corpus der minoischen und mykenischen Siegel. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1986, “Χρονικά Κ’ Εφορείας Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων”, Arch. Deltion 41, Chronica, 196-212. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1987, “Χρονικά Κ’ Εφορείας Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων”, Arch. Deltion 42, Chronica, 474-489. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1988, “Χρονικά Κ’ Εφορείας Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων”, Arch. Deltion 43, Chronica, 451-469. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1989, “Χρονικά Κ’ Εφορείας Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων”, Arch. Deltion 44, Chronica, 397-412. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1991, “Χρονικά Κ’ Εφορείας Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων”, Arch. Deltion 46, Chronica, 360-374. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1994, Η Μύρινα υπό το φως των ανασκαφών, Αρχαιολογία 50, 50-55. Archontidou - Argyri, A. 1997, “Λήμνος: έρευνα και προβληματισμός”, in Doumas C. & V. La Rosa (eds.) Η Πολιόχνη και το Βόρειο Αιγαίο κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού, Athens, 22-25 April 1996, Athens,223-229. Avgerinou, P. (in press a), “Πρώτα αποτελέσματα δοκιμαστικής ανασκαφικής έρευνας στη Μύρινα Λήμνου”, paper in the proceedings of the conference Αρχαιολογία και Ερ. Σλήμαν, 100 έτη από το θάνατό του, Αthens, 1990. Avgerinou, P. (in press b), “A Settlement of Early Bronze Age in Myrina – Lemnos”. Paper presented at the symposium Religion and Culture of South Eastern Europe in Antiquity, Sofia 1993. Avgerinou, P. 1996, “The Northeastern Aegean Islands”, in: Papathanassopoulous, G.A. (ed.) 1996, 130-131. Avgerinou, P. 1997, “Ο οικισμός της Μύρινας: πρώτες εκτιμήσεις”, in Doumas C. & V. La Rosa (eds.) Η Πολιόχνη και το Βόρειο Αιγαίο κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού, Athens, 22-25 April 1996, Athens, 273-281. Bernabo-Brea 1964, Poliochni. Citta Prehistorica nell’ isola di Lemnos, I, Roma. Dova, A. 1997, “Μύρινα: τα νέα στοιχεία από την ανασκαφή στο οικόπεδο του Μετεωρολογικού Σταθμού”, in Doumas C. & V. La Rosa (eds.), Η Πολιόχνη και το Βόρειο Αιγαίο κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού, Athens, 22-25 April 1996, Athens, 282-297. Dova, A. 1997, Η Λήμνος κατά τους προϊστορικούς χρόνους, Πολιόχνη, «Λήμνω εν αμιχθαλοέσση», ένα κέντρο της πρώιμης εποχής του Χαλκού στο Βόρειο Αιγαίο, Athens. Doumas, Chr. 1997, Τα νησιά του βορειοδυτικού Αιγαίου και η συμβολή τους στον πολιτισμό, Πολιόχνη, «Λήμνω εν αμιχθαλοέσση», ένα κέντρο της πρώιμης εποχής του Χαλκού στο Βόρειο Αιγαίο, Athens. Hood, S. 1981, Excavations in Chios, 1938-1955, Prehistoric Emporio and Agio Gala, Oxford. Lamb, W. 1936, Excavations at Thermi in Lesbos, Cambridge. Lemnos, Archaeological Museum, Guide, Athens, 1996. Nikolopoulos, V. (in press), “Δοκιμαστική ανασκαφική έρευνα στον προϊστορικό οικισμό Μύρινας Λήμνου.” Paper presented at the Symposium held at the Canadian Archaeological Institute Aρχαιολογικές έρευνες στα νησιά του Αιγαίου, Athens 20-22 February 1987. Papathanasopoulos, G. A. 1996, Νεολιθικός πολιτισμός στην Ελλάδα, Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης - N. P. Goulandris Foundation, Athens. Sperling, J. W. 1976, “Kum Tepe in the Troad, Trial Excavation, 1934”, Hesperia 45, 305-364.

List of Illustrations: Fig. 1: Map of the central and north Aegean showing the Early Bronze Age sites mentioned in the text. Fig. 2: Myrina Bay. Fig. 3: Plan of Myrina with the location of the prehistoric site. Fig. 4: Remains of the ruins in the Lemnos Officer’s Club plot. Fig. 5: Stamp seal. Kazolis plot. Fig. 6: Jug. Kazolis plot. Fig. 7: Tripod cooking pot. Salamousa plot. Fig. 8: Tools made from animal bones. Lemnos Officer’s Club plot. 6 Lilian ACHEILARA

Myrina in Prehistoric Times 7

8 Lilian ACHEILARA