Geological Mapping in the Northern Basin of Southern Indian Lake, North-Central Manitoba (Parts of NTS 64G7, 8, 9, 10) by T
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GS-6 Geological mapping in the northern basin of Southern Indian Lake, north-central Manitoba (parts of NTS 64G7, 8, 9, 10) by T. Martins Martins, T. 2015: Geological mapping in the northern basin of Southern Indian Lake, north-central Manitoba (parts of NTS 64G7, 8, 9, 10); in Report of Activities 2015, Manitoba Mineral Resources, Manitoba Geological Survey, p. 79–88. Summary the objective of providing an This report summarizes the results of geological integrated and updated view mapping conducted within the northern basin of Southern on the regional geology and Indian Lake in the summer of 2015. The area is underlain economic potential of the Trans- by Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Trans-Hudson orogen, Hudson orogen (THO), including the Kisseynew, Lynn including metamorphosed plutonic, sedimentary and Lake–Leaf Rapids and Southern Indian domains in volcanic rocks of the Southern Indian domain and Manitoba, and their equivalents in Saskatchewan (e. g., metaplutonic rocks of the Chipewyan domain. The Corrigan et al., 1999, 2002, 2007; Corrigan and Rayner, geology of the northern basin is dominated by granitoid 2002; Maxeiner et al., 2001; Rayner and Corrigan, 2004). plutons of variable composition (generally granitic to The MGS followed up on this work with mapping of tonalitic) of the Southern Indian domain, which contain supracrustal rocks in the Southern Indian domain at a xenoliths of supracrustal rocks presumably derived scale of 1:25 000 and 1:50 000 (Kremer 2008a, b; Kremer from the Pukatawakan Bay and Partridge Breast Lake 2009a, b). Granitoid rocks of the Southern Indian domain assemblages. Exposures of the Chipewyan batholith were the focus of a mapping project by the MGS in 2014 occur in the northern part of the map area. (Kremer and Martins 2014). Mapping at Southern Indian Previous studies at Southern Indian Lake Lake continued throughout the summer of 2015 (this have identified exposures of late Archean to early report; Figure GS-6-1), focusing on the northern basin of Paleoproterozoic crust, which may have been the source the lake and the plutonic rocks, with the aim of compiling of detrital and xenocrystic zircons of the same age in some a summary of all MGS work from previous years. of the younger Paleoproterozoic rocks in the Southern Indian domain. Samples were collected during this study Geological setting to further establish the extent of this older component, thus The Southern Indian domain is one of three major helping to better define the crustal architecture underlying tectonostratigraphic entities that define the northern this portion of the Trans-Hudson orogen. These findings flank of the Reindeer zone of the THO in Manitoba could have implications for diamond exploration in this (Figure GS-6-1). It is predominantly composed of part of northern Manitoba. This study and the results of variably migmatitic metasedimentary rocks, various previous work undertaken in the Southern Indian Lake granitoid units and rare belts dominated by metavolcanic area also indicate potential for a variety of other deposit rocks (Corrigan et al., 2007). The metasedimentary and types, including volcanogenic base-metal and intrusion- metavolcanic rocks have been historically assigned to the related gold deposits. Sickle and Wasekwan groups, respectively (Cranstone, 1972; Frohlinger, 1972). The Southern Indian domain Introduction is bounded to the south by the Lynn Lake–Leaf Rapids The Southern Indian Lake area was the target of domain and, to the north, was intruded by the voluminous reconnaissance mapping in the early 20th century by the ca. 1.86–1.85 Ga Chipewyan/Wathaman batholith Geological Survey of Canada (GSC; McInnes, 1913). (Corrigan et al., 2000), which stitches the Reindeer zone Later, geological mapping was carried out by Wright to the southern margin of the Hearne craton. (1953) and Quinn (1960) in selected areas of Southern Mapping, lithogeochemical and geochronological Indian Lake at a scale of 1:15 840. In the late 1960s, results were used to subdivide supracrustal rocks of the Manitoba Geological Survey (MGS) carried out the Southern Indian domain into two lithotectonic geological mapping in this area as part of the Southern assemblages, namely the Pukatawakan Bay and Partridge Indian Lake Project (Cranstone, 1972; Thomas, 1972), Breast Lake assemblages (Rayner and Corrigan, 2004; and returned to this area to conduct regional mapping of Kremer, 2008a; Kremer et al., 2009a, b). The Pukatawakan the Lower Churchill River area at a scale of 1:100 000 Bay assemblage is composed of massive to pillowed, (Lenton and Corkery, 1981). Corkery (1993) followed up juvenile metabasaltic rocks and associated basinal with 1:50 000 scale mapping south of Partridge Breast metasedimentary rocks (Kremer, 2008a). This assemblage Lake and in the area west of Gauer Lake. was intruded by the ca. 1889 ±11 Ma Turtle Island complex Later work was undertaken as part of the GSC’s (Rayner and Corrigan, 2004), which provides a minimum Targeted Geoscience Initiative in the early 2000s, with age of deposition. The Partridge Breast Lake assemblage Report of Activities 2015 79 6 413 746 N 683 544 Chipewyan domain PMAP 2015-4 E Partridge Breast Lake Northern Indian Lake Southern Indian Lake PMAP 2014-6 PMAP 2009-2 Long Point Pukatawakan Bay PMAP 2008-3 Southern Indian domain Lynn Lake Gauer Lake Leaf Rapids Legend Granite-granodiorite-tonalite Lynn Lake - Leaf Rapids domain Gabbro, enderbite Arkosic gneiss Greywacke gneiss, paragneiss Kisseynew domain Volcanic rocks E Domain boundary 50 km 339 534 6 178 912 N Figure GS-6-1: Simplified regional geology of part of the Trans-Hudson orogen in northern Manitoba. Areas of recent mapping by the Manitoba Geological Survey in the Southern Indian domain area, as well as the limits of the current mapping, are outlined. Pukatawakan Bay and Partridge Breast Lake are type localities for the rock assemblages of the same name. is composed of bimodal continental-arc volcanic and of plutonic rocks ranging in age from ca. 1880 to 1830 Ma volcaniclastic rocks and is inferred to be in fault contact (Corrigan et al., 2007). with late Archean to early Paleoproterozoic orthogneiss (ca. 2520–2380 Ma) in west-central Southern Indian Lake (Kremer et al., 2009a). Exposure of this orthogneiss is Bedrock geology of the northern basin of limited to a group of small islands. However, the range Southern Indian Lake of ages of its zircon population mimics the dominant and Map units identified in the northern basin of subdominant populations in detrital zircon histograms from Southern Indian Lake consist mainly of metagranitoid all Paleoproterozoic assemblages in the area, indicating it rocks belonging to the Southern Indian and Chipewyan may be more extensive than its limited exposure would domains, with minor metavolcanic and metasedimentary suggest. Additionally, similar age zircons are ubiquitous as rocks. In this part of the Southern Indian domain, the inherited grains in Paleoproterozoic plutonic and volcanic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks are mostly rocks found both at Southern Indian and Partridge Breast preserved as large screens and xenoliths within younger lakes (Rayner and Corrigan, 2004; Kremer et al., 2009a). felsic metaplutonic rocks. The southern boundary of the The late Archean to early Paleoproterozoic orthogneiss Chipewyan domain occurs in the northeastern corner of at Southern Indian Lake may represent a window, or the lake, but exposures are sparse due to extensive drift fault-bounded tectonic fragment of Hearne craton in the cover in this area (Figure GS-6-2). Although the majority Reindeer zone of the THO. Alternatively, it may represent of rocks in the Southern Indian Lake area have been a fragment of exotic continental crust, analogous to the metamorphosed, the ‘meta’ prefix has been omitted to Sask craton (e. g., Corrigan et al., 2007). improve the readability of the text. Described mineral Both the Pukatawakan Bay and Partridge Breast modal abundances are based on visual estimates from Lake assemblages were intruded by several generations outcrop and hand samples. The unit numbers in this report 80 Manitoba Geological Survey 520 000 530 000 540 000 550 000 0 0 0 0 Moss 0 0 0 9 Lake 0 3 9 6 3 6 Pinayomootisis Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 3 8 6 3 6 Southern Indian Lake Sand Kame Point 0 Hills 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 7 0 3 7 6 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 3 6 6 3 6 0 5 10 km Nitawikew Lake Chipewyan batholith (! Mineral occurrence (! Cu, Zn K-feldspar-phyric biotite granite Domain boundary Granitic pegmatite Contacts (approximate) Plagioclase-phyric tonalite Mapping limits Biotite granite and syenogranite No outcrop 0 Megacrystic granite 0 0 0 0 0 Granodiorite-tonalite 0 5 0 3 ! Au, Cu, Ag, Bi 5 6 ( Tonalite-granodiorite 3 Leucodiorite-quartz diorite 6 Amphibolite Sedimentary rocks 520 000 530 000 540 000 550 000 Figure GS-6-2: Simplified geology of the northern basin of Southern Indian Lake. Report of Activities 2015 81 correspond to those on Preliminary Map PMAP2015-4 been formed during peak, upper-amphibolite–facies (Martins, 2015) and Figure GS-6-2 represents a simplified metamorphism (Kremer, 2008a). Polymictic clast- version of this map. supported conglomerate (unit 3c) occurs in two outcrops in the central area of the lake. Although moderately to strongly deformed (Figure GS-6-3d), the conglomerate Southern Indian domain appears to be well sorted and contains subrounded to subangular clasts 2–20 cm long. The clasts consist of Paragneiss (unit 1) granitic and volcanic rocks, similar to those observed in Paragneiss was identified at three locations in the conglomerate mapped at Whyme Bay (Kremer, 2008a). map area: one isolated outcrop in the northwestern In this unit, the main foliation (S ) is folded by steeply corner of the map and two outcrops spatially associated 1 dipping isoclinal F2 folds, with a northeast-striking S2 with feldspathic greywacke of unit 3 (Figure GS-6-2).