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Ferguson Jenkins

Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Ferguson Jenkins

Fergie Jenkins (born Dec. 13, 1943, Chatham, Ont., Can.) Canadian-born U.S. . In high school Jenkins excelled in amateur baseball, , and hockey. He began his major league career with the in the early 1960s, before playing for the Cubs, the , and the , winning at least 20 games in each of six consecutive seasons (1967 – 72) and setting several season records. He was awarded the award in 1971 for his 24 – 13 won-lost record and 2.77 earned average.

For more information on Fergie Jenkins, visit Britannica.com.

Black Biography: Fergie Jenkins

baseball player

Personal Information

Born Ferguson Arthur Jenkins on December 13, 1943, in Chatham, Ontario, ; married Kathy Williams, 1965 (divorced); married Maryanne (died 1991); married Lydia Farrington, 1993; children: Kelly, Delores, Kimberly, Raymond (stepson), Samantha (died 1993). Memberships: Players Alumni Association

Career

Philadelphia Phillies (), player, 1965-66; (National League), professional baseball player, 1966-73, 1982-83; Texas Rangers (), professional baseball player, 1974-75, 1978-81; Boston Red Sox (American League), professional baseball player, 1976-77. Team Canada, pitching for Pan-Am Games, 1987; Texas Rangers (Oklahoma City 89ers minor league team), pitching coach, 1988-89; , roving minor league coach, 1992-93; Chicago Cubs, minor league coach, 1995-96; , commissioner, 2003-.

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Life's Work

" are a breed apart...," wrote Eliot Asinof in a Time biography of pitching great Fergie Jenkins. "They are special, and they know it. Ferguson Jenkins was the perfect pitcher." Over 19 baseball seasons, the three-time All-Star finished with a record of 284 wins and 226 losses, despite pitching at home in some of baseball's hitters' ballparks, including in Chicago and Fenway Park in Boston. Jenkin's unprecedented combination of 3,000-plus and less than 1,000 walks made him one of baseball's most controlled finesse pitchers.

The six-foot-five, 200-pound right-hander joined Major League Baseball's elite early in his career and was lauded by baseball fans in the United States and Canada after his retirement in 1983. The first Canadian elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York, Jenkins also became Commissioner of the newly formed Canadian Baseball League (CBL) in 2003.

Developed Pitching Talent

Ferguson Jenkins, Jr. was born in Chatham, Ontario, on December 13, 1943. His mother went blind during the birth. His father, Ferguson Arthur Jenkins, Sr., was a talented baseball player but "born too early to break the organized-baseball color line," observed Asinof. A well-rounded athlete--he played hockey, soccer, basketball, track, and swam-- the younger Jenkins adored baseball most. Asinof reported that as a youth Jenkins practiced his pitching by "throwing chunks of coal at open doors of passing freight cars 100 feet away."

Philadelphia Phillies scout Gene Dziadura took notice of Jenkins's game after watching the lanky teen play in a local Chatham league. According to a 1991 Maclean's article, Jenkins began "a regimen of splitting firewood...even though his parents' home had no fireplace" after Dziadura advised him to build his upper body. In 1961, Jenkins signed a $7,500 contract with Philadelphia. He worked on improving his game with the club's minor league team for three-and-a-half seasons before joining the Phillies for the first time in 1965 as a . He took the mound seven times that season, performing well. Nevertheless, the Phillies traded him to the Chicago Cubs early in the 1966 season.

Cubs soon made Jenkins a starter. According to Maclean's, Durocher called Jenkins "one of the best pitchers in baseball, ever." Durocher's hunch regarding Jenkins's pitching potential was proven when Jenkins struck six of the American League's greatest hitters in the 1967 All-Star game, including , , , Jim Fregosi, and Tony Oliva. Cubs Randy Hundley praised Jenkins as "a dominant pitcher I could have caught with a pair of pliers." According to an article found on Jenkins's official Web site, written by Darl DeVault, Hundley said, "[Jenkins's] location was near perfect, and he could blow his by hitters, although sometimes we didn't agree on the sign."

Leading the National League in starts in 1968, 1969, and 1971, and in completed games in 1970 and 1971, Jenkins's talent was showcased with the Cubs, bringing his pitching prowess to the attention of baseball fans across America. DeVault wrote, "Jenkins proved to be a power-pitching, durable, consistent artist for many years to come by

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mentally charting batters' tendencies and devising a game plan to get them out." Jenkins led the National League in strikeouts in 1969 with 273, and he set the Cubs strikeout record in 1970 with 274.

Dominated in Two Leagues

Jenkins told DeVault that he never considered pitching work. The competition was a thrill for him. "From '67 through '75 there were a lot of premier pitchers performing in the major leagues, such as , , , , and ," Jenkins told DeVault. "Beginning a I always wanted to start against the number-one pitcher on the opposing ball club, even if it meant pitching with only two or three days rest."

Jenkins began a streak of more than 20 wins a season for six consecutive years. He would have seven total 20-win seasons. While with the National League Cubs, Jenkins proved an effective batter. In 1971, the year Jenkins became the first Cub to capture the for best Major League pitcher, he batted .243, including six homers and 20 RBIs. DeVault speculated in his 2004 biographical article on Jenkins, "Since today's pitchers start fewer games with five-man rotations, and managers depend on their more, Jenkins will likely be the last pitcher to put a six-year, 20-game win streak together." Asinof summed up Jenkins's baseball savvy this way: "Statistics have always been the sportswriters' measure of a ballplayer. But Jenkins's special talents take him beyond the stats. There was a purity to his pitching, often described as water flowing from a glass. He had pinpoint control of his 90-m.p.h. fastball and was always ahead of the ."

Jenkins was traded to the Texas Rangers before the 1974 season, after a rare losing season with the Cubs. He posted 25 wins during his first season as a Ranger, becoming the first 20-win pitcher in a Rangers' uniform. "It was an outstanding year with managing the Rangers and great rookies hitting the ball well," Jenkins reported to DeVault. "Fortunately for me, they also played some great defense helping me win 25 games that year." The voted Jenkins the American League's Comeback Pitcher of the Year for 1974. He played two seasons with the Rangers, falling to 17-18 in 1975, before he was traded to the Boston Red Sox. After two seasons with the Red Sox, where he threw inconsistently, Jenkins was traded back to the Rangers, where he played for four more seasons.

Following the 1981 season he became a free agent and signed with the Cubs, determined to improve his game. In 1982, he became the seventh Major League pitcher to notch 3,000 career strikeouts. When he retired in 1983, Jenkins had posted 49 career shutouts.

Revered in Canada Despite Missteps

Though Jenkins played for teams in the United States, Canadian sports fans took notice of Jenkins's achievements in baseball. Canadian sports writers named him the Canadian Press Male Athlete of the Year four times between 1967 and 1974. And in 1974, Jenkins became the first baseball player to be awarded the Lou March Trophy, an annual honor recognizing Canada's top athlete.

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Jenkins won more Canadian than American sports awards, a point of controversy among baseball commentators who believe that Jenkins ought to have won more than one Cy Young award. Jenkins admitted to DeVault that he felt his stats made him a terrific Cy Young candidate during several seasons, but he often pitched for mediocre teams. "I am grateful to have won my Cy Young Award, and to make the top three in balloting five times," he said, "but it was hard to figure out the voting some years. I sometimes had a better season than the guys who won in my time, but they had starred in postseason the years before. Maybe the writers voted for pitchers who had good seasons who they saw bask in the spotlight of pennant races and the . Unfortunately, I never got to do that, so my Cy Young chances suffered."

In 1980, Jenkins was convicted of cocaine possession after being found with three grams in his suitcase at International Airport. Fortunately for Jenkins, a judge--who described Jenkins as "a person who has conducted himself in exemplary fashion in the community and the country"--declared his criminal record wiped-clean. But the incident became a cloud shadowing Jenkins's otherwise golden reputation as a player and person. The incident delayed Jenkins's induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame at Cooperstown, New York, which came in 1991. He had become the first unanimous inductee into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987. Jenkins was eligible for the Cooperstown Hall in 1989, and thought to be a shoe-in by many sports commentators, given his superior record on the mound. While some sports writers admitted to overlooking Jenkins in 1989 and 1990, perhaps unconsciously because he was a rather modest and subdued baseball hero, others charged the lack of votes to a bias against Jenkins for his conviction for drug possession. The exclusion of Jenkins and for the 1989 induction did not go unnoticed by many observers, including Peter Gammons of Sports Illustrated, who wrote in a January, 1989, article, "Jenkins and Perry would have been locks for Cooperstown if they had been judged as Ruth, Drysdale and Ford were--simply on the basis of performance." Incidentally, Perry and Jenkins were, respectively, the third and fourth pitchers to win more than 100 games in both the American and National leagues.

After agreeing to a pitching coach position for the Texas Rangers minor-league team, the Oklahoma City 89ers in 1988, Jenkins sold his 100-acre farm in Blenheim, Ontario, near Chatham, and settled on a 300-acre ranch in Guthrie, Oklahoma, where he bred and raised Appaloosa horses and hunting dogs. "After playing in big cities, I found that going to the country and relaxing was good therapy," Jenkins told Time's Kevin C. Bias in 2003. "As a pitcher your job is to be intimidating. When the off-season comes, you try to be laid-back." Following his retirement from pitching in 1983, Jenkins occupied himself with family and with coaching for several more clubs, including the Reds and Cubs, as well as for Team Canada in its competition in the 1987 Pan Am Games.

Endured Tragedy to Serve Baseball

Three days after Jenkins's induction into the Hall of Fame in 1991, his wife Maryanne died from injuries sustained in a car accident a few weeks earlier. "It took a while to grasp that I was left without a partner," Jenkins told Maclean's in July of 1991. "I had thought that Maryanne and I would be around together for a long while, and maybe have some more children." They had an infant daughter at the time, Samantha.

The tragedy did not end there. In February of 1993, only days after Jenkins accepted a http://www.answers.com/topic/ferguson-jenkins?&print=true Page 4 of 12 Ferguson Jenkins: Biography from Answers.com 4/17/10 6:38 PM

pitching coach position with the Cincinnati Reds, Jenkins's girlfriend, Cindy Takieddine, took her life and that of Jenkins's three-year-old daughter by carbon monoxide poisoning. According to Jet, in his first public appearance since the murder-suicide, Jenkins told an audience at a Chicago Cubs convention, "There's moments when you just can't cope with (the tragedy), and you go back to your room, try to relax and try to control yourself. But I'm not the only one who had to suffer through pressures, so I don't feel like I'm alone in the situation." Jenkins likely benefited from counseling he received as a member of a bereaved parents support group, which he joined shortly after the loss of Samantha. "You have to talk these things out," Jenkins told Maclean's in 1998. "Life's a lot brighter for me now." Jenkins then sought reassignment to a position of minor-league roving instructor, citing his determination to remain close to his 12-year-old stepson, Raymond. Later in 1993, Jenkins married his third wife, Lydia.

During the 1990s and early twenty-first century, Jenkins frequently appeared on baseball broadcasts on American and Canadian television and radio programs for interviews. He also served as a color analyst for Major League games. In 1999, the Society for American Baseball Research selected Jenkins as one of the top 100 baseball players of the twentieth century.

Since the 1990s, Jenkins has been a committed activist for the promotion and preservation of baseball. In 1992 Jenkins helped found the Oklahoma Sports Museum. He spent hours at the museum, running clinics and speaking to youngsters about baseball and about the perils of drug and alcohol use. He also tapped into his sports-world connections to acquire items for the museum's displays. In August of 2002 he wrote a letter (which can be found on Jenkins's official Web site) to the Major League Baseball commissioner arguing against the disparities in income available to teams and about the stifling impact this has had on competition. The best players gravitate to the wealthiest clubs, Jenkins observed, leaving many teams with no chance to win a pennant. "The lack of parity is killing the game," Jenkins wrote, "because fans want to watch talented players display their skills and have a chance to win in every game they start." Jenkins urged that teams stop salary dumping and that the league cease team expansion. Jenkins also advised the league to test players for performance-enhancing drugs three times a year.

In 2003, Jenkins moved from his ranch in Oklahoma to one in Arizona. Retired from playing and coaching, Jenkins continued to dedicate himself to charitable works and to the promotion of the game he loves. The Fergie Jenkins Foundation, headquartered in Thorold, Ontario, raises money for several charitable organizations, including the Canadian Red Cross, the Special Olympics, the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, CRIED- Abused Women's Program, and several children's camps. As the first commissioner of the Canadian Baseball League (CBL), beginning in 2003, Jenkins sought to encourage young Canadians to pick up the game he has loved. "We need to get kids back into the game," he told Asinof. "The Canadian Baseball League offers them a chance to play a good brand of ball in a good baseball environment." The winner of the CBL championship will receive a trophy named the Jenkins Cup, after one of Canada's most beloved baseball heroes.

Awards

National League All-Star, 1967, 1971, 1972; Sporting News National League Pitcher of the Year, 1971; Lou March Trophy, 1971; Cy Young Award, 1971; inducted into Canadian http://www.answers.com/topic/ferguson-jenkins?&print=true Page 5 of 12 Ferguson Jenkins: Biography from Answers.com 4/17/10 6:38 PM

Baseball Hall of Fame, 1987; inducted into National Baseball Hall of Fame, 1991.

Works

Selected writings

(With Dave Fisher) Inside Pitching, NTC Contemporary Publishing, 1972. (As told to George Vass) Like Nobody Else: The Fergie Jenkins Story, NTC Contemporary Publishing, 1973. (With Stanely Pashko) Ferguson Jenkins: The Quiet Winner, Putnam, 1975. (With Dorothy Turcotte) The Game Is Easy--Life Is Hard: The Story of Ferguson Jenkins, Jr. , The Fergie Jenkins Foundation, 2003.

Further Reading

Periodicals

Jet, February 8, 1993, p. 48. Maclean's, July 8, 1991, p. 42; September 14, 1998, p. 9. Sports Illustrated, June 23, 1989, p. 78; January 21, 2001, p. 10; June 9, 2003, p. 12. Time, June 20, 2003, p. 56.

On-line

Fergie Jenkins, www.cngww.com/baseball/jenkins/index.php (May 19, 2004). "Ferguson Jenkins," Baseball Library, www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/J/Jenkins_Ferguson.stm (May 19, 2004).

— Melissa Walsh

Wikipedia: Ferguson Jenkins

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (August 2007) Ferguson Jenkins

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Pitcher Born: December 13, 1942 (age 67) Chatham, Ontario Batted: Right Threw: Right MLB debut September 10, 1965 for the Philadelphia Phillies Last MLB appearance September 26, 1983 for the Chicago Cubs Career statistics Win-Loss record 284–226 3.34 Strikeouts 3,192 Teams

Philadelphia Phillies (1965–1966) Chicago Cubs (1966–1973) Texas Rangers (1974–1975) Boston Red Sox (1976–1977) Texas Rangers (1978–1981) Chicago Cubs (1982–1983)

Career highlights and awards

3× All-Star selection (1967, 1971, 1972) 1971 NL Cy Young Award 1971 NL TSN Pitcher of the Year 1974 AL Comeback Player of the Year Chicago Cubs #31 retired

Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame http://www.answers.com/topic/ferguson-jenkins?&print=true Page 7 of 12 Ferguson Jenkins: Biography from Answers.com 4/17/10 6:38 PM

Induction 1991 Vote 75.4%

Ferguson Arthur "Fergie" Jenkins, CM, (born December 13, 1942 in Chatham, Ontario)[1][2] is a Canadian former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. He was a three-time All-Star, winner of the 1971 Cy Young Award, and was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1991.

Jenkins spent the majority of his career playing for the Chicago Cubs. He also had stints with the Philadelphia Phillies, Texas Rangers, and Boston Red Sox. An outstanding all- around athlete, Jenkins also played basketball as a member of the .

Contents [hide]

1 Career 1.1 Early years 1.2 1971 season 1.3 Later career 2 Legacy 2.1 Honors and awards 3 References and notes 4 See also 5 External links

Career

Early years

In 1962, he was signed by Philadelphia Phillies scout Tony Lucadello. Jenkins made his major-league debut as a 22-year-old in 1965 as a relief pitcher. He was traded the following year to the Chicago Cubs, along with and , for pitchers and . Jenkins would become one of the best pitchers in the majors. In his first full year as a starter for the Cubs (1967), Jenkins recorded twenty wins while posting a 2.80 ERA and 236 strikeouts. He finished tied for second in the Cy Young Award voting, following Mike McCormick of the . He was also selected for the All-Star Game for the first time that season. The following year his numbers improved; once again he won twenty games, his ERA dropped to 2.63 and his strikeout total increased to 260. Jenkins established a reputation for achieving his pitching feats and his statistics while spending most of his career pitching in a "hitter's ballpark"—Wrigley Field in Chicago.[3] Further, in 1968 Jenkins lost five of his starts in 1– 0 ballgames.

1971 season

Jenkins had his best season in 1971, playing in the All-Star Game, finishing seventh in MVP voting and winning the National League Cy Young Award. He did this despite the fact

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New York Mets pitcher Tom Seaver had a higher winning percentage, fewer losses, fewer hits allowed per nine , more strikeouts, more strikeouts per nine innings, more shutouts, and a lower earned run average than did Jenkins. It is generally conceded that Jenkins's accolades for 1971 (arguably Seaver's best season) were in recognition of his amazing pitching performances of the previous four seasons.[citation needed] Jenkins won 20 games or more and struck out more than 200 batters each of these seasons, while averaging 305 and throwing 87 complete games (16 of them being shutouts).

Jenkins was the first Cubs pitcher and the first Canadian ever to win the Cy Young Award. He received 17 of 24 first place votes. Jenkins also posted a .478 slugging percentage, hitting six home runs and driving in twenty runs in just 115 at-bats.

On April 6, 1971, Jenkins started the Cubs' opening-day game. The Cubs defeated the St. Louis Cardinals 2–1 in 10 innings at Wrigley Field. Jenkins pitched a for the Cubs, and a in the final for the victory.[4] On September 1, 1971, Jenkins threw another complete game against the and had two home runs. The Cubs won the game 5–2.[5]

That season, Jenkins threw a complete game in 30 of 39 starts and received a decision in 37 of them, finishing with a 24–13 record (.649). He walked only 37 batters versus 263 strikeouts across 325 innings.[6]

Later career

Jenkins achieved his 250th win against the on May 23, 1980. Later that year, during a customs search in Toronto, Jenkins was found possessing 3.0 grams cocaine, 2.2 grams hashish, and 1.75 grams marijuana. In response, on September 8, Commissioner suspended him indefinitely. However, Jenkins' suspension lasted only two weeks before, in an unprecedented action, an independent arbiter reinstated him and he returned to the league.[7] Jenkins was not further punished by MLB for the incident, as he remained active until his retirement following the 1983 season. It has been suggested that this incident delayed his induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame.[8]

After Jenkins retired from Major League Baseball in 1983, he pitched for two seasons for the of the Intercounty Major Baseball League operating in London, Ontario. Legacy

Jenkins led the league in wins twice, fewest walks per 9 innings five times, complete games nine times, and home runs allowed seven times. His streak of six straight seasons with 20 or more wins (1967–1972) is the longest streak in the major leagues since performed the feat between 1956 and 1961.

Jenkins, fellow Cub Greg (with whom he shared the jersey number 31), , and Pedro Martínez are the only major league pitchers to ever record more than

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3,000 strikeouts with fewer than 1,000 walks.[9] Only allowed more home runs over a career. Jenkins achieved his 3000th strikeout on May 25, 1982 against .

He is considered the anchor of the 13 , a group of African American pitchers with at least twenty wins in one season (although Jenkins is actually a Black Canadian, not African American).

Honors and awards

Ferguson Jenkins was honored alongside the retired numbers of the Chicago Cubs in 2009.

In 1974 Jenkins, then with the Texas Rangers (who had acquired him from the Cubs the previous off-season for two players, one of whom was future four-time champion ), became the first baseball player to win the , an award given annually to Canada's top athlete (he won a career-high, and still a Rangers franchise record, 25 games). He was also named the Canadian Press male athlete of the year four times (1967, 1968, 1971, and 1974).

Jenkins was inducted into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987, and in 1991 became the first Canadian ever elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York.[10] The 1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was dedicated to Jenkins; he threw out the ceremonial first to conclude the pregame ceremonies. He was inducted into the Texas Rangers Hall of Fame in 2004. He was appointed the commissioner of the now-defunct Canadian Baseball League in 2003. Jenkins has been inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame. On December 17, 1979, he was made a Member of the for being "Canada's best-known major-league baseball player".[11] Governor General Michaëlle Jean officiated at his investiture into the Order, which finally occurred on May 4, 2007: over 27 years after he was appointed.[12] On May 3, 2009, the Cubs retired jersey number 31 in honor of both Jenkins and .[13] References and notes

1. ^ 1942 is the year given throughout his career, and is the year shown in his Baseball http://www.answers.com/topic/ferguson-jenkins?&print=true Page 10 of 12 Ferguson Jenkins: Biography from Answers.com 4/17/10 6:38 PM

Hall of Fame article. Some sources, such as Baseball-reference.com, claim a 1942 birthdate for Jenkins. 2. ^ The Fergie Jenkins Foundation Inc 3. ^ Pashko, Stanley (1975). Ferguson Jenkins: The Quiet Winner. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 4. ^ Apr 6, 1971, Cardinals at Cubs Play by Play and Box Score, Retrieved from baseball-reference.com 5. ^ Sep 1, 1971, Expos at Cubs Play by Play and Box Score, Retrieved from baseball- reference.com 6. ^ Fergie Jenkins Statistics, Retrieved from baseball-reference.com 7. ^ 1919 Black Sox 8. ^ Able, Allen (1991-07-15/2006-08-26). "Fergie Jenkins, 1st Cdn. in Baseball Hall of Fame" (HTML/Video). The Journal. Archives, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-41-2340-13544-10/on_this_day/sports/twt. Retrieved 2007-05-04. 9. ^ Nemec, David; Flatow, Scott. Great Baseball Feats, Facts and Figures (2008 ed.). A Signet Book, Penguin Group. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-451-22363-0. 10. ^ The Hall of Famers National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. Retrieved on 2009-06-17. 11. ^ "Honours Order of Canada Ferguson Jenkins, C.M." (HTML). Members of the Order of Canada. Governor General of Canada. 2006-03-30. http://www.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp? lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=838. Retrieved 2007-05-04. 12. ^ "Jenkins gets Order of Canada" (HTML). Canadian Press. The Toronto Star. 2007- 05-04. http://www.thestar.com/printArticle/210529. Retrieved 2007-05-04. 13. ^ "Cubs to Retire No. 31". Associated Press. ESPN.com. March 18, 2009. http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/print?id=3994049&type=story. See also

List of Major League Baseball players from Canada List of Major League Baseball leaders in career wins 3000 strikeout club List of Major League Baseball strikeout champions List of Major League Baseball wins champions List of Major League Baseball wins champions MLB All-Time Hit Batsmen List Top 100 strikeout pitchers of all time External links

Baseball Hall of Fame – Member biography Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube Fergie Jenkins Foundation BaseballLibrary.com - biography Sidebar "Texas Ranger Hall of Famer" http://www.answers.com/topic/ferguson-jenkins?&print=true Page 11 of 12 Ferguson Jenkins: Biography from Answers.com 4/17/10 6:38 PM

National Film Board of Canada documentary

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