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I Emissions Gap Report 2019 Emissions Gap Report 2019 © 2019 United Nations Environment Programme ISBN: 978-92-807-3766-0 Job number: DEW/2263/NA This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. United Nations Environment Programme would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Communication Division, United Nations Environment Programme, P. O. Box 30552, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. Disclaimers The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. For general guidance on matters relating to the use of maps in publications please go to http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/english/htmain.htm Mention of a commercial company or product in this document does not imply endorsement by the United Nations Environment Programme or the authors. The use of information from this document for publicity or advertising is not permitted. Trademark names and symbols are used in an editorial fashion with no intention on infringement of trademark or copyright laws. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. © Maps, photos, and illustrations as specified Suggested citation United Nations Environment Programme (2019). Emissions Gap Report 2019. UNEP, Nairobi. http://www.unenvironment.org/emissionsgap Supported by: Emissions Gap Report 2019 November 2019 IV Emissions Gap Report 2019 V Acknowledgements The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) would Chapter 3 like to thank the members of the steering committee, the Lead authors: Joeri Rogelj (Grantham Institute, Imperial lead and contributing authors, reviewers and the secretariat College London, UK; International Institute for Applied for their contribution to the preparation of this assessment Systems Analysis, Austria), Michel den Elzen (PBL report. Authors and reviewers have contributed to the report Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency) in their individual capacities. Their affiliations are only mentioned for identification purposes. Contributing authors: Daniel Huppmann (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria), Gunnar Project steering committee Luderer (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Juliane Berger (German Environment Agency), John Germany) Christensen (UNEP DTU Partnership), Navroz K. Dubash (Centre for Policy Research, India), Jian Liu (UNEP), Simon Chapter 4 Maxwell (Independent), Surabi Menon (ClimateWorks Lead authors: Niklas Höhne (NewClimate Institute, Foundation), Bert Metz (European Climate Foundation), Katia Germany), Taryn Fransen (World Resources Institute, USA), Simeonova (UNFCCC), Priyadarshi Shukla (Ahmedabad Frederic Hans (NewClimate Institute, Germany) University), Oksana Tarasova (World Meteorological Organization), Merlyn van Voore (UNEP) Contributing authors: Ankit Bhardwaj (Centre for Policy Research, India), Gabriel Blanco (National University of Chapter 1 the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), Jesse Lead authors: Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership), John Burton (University of Cape Town, South Africa), Michel Christensen (UNEP DTU Partnership) den Elzen (PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency), Markus Hagemann (NewClimate Institute, Chapter 2 Germany), Christopher Henderson (World Resources Lead authors: Takeshi Kuramochi (NewClimate Institute, Institute, USA), Maria Daniela Keesler (National University Germany), Michel den Elzen (PBL Netherlands Environmental of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), Jiang Assessment Agency), Glen Peters (CICERO, Norway) Kejun (Energy Research Institute, China), Akihisa Kuriyama (Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan), Contributing authors: Andrzej Ancyger (Climate Analytics, Fu Sha (National Centre for Climate Change Strategy, China), Germany), Ankit Bhardwaj (Centre for Policy Research, Ranping Song (World Resources Institute, China), Kentaro India), Gabriel Blanco (National University of the Center of Tamura (Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), Taryn Fransen (World Japan), Jorge Villarreal (Iniciativa Climática de México), Resources Institute, USA), Andreas Geiges (Climate Analytics, William Wills (Centro Clima, Brazil) Germany), Frederic Hans (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Christopher Henderson (World Resources Institute, USA), Chapter 5 Niklas Höhne (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Kejun Jiang Lead authors: Nebojsa Nakićenović (International Institute (Energy Research Institute, China), Maria Jose de Villafranca for Applied Systems Analysis and Vienna University of (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Kimon Keramidas (Joint Technology, Austria), Charlie Wilson (Tyndall Centre for Research Centre/European Commissions), Joojin Kim Climate Change Research, UK) (Solutions For Our Climate, Republic of Korea), Akihisa Kuriyama (Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Contributing authors: Bill Colglazier (American Japan), Leonardo Nascimento (NewClimate Institute, Association for Advancement of Science), Owen Gaffney Germany), Jos Olivier (PBL Netherlands Environmental (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Germany), Assessment Agency), Deger Saygin (SHURA, Turkey), Dirk Messner (United Nations University), Narasimha Rao Ranping Song (World Resources Institute, China), Claire (Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, USA), Stockwell (Climate Analytics, Germany), Kentaro Tamura Caroline Zimm (International Institute for Applied Systems (Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Japan), Paola Analysis, Austria) Tanguy (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Heleen van Soest (PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency), Jorge Chapter 6 Villarreal Padilla (Iniciativa Climática de México), Ryan Wilson Lead Authors: Yacob Mulugetta (Department of Science, (Climate Analytics, Germany), William Wills (Centro Clima, Technology, Engineering & Public Policy, University College Brazil), Paola Yanguas Parra (Climate Analytics, Germany) London, UK), Pablo E. Carvajal (International Renewable Emissions Gap Report 2019 VI Energy Agency, Germany), James Haselip (UNEP DTU Resource Institute), Joel N. Swisher (Western Washington Partnership), Thomas Spencer (The Energy and Resources University), Saara Tamminen (SITRA), Oras Tynkkynen Institute, India) (SITRA), Tom Van-Ierland (European Commission DG CLIMA), Marion Vieweg (Current Future), Kenichi Wada Contributing Authors: Edo Abraham (Delft University of (Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth), Technology, the Netherlands), Simon Batchelor (Gamos Ltd, Jim Watson (UK Energy Research Centre), Zhao Xiusheng UK), Brigitte Knopf (Mercator Research Institute on Global (Tsinghua University) Commons and Climate Change, Germany) Chief scientific editors Chapter 7 Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership), John Christensen Lead authors: Edgar Hertwich (Norwegian University (UNEP DTU Partnership) of Science and Technology), Reid Lifset (Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, USA), Stefan Pauliuk Editorial support (Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University Olivier Bois von Kursk (UNEP DTU Partnership) of Freiburg, Germany), Niko Heeren (Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, USA) Secretariat and project coordination Ivana Audia (UNEP DTU Partnership), Olivier Bois von Kursk Contributing Authors: Saleem Ali (University of Delaware, (UNEP DTU Partnership), Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership), USA), Peter Berrill (Yale School of Forestry & Environmental John Christensen (UNEP DTU Partnership), Pinya Sarasas Studies USA), Tomer Fishman (Interdisciplinary Center (UNEP), Maarten Kappelle (UNEP) Herzliya, Israel), Qingshi Tu (Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies USA), Paul Wolfram (Yale School Media and launch support of Forestry & Environmental Studies, USA) Keishamaza Rukikaire, Nancy Groves, Michael Logan, Josie Raine, Sajni Shah, Moses Osani, Despina Kannaourou, David Reviewers Cole, Pooja Munshi, Gregory Mwaura, Richard Waiguchu, Lawrence Agbemabiese (University of Delaware), Salome Mbeyu Chamanje, Florian Fussstetter, Joyce Sang, Juan Carlos Altamirano (World Resources Institute /New Viola Kup, Alejandro Laguna, Mark Grassi, Charlotte De kruijk Climate Economy), Birgit Aru (European Commission DG (UNEP), Mette Annelie Rasmussen, Lasse Hemmingsen CLIMA), Mohammed Awojobi (University of Delaware), (UNEP DTU Partnership) Christoph Bertram (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research), Kathryn Jennifer Bowen (Australian Design, layout and printing National University), Sylvain Cail (Enerdata), Rachel Chi Joseph & Sebastian (Layout and cover), Caren Weeks Kiu Mok (World Bank), Filippo Civitelli (UK Department (Figures),
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