ARK Identifier Scheme
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ARK Identifier Scheme
UC Office of the President CDL Staff Publications Title The ARK Identifier Scheme Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9p9863nc Authors Kunze, John Rodgers, Richard Publication Date 2008-05-22 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Network Preservation Group J. Kunze California Digital Library R. Rodgers US National Library of Medicine May 22, 2008 The ARK Identifier Scheme Abstract The ARK (Archival Resource Key) naming scheme is designed to facilitate the high-quality and persistent identification of information objects. A founding principle of the ARK is that persistence is purely a matter of service and is neither inherent in an object nor conferred on it by a particular naming syntax. The best that an identifier can do is to lead users to the services that support robust reference. The term ARK itself refers both to the scheme and to any single identifier that conforms to it. An ARK has five components: [http://NMAH/]ark:/NAAN/Name[Qualifier] an optional and mutable Name Mapping Authority Hostport (usually a hostname), the "ark:" label, the Name Assigning Authority Number (NAAN), the assigned Name, and an optional and possibly mutable Qualifier supported by the NMA. The NAAN and Name together form the immutable persistent identifier for the object independent of the URL hostname. An ARK is a special kind of URL that connects users to three things: the named object, its metadata, and the provider's promise about its persistence. When entered into the location field of a Web browser, the ARK leads the user to the named object. -
State of the Art and Guidelines for Standards Applicable Edition 1
D4.1 State of the art and guidelines for standards applicable – Ed.1 Grant Agreement ECP-2007-DILI-527003 ARROW State of the art and guidelines for standards applicable Edition 1 Deliverable number D4.1 Dissemination level Public Delivery date 30 July 2009 Status Final Author(s) EDItEUR eContentplus This project is funded under the eContentplus programme a multiannual Community programme to make digital content in Europe more accessible, usable and exploitable. 1/70 A map of standards with relevance to the ARROW project Introduction This document was commissioned by the ARROW project from EDItEUR (the London‐based international organization for book trade standards). It is intended to provide a “state of the art” description of standards which might have specific application within the ARROW project. The document considers a wide range of metadata, identification, messaging and search‐ related standards, selected on the basis of their potential application to ARROW. The initial list of standards to be covered was provided by ARROW to EDItEUR, and was supplemented by EDItEUR with additional standards which appeared to be relevant. Which of these standards will actually be implemented within eth “ARROW system”, or precisely where they may fit into the overall scheme, is not currently known, but will become clearer as architectural and other issues are resolved. At least one further release of this document (incorporating comments from the wider membership of the ARROW time, as well as a mapping of standards to the final ARROW technical architecture) -
Document History 1. Definition of the Subject 2. Keywords
State of the Art Report (StoAR) Name: <StoAR_Persistent_Identifiers> Work Package: <Tools> Responsible: <Ahmed Rahali> Document history Date Version Status Author(s) Changes / comments <20.10.2004> 1 In progress ARA <13.01.2005> 1 First version ARA 1. Definition of the subject Persistent identification is regarded as an increasingly important aspect for strategies aimed to ensure effective management of digital information resources and their long-term access. The assignment of unique identifiers allows digital objects to be labelled or referenced in such a way that they can be reliably found over time in a dynamic distributed information environment. To date, various schemes have been suggested as a global approach to persistent identification, including the URN (Uniform Resource Name), the DOI (Digital Object Identifiers), the PURL (Persistent URL), the Handle System, the ARK (Archival Resource Key) and the XRI (eXtensible Resource Identifier). Each of these approaches came to birth as a result of progressive ongoing research and has succeeded, in varying degrees, to build communities around it. This document is aimed to provide an overview of current activity in the field of persistent identifiers and an understanding of the diverse persistent identification strategies being used and developed. The document is to serve as a reference for review and evaluation of all these various schemes and as a basis for recommendations of relevance to the eSciDoc project. 2. Keywords Persistent identifier, Persistent identification, Persistent link, Digital identifier, Persistence, Uniform Resource Name, Uniform Resource Identifier, Uniform Resource Locator, National Bibliography Number, Persistent URL, Handle, Digital Object Identifier, Archival Resource Key, eXtensible Resource Identifier, URI, URL, URN, NBN, PURL, DOI, ARK, infoURI, XRI. -
Persistent Identifiers
Persistent Identifiers Daan Broeder Max-Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Identifying what? • Things you want to identify in a unique and persistent way. – Web accessible resources – Services producing resources – Lexicon entries, concepts from concept registries,… –… ……………. and want to access Resource Identification on the Web • URI: Uniform Resource Identifier generic name for all ways of identifying resources on the Internet – URL: Uniform Resource Locator • http://www.mpi.nl/IMDI/metadata/IMDI.xml • When used as an identifier, the URL is both name and location of the resource – URN: Uniform Resource Name • urn:ISBN:0262531283 • Namespaces should be registered, isbn, ietf:rfc, mpeg:mpeg7:schema,… Using URLs as Identifiers • Embedded URLs become actionable in many tools. • However: – When resources are moved dead links result (link rot). Unless you succeed updating all referring documents. – The URL string may hold meaning e.g. http://www.mpi.nl/data/corpora/non-evaluated- resources/house.wav Persistent Identifier Systems • Separate resource name from resource location • Resolver system to translate names into locations administration pid resolver url url resource client repository resource Persistent Identifier Systems • Associate extra information with the PID – URLs of copies – Metadata – Authentication system info • High availability, scalable, … Existing PID Systems (not an exhaustive set) • PURL: Persistent URL, based on http redirect • HS: Handle System, full fledged pid system – DOI: HS implementation • ARK: Archival Resource Key Persistent URL (PURL) • Developed by OCLC (online computer library centre, 1995) •Format: – http://purl.oclc.org/emls/texts/libels | prot | resolver | asset name • Works by HTTP redirect • Purls are directly actionable • Binds only one single URL with the identifier, no metadata • Use of central purl service is free. -
Persistent Identifiers
Persistent Identifiers Adam Carter (EUDAT/EPCC) 0000-0001-9544-9211 including content originally created by Tobias Weigel (DKNZ) and Larry Lannom (CNRI) What I’ll cover • Why PIDs? • What are PIDs? • How to use PIDs Q. Why PIDs? A. Data Intensive Science • Not only the volume is increasing, but also the number of digital objects • Data generation is getting easier/cheaper • A greater emphasis is being placed on data as infrastructure and the use of data as a new way to do science: datascopes • In science, data is increasingly shared across communities So, Why PIDs? • These objects need to be (globally) addressable so that they can be reusable • Once data is addressable, it – can be found more easily by you, other people, and computers – can be cited – can be linked together WHAT ARE PIDS? Persistent Identifiers come in various formats • 10876/abc123 • 10.1594/WDCC/CMIP5.NCCNMpc • ark:/13030/tf5p30086k • http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1 • urn:lsid:ubio.org:namebank:11815 There are several different PID systems / infrastructures • Handle System • Digital Object Identifier (DOI) • Archival Resource Key (ARK) • Persistent URL (PURL) • Life Science Identifier (LSID) • Uniform Resource Name (URN) There are several different PID systems / infrastructures • Handle System ☚ • Digital Object Identifier (DOI) • Archival Resource Key (ARK) • Persistent URL (PURL) • Life Science Identifier (LSID) • Uniform Resource Name (URN) There are several different PID systems / infrastructures • Handle System ☚ – http://hdl.handle.net/1234/56 • Digital Object Identifier (DOI) – http://doi.org/10.1002/prot.9999 • Archival Resource Key (ARK) – http://www.nmah.org/ark:/13030/tf5p30086k • Persistent URL (PURL) – http://purl.oclc.org/keith/home • Life Science Identifier (LSID) – urn:lsid:<Authority>:<Namespace>:<ObjectID>[:<Version>] • Uniform Resource Name (URN) – urn:isbn:0451450523 PIDs identify resources • The resource, generally, is a black box which can contain – Data – Metadata – Document – Software code – … • PIDs can also identify things – e.g. -
Getting Personal: Confronting the Challenges of Archiving Personal Records in the Digital Age
GETTING PERSONAL: CONFRONTING THE CHALLENGES OF ARCHIVING PERSONAL RECORDS IN THE DIGITAL AGE by Jordan Leslie Bass A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of the University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of History (Archival Studies) Joint Masters Program University of Manitoba/University of Winnipeg Winnipeg, Manitoba Jordan Leslie Bass Copyright © 2012 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract.............................................................................................................................iii Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………...v List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………...vi List of Copyrighted Material…………………………………………………………..vii Introduction: The Value and Precarious Existence of Personal Digital Archives………1 Chapter One: Archival Responses to Personal Records……………………………….11 Chapter Two: Personalized Digital Archiving Environments…………………………47 Chapter Three: Recent Innovations and Research in Archiving Personal Digital Records…………………………………………………………………………….……83 Conclusion: Revisiting the Pre-Custodial Interventionist Ideal………………………128 Appendix A: Pre-Custodial Workflow – Phase One…………………………………138 Appendix B: Pre-Custodial Workflow – Phase Two…………………………………139 Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….140 iii ABSTRACT Personal digital records are one of the most underrepresented areas of archival theory and practice. Documentary forms created by private persons have long been victim of a poverty of professional attention, and much -
Implementing Persistent Identifiers. Overview of Concepts, Guidelines
Traditionally, references to web content have been made by using URL hyperlinks. However, as links are ‘broken’ when content is moved to another location, a reference system based on URLs is inherently unstable and poses risks for continued access to web resources. To create a more reliable system for referring to published material on the web, from the mid-1990s a number of schemes have been developed that use name spaces to identify resources, enabling retrieval even if the Implementing Persistent Identifiers location on the web is unknown. This report was written to explain the principle of persistent identifiers Hans-Werner Hilse and Jochen Kothe and help institutions decide which scheme would best fit their needs. It discusses Handles, Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), Archival Resource Keys (ARKs), Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs), Uniform Resource Names (URNs), National Bibliography Numbers (NBNs), and the OpenURL, providing examples and extensive references for each. Consortium of European Research Libraries European Commission on Preservation and Access Implementing Persistent Identifiers This report was written by the Research and Development Department of the Goettingen State and University Library (Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitäts- bibliothek Göttingen) at the request of the Advisory Task Group of the Consortium of European Research Libraries. © Some rights reserved by the Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL). Usage and distribution of this work is defined in the Creative Commons Attribution-