CULTURAL TOURISM: POTENTIALS for GROWTH 227 Georgia-Anna Kanaki
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Proceedings of the Symposium on City Ports from the Aegean to the Black Sea. Medieval - Modern Networks 22nd -29th August 2015 EGE YAYINLARI Proceedings of the Symposium on City Ports from the Aegean to the Black Sea. Medieval - Modern Networks 22nd -29th August 2015 © 2015 Ege Yayınları ISBN 978-605-9680-01-1 Certificate No: 14641 All Rights Reserved Graphic Design and Application Aydın Tibet Print Oksijen Basım ve Matbaacılık San. Tic. Ltd. Şti. 100. Yıl Mah. Matbaacılar Sit. 2. Cad. No: 202/A Bağcılar-İstanbul Tel: +90 (212) 325 71 25 Fax: +90 (212) 325 61 99 Certificate No: 29487 Production and Distribution Zero Prodüksiyon Kitap-Yayın-Dağıtım San. Ltd. Şti. Abdullah Sokak, No: 17, Taksim, 34433 İstanbul Tel: 0212 244 7521 Faks: 0212 244 3209 E.mail: [email protected] www.zerobooksonline.com Proceedings of the Symposium on City Ports from the Aegean to the Black Sea. Medieval - Modern Networks 22nd -29th August 2015 E DITORS F l o r a K a r a g i a n n i - U fuk K o c a b a ş In the frame of the project “LIMEN: Cultural Ports from Aegean to the Black Sea” www.limenproject.net The Project is co-financed by the EU Joint Operational Programme Black Sea Basin 2007-2013 The Black Sea Basin Programme is co-financed by the European Union through the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument for Pre-Accession Asistance. PROJECT PARTICIPANTS Istanbul University, Faculty of European Centre for Byzantine and Letters Department of Conservation Post-Byzantine Monuments of Marine Archaeological Objects. Leophoros Stratou 2, 54640, Thessaloniki Ordu Cad. 34459 Laleli Fatih, Istanbul GREECE TURKEY www.ekbmm.gr www.istanbul.edu.tr Museum for National History and Municipality of Kavala Archaeology Constanta Kyprou 10, 65403 Kavala Ovidiu Square no. 12, 900745 Constanţa GREECE ROMANIA www.minac.ro The George Chubinashvili Odessa City Council, Department National Research Centre of Culture and Tourism 5, Tabukashvili St. 0105, Tbilisi Ekaterininskaya 14, 65026 Odessa GEORGIA UKRAINE www.gch-centre.ge Koç University College of Social Sciences and Humanities Department Municipality of Varna of Archaeology and History of Art 43 “Osmi Primorski polk” Blvd, 9000 Varna Rumelifeneri Yolu 34450 Sarıyer Istanbul BULGARIA TURKEY http://cssh.ku.edu.tr/arha/home ASSOCIATE PARTNERS Business Council of the Organisation of the Black Sea Organization of the Black Economic Cooperation Sea Economic Cooperation, International Secretariat Black and Azov Seas International Ports Association Black Sea Club Management Consulting SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE OF THE SYMPOSIUM Anastasia Tourta, Dr. Archaeologist, Director Sofronis Paradeisopoulos, Director, Branch of EKBMM (GR) for the Hellenic Foundation for Culture (UK) Flora Karagianni, Dr. Archaeologist, Head of Marika Didebulidze, Director of G. Chubi- the Office for the Promotion of Scientific Research nashvili National Research Centre for Georgian of EKBMM, Scientific Coordinator of the “Limen” Art History and Heritage Preservation (GE) project (GR) Mzia Janjalia, Art Historian, G. Chubinashvili Spyros Avdimiotis, Lecturer, Department of National Research Centre for Georgian Art His- Business Administration, Alexander Technologi- tory and Heritage Preservation (GE) cal Educational Institute of Thessaloniki (GR) Valeri Kinov, Historian, Manager of Aladzha Anastasia Chatzinikolaou, Architect, Project Monastery (under the management of Varna’s Coordinator of the “Limen” project (GR) Historical Museum) (BU) Ufuk Kocabaş, Professor, Faculty of Letters, Dessyslava Georgieva, Head of Department of Department of Conservation of Marine Archaeo- logical Objects, Istanbul University (TU) Festivals and Projects, Municipality of Varna (BU) Zeynep Kızıltan, Director of Istanbul Archaeo- Alessandra Ricci, Assistant Professor, Depart- logical Museums (TU) ment of Archaeology and History of Art, Koç Uni- versity (TU) Michalis Lychounas, Dr. Archaeologist, Mu- nicipality of Kavala, Deputy Mayor (GR) Halim Bulutoğlu, Director of Museum of the Princes’ Islands (TU) Menelaos Chatziapostolidis, Consultant, Mu- nicipality of Kavala (GR) Constantin Chera, Dr. Archaeologist, Museum of History and Archaeology of Constanta (RO) Glicherie Caraivan, Senior Researcher - Na- tional Institute for Marine Geology and Geoecol- ogy, Constanta Branch (RO) 7 CONTENTS EDITORS’ NOTE 13 FOREWORDS 15 SALUTATIONS 19 PRESENTATION OF THE PROJECT 27 The “Limen. Cultural Ports from Aegean to the Black Sea” Project ΛΙΜΗΝ – PORTUS – HARBOUR IN METAPHORICAL USE 31 Evangelos Chrysos PRESENTATIONS OF MEDIEVAL SHIPS IN THE ART OF THE BLACK SEA REGION 41 Elena Kostić OBSERVATIONS ON THE FORTIFICATIONS OF THE LATE-BYZANTINE CITIES OF THE NORTH AEGEAN COAST 53 Stavroula Dadake “TRAVEL, DRINK AND BE MERRY. PORT AND WINE IN BYZANTINE AEGEAN AND THE BLACK SEA”. PAST AND REALITIES 65 Michalis Lychounas THE CHRYSOBULLOS OF 1189 AND THE HISTORY OF GERMAN AND FRENCH QUARTERS OF CONSTANTINOPLE 71 Oleg Lugovyi PUBLIC OPEN SPACE IN THE CITY-PORT OF TOMIS (4TH – 6T H CENT . AD) 81 Irina Nastasi ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN ENVIRONMENT OF BATUMI 93 Nino Inaishvili 9 THEODOSIAN HARBOUR: A CROSSROAD BETWEEN BLACK SEA AND THE MEDITERRANEAN 109 Zeynep Kızıltan, Ufuk Kocabaş THE COMMERCIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN AEGEAN AND THE BLACK SEA ON THE BASIS OF THE TESTIMONY OF THE EARLY CHRISTIAN AMPHORAS 127 Eugenia Gerousi COMMERCE ET NAVIGATION DANS LA MER NOIRE DANS LES DOCUMENTS ÉPIGRAPHIQUES ET ICONOGRAPHIQUES 137 Livia Buzoianu CONSTANTINOPLE RECEIVING ICONS; A NEW APPROACH TO AN OLD ISSUE 147 Nikolaos D. Siomkos SOME NOTES ON THE IMPACT OF CONSTANTINOPLE ON THE BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE OF THE AEGEAN AND THE PELOPONNESE 163 Demetrios Athanasoulis RHODES-CONSTANTINOPLE, 6TH CENTURY TO 1523 AD: A TWO-WAY TRAFFIC 179 Angeliki Katsioti THE CULTURAL NETWORK OF CYPRUS – CONSTANTINOPLE – EUXEINOS PONT OS DURING THE ICONOCLASM ERA 191 Charalampos G. Chotzakoglou PRESERVATION OF YENIKAPI SHIPWRECKS 203 Namık Kılıç FROM UNDERWATER TO MUSEUM: PRESENTING UNDER WATER CULTURAL HERITAGE 209 A. Gökçe Kılıç SUSTAINABLE CULTURAL ROUTES IN ISTANBUL: THE KÜÇÜKYALI ARKEOPARK AND ITS VICINITIES 215 Alessandra Ricci, Barış Altan 10 CULTURAL TOURISM: POTENTIALS FOR GROWTH 227 Georgia-Anna Kanaki FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CULTURAL PROJECTS: HOW HIGH IS CULTURE IN THE EUROPEAN AGENDA? 235 Vassiliki Sotiropoulou FROM ANCIENT DIVERS T O MODERN DIVING INDUSTRY AND ITS EFFECT ON CULTURAL TOURISM 243 F. Sancar Uğuryol, Volkan Demir VARNA – A CROSSING POINT OF ANCIENT HISTORY, CULTURAL HERITAGE AND TOURISM OPPORTUNITIES 247 Irina Ugrinska SUSTAINABILITY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE EXPLOITATION AND LOCAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: BALANCE AND COSTING AND THE ROLE OF THE STAKEHOLDERS 253 Ioannis Tsoukalidis, Menelaos Chatziapostolidis CULTURAL ROUTES OF KAVALA: “TRACES OF MUSLIM AND CHRISTIAN ORTHODOX REFUGEES IN THE CITY OF KAVALA” 261 Boskou Chr. Effrosyni THE ST. PAUL TRAIL 271 Kate Clow THE ΕΝΙ IN THE CONTEXT OF CBC - TARGETED SYNERGIES FOR BRINGING EU AND ITS NEIGHBORS CLOSER TOGETHER 279 Anastasia Evangelidou OLKAS: INTERNATIONAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL TOURISM IN THE BLACK SEA REGION 287 Sofronis Paradeisopoulos THE BSUDRA PROJECT, EVALUATION, OUTPUTS, SUSTAINABILITY AND PERSPECTIVES 293 Polyxeni Adam-Veleni THE DIGITAL ECONOMY, CULTURE AND TOURISM IN THE BLACK SEA REGION 301 Pyrrhus Mercouris 11 BLACK SEA PORT-CITIES, 1780S-1910S: OBJECTIVES AND ACT IONS OF AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PROJECT 309 Gelina Harlaftis, Athina Vitopoulou LIMEN. THE NEW INSTITUTION: “CULTURAL PORT OF T HE BLACK SEA” 321 Flora Karagianni, Anastasia Chatzinikolaou FEASIBILITY – SUSTAINABILITY STUDY OF THE PROPOSED INSTITUTION “CULTURAL PORT OF THE BLACK SEA” - THE MARKETING PLAN 325 Sofia Bournatzi, Chryssa Kopra EXPERIENCES OF THE CULTURAL CAPITAL INSTITUTION 333 Robert Palmer EMBRACING A NEW INSTITUTION FOR THE BLACK SEA: “CULTURAL PORT OF THE BLACK SEA” 341 Michael B. Christides LEGAL ASPECTS IN CREATING CULTURAL NETWORKS: THE CASE OF THE “CULTURAL PORT OF THE BLACK SEA” 345 Dimitrios Nikolakakis APPENDIX LIST OF AUTHORS 355 PROGRAM ON BOARD SYMPOSIUM 359 PROGRAM AGENDA CRUISE 367 SAILING THROUGH HISTORY WITH SYMPOSIUM-ON-BOARD 379 Ufuk Kocabaş, Işıl Özsait-Kocabaş, Taner Güler, Evren Türkmenoğlu 12 EDITORS’ NOTE The present volume records the proceedings of the international sym- posium: “City Ports from the Aegean to the Black Sea. Medieval - Modern Networks” which took place on board during a cultural cruise in Aegean and the Black Sea, in August 22-29, 2015. The symposium was organized by the European Centre for Byzantine and Postbyzantine Monuments and Istanbul University within the framework of the project “LIMEN. Cultural City Ports from North Aegean to the Black Sea” funded by the “Joint Op- erational Program: Black Sea 2007-2013” with the collaboration of seven institutions (cultural institutions, museums, universities, municipalities) from Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and Georgia. In the sym- posium participated experts of the field of culture and tourism, as well as representatives of international bodies and states from Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia and England who present- ed their works on several topics related to the cultural heritage of Aegean and the Black Sea and its touristic promotion. The symposium begins with a general introduction on the metaphori- cal use of the word “Limen” in written historical sources and it continues with two major parts divided in eight sessions. In the first part there are discussed issues related to the medieval cultural heritage of the