IN CUSTODY: People Imprisoned for Counterrevolutionary and State Security Crimes

IN CUSTODY: People imprisoned for counterrevolutionary and state security crimes

Following are two lists of political prison- Democracy Party had been given long geted at various times. The prisoners have ers. The first group includes prisoners prison sentences on subversion charges been roughly grouped according to the currently incarcerated for counterrevolu- since 1998. activity for which they were imprisoned tionary crimes, which were eliminated Similarly, it should be noted that the (with some inevitable overlap), and by date from China's criminal code in 1997. The second list of state security detainees of arrest within those categories. second list includes persons imprisoned does not contain many prisoners from These lists may provide useful details for crimes against state security, which Tibet. This is not because of a lack of for appeals to Chinese officials to release replaced counterrevolutionary crimes arrest of Tibetans for political reasons, certain prisoners or to refrain from arrest- in 1997. but because details of arrests and trials ing more. It should be noted that many of Neither list is exhaustive. For example, are not available. The Tibetan Centre for the prisoners on this list are suffering in 2000 Chinese officials stated that Human Rights and Democracy reported from serious health problems and abusive around 1,300 persons remained in prison 40 new detainees in the year 2002. It can prison conditions, quite apart from the for counterrevolutionary crimes. The U.S. be safely assumed that a significant routine debilitating effects of lengthy State Department, in its 2002 human number of these arrests were on allega- incarceration. rights report on China, quote "credible tions of state security crimes such as Abbreviations: CCP - Chinese sources" as estimating that as many as separatist activities. Communist Party; CDP - China Democracy 2,000 people are still in prison for their Although the lack of detailed official Party; CFDP - China Freedom and participation in the 1989 democracy move- information makes a comprehensive com- Democracy Party; FLUC - Free Labor Union ment. As for post-1997 state security pilation impossible, these lists do give of China; PSB - Public Security Bureau; RTL crimes, the State Department reported some indication of the kinds of political - Reeducation Through Labor; WAF - that at least 38 leaders of the China activities that Chinese authorities have tar- Workers Autonomous Federation

Prisoners currently in prison for counterrevolutionary crimes

NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

1989 DEMOCRACY MOVEMENT

Yu Hunan May 23, 1989 b. 1963. Yu, along with Yu Zhijian Aug 11, 1989, counterrevolutionary Hunan # 1 Dongyue and Lu Decheng, was arrested for 20 years sabotage and incite- Prison throwing paint at the portrait of Mao ment hanging over Tiananmen Square. Yu Zhijian and Lu Decheng have completed their prison terms and been released. Yu's term was subsequently reduced by 2 years.

Chang Unknown June 4, 1989 b. 1964. A worker, Chang is alleged Life counterrevolutionary Beijing # 2 Jingqiang to have assaulted a police officer at injury and sabotage Prison Tiananmen Square. Li Zhixin Liu Chunan Jiao Zhijin Suoran Zhao Duan Quan Changping Xiong Deshun Miao Y Chang NAME ongjie Unknown Unknown CITY Beijing Hunan Liaoning Unknown Sichuan Sichuan ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF June 1989 1989 December June 13,1989 June 4,1989 May 5,1989 May 5,1989 June 4,1989 June 1,1989 party withZhengJinli. party anopposition as offorming other Chinesecities,aswell r helping distributecounter- Liaoning, andaccusedof inDalian, arrested A salesman,Jiaowas arrest. A worker, aged30attimeof See XiongChangping r Chongqing Universityto speechesat ered Duan Quan,aftertheydeliv- teenage femalecompanion, withhis Xiong wasarrested A 21-year-oldbusinessman, life inprison. death, latercommutedto Originally sentencedto muted tolifeinprison. tenced todeath,latercom- b. 1958.Originallysen- REASON racy movement. in1989democ- Participant spy organization." the chaostoaTaiwanese about radioed information upchaosand "stirred Liuallegedly racy protests During the1989pro-democ- evolutionary materialsto evolutionary ouse thestudents. 15 years May 7,1989, Life Life SENTENCE life 15 years Mar 1990, 15 years 1989, Life 15 years May 7,1989, incitement and propaganda counterrevolutionary arson counterrevolutionary ment androbbery ganda andincite- r sabotage, counter- counterrevolutionary OFFENSE sabotage andarson counterrevolutionary espionage counterrevolutionary r acounter- organizing sabotage counterrevolutionary incitement and propaganda counterrevolutionary evolutionary propa- evolutionary evolutionary group evolutionary Prison Beijing #2 Prison Beijing #2 PRISON Prison Beijing #2 Longxi Prison Prison Beijing #2

REGULAR FEATURES 89 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

Song Kai Beijing June 17, 1989 Participant in 1989 democracy life counterrevolutionary Beijing # 2 movement. injury Prison

Wang Beijing June 4, 1989 Participant in 1989 democracy Dec 1989, life counterrevolutionary Beijing # 2 Jiaxiang movement. Wang, a worker, sabotage Prison was initially sentenced to death with a 2-year reprieve, but the sentence was commuted to life in 1993

Wu Chunqi Beijing June 1989 Participant in 1989 democracy life counterrevolutionary Beijing # 2 movement. sabotage and arson Prison

Zhu Beijing June 4, 1989 Participant in 1989 democracy life counterrevolutionary Beijing # 2 Gengsheng movement. Zhu was initially sabotage, arson and Prison sentenced to death, but the propaganda sentence was commuted to life.

Sun Fujian September A civil servant. Participant in Dec 21, 1989, counterrevolutionary Xiongying 1989 1989 democracy movement. 18 years activities

Chen Jiahu Guizhou August 1989, During the 1989 pro-democra- 15 years counterrevolutionary Zhun Yi formally arrest- cy protests, Chen was arrest- subversion Prison ed September ed with 12 others for allegedly 1989 forming a China Savior Party.

Li Xingfu Guizhou August 1989 See Chen Jiahu. Li was Jul 1990, 15 organizing a counter- Zhun Yi detained with Chen Jiahu and years revolutionary group Prison accused of possessing counterrevolutionary materials.

Li Xinghua Guizhou June 1989, Li, a farmer, was accused of Sep 1990, life counterrevolutionary Guiyang formally arrest- organizing the People's rebellion and gather- Prison ed September Solidarity Party in the winter of ing people to make 1990 1988, and of planning military weapons activities after the June 1989 crackdown. Qiang Liang T Y Jiang Wu Y Li Yujun (Li Liu Gang Lu Xin NAME ang Yong aqun ujin)

Jianwei Beijing Shaanxi Unknown Hunan Beijing Shaanxi Hunan CITY ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF 1989 June 11, 1989 ed July12, mally arrest- 1989, for- April 22, June 4,1989 June 1989 June 1,1989 June 1989 life. to death,butlatercommuted movement. Originallysentenced in1989democracy Participant movement. in1989democracy Participant movement. in1989democracy Participant es. or otherviolentcriminaloffens- withhooliganism charged were oftheothers 22, 1989.Three lent clashesinXi'anonApril21- tenced forinvolvementinvio- Liu wasoneoffivepeoplesen- June 1989. inShaoyang ing protests acardur- matches usedtoburn A student,Luallegedlysupplied REASON the 1989protests. Autonomous Federationduring W forBeijing articles "reactionary" Beijing WAF. forwriting Arrested Company andmemberof atBeijingLightVehicleCadre inriotsXi'an. participated A manuallaborer, Tang allegedly AF andBeijingStudents life life Aug 1,1989, years Sep 1989,15 SENTENCE years Jan 1990,15 life Sep 23,1989, life 14 years sabotage counterrevolutionary riots counterrevolutionary in participating sabotage counterrevolutionary OFFENSE incitement and propaganda counterrevolutionary incitement and propaganda counterrevolutionary r sabotage, counter- counterrevolutionary incitement and propaganda counterrevolutionary evolutionary arson evolutionary 2 Prison Beijing No. PRISON May 2004 for release Prison. Due Beijing #2 2 Prison Beijing No. 2 Prison Beijing No.

REGULAR FEATURES 91 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

ETHNIC MINORITIES

Namat Xinjiang During demonstrations in Moyu Apr 1991, 15 counterrevolutionary Abdumat and Yutian in April 1990 years propaganda and (Namadi Namat, along with two others, incitement Abudoumadi) put up posters criticizing the Party and its family planning policies. Namat was also accused of setting fire to a family planning office. The two others, Abul Emil and Balat Niyaz Mohammet Tohti, received three year sentences.

Ngawang Tibet Mar 10, 1989 A caretaker monk at the Potala Dec 6, 1989, counterrevolutionary Chamtsul Palace, Ngawang was addition- 15 years propaganda and (Loyak) ally charged with "collecting incitement intelligence for the enemy abroad" and "jeopardizing national unity."

Ngawang Tibet April 16, A monk at Drepung Monastery, Nov 30, 1989, organizing a counter- Drapchi Phulchung 1989 and allegedly a leader of 19 years revolutionary group Prison protests by monks supporting Tibetan independence. One of eleven Tibetans tried at a mass public meeting.

Ngawang Tibet April 16, See Ngawang Phulchung Nov 30, 1989, Drapchi Oezer 1989 17 years Prison (Jamyang)

Jampel Tibet April 16, See Ngawang Phulchung Nov 30, 1989, espionage Khedrup 1989 18 years (Kelsang Thutop)

Jampel Tibet April 1989, See Ngawang Phulchung Nov 30, 1989, participating in a Drapchi Changchup formally 19 years counterrevolutionary Prison (Yugyal) arrested organization, coun- March 16, terrevolutionary 1989 propaganda, espionage

Ngawang Tibet April 16, See Ngawang Phulchung Nov 30, 1989, espionage Drapchi Gyaltsen 1989 17 years Prison (Ngoegyan) T Jampa T (Pema Jinpa Lobsang Palden Lobsang Dorjee) (Chemi Jigme Dorje Y Thubten Dorje Lhundrup Lodroe Kunchok Dorje Sonam NAME ashi sering) eshe T T T T T T T T CITY ibet ibet ibet ibet ibet ibet ibet ibet Mar 29,1994 Mar 29,1994 Mar 29,1994 Mar 29,1994 July 1992 June 30,1992 Jun 30,1992 Jun 30,1992 ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF see JigmeDorje see JigmeDorje see JigmeDorje ence slogans. and postingpro-independ- ment building'snameplate allegedly smashingagovern- and LobsangTendar, after Pema Tsering, JampaTashi monks, LobsangPalden, withfourother Charged Rinchen. SeeSonamDorje. Step-father ofSonam See SonamDorje See SonamDorje in prison. died inApril2000whilestill SonamRinchen, farmers, ence slogans.Oneofthe and shoutingpro-independ- meeting political reeducation a fordisrupting arrested were Gongkarwho Medro ers from Sonam wasoneoffourfarm- REASON 15 years Oct 20,1992, 13 years Oct 20,1992, 13 years Oct 20,1992, SENTENCE 12 years Jul 26,1994, 15 years Jul 26,1994, 12 years Jul 26,1994, 15 years Jul 26,1994, years 1992, 15 propaganda propaganda counterrevolutionary separatism and propaganda counterrevolutionary separatism and propaganda counterrevolutionary separatism and OFFENSE ment ganda andincite- r sabotage, counter- counterrevolutionary ment ganda andincite- r sabotage, counter- counterrevolutionary ment ganda andincite- r sabotage, counter- counterrevolutionary ment ganda andincite- r sabotage, counter- counterrevolutionary crimes counterrevolutionary evolutionary propa- evolutionary propa- evolutionary propa- evolutionary propa- evolutionary Prison Drapchi Prison Drapchi Prison Drapchi PRISON Prison Powo Tramo Prison Drapchi Prison Powo Tramo Prison Drapchi

REGULAR FEATURES 93 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

Lobsang Tibet Mar 29, 1994 see Jigme Dorje Jul 26, 1994, counterrevolutionary Drapchi Tendar 15 years sabotage, counter- Prison (Lobsang revolutionary propa- Tsegyal) ganda and incitement

Rinzin Tibet Aug 1, 1995 b. 1947. Previously imprisoned during Dec 13, 1996, Tramo Wangyal the Cultural Revolution for allegedly 16 years Prison (Rinwang) organizing an underground movement. One of a group of people apprehended in Lhasa on allegations of intending to disrupt a ceremony marking the 30th anniversary of the Tibetan Autonomous Region. Reports that sentence has been increased to life.

OTHER

Xian Yujun Sichuan Originally a student at the Xibei 1990, participating in a Technical Institute, Xian was ex-pelled 15 years counterrevolutionary after taking part in the 1989 democracy organization movement. In 1990 Xian and his friends established a company, but it was investigated by police, and Xian and more than 30 others were arrested. More than 10 were eventually convicted of counterrevolutionary crimes.

Qin Bin Gansu Qin fled to Taiwan 1990 and was de- 1990, counterrevolutionary tained after being sent back to China. 20 years activities

Chen Beijing Sep 13, 1990 b. 1964. Chen, a former university stu- Mar 5, 1991, organizing a counter- Beijing #2 Yanbin dent, was arrested with Zhang Yafei 15 years revolutionary group Prison while operating Tieliu, an underground publication about the 1989 crackdown at Tiananmen Square. Chen was also accused of organizing and leading the Chinese Revolutionary Democratic Front. Zhang has completed his prison term and been released.

Zheng Shandong Zheng was leader of the Jesus Family, 1992, counterrevolutionary released? Yunsu an unorthodox Christian sect. Sentence 12 years crimes subsequently reduced by 1-1/2 years. Zheng's sons, Zheng Jiping and Zheng Jikuo, were also arrested and sentenced to nine years in prison.

Kang Beijing May 29, 1992, b. 1964, formerly a doctor. Helped Dec 16, 1994, organizing and lead- Beijing #2 Yuchun formally found the Chinese Progressive Alliance, 17 years ing a counterrevolu- Prison arrested the CFDP and FLUC. Also launched tionary group, dis- Sep 27, 1992 Freedom Forum, the magazine of the seminating counter- Chinese Progressive Alliance. Tried with revolutionary propa- 16 other persons, including Liu ganda Jingsheng. Shuyou Xiao Chen Xi Meng Chen Shishen) (Wu Wu Guoqi W Jingsheng Liu NAME Shigen Hu ang

Shisen Henan Guizhou Guangdong Beijing Beijing Beijing Jiangxi CITY Aug 16,1995 arrested formally May 27,1995, May 25,1995 arrested formally Mar 14,1995, Oct 26,1992 Sep 27,1992 arrested formally Jun 24,1992, Sep 27,1992 arrested formally May 28,1992, Sep 27,1992 arrested formally May 27,1992, ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF REASON been released. associates, allofwhomhavesince ers. Tried and sentencedwithseveral ofpoliticalprison- rights, andrelease forhuman respect cratic reform, Central Committeecallingfordemo- initiated anopenlettertotheCCP racy movement.InMay1995Chen in1989democ- forparticipation term a3-year University. served Previously atGuizhouJinzhu b. 1954,alecturer 1995. lished inJanuary itwaspub- to overseasmedia,where toChinaandsent it entry listed from black- ment detailing"reactionaries" docu- anofficial Chen cameacross in the1989democracymovement. b. 1961.Amusicianandparticipant toaHongKongreporter. Congress Zemin's speechtothe14thParty leaderJiang an advancecopyofParty withleaking ment, Wu wascharged depart- Fudan University'sjournalism News Agencyandagraduateof b. 1960.AneditorattheXinhua Shigen establishedtheCFDP. 1991withHu b. 1962.InJanuary FLUC. SeeKangYuchun. and othersestablishedtheCFDP In 1991withHuShigen,HuangGuoqi Tansuo. journal of thepro-democracy writerandco-editor b. 1950.Former Institute. SeeKangYuchun b. 1954.Teacher atBeijingLanguage prison terms of2to8years. prison terms ers, namesunknown,whoreceived da, andwassentencedwithfouroth- ing badgesanddistributingpropagan- A farmer, Xiaowasaccusedofprint- 11 years Dec 16,1994, 15 years Jul 4,1994, 20 years Dec 16,1994, SENTENCE 8 years 1996, 10 years May 27,1996, 12 years Apr 15,1997, life April 1993, r leading acounter- and organizing r acounter- organizing propaganda tionary ing counterrevolu- disseminat- group, r leading acounter- and organizing OFFENSE and incitement propaganda ary counterrevolution- r leading acounter- and organizing secrets r overseas secrets leaking state evolutionary group evolutionary group evolutionary evolutionary evolutionary group evolutionary evealing state #2 Prison Beijing #2 Prison Beijing #2 Prison Beijing PRISON #1 Prison Guizhou n Prison Donggua #2 Prison Beijing

REGULAR FEATURES 95 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

Han b. c. 1943. A chicken farmer, Han was Nov 11, 1996, counterrevolu- Chunsheng arrested for writing letters to Voice of 8 years tionary crimes America.

Li Hai Beijing May 31, b. 1954. As a graduate student in philos- Dec 18, 1996, leaking state Beijing 1995, for- ophy at Peking University, Li took part in 9 years secrets Liangxiang mally arrest- the 1989 protests, and spent 6 months Prison ed in detention in 1990 for commemorating September the crackdown. In 1995 Li was arrested 19, 1995 for compiling a list of persons from Beijing imprisoned for participating in the 1989 democracy movement.

People currently in prison for crimes replacing counterrevolutionary crimes after 1997

NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST MEMBERS OF CHINA DEMOCRACY PARTY

Wang Zhejiang November 2, b. 1966. Member of CDP. Previously December 21, incitement to Zhejiang Youcai 1998, for- imprisoned for 3 years for participation in 1998, 11 subvert state #1 Prison mally arrest- 1989 democracy movement. See Zhu years power ed November Zhengming. 30, 1998

Qin Hubei November b. 1953. A steel worker in Wuhan. Dec 21, 1998, incitement to RTL Camp Yongmin 30, 1998 Member of CDP and editor of newsletter 12 years subvert state in Wuhan China Human Rights Watch. Previously power served time for drafting a Peace Charter and for Democracy Wall activities.

Yue Gansu January 11, b. 1955. Laid off from Tianshui City July 5, 1999, incitement to Tianshui Tianxiang 1999 Transport Company. In Sept. 1998 began 10 years subvert state No. 2 participating in CDP's Gansu branch. power Prison Arrested in January 1999 after establish- ing journal Chinese Workers' Monitor with Guo Xinmin and Wang Fengshan, and petitioning Jiang Zemin. Guo and Wang were sentenced to 2 years in prison and have been released.

Xiao Wuhan February b. 1954. Employed at a Wuhan steel mill. July 7, 2000, incitement to Shichang 1999 Participated in Democracy Wall move- 5 -1/2 years subvert state ment and later became core member of power CDP. See Chan Zhonghe.

Zhu Yufu Zhejiang May 1999, Previously detained for 2 months for par- Nov 9, 1999, incitement to Zhejiang formally ticipation in 1989 democracy movement. 7 years subvert state #1 Prison arrested Member of Jiangsu branch of CDP. power June 21, Arrested with Mao Qingxiang, Xu Guang 1999 and Wu Yilong while planning activities for 10th anniversary of June 4th. T Pi Daming Y W W W Qingxiang Mao Wu Xu Guang NAME ong Shidong ang Jiahua ang Zechen ang enjiang

Yilong Zhejiang Zhejiang CITY Hunan Chongqing Chongqing Liaoning Liaoning Zhejiang 16, 1999 July arrested 1999, formally June 10, June 4,1999 June 4,1999 June 1999 June 1999 June 19,1999 April 26,1999 June 25,1999 ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF for 10th anniversary ofJune4th. for 10thanniversary activities whileorganizing Arrested group. pro-democracy corruption, and 19othersestablishedananti- b. 1947.In1998withPiDaming 1976. SeeWang Wenjiang above. ed whentheGangwastoppledin Four, andrehabilitat- butreleased 1975 foropposingtheGangof b. 1944.Sentencedtodeathin chapter inLiaoning. Zechen plannedtoestablisha CDP, Wang Wenjiang andWang b. 1949.Keymembersofthe b. 1949.SeeZhuYufu See ZhuYufu See ZhuYufu REASON tee atHunanUniversity. commit- lished aCDPpreparatory b. 1934.Aphysicist,Tong estab- See Yang Jiahua years Dec 6,2000,4 years Nov 9,1999,12 years Nov 9,1999,8 years Nov 9,1999,5 SENTENCE years Jan 3,2000,10 nite term July 2001,indefi- years July 2001,15 years Dec 6,2000,4 power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to OFFENSE power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to #1 Prison Zhejiang #1 Prison Zhejiang #1 Prison Zhejiang PRISON Prison Hunan #1 Prison Chongqing

REGULAR FEATURES 97 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

Liao Hunan Jun 10, 1999, b. 1949. Originally a worker at the Changsha Dec 22, 1999, incitement to Shihua formally Automotive Factory. Member of CDP. Helped 6 years subvert state arrested Tong Shidong edit a non-official publication at power Jul 7, 1999 Hunan University in Changsha. Arrested while leading a worker protest in Changsha.

Gao Beijing Jun 29, 1999, b. 1950. With He Depu and Wang Zhixin Gao Aug 2, 1999, incitement to Beijing Hongming formally attempted to run for election as an NPC dele- 8 years subvert state #2 Prison arrested gate in 1998. In April 1999 with Xu Yonghai and power Jul 1, 1999 Zha Jianguo established the China Free Workers Union. Arrested while preparing a June 4 commemoration.

Zha Beijing Jun 29, 1999 Beijing CDP representative. Arrested with Gao Aug 2, 1999, incitement to Jianguo Hongming for involvement in China Free Workers 9 years subvert state Union and June 4 commemoration. power

Liu Sichuan Jul 7, 1999, b. 1968. Imprisoned for 2-1/2 years for partici- Aug 6, 1999, incitement to Sichuan Xianbin formally pation in the 1989 democracy movement. After 13 years subvert state #3 Prison arrested his release arrested several times for political power Jul 14, 1999 activities. Finally convicted in relation to his involvement in the Sichuan chapter of the CDP.

An Jun Henan Jul 16, 1999, b. 1955. A CDP member and former cadre of Apr 19, 2000, incitement to Henan formally Linyang City Supply & Marketing cooperative, An 4 years subvert state #1 Prison arrested Jun established an anti-corruption organization power Kaifeng Aug 17, 1999 and posted many articles on the Internet criticizing Jiang Zemin and China's human rights.

Chen Hubei Sep 1, 1999 b. 1948. A worker in a Wuhan steel mill and Jul 7, 2000, incitement to Zhonghe core CDP member, Chen was arrested for 7 years subvert state attempting with Xiao Shichang and Zhang power Hanjian to organize a human rights conference in Wuhan in March 1999.

Liu Liaoning Sep 17, 1999 b. 1962. A CDP member, Liu helped Xu Wenli Feb 16, 2000, incitement to Jinzhou Shizun establish branches in Tianjin, Beijing and 6 years subvert state Prison Dalian. power He Depu Jinbo W Mingjun Hu W Haofeng Liu W She Zhengming Zhu NAME ang ang Sen anbao Beijing Shandong Sichuan Sichuan Shanghai Sichuan Zhejiang CITY May 29,2001 Apr 30,2001 2001 March Jul 10,2000 arrested formally July 7,2000, Dec 18,1999 ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF Jan 30,2003 arrested formally Nov 4,2002, May 24,2001 arrested formally May 9,2001, REASON b. 1972.SeeWang Sen,above. r December 2000.Zhenghassincebeen in andSteelFactory ers oftheDazhouIron Y withHuMingjunandZheng Arrested b. 1966.CDPmemberbasedinChengdu. Front. Second theCDPJoint Headquarters, form CDP Web site.Alsoaccusedofattemptingto China'speasantsonthe essays regarding r and journalist b. 1975.Afree-lance in1989democracymovement. participation the CDP. imprisoned4yearsfor Previously memberof andcore b. 1958.Abankofficial r with Wang Youcai inJune1998.Detained Committeealong Zhejiang CDPPreparatory b. 1962.Achemicalengineerandmemberof Congress callingforpoliticalreform. Congress toopenletter16thParty ber. Signatory in DemocracyWall movementandCDP mem- socialworker.b. 1956.Aformer Participant postings. the PSBinInternet democracy movement.Accusedofslandering in1989 b. 1972,CDPmember. Participated eleased. forthe CDP,esearcher Liupublishedseveral convictioninApril2000. epeatedly before ongliang after organizing protests bywork- protests ongliang afterorganizing years RTL 2001, 3 May 16, 12 years Aug 5,2000, years 2000, 10 Apr 29, SENTENCE awaiting trial years 2001, 4 Dec 13, 11 years 5/30/2002, 10 years 5/30/2002, state security endangering power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to OFFENSE power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to Center Detention City PSB Guangyuan Sichuan #1 Prison Zhejiang PRISON Center Detention PSB #2 Beijing # 1Prison Shangdong W same as Probably Not stated. Center Detention Bureau Security Public Municipal Dazhou ang Sen.

REGULAR FEATURES 99 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

Dai Shanghai mid- b. 1955. Participant in Democracy Wall move- Jan 2, 2003, endangering Xuezhong November, ment, CDP member. Detained many times and 3 years RTL state security 2002, family released from RTL only a short time before his notified most recent arrest. Signatory to open letter to December 3, 16th Party Congress calling for political 2002 reform.

Han Lifa Shanghai Dec 26, 2002 b. 1968. Politically active since 1989 and awaiting trial detained several times. Most recently released from RTL in July 2001. CDP member and a signatory to open letter to 16th Party Congress calling for political reform.

INTERNET, JOURNALIST

Qi Hebei September b. 1963. A bank executive, Qi established the Sep 19, incitement to Hebei Yanchen 2, 1999 China Legal Alliance with Peng Ming and oth- 2000, 4 subvert state Province ers in early 1998. He published a magazine, years power #4 Prison Observer, and wrote many articles economic and political reform. Arrested after chapters from his book, The Fall of China, were published on the Internet and in Hong Kong's Kaifang magazine.

Huang Qi Sichuan July 12, b. 1964. Huang established the 6-4tian- May 9, 2003, incitement to Chengdu 2000 wang.com web site, which posted information 5 years subvert state PSB #2 on persons missing after the June 4 crack- power, sepa- Detention down. Huang's trial went into recess on Feb ratism Center 13, 2001, when he fainted in court. Trial resumed Aug 14, 2001, but Huang was not sentenced until nearly two years later.

Zhang Jilin July 29, b. 1972. Creator of only China-based Web site ? incitement to Haitao 2000, for- on the Falungong. subvert state mally arrest- power ed October 11, 2000

Guo Hebei September b. 1965. Friend of dissident Qi Yanchen and a Apr 26, incitement to Qinghai 5, 2000 freelance writer. Published essays on the 2001, 4 subvert state Internet regarding Qi's case. years power

Jiang Liaoning December 4, b. 1955. Dalian journalist who reported in Sept 5, Revealing Dalian Weiping 2000, for- Hong Kong publications in 1998 about a cor- 2001, 8 state Detention mally arrest- ruption case involving the mayor of Dalian. years secrets, Center ed January Sentence subsequently reduced to 6 years. incitement to 3, 2001 subvert state power Shanguang Zhang LABOR Liu Di Jiang Lijun Li Yibin Haidong Tao Li Dawei Lü Xinhua NAME Gansu W CITY Hunan Beijing Liaoning Beijing Xinjiang uhan 15, 2002 December ly arrested 2002, formal- November 7, 14, 2002 December ly arrested 2002, formal- November 6, 2002 November July 9,2002 2002 April 22, ly arrested 2002, formal- April 14, 20, 2001 April arrest 2001, formal Mar 11, ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF July 21,1998 "Stainless SteelMouse." underthepenname ions ontheInternet b. 1980.Universitystudent.Postedopin- Congress. ofopenletterto16thParty Yi. Signatory activistsLiuDi,LiYibin andOuyang Internet Believed tobeacloseconfederateof "Democracy&Freedom." online journal, b. 1974.Computerengineer. Publisherof officials. Accused ofslanderingParty discussion groups. ticipant inInternet Imaginings ofaNewHumanRace,andpar- political activities.Editorofabook, 3yearsRTLfor served b. 1957.Previously W ed afterdownloadingJune4materialsfrom became apoliticaldissidentandwasarrest- Li policemaninTianshui, b. 1962.Aformer villageofficials. aboutcorrupt the Internet on Raised inavillage,Lüpostedarticles REASON view on worker protests. view onworkerprotests. Asiainter- afterRadioFree Rights. Arrested Workers'lished theAssociationtoProtect workersandestab- oflaid-off hundreds He organized butwassoonlaidoff. tory, crimesin1996,Zhangworkedafac- ary ing 7-yearsentenceforcounter-revolution- b. 1954.Originallyateacher. Aftercomplet- eb sitesontohiscomputer. years Feb 2003,7 11 years July 24,2002, 2001, 4years Dec 30, SENTENCE years 1998, 10 Dec 27, awaiting trial awaiting trial awaiting trial power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to OFFENSE secrets leaking state state security endangering power state subvert incitement to power state subvert incitement to Center Detention Dadaowan Urumqi Center Detention W PRISON City Y Prison, Hunan #1 Center Detention PSB Beijing Prison Qincheng Beijing Center Detention Beijing uanjiang uhan #2

REGULAR FEATURES 101 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

He Hunan Aug 1998, b. 1961. Originally a worker at the Chenzhou Aug 24, leaking state Hunan Zhaohui formally Railway. Imprisoned for 2 years in 1989 for 1999, 10 secrets Province arrested his participation in the democracy move- years Chenzhou Oct 4, 1998 ment. In 1997 and early 1998 he organized Prison several worker protests and provided information to overseas media.

Feng Neijiang City, Dec 16, b. 1941. A former journalist, Feng was Nov 1, 2001, incitement to Gong Daxun Sichuan 1999 arrested after speaking with protesting 3 years subvert state County machine tool workers in December 1999. power Coal Mine.

Xu Jian Inner Dec 31, b. 1961. A lawyer and former factory worker July 18, incitement to Chifeng Mongolia 1999 in Baotou City who represented laid-off work- 2000, 4 years subvert state #2 Prison, ers in their fight to receive back pay. power Inner Mongolia

Li Hunan May 6, 2001 b. 1950. Sentenced to 13 years in prison Sep 20, incitement to Hunan Wangyang after organized protests and established 2001, 10 subvert state #1 Prison Shaoyang WAF in 1989. Following early years power release in June 2000, Li was arrested again after hunger strike to demand medical treat- ment for ailments caused by imprisonment. Li's sister, Li Wanglin, was sentenced to three years' RTL for aiding his protest.

Yao Fuxin Liaoning Mar 17, b. 1950. Husband of a former employee of May 9, 2003, subversion Liaoyang 2002 bankrupt Liaoyang Ferro-Alloy Factory, Yao 7 years Detention led protests by thousands of workers in Center March 2002. Yao and another protest leader, Xiao Yunliang, were tried Jan. 15, 2003, but the sentences were not handed down until nearly 5 months later.

Xiao Liaoning Mar 20, see Yao Fuxin May 9, 2003, incitement to Liaoyang Yunliang 2002 4 years subvert state Detention power Center

Di Tiangui Shanxi Jun 1, 2002 b. 1945. Retired worker at Taiyuan City July 5, 2002, incitement to Taiyuan Dazhong Machinery Factory, member of CCP sent to admin- subvert state City and long-time advocate of worker rights. istrative power Detention Arrested after calling for national federation detention Center representing China's 30 million retired state workers. Rinpoche Delek T Gu Linna Kudeer) (Rudiyah Kadeer Rebiya Qisheng Jiang Zengxiang Chen Hua Di OTHER NAME enzin Sichuan Xinjiang Beijing Shandong Beijing CITY April 2001 25, 1999 November 2, 1999 September 1999 ed June26, mally arrest- 1999, for- May 18, July 2,1998 mal arrest 1998, for- May 23, Jan 1,1998 ARREST DETENTION/ DATE OF REASON on Oct.28,1999. behalfinBeijing onthegroup's conference inapress Guangzhou afterparticipating in Falungong, andwasarrested lost herjobaftershebecameamemberof andwriter,b. 1961.Aradiojournalist Gu staff. Congressional to meetingwithvisitingU.S. ontheway Xinjiang newspapers.Arrested 1996, andshesenthimclippingsfrom Uighur nationalist,fledtotheU.S.in tive toXinjiangNPC.Herhusband,a b. 1946.Businesswomanandrepresenta- June 4memorialactivities. fororganized political activities.Arrested Jiangcontinued months. Afterhisrelease was imprisonedforoneyearandfive ed inthe1989democracymovementand b. 1948.Asagraduatestudentparticipat- Shandong politicalprisoners. forleakingalistof Arrested Party. joined theChinaDemocracyandJustice democracy movementin1979.Eventually inthe Qingdao, Chenbeganparticipating b. 1954.Aworkeratapapermillin family funeral. 1998fora toChinainJanuary he returned University. when Stanford Hewasarrested with crackdown andbecameaffiliated political asylumintheU.S.after1989 Huaobtained b. 1937.Amissileexpert, death, and was executed in January 2003. death, andwasexecutedinJanuary Lobsang Dhondupwasalsosentenced to with abombinginChenduApril 2001. othersinconnection Dhondup andthree withhisfollowerLobsang was arrested T enzin Delek Rinpoche, a Tibetan lama, enzin DelekRinpoche,aTibetan 4 years Dec 27,2000, 7 years Oct 20,1998, 10 years Nov 23,2000, SENTENCE two years pended for death sus- Dec 2,2002, 2000, 4years June 14, 8 years Mar 10,2000, power state subvert incitement to secrets leaking state secrets leaking state OFFENSE secret trial heldin unavailable - details evil cult law usingan tion ofthe implementa- undermining state secrets Revealing Prison Beijing #2 Prison W Center. Detention Beijing PSB PRISON Prefecture Autonomous T Karze Lithang, Prison Bajiahu Urumqi ibetan eishan

REGULAR FEATURES 103 CHINA RIGHTS FORUM NO.2, 2003 NAME CITY DATE OF REASON SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON DETENTION/ ARREST

Zhao Shaanxi Nov 7, 2002, b. 1968. Teacher at a school affiliated awaiting trial incitement to Xi'an PSB Changqing formally arrest- with Shaanxi Hanzhong Nuclear Industry subvert state Detention ed December Factory 813. Imprisoned for three years in power Center 27, 2002 1998 after attempting to stand for election to the NPC. After release, arrested for participation in open letter to 16th Party Congress calling for political reform.

Sang Shanghai November 10, b. 1942. Retired employee of real estate awaiting trial incitement to Jianchen 2002, formally company. Participated in Democracy Wall subvert state arrested movement. Signatory to open letter to power December 18, 16th Party Congress calling for political 2002 reform.

Wu Yiran Beijing November 16, b. 1969. Police told Wu's mother on Feb. awaiting trial incitement to unknown 2002, formally 28, 2003 that he had been arrested for subvert state arrested participating in an organization that was power December 4, against the government. 2002

Wu Xiang Guizhou Dec 1, 2002 Professor at Guizhou Aeronautical revealing Engineering University. state secrets

Ouyang Yi Sichuan December 4, b. 1968. Secondary school teacher. awaiting trial incitement to Chengdu 2002, formally Participant in 1989 democracy movement, subvert state Detention arrested incarcerated 3 months in 1991. Close power Center January 7, friend of Liu Xianbin, and frequently arrest- 2002 ed for political activities in Chengdu. Signatory to open letter to 16th Party Congress.

Yan Jun Shaanxi April 2003, b. 1973. A teacher in a Xi'an City middle awaiting trial incitement to Xi'an # 1 formal school, Yan disappeared after publishing subvert state Detention notification more than a dozen articles calling for polit- power Center May 9, 2003 ical reform on his Web site. Yan was previously imprisoned in 1996 for mailing articles on corruption to high-level officials.

Sources: HRIC, Human Rights Watch,Amnesty International, English PEN,Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy,Tibet Information Network, Digital Freedom Network, Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Democratic Movements of China Committee to Protect Journalists