DOCSLIB.ORG

A Cross-Flow Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Curcuminoids from Curcuma Longa L.: Process Design to Avoid Degradation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Cross-Flow Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Curcuminoids from Curcuma Longa L.: Process Design to Avoid Degradation foods Article A Cross-Flow Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Curcuminoids from Curcuma longa L.: Process Design to Avoid Degradation Arianna Binello 1 , Giorgio Grillo 1 , Alessandro Barge 1 , Pietro Allegrini 2, Daniele Ciceri 2 and Giancarlo Cravotto 1,* 1 Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (G.G.); [email protected] (A.B.) 2 INDENA S.pA., Viale Ortles, 12, 20139 Milan, Italy; [email protected] (P.A.); [email protected] (D.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-011-6707183; Fax: +39-011-6707162 Received: 9 May 2020; Accepted: 2 June 2020; Published: 4 June 2020 Abstract: Rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. are well known for their content of curcuminoids, which are compounds with interesting biological activity against various inflammatory states and diseases. Curcuminoids can degrade during processing. This piece of work investigates fast, efficient and cost-effective metabolite recovery from turmeric under ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). An analytical evaluation of curcuminoid stability under sonication in different solvents is reported for the first time. HPLC and quantitative 1H-NMR were used. Under the applied conditions, EtOAc was found to be the optimal extraction medium, rather than EtOH, due to its lower radical generation, which facilitates better curcuminoid stability. Kinetic characterization, by means of the Peleg equation, was applied for single-step UAE on two different rhizome granulometries. Over a time of 90 min, maximum extraction yields were 25.63% and 47.56% for 6 and 2 mm matrix powders, respectively. However, it was observed that the largest portion of curcuminoid recovery was achieved in the first 30 min. Model outcomes were used as the basis for the design of a suitable multi-step cross-flow approach that supports and emphasizes the disruptive role of cavitation. The maximum curcuminoid yield was achieved over three steps (92.10%) and four steps (80.04%), for lower and higher granulometries, respectively. Finally, the central role of the solvent was further confirmed by turmeric oleoresin purification. The EtOAc extract was purified via crystallization, and a 95% pure curcuminoid product was isolated without any chromatographic procedure. No suitable crystallization was observed for the EtOH extract. Keywords: Curcuma longa L.; curcuminoid stability; multi-step extraction; ultrasound-assisted extraction; extraction kinetic 1. Introduction In recent years, non-synthetic and biologically active compounds from vegetal sources have gained increasing interest because of their important role in health-care systems worldwide; pigments have found use as additives or supplements in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. One of the most widely studied sources of natural pigment plants is Curcuma longa L., a perennial rhizomatous shrub belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. Also known as turmeric, this plant is commonly used as a coloring and flavoring agent in the food industry and, in particular, it is known as the ‘golden spice of life’, and constitutes the main component of curry [1]. However, it is also appreciated in traditional medicine for its biological properties, which are mainly related to its curcuminoids; chemical Foods 2020, 9, 743; doi:10.3390/foods9060743 www.mdpi.com/journal/foods Foods 2020, 9, 743 2 of 19 components that include curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin Foods 2020, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 20 (BDMC) (Figure1)[2]. Figure 1. Chemical structures of curcuminoids: (a) curcumin (CUR), (b) demethoxycurcumin (DMC), (cFigure) bisdemethoxycurcumin 1. Chemical structures (BDMC). of curcuminoids: (a) curcumin (CUR), (b) demethoxycurcumin (DMC), (c) bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC). Although these substances can be chemically synthesized, is worth noting that the Joint FAO/WHO ExpertAlthough Committee these on Foodsubstances Additives can (JECFA) be chemically specifications synthesized, only allow is curcuminoidsworth noting extractedthat the fromJoint naturalFAO/WHO source Expert material Committee to be used on as Food food Additives additives [(JECFA)3]. specifications only allow curcuminoids extractedTurmeric from has natural curcuminoid source material contents to ofbe 2–9%used as depending food additives on its [3]. growing conditions and origin. The mainTurmeric biological has curcuminoid activities exhibited contents byof these2–9% depending compounds on are its antioxidant,growing conditions anti-inflammatory, and origin. antibacterial,The main biological antiviral, activities antifungal, exhibited anticancer, by immune-stimulatorythese compounds are and antioxidant, neuroprotective anti-inflammatory, [4–7]. antibacterial,The most antiviral, common antifungal, techniques anticancer to obtain curcuminoids, immune-stimulatory from turmeric and neuroprotective involve solvent [4–7]. extraction followedThe most by column common chromatography. techniques to obtain However, curcuminoids the choice from of turmeric the solvent involve and solvent the conditions extraction appliedfollowed must by column take into chromatography. account the safety However, of the finalthe choice use to of which the solvent these and compounds the conditions are intended, applied formust example, take into their account acceptability the safety in the of foodthe fina industry.l use to Soxhlet, which ultrasonic-assistedthese compounds extractionare intended, (UAE) for andexample, microwave-assisted their acceptability extraction in the (MAE)food industry. are currently Soxhlet, the mostultrasonic-assisted commonly used extraction methods, (UAE) although and othermicrowave-assisted techniques, such extraction as pulsed-ultrasonic (MAE) are andcurrentl supercritical-fluidy the most commonly extraction, used are alsomethods, reported although to be eotherfficient techniques, processes [such8–10 ].as Itpulsed-ultrasonic is worth noting that and UAE superc is nowritical-fluid widely extraction, used in vegetal-matrix are also reported extraction to be thanksefficient to processes its efficiency, [8–10]. which It is wo allowsrth noting it to: (1)that enhance UAE is now extraction widely yields used in and vegetal-matrix rates; (2) make extraction use of alternativethanks to its solvents; efficiency, (3) reducewhich allows costs and it to: required (1) enhance extraction extraction times; yields and (4)and preserve rates; (2) heat-sensitive make use of compounds.alternative solvents; Several cavitation (3) reduce devices costs and are available,required extraction including bath,times; probe and and(4) preserve flow systems, heat-sensitive and can providecompounds. huge Several process-type cavitation flexibility, devices such are as availabl scalability,e, including and the usebath, of counter-currentprobe and flow orsystems, co-current and systemscan provide [11]. huge In particular, process-type the co-current flexibility, cross-flow such as scalability, approach and is a relativelythe use of simple counter-current sequential-step or co- protocolcurrent thatsystems is used [11]. in solid In /particular,liquid extraction the co-current for different cross-flow purposes, suchapproach as decontamination, is a relatively leaching simple andsequential-step food washing. protocol Essentially, that theis used solid in to besolid/l extractediquid isextraction mixed with for freshdifferent solvent, purposes, then recovered such as anddecontamination, drained. The extractedleaching and solid food then washing. meets fresh Essentially, solvent the and solid is recovered to be extracted and drained is mixed again. with fresh The highersolvent, the then number recovered of steps, and the drained. more the The matrix extract approachesed solid then depletion meets [fresh12]. solvent and is recovered and Adrained great dealagain. of The metabolite-extraction higher the number research of steps, has the investigated more the matrix this mechanism,approaches anddepletion it has [12]. been describedA great using deal Fick’s of metabolite-extraction second law of diffusion research [13,14 has]. However,investigated a deeper this mechanism, modeling and of the it has kinetics been underlyingdescribed using the solid–liquid Fick’s second extraction law of diffusion processes [1 is3,14]. not However, common ina literature;deeper modeling mathematical of the kinetics assets, suchunderlying as useful the engineering solid–liquid tools, extraction are needed processes to cast is lightnot common on method in applicabilityliterature; mathematical and optimization. assets, Desorptionsuch as useful processes, engineering on the tools, other are hand, needed are to commonly cast light on interpreted method applic by mathematicalability and optimization. descriptors inDesorption literature, processes, and Peleg’s on Modelthe other is onehand, of are the commonly best known interpreted [15]. The commonby mathematical principles descriptors shared by in dehydrationliterature, and/rehydration Peleg’s Model phenomena is one and of metabolite the best known extraction [15]. allow The the common ability of principles this model shared to render by UAEdehydration/rehydration kinetics to be investigated phenomena [16,17]. and metabolite extraction allow the ability of this model to renderAn UAE equation kinetics that to describes be investigated the time-dependent [16,17]. trend of a system can ensure the understanding necessaryAn equation to define that the fastestdescribes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chemical Composition and Product Quality Control of Turmeric
    Stephen F. Austin State University SFA ScholarWorks Faculty Publications Agriculture 2011 Chemical composition and product quality control of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Shiyou Li Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, [email protected] Wei Yuan Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, [email protected] Guangrui Deng Ping Wang Stephen F Austin State University, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, [email protected] Peiying Yang See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/agriculture_facultypubs Part of the Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Commons, and the Pharmaceutical Preparations Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Recommended Citation Li, Shiyou; Yuan, Wei; Deng, Guangrui; Wang, Ping; Yang, Peiying; and Aggarwal, Bharat, "Chemical composition and product quality control of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)" (2011). Faculty Publications. Paper 1. http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/agriculture_facultypubs/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Agriculture at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Shiyou Li, Wei Yuan, Guangrui Deng, Ping Wang, Peiying Yang, and Bharat Aggarwal This article is available at SFA ScholarWorks: http://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/agriculture_facultypubs/1 28 Pharmaceutical Crops, 2011, 2, 28-54 Open Access Chemical Composition and Product Quality Control of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) ,1 1 1 1 2 3 Shiyou Li* , Wei Yuan , Guangrui Deng , Ping Wang , Peiying Yang and Bharat B. Aggarwal 1National Center for Pharmaceutical Crops, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F.
    [Show full text]
  • 9 Preparation Process of Curcuminoid Powder From
    PREPARATION PROCESS OF CURCUMINOID POWDER FROM TURMERIC RHIZOME (Curcuma longa domestica, Vahl) AND ITS CHARACTERISTIC AS FOOD INGREDIENTS PROSES PEMBUATAN BUBUK CURCUMINOID DARI RIMPANG KUNYIT (Curcuma longa domestica, Vahl) DAN KARAKTERISTIKNYA SEBAGAI BAHAN INGREDIEN PANGAN Agus Sudibyo, Tiurlan Farida Hutajulu, dan Maman Sukiman Balai Besar Industri Agro Jl. Ir.H. Juanda No.11 Bogor Email: [email protected] Diterima: 14-03-2017 Direvisi: 29-01-2018 Disetujui: 26-02-2018 ABSTRAK Studi pada proses pembuatan bubuk curcuminoid dari akar kunyit (Curcuma longa domestica Vahl dan karakteristiknya sebagai bahan pangan telah dilakukan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa jenis pelarut, perbandingan antara padatan-larutan dan suhu ekstrasi yang digunakan berpengaruh terhadap rendemen kandungan curcuminoid. Kandungan curcumnoid berkisar antara 11,96% hingga 14,01% (untuk ekstrasi dengan pelarut ethanol 60%), berkisar antara 12,91% hingga 15,20% (ekstrasi dengan pelarut ethanol 80%), dan berkisar antara 3,85 hingga 7,19% (ekstrasi dengan pelarut ethanol 50%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi dan terbaik kandungan total senyawa fenol tercatat pada ekstrasi dengan ethanol (perbandingan S/L 1 : 50 dan suhu ekstrasi 60oC) dengan nilai 148,99 mg GAE/100 g sedang nilai terendah tercatat untuk ekstrasi menggunakan pelarut 50% (perbandingan S/L 1 : 30) dan suhu ekstrasi 30oC dengan nilai 101,43 mg GAE/100 g. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi aktifitas antioksidan tercatat pada ekstraksi menggunakan ethanol 80% dan menggunakan bahan kunyit kering sebanyak 15,0 g dengan nilai 47,65% ; sedang nilai terendah sebagai aktifitas antioksidan pada ekstrasi menggunakan ethanol 50% dan menggunakan bahan kunyit kering sebanyak 1,50 g dengan nilai 20,04%.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of UVA-Light on Color Transition of Anthocyanin And
    3A-6 日本色彩学会誌 第 42 巻 第 3号 （2018 年）JCSAJ Vol.42 No.3 Effects of UVA-light on Color Transition of Anthocyanin and Curcumin Dyes and Possible Application of Light-Activated Oxygen Indicator in Food Package Kanpicha Suwannawatanamatee Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, RMUTT Surachai Khankaew Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, RMUTT Chanprapha Phuangsuan Color Research Center, RMUTT KeywordsOxygen Indicator,Intelligent Packaging, Anthocyanin is water-solution pigment ar- Naturals Dyes ranged flavonoids. The color of anthocyanin can be changed by pH conditions. Normally, plants which are １．Introduction blue, purple, pink and red color can be found antho- Active and intelligent packaging is novel food cyanin in vacuole. Anthocyanin can naturally apply as packaging technology which is rapidly increasing in a dye and additive for food and beverage industry. this century. The active packaging (AP) is packaging Curcumin and curcuminoid are natural dye that can material that can protect the quality or safety of the be found in the root such turmeric. Curcumin is a pol- products such as ethylene absorber or inhibitor, mod- yphenol substance which appears yellow and orange ified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and oxygen ab- colors. sorber. Meanwhile, the intelligent packaging (IP) that This research investigated the effects of has a function to monitor or track the change of exter- UVA-light on the color transition of anthocyanin and nal or internal environment of packages and com- curcumin which were used as dyes and possibly ap- municate positions of products to customers such as plied as either an OI or other indicators for food indi- ripeness indicator (RI), ready to serve indicator (RSI), cator application.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Analysis of Curcuminoids in Turmeric Extract Using the Agilent 1290 Infinity LC and STM Columns
    Rapid Analysis of Curcuminoids in Turmeric Extract Using the Agilent 1290 Infinity LC and STM Columns Application Note Author Abstract Adam Horkey A method has been developed for the separation of curcuminoids in turmeric using Schwabe North America an Agilent 1290 Infinity LC and STM column. This method is proven to provide rapid Green Bay, WI cycle times with good resolution, over the traditional USP method. USA Introduction Experimental Turmeric is derived from the plant Curcuma Longa , a member Sample preparation of the ginger family. Curcumin is a natural extract from the A 25-mg amount of sample extract was dissolved in 50 mL of Turmeric spice, and has been used for many centuries in India reagent alcohol by sonication. The sample was further diluted and Asia because of its numerous potential benefits. 1:25 in reagent alcohol. Curcumin has been used since ancient times to treat disor - ders such as arthritis, digestive problems, and urinary issues. The sample extract was obtained from Natural Remedies in It can also be used to treat low energy and a variety of skin Karnataka, India. and wound conditions. Some researchers believe curcumin can be helpful in treating Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, The sample was run with an Agilent 1290 Infinity LC System, allergies, and arthritis [1]. using the method parameters listed in Table 1. These results were compared to those of the same analysis, using the USP Separation and quantification of curcuminoids can be accom - method parameters listed in Table 2 [2]. plished with liquid chromatography. Advancements in LC instrumentation and column design have drastically increased Table 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Curcuminoid Analysis of Hawaii-Grown Turmeric
    CURCUMINOID ANALYSIS OF HAWAII-GROWN TURMERIC (Curcuma longa) BY HIGH- PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND INVESTIGATION OF COLOR RELATIONSHIP WITH CURCUMINOID CONTENT FOR TOTAL CURCUMINOID ESTIMATION A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN FOOD SCIENCE AUGUST 2020 By Justin Calpito Thesis Committee: Jon-Paul Bingham, Chairperson Theodore Radovich Daniel Owens Keywords: Turmeric, Curcuma longa, curcumin, curcuminoid ©2020, Justin Calpito ii DEDICATION I dedicate this thesis to the farmers, scientists, and workers of Hawaii who seek to improve the sustainability and value of Hawaii’s agriculture. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to acknowledge my family for have endured with me through my lengthy college career and supported me with food and money. Secondly, I thank my friends who have stood with me and encouraged me constantly to finish this thesis. My research could not be completed without the efforts of my professors and lab mates, who have helped me through every step of the way, from harvesting and cleaning the turmeric to maintaining the intricate parts of the HPLC machine. I would also like to thank the late Dr. Alvin Huang, who imparted to me his interest in food chemistry and its applications to Hawaii’s food industry. Lastly, I would like to thank God, who has helped me cultivate the patience and endurance needed to finish this race. iv ABSTRACT An HPLC method was designed to analyze turmeric (Curcuma longa) cultivars for curcuminoid contents curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin, and the sum of these were taken as total curcuminoids (TC).
    [Show full text]
  • Formulation and Evaluation of Curcumin Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles by Hot Homogenization Method by Employing Glyceryl Monostearate
    ISSN: 2455-2631 © December 2018 IJSDR | Volume 3, Issue 12 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CURCUMIN LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES BY HOT HOMOGENIZATION METHOD BY EMPLOYING GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE 1Shruti Madderla, 2Dr. P.Tripura sundari RBVRR Women’s College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Barkatpura, Hyderabad, India. ABSTRACT: Curcumin was naturally occurring agent with poor solubility also with a bioavailability of 3%. It is useful in many potential pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. It was also proved against cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, liver problems, rheumatic arthritis, diabetics, Parkinson’s disease and neurological disorders. To enhance its solubility, permeability and bioavailability nanoparticle technology is very much useful. In the present work attempts were made to prepare the SLNs of curcumin by employing Glyceryl monostearate (GMS) as solid lipid, Tween 80and soya lecithin as hydrophilic and lipophilic surfactants respectively. The five prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like entrapment efficiency, In Vitro drug release, particle size, Zeta potential and SEM analysis. Among all the Preparations G3 formulation was best in terms of Drug content of 85.5%, Entrapment efficiency of 72.2%, Drug release of 64.0%, Particle size of 393.1 nm with Zeta potential of -15.1 mV and was also in accordance with particle size in nano range by SEM analysis in Hot Homogenization. The present study conclusively demonstrated that the solubility of drug was improved by entrapment of drug into solid lipid carrier which led to prolongation of drug release. KEYWORDS: Glycerol Monostearate (GMS), Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), Hot Homogenization Method (HHM). 1. INTRODUCTION The enhancement of solubility and oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs remain one of the most challenging aspects of drug development.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Rice Bran Wax on Physicochemical Properties of Curcuminoid-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
    TJPS Vol.40 (Special Issue) 2016 Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TJPS) Journal homepage: http://www.tjps.pharm.chula.ac.th The effect of rice bran wax on physicochemical properties of curcuminoid-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles Tangkhajornchaisak P1, Rojsitthisak P2, Tiyaboonchai W3, Wattanaarsakit P1,* 1 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy and 2Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Pitsanulok 65000, Thailand. Keywords: Curcuminoid, High pressure homogenization, Rice bran wax, Solid lipid nanoparticles Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the potential of using rice bran wax as a natural lipid composition for curcuminoid-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Methods: Blank solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulations of three lipid types and concentrations; rice bran wax (RB), glyceryl behenate (GB) and cetyl palmitate (CP) at 2.5, 5 and 7.5%w/w were studied. SLN were prepared by a high pressure homogenization technique and characterized on their particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential. SLN physical stability was also observed during storage. Curcuminoid-loaded SLN (C-SLN) were prepared and determined their physical characteristics and percentage of drug entrapment. Results: The results showed that particle size of all SLN formulations ranged in nanosize with narrow size distribution and low zeta potential which indicating a good physical stability. SLN with RB had smaller size compared to GB and CP. The mean particle size of RB-SLN was slightly increased when a lipid concentration was increased from 2.5 to 7.5%w/w.
    [Show full text]
  • GRAS Notice 822, Curcumin
    GRAS Notice (GRN) No. 822 https://www.fda.gov/food/generally-recognized-safe-gras/gras-notice-inventory ~ . la AIBMR Life Sciences, Inc. Notice to US Food and Drug Administration of the Conclusion that the Intended Use of Curcumin is Generally Recognized as Safe Submitted by the Notifier: Laurus Labs Private Ltd. 2nd Floor, Serene Chambers Road No: 7 Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500 034 Andhra Pradesh, India Prepared by the Agent of the Notifier: AIBMR Life Sciences, Inc 2800 E. Madison, Suite 202 Seattle WA 98112 November 15, 2018 fPd~©~~~~lD) NOV 2 6 2018 OFFICE OF FOOD ADDITIV!: SAFETY ,lAIBMR Life Sciences. Inc. Table of Contents Part 1: Signed Statements and Certification ..................................................................... 4 1.1 Submission of GRAS Notice ................................................................................. 4 1.2 Name and Address of the Notifier and Agent of the Notifier.. ................................ 4 1.3 Name of the Substance .......................................................................................... 4 1.4 Intended Conditions of Use ................................................................................... 5 1.5 Statutory Basis for GRAS Conclusion ................................................................... 5 1.6 Not Subject to Premarket approval ........................................................................ 5 1. 7 Data and Information Availability Statement ......................................................... 5 1.8 Exemption from Disclosure
    [Show full text]
  • Curcuminoid Drug Interactions
    Author’s copy! Any use beyond the limits of copyright law without the consent of the publisher is prohibited and punishable. This applies in particular to duplications, translations, Special | Curcuminoids microfilming as well as storage and processing in electronic systems. Peer-reviewed | Manuscript received: May 17, 2015 | Revision accepted: August 17, 2015 Curcuminoid drug interactions Alexa Kocher, Christina Schiborr, Jan Frank, Stuttgart Introduction Summary Curcuminoids are lipiphilic secondary The secondary plant metabolite curcumin and the related curcuminoids may be plant metabolites isolated from the valuable in the prevention and treatment of many different degenerative disea- roots of the plant Curcuma longa ses. As curcuminoids are often taken as supplements by some population groups, (turmeric) ( see SCHIBORR et al., it may be asked whether this can lead to changes in the pharmacokinetics or phar- page M636 [1]) and consist of ca. 77 % macodynamics of other drugs taken at the same time. It is particularly important curcumin, 17 % demethoxycurcumin to clarify this issue, as native curcumin only exhibits low bioavailability, but many and 6 % bis-demethoxycurcumin [2]. novel formulations are being developed that enhance its absorption in the small Because of their many health suppor- intestine and thus lead to higher concentrations of the active drug. Cell culture ting activities, they have long been and animal studies have shown that native curcumin can affect xenobiotic meta- used in traditional Chinese medicine bolizing enzymes. There are also effects on the pharmacokinetics of active sub- for the treatment of respiratory di- stances in animal studies and in men. On the other hand, it has not been shown sease, anorexia, diabetic wounds or that curcumin has any adverse effects on the pharmacological activity of other for digestive disorders [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Antioxidant Efficacy of Curcuminoids from Turmeric ( Curcuma Longa L
    Downloaded from British Journal of Nutrition (2009), 102, 1629–1634 doi:10.1017/S0007114509990869 q The Authors 2009 https://www.cambridge.org/core Antioxidant efficacy of curcuminoids from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder in broiler chickens fed diets containing aflatoxin B1 Nisarani K. S. Gowda1*, David R. Ledoux2, Goerge E. Rottinghaus2, Alex J. Bermudez2 and Yin C. Chen2 . IP address: 1National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India 2Fusarium/Poultry Research Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA 170.106.33.22 (Received 6 November 2008 – Revised 21 May 2009 – Accepted 28 May 2009 – First published online 17 August 2009) , on A 3-week-feeding study (1–21 d post-hatch) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of total curcuminoids (TCMN), as an antioxidant, to amelio- 30 Sep 2021 at 21:30:52 rate the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in broiler chickens. Turmeric powder (Curcuma longa L.) that contained 2·55 % TCMN was used as a source of TCMN. Six cage replicates of five chicks each were assigned to each of six dietary treatments, which included: basal diet; basal diet supplemented with 444 mg/kg TCMN; basal diet supplemented with 1·0 mg/kg AFB1; basal diet supplemented with 74 mg/kg TCMN and 1·0 mg/kg AFB1; basal diet supplemented with 222 mg/kg TCMN and 1·0 mg/kg AFB1; basal diet supplemented with 444 mg/kg TCMN and 1·0 mg/kg AFB1. The addition of 74 and 222 mg/kg TCMN to the AFB1 diet significantly (P,0·05) improved weight gain and feed efficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • (Curcuma Longa Linn.) Ethanol
    Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2018, 10(12): 51-57 ISSN : 0975-7384 Research Article CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Determination of Total Curcuminoid Content and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Turmeric (curcuma longa linn.) Ethanol Extract with Different Soil type Sing dpph (1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) Any Guntarti* and Romadhina Nurficahyanti Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, Jl. Dr. Soepomo SH, Janturan, Warungboto, Yogyakarta, Indonesia _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Natural antioxidants such as turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa Linn.) Are known to have antioxidant activity against free radicals because they contain bioactive compounds in the form of curcumin. This study aims to determine the total levels of curcuminoids expressed as equivalent to curcumin (EK) and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method (1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl). Turmeric extract was obtained by using Soxhlet using ethanol solvent p.a. Curcuminoid identification in extracts and antioxidant activity by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) test. While the total levels of curcuminoids and antioxidant activity were determined by visible spectrophotometry. Quantitative analysis of total levels of curcuminoids and antioxidant activity was carried out by determining the correlation coefficient value of the linear regression equation obtained. The qualitative test results showed that ethanol extract of turmeric from Alfisol and Inceptisol soil types positively contained curcuminoid compounds and had antioxidant activity. The total curcuminoid content in C.longa L. ethanol extract from Alfisol soil was 11.24 ± 0.409% (EK) while from Inceptisol soil type was 5.87 ± 0.174% (EK). Standard antioxidant activity of curcumin, ethanol extract of C.longa L. from Alfisol and Inceptisol soil types ES50 values of were 6.17 μg / mL, 29.56 μg / mL, and 39.08 μg / mL, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Preparation of Curcuminoid Powder from Turmeric Root (Curcuma Longa Linn) for Food Ingredient Use
    Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 44 : 123 - 130 (2010) Preparation of Curcuminoid Powder from Turmeric Root (Curcuma longa Linn) for Food Ingredient Use Vipa Surojanametakul*, Prajongwate Satmalee, Janpen Saengprakai, Dalad Siliwan and Ladda Wattanasiritham ABSTRACT The tumeric (Curcuma longa Linn) Chan variety possessed higher curcuminoid than the Dang- Siam variety. The result showed that the extracting solvent could significantly alter the curcuminoid as well as the total polyphenol content of the turmeric extract. Recommended conditions for curcuminoid extract from turmeric were: ethanol, solid:liquid ratio 1:50, at 70°C for 2 hr. Preparation of curcuminoid powder from turmeric extract was performed by entrapment of the natural turmeric compound “curcuminoid” with a polysaccharide, carboxymethyl cellulose, as a complex formation and mixed with maltodextrin, prior to drying. The curcuminoid content in the powder affected the product’s qualities such as color, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. Sensory evaluation of the products, in the form of turmeric tea, revealed that powder containing a level of curcuminoid of 411.28µg/g had the highest acceptance score. It also exhibited high water solubility (15g/100 ml). The total phenolic content and antioxidant capability of the product with the highest acceptance score was 13.27 as mg GAE/g and 14.46 as mg BHAE/g, respectively. The powder had a total plate count of yeast and mold <10 cfu/g and no pathogenic microorganisms were found. Storage of the powder in an aluminum foil bag at room temperature for four months only slightly changed the curcuminoid content, indicating the high stability of the product.
    [Show full text]