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2000 HSS/PSA Program 1
HISTORY OF SCIENCE SOCIETY 2000 ANNUAL MEETING PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE ASSOCIATION 2000 BIANNUAL MEETING 2-5 November 2000 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Hyatt Regency Vancouver CONTENTS Acknowledgments 3 HSS Officers, Program Chairs, and Council 4 PSA Officers and Program Committee 5 General Information 6 HSS / PSA 2000 Annual Meeting Book Exhibit Layout 7 Floor Plans: Hyatt Regency Vancouver 8-9 Vancouver Points of Interest 10-13 Committees and Interest Groups 14-15 HSS Full Program Schedule 16-20 HSS 2000 Program 21-43 HSS Distinguished Lecture 40 HSS Abstracts 44-187 PSA Full Program Schedule 188-190 PSA 2000 Program 191-202 PSA President’s Address 197 PSA Abstracts 203-245 HSS/PSA Program Index 246-252 Advertisements 253 Cover Illustration: SeaBus riders get the best view of Vancouver from the water. Offering regular service on the busiest routes from 5 a.m. to 2 a.m. and late night owl service on some downtown suburban routes until 4:20 a.m., Greater Vancouver’s transit system--the bus, SkyTrain and SeaBus-- covers more than 1800 square kilometers (695 square miles) of the Lower Mainland. The SkyTrain, a completely automated light rapid transit system, offers direct, efficient service between downtown Vancouver and suburban environs. It follows a scenic elevated 29 kilometer (18 mile) route with 20 stations along the way. All the SkyTrain stations, except Granville, have elevators and each train is wheelchair accessible. The SkyTrain links with buses at most of the 20 stations and connects with the SeaBus in downtown Vancouver. It operates daily, every two to five minutes. -
1. Canongate 1.1. Background Canongate's Close Proximity to The
Edinburgh Graveyards Project: Documentary Survey For Canongate Kirkyard --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Canongate 1.1. Background Canongate’s close proximity to the Palace of Holyroodhouse, which is situated at the eastern end of Canongate Burgh, has been influential on both the fortunes of the Burgh and the establishment of Canongate Kirk. In 1687, King James VII declared that the Abbey Church of Holyroodhouse was to be used as the chapel for the re-established Order of the Thistle and for the performance of Catholic rites when the Royal Court was in residence at Holyrood. The nave of this chapel had been used by the Burgh of Canongate as a place of Protestant worship since the Reformation in the mid sixteenth century, but with the removal of access to the Abbey Church to practise their faith, the parishioners of Canongate were forced to find an alternative venue in which to worship. Fortunately, some 40 years before this edict by James VII, funds had been bequeathed to the inhabitants of Canongate to erect a church in the Burgh - and these funds had never been spent. This money was therefore used to build Canongate Kirk and a Kirkyard was laid out within its grounds shortly after building work commenced in 1688. 1 Development It has been ruminated whether interments may have occurred on this site before the construction of the Kirk or the landscaping of the Kirkyard2 as all burial rights within the church had been removed from the parishioners of the Canongate in the 1670s, when the Abbey Church had became the chapel of the King.3 The earliest known plan of the Kirkyard dates to 1765 (Figure 1), and depicts a rectilinear area on the northern side of Canongate burgh with arboreal planting 1 John Gifford et al., Edinburgh, The Buildings of Scotland: Pevsner Architectural Guides (London : Penguin, 1991). -
1 What Is Pathology? James C
1 What is pathology? James C. E. Underwood History of pathology 4 Making diagnoses 9 Morbid anatomy 4 Diagnostic pathology 9 Microscopic and cellular pathology 4 Autopsies 9 Molecular pathology 5 Pathology, patients and populations 9 Cellular and molecular alterations in disease 5 Causes and agents of disease 9 Scope of pathology 5 The health of a nation 9 Clinical pathology 5 Preventing disability and premature death 9 Techniques of pathology 5 Pathology and personalised medicine 10 Learning pathology 7 Disease mechanisms 7 Systematic pathology 7 Building knowledge and understanding 8 Pathology in the problem-oriented integrated medical curriculum 8 3 PatHOLOGY, PatIENTS AND POPULatIONS 1 Keywords disease diagnosis pathology history 3.e1 1 WHat IS patHOLOGY? Of all the clinical disciplines, pathology is the one that most Table 1.1 Historical relationship between the hypothetic directly reflects the demystification of the human body that has causes of disease and the dependence on techniques for made medicine so effective and so humane. It expresses the truth their elucidation underpinning scientific medicine, the inhuman truth of the human body, and disperses the mist of evasion that characterises folk Techniques medicine and everyday thinking about sickness and health. Hypothetical supporting causal From: Hippocratic Oaths by Raymond Tallis cause of disease hypothesis Period Animism None Primitive, although Pathology is the scientific study of disease. Pathology the ideas persist in comprises scientific knowledge and diagnostic methods some cultures essential, first, for understanding diseases and their causes and, second, for their effective prevention and treatment. Magic None Primitive, although Pathology embraces the functional and structural changes the ideas persist in in disease, from the molecular level to the effects on the some cultures individual patient, and is continually developing as new research illuminates our knowledge of disease. -
Rudolf Virchow's Medical School Dissertation on Rheumatism And
SPECIAL ARTICLE Rudolf Virchow’s Medical School Dissertation on Rheumatism and the Cornea: Overlooked Tribute to the Cornea in Biomedical Research Curtis E. Margo, MD, MPH,*† and Lynn E. Harman, MD* theory to scientific-based concepts dealing with the cell.1,2 Purpose: ’ To critique Rudolf Virchow s medical school dissertation The event that usually marks this transition was a series on rheumatism and the cornea and to determine whether it might of biweekly lectures delivered at the Pathological Institute have anticipated his remarkable career in medicine. of the University of Berlin. From February through 3 Methods: Review of the English translation of Rudolf Virchow’s April 1858, Virchow introduced his doctrine of cellular de Rheumate Praesertim Corneae written in 1843. pathology, casting aside generations of conjecture about the nature of illness with the observation that the true Results: The dissertation was more than 7000 words long. Virchow nexus of disease resides in the chemical and physical considered rheumatism as an irritant disorder not induced by acid as activities of cells. Virchow used transcripts of these traditionally thought but by albumin. He concluded that inflamma- lectures to write his landmark text Cellular Pathology, tion was secondary to a primary irritant and that the “seat” of published later that year. The thesis of Cellular Pathology rheumatism was “gelatinous” (connective) tissues, which included was expressed so clearly and forcefully that popular the cornea. He divided kerato-rheumatism into different varieties. theories such as vitalism and humoral pathology were The prognosis of keratitis was variable, and would eventually lapse doomed to irrelevance. into “scrofulosis, syphilis, or arthritis of the cornea.” Although he was just 37 years old when he wrote Cellular Pathology, Virchow had become the leading voice Conclusions: ’ Virchow s dissertation characterizes rheumatism in in European medicine (Fig. -
A Note from History: Microscopic Contributions of Pioneer Pathologists
Available online at www.annclinlabsci.org Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science, vol. 41, no. 2, 2011 201 A Note from History: Microscopic Contributions of Pioneer Pathologists Steven I. Hajdu Keywords: history of pathology, history of medicine, history of science, history of microscopy The microscope, such an integral part of with the microscope, physicians in the 17th and pathology today, was only reluctantly accepted 18th centuries were occupied with correlating by physicians at the time of its invention clinical and autopsy findings by naked eye in 1590. After the Dutch Zacharias Janssen examinations [5]. Although the term pathology invented the compound microscope by was introduced by the French physician Fernel combining convex lenses in a tube, Holland and (1497-1558) in 1554 [6], there were only Italy became centers for the production and use sporadic suggestions of using the microscope of the new instrument. The name “microscope” for pathologic studies [7,8]. Two of the greatest was first suggested in 1625 by Faber a botanist. autopsy pathologists, the Swiss Boneti (1620- Early users of the microscope in Italy included: 1689) and the Italian Morgagni (1682-1771) Galileo, an astronomer and physicist, Stelluti, never used a microscope. Later on, astute a naturalist, Fontana, an astronomer, Faber, a pathologists such as the French Bichat (1771- botanists, Spallanzani, a biologist, Kirche, a 1802), the English Baillie (1761-1823) and the Jesuit priest, and two physicians, Borelli and Austrian Rokitansky (1804-1878), continued Malpighi [1]. to make their pathologic observations the traditional way, purely by gross examination By the time the classical period of microscopy of diseased organs and tissues [9]. -
Cold War Scrapbook Compiled by Frances Mckenney, Assistant Managing Editor
Cold War Scrapbook Compiled by Frances McKenney, Assistant Managing Editor The peace following World War II was short- lived. Soviet forces never went home, kept occupied areas under domination, and threatened free nations worldwide. By 1946, Winston Churchill had declared, “An iron curtain has descended across the conti- nent.” Thus began a 45-year struggle between the diametrically opposed worldviews of the US and the Soviet Union. In 1948, the USSR cut off land access to free West Berlin, launch- ing the first major “battle” of the Cold War: the Berlin Airlift. Through decades of changes in strategy, tactics, locations, and technology, the Air Force was at the forefront. The Soviet Union was contained, and eventually, freedom won out. Bentwaters. Bitburg. Clark. Loring. Soes- terberg. Suwon. Wurtsmith—That so many Cold War bases are no longer USAF instal- lations is a tribute to how the airmen there did their jobs. While with the 333rd Tactical Fighter Training Squadron at Davis-Monthan AFB, Ariz., in 1975, Capt. Thomas McKee asked a friend to take this “hero shot” of him with an A-7. McKee flew the Corsair II as part of Tactical Air Command, at Myrtle Beach AFB, S.C. He was AFA National President and Chairman of the Board (1998-2002). Assigned to the 1st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron, Beale AFB, Calif., RSO Maj. Thomas Veltri (right) and Maj. Duane Noll prepare for an SR-71 mission from RAF Mildenhall, UK, in the mid- 1980s. Veltri’s most memora- ble Blackbird sortie: “We lost an engine in the Baltic, north of Gotland Island, and ended up at 25,000 feet, with a dozen MiGs chasing us.” Retired Lt. -
Suzanne Fischer Dissertation
Diseases of Men: Sexual Health and Medical Expertise in Advertising Medical Institutes, 1900-1930 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Suzanne Michelle Fischer IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Sally Gregory Kohlstedt August, 2009 © Suzanne Fischer 2009 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. i Acknowledgements Many thanks to my advisor, Sally Gregory Kohlstedt and the members of my committee for their assistance. Thanks also to Susan Jones, Mike Sappol and others who provided guidance. Many archivists and librarians assisted my research, including Christopher Hoolihan at the Miner Medical Library, Elaine Challacombe and Jim Curley at the Wangensteen Historical Library, Elizabeth Ihrig at the Bakken, and the staff of the Archives of the American Medical Association. Many thanks to my father and to my late mother. Members of DAWGs, the Dissertation and Writers Group, including Susan Rensing, Margot Iverson, Juliet Burba, Don Opitz, Hyung Wook Park, Gina Rumore, Rachel Mason Dentinger, Erika Dirkse, Amy Fisher and Mike Ziemko provided helpful commentary. Many friends, including Katherine Blauvelt, Micah Ludeke, Mary Tasillo, Megan Kocher, Meghan Lafferty, Cari Anderson, Christine Manganaro and Josh Guttmacher provided support and dinner. And endless gratitude to my greatest Friend. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of my mother, Barbara Fischer. -
PASSAGES of MEDICAL HISTORY. Edinburgh Medicine, 1750-1800.*
PASSAGES OF MEDICAL HISTORY. Edinburgh Medicine, 1750-1800.* By JOHN D. COMRIE, M.A., B.Sc., M.D., F.R.C.P.Ed. In my ten-minute talk last May about the Edinburgh medical school I dealt with the founding of the Royal College of Physicians, the botanic garden, and the expansion of the Town's College into the University of Edinburgh through the establishment of a medical faculty in 1726. In the second half of the eighteenth century the medical school at Edinburgh became much more than a local institution, and not only attracted students from all over the British Isles, but was the chief centre to which men desiring to study medicine had recourse from the newly-founded British colonies through- out the world. Several of the teachers were men who attained great reputations. Dr Robert Whytt succeeded John Rutherford as professor both of the theory and practice of medicine in 1747, and was appointed largely because he was interested in medical research, a rare pursuit in those days. Stone in the bladder was a serious and frequent complaint which attracted great public interest and produced many reputed solvents for these calculi. Whytt had carried out an elaborate series of experiments in the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh with lime water, which he found to have a considerable power in disintegrating calculi, and he had published A n Essay on the Virtues of Lime Water and Soap in the Cure of the Stone. The treatment upon which he finally settled was to administer daily by the mouth water. He an ounce of soap and three pints or more of lime also published An Essay on the Vital and Other Involuntary Motions of Animals which brought him into conflict with the great Albrecht von Haller and gained him prominent notice on the Continent. -
2005 Iowa Orthopedic Journal
Designed for Wear Reduction • Improved Function • Optimal Kinematics4 VOLUME 25 2005 THERE IS A DIFFERENCE The Iowa Orthopaedic Journal DEPUY ROTATING PLATFORM KNEE 1 REDUCED WEAR BY 94% Polyethylene wear has been associated with osteolysis in the knee.2,3 * The rotating platform knee, used with GVF JOURNAL ORTHOPAEDIC THE IOWA polyethylene, reduced wear by 94% when compared to a fixed bearing knee. Results based on knee simulation testing. Available only from DePuy Orthopaedics. Trusted Innovation. 1 ASTM Symposium on Cross-linked Thermally Treated Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene for Joint Replacements (data on file). Miami Beach, Florida Nov. 5 and 6, 2002. 2 Lewis, Peter; Cecil H. Rorabeck, Robert B. Bourne and Peter Devane. “Posteromedial Tibial Polyethylene Failure in Total Knee Replacements.” CORR Feb. 1994: 11-17. 3 Cadambi, Ajai, Gerard A. Engh, Kimberly A. Dwyer and Tuyethoa N. Vinh. “Osteolysis of the Distal Femur After Total Knee Arthroplasty.” The Journal of Arthroplasty Dec. 1994: 579-594. * GVF - Gamma Vacuum Foil IMPORTANT • The presence of osteomyelitis, pyrogenic infection or other overt infection of the These include: This Essential Product Information sheet does not include all of the information nec- knee joint; essary for selection and use of a device. Please see full labeling for all necessary infor- • Patients with loss of musculature or neuromuscular compromise leading to loss of •Vascular deficiency at the bone site; mation. function in the involved limb or in whom the requirements for its use would affect •Inadequate bone stock to assure both a firm press fit and close apposition of the cut recommended rehabilitation procedures. -
SIR BENJAMIN COLLINS BRODIE, BART.: Threatened Invasion, Young Benjamin, with His Two a SKETCH.1 Elder Brothers, Raised a Company of One Hundred and Volunteers
He had eager physical vigor too, though he was Original Articles small of Btature and delicate of frame; and his patriot- ism flamed out in season. In 1798, when Napoleon SIR BENJAMIN COLLINS BRODIE, BART.: threatened invasion, young Benjamin, with his two A SKETCH.1 elder brothers, raised a company of one hundred and volunteers. He was commissioned BY JAMES G. MUMFORD, M.D., BOSTON. forty ensign by the king. It was a fine, well-drilled and creditable A year ago, after publishing an essay on Sir Astley body of recruits. 1 waB asked to write of Cooper, something Benjamin Such a boyhood was in the back Brodie. 1 have done and the has lent itself great surgeon's so, subject ground ; but beyond this he was fortunate in family pleasantly to the task. connections, professional and others, which counted to Of Brodie I found soon that this knows generation him for good. His grandfather was the little be is read seldom students and other readora grandfather ; by also of that Thomas, Lord Denman who was tho advo of our medical literature, yet the man was in some cate of tho unhappy Queen Caroline, and Chief Justice ways a great man ; not so great, doubtless, as Cooper, of the King's Bench, later. His paternal grand- fifteen his but a in hi« years senior, striking figure mother was a daughter of a well-known physician, Dr. time; as a teacher, sound and resourceful ; as a writer, Samuel Shaw. One daughter of this lady married facile and instructive ; as a physician, accomplished Dr. -
the Papers Philosophical Transactions
ABSTRACTS / OF THE PAPERS PRINTED IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, From 1800 to1830 inclusive. VOL. I. 1800 to 1814. PRINTED, BY ORDER OF THE PRESIDENT AND COUNCIL, From the Journal Book of the Society. LONDON: PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. CONTENTS. VOL. I 1800. The Croonian Lecture. On the Structure and Uses of the Meinbrana Tympani of the Ear. By Everard Home, Esq. F.R.S. ................page 1 On the Method of determining, from the real Probabilities of Life, the Values of Contingent Reversions in which three Lives are involved in the Survivorship. By William Morgan, Esq. F.R.S.................... 4 Abstract of a Register of the Barometer, Thermometer, and Rain, at Lyndon, in Rutland, for the year 1798. By Thomas Barker, Esq.... 5 n the Power of penetrating into Space by Telescopes; with a com parative Determination of the Extent of that Power in natural Vision, and in Telescopes of various Sizes and Constructions ; illustrated by select Observations. By William Herschel, LL.D. F.R.S......... 5 A second Appendix to the improved Solution of a Problem in physical Astronomy, inserted in the Philosophical Transactions for the Year 1798, containing some further Remarks, and improved Formulae for computing the Coefficients A and B ; by which the arithmetical Work is considerably shortened and facilitated. By the Rev. John Hellins, B.D. F.R.S. .......................................... .................................. 7 Account of a Peculiarity in the Distribution of the Arteries sent to the ‘ Limbs of slow-moving Animals; together with some other similar Facts. In a Letter from Mr. -
Matas Bibliography
Matas Bibliography 1. This is a brief explanation of the information in the different note fields that encountered in this bibliography. Notes: indicates where the citation came from. Several different bibliographies were consulted to create this master list, including Dr Matas’ personal bibliography, and bibliographies compiled by various librarians and physicians throughout the 20th century. LIBRARY HAS: indicates Matas Library holdings. If there is no LIBRARY HAS: then the citation has not been verified as being possessed by Matas library. Some call numbers where placed after Note: or LIBRARY HAS: field, this means it is in our library. This bibliography is a copy of 2002 PDF bibliography compiled by Matas Librarians. It was reworked by Maureen Knapp in March 2014 to reduce PDF file size. For assistance email [email protected] 2. ( 1) Address on the History and Significance of the Violet Hart Award for Outstanding Achievements in Vascular Surgery; and (2) Presentation and Citation of Dr. Mont R. Reid; first recipient of the "Matas Medal" of the Violet Hart Fund. Report of proceedings at Dixon Hall, N.O., January 23. American Journal of Surgery. 1934; 24(1, April):1-35. Notes: Matas- His Chronologic Bibliography... 3. 1915-1941 and the years between. With special references to the antagonism and perpetual menace of the old imperial and the new Nazi Germany to the peace and security of the United States. Mississippi Doctor. 1941 Jul; 19:55-67. 4. Abstract from the Acceptance of the President of the American College of Surgeons upon the occasion of the dedication of the Murphy Memorial-quoted from the Chicago Daily Tribune.