MONTICELLO APP MONTICELLO THE DOWNLOAD
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After arriving at the mountaintop, mountaintop, the at arriving After
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tour, please board a shuttle bus at the Visitor Visitor the at bus shuttle a board please tour,
your admission ticket. So as to not miss your your miss not to as So ticket. admission your
Entry to the house is based on the time printed on on printed time the on based is house the to Entry
house. the inside
no photography or videography is permitted permitted is videography or photography no ONLY;
on the grounds of Monticello FOR PERSONAL USE USE PERSONAL FOR Monticello of grounds the on
Photography and video recording are permitted permitted are recording video and Photography
carried by hand. by carried
Backpacks and large bags must be worn in front or or front in worn be must bags large and Backpacks
touring the house. Strollers are available free of charge. of free available are Strollers house. the touring
Parents with active young children are asked to take turns turns take to asked are children young active with Parents
Customs and courtesies while inside the house the inside while courtesies and Customs
45 minutes. minutes. 45
on the Monticello plantation. plantation. Monticello the on
enslaved people who lived and labored labored and lived who people enslaved
focus on the experiences of the the of experiences the on focus
tours outdoor Guided
Monticello Tour: Tour: Monticello
Slavery at at Slavery
45 minutes. minutes. 45
orchards. and grove, gardens, vegetable
of Monticello’s restored flower and and flower restored Monticello’s of
while enjoying the beauty and variety variety and beauty the enjoying while
botany, and agriculture agriculture and botany,
lifelong interest in gardening, gardening, in interest lifelong
Explore Jefferson’s Jefferson’s Explore Tour:
Gardens and Grounds Grounds and Gardens
general admission. general
included in the price of of price the in included
additional guided tours tours guided additional
Take advantage of of advantage Take two two
During your visit ... visit your During
House and Plantation and House Monticello Mountaintop Monticello
David M. Rubenstein Visitor Center English and Carl and Hunter Smith Education Center DISCOVER THE ROBERT H. AND WORLD CLARICE SMITH GUIDE FOR Visit the exhibitions WOODLAND PAVILION in the ROBERT H. AND OF JEFFERSON VISITORS CHARLOTTESVILLE CLARICE SMITH GALLERY VISITOR INFO TheCAFÉ menu includes WALKING TRAIL TO KIOSK (see list below). JEFFERSON’S GRAVE sandwiches, salads, (15 minutes) pastries, child-friendly & MONTICELLO options, and hot and (25 minutes total) cold drinks. SHUTTLE BUS TO MONTICELLO MONTICELLO (10 minutes) PLANTATION MODEL ELEVATOR
Visit THE SHOP at Monticello Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), theorist of the American Revolution, for a large selection of books drafted the Declaration of Independence. His words, which continue to and Jefferson-related gifts. HOWARD AND ABBY inspire people from around the world, established the foundations of MILSTEIN THEATER GRIFFIN self-government and individual freedom in America: that “all men are (courtyard level) DISCOVERY created equal”. ROOM After writing the Declaration, Jefferson spent the next 33 years in CARL AND public life, serving as delegate to the Virginia General Assembly and to DOMINION HUNTER SMITH WELCOME PAVILION Congress, as governor of Virginia, minister to France, secretary of state, EDUCATION CENTER vice president, and president from 1801 to 1809. Notable achievements of Jefferson’s presidency include the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
ELEVATOR PARKING He believed that human reason and knowledge could improve the condition of mankind. Jefferson studied science and was an GROUP CHECK-IN “enthusiast” of the arts, shaping public architecture in America, and WHEELCHAIR contributing to horticulture, ethnography, paleontology, archeology, Enjoy the 15-minute TO ACCESSIBLE and astronomy, to name but a few. In retirement, he founded and SAUNDERS- introductory film ENTRANCE designed the University of Virginia. MONTICELLO Thomas Jefferson’s TRAIL TO PARKING Jefferson designed every aspect of Monticello, an icon of architecture World in the TheGRIFFIN DISCOVERY ROOM HOWARD AND ABBY and a World Heritage site, constructing and modifying its buildings gives guests, especially children, and landscape over a period of 40 years. Monticello was also a working MILSTEIN THEATER, the chance to learn about plantation – where the paradox of slavery contrasts with the ideals of See the AFRICAN AMERICAN GRAVEYARD, located at located at the Jefferson’s life and times through liberty expressed by Jefferson in the declaration. the foot of the trail that leads from the Visitor Center. courtyard level. hands-on elements and activities, As a result of Jefferson’s assiduous record keeping, and more than 50 including reproductions from the years of scholarly research, Monticello is among the best documented, Monticello house and plantation. best preserved and best studied plantations in North America. Monticello was the center of Jefferson’s world; to understand him, you must experience Monticello, his autobiographical statement. On a little Exhibitions in the Robert H. and Clarice Smith Gallery mountain in Charlottesville the power of place merges with the power of Jefferson’s timeless ideas. His home and masterpiece, Monticello, is a touchstone for all who seek to explore the enduring meaning of “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” Thomas Jefferson and Monticello as Experiment: ‘the Boisterous Sea of ‘To Try All Things’ explores Liberty’ illustrates the Jefferson’s use of Monticello as development and ongoing a laboratory for his belief that STAY CONNECTED influence of Jefferson’s core “useful knowledge” could make ideas about liberty on a wall life more efficient and convenient. of 21 flat-panel LCD screens, Use Monticello’s free wifi including seven interactive Making Monticello: touch screens. Jefferson’s ‘Essay in Thomas Jefferson’s @TJMonticello Architecture’ showcases the Monticello The Words of Thomas architectural origins, construction, Jefferson brings Jefferson’s and four-decade evolution of the thoughts to light through Monticello house, widely regarded Monticello, a private nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation founded in projection in an innovative as one of the icons of American 1923, receives no ongoing federal or state funds in support of its display. architecture. dual mission of preservation and education. monticello.org Monticello House and Plantation DOME ROOM
THE PLANTATION
Jefferson divided his plantation into separate farms run by resident SKYLIGHT SKYLIGHT overseers who directed the labor of enslaved men, women, and children. Most of Jefferson’s slaves CLOSET came to him by inheritance. For PARLOR BEDROOM most of his life he was the owner TEA ROOM DINING ROOM Thomas Jefferson by Thomas Sully, 1856 PARLOR JEFFERSON’S of about 200 enslaved people, two- CHAMBER thirds of them at Monticello and THE HOUSE Jefferson’s family and their guests NORTH SOUTH PIAZZA PIAZZA one-third at Poplar Forest. Tobacco gathered to converse, read, and play (GREENHOUSE) was his main cash crop but he If you had visited Monticello in games and musical instruments in CABINET switched to wheat in the 1790s. Jefferson’s time, you would have the parlor with its elegant parquet been greeted in this grand two-story floor. The room contained furniture room by Burwell Colbert, Jefferson’s that Jefferson acquired in France as enslaved butler, or by one of the well as pieces made in the joinery STORAGE enslaved houseboys. The Great Clock STORAGE at Monticello. The walls featured CELLAR WINE CELLAR WARE ROOM BEER CELLAR CELLAR above the doorway displays the time as portraits of notable philosophers, well as the day of the week. statesmen, navigators and explorers of the New World. Jefferson also hung paintings of biblical subjects with MULBERRY ROW strong visual impact. Learn about domestic work at Monticello through the CROSSROADS exhibition underneath the house. Named for the mulberry trees planted STOREHOUSE FOR IRON NORTH OCTAGONAL ROOM along it, Mulberry Row was the center of plantation activity at Monticello from the 1770s until Jefferson’s death Built around 1793, this log structure Frequent occupants of this semi- in 1826. Enslaved, free, and indentured was recently reconstructed based octagonal bedroom were the fourth workers and craftsmen lived and on archaeological and documentary president of the United States, James worked along Mulberry Row which evidence. Jefferson referred to Madison, and his celebrated wife, changed over time to accomodate it as a “storehouse for nailrod & Dolley. Madison was Jefferson’s close Thomas Jefferson’s polygraph the varying needs of Monticello’s other iron,” but it was also a site friend and important ally; his estate, Courtesy of the University of Vrginia construction and Jefferson’s household for tinsmithing, nailmaking, and Montpelier, is about 30 miles—about a and manufacturing initiatives. domestic life. day’s travel then—from Monticello. DINING ROOM STUDY AND BEDCHAMBER Changing over time as structures AND TEA ROOM were built, removed, or repurposed, Every day, Jefferson spent time reading Mulberry Row had more than 25 and writing in his cabinet, or study. BOOK ROOM THE UPSTAIRS The Jefferson family and their workshops, dwellings, and storage HALL His desk holds a polygraph, a copying guests ate two main meals a day: buildings for weavers, spinners, machine with two pens. When Jefferson kept his library of 6,700 Occupied primarily by Jefferson’s breakfast was served around 8 in blacksmiths, tinsmiths, nailmakers, Jefferson displayed Native American Jefferson wrote with one pen, the books in this room in his private daughter, sister and grandchildren, DOME ROOM the morning and dinner at about 4 carpenters, sawyers, charcoal burners, objects given as diplomatic gifts to other made an exact copy. Jefferson apartment, or suite. During the War these private quarters illustrate the in the afternoon. The food served at stablemen, joiners, or domestic Meriwether Lewis and William Clark saved copies of almost all of the of 1812, the British burned the US dynamics of family life in the early Monticello’s iconic design element was Monticello blended French cuisine servants. on their expedition. The Native approximately 19,000 letters he wrote Capitol in Washington, DC, along 1800s and illuminate the interactions based on the Temple of Vesta in Rome with Anglo-Colonial and African American objects were displayed in his lifetime. with the congressional library. In 1815, between all of Monticello’s inhabitants as depicted by Palladio. Sometimes influences. The tea room was a amid his wide-ranging collection of Jefferson, by then greatly in debt, sold - both enslaved and free. The second called the “skyroom,” the Dome seating area for wine and evening European art, maps of Virginia and his library to the nation; his books and third floors were often filled to Room was at times used for guests, refreshments after dinner. During the known continents, bones, fossils, became the nucleus of the present capacity, accommodating what one for storage, and as temporary living Jefferson’s retirement Edith Fossett horns, and skins of extinct and living Library of Congress. Shortly after the family member described as “an quarters for Jefferson’s grandson and and Frances Hern, enslaved cooks, North American animals. sale, Jefferson wrote to John Adams, almost perpetual round of company.” his wife. prepared food in the kitchen and the “I cannot live without books,” and he cellar of the house. began buying more. After his death, SOUTH SQUARE ROOM MARTHA JEFFERSON much of his library was sold to pay his debts, along with the house, most of This small room is the only one on its contents and the enslaved workers. Martha Jefferson Randolph, known the main floor dedicated solely to Today, only a few original volumes as Patsy to family and friends, was Jefferson’s family members. Jefferson’s remain from the retirement library the first child of Thomas Jefferson THE STONE STABLE eldest daughter, Martha Jefferson and his wife, Martha Wayles Skelton. Jefferson’s bed was in an alcove at Monticello. The other books here Randolph, used it as her sitting room She moved to Monticello after her between the cabinet and the bedroom. are the same titles and editions as the The Stone Stable on Mulberry Row has THE HEMMINGS CABIN and office, and as a classroom for her father’s retirement, where she focused The design was a space-saving idea he originals. Jefferson firmly believed that been in almost continuous use since it children. From this room, she oversaw on educating her 11 children and borrowed from France. Jefferson died educated citizens were essential to the was constructed in 1809. The stable was Woodworker John Hemmings and the household and domestic activities supervising domestic activities on the in this room on July 4, 1826. survival of democracy. the transportation hub and conduit his wife, Priscilla, likely lived in a of the plantation. plantation. Martha Jefferson Randolph’s bedchamber of goods that linked the mountaintop cabin like this reconstruction. It to the rest of Thomas Jefferson’s represents one of three structures plantations and, through the Jefferson built circa 1793 on Mulberry family connections, the world. These Row for enslaved families. When Monticello two stone buildings were likely used to creating this cabin, builders used store feed and tack during Jefferson’s traditional materials and methods. Dependencies, Gardens and Grounds lifetime.
THE DEPENDENCIES SALLY HEMINGS JEFFERSON’S GRAVE
A striking aspect of Jefferson’s design Sally Hemings (1773-1835), a member of Thomas Jefferson is buried at for Monticello is the incorporation the large Hemings family, was an enslaved Monticello with other members of the “dependencies,” or essential lady’s maid at Monticello. DNA test results of his family in a gravesite he service rooms, so that they were in 1998 indicated a genetic link between chose in 1773. This plot is owned easily accessible, without the need the Jefferson and Hemings families. Based by an association of Jefferson’s to venture outdoors. They were on scientific evidence and oral history, descendants and is still used as a invisible from the public spaces of Monticello and most historians now cemetery. The epitaph he wrote SOUTH TERRACE the house. Two wings, with kitchen, believe that, years after his wife’s death, for his tombstone included only: FLOWER GARDEN AND PAVILION smokehouse, dairy, ice house, and Thomas Jefferson was the father of Sally “Author of the Declaration of carriage bays, are connected by an Hemings’ children: Beverly, Harriet, American Independence, of the By 1808, Jefferson had laid out and This terrace, reserved for Jefferson Statue of Virginia for Religious all-weather passageway at the cellar Madison, and Eston Hemings. NORTH PAVILION planted 20 oval-shaped flower beds and his family, leads to the South level. Along this passageway are spaces Freedom, and Father of the at the four corners of the house and Pavilion, the first building erected on for the storage of food, beverages, University of Virginia.” Mirroring the South Pavilion, the a flower border along a graveled the mountaintop.The one-room living and firewood. In these dependencies construction of the North Pavilion walk encircling the West Lawn. The space that initially sheltered Jefferson the lives of Jefferson family members AFRICAN AMERICAN GRAVEYARD completed Jefferson’s scheme for serpentine design of the flower walk alone soon had not one but three intersected with the lives of the and the oval “island” beds reflect residents—in 1772 his wife, Martha, organizing domestic functions. The VEGETABLE GARDEN enslaved African Americans who Men, women, and children of Monticello’s Jefferson’s interest in the informal joined him in the South Pavilion, and upper floor, like that of the South African American families are buried in worked on the plantation as well as in style of landscape design, a field he later that year their eldest daughter Pavilion, was used by members more than 40 graves in a wooded plot When Jefferson referred to his the house. considered “one of the seven fine arts.” was born. of Jefferson’s family: son-in-law adjacent to the visitors parking area. During “garden,” he meant his vegetable COOK’S ROOM Thomas Mann Randolph used it as a the winter of 2000-2001, archaeologists garden, on the southeast slope of study, while granddaughter Virginia TREES confirmed this site as a slave burial ground, the mountain. Although it provided Randolph and her husband Nicholas The Cook’s Room, identifying 20 graves, including those of food for the family table, the garden Trist lived there after their marriage adjacent to the eight children. There are likely other burial also functioned as a laboratory Trees ranked high among Jefferson’s in 1824. Kitchen in the grounds still undiscovered on the plantation. where he grew 330 varieties of some favorite plants. He documented the South Dependency, 99 species of vegetables and herbs. planting of 160 species, including WINE CELLAR SOUTH was occupied by ICE HOUSE NORTH THE LEVY FAMILY STEWARDSHIP This was a revolutionary American “clumps” of ornamentals adjacent PAVILION Monticello’s head PAVILION garden and Jefferson’s most enriching to the house and allées of mulberry, CELLAR KITCHEN As one of the most knowledgeable CELLAR cook. It was first The main purpose Monticello survives today because of horticultural achievement. Today, the honey locust, and other trees along his wine enthusiasts in the country, used as living of the ice house was the efforts of its two major owners after garden serves as a preservation seed roundabouts. Visitors were often taken DAIRY The Kitchen was among the best Thomas Jefferson served as wine quarters by Peter food preservation. Jefferson’s death: Uriah Phillips Levy, the bank of Jefferson-era and 19th-century to see what one guest called Jefferson’s equipped kitchens in America adviser to Presidents Washington, Hemings, followed It was used to first Jewish commodore in the United States vegetable varieties. “pet trees.” SLAVE complete with a stew stove. Common Madison, and Monroe. His cellar QTR likely by Edith store fresh meat Navy, and his nephew, Jefferson Monroe in Europe but relatively rare in the was filled with wines from France, HOUSE Fossett and her and butter as well CARRIAGE Levy. For nearly 100 years, the Levys worked United States, this precursor of the Portugal, Spain, Hungary, Germany, SLAVE family in 1809. In as for making ice to restore and preserve the house. In 1923, kitchen range had charcoal fires in and Italy, reflecting tastes he acquired QTR the evenings, they cream and chilling the Thomas Jefferson Foundation was grated cast-iron openings and could during his European travels. Jefferson used this room in wine. Packed tightly founded and purchased the property from
SMOKEHOUSE sometimes imported several hundred be regulated more precisely than a and insulated a variety of ways bottles per year. He preferred bottles Jefferson Levy. The Foundation has carried roaring fireplace. The bake oven was with wood chips such as cooking and to casks because bottles ensured that on the tradition of preservation established used for bread and other baked goods. or straw, the ice sewing. the wine could not be adulterated by Uriah Phillips Levy by the Levy family. In 1790, Jefferson shipped copper sometimes lasted
wine merchants or by crewmen on STABLES pots, pans and pieces of specialized through the board a vessel during shipment. cookware to Monticello from summer. COOK’S France for his cooks to use in food ROOM preparation. BE THE FIRST TO KNOW KITCHEN STORAGE CELLAR STORAGE CELLAR WARE NEWS EVENTS SPECIAL OFFERS GREENHOUSE BEER ROOM WINE ICE CELLAR CELLAR HOUSE Visit monticello.org/signup Jefferson grew flowers and fragrant to subscribe to our FREE mailing list. SOUTH CELLAR PASSAGE NORTH CELLAR PASSAGE plants such as orange trees in his greenhouse, which is adjacent to Don’t miss out on his Book Room. He kept tools and SOUTH NORTH a workbench there too, and may PRIVY STORAGE PRIVY NEW DISCOVERIES have installed an aviary for his UPCOMING EVENTS pet mockingbirds. Attached to the SALES AND SPECIAL OFFERS greenhouse are two outdoor porches ca. 1809-1826 with moveable slats which control the amount of light entering the space.