DOCSLIB.ORG

Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), Southern India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), Southern India Asian Elephant in Kalakad - Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), southern India Habitat Usage Pattern and Conservation of Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) in a Compact Evergreen Elephant Habitat Surendra varma Asian Elephant Research & Conservation Centre (AERCC- a Division of Asian Nature Conservation Foundation-ANCF), C/o Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Asian Elephant in Kalakad - Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), southern India Habitat Usage Pattern and Conservation of Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) in a Compact Evergreen Elephant Habitat Surendra varma Asian Elephant Research & Conservation Centre (AERCC- a Division of Asian Nature Conservation Foundation-ANCF), C/o Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Suggested Citation: Varma, S. (2001). Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in Kalakad - Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), southern India; habitat usage pattern and conservation of Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) in a compact evergreen elephant habitat. Asian Elephant Research & Conservation Centre (A Division of Asian Nature Foundation), C/o Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this publication for educational or non-commercial purposes is permitted without any prior permission provided the source is fully acknowledged and appropriate credit is given. Reproduction for commercial purposes is permissible with the written permission of the copyright holders. Requests for permissions should be addressed to Asian Elephant Research & Conservation Centre (AERCC- a Division of Asian Nature Conservation Foundation- ANCF), C/o Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. Copyright © AERCC-2001 Photo Credits: all photographs: Surendra Varma Note; Figure3, 16a, 17 and 19 are not from the landscape, but are mean to show an endangered species and the conservation problems of the region) Preface 1 Acknowledgements 2 Abstract 3 Introduction and objectives 4 Survey area 4 Locations and geography 4 Flora and fauna and human communities 6 Survey methodology 7 Results 9 Elephant status, number, distribution, movement and habitat usage pattern 9 Main elephant areas in KMTR 10 Dung encounter rates in survey routes and elephant density for the reserve 10 Distribution and habitat usage pattern of elephants in KMTR 10 Dung encounter rates in each habitat type 13 Dung encounter and altitude 14 Elephant distribution in response to food availability 15 Elephant distribution in different ranges of KMTR 16 Mundunthurai 17 Kalakkadu 18 Kadayam 18 Kodyar 18 Ambai 19 Trirukarangudi 19 Elephant and habitat conservation problems in KMTR 20 Human-elephant conflict 20 Elephant deaths 21 Pressures on the forest 21 Cattle grazing 21 Forest fire 22 Timber extraction 22 NTFP collection 24 Tourists and pilgrims 24 Enclaves, hydroelectric projects, tea, coffee and cardamom estates and enclosures 24 Other disturbances 25 Conservation goals 25 Conclusion 28 References 28 Table 1.Elephant sightings through direct and indirect sightings in KMTR for various months 30 Table 2. Route surveyed, distance covered, number of dung piles encountered and number of dung piles found for different habitats in KMTR 31 Table 3. Distance covered, number, encounter rate and sighting interval of dung piles for different management zones of KMTR 32 Appendix 1. Route surveyed, distance covered, number of dung piles encountered, encounter rate, sighting interval and encounter rate of dung piles of different stage in KMTR. 33 Preface Kalakkad - Mundunthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) is situated in the southern end of Western Ghats in Ashambu hills, with an area of 895 km2. It is biologically rich and known for high endemism. The rich forests of the reserve form the catchments for many rivers and streams. The area is also unique as it has 5 primate species and is the home of the Nilgiri Tahr, a mountain goat endemic to the Western Ghats. KMTR is believed to support about 100 Asian elephants; however their status is not well known. The main objective of the investigation was to document the status of the Asian elephant, its distribution, movement, migratory routes and habitat management related information across the reserve. The study also demonstrates the value of short term, but rapid surveys in understanding the spatial pattern of distribution of Asian elephant and its habitat usage pattern in this compact evergreen elephant habitat The survey was carried out meeting experienced research scholars, forest staff and local people and review of earlier studies or information of past elephant sightings, habitat usage pattern, through ground survey of a number of routes (trails) across the reserve,. This investigation led to develop details such as elephant number, distribution, movement and habitat usage pattern, elephant areas in KMTR and elephant distribution in response to altitude range, food availability and within different ranges of KMTR. Some basic insights on elephant and habitat conservation problems, such as human-elephant conflict, pressures on the forest and the enclaves, hydroelectric projects, tea, coffee and cardamom estates and enclosures within the Reserve were also identified. The document may also become a source of monitoring and comparing the elephant status and conservation issues the species faces in this compact evergreen elephant habitat across the years. 1 Acknowledgements Tamil Nadu Forest Department granted permission to carry out the survey in KMTR. Mr. V.K Melkani Conservator of Forest, Deputy Director of Tiger Reserve and all the Range Officers and other forest staff provided valuable assistance to complete the work. Support from Environment Activists Society of Tirunelveli, particularly, Dr. Albert Rajendran, Dr. V. Chelladurai and Mr. Venkateshwaran are greatly acknowledged. Rauf Ali, T. R Shankar Raman, Soubadra Devey, T. Ganesh, T. R. Ganesh, N.M Ishwar, Divya Mudappa, Vinatha Vishwanathan and Justus Joshua for their valuable assistance in all aspect of the survey. Meena Venkataraman, T.N.C. Vidya, Cheryl Nath, Ratna Ghosal Nandita Mondal, Sharmishta Sarkar Thomas Mathew and Joshua David read through the article and provided meaningful comments. Robin Vijayan provided initial GIS support. R. Saandeep and Anisha Thapa offered comprehensive GIS support. Two anonymous experts provided their comments and suggestion to improve the quality of the earlier version of the some sections of the document. 2 Abstract The study demonstrates the value of short term, but rapid surveys in understanding the spatial pattern of distribution of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and its habitat usage pattern in Kalakad - Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), Western Ghats, southern India. The investigation reviews overall status, distribution, human-elephant conflict and other elephant and habitat related conservation problems in the reserve. The survey was based on the insights of past elephant sightings, habitat usage pattern, through ground survey of a number of routes (trails) across the reserve, meeting experienced research scholars, forest staff and local people and review of earlier studies. The past elephant census estimated a number of 107 elephants (1991) and 138 (1997) elephants for the reserve. An average group size of 8 (SE: 1.15, CV: 18.7%), ranged from 1 to 23, elephants was predicted for the reserve. Results indicated that the elephant use the habitat uniformly throughout the reserve since encounter rates of elephant signs were found to be similar for most of the routes surveyed. However, the data on fresh dung piles, indicative of elephant presence at any given point of time and space, pointed to a clumped distribution. With respect to habitat use, 60% of elephant signs were recorded in the evergreen forests, 13% in grasslands and 12% in evergreen and reed belts. However, a comparison of dung density indicates a significant difference (p < .0000) across the habitats and the elephant densities appear to be more in the grasslands. The elevation of the reserve ranged from 40 to 1867 m, however elephant presence was limited to altitudes ranging from 300-1300 m, out of which 90% was restricted to altitudes ranging between 600 and 1200m. Specific knowledge of range wise elephant status and habitat usage was important as some of the ranges have very crucial elephant habitats, and some ranges report human-elephant conflict. All the 7 ranges of the reserve report elephants and the number of their sightings is more in Kodayar and Mundanthurai. Free movement of elephants across ranges could be noticed and for Kadayam the movement of elephants is not direct but through neighboring Kerala State due to the steep nature of the terrain. Within the park, elephant-human conflict was minimal, however, at the foothills, it was relatively higher. Cattle grazing, forest fire, damage due to timber extraction in the past, developmental activities such as hydroelectric and irrigation projects and presence of human settlements, plantations of tea, coffee and cardamom etc. appear to cause habitat fragmentation and resultant disturbance in the area. Based on the findings on elephant distribution and the existing pressures on the habitat, certain recommendations for management and conservation of elephants within and outside the reserve have been suggested. 3 Introduction and objectives The elephants in southern India are distributed in eight distinct sub-regions of the Western and Eastern Ghats
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eco-Hydrology and Chemical Pollution of Western Ghats
    Eco-hydrology and Chemical Pollution of Western Ghats Dr.Mathew Koshy M..Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D. Reader and Research Guide in Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara.Kerala Eco-hydrology Eco-hydrology is a new integrative science that involves finding solutions to issues surrounding water, people, and the environment. One of the fundamental concepts involved in eco-hydrology is that the timing and availability of freshwater is intimately linked to ecosystem processes, and the goods and services provided by fresh waters to societies. This means that emphasis is placed on the hydrological cycle and its effects on ecological processes and human well-being. Limnology Limnology is the science that deals with the physical, chemical and biological properties and features of fresh waters. A professional who studies fresh water systems is a limnologist. Lotic System: The lotic environment is consisting of all inland waters in which entire water body continually flows in a definite direction. etc. rivers streams. Lentic system: The lentic environment has been including all inland waters in which water has been not continually flowing in a definite direction. Standing waters Western Ghats The Western Ghats hill range extends along the west coast of India, covering an area of 160,000 square kilometers. The presence of these hills creates major precipitation gradients that strongly influence regional climate, hydrology and the distribution of vegetation types and endemic plants. Biodiversity Although the total area is less than 6 percent of the land area of India, the Western Ghats contains more than 30 percent of all plant, fish, fauna, bird, and mammal species found in India.
    [Show full text]
  • SNO APP.No Name Contact Address Reason 1 AP-1 K
    SNO APP.No Name Contact Address Reason 1 AP-1 K. Pandeeswaran No.2/545, Then Colony, Vilampatti Post, Intercaste Marriage certificate not enclosed Sivakasi, Virudhunagar – 626 124 2 AP-2 P. Karthigai Selvi No.2/545, Then Colony, Vilampatti Post, Only one ID proof attached. Sivakasi, Virudhunagar – 626 124 3 AP-8 N. Esakkiappan No.37/45E, Nandhagopalapuram, Above age Thoothukudi – 628 002. 4 AP-25 M. Dinesh No.4/133, Kothamalai Road,Vadaku Only one ID proof attached. Street,Vadugam Post,Rasipuram Taluk, Namakkal – 637 407. 5 AP-26 K. Venkatesh No.4/47, Kettupatti, Only one ID proof attached. Dokkupodhanahalli, Dharmapuri – 636 807. 6 AP-28 P. Manipandi 1stStreet, 24thWard, Self attestation not found in the enclosures Sivaji Nagar, and photo Theni – 625 531. 7 AP-49 K. Sobanbabu No.10/4, T.K.Garden, 3rdStreet, Korukkupet, Self attestation not found in the enclosures Chennai – 600 021. and photo 8 AP-58 S. Barkavi No.168, Sivaji Nagar, Veerampattinam, Community Certificate Wrongly enclosed Pondicherry – 605 007. 9 AP-60 V.A.Kishor Kumar No.19, Thilagar nagar, Ist st, Kaladipet, Only one ID proof attached. Thiruvottiyur, Chennai -600 019 10 AP-61 D.Anbalagan No.8/171, Church Street, Only one ID proof attached. Komathimuthupuram Post, Panaiyoor(via) Changarankovil Taluk, Tirunelveli, 627 761. 11 AP-64 S. Arun kannan No. 15D, Poonga Nagar, Kaladipet, Only one ID proof attached. Thiruvottiyur, Ch – 600 019 12 AP-69 K. Lavanya Priyadharshini No, 35, A Block, Nochi Nagar, Mylapore, Only one ID proof attached. Chennai – 600 004 13 AP-70 G.
    [Show full text]
  • Tamil Nadu Government Gazette
    © [Regd. No. TN/CCN/467/2012-14. GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU [R. Dis. No. 197/2009. 2013 [Price: Rs. 54.80 Paise. TAMIL NADU GOVERNMENT GAZETTE PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No. 41] CHENNAI, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2013 Aippasi 6, Vijaya, Thiruvalluvar Aandu–2044 Part VI—Section 4 Advertisements by private individuals and private institutions CONTENTS PRIVATE ADVERTISEMENTS Pages Change of Names .. 2893-3026 Notice .. 3026-3028 NOTICE NO LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IS ACCEPTED FOR THE PUBLICATION OF ADVERTISEMENTS REGARDING CHANGE OF NAME IN THE TAMIL NADU GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. PERSONS NOTIFYING THE CHANGES WILL REMAIN SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE LEGAL CONSEQUENCES AND ALSO FOR ANY OTHER MISREPRESENTATION, ETC. (By Order) Director of Stationery and Printing. CHANGE OF NAMES 43888. My son, D. Ramkumar, born on 21st October 1997 43891. My son, S. Antony Thommai Anslam, born on (native district: Madurai), residing at No. 4/81C, Lakshmi 20th March 1999 (native district: Thoothukkudi), residing at Mill, West Colony, Kovilpatti, Thoothukkudi-628 502, shall Old No. 91/2, New No. 122, S.S. Manickapuram, Thoothukkudi henceforth be known as D. RAAMKUMAR. Town and Taluk, Thoothukkudi-628 001, shall henceforth be G. DHAMODARACHAMY. known as S. ANSLAM. Thoothukkudi, 7th October 2013. (Father.) M. v¯ð¡. Thoothukkudi, 7th October 2013. (Father.) 43889. I, S. Salma Banu, wife of Thiru S. Shahul Hameed, born on 13th September 1975 (native district: Mumbai), 43892. My son, G. Sanjay Somasundaram, born residing at No. 184/16, North Car Street, on 4th July 1997 (native district: Theni), residing Vickiramasingapuram, Tirunelveli-627 425, shall henceforth at No. 1/190-1, Vasu Nagar 1st Street, Bank be known as S SALMA.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Works Department Irrigation
    PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT IRRIGATION Demand No - 40 N.T.P. SUPPLIED BY THE DEPARTMENT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT CENTRAL PRESS, CHENNAI - 600 079. POLICY NOTE 2015 - 2016 O. PANNEERSELVAM MINISTER FOR FINANCE AND PUBLIC WORKS © Government of Tamil Nadu 2015 INDEX Sl. No. Subject Page 3.4. Dam Rehabilitation and 41 Sl. No. Subject Page Improvement Project 1.0. 1 (DRIP) 1.1.Introduction 1 4.0. Achievements on 45 Irrigation Infrastructure 1.2. 2 During Last Four Years 1.3. Surface Water Potential 4 4.1. Inter-Linking of Rivers in 54 1.4. Ground Water Potential 5 the State 1.5. Organisation 5 4.2. Artificial Recharge 63 Arrangement Structures 2.0. Historic Achievements 24 4.3. New Anicuts and 72 3.0. Memorable 27 Regulators Achievements 4.4. Formation of New Tanks 74 3.1. Schemes inaugurated by 27 / Ponds the Hon’ble Chief 4.5. Formation of New 76 Minister through video Canals / Supply conferencing on Channels 08.06.2015 4.6. Formation of New Check 81 3.2. Tamil Nadu Water 31 dams / Bed dams / Resources Consolidation Grade walls Project (TNWRCP) 4.7. Rehabilitation of Anicuts 104 3.3. Irrigated Agriculture 40 4.8. Rehabilitation of 113 Modernisation and Regulators Water-bodies Restoration and 4.9. Rehabilitation of canals 119 Management and supply channels (IAMWARM) Project Sl. No. Subject Page Sl. No. Subject Page 4.10. Renovation of Tanks 131 5.0. Road Map for Vision 200 4.11. Flood Protection Works 144 2023 4.12. Coastal Protection 153 5.1. Vision Document for 201 Works Tamil Nadu 2023 4.13.
    [Show full text]
  • Pappankulam – a Village of Brahmins and Four Vedas
    1 Pappankulam – A Village of Brahmins and Four Vedas - Shanmugam P Blogger, poet and the author of “The Truth About Spiritual Enlightenment: Bridging Science, Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta” and “Discovering God: Bridging Christianity, Hinduism and Islam” Blogs: http://nellaishanmugam.wordpress.com (English) ​ ​ http://poemsofshanmugam.wordpress.com (Tamil) ​ ​ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwOJcU0o7xIy1L663hoxzZw/ ​ 2 Introduction This short ebook is about a small south Indian village called ‘Pappankulam’ which has many temples and interesting stories associated with it. This ebook includes deep in depth research on the origins of the myths. This ebook will try to answer the following questions: 1) Why was the Indian society divided into four varnas? 2) Were Shudras (working class) denied access to Vedic study? If so, why? 3) Who is a Brahmin? 4) Why did Rama kill Shambuka, a Shudra ascetic? 5) What is Svadharma? 6) What is the essential message of Vedas? The pdf has links to many important posts that I have written in the past three years. By going through all of them, you can get the complete picture when it comes to the history of religions. (The content of this free ebook has also been published online in my blog at Pappankulam – A ​ Village of Brahmins and Four Vedas ) ​ - Shanmugam P 3 Table of Contents Pappankulam – A Village of Brahmins and Four Vedas 1 Introduction 2 Pappankulam - A Land Donated to a Brahmin 5 Goddess Saraswati and the Curse of the sage Durvasa 8 Vada Kalai Nayagi - The Goddess of arts 10 The Confluence
    [Show full text]
  • Tirunelveli District
    CLASSIFY THE TOTAL NO OF VULNERABLE LOCATIONS IN THE FOLLOWING CATEGORY TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT Highly Moderately Less Total No.of Sl. No. Taluk Vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnearable Location 1 Tirunelveli - - 1 6 7 2 Palayamkottai - 6 9 9 24 3 Manur - - - - 0 4 Sankarankovil - 3 - - 3 5 Tenkasi - - 2 - 2 6 Kadayanallur - 1 - - 1 7 Tiruvenkadam - - - 4 4 8 Shencottai - 3 - - 3 9 Alangulam - - 1 5 6 10 Veerakeralampudur - 5 2 - 7 11 Sivagiri - - 4 2 6 12 Ambasamudram - 3 2 6 11 13 Cheranmahadevi - 1 1 - 2 14 Nanguneri - - - 4 4 15 Radhapuram 11 22 2 10 45 Grand Total 11 44 24 46 125 District :TIRUNELVELI Highly Vulnerable Type of Local Body (Village Panchayat/Town S.No Name of the Location Name of the Local Body Panchayat/ Municipalities and Corporation) 1 Kannanallur Kannanallur(V) Kannanallur(Panchayat) 2 Chithur Kannanallur(V) Kannanallur(Panchayat) 3 Chinnammalpuram Anaikulam(V) Anaikulam Panchayat 4 Thulukarpatti Anaikulam(V) Anaikulam Panchayat 5 Thalavarmani Anaikulam(V) Anaikulam Panchayat 6 Mailaputhur Melur Anaikulam(V) Anaikulam Panchayat 7 Mailaputhur Keezhoor Anaikulam(V) Anaikulam Panchayat 8 Kovankulam Kovankulam(V) Kovankulam Panchayat Kovaneri,Kumaraputhurkudieruppu, 9 Vadakuvallioor Part I Vadakkuvallioor Town Panchayat Kottaiyadi 10 Main Road - Vallioor Vadakuvallioor Part I Vadakkuvallioor Town Panchayat 11 Nambiyar vilai Vadakuvallioor Part I Vadakkuvallioor Town Panchayat Vulnerable Type of Local Body (Village Panchayat/Town S.No Name of the Location Name of the Local Body Panchayat/ Municipalities
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Smart City- an Introduction
    1 | P a g e Table of Contents 3.1. Citizen Engagement ................................................................... 23 1. Smart City- An Introduction ................................................................. 4 3.2. Developing Smart City Vision .................................................... 26 1.2. Our Core Philosophy ......................................................................... 5 4. Identifying Sectors for Improvement .................................................... 36 1.3. Approach and Methodology ............................................................. 6 5. Pan City Initiative ................................................................................... 38 2. City Profile ............................................................................................ 8 5.1. Employment .............................................................................. 39 2.1. About the City- An Overview ....................................................... 8 5.2. Emergency Response and Monitoring System (EMRS) ............. 43 2.2. History .......................................................................................... 8 5.3. Integrated Water Management Systems ....................................... 45 2.3. Geography .................................................................................... 9 5.3.1. Water Quality Management System ..................................... 52 2.4. Climate and Rainfall ................................................................... 10 6. Area
    [Show full text]
  • Home Tamilnadu Map Tirunelveli District Profile Print TIRUNELVELI
    3/6/2017 Home TamilNadu Map Tirunelveli District Profile Print TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT PROFILE • Tirunelveli district is bounded by Virudhunagar district in the north, Thoothukudi district in the east, in the south by Gulf of Mannar and by Kerala State in the west and Kanniyakumari in the southwest. • The District lies between 08º08'09’’N to 09º24'30’’N Latitude, 77º08'30’’E to 77º58'30’’E Longitude and has an areal extent of 6810 sq.km. • There are 19 Blocks, 425 Villages and 2579 Habitations in the District. Physiography and Drainage: • Tirunelveli district falls in Tamiraparani river basin, which is the main river of the district. • The river has a large network of tributaries which includes the Peyar, Ullar, Karaiyar, Servalar, Pampar, Manimuthar, Varahanathi, Ramanathi, Jambunathi, Gadana nathi, Kallar, Karunaiyar, Pachaiyar, Chittar, Gundar, Aintharuviar, Hanumanathi, Karuppanathi and Aluthakanniar draining the district. • The river Tamiraparani originates from the hills in the west and enters Thoothukudi District and finally confluences in Bay of Bengal. • The other two rivers draining the district are river Nambiar and Hanumanathi of Nanguneri taluk in the south that are not part of the Tamiraparani river basin. • The small part of the district in the northern part falls in river Vaippar basin. Rainfall: The average annual rainfall and the 5 years rainfall collected from IMD, Chennai is as follows: Acutal Rainfall in mm Normal Rainfall in mm 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 896.90 724.00 918.20 1348.50 1546.80 845.10 Geology: Rock Type Geological
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study in the Tambraparani Irrigation System
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk at papers similar and citation metadata, View by you to brought CORE ResearchReport Economics in Papers Research by provided WaterDistributionRules andWaterDistribution Performance:ACaseStudyinthe TambraparaniIrrigationSystem JeffreyD.Brewer,R.Sakthivadivel, andK.V.Raju INTERNATIONALIRRIGATIONMANAGEMENTINSTITUTE POBox2075Colombo,SriLanka Tel(94-1)867404•Fax(94-1)866854•[email protected] InternetHomePagehttp://www.cgiar.org ISBN92-9090-343-0 ISSN1026-0862 Research Reports IIMI’s mission is to improve food security and the lives of poor people by fostering sus- tainable increases in the productivity of water used in agriculture through better manage- ment of irrigation and water basin systems. With its headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka, IIMI conducts a worldwide research and capacity-building program to improve water re- sources and irrigation management through better technologies, policies, institutions, and management. The publications in this series cover a wide range of subjects—from computer mod- eling to experience with water users associations—and vary in content from directly ap- plicable research to more basic studies, on which applied work ultimately depends. Some research reports are narrowly focused, analytical, and detailed empirical studies; others are wide-ranging and synthetic overviews of generic problems. Although most of the reports are published by IIMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IIMI’s own staff and Fellows, and by external reviewers. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (http://www.cgiar.org/iimi) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files.
    [Show full text]
  • AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT Tamil Nadu Inland Fisheries Lease
    AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT Tamil Nadu Inland Fisheries Lease & Licence Rules, 1972 (G.O.Ms.No.1749, Agriculture, 21st June 1972) (Published in Supplement to part V of Tamil Nadu Government Gazette, Dated 19th July (Issue No. 28-A) S.R.O. No. A-610 of 1972 In exercise of the powers conferred by section 6 of the Indian Fisheries Act, 1897 (Central Act 4 of 1897) and in supersession of the rules published with the late Development Noitification No.138, Dated the 16th April 1929, published at pages 746-748 of part 1 of the Fort St.George Gazette, dated the 23rd April 1929, as subsequently amended, and with the Agriculture Department Notification, dated the 14th March 1955, published at page 133 of the Rules Supplement to part 1 of the Fort St.George Gazette, dated the 27th April 1955, and with the late Development Department Notification, dated the 14th November 1950, published at the pages 491-492 of the Rules Supplement to part 1 of the Fort St.George Gazette, dated the 5th December 1950, as subsequently amended, the Governer if Tamil Nadu hereby makes the Tamil Nadu Inland Fisheries Lease and Licence Rules, the same having been previously published for general information as required by sub-section (6) of the said Act. RULES 1. Short title: These rules may be called the Tamil Nadu Inland Fisheries Lease and Licence Rules, 1972. 2. Prohibition of fishing without lease or licence in waters under control of Fisheries Department: No person shall take any fish from the waters specified in Annexure-1 except under a lease or licence granted by the Government or by such authority as may be authorized by them in the form and in accordance with the conditions specidied in the appendix to Annexure-1 of these rules which may be suitably modified or amended from time to time as required.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Works Department
    1 Public Works Department Irrigations and Buildings Policy Note 2003-2004 Demand No. 38 INDEX Sl.No. Subject Introduction 1. Irrigation 2. State Plan schemes (Medium and Minor Irrigation) 3. Tamilnadu Water Resources Consolidation Project 4. Rehabilitation of 620 MI Tanks in Palar, Tambaraparani and Vaigai Basins under Water Resources Consolidation Project 5. Modernisation and Irrigation Management of MI Tanks in Tamilnadu with Loan Assistance of NABARD. 6. Anti-Sea Erosion Works 7. Integrated Tribal Development Programme 8. Hill Area Development Programme 9. Western Ghat Development Programme 10. Desilting and Rehabilitation of tanks and channels in Tamilnadu 11. Modernisation of Cauvery Delta 12. Cauvery Water Dispute 13. Krishna Water Supply Project 14. New Veeranam Project 15. Parambikulam Aliyar Project (Renewal of Agreement) 16. Pandiyar Punnampuzha Project 17. Peninsular Rivers Development Component of National Perspective Plan Mahanadhi - Godhavari - Krishna Pennar - Cauvery - Vaigai - Gundar Links. 18. State Ground and Surface Water Resources Data Centre 19. Dam Safety Assurance and Rehabilitation Project 20. Chennai City Water Ways 21. Irrigation Management Training Institute 22. Institute for Water Studies 23. Tamil Nadu Boiler Inspectorate 24. Buildings Organisation 2 INTRODUCTION I have great pleasure in presenting before this august House the Demand under “Irrigation and Buildings” of the Public Works Department, which is one of the oldest and prestigious Departments of the Government of Tamil Nadu. Public Works Department is in charge of formulating and implementing Major, Medium and Minor Irrigation Schemes, Operation and Maintenance of Irrigation Systems and Construction and Maintenance of Buildings for State Government Departments and Agencies. The Public Works Department has been reorganized to have two wings, viz.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Ghats
    Western Ghats From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Sahyadri" redirects here. For other uses, see Sahyadri (disambiguation). Western Ghats Sahyadri सहहदररद Western Ghats as seen from Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu Highest point Peak Anamudi (Eravikulam National Park) Elevation 2,695 m (8,842 ft) Coordinates 10°10′N 77°04′E Coordinates: 10°10′N 77°04′E Dimensions Length 1,600 km (990 mi) N–S Width 100 km (62 mi) E–W Area 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi) Geography The Western Ghats lie roughly parallel to the west coast of India Country India States List[show] Settlements List[show] Biome Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Geology Period Cenozoic Type of rock Basalt and Laterite UNESCO World Heritage Site Official name: Natural Properties - Western Ghats (India) Type Natural Criteria ix, x Designated 2012 (36th session) Reference no. 1342 State Party India Region Indian subcontinent The Western Ghats are a mountain range that runs almost parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, located entirely in India. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the eight "hottest hotspots" of biological diversity in the world.[1][2] It is sometimes called the Great Escarpment of India.[3] The range runs north to south along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, and separates the plateau from a narrow coastal plain, called Konkan, along the Arabian Sea. A total of thirty nine properties including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests were designated as world heritage sites - twenty in Kerala, ten in Karnataka, five in Tamil Nadu and four in Maharashtra.[4][5] The range starts near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra, south of the Tapti river, and runs approximately 1,600 km (990 mi) through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu ending at Kanyakumari, at the southern tip of India.
    [Show full text]